Active & Passive Safety System's applied in new Vehicles Prepared and presented by Engineer : Suleiman Alsaid 10 / 03 / 2018
Introduction – Myself Name: Suleiman Alsaid E-mail: [email protected] Mobile: 0777956774 Academic Qualifications : Master of Science in Mechanical Engineering /1981 - Specialization : Vehicle Engineering ( Automotive Technology ) Secondary Certificate in Jordan / 1975 - Highest Academic score for 1975 batch among Jordan Regio Professional Experiences: Period Position Employer To From 2017 2005 Training Dept.Manager Juma Al Majid Group -Dubai 2005 1994 Service Manager Juma Al Majid Group -Dubai 1994 1992 Service Manager Al Tewfik Automobile (Renault) 1992 1990 – Amman - Jordan 1990 1988 1988 1982 Training Instructor National College –Amman - Jordan Service Manager Lada Trading –Amman - Jordan Head of Machinery Dept. Arab Company for
Introduction – Participants Name : Profession : Specialization : Position in the company (If any ) : Years in current position ( If any ) : Interesting fact about yourself : What you expect from this training course :
• Please turn off / vibrate mode mobile phones • Restrooms • Breaks (Follow schedule)Please be prompt
• Share what you know • Learn from others • Ask questions • Confidentiality • Open mind • Respectful communication
• Provide Information to help you... To understand the Active & Passive syste ms and features available on the New Mo dels You will be able to understand the functio n & the location of the main components of these systems. Provide proper maintenance on these Ve hicles Diagnose and trouble-shoot problem that maybe encountered while repairing these Cars.
Brain Storming : Find the vehicle speed in km/h and then write down it (5-speed Vehicle ). π=3.14, 1 inch=2.54cm workshop Differential LH RH Tire Tire Vehicle manual drive gear wheel wheel diameter Circumference Speed RPM (km/h) Gear Engine Final RPM RPM Tire (cm) (cm) position RPM Gear specification ratio Gear ratio R 1,000 3.5 80 3rd 2500 1.5 4 400 265/60 R18 5th 3500 0.8 920
Basic Terminologies (Active Safety) ABS (Anti-Lock Brake System) ADVANTAGES OF ABS Vehicle without ABS Anti-lock Brake Systems are designed to prevent wheel lockup under heavy braking conditions on any type of road condition. The result is that, during heavy braking, the driver: retains directional stability (Vehicle Stability) stops faster (Shortened Stopping distance, except gravel, fresh snow..) retains maximum control of vehicle (Steer-ability) Vehicle with ABS
ABS (Anti-Lock Brake System)
TCS (Traction Control System) Traction control helps limit tire slip in acceleration on slippery surfaces. In the past, drivers had to release the accelerator pedal to prevent the drive wheels from spinning wildly on slippery road. Many of today's vehicles employ electronic controls to limit power delivery for the driver, eliminating wheel slip and helping the driver accelerate under control. When the traction-control system determines that one wheel is spinning more quickly than the others, the TCS computer automatically \"pumps\" the brake to that wheel to reduce its speed and lessen wheel slip. This system is an extension of the well-known ABS function to incorporate FTCS (Full Traction Control System) which controls engine torque at the same time.
ESP (Electronic Stability Program) Electronic Stability Program (ESP), also referred to as electronic stability control (ESC) is a computerized technology that improves the safety of a vehicle stability by detecting and reducing loss of traction (skidding). When ESP detects loss of steering control, it automatically applies the brakes to help \"steer\" the vehicle where the driver intends to go. Braking is automatically applied by computer to wheels individually, such as the outer front wheel to control over-steer or the inner rear wheel to counter under-steer. Some ESP systems also reduce engine power until control is regained. ESP does not improve a vehicle's cornering performance; instead, it helps to minimize the loss of control.
ESP (Electronic Stability Program) Yaw-G Sensor ESP Wheel Speed(*4)
ESP (Electronic Stability Program)
EPB (Electronic Parking Brake) Benefits of EPB EPB Mechanical type Neither lever nor foot pedal is required. Lever or pedal is required. More space and higher degree of design Design layout is restricted due to the for passenger compartment cabin. lever or pedal. Automatic release upon starting with Not released but warning (some model parking brake engaged. only) upon starting with parking brake engaged.
