P.E Grade 8

Finally, you have made it to this part! This is now your chance to show enveryone that you can demonstrate the different skills in baseball/softballl as you play with your classmates/family/friends. After playing, your task of accomplishing your final product is up next! Don‟t waste this opportunity because there are no second chances! Your performance and product will be graded accordingly to the given criteria.Activity 1: Mini-Team Sport Tournament (Assessment of Performance) This activity aims to finally let you synthesize and apply what you havetheoretically and practically learned in the previous phases of the learning sequence.Decision making, critical thinking and sportsmanship will be revealed and developed.Your performance during this activity will be rated according to the following criteria:Appropriateness of Skills, Execution of Skills and Behavior during Performance.You will need:  baseball and softball balls  diamond and playing area  teams or groups  a good pair of playing shoes  proper playing outfit  score sheetSkills to be demonstrated:  batting  throwing and catching  base running  postive manners and behavior while playing  execution of other offensive and defensive skills 100

Procedure;1. Form three groups.Group 1 and 2 will play first; group 3 officiates the game. Rotation will be made so that all groups will be able to play and officiate. Make sure that participation among your teammates be maximized. You may consider a quarter of 8 minutes only to allow rotation of roles among all 3 groups in your class. Here is the schedule of games and officials: Game 1 Group 1 Vs. Group 2 Officials: Group 3 Game 2 Group 2 Vs. Group 3 Officials: Group 1 Game 3 Group 3 Vs. Group 1 Officials: Group 2HERE’S HOW YOUR PERFORMANCE WILL BE ASSESSED IN THIS ACTIVITYWeight Proficiency in the Execution Ability to Adapt a Skill to a Behavior in Playing Team Sport 5 of Skills Certain Sport Situation 4 30% 40% 30% 3 MATURE: Highly disciplined and 2 MASTERFUL: Able to use SKILLFUL: Demonstrates able to demonstrate knowledge and skills powerful and skillful execution appropriate behavior towards 1 automatically, effectively and of the game skills with high the game, players and game efficiently in diverse game level of confidence officials situations SENSITIVE: Disciplined and able SKILLED:Completely able to COMPETENT: Demonstrates to demonstrate appropriate use knowledge and skills in the game skills with confidence behavior towards the game, diverse game situations players and game officials PRACTITIONER: Demonstrates AWARE: Generally ABLE: Has limited but general level of coordination demonstrates proper behavior growing ability to use and competence in the towards the game, player and knowledge and skills in execution of game skills with game officials diverse game situations limited but growing confidence APPRENTICE: Demonstrates DECENTERING: Has some APPRENTICE: Relies on a limited coordination and capacity for self-discipline but is limited repertoire of competence in the execution of still limited to own reactions and knowledge and skills; has game skills, with low level of attitudes towards the game, limited use of judgment and confidence players, and game officials responsiveness to game situations. NOVICE: Has very low or no EGOCENTRIC: Has little or no NOVICE: Can perform only coordination in demonstrating consideration to the rules of the with coaching and relies on game skills; has very low level game; behaves untowardly and highly directed skill or no confidence at all has no respect for other players execution, procedures and and game officials game approaches 101

Activity 2. Team sports family journal (Assessment of Product) This activity will encourage you to involve your family in playing team sports . This isa form of fitness activity wherein you prepare a documentary of your family‟sengagement in team sports.You will need:  team sports photographs of you and your family  coloring materials  folders/card boards, etc.  writing/printing materials  adhesives/glues  anything that could be used for collage, recyclable materials/old magazines)  computer and computer programs (Movie-maker, Photoshop, Powerpoint, Nero, etc.)  camera  blank CD/sSkills to be demonstrated:  Uniqueness and originality  Creativity and resourcefulness  Deep understanding of the benefits derived from participating in team sports  Involving the family in team sports endeavorsProcedure: 1. Gather some pictures or videos of your family‟s team sports activities. Prepare a documentary by organizing them in a portfolio or scrapbook or any other presentation you wish to do. You are also encouraged to have it digitally presented (videograph, powerpoint presentation, movie maker presentation, etc.). 2. Don‟t forget to put descriptions or captions in each documented activity. Your descriptions/captions may include the team sport played, date and place it was taken and the like. 3. The last page or final slide, in case you prefer digital presentation, should include your insights gained from participating in baseballor softball and team sports in general and the benefits that the learner and the family as a whole gained from engaging in it. 4. Your uniqueness, creativity,and resourcefulness will be challenged through this activity so don‟t waste your chance. Go and start your masterpiece! 102

