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6‌‌Reasons‌‌for‌‌Refrigeration ‌‌ Compressor‌‌Not‌‌to‌‌Start ‌ ‌ ‌September‌1‌ 5,‌‌2021‌ C‌ ompressors ‌ ‌  ‌ Figure‌‌1:‌‌Refrigerator‌‌compressor‌‌unit. ‌ ‌  ‌  ‌ When‌‌speaking‌‌of‌‌air‌‌conditioners,‌‌everyone‌‌is‌‌familiar‌‌with‌‌them.‌‌Especially‌‌in‌‌the‌‌hot‌‌summer,‌‌we ‌‌ would‌‌not‌‌know‌‌how‌‌to‌‌live‌‌without‌‌it.‌‌But‌‌when‌‌it‌‌comes‌‌to‌r‌ efrigeration‌‌compressors,‌‌‌many ‌‌ consumers‌‌are‌‌not‌‌particularly‌‌clear.‌‌In‌‌fact,‌‌the‌‌refrigeration‌‌compressor‌‌is‌‌an‌‌important‌‌part‌‌of‌‌air ‌‌ conditioners‌‌and‌‌refrigerators,‌‌and‌‌its‌‌performance‌‌and‌‌quality‌‌directly‌‌determine‌‌the‌‌cooling‌‌effect ‌‌ of‌‌them.‌‌The‌‌following‌‌is‌‌an‌‌introduction‌‌to‌‌the‌‌types‌‌of‌‌refrigeration‌‌compressors. ‌ ‌ 1.‌‌Two‌‌Main‌‌Types‌‌of‌‌Refrigeration ‌‌ Compressors ‌ ‌ The‌‌refrigeration‌‌compressor‌‌is‌‌the‌‌core‌‌and‌‌heart‌‌of‌‌the‌‌refrigeration‌‌system.‌‌The‌‌capacity‌‌and ‌‌ characteristics‌‌of‌‌the‌‌compressor‌‌determines‌‌the‌‌capacity‌‌and‌‌characteristics‌‌of‌‌the‌‌refrigeration ‌‌

system.‌‌In‌‌a‌‌sense,‌‌the‌‌design‌‌and‌‌matching‌‌of‌‌the‌‌refrigeration‌‌system‌‌reflects‌‌the‌‌capabilities‌‌of ‌‌ the‌‌compressor. ‌ ‌  ‌ Therefore,‌‌the‌‌refrigeration‌‌industry‌‌of‌‌all‌‌countries‌‌in‌‌the‌‌world‌‌has‌‌invested‌‌a‌‌lot‌‌of‌‌energy‌‌in‌‌the‌ ‌ research‌‌of‌‌refrigeration‌‌compressors,‌‌and‌‌new‌‌research‌‌directions‌‌and‌‌research‌‌results‌‌continue‌‌to ‌‌ appear.‌‌The‌‌technology‌‌and‌‌performance‌‌level‌‌of‌‌compressors‌‌is‌‌changing‌‌with‌‌each‌‌passing‌‌day. ‌ ‌  ‌ The‌‌refrigeration‌‌compressor‌‌is‌‌a‌‌kind‌‌of‌‌machinery‌‌that‌‌increases‌‌the‌‌gas‌‌pressure,‌‌and‌‌it‌‌plays‌‌an ‌‌ important‌‌role‌‌in‌‌the‌‌refrigeration‌‌system.‌‌Refrigeration‌‌compressors‌‌can‌‌be‌‌divided‌‌into‌‌volume‌‌type ‌‌ and‌‌speed‌‌type‌‌according‌‌to‌‌their‌‌thermodynamic‌‌principles. ‌ ‌ 1.1‌‌Volume‌‌Type/Positive‌‌Displacement‌‌Compressor‌  ‌  ‌ Figure‌‌2:‌‌Rotor‌‌of‌‌air‌‌screw‌‌compressor. ‌ ‌  ‌  ‌ Positive‌‌displacement‌‌refrigeration‌‌compressors‌‌forcibly‌‌compress‌‌a‌‌certain‌‌volume‌‌of‌‌gas‌‌to‌‌reduce ‌‌ the‌‌volume‌‌of‌‌the‌‌gas‌‌and‌‌increase‌‌its‌‌pressure.