EPB (Electronic Parking Brake) Cluster (Parking Brake Lamp EPB Failure (MIL) EPB Actuator (EPB ECU included) AVH EPB Switch Switch
EPB (Electronic Parking Brake) Main functions Static Braking Mode To apply : EPB switch ON ( pull ) & Vehicle stop (IG OFF) To release : EPB switch OFF (push ) & IG ON & Foot brake ON Dynamic Brake Function (DBF) While driving, pull EPB switch and Hold it without foot brake. Auto Release Function Engine running + Brake pedal S/W ON + Gear shift (P position → D/R/S position) Engine Off apply ( Deleted) If engine off the Vehicle will not go to Parking Brake . Only it will go to Gear shift P-position.
Electronic Parking Brake Hook & claw Emergency Release: When the battery is discharged Emergency releasing tool Emergency release cable Hole for emergency release Install the tool on the (Inside trunk) cable and pull until it sounds. Tool Box
During a holding state, the car will automatically go to PARKING status (EPB) if either ten minutes have passed or the driver opens the door , hood or rear trunk.
AVH – Auto Vehicle Hold Main functions EPB Switch Automatic Vehicle Hold (AVH) Operating condition (1) Engine running ? ESC Module (2) Shift lever position ? Hydraulic oil (3) Vehicle is moving ? pressure is applied to the brake (4) AVH switch ? (5) What about trunk ? AVH Switch (6) And hood ? (7) Are you staying in the cabin ? (Door open or close) Go mode AUTO AUTO HOLD HOLD AVH active Accel. pedal on AVH stand by
AVH EPB Conditions (1) Engine off (2) Trunk open at R (3) Hood open at D (4) Driver out of vehicle (5) Timer out (10min, 30min) (6) Vehicle stops at uphill (more than 25%) AVH Timer : 10 min, 30 min 30 min. 10 min. AUTO AUTO AUTO … AUTO … AUTO AUTO HOLD HOLD HOLD HOLD HOLD HOLD Y min. Z min. X min.
HBA (Hydraulic Brake Assist) The Hydraulic Brake Assist system comes to the driver’s (Specially old drivers and ladies) aid in emergency braking situations. The brake assist determine from the speed at which the brake pedal is depressed that the driver requires full braking power, and automatically boosts the brake pressure up to the ABS control threshold for as long as the driver keeps the brake pedal pressed down. If the driver subsequently eases off the brake pedal, the system will reduce the brake pressure again to match the brake pedal’s position. Hydraulic brake assist can substantially shorten the vehicle’s stopping distance.
HAC (Hill Start Assist Control) • Concept : Detects vehicle stop on slope. Keeps the fixed brake pressure depending on slope degree for 2 sec. • Function : Prevent roll back at start at uphill (or downhill).
DBC (Down-Hill Brake Control) • Function Keep constant speed (8kph )when the vehicle go down on the hill without step on the brake pedal. 8kph constant DBC Press the DBC Switch to Switch operate the system
Driving Mode 1. Introduction 3. Operation ECO : Improve fuel efficiency Select drive mode by pushing switch and the mode will Normal : Improve maximum drivability and comfort SPORT : Improve dynamic driving performance change in sequence below. “SPORT→ECO→NORMAL” SNOW : Help to drive more effectively on slippery SNOW mode switch will change the drive mode to snow roads. mode regardless of any current mode. 2. System components The performance characteristics of Engine, Automission, Suspension, Steering change according to drive modes. ++ + 4. Attention At NORMAL mode, there is no indicator on the cluster. After engine OFF, the drive mode will initiate with NORMAL mode. System Eco Normal Sport snow Engine / Auto Eco Normal Sport Sport Suspension Normal Normal Normal Steering NNoormrmaal l Normal Sport Normal Sport
Active ECO System Improving actual fuel economy by optimization of ECU, TCU and air conditioning compressor for best fuel economy Standard on some 6-speed automatic models Active Eco switch “On” Active ECO system controls ECU, TCU, and FATC Transmission (TCU) Active ECO System Engine Air Conditioner Compressor (ECU) (Full Automatic Temp Control)
MDPS (Motor Driven Power Steering)
Smart Cruise Control (SCC) 1. Introduction 2. System components <SCC Unit> The system will automatically stop the vehicle and initiate autostart, ensuring optimal safety and convenience. Main function Conditions Cluster Function Cruise Without car ahead <SCC Switch> Maintain With car ahead NO Function distance ① Cruise : System activation and cancellation Automatic With car ahead ② RES+ : Resume previous speed stop and stopping and (Stored in memory) / Increase speed starting in 3 start seconds ③ SET- : Set speed / Reduce set speed Accelerat With car ahead ④ CANCEL : Temporally system off e and disappearing cruise ⑤ Setting distance between front car.
