GE700Es 2022 Environment

WASTE AND MATERIAL MANAGEMENT – APPENDIX A Appendix A – European Waste Catalogue six-digit list of wastes codes Section 17 – Construction and demolition waste 10 A six-figure list of wastes code for the type of waste being removed MUST be written on every waste transfer note (for example, skip/muck away tickets). 17 01 Concrete, bricks, tiles and ceramics 17 01 01 Concrete. 17 01 02 Bricks. 17 01 03 Tiles and ceramics. 17 01 06* Mixtures of, or separate fractions of concrete, bricks, tiles and ceramics containing hazardous substances. 17 01 07 Mixtures of concrete, bricks, tiles and ceramics other than those mentioned in 17 01 06. 17 02 Wood, glass and plastic 17 02 01 Wood. 17 02 02 Glass. 17 02 03 Plastic. 17 02 04* Glass, plastic and wood containing or contaminated with hazardous substances. 17 03 Bituminous mixtures, coal tar and tarred products 17 03 01* Bituminous mixtures containing coal tar. 17 03 02 Bituminous mixtures other than those mentioned in 17 03 01. 17 03 03* Coal tar and tarred products. 17 04 Metals (including their alloys) 17 04 01 Copper, bronze, brass. 17 04 02 Aluminium. 17 04 03 Lead. 17 04 04 Zinc. 17 04 05 Iron and steel. 17 04 06 Tin. 17 04 07 Mixed metals. 17 04 09* Metal waste contaminated with hazardous substances. 17 04 10* Cables containing oil, coal tar and other hazardous substances. 17 04 11 Cables other than those mentioned in 17 04 10. 17 05 Soil (including excavated soil from contaminated sites), stones and dredging spoil 17 05 03* Soil and stones containing hazardous substances. 17 05 04 Soil and stones other than those mentioned in 17 05 03. 17 05 05* Dredging spoil containing hazardous substances. 17 05 06 Dredging spoil other than those mentioned in 17 05 05. 17 05 07* Track ballast containing hazardous substances. 17 05 08 Track ballast other than those mentioned in 17 05 07. 17 06 Insulation materials and asbestos-containing construction materials 17 06 01* Insulation materials containing asbestos. 17 06 03* Other insulation materials consisting of or containing hazardous substances. 17 06 04 Insulation materials other than those mentioned in 17 06 01 and 17 06 03. 17 06 05* Construction materials containing asbestos. 17 08 Gypsum-based construction material 17 08 01* Gypsum-based construction materials contaminated with hazardous substances. 17 08 02 Gypsum-based construction materials other than those mentioned in 17 08 01. 17 09 Other construction and demolition wastes 17 09 01* Construction and demolition wastes containing mercury. 17 09 02* Construction and demolition wastes containing PCB (for example, PCB containing sealants, PCB-containing resin-based floorings and PCB-containing sealed glazing units). 17 09 03* Other construction and demolition wastes (including mixed wastes) containing hazardous substances. 17 09 04 Mixed construction and demolition wastes other than those mentioned in 17 09 01. Entries marked with * are either potentially hazardous (hazardous mirror entry) and will require testing to determine if hazardous properties are present or definitely hazardous (absolute) and must be disposed of as hazardous waste. 143

WASTE AND MATERIAL MANAGEMENT – APPENDIX B Appendix B – Example of a controlled waste transfer note 10 You must keep all controlled, non-hazardous waste transfer documentation for two years. 144

WASTE AND MATERIAL MANAGEMENT – APPENDIX C Appendix C – Example of a hazardous waste consignment note Form HWCN01v112 The Hazardous Waste Regulations 2005: Consignment Note PRODUCER’S/HOLDER’S/CONSIGNOR’S COPY (Delete as appropriate) PART A Notification details 1 Consignment note code: / 3 The waste will be taken to (name, address and postcode): 2 The waste described below is to be removed from (name, address, 4 The waste producer was (if different from 2) (name, address, postcode, telephone, e-mail, facsimile): postcode, telephone, e-mail, facsimile): PART B Description of the waste IIf continuation sheet used, tick here 1 The process giving rise to the waste(s) was: 2 SIC (2007) for the process giving rise to the waste: . / 3 WASTE DETAILS (where more than one waste type is collected all of the information given below must be completed for each EWC identified) Description of waste List of wastes Quantity The chemical/biological components in Physical form Hazard Container (EWC code)(6 digits) (kg) the waste and their concentrations are: (gas, liquid, solid, code(s) type, number powder, sludge and size Component Concentration or mixed) (% or mg/kg) The information given below is to be completed for each EWC identified EWC code UN identification Proper shipping name(s) UN class(es) Packing group(s) Special handling number(s) requirements PART C Carrier’s certificate PART D Consignor’s certificate (If more than one carrier is used, please attach schedule for subsequent carriers. If schedule of I certify that the information in A, B and C has been carriers is attached tick here. ) completed and is correct, that the carrier is registered or exempt and was advised of the appropriate precautionary I certify that I today collected the consignment and that the details in A2, A3 and B3 are measures. All of the waste is packaged and labelled correct and I have been advised of any specific handling requirements. correctly and the carrier has been advised of any special Where this note comprises part of a multiple collection the round number and collection number are: handling requirements. 1 Carrier name: / I confirm that I have fulfilled my duty to apply the waste hierarchy as required by Regulation 12 of the Waste (England and Wales) Regulations 2011. On behalf of (name, address, postcode, telephone, e-mail, facsimile): 1 Consignor name: On behalf of (name, address, postcode, telephone, e-mail, facsimile): 2 Carrier registration no./reason for exemption: 3 Vehicle registration no. (or mode of transport, if not road): Signature Signature Date D D M M Y Y Y Y Time H H M M Date D D M M Y Y Y Y Time H H M M PART E Consignee’s certificate (where more than one waste type is collected all of the information given below must be completed for each EWC) Individual EWC Quantity of each EWC code received (kg) EWC code Waste management operation (R or D code) code(s) received accepted/rejected 10 1 I received this waste at the address given in A3 on: Date D D M M Y Y Y Y Time H H M M 2 Vehicle registration no. (or mode of transport if not road): Name: 3 Where waste is rejected please provide details: On behalf of (name, address, postcode, telephone, e-mail, facsimile): I certify that waste permit/exempt waste operation number: Signature Time H H M M authorises the management of the waste described in B at the address Date D D M M Y Y Y Y given in A3. Where the consignment forms part of a multiple collection, as identified in Part C, I certify that the total number of consignments forming the collection are: HWCN01v112 You must keep all hazardous waste documentation for three years. 145