‌‌Positive‌‌displacement‌‌compressors‌‌can‌‌be‌‌divided ‌‌ into‌‌two‌‌structural‌‌forms:‌‌piston‌‌type‌‌and‌‌rotary‌‌type. ‌ ‌  ‌

Piston-type‌‌refrigeration‌‌compressors‌‌use‌‌a‌‌crank‌‌and‌‌connecting‌‌rod‌‌mechanism‌‌to‌‌convert‌‌the ‌‌ rotary‌‌motion‌‌of‌‌the‌‌prime‌‌mover‌‌into‌‌reciprocating‌‌motion,‌‌thereby‌‌driving‌‌the‌‌piston‌‌to‌‌reciprocate‌ ‌ in‌‌the‌‌cylinder.‌‌In‌‌this‌‌process,‌‌the‌‌volume‌‌formed‌‌by‌‌the‌‌piston‌‌and‌‌the‌‌cylinder‌‌is‌‌constantly ‌‌ changing,‌‌and‌‌gas‌‌is‌‌compressed. ‌ ‌  ‌ Rotary‌‌refrigeration‌‌compressors‌‌use‌‌the‌‌rotation‌‌of‌‌the‌‌rotor‌‌to‌‌compress‌‌gas.‌‌According‌‌to‌‌their ‌‌ different‌‌forms‌‌and‌‌structures‌‌of‌‌rotation,‌‌they‌‌can‌‌be‌‌divided‌‌into‌‌screw‌‌compressors‌‌(single‌‌screw ‌‌ compressors‌‌and‌‌twin‌‌screw‌‌compressors),‌‌scroll‌‌compressors,‌‌vane‌‌compressors,‌‌etc. ‌ ‌ 1.2‌‌Speed‌‌Type/Dynamic‌‌Compressor ‌ ‌ In‌‌this‌‌type‌‌of‌‌compressor,‌‌the‌‌increase‌‌in‌‌gas‌‌pressure‌‌is‌‌converted‌‌from‌‌the‌‌speed‌‌of‌‌the‌‌gas.‌‌In ‌‌ other‌‌words,‌‌making‌‌the‌‌inhaling‌‌airflow‌‌obtain‌‌a‌‌certain‌‌high‌‌speed,‌‌and‌‌then‌‌slowing‌‌it‌‌down,‌‌then ‌‌ its‌‌momentum‌‌is‌‌converted‌‌into‌‌the‌‌high‌‌pressure‌‌gas,‌‌which‌‌discharges.‌‌It‌‌can‌‌be‌‌seen‌‌that‌‌the ‌‌ compression‌‌process‌‌in‌‌the‌‌speed‌‌compressor‌‌can‌‌be‌‌performed‌‌continuously,‌‌and‌‌the‌‌process‌‌is ‌‌ stable. ‌ ‌  ‌ Speed‌‌compressors‌‌can‌‌be‌‌divided‌‌into‌‌centrifugal‌‌compressors,‌‌axial‌‌compressors,‌‌etc.‌‌Almost‌‌all ‌‌ speed‌‌compressors‌‌used‌‌in‌‌refrigeration‌‌and‌‌heat‌‌pump‌‌systems‌‌are‌‌centrifugal‌‌compressors. ‌ ‌ 2.‌‌Failure‌‌Analysis‌‌of‌‌the‌‌Compressor‌‌Not‌‌to ‌ Start ‌ ‌

