محمد أبو عيد • مدير و مؤسس (إنتماء مهندسون مستشارون) • أمين سر شعبة الهندسة الميكانيكية • حاصل على مرتبة استشاري في الخدمات الميكانيكية للمباني • ماجستير في الإدارة • بكالوريوس في الهندسة الميكانيكية • معتمد لدى كل من : • ASHRAE , PE, CEM, ACI BIM, Autodesk Certified Instructor, Autodesk Certified Professional • محكم دولي معتمد
SWIMMIMG POOLS TYPES, DESIGN, AND RECOMMENDATIONS
WHAT IS the definition of POOL ? A CONTAINER CONTAINS WATER AND USED FOR DIFFERENT USES CONCRETE BESE COLD SWIMMING PHENYL HOT SPA PLASTIC EFFECTED STEEL WAVES RELAXATION FALLS TRAINING LANDSCAPING
TYPES OF POOLS ? In ground pool (Gunite pools or vinyl lined) (based on the type of construction) Above ground pool ( fiberglass is the most common)
TYPES OF POOLS ? Overflow type pools (based on circulation) Skimmer type pools
TYPES OF POOLS ? (based on Water Effect) Ocean pools Infinity pool Zero-entry pool
TYPES OF POOLS ? (based on Usage type) Spa / Therapy training wading
Pools Circulation Criteria Skimmer type pools Overflow type pools
Skimmer type pool consists of : • Skimmers •Main drains •Water Return inlets •Pool circulation pumps. •Filters . •Heat exchanger •Chemical dosing and water treatment unit. •Vacuum cleaner connection
Overflow pool consists of : •Overflow channel •Balance tank •Main drains •Water Return inlets •circulation pump •Filter •Heat exchanger •Chemical dosing/ water treatment unit. •Vacuum connection
How to determine the filtration cycle parameters and conditions of a pool ? Design Parameters : Design conditions : 1. Determine the type of the 1. If overflow , we need balance pool . (overflow or skimmer) tank . If skimmer we don’t. 2. Determine the volume of 2. The recommended turnover the pool . rate for outdoor pool is 6 times/day , while for the 3. Determine the location of indoor it is 4 times/day . the pool . (Indoor or (VERY ROUGH ESTIMATE – IT DEPENDS) outdoor) 3. The location of the pump 4. Check the location of the room affects the pumps pump room . characteristics .
POPULAR REFERENCES : Most Famous Countries in Swimming Pool Design : 1. AUSTRALIA 2.SPAIN 3. USA
REFERENCES : Most Famous REFERENCES : 1. Public swimming pool and spa pool advisory document © Health Protection NSW 2013-Australia 2. ANSI / APSP American National Standards , The Association of Pool & Spa Professionals.
A Look On ANSI / APSP American National Standards , The Association of Pool & Spa Professionals
Pool Classification (According to ANSI/APSP) :
Pool Classification (According to ANSI/APSP) :
Pool Classification (According to ANSI/APSP) :
Pool Classification (According to ANSI/APSP) :
Design Criteria
Pool Filtration Cycle Schematic : Typical Schematic :
The rated turnover rate for different swimming pool uses according to American Pools & Spas Professionals (APSP) Type Turnover Residential 6 times / day Residential indoor 4 times / day Public swimming indoor 4 times / day Public training indoor 6 times / day Public Wading indoor 12 times / day Public Spa indoor 48 times / day
Pool Filtration Cycle: Pumps Filters Safety & Accessories Water Temperature Outlets& Inlets Water Quality
Pool Filtration Cycle: Outlets & Inlets
Filtration Cycle Fittings and Accessories : Main Drains : The Main Water Suction Ports of Filtration Cycle • Recommended : Two at least • Recommended to be in the lowest elevation of pool surface • Minimum distance between drains >1.5 m • Recommended flow • Flow rate of 3-5 m3/hr per drain
Filtration Cycle Fittings and Accessories : Skimmer : Is an open port on the side of pool to collect the shallow water level. Skimmer boxes, although not recommended in public pools, must be designed and installed to prevent entrapment and disembowelment. Recommended Velocity (0.4 - 0.5 m/s)
Filtration Cycle Fittings and Accessories : Overflow Channel : Has the same function of skimmer, but collects the water from the pool surface. • Recommended for public Pools • More attractive for Architects and IDs • Requires a balancing tank
Filtration Cycle Fittings and Accessories : Overflow Channel : • The Balance Tank Sizing depends on the Number of bathers/swimmers and the surface area of pool. • Estimating the Number of Bathers from the table Below:
Filtration Cycle Fittings and Accessories : • Example : Pool with Dimensions (12m X 6m X 1.2m) – Determine the estimated (Balance Tank) Volume ?? No. of Bathers : From Table Below: No. of Bathers = ������������������ ������ ������������ = 27.7 ������.������ ������������/������ A pool with 28 Bathers Volume of Each Bather = ~ (1.8m X 0.35m X 0.6m) = ~ 0.378 m3 = ~ 378L Estimated displaced Volume = 28(P) X 378(L/P) = 10584 L = 10.58 m3
Filtration Cycle Fittings and Accessories : Return Inlets : Are the water return ports that complete the recirculation cycle. • May be Side or Bottom Fixed • Recommended Spacing (1.5m) • Recommended Velocity (1.0 – 1.9 m/s) • Recommended to have a minimum of 2 inlets
Filtration Cycle Fittings and Accessories : Vacuum Outlets : A fitting used for pool surface cleaning, connected to pumping cycle. • Recommended (1 fitting / 30-50 sqm) Recommended Spacing (~ 15m)
Filtration Cycle Fittings and Accessories : Features Inlets & Jets : Inlets Used to give a water movement, used in Spas, Water features, Falls and fountains • Recommended to be connected to a special pump. • Specifications by type & manufacturers.