WASTE AND MATERIAL MANAGEMENT – APPENDIX D Appendix D – Waste flowcharts for the reuse of construction materials (soils and aggregates) The following three flowcharts will help you to decide whether use and reuse of soil and aggregate materials in construction works is a waste activity or not and what you need to do to ensure legal compliance whilst minimising the regulatory burden. These flowcharts may also assist you in completion of a SWMP when assessing reuse or recycling options during design and construction phases. These flowcharts are applicable in England and Wales. These flowcharts are not intended to cover exhaustive criteria of waste; however they do cover the typical scenarios that are commonly faced on construction and civil engineering projects. For simplicity, these flowcharts have been split up into three priority operations (see below and on the following pages). EA refers to the Environment Agency in England, and NRW refers to Natural Resources Wales in Wales. Materials arising from work to be reused on site Materials arising from work to be reused on site Clean excavated Contaminated soils/clay, all of which it materials can be confirmed will be reused on site of origin. Demolition materials/ See Waste Framework recycled aggregate Directive (WFD) definition for excluded materials Material excavated Suitable for use Requires treatment from a borrow pit (not without treatment to be suitable for use waste so no further action needed) Requires treatment to be suitable for use Suitable for use Other treatment without treatment (such as screening (not waste so no and blending) further action needed) Crushing Apply CL:AIRE CL:AIRE CoPv2 on site CoPv2 and/or permit required <5,000 T >5,000 T 10 Ensure crusher has a If applicable/available Part B mobile permit register a treatment Waste issued by the Local exemption (e.g. T5) Not waste Waste that does not Authority require regulation <5,000 T >5,000 T Environmental Always contact the local permit required EA or NRW environmental – Contact the management o icer/team EA or NRW to discuss your plans and keep a record of this communication Register a U1 Apply WRAP exemption with the quality protocol EA or NRW 146

WASTE AND MATERIAL MANAGEMENT – APPENDIX D Materials to be brought onto site Aggregate Materials to be brought Contaminated onto site materials Virgin aggregate from Recycled aggregate Clean excavated Contact the EA or a quarry (not waste so no soils or clay NRW to discuss treatment/permit further action needed) requirements WRAP quality protocol Not compliant with Clean soils/clay from Virgin soils/clay compliant aggregate WRAP quality another development site from a quarry (not protocol waste so no further action needed) Obtain and file <5,000 Tonnes >5,000 Tonnes <1,000 Tonnes >1,000 Tonnes written confirmation from supplier of WRAP quality protocol aggregates Register a Permit required Register U1 Apply CL:AIRE Permit required U1 exemption – Contact the exemption with CoPv2 – Contact the EA or NRW the EA or NRW EA or NRW with the EA or NRW Waste Always contact the local Not waste EA or NRW environmental management o icer/team to discuss your plans and keep a record of this communication 10 147

WASTE AND MATERIAL MANAGEMENT – APPENDIX D Materials to be sent o site Materials to be sent o site Sent to a waste Excess virgin materials recycling or disposal surplus to requirements, to be returned or used on facility another site (these are Standard duty of non-wastes) care applies but no further action Sent to another Excavated soils development site or clay needed for reuse Recycled aggregate suitable for use without processing (Processing would require a Part B permit for the crusher or T7 or T5 exemption) <5,000 Tonnes >5,000 Tonnes <1,000 Tonnes >1,000 Tonnes Ensure a U1 Comply with WRAP Does not Ensure a U1 Apply CL:AIRE Environmental exemption is in quality protocol for comply with exemption is in CoPv2 permit required WRAP quality – Contact the place by the production of place by the receiving site aggregates protocol receiving site EA or NRW Waste Maintain records in Permit Always contact the local Not waste accordance with required for EA or NRW environmental WRAP quality the receiving management o icer/team protocol for to discuss your plans and aggregates site keep a record of this communication 10 148