 ‌ Figure‌‌3:‌‌Refrigeration‌‌cycle‌‌vector‌‌illustration. ‌ ‌  ‌  ‌ If‌‌the‌‌refrigeration‌‌compressor‌‌fails‌‌to‌‌start‌‌normally‌‌during‌‌cold‌‌storage‌‌running,‌‌it‌‌will‌‌cause‌‌a‌‌huge ‌‌ cost‌‌loss.‌‌Therefore,‌‌when‌‌the‌‌refrigeration‌‌compressor‌‌cannot‌‌start,‌‌the‌‌cause‌‌should‌‌be‌‌found‌‌and ‌‌ the‌‌problem‌‌should‌‌be‌‌solved‌‌in‌‌time.‌‌Next,‌‌let's‌‌learn‌‌about‌‌the‌‌reason‌‌why‌‌the‌‌compressor‌‌can't ‌‌ start‌‌and‌‌the‌‌correct‌‌solution. ‌ ‌  ‌ The‌‌reason‌‌why‌‌the‌‌compressor‌‌does‌‌not‌‌start‌‌is‌‌mostly‌‌the‌‌failure‌‌of‌‌the‌‌motor‌‌and‌‌the‌‌electrical ‌‌ control.‌‌During‌‌maintenance,‌‌it‌‌is‌‌necessary‌‌to‌‌check‌‌various‌‌electrical‌‌control‌‌components,‌‌power ‌‌ supply‌‌and‌‌connection‌‌lines. ‌ ‌ 2.1‌‌Power‌‌Line‌‌Failure ‌ ‌ Fault‌‌analysis‌‌of‌‌power‌‌line‌‌failure:‌‌When‌‌the‌‌compressor‌‌does‌‌not‌‌start,‌‌generally‌‌check‌‌the‌‌power ‌‌ line‌‌first‌‌to‌‌see‌‌if‌‌the‌‌power‌‌fuse‌‌is‌‌blown,‌‌the‌‌wiring‌‌is‌‌loose,‌‌the‌‌disconnection‌‌causes‌‌a‌‌phase‌‌loss, ‌‌ or‌‌the‌‌power‌‌supply‌‌voltage‌‌is‌‌too‌‌low.‌  ‌  ‌ Remedy:‌‌When‌‌the‌‌power‌‌supply‌‌lacks‌‌phase,‌‌the‌‌motor‌‌emits‌‌a‌‌\"buzzing\"‌‌hum‌‌and‌‌does‌‌not‌‌start. ‌‌ After‌‌a‌‌while,‌‌the‌‌thermal‌‌relay‌‌will‌‌act‌‌and‌‌the‌‌contacts‌‌will‌‌open.‌‌At‌‌this‌‌time,‌‌you‌‌can‌‌use‌‌a ‌‌

multimeter‌‌to‌‌check‌‌whether‌‌the‌‌fuse‌‌is‌‌blown‌‌or‌‌measure‌‌the‌‌voltage.‌‌If‌‌the‌‌fuse‌‌is‌‌blown,‌‌replace‌‌it ‌‌ with‌‌an‌‌appropriate‌‌one. ‌ ‌ 2.2‌‌Temperature‌‌Controller‌‌Failure ‌ ‌  ‌ Figure‌‌4:‌‌Battery‌‌temperature‌‌controller. ‌ ‌  ‌  ‌ Fault‌‌analysis‌‌of‌‌temperature‌‌controller:‌‌The‌‌refrigerant‌‌in‌‌the‌‌thermal‌‌bulb‌‌of‌‌the‌‌temperature ‌‌ controller‌‌leaks‌‌or‌‌the‌‌temperature‌‌controller‌‌fails,‌‌which‌‌will‌‌cause‌‌the‌‌contact‌‌to‌‌be‌‌normally‌‌open. ‌‌ People‌‌often‌‌ask:‌‌would‌‌low‌‌refrigerant‌‌cause‌‌compressor‌‌not‌‌to‌‌start?‌‌Insufficient‌‌refrigerant‌‌will ‌‌ cause‌‌the‌‌compressor‌‌to‌‌not‌‌work. ‌ ‌  ‌ Remedy:‌‌Turn‌‌the‌‌thermostat‌‌knob‌‌to‌‌see‌‌if‌‌it‌‌can‌‌start‌‌the‌‌compressor‌‌at‌‌the‌‌lowest‌‌temperature ‌‌ gear‌‌(the‌‌largest‌‌number‌‌or‌‌the‌‌strong‌‌cold‌‌continuous‌‌operation‌‌gear).