Criteria for Assessment:Content and relevance of pictures presented 30%Creativity, resourcefulness and quality of presentation 30%Understanding (benefits of team sports to family fitness wellness) 40% 100%NOTE: In case you have nofamily pictures or videos, youcan cut out pictures of wellknown/prominent sports iconthen organized it in a portfolioor scrap/tbook or any otherpresentation you wish to do. 103

APPENDIX A Lecture on baseball and softballHISTORY OF BASEBALL The game of baseball is said to have begun in the early 19th century, but that'sjust half the truth. The game was played much before but the first baseball clubs wereformed around that time. An Englishman named Alexander Cartwright in the year 1845devised the first set of rules baseball. In fact, many of the rules listed out then are stillused in the game. In the early 20th century the concentration was more on hitting the home runs.Babe Ruth changed the course of the game with his magical abilities to achieve homeruns. It was due to sportsmen like Babe Ruth that baseball achieved the levels ofpopularity that it did. The popularity of Babe Ruth also helped in improving the money inthe game, since people just went to watch Babe Ruth in action. Baseball became a game of strategy and hitting throughout the last part of the20th century. However, pitching and home run hitting are the baseball benchmarks oftoday. Depending on the strength of their bullpens and their home run hitters, baseballteams are either big winners or big losers. The one thing that is consistent is that thecost of admission still continues to rise.THE GAME A baseball/softball game is played by two teams who alternate between offenseand defense. There are nine players on each side. The goal is to score more runs thanthe opponent, which is achieved by one circuit of four bases that are placed on thediamond.THE EQUIPMENT The defense wears baseball/softball gloves, a leather contraption that fits on thehand, to catch the ball. A baseball is a white ball roughly three inches in diameter withred stitching. A softball is roughly twice as big, sometimes yellow (but no softer).The offense uses a bat, which is made of wood in the professional ranks, and likelymade of aluminum or a metal composite at amateur levels. Almost all softball bats arealuminum or metal.THE FIELD The part of the field closest to the bases is called the infield, and the grassyfarther reaches is called the outfield.The bases are 90 feet apart on the diamond, closer in children's leagues and softball.Other fields are variable, and the outfield fences or the amount of “foul territory” - the 104

amount of ground that borders the field between the long white lines that connect firstbase to home plate and third base to home plate – varies from field to field.DEFENSE: THE POSITIONS There's a pitcher in the middle of the mound who initiates the action by throwingthe ball toward home plate. The catcher catches the ball if it's not hit. The infielders arethe first baseman, second baseman, shortstop (between second and third base) and thethird baseman. There are three outfielders: The left fielder, center fielder and rightfielder.THE GAMES There are nine innings in professional baseball games (sometimes fewer in lowerlevels), and each inning is divided in half to the top of the inning (when the visiting teamhits and the home team plays defense) and the bottom of the inning (when the hometeam hits and the visiting team plays defense). Each team gets three outs in each halfof the innings.ON OFFENSE Each team has nine players in its batting order, and they must stick to that orderthroughout the game (players may substitute in for other players). A play begins with abatter waiting to hit a pitch from the pitcher. If the batter hits the ball into the field of play,the batter runs to first base and can run to as many bases as he or she deems fitwithout getting \"out.\" If a players hits the ball over the outfield fence in fair territory(between the foul lines), it's a home run, and the batter can circle all four bases.ON DEFENSE There are many ways that the team on defense can get an offensive player out. Fourcommon ways are:  Strikeouts (hitter misses three pitches)  Force outs (when, after the ball is hit, the defensive player with the ball reaches a base before the runner)  Fly outs (when a player hits the ball in the air and it's caught by a defensive player before the ball hits the ground)  Tag outs (when a runner is touched with the ball, or a glove with the ball in it)SKILLS IN BASEBALL Baseball requires a high degree of skill to play well. Athletic ability will help aplayer compete with other top players, but the specific skills of hitting, throwing andcatching the baseball require significant work and practice to acquire. Many of the top 105