WASTE AND MATERIAL MANAGEMENT – APPENDIX E Appendix E – Waste exemption materials and thresholds Exemption U1 – Use of waste in construction This exemption is referenced in the Environmental Permitting Regulations and allows the use of suitable wastes for small-scale construction instead of using virgin raw materials. Construction for the purposes of this activity means: any building or engineering work, which includes the repair, alteration, maintenance or improvement of an existing work and preparatory or landscaping works. Land reclamation is only permissible under this exemption when it’s an integral part of a construction activity. What type of work can you do? Example work includes: ● using crushed bricks, concrete, rocks and aggregate to create a noise bund around a new development and then using soil to landscape it to enable grass to grow ● using road planings and rubble to build a track, road or car park ● using wood chip to construct a track, path or bridleway ● bringing in some soil from another place for use in landscaping at a housing development. Where can you carry out this activity? This can be done at any place that can comply with the environmental controls listed in the main limits and conditions. What can’t you do? You can’t: ● treat waste under this exemption to make it suitable for use ● dispose of waste under this exemption (you can only use waste types that are suitable for use and you should be able to justify the amount of waste that you use) ● use this exemption for land reclamation or disposal in a landfill (you must read the guidance on disposal vs. recovery RGN13: Defining waste recovery: Permanent deposit of waste on land and make sure that you are using the waste for recovery only) ● register this exemption more than once at any one place during the three-year period from first registration ● de-register this exemption and then re-register it at the same place within a three-year period ● store the waste for more than 12 months prior to use. What are the significant limits? 10 Each table (on the following pages) lists the waste types and quantities that can be used over a three-year period from the date of registering the exemption. You can use up to: ● 5,000 tonnes of any single waste stream or any combination of wastes in Table 1 ● 1,000 tonnes of any single waste stream or any combination of wastes in Table 2 ● 50,000 tonnes of any single waste stream or any combination of wastes in Table 3. What are the significant conditions? You may use a combination of wastes from Tables 1, 2 and 3 provided you do not exceed the limits for each table. Waste can’t be stored for longer than 12 months prior to use. There are three specific conditions to this exemption relating to certain wastes. These are outlined below and also in the relevant section of What waste can be used under this exemption? 1. Any person or company can use up to 1,000 tonnes of dredging spoil for any construction (within the 1,000 tonnes total for wastes from Table 2). Exception is made for the Environment Agency and other statutory authorities carrying out land drainage functions under the Land Drainage Act, the Water Resources Act or the Environment Act. These organisations may use up to 5,000 tonnes of dredging spoil for drainage work (within the 5,000 tonnes total for wastes from Table 1). 2. You can use 1,000 tonnes of wood chip (or similar waste) or road planings to construct tracks, paths, bridleways or car parks only (within the 1,000 tonnes total for wastes from Table 2). The waste must be processed into chipped form prior to use. 3. If you are constructing a road you can use 50,000 tonnes of road planings and road sub-base. The road should be constructed to a specific engineering standard and have a sealed surface in order to qualify for the higher limit. 149

WASTE AND MATERIAL MANAGEMENT – APPENDIX E What waste can be used under this exemption? Table 1 You can use up to 5,000 tonnes in total of the wastes below for any construction activity. Codes Waste types 01 01 02 Waste from mineral non-metalliferous excavation. 01 04 08 Waste gravel and crushed rock other than those mentioned in 01 04 07*. 01 04 09 Waste sand and clays. 02 02 02 Shellfish shells from which the soft tissue or flesh has been removed only. 10 12 08 Waste ceramics, bricks, tiles and construction products (after thermal processing). 10 13 14 Waste concrete and concrete sludge. 17 01 01 Concrete. 17 01 02 Bricks. 17 01 03 Tiles and ceramics. 17 01 07 Mixtures of concrete, bricks, tiles and ceramics other than those mentioned in 17 01 06*. 17 05 08 Track ballast other than those mentioned in 17 05 07*. 19 12 05 Glass. 19 12 09 Minerals (for example sand and stones). 19 12 12 Aggregates only. Within the 5,000 tonnes total for use of wastes in Table 1, you can only use the waste below for drainage work carried out for the purposes of the Land Drainage Act 1991(1), the Water Resources Act 1991 or the Environment Act 1995. This is work that can only be carried out by drainage authorities (such as Inland Drainage Boards, Local Authorities or environment agencies). Codes Waste types 17 05 06 Dredging spoil other than those mentioned in 17 05 05*. Table 2 You can use up to 1,000 tonnes in total of the wastes below for construction purposes. Codes Waste types 02 03 99, 02 04 01 Soil from cleaning and washing fruit and vegetables only. Soil and stones other than those mentioned in 17 05 03*. 17 05 04 Dredging spoil other than those mentioned in 17 05 05*. Solid wastes from soil remediation other than those mentioned in 19 13 01*. 17 05 06 Soil and stones. 10 19 13 02 20 02 02 Within the 1,000 tonnes total for use of wastes from Table 2, you can only use the waste below for the construction of tracks, paths, bridleways or car parks. The waste must be processed into chipped form prior to use. Codes Waste types 17 03 02 Bituminous mixtures other than those mentioned in 17 03 01*. 02 01 03 Plant tissue waste. 03 01 01, 03 03 01 Untreated waste bark, cork and wood only. 03 01 05 Untreated wood including sawdust, shavings and cuttings from untreated wood only. 17 02 01 Untreated wood only. 19 12 07 Untreated wood other than those mentioned in 19 12 06* only. 20 01 38 Untreated wood other than those mentioned in 20 01 37* only. * For waste codes beginning with 17 refer to Appendix A; for all other codes refer directly to the European Waste Catalogue. 150