‌‌If‌‌it‌‌cannot‌‌start,‌‌further ‌‌ observe‌‌whether‌‌the‌‌refrigerant‌‌in‌‌the‌‌thermal‌‌bulb‌‌leaks,‌‌or‌‌the‌‌contact‌‌action‌‌fails,‌‌etc.‌‌Minor ‌‌ damages‌‌can‌‌be‌‌repaired,‌‌but‌‌serious‌‌ones‌‌should‌‌be‌‌replaced‌‌with‌‌a‌‌new‌‌thermostat‌‌of‌‌the‌‌same ‌‌ model‌‌and‌‌specification. ‌ ‌ 2.3‌‌Motor‌‌Burnt‌‌Out‌‌or‌‌Short‌‌Circuit‌‌Fault‌‌between‌‌Turns ‌ ‌ Fault‌‌analysis‌‌of‌‌motor‌‌burnt‌‌out‌‌or‌‌turn-to-turn‌‌short‌‌circuit:‌‌When‌‌the‌‌motor‌‌winding‌‌is‌‌burnt‌‌out‌‌or‌ ‌ turn-to-turn‌‌short‌‌circuit‌‌happens,‌‌the‌‌fuse‌‌will‌‌often‌‌blow‌‌repeatedly,‌‌especially‌‌when‌‌the‌‌knife ‌‌

switch‌‌is‌‌pushed‌‌on.‌‌For‌‌open‌‌compressors,‌‌at‌‌this‌‌time‌‌you‌‌can‌‌smell‌‌the‌‌burnt‌‌enameled‌‌wire‌‌from ‌‌ the‌‌motor. ‌ ‌  ‌ Remedy:‌‌Please‌‌use‌‌a‌‌multimeter‌‌to‌‌check‌‌whether‌‌the‌‌motor‌‌terminal‌‌and‌‌the‌‌shell‌‌are ‌‌ short-circuited,‌‌and‌‌measure‌‌the‌‌resistance‌‌of‌‌each‌‌phase.‌‌If‌‌it‌‌is‌‌a‌‌short‌‌circuit‌‌or‌‌a‌‌phase ‌‌ resistance‌‌is‌‌small,‌‌it‌‌means‌‌that‌‌the‌‌winding‌‌turn-to-turn‌‌short‌‌circuit‌‌happens‌‌and‌‌the‌‌insulation‌‌is‌ ‌ burned. ‌  ‌ During‌‌inspection,‌‌the‌‌insulation‌‌resistance‌‌can‌‌also‌‌be‌‌measured‌‌with‌‌an‌‌insulation‌‌resistance ‌‌ meter.‌‌If‌‌the‌‌resistance‌‌is‌‌close‌‌to‌‌zero,‌‌the‌‌insulation‌‌layer‌‌has‌‌been‌‌broken‌‌down.‌‌If‌‌the‌‌motor ‌‌ burns‌‌out,‌‌you‌‌should‌‌replace‌‌it. ‌ ‌ 2.4‌‌AC‌‌Contactor‌‌or‌‌Intermediate‌‌Relay‌‌Failure‌  ‌ The‌‌failure‌‌of‌‌an‌‌AC‌c‌ ontactor‌‌or‌‌intermediate‌‌relay‌‌is‌‌generally‌‌prone‌‌to‌‌contact‌‌overheating, ‌‌ burning,‌‌abrasion,‌‌etc.,‌‌which‌‌cause‌‌poor‌‌contact. ‌ ‌  ‌ Remedy:‌‌Please‌‌remove,‌‌repair‌‌or‌‌replace‌‌them. ‌ ‌ 2.5‌‌Pressure‌‌Controller‌‌Failure ‌ ‌  ‌ Figure‌‌5:‌‌Air‌‌compressor‌‌with‌‌pressure‌‌gauge.‌  ‌