3. Components – SCC Switch - 1 [ RES ] or [ ＋ ] [ CRUISE ON / OFF ] • Standby Mode Control Mode • Control Mode Set Speed UP • SCC (CC) System ON OFF • Resume SCC system • SCC (CC) System OFF ON when it is auto-deactivated [ SET ] or [ － ] [ CANCEL ] • Standby Mode Control Mode • Control Mode Set Speed Down • Control Mode Standby Mode [ Headway ] • Setting the distances between your car and the forward car (4 3 2 1 4) • Hold 2 Sec (SCC CC, CC SCC)
Advanced Technology Smart Cruise Control (SCC) 3. Operation Operation Cluster 4. Attention Setting ON SCC cancelled automatically under following conditions. - The driver’s door is opened. Initial ① Move the lever up to CRUISE OFF - The vehicle speed is over180km/h setting The indicator will illuminate - ABS / ESC / Parking brake is operating - The shift lever is in ‘N’ position. ② Accelerate to the desired speed - The Accel pedal is continuously applied over 60 sec. - The ESC is OFF. over 30 kh/h and move the lever - The sensor or the cover is dirty or blocked with material - When the vehicle stops for over 5 minutes. down to SET- to set the desired ※ ESC : Electronic Stability Control speed. ※ ABS : Antilock Braking System Cruising will start Adjusting ① Increase speed: Move to RES/+’ speed ② Decrease speed: ‘Move to SET/– ※ Short: ±1km/h / Long: ±10km/h Maintaining ① Distance mode 4 is set initially. distance ② Distance changes when pushing the switch as following in turn. * Distance mode 4321 Distance 52.5→40→30→25m (Sample at speed of 90km/h) ① Car ahead stops Car stops ② Car ahead moves In 3 seconds : Automatic stop -> Car automatic start. and start ③ Car ahead stops over 3 sec. : -> Accel Pedal will return to the existing cruise mode Cancellation (Temporary Cancellation) - Brake pedal depressed - Move to CANCEL position. (Complete cancellation) - Move to CRUISE position.
4. Control – Limit Situations for SCC System Scenario Diagram Critical situation 1 Proximity cut-in Existence of detection black spots at a short distance Risk of collision at the time of close cut-in The preceding vehicle is not 2 selected as a control target preceding Presumed If the curvature radius of the preceding vehicle is on vehicle route the other road, the preceding vehicle will be on a curved road. recognized as a vehicle on the other lane. Real route Selecting the vehicle on the Sudden acceleration can be made, and there is a 3 the lane of the curved road possibility of collision, if the preceding vehicle reduces the speed. as a control target Presumed Incorrect braking can occur, if the vehicle on the other Collision occurs if the route lane puts on the brake, as the vehicle on the lane of 4 preceding vehicle stops the curved road is recognized as a control target. Real route suddenly. A Vehicle on side lane preceding vehicle If the preceding vehicle stops abruptly while the driver is not aware, collision anxiety can be caused. A warning is given, if the preceding vehicle stops suddenly.
4. Control – Limit Situations for SCC System Scenario Diagram Critical situation 5 Intersection Vehicle on If the preceding vehicle that has been followed is cut- orthogonal out, there is a possibility of collision with the vehicle moving straight. direction (SCC doesn't follow the vehicle moving straight continuously.) Non-detection of the preceding If the road curve is change on the uphill or downhill, 6 preceding vehicle vehicle the preceding vehicle cannot be detected due to the vertical angle limitation of the radar. due to a curved road 7 The pedestrian cannot be If a pedestrian enters between the preceding vehicle detected. and SCC vehicle, the radar cannot detect a pedestrian. As a result, the vehicle can collide with the pedestrian. Pedestrian preceding vehicle The radar cannot guarantee the detection of the object other than regular cars, such as the motorcycle, bicycle, and pedestrian.