WASTE AND MATERIAL MANAGEMENT – APPENDIX E Table 3 You can use up to 50,000 tonnes in total of the wastes below only for the construction of roads. The roads should be constructed to a specific engineering standard and have a sealed surface in order to qualify for this larger limit. Codes Waste types 17 03 02 Bituminous mixtures other than those mentioned in 17 03 01*. 17 05 04 Road sub-base only. * Refer to Appendix A. Exemption T5 – Screening and blending of waste This exemption allows temporary small-scale treatment of wastes to produce an aggregate or a soil at a place (such as a construction or demolition site). What type of work does this cover? Example work includes: ● screening of soils on a demolition site to remove wood and rubble before sending the soils to a construction site for reuse ● blending of soils and compost that has been produced under an exemption on a construction site to produce a better soil for landscaping works on that site ● crushing wastes (except bricks, tiles and concrete) prior to screening or blending ● grading of waste concrete after crushing to produce a required type of aggregate. Where can this activity be carried out? You can treat waste on the site where it is: ● to be used (for example, on a construction site) ● produced (for example, on a demolition site). What can’t you do? 10 You can’t: ● import waste, treat it and then export it elsewhere* ● treat waste where the main purpose is disposal to landfill or incineration ● crush waste tiles, bricks or concrete (this comes under a T7 exemption, which must be registered with the Local Authority) ● treat hazardous waste. * This applies even if the treated aggregate meets the quality protocol standard and will no longer be considered as waste. What are the significant limits? ● You can store or treat up to 50,000 tonnes of bituminous mixtures for making road stone over a three-year period from the date of registering the exemption. ● You can store or treat up to 5,000 tonnes of other wastes (listed on the following page) over a three-year period from the date of registering the exemption. ● Waste can only be stored for up to 12 months. What are the significant conditions? Treatment can only be carried out at the place where the waste is to be used or where the waste is produced. This applies even if the resultant material is no longer considered to be waste. What else do you need to know? When you have treated the waste the options available are: ● if the treated waste meets the requirements of a waste quality protocol (the quality protocols – WRAP) then it will no longer be considered a waste ● use the treated waste, subject to the significant conditions above, under a use exemption or environmental permit. 151

WASTE AND MATERIAL MANAGEMENT – APPENDIX E What waste can be treated under this exemption? Codes Waste types 01 04 08 Waste gravel and crushed rocks other than those mentioned in 01 04 07.* 01 04 09 Waste sand and clays. 02 02 02 Shellfish shells from which the soft tissue or flesh have been removed only. 03 01 01 Untreated waste bark and cork only. 03 03 01 Untreated waste bark and wood. 10 01 01 Bottom ash, slag and boiler dust (excluding boiler dust mentioned in 10 01 04*). 10 01 15 Bottom ash, slag and boiler dust from co-incineration other than those mentioned in 10 01 14.* 17 01 01 Concrete. 17 01 02 Bricks. 17 01 03 Tiles and ceramics. 17 01 07 Mixtures of concrete, bricks, tiles and ceramics other than those mentioned in 17 01 06.* 17 02 01 Untreated wood only. 17 03 02 Bituminous mixtures other than those mentioned in 17 03 01.* 17 05 04 Soil and stones other than those mentioned in 17 05 03.* 17 05 06 Dredging spoil other than those mentioned in 17 05 05.* 17 05 08 Track ballast other than those mentioned in 17 05 07.* 19 05 99 Compost produced pursuant to a treatment described in the paragraphs numbered T23 or T26 of Chapter 2 only. 19 12 05 Glass. 19 12 09 Aggregates only. 19 12 12 Gypsum recovered from construction materials only. 19 13 02 Solid wastes from soil remediation other than those mentioned in 19 13 01.* 19 13 04 Sludges from remediation other than those mentioned in 19 13 03.* 20 02 02 Soil and stones. * For waste codes beginning with 17 refer to Appendix A; for all other codes refer directly to the European Waste Catalogue. 10 152