hitters in the game don't have a tremendous speed or strength, but they all have a high-level of eye-hand coordination.Hitting Hitters who can drive the ball over the fence, such as Babe Ruth and HankAaron, are lionized, but many hitters who don't hit frequent home runs can be just asimportant to their teams. Hitting the ball consistently takes timing, hand-eye coordinationand confidence. These skills are developed through regular batting practice. Hittersmust be balanced when standing at the plate and drive their hands through the ball withall their strength and momentum behind their swings.Catching Catching and fielding the baseball takes athleticism, aggressiveness, timing andcoordination. Fielding ground balls requires the player to get to a spot on the fieldquickly, to get his body in front of the ball and to catch it out in front of him. Catching flyballs takes speed, timing, anticipation and coordination. Fielders need to catchhundreds of ground balls and fly balls in practice to learn how to field consistently.Throwing Throwing the ball well requires arm strength, balance and timing. Baseballplayers must build the strength in their arm by throwing regularly with the propertechnique. That means players must step toward the target when they throw and mustget their momentum traveling toward their target.Base Running Having speed alone does not make one a good base runner. Speed helps, butunderstanding the route to run, the arm strength of opposing outfielders and the gamesituation are more important skills than flat-out speed. A good base runner will listen toadvice from coaches on the base paths, but will make the final decisions whether to runor stop based on his knowledge.EQUIPMENTGloves In the beginning baseball players did not wear gloves. Today there are severaldifferent kinds of gloves. The catcher's mitt is big, round, and padded. The firstbaseman's mitt is longer than the other fielders' gloves, and an outfielders' glove islarger than an infielders' glove.Bases 106

The first bases used in baseball were four-foot high stakes. Too many players ran intothem and were hurt, so they tried big flat rocks. Players were still being injured, so theyfinally filled soft sacks with sand. The modern day bases are made similar to the sandfilled bags.Safety Gear The first catchers in baseball did not wear any gear for protection. Today'splayers wear a face-mask, helmet, chest protector, shin guards and a cup. In 1952, thePittsburgh Pirates were the first team to wear helmets. They wore them when they werebatting and when they were playing in the field.Bats In the major leagues, only wooden bats are used. The rules say that the bat canonly be 42 inches long, and can only be 2 3/4 inches in diameter at the thickest point.White ash is the best wood to use to make a bat. A bat made out of white ash helpsabsorb some of the shock when hitting a 90 mile-per-hour pitch.Baseballs All baseballs are made the same size and weight. They are 9 to 9 1/4 inches incircumference and weigh 5 to 5 1/4 ounces. The center of the baseball is cork. The corkball is covered with rubber. Cotton and wool yarn are tightly wound around the cork andrubber center. 150 yards of cotton yarn (450 feet) and 219 yards of wool yarn (625 feet)are used to make a baseball.Baseball Rules & Regulations Former Chicago White Sox owner Bill Veeck famously said, “I try not to break therules but merely to test their elasticity.” A certain amount of rule-bending is likely to existin any sport, but no game has a set of rules as well established as baseball, where theregulations have been virtually unchanged for over a century. For newcomers tobaseball, the following is a brief overview of the game‟s essential tenets: Each team in a baseball game starts nine players. The game is broken up intoinnings, during which each team plays both offense and defense. A regulation baseballgame consists of nine innings (many levels of youth baseball, including high school,play only six- or seven-inning games). An inning starts with the home team on defenseand the away team on offense. The offensive team attempts to score runs, while thedefensive team attempts to record outs. One inning is completed after each team makes three outs. The team that hasthe most total runs after nine innings are completed is the winner. If the score is tied,play continues, with each extra inning functioning as sudden death. 107