4. Control – Limit Situations for SCC System Scenario Diagram Critical situation A risk of colliding with If the preceding vehicle is overloaded with the long- 8 the overloaded vehicle at the size cargo like woods and pipes, the radar cannot recognize the cargo and the vehicle collides with the rear cargo. A risk of colliding with If the tall vehicle is not equipped with the rear safety panel, the radar sets the lower bottom of the preceding 9 the tall vehicle vehicle as a control target, and the vehicle collides with no safety panel with the preceding vehicle. attachment. 10 Blockage due to sensor cover A risk of collision due to non-detection of the contamination. preceding vehicle until blockage is detected. preceding If blockage occurs due to snow/rain, it cannot be vehicle detected immediately.
4. Control – Limit Situations for SCC System Scenario Diagram Critical situation Sudden deceleration due to preceding Sudden deceleration occurs due to incorrect 11 the complex structure vehicle recognition of the complex structure on the road as a preceding vehicle, due to radar reflected wave. on the road Example) Toll gate, subway construction work site, A risk of an accident tunnel, guard rail close to the lane, etc. 12 due to no visibility of the preceding If the driver cannot secure visibility, the dangerous driver vehicle situation can occur due to the late response of the driver, due to limited detection. The fog
TPMS (Tire Pressure Monitoring System)
- Checking tire pressure on the driver seat using the cluster Features - Easy to manage the vehicle by checking tire pressure - Function of changing the tire pressure unit (psi, kpa, bar) <Displaying the pressure value additionally>
LDWS (Lane Departure Warning System) Overview - A device that recognizes a lane using the camera, and calculates the vehicle location; and gives a warning if the vehicle departs from the lane. Composition Cluster ① LDWS ECU Displaying a lane (integrated camera) departure warning LDWS switch When the wheel outer Steering wheel ring touches a lane vibration Features - Improving driver safety by giving a warning if departed from the lane. - Inducing safe driving by turning a turn signal on when changing lanes.
LKAS (Lane Keeping Assist System) Overview - A device that recognizes a lane using the camera, and calculates the vehicle location; and supplies steering torque to the opposite direction of the departure direction, so that the vehicle doesn't depart the lane by assisting the steering power, if the vehicle departs from the lane. LDWS ECU Cluster R-MDPS LDWS switch Features - Improving driver safety by preventing lane departure actively - Reducing fatigue caused by steering when driving a long distance
HBA (High Beam Assist)
HBA (High Beam Assist) The function that turns the high beam on/off automatically (turning on when there is a oncoming vehicle/vehicle ahead, or vice versa), by detecting the light source (head lamp, tail lamp) of the oncoming vehicle/vehicle ahead, using the camera. LDWS ECU If there is no oncoming vehicle/vehicle ahead Cluster Turning the high beam on If there is oncoming vehicle/vehicle ahead Turning the high beam off Multi-functional switch (AUTO+High Beam) Features Improving driver's convenience by securing visibility on the dark road
LED (Light Emitting Diodes)
LED Adaptive Front Lighting System (AFLS)
LED Adaptive Front Lighting System (AFLS)
HUD (Head Up Display) Introduction : The head up display projects a shadow of some information of the cluster and navigation on the windshield glass.
HUD (Head Up Display)
BSD (Blind Spot Detection) & LCA (Lane Change Assist)
BSD (Blind Spot Detection) & LCA (Lane Change Assist) Overview - Giving a warning to the driver, if any vehicle approaches from the blind spot and rear side at high speed ! Warning of the vehicles in BSD Warning of vehicles rapidly Warning of the vehicle approaching approaching from the rear. from the side, when going into reverse
BSD (Blind Spot Detection) & LCA (Lane Change Assist) Conditions of BSD system operation:
AVM (Around View Monitoring System) Around View Monitoring system that provides bird's-eye (360 degree) views around a vehicle in real-time video images Rear camera [Front + around view] [Front wide view] Right Unit Left camera Monitor camera [Front + left room view] [Front + right room view] Features Front camera - Removing the black spot, and increasing convenience by providing the video around the vehicle to the driver when driving/parking on the narrow area.
AVM (Around View Monitoring System)
Search