Index 153

INDEX carbon emissions 10, 28, 29, 30 carbon footprints 25, 26, 27, 28, 35, 36, 37 abatement notices 9, 70 carbon measurement 28 abstraction licences 83, 84, 97 carbon reduction case studies 35–8 acid rain 6 Carbon Reduction Commitment Energy E icient Scheme 24, 26 Acorn scheme 17 Carbon Trust 27 acoustic enclosures 76 cavity wall insulation 30 aggregates, recycled 27, 103 CEEQUAL (Civil Engineering Environmental Quality Assessment see also crushed secondary aggregate and Award Scheme) 11, 12, 28, 97, 98 air pollution 70–3, 123 cement 81, 82, 86 cemeteries see burial grounds see also Local Authority Air Pollution Control (LAAPC); Central Point of Expertise on Timber see CPET Spotlight on air pollution CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons) 5, 7 chain of custody (COC) 99–100, 105 air quality 9, 10, 21, 70, 71 chemical pollution 5, 81 air source heat pumps 29, 30 chemical storage 89 air tightness 26, 30, 31 circular economy (CE) 96 aircraft crash sites 44 civil law 8 Amenity Lands Act (Northern Ireland) 48, 50 CL:AIRE (Contaminated Land: Applications in Real Environments) amphibians and reptiles 53, 62–3 anaerobic digestion (AD) 29 102–3, 110, 116, 124, 139 Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 40, 43 Clean Air Act 9, 68, 70 anthrax 119 Clean Air (Northern Ireland) Order 68 archaeology and heritage climate change 3, 5, 25, 97, 123 Climate Change Act 2, 8, 24, 25, 94 legislation and guidance 40 Climate Change (Scotland) Act 2, 24, 94 management of 45 COC (chain of custody) 99–100, 105 protected sites 42–5 cold bridging 31 unexpected discoveries 45–6 combined heat and power (CHP) 29 Areas of outstanding natural beauty (AONB) 50 community liaison 77–8 Areas of special protection for birds (AOSPs) 50 concrete 5, 35, 36, 37, 38, 81, 82, 129, 137, 143, 150, 151 Areas of special scientific interest (ASSI) 50–1 concrete washout 86 asbestos 5, 118–19, 139–41 consents 152 badgers 54, 60, 62 discharge consents 84–5 bats 53, 55, 61, 62 flood defence 85 batteries 142 noise 74–5 BES 6001 97 scheduled monuments 43 best practical means, definition 70 septic tanks 85 biodiversity 6, 10, 51–2 to work near water 10 biogenetic reserves 50 see also permits biomass heating 29 conservation areas 44–5 birds 51, 53, 55, 61, 62 Conservation (Natural Habitats etc) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 48 booms 90 Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 48, 51, 53 boot washing facilities 82, 87 Considerate Constructors Scheme (CCS) 68, 78 BREEAM (Building Research Establishment’s Environmental consignment notes (hazardous waste) 124, 133–4, 140, 145 Construction 2025: industrial strategy for construction 4, 10, 13, 25, 96 Assessment Method) 4, 11, 95, 97, 98, 100 construction environmental management plan (CEMP) 20–1 British Agrochemical Supply Industry Scheme (BASIS) 59 Construction Industry Research and Information Association British Waterways 10 (CIRIA) 4, 96 brownfield sites 45, 103, 109, 112–3, 118 Construction Leadership Council (CLC) 4, 8 BS 5228 68, 74 Construction logistics and community safety (CLOCS) 74 BS 5837 56 construction sustainability assessment tools 11–13 BS 6472 76 contaminated land BS 7385 68, 76 definition 109 BS 8485 108 health considerations 118–9 BS 8555 17 local environmental issues 5 BS 8902 97 management of 113–8 BS 10175 108, 114 permits 135–6 Builders’ book 33–4 regulations 112 building preservation notices 43 regulatory bodies 9, 111 Building Regulations 2, 4, 8, 10, 24, 32 waste management 102, 116–7 Building Research Establishment (BRE) 97 Contaminated Land Regulations 108, 112 contaminated soil 59, 110, 116, 128, 129, 130, 136 see also BREEAM (Building Research Establishment’s contaminated water see water pollution Environmental Assessment Method) Control of Asbestos Regulations 108, 118 Control of Pesticides Regulations 48, 59 Burial Act 40, 44 Control of Pollution Act 68, 69, 74 burial grounds 44 Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH) Regulations 2 Burrowbridge bank (carbon reduction case study) 37 Cadw 10, 42, 43, 44 Canal and River Trust 10 CAR (Controlled Activities Regulations) 85, 99 carbon dioxide 5, 25, 115 154

INDEX controlled waste 59, 132–3 embodied energy 28 transfer notes 124, 132, 144 endangered species 52–3 energy, renewable 29–30 Controlled Waste (England and Wales) Regulations 122 energy e iciency 31–3 Controlled Waste (Registration of Carriers and Seizure of Vehicles) energy management Regulations 122, 132 conservation on site 27 country parks 50 energy performance in buildings 29–35 Countryside Acts 48 government incentives and certification schemes 26–7 Countryside and Rights of Way Act 48, 50 legislation and guidance 24 CPET (Central Point of Expertise on Timber) 100 measurement of usage 28–9 crayfish 58, 61, 63 energy performance certificates (EPCs) 10, 32 criminal law 8 energy reduction targets 10 crushed secondary aggregate 141 enforcement powers, of environmental agencies 9 environment Dark Smoke (Permitted Periods) Regulations 68, 70 definition 5 DECs (display energy certificates) 32 regulatory framework 7–10 Definition of Waste Code of Practice (DoWCoP) 102, 109, 116, 117 and sustainable development 3 deforestation 6, 52 Environment Act 9, 108 demolition and refurbishment information data sheets (DRIDS) 101 environment agencies 8–9 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) 8 Environment Agency 8, 26, 28, 58, 70, 82, 83, 84, 86, 102, 111, 123 Department for Communities and Local Government (DCLG) 40 environment regulators see environment agencies; local Department for Communities (Northern Ireland) 10, 42, 43 authorities Department for Environment, Food and Rural A airs (DEFRA) 2, 8, environmental aspects 19 environmental documentation 21–2 59, 71, 72, 104, 108, 110 environmental impact assessments 9 deposit gauges 72 environmental indicators 3 Design for manufacture and assembly (DfMA) 95 environmental issues 5–7 designated wrecks 44 Environmental Liability (Prevention and Remediation) (Amendment) dewatering excavations 84, 86, 117 Regulations 108 di icult waste 130 Environmental Liability (Scotland) Regulations 108 discharge consents 82, 84–5 environmental management plan (EMP) 45 discoveries, archaeological 46 environmental management systems (EMS) 16–20, 97 display energy certificates (DECs) 32 environmental manager, responsibilities of 20 Disused Burial Grounds Act 40, 44 environmental monitoring and inspection records 22 documentation see consents; environmental documentation; environmental performance improvement 21 Environmental Permitting Regulations 48, 68, 70, 80, 83, 84, 122, permits; waste carrier registration; waste transfer 130, 134, 135, 136, 137, 149 documentation Environmental Protection Act 2, 24, 48, 59, 64, 68, 69–70, 77, 80, 81, dormice 53, 62 94, 108, 112, 122, 128, 132, 137 drainage systems 82, 84, 86, 90 environmental responsibilities 20 environmental risks 19 see also sustainable drainage system (SuDS) environmental stakeholders 7 DRIDS (demolition and refurbishment information data sheets) 101 environmental targets 10 drip trays 90 ESOS (Energy Savings Opportunity Scheme) Regulations 24, 26–7 dust EU Energy E iciency Directive 24 EU Groundwater Directives 83 management of 71–2 EU Habitats Directive 51, 53 mobile crushing plant 70 EU Timber Regulations 94, 99–100 silica 72 European Network of Construction Companies for Research and as statutory nuisance 69, 70 Development (ENCORD) 28 duty of care 19, 21, 59, 82, 86, 91, 110, 111, 112, 117, 123, 124, 127, 131, European Waste Catalogue (EWC) 128, 143 132, 133, 139, 141, 142 exemptions burning of plant waste 71 earth science conservation review (ESCR) 50 septic tanks 82 ecological impact assessment 49 waste management 124, 125, 135, 136–7, 138–9, 149–52 ecology water abstraction 83–4 exhaust emissions 5, 72 adverse e ects of construction work 65 explosives 119 avoidance of damage to 49–50 extinction debt 6 designated sites 50–1 extinction risk 52 invasive species 58–9 legislation and guidance 48 feed in tari s (FITs) 30 promoting biodiversity 51–2 fencing protected species and habitats 53–7 regulatory bodies 52 and archaeological sites 45 Wildlife year planner 60–3 and invasive species 59 EDOC (electronic duty of care) 133 for nature conservation 54–5 e luent 5, 81, 82, 84–5, 86, 128 see also trade e luents 155 electrical and electronic equipment 141 electronic duty of care (EDOC) 133 EMAS (EU Eco-management and audit scheme) 17