Positions & Lineups On defense, the players occupy nine positions. There are five infield positions(pitcher, catcher, first base, second base, third base, and shortstop), and three outfieldpositions (left field, center field, and right field). The diagram to the left shows the typicaldefensive alignment on a basic baseball diamond. On offense, the nine starters form a strategically arranged lineup, whichdetermines the order in which each player bats. Many baseball organizations allow theuse of a designated hitter. This means that one player who is not among the defensivestarters may bat in the place of a defensive player. In many cases, the designated hitterbats for the pitcher. The players take turns batting according to the lineup, and once every player hasbatted, the order starts over from the top. It is against the rules to bat out of order.Substitutions may be made at any time, but once a player has been removed from thegame, he cannot return (unless specific league rules allow it).Pitching & Defense In baseball, play starts when the pitcher delivers a pitch. There are two positionsfrom which a pitcher may start his delivery: The wind-up and the stretch. The wind-up istypically used with no runners on base, while the stretch is utilized when there are baserunners, because it is a quicker way to make a pitch. The pitcher must be in contact withthe pitcher‟s rubber when he throws the ball. For every at-bat of a game, a “count” is kept in order to keep track of how manyballs and strikes have been thrown (for example, one ball and two strikes, or 1-2). Thestrike zone is an area that reaches from the batter‟s knees to his chest, and spans thewidth of home plate. The home plate umpire determines whether each pitch crossedthrough the strike zone, and so strike zones tend to be somewhat subjective. If thepitcher throws a pitch that misses the strike zone, it is called a ball. If he throws a pitchinside the strike zone, or if the batter swings and misses, or if the batter hits the ball intofoul territory, it is called a strike.There are several ways to record an out on defence:Strike out: After three strikes, the batter is out. However, a batter cannot strike out on afoul ball. If he hits a foul ball with two strikes, the count remains the same.Tag out: When the ball is in play, any defensive player may tag a base runner when heis off the base to record an out.Catch: If the batter hits a pitched ball in play, and any member of the defense catches itin the air, then the batter is out. A runner on base may attempt to advance to the next 108

base once a catch has been made by “tagging up.” However, the runner does so at therisk of being tagged out.Force out: If the batter hits a pitched ball in play that is not caught in the air, thedefense may field the ball and touch first base (or more likely, throw it to the firstbaseman, who then touches first base) before the batter reaches the base to record theout. Also, if there are runners on first base, first and second base, or all three bases, therunners must advance if a batted ball touches the ground (they are “forced”). Therefore,the defense can tag a base in front of a runner for a force-out. It is possible for thedefense to record multiple force-outs on the same play. This is called a double play.Scoring The home plate area consists of home plate, a left-hand batter‟s box and right-hand batter‟s box (on separate sides of home plate, and a catcher‟s box (directly behindhome plate). The offensive player stands in one of the batter‟s boxes, while the catchersquats down behind home plate, and the umpire stands just behind the catcher.In order to score a run, a batter must safely touch all four bases (in a counter-clockwisedirection) and home plate. The player doesn‟t need to touch all four bases during oneplay. Once he reaches a base, he may choose to stay there, and as long as he stays onthe base he cannot be tagged out. Therefore, in order to score a run, the offensive teamtypically must get multiple players on base safely in order to advance them around thediamond and touch home plate to score a run.There are several ways that a batter may reach base safely:Single: The batter hits a pitched ball into fair territory, and the defense is unable tocatch it in the air. If the batter makes it to first base without being tagged with the ball orbefore the defense can make a force-play at first base, then the batter is safe with asingle.Double: The batter hits a pitched ball into fair territory, and the defense is unable tocatch it in the air. If the batter makes it to second base without being tagged with theball or before the defense can make a force-play, then the batter is safe with a double.Triple: The batter hits a pitched ball into fair territory, and the defense is unable to catchit in the air. If the batter makes it to third base without being tagged with the ball orbefore the defense can make a force-play, then the batter is safe with a triple.Home run: The batter hits a pitched ball into fair territory, and the defense is unable tocatch it in the air. If the batter touches all three bases and makes it to home platewithout being tagged with the ball or before the defense can make a force-play, then thebatter is safe with a home run. In addition, if the batter hits a pitched ball that landsbeyond the designated outfield fence, it is an automatic home run. He is allowed to jog 109