 ‌  ‌ Failure‌‌analysis‌‌of‌‌the‌‌pressure‌‌controller:‌‌When‌‌the‌‌pressure‌‌value‌‌of‌‌the‌‌pressure‌‌controller‌‌is ‌‌ improperly‌‌adjusted‌‌or‌‌the‌‌spring‌‌and‌‌other‌‌components‌‌in‌‌the‌‌pressure‌‌controller‌‌fail,‌‌the‌‌pressure ‌‌ controller‌‌will‌‌act‌‌within‌‌the‌‌normal‌‌pressure‌‌range.‌‌So‌‌the‌‌normally‌‌closed‌‌contact‌‌will‌‌be ‌‌ disconnected,‌‌and‌‌the‌‌compressor‌‌is‌‌unable‌‌to‌‌start.‌  ‌  ‌ Remedy:‌‌Please‌‌open‌‌the‌‌box‌‌cover‌‌to‌‌see‌‌if‌‌the‌‌contacts‌‌can‌‌be‌‌connected,‌‌or‌‌use‌‌a‌‌multimeter‌‌to ‌‌ test‌‌whether‌‌it‌‌is‌‌connected.‌‌After‌‌manual‌‌reset,‌‌if‌‌the‌‌compressor‌‌still‌‌cannot‌‌start,‌‌please‌‌check ‌‌ whether‌‌the‌‌pressure‌‌of‌‌the‌‌system‌‌is‌‌too‌‌high‌‌or‌‌too‌‌low.‌‌If‌‌the‌‌pressure‌‌is‌‌normal‌‌and‌‌the‌‌pressure‌ ‌ controller‌‌trips,‌‌readjust‌‌the‌‌high‌‌and‌‌low‌‌pressure‌‌control‌‌range‌‌of‌‌the‌‌pressure‌‌controller‌‌or‌‌change ‌‌ the‌‌pressure‌‌controller.‌  ‌ 2.6‌‌Thermal‌‌Relay‌‌Failure ‌ ‌ Fault‌‌analysis‌‌of‌‌thermal‌‌relay:‌‌The‌‌contact‌‌of‌‌thermal‌‌relay‌‌trips‌‌or‌‌the‌‌heating‌‌resistance‌‌wire‌‌is ‌‌ burnt. ‌ ‌  ‌ Remedy:‌‌When‌‌the‌‌thermal‌‌relay‌‌contact‌‌trips,‌‌first‌‌check‌‌whether‌‌the‌‌setting‌‌current‌‌is‌‌appropriate, ‌‌ and‌‌press‌‌the‌‌manual‌‌reset‌‌button.‌‌If‌‌the‌‌compressor‌‌does‌‌not‌‌trip‌‌after‌‌starting‌‌the‌‌compressor,‌‌the ‌‌ cause‌‌of‌‌the‌‌overcurrent‌‌should‌‌be‌‌found‌‌out.‌‌After‌‌this‌‌problem‌‌is‌‌solved,‌‌press‌‌the‌‌reset‌‌button. ‌‌ When‌‌the‌‌heating‌‌resistance‌‌wire‌‌is‌‌broken,‌‌the‌‌thermal‌‌relay‌‌should‌‌be‌‌replaced. ‌ ‌ 3.‌‌Refrigerator‌‌Compressor‌‌Not‌‌to‌‌Start ‌ ‌

 ‌ Figure‌‌6:‌‌Diagram‌‌of‌‌refrigerator‌‌internal‌‌structure. ‌ ‌  ‌  ‌ Why‌‌does‌‌my‌‌refrigerator‌‌compressor‌‌not‌‌start?‌‌Have‌‌you‌‌ever‌‌encountered‌‌such‌‌a‌‌problem?‌‌The ‌‌ refrigerator‌‌compressor‌‌does‌‌not‌‌start‌‌which‌‌may‌‌be‌‌resolved‌‌according‌‌to‌‌the‌‌following‌‌methods: ‌ ‌  ‌ First,‌‌you‌‌need‌‌to‌‌check‌‌whether‌‌the‌‌power‌‌supply‌‌of‌‌the‌‌refrigerator‌‌is‌‌plugged‌‌in‌‌or‌‌whether‌‌the ‌‌ power‌‌supply‌‌of‌‌the‌‌refrigerator‌‌is‌‌loose.