INDEX inert waste 103, 124, 128, 129, 139 Ingsbeck flood alleviation scheme 103 fires 71 insulation quality 30 Flood and Water Management Act 10, 80, 85 Internal Drainage Boards 10 flood defence consents (FDC) 85, 135 International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) 52 flood prevention 99, 102 invasive species 58–9, 64, 130 fly-tipping 123 IPCC (intergovernmental panel on climate change) 25 food waste 131 ISO 14001 17, 18, 96, 97, 98 Forest Law Enforcement, Governance and Trade (FLEGT) 99–100 ISO 20400 Sustainable Procurement 2, 4, 5 Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) 6, 100 ISO 50001 26–8 forests see deforestation; timber ISO/IEC 17025 114 fossil fuels 6, 25 Framework standard for the responsible sourcing of construction Japanese knotweed 58–9, 64 Joint Nature and Conservation Committee (JNCC) 52 products (BES 6001) 101 fuel storage 88–9 landfill 4, 10, 22, 59, 70, 135, 140 fuels 5–6, 25, 30, 72, 82, 83, 118 banned waste 130 fumes 69, 73 costs of 102, 114, 123 waste acceptance procedures 129 gas membranes 115–16 gases 5, 6, 69 Landfill Regulations 122, 130 lay down areas 74 see also fumes; greenhouse gas emissions; vapours Lead Local Flood Authorities (LLFAs) 10, 80 geological conservation review (GCR) 50 lead pollution 5 giant hogweed 58, 59 lead works 113 global environmental issues 5–7 LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) 12–13, 97 global warming 25 legislation and guidance, and the environment 7–8 Government Construction Strategy 2016-20 5 licences see consents; permits government departments 8 life cycle assessment (LCA) 96 great crested newts 53, 54–5, 60, 62 light pollution 5, 77 Green Building Council (GBC) 32 listed buildings 40, 43 Green Construction Board 4, 8, 16, 25, 96 litter 5 Green guide to specification 97 local air pollution control (LAPC) 123 greenfield land 109 local authorities greenhouse gas emissions 8, 10, 25 ground source heat pumps 29–30 air quality 70 groundwater 65, 81, 82, 83, 84, 113 archaeological finds 45 Groundwater Regulations 80, 83 conservation areas 44 gypsum and plasterboard waste 130 contaminated land 111, 112 environmental responsibilities 7, 9–10 habitat action plans 51 special protection areas 53 habitat destruction 6, 51, 65 statutory nuisance 69–70, 74–6 habitat protection 53–5 tree and hedgerow protection 55–6 handovers, of buildings 32–3 waste management 123 hazardous waste Local Authority Air Pollution Control (LAAPC) 9 Local Authority Nature Reserves (LANRs) 50 asbestos 139–41 local biodiversity action plans 51 consignment notes 124, 133–4, 140, 145 local environment issues 5 disposal of 129 Local nature reserves (LNRs) 50 identifying 128–9 low carbon renewable energy 29 transfer of 124, 133–4 Low Carbon Routemap 25 see also controlled waste; di icult waste Hazardous Waste Regulations 48, 59, 91, 122, 129, 133 macerators 131 HBCD (hexabromocyclododecane) 131 Marine nature reserves (MNRs) 50 Health and Safety Executive 10 materials management plan (MMP) 102–3, 116 hedgerows 55–6 methane 5, 115 Hedgerows Regulations 48, 55 military crash sites and shipwrecks 44 herbicides 59, 64 mining waste 135 heritage 39–46 Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government heritage statement 41 Highways Act 68, 71 (MHCLG) 8 Highways Agency 103 mobile crushing plant 70 Himalayan balsam 58, 59 mobile treatment permit 116, 136 Historic England 10, 42–3 monuments see scheduled monuments Historic Environment Scotland 10, 42–3 mud 73, 74, 89 Historic Monuments and Archaeological Objects (Northern Ireland) Order 44 National Community Wood Recycling Project 126 human remains 44, 45 National Joint Utilities Group (NJUG) 56 hydrocarbons 6, 115 National nature reserves (NNRs) 50 hydro-electricity 29 IEMA Acorn scheme 17 156