around the bases and touch home plate, and any runners who were on base are alsoallowed to score.Base on balls: If the pitcher throws four pitches out of the strike zone (as determinedby the home plate umpire) before the batter hits the ball fair or strikes out, then thebatter is awarded first base.Hit by pitch: If a pitched ball strikes the batter on any part of his body, the batter isawarded first base (unless an umpire determines that the batter intentionally moved inorder to get hit).Catcher’s interference: If the batter‟s bat makes contact with the catcher while heattempts to swing at a pitch, the batter is awarded first base.Defensive error: If the batter is able to safely reach base as the result of a defensiveplayer‟s mistake, then the play is called an error. An error has effectively the sameresult as a hit, but officially it is a different type of play.Dropped third strike: If a batter swings and misses at a pitched ball for the third strike,but the catcher drops the ball or it bounces away, the batter may attempt to run to firstbase. If the batter reaches first base before the catcher can tag him or make a force-out,then the batter is safe.Fielder’s choice: If the batter hits a pitched ball into play, and the defense chooses totag or force-out another base runner instead of the batter (thereby allowing the batter toreach base safely), then it is considered a fielder‟s choice. This is a less desirable wayto reach base, because an out is recorded in the process.SOFTBALL The name \"softball\" dates back to 1926. The name was coined by WalterHakanson of the YMCA at a meeting of the National Recreation Congress. (In additionto \"indoor baseball\", \"kitten ball\", and \"diamond ball\", names for the game included\"mush ball\", and \"pumpkin ball\".) The name softball had spread across the UnitedStates by 1930. By the 1930s, similar sports with different rules and names were beingplayed all over the United States and Canada. The formation of the Joint RulesCommittee on Softball in 1934 standardized the rules and naming throughout the UnitedStates..The first British women's softball league was established in 1952.In 1991, women's fast-pitch softball was selected to debut at the 1996 SummerOlympics. The 1996 Olympics also marked a key era in the introduction of technology insoftball; the IOC funded a landmark biomechanical study on pitching during the games. 110