Pool Filtration Cycle: Pumps Filters Safety & Accessories Water Temperature Outlets& Inlets Water Quality
Pool Filtration Cycle: Pumps
Pump Recommended Specifications : • Self-priming electro-pump for swimming-pools, with built-in pre- filter (Basket Strainer). • Filter with transparent lid which allows easy observation of the pre- filter basket. • Pump body made of chemicals resistant material , compatible with corrosive materials in the swimming- pool (reinforced with fiber glass). • Pump body with shaft in stainless steel (Recommended 316-L). • Enclosed motor, totally with IP-55 (or more) protection at minimum.
Pump Recommended Specifications : Example: Assume a outdoor pool with dimensions (12m X 6m X 1.2m) Volume = 86.4 m3 If outdoor pool : 6 times / day If the operation duration = 18 hrs/day (The Day = 18hrs) Witch means that the Turnover rate = 6 time / 18 hours = 1 time / 3 hrs So : flow rate = Volume (m3) X Turnover (1/3 Hours) Q (m3/hr) = (86.4 m3) X 1/3 = 28.8 m3/hr Then the other parameter for the pump is the Head : If we look for the schematic of a pool we find that there is no static head , then the head of the pump is the summation of the dynamic losses in pipes and equipments .
Pool Filtration Cycle: Pumps Filters Safety & Accessories Water Temperature Outlets& Inlets Water Quality
Pool Filtration Cycle: Filters
Filter Specifications : • The most usable filter type is the Fiberglass Sand Filter. • The filter selection is based on the Water Flow (m3/Hr) , Face Velocity (Recommended 30-60 (m3/Hr/m2)
Filter Specifications : • The Multiport Valve (6 – way Valve) : Multiport top valve with six positions: 1- FILTER: In this position the pool water is pumped into the filter where sediment and dirt are trapped in the sand bed, allowing only clean water to return to the pool. 2- BACKWASH: In this position the pool water is pumped into the filter, dirt and collectable particles in the sand bed are dislodged and washed down the waste line. Backwash the pool for approximately 3-5 minutes or until the water, visible in the sight glass on the side of the Multiport valve becomes clear.
Filter Specifications : • The Multiport Valve (6 – way Valve) : 3- RINSE: In this position the pool water is pumped through the filter down the waste pipe. This position is used immediately after backwashing to rinse and settle the sand before switching on the filter approximately 3 minutes after every backwash. After backwashing, fresh water must be fed into the system in order to re-establish the original water level. 4- RECIRCULATE: In this position water from the pump will bypass the filter sand bed.
Filter Specifications : • The Multiport Valve (6 – way Valve) : 5- WASTE: In this position the pool water is pumped through the multiport valve direct to the waste line, bypassing the sand bed. This position can be used when the pool has a large buildup of dirt and leaves and alleviates the necessity for backwashing after vacuuming. Waste position should only be used for short periods as large volumes of water will be pumped down the waste line which may result in the pool water level falling below the skimmer level. 6- CLOSED: In this position the multiport valve is closed off and water from the pump will not pass through the filter. This position should only be used when cleaning the primary strainer.
Pool Filtration Cycle: Pumps Filters Safety & Accessories Water Temperature Outlets& Inlets Water Quality
Pool Water Quality & Sanitizing
Registered Sanitizers and Systems : 1- Free Chlorine Available (FAC) 2- Bromine (Br) 3- PHMB - Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) 4- Metal Based Systems Supplemental Sanitizers : 1- Ozone 2- Ultra Violate (UV) Water Balance : 1- PH ( 7.2 – 7.8 ) 2- Total Alkalinity (60 – 180 ppm as a CaCO3) 3- Calcium Hardness (150 – 1000 ppm as a CaCO3) 4- Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) (Less than 1500 ppm)
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