INDEX National Park Authorities 43 water pollution National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 48, 50 Pollution Control and Local Government (Northern Ireland) Order Natural England 10, 52, 53, 54 Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 52 68 natural resource protection 3 pollution incident response plans 90–1 Natural Resources Wales 8, 52, 53, 54, 58, 70, 80, 82, 102, 111, 123, 140 Pollution Prevention Control Act 68, 70 nature conservation, regulatory bodies 52 post occupancy evaluation (POE) 33 nature conservation review (NCR) 50 procurement 3, 11, 16, 95, 100 Neighbourhoods and Environment Act (Northern Ireland) 77 NGOs (non-governmental organisations) 7 see also sustainable sourcing of materials nitrous oxide 5 Programme for the Endorsement of Forest Certification (PEFC) 6, noise 100 consents 74–5 project environmental aspects register 19 management of 75–6 protected monuments, buildings and sites 42–5 as statutory nuisance 69–70 Protection of Badgers Act 48, 54 non-native species secretariat (NNSS) 58 Protection of Military Remains Act 40, 44 non-road mobile machinery (NRMM) 29, 72 Protection of Wrecks Act 40, 44 Northern Ireland Environment Agency 8, 52, 53, 54, 70, 82, 111, 123 Quarry Products Association (QPA) 103 Nottingham left bank (carbon reduction casy study) 36 nuisance see statutory nuisance Radcot weir (carbon reduction case study) 37–8 radiation 5, 119 occupational health, and contaminated land 118–9 Radioactive Contaminated Land Regulations 108, 112 odours 5, 69, 70, 73 radon (RN) 115 oil pollution 6, 81, 87 rainforest see deforestation oil refineries 113 rainwater harvesting 98 oil storage 87–9 Ramsar sites 50 otters 60, 63 recycled aggregates 103 ozone layer depletion 7 recycling parks and gardens 44 of waste materials 10, 124–5, 146–8 PAS 2080 Carbon management in infrastructure 27 see also National Community Wood Recycling Project Passivhaus buildings 31 Red list of threatened species 52 performance gap 31–2 red squirrels 53, 63 performance measurement 32–3 reinforcing steel 100 permits renewable energy 29–30 renewable heat incentives (RHI) 30, 100 asbestos waste 140 reptiles 53, 61, 63 contaminated land 116 resource depletion 6 discharge consents 21, 82–3, 84–5 resource e iciency and environment agencies 9 legislation and guidance 94 groundwater work 82, 85, 134 life cycle assessment 96 and local authorities 7, 9, 70, 123 overview 95 mobile crushing plant 21, 70–1, 111, 137 reuse and recycling 100–4 mobile treatment permit 110, 111, 116, 136 sourcing of materials 96–9 recycled aggregates 103 sustainable use of materials 13 for septic tanks 82, 85 respiratory protective equipment (RPE) 118 sewage disposal 87 reuse of excavated soil 104 waste carriers’ licences 131–2 RICS SKA rating online assessment tool 13 waste management 122, 123, 124, 125, 127, 130, 134–8, 151 risk assessment, of contaminated land 113–4 waste transfer 21 Rivers Agency (Northern Ireland) 85 water discharge 86 Royal Academy of Engineering 96 see also abstraction licences; Environmental Permitting run-o 5, 50, 56, 65, 83, 88, 99 Regulations; exemptions Sandford bridge (carbon reduction case study) 35 persistent organic pollutants (POPs) 119, 131 scheduled monuments 43 personal hygiene 118 Scottish Environment Protection Agency 8, 58, 70, 80, 82, 83, 84, personal protective clothing (PPE) 118 Personal Protective Equipment at Work Regulations 118 85, 111, 123, 133 pesticide manufacturing 113 Scottish Natural Heritage 10, 52, 53, 54, 58 Pesticides Act 48, 59 septic tanks 82, 85, 87 photovoltaic power see solar photovoltaic (PV) sewage 81, 87 pine martens 63 silica dust 72 Planning (Northern Ireland) Order 48, 55 silt pollution 5, 81, 82, 87, 88 planning authorities 7, 9, 43, 44 site environment management systems 15–22 planning law 40-1 site waste management plan (SWMP) 116, 117, 126–7, 146 PlantTracker project 58 sites of special scientific interest (SSSI) 50–1 Police and Criminal Evidence (PACE) Act 9 slurry 5, 81 pollution see air pollution; contaminated land; light pollution; smoke 5, 70 soft landings 26, 32–3 soil, reuse of excavated 104 157