In 2002, sixteen-inch slow pitch was written out of the ISF official rules, although it is stillplayed extensively in the United States under The Amateur Softball Association ofAmerica, or ASA rules.The 117th meeting of the International Olympic Committee, held in Singapore in July2005, voted to drop softball and baseball as Olympic sports for the 2012 SummerOlympic Games.Other sanctioning bodies of softball are AAU, NSA, PONY, ASA, ISC, USSSA, and ISA.Equipments of softball Equipment required in softball includes a ball, a bat, gloves, uniforms andprotective gear: for example, helmets for the offensive team and a helmet, shin guardsand chest protector for the defensive catcher. Also cleats, sliding shorts, face masksand knee sliders may be worn for softball.Ball Despite the sport's name, softballs are not especially soft. The size of the ballvaries according to the classification of play; the permitted circumferences ininternational play are 12±0.125 in (30.5±0.3 cm), in weight between 6.25 oz (178 g) and7.0 oz (198.4 g) in fast pitch;. A 12-inch circumference ball is generally used in slowpitch; although in rare cases some leagues (especially recreational leagues) do use a14-inch circumference ball..In 2002, high-visibility yellow \"optic\" covering, long-used for restricted flight balls in co-ed recreational leagues, became standard for competitive play. Yellow is the color ofofficial NCAA and NAIA softballs. Yellow softballs are fast becoming the standard for alllevels of play for girls' and women's play in particular. White balls are also allowed, butare much more common in slow pitch than in fast pitch.Bat The bat used by the batter can be made of wood, aluminum, or compositematerials such as carbon fiber. Sizes may vary but they may be no more than 34 inches(86 cm) long, 2.25 inches (6 cm) in diameter, or 38 oz. (1.2 kilograms) in weight. In fastpitch softball, wooden bats are not allowed. The standard bat barrel diameter for bothslow-pitch and fast pitch softball is 21∕4 inches. Many players prefer a smaller barrel,which reduces weight and allows higher swing speed.Gloves All defensive players wear fielding gloves, made of leather or similar material.Gloves have webbing between the thumb and forefinger, known as the \"pocket\". Thefirst baseman and the catcher may wear mitts; mitts are distinguished from gloves inthat they have extra padding, and no fingers. No part of the glove is allowed to be thesame color as that of the ball, including that of its seams. Gloves used in softball are 111

usually larger than the ones used in baseball. No glove larger than 14\" (36 cm) can beused in ASA sanctioned play..Protective equipment A helmet must have two ear flaps, one on each side. Helmets and cages that aredamaged or altered are forbidden. Helmets must be worn by batters and runners in fastpitch. Helmets are optional in slowpitch. In NCAA fast pitch softball you have the optionto wear a helmet with or without a face mask.. In male fast pitch masks are generallyonly used for medical reasons. In fast pitch, the catcher must wear a protective helmetwith a face-mask and throat protector, shin guards and body protector. Shin guards alsoprotect the kneecap. In any form of softball, any player (other than fast pitch catchers on defense) canwear a protective face mask or face guard. As usual, it must be in proper condition andnot damaged, altered, or the like. This is intended to prevent facial injuries.Umpires Decisions about plays are made by umpires, similar to a referee in Americanfootball. The number of umpires on a given game can range from a minimum of one to amaximum of seven. There is never more than one \"plate umpire\"; there can be up tothree \"base umpires\", and up to a further three umpires positioned in the outfield. Mostfast pitch games use a crew of two umpires (one plate umpire, one base umpire).The plate umpire often uses an indicator (sometimes called a clicker or counter) to keeptrack of the game Decisions are usually indicated by both the use of hand signals, and byvocalizing the call. Safe calls are made by signaling with flat hands facing down movingaway from each other, and a verbal call of \"safe\". Out calls are made by raising the righthand in a clenched fist, with a verbal call of \"out\". Strikes are called by the plate umpire,who uses the same motion as the out call with a verbal call of \"strike\". Balls are onlycalled verbally, with no hand gesture. The umpire also has the option of not sayinganything on a ball. It is understood that when he stands up, the pitch was not a strike.Foul balls are called by extending both arms up in the air with a verbal call of \"foul ball\",while fair balls are indicated only by pointing towards fair territory with no verbal call. Nosignal is given for balls that are obviously foul and for closer calls that are notborderline; a mere acknowledgement signal is given. All decisions made by the umpire(s) are considered to be final. Only decisionswhere a rule might have been misinterpreted are considered to be protestable. At sometournaments there might be a rules interpreter or Tournament Chief Umpire (TCU) (alsoknown as the Umpire In Chief, or UIC) available to pass judgment on such protests, butit is usually up to the league or association involved to decide if the protest would be 112

