Digestive system flipbook - Andrew ding

D​ igestive system ​By - Andrew ding 3B

T​ able of contents Key terms ( page 3) Function/diseases-disorders (page 4) Vocabulary (page 5) Healthcare career (page 6) Label system (page 7) Source of research (page 8)

​Key terms ● cholecyst/o - Gallbladder ● enter/o - intestines ● col/o;colon/o - colon; large intestine ● hepat/o - liver ● gastr/o - stomach ● or/o - mouth ● -pepsia/o - digestion ● chol/e - gall; bile ● proct/o - rectum; anus ● abdomin/o - abdomen ● append/o - appendix ● duoden/o - duodenum ● inguin/o - groin ● labi/o - lip ● -chezia - defecation; elimination of waste ● -clysis - irrigation; washing

Function  The digestive system’s major functions are ingestion, digestion, absorption, and  elimination. Ingestion is the intake of food and liquids into the body. The point of entry  is the mouth in which physical and mechanical and digestion take place (aka  mastication). Digestion is the process by which food is broken down into smaller parts.  Physical (mechanical) digestion is breaking down the food while chemical digestion is  breaking the food down into smaller chemical compounds that can be absorbed by the  body. Absorption is when nutrients leave the digestive tract and enter the blood supply  and are soon transferred to blood cells via the bloodstream. Absorption mainly occurs  in the small intestine. Elimination is when solid waste is collected in the large intestine  and excreted through the anus (aka defecation).  Diseases / Disorders  Bulimia - Gorging with food and then purging. Purging is most commonly induced by  vomiting, excessive exercise and/or use of laxatives. Bulimia has intense effects on the  process of the digestive system.  Celiac Disease - A malabsorption syndrome (condition of faulty absorption)  characterized by weight loss and diarrhea; thought to be caused by foods containing  gluten, a protein found in wheat.  Gastroenteritis - Inflammation of the stomach and intestines that is characterized by  nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea; also known as a “stomach bug.”  Peritonitis - Inflammation of the abdominal cavity caused by bacterial infection; occurs  after rupture of an abdominal organ or trauma to the abdominal region.     

​Vocabulary Cuspids​ - Canines, have sharp points to tear food and have the longest root than any other teeth. salivary glands​ - glands of the mouth that produce saliva, a digestive secretion Palate​ - the upper surface of the mouth that separates the oral and nasal cavities Uvula​ - a small pendant fleshy lobe at the back of the soft palate Pharynx​ - throat; passageway for food to the esophagus and air to the larynx Esophagus​ - muscular tube that moves food from the pharynx to the stomach digestive enzymes​ - proteins found in digestive juices that act on food substances, causing them to break down into simpler compounds pepsin, hydrochloric acid parietal cells​ - Cells found in gastric glands that secrete hydrochloric acid (for hydrolysis of ingested food) and gastric intrinsic factor (for absorption of vitamin B-12). Duodenum​ - first part of small intestines, most digestion takes place, chemicals released from liver, gallbladder, and pancreas enteroendocrine glands - Secrete hormone, gastrin (Into the lamina propria not the pit Rennin​ - an enzyme that occurs in gastric juice coagulates milk pancreatic enzymes​ - digestive proteins found in pancreatic secretions that break down all organic nutrients Liver​ - organ that makes bile to break down fats; also filters poisons and drugs out of the blood Bile​ - A substance produced by the liver that breaks up fat particles stored in gallbladder Appendix​ - small pouch, which has no function in digestion, attached to the cecum

​ ​Healthcare careers Gastroenterologist - Gastroenterologists are internists (doctors trained in internal medicine). They complete up to 6 more years of specialized training after medical school. These doctors study the ​digestive system​ and any diseases that affect your ​esophagus,​ ​stomach,​ g​ allbladder,​ ​pancreas​, liver​, i​ ntestines,​ c​ olon​, and rectum. Gastroenterologists may see patients in a hospital or an outpatient clinic. They aren’t surgeons, but they do tests, like a colonoscopy or ​endoscopy,​ at both of these places. Proctologist - P​ roctologists are surgeons who diagnose and treat disorders of the rectum, anus, and entire gastrointestinal tract. The word “proctologist” is a bit outdated, though. These days, the preferred term is “colorectal surgeon” or “colon and rectal surgeon.” Continue reading to learn about these highly trained specialists, the disorders they diagnose and treat, and the signs that you should see one. Colorectal surgeons manage diseases of the intestinal tract. This tract consists of the colon, rectum, anal canal, and perianal area. Colorectal surgeons are trained to perform a variety of diagnostic tests and surgical procedures.

L​ abel system

​Source of research https://www.g-wonlinetextbooks.com/introd uction-medical-terminology-2017/221 https://quizlet.com/18983293/digestive-syst em-flash-cards/ https://www.dmu.edu/medterms/digestive-s ystem/digestive-system-proceduresspeciali sts/ https://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorder s/what-is-a-gastroenterologist#1 https://www.healthline.com/health/what-is-a -proctologist#conditions-treated