INDEX washing facilities 118 Waste (England and Wales) Regulations 122, 124, 136 soil contamination 56 Waste (Scotland) Regulations 122, 131 soil management waste acceptance procedures 129 Waste and Contaminated Land (Amendment) Act 108 business benefits of 111 Waste and Contaminated Land Order 122, 137 contaminated land 109–10, 112–17 waste avoidance protocols 139 importance of soil 110 waste batteries 142 legislation and guidance 108 Waste Batteries and Accumulators Regulations 122, 142 protection measures 111 waste carrier registration 131–2 solar photovoltaic (PV) 29 waste carriers’ licences 123, 124 solar thermal hot water 29 waste controls, and local authorities 9 special areas of conservation (SAC) 50–1, 53 waste duty of care 131–3 special protection areas (SPAs) 50–1, 53 waste electrical and electronic equipment 141 Special Waste Regulations 122, 129, 133 Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Regulations 141 spill kits 82, 83, 90–1 waste exemption materials and thresholds 149–52 spillage of materials 5 waste flowcharts for reuse of construction materials 146–8 Spotlight on air pollution 78 Waste Framework Directive (WFD) 103, 123, 124, 128 standard assessment process (SAP) calculation 32 waste management statutory nuisance air pollution 70–3 defining waste 128 community liaison 77–8 describing and classifying waste 128–30 definition 69 di icult waste 130 legislation and guidance 68–70 duty of care 131 light pollution 77 environmental targets 10 and local authorities 9 exemptions 102, 124, 125, 138–9, 149–52 noise 74–6 hierarchy 124–6 transport 73–4 legislation and guidance 122 vibration 76–7 overview 123 Strategic Forum for Construction (SFfC) 27 permits 125, 134–8 Strategic plan for biodiversity 2011-20 52 recycling 101, 124–6, 146–8 Strategy for sustainable construction 27 site waste management plan (SWMP) 126–7 Surface Waters (Fishlife) (Classification) (Scotland) Amendment standard industry classification (SIC) 124 Regulations 108 technical competence 136 surplus materials 95, 124, 128 see also Definition of Waste Code of Practice (DoWCoP) sustainable communities 3 waste management licensing (Northern Ireland and Scotland) sustainable construction 137–8 assessment tools 11–3 waste regulation authorities 123 government strategy 4–5 Waste Regulations (England and Wales) 131 legislation and guidance 2 Waste Regulations (Northern Ireland) 122 sustainable consumption 3 waste transfer documentation 21, 22, 87, 124, 129, 132–3, 141 sustainable development 3 waste treatment 124, 130–1 sustainable drainage system (SuDS) 99 wastes codes 143 sustainable sourcing of materials 96–9 Water (Northern Ireland) Order 80 Water Abstraction and Impounding (Exemptions) Regulations 80 textile and dye works 113 Water Abstraction and Impounding (Licensing) Regulations 80 timber, and chain of custody 99, 105 Water Act 80 toilets 87, 98, 118 Water and Sewerage Services (Northern Ireland) Order 80 topsoil 104, 110 water companies 10, 111 Town and Country Planning Acts 48, 55 water depletion 6 trade e luents 81, 86 water e iciency 97 tra ic management plan 73–4 Water Environment and Water Services (Scotland) Act 80, 83 transport 73–4 Water Environment (Controlled Activities) Regulations 80, 83, 85 treasure 44–5 Water Environment (Miscellaneous) Regulations 80 tree and hedgerow protection 55–7 Water Industry Act 80, 84 tree preservation orders (TPOs) 9, 48, 55 water management and pollution control Trees in relation to construction (BS 5837) 56 abstraction 82, 83–4 consents 84–5 UK Green Building Council (UKGBC) 4 disposal 86–7 underground services, and archaeological sites 45 environmental targets 10 US Green Building Council (GBC) 12 groundwater 82–3 legislation and guidance 80 vapours 5, 73 overview 81–2 see also emissions; fumes; gases pollution incident response plans 90–1 pollution prevention 87–9 vehicle washing facilities 82, 87, 98 water treatment 86 vehicles see tra ic management plan water pollution vibration 45, 76–7 discharge consents 84–5 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) 115 voluntary partnership agreements (VPA) 99 158

INDEX and disposal 86 and local environment 5 overview 81–2 records of 88 Water Resources Act 80, 81, 83 water scarcity 97–8 water use and conservation 98 water voles 53, 60, 63 Weeds Act 48, 59 Weybridge 24-hour mooring (carbon reduction case study) 35–6 wildlife adverse e ects of construction work 65 avoidance of damage to 49–50 biodiversity 51–2 designated sites 50–1 endangered species 52–3 invasive species 58–9, 64 protected species and habitats 53–5 trees and hedgerows 55–7 Wildlife year planner 60–3 Wildlife (Amendment) (Northern Ireland) Order 48, 53, 64 Wildlife and Countryside (Amendment) Act 48, 50–1, 53–5, 58, 64 Wildlife and Natural Environment Act 48 Wildlife refuges 50 Wildlife year planner 60–3 wind energy 29 wood see timber working hours, and noise 75 workmanship 30 World Commission on Environment and Development 5 WRAP (Waste Resources Action Programme) 2, 4, 96, 103, 110, 124, 139 wrecks 44 zero carbon 10, 30 Zero Carbon Hub 32, 33 zero waste 95 see also resource e iciency 159

SITE SAFETY PLUS Construction site safety ES: Environment This section is dedicated to the management of environmental issues related to the construction industry and includes information to raise energy It explains what the law requires, what needs to be done and practical advice on how to implement and maintain the controls needed to manage the basics on site, as well as in more challenging environments. Site environmental awareness training scheme (SEATS®), a one-day course for supervisors. ‘We are happy to recommend this course to our contractors.’ Gary Haley, Environment Agency. SEATS is a registered trade mark of the Construction Industry Training Board. @ citb.co.uk/GE700companion V9/22