upheld. Protests are never allowed on what are considered \"judgment calls\" – balls,strikes, and fouls.Pitching Play begins with the umpire saying \"Play Ball\". After the batter is ready and allfielders (except the catcher) are in fair territory, the pitcher stands at the pitching plateand attempts to throw the ball past the batter to the catcher behind home plate. Thethrow, or pitch, must be made with an underarm motion often called the \"windmill\"motion: the ball must be released below the hip when the hand is no farther from the hipthan the elbow to get it in the strike zone.Batters The batter stands facing the pitcher inside a \"batter's box\" (there is one on eachside of the plate to compensate for either right or left handed batters). The bat is heldwith both hands, over the shoulder, and away from the pitcher (90 degree angle). Theball is usually hit with a full swinging motion in which the bat may move through morethan 360 degrees. The batter usually steps forward with the front foot, the body weightshifts forward, as the batter simultaneously swings the bat. When swinging, the backfoot should look like it is squishing a bug. A bunt (baseball) is another form of batting.There are different types, including a [sacrifice bunt], or [slap bunt]. There is also regularslapping in which a batter takes position on the left side of the plate and usually standsin the back of the box, but it is possible form anywhere. Once the ball is hit into fairterritory the runner must try to advance to first base or beyond. While running to firstbase, the batter is a \"batter-runner\". When she safely reaches first she becomes a\"base-runner\" or \"runner\". A batted ball hit high in the air is a \"fly ball\". A fly ball hit upward at an anglegreater than 45 degrees is a \"pop fly\". A batted ball driven in the air through the infieldat a height at which an infielder could play it if in the right position is a \"line drive\". Abatted ball which hits the ground within the diamond is a \"ground ball\". If a batted ballhits a player or a base, it is considered to have hit the ground.Pitcher The pitcher is the individual who throws the ball from the middle of the diamondor the pitcher's mound. In baseball, the mound is elevated, but in softball the mound isnot elevated. The pitcher usually throws the ball in the strike zone. In softball, thepitcher uses an underarm motion to pitch the ball towards the strike zone. As soon asthe pitcher makes a throw, the fielders are ready to field balls that are hit in the middleof the diamond. Pitchers usually tend to be tall, very flexible and have good upper bodystrength. Pitchers can be righthanded or lefthanded. The softball pitcher makes awindmill motion while throwing under hand. Unlike baseball who throw over hand.Catcher 113

The catcher is always behind the hitter in semi-crouched position at home plate. Thecatcher recovers pitches from the pitcher. The catcher also throws balls to other basesto throw out runners. At home plate, the catcher is responsible for making some of theteam's outs by retiring base runners attempting to score. In most games, catchersprovide a visual or finger clue as to what the next pitch should be. Catchers are usuallyvery strong, agile, think fast and possess fast reflexes. Catchers need a lot of muscle tomake powerful and fast throws. Catchers must block balls on the ground and try to keepthe pitches in front of them in order to prevent a girl from steeling a base. They are oneof the most important players in the game. A good catcher makes the pitcher look goodby framing the pitches (moving balls into the strike zone in order to fool the umpire).First baseman The first baseman is the position to the right of the first base. The major role ofthe first baseman is to make fielding plays on all balls hit towards first base. The firstbase is usually involved in every hit that occurs on the playing field. Individuals at firstbase have quick hands, a good reach and are always on the lookout to catch the playeroff base. First basemen can be both left and right handed.Second baseman The second baseman plays in between the first baseman and the gap at second.If the ball is hit to the left side of the field, second covers second base. If the ball is hiton their side of the field, they back up the fielder, cover first, or field the ball dependingon where it is hit.The second baseman also is the cut off on balls hit to the right side ofthe outfield. The second baseman also throws directly to the catcher to prevent runnersfrom scoring. Mostly, when the ball is hit to the left side of the field, the second basemenplays second for shortstop. Also, in the case of a bunt, the second baseman must coversecond as the shortstop runs to cover third base, since the third baseman is running upfor the bunt.Shortstop The shortstop fields all balls hit to the infield between the second and third bases.This individual also helps cover second base, third base and is frequently involved inforce plays, double plays and frequently throws the ball to the catcher to throw outrunners at home plate. On steals to second base (when the runner from first isadvancing to second on the pitch) the shortstop usually covers. The shortstop onlydoesn't cover second