‌‌The‌‌refrigerator‌‌is‌‌easy‌‌to‌‌loosen‌‌after‌‌being‌‌used‌‌for‌‌a ‌‌ long‌‌time. ‌ ‌  ‌ The‌‌motor‌‌unit‌‌of‌‌the‌‌refrigerator‌‌compressor‌‌was‌‌burned.‌‌If‌‌this‌‌happens,‌‌the‌‌fuse‌‌of‌‌the ‌‌ compressor‌‌will‌‌blow.‌‌This‌‌is‌‌a‌‌common‌‌problem‌‌that‌‌the‌‌compressor‌‌does‌‌not‌‌start,‌‌and‌‌it‌‌needs‌‌to ‌‌ be‌‌replaced‌‌with‌‌a‌‌new‌‌fuse‌‌in‌‌time‌‌to‌‌repair‌‌it. ‌ ‌  ‌ The‌‌control‌‌circuit‌‌of‌‌the‌‌refrigerator‌‌is‌‌malfunctioning.‌‌The‌‌overheating,‌‌burning,‌‌and‌‌abrasion‌‌of‌‌the ‌‌ contacts‌‌will‌‌cause‌‌the‌‌refrigerator's‌‌control‌‌circuit‌‌board‌‌to‌‌short-circuit‌‌and‌‌other‌‌failures,‌‌and‌‌even ‌‌ lead‌‌to‌‌poor‌‌contact‌‌of‌‌the‌‌refrigerator‌‌compressor‌‌contacts.‌‌In‌‌this‌‌case,‌‌the‌‌circuit‌‌board‌‌needs‌‌to ‌‌ be‌‌replaced,‌‌and‌‌for‌‌safety,‌‌the‌‌electrical‌‌plug‌‌can‌‌also‌‌be‌‌replaced. ‌ ‌  ‌

Check‌‌whether‌‌the‌‌circuit‌‌voltage‌‌of‌‌the‌‌refrigerator‌‌is‌‌normal.‌‌If‌‌the‌‌circuit‌‌voltage‌‌of‌‌the‌‌refrigerator ‌‌ is‌‌lower‌‌than‌‌the‌‌set‌‌rated‌‌value,‌‌the‌‌motor‌‌of‌‌the‌‌refrigerator‌‌cannot‌‌start‌‌and‌‌will‌‌make‌‌a ‌‌ \"humming\"‌‌sound. ‌ ‌  ‌ Refrigerator‌‌compressor‌‌holding‌‌shaft‌‌problems‌‌are‌‌generally‌‌caused‌‌by‌‌lubricating‌‌oil.‌‌The ‌‌ lubricating‌‌oil‌‌circuit‌‌is‌‌blocked,‌‌the‌‌oil‌‌supply‌‌is‌‌interrupted,‌‌or‌‌the‌‌dirt‌‌in‌‌the‌‌lubricating‌‌oil‌‌increases ‌‌ the‌‌oil’s‌‌viscosity.‌‌Compressor‌‌jamming‌‌is‌‌due‌‌to‌‌the‌‌small‌‌fit‌‌clearance‌‌between‌‌the‌‌piston‌‌and‌‌the ‌‌ cylinder‌‌or‌‌due‌‌to‌‌thermal‌‌expansion.‌‌This‌‌situation‌‌can‌‌usually‌‌be‌‌solved‌‌by‌‌dripping‌‌lubricating‌‌oil. ‌ ‌ 4.‌‌Summary‌  ‌ Figure‌‌7:‌‌Refrigerator‌‌compressor. ‌ ‌  ‌  ‌ In‌‌daily‌‌life,‌‌the‌‌compressor‌‌should‌‌be‌‌protected,‌‌and‌‌regular‌‌inspection‌‌and‌‌maintenance‌‌should‌‌be ‌‌ carried‌‌out‌‌to‌‌extend‌‌its‌‌life.‌‌When‌‌you‌‌properly‌‌maintain‌‌your‌‌compressor,‌‌it‌‌will‌‌keep‌‌working‌‌in‌‌a ‌‌ consistent‌‌and‌‌reliable‌‌cooling‌‌method‌‌for‌‌a‌‌long‌‌time‌  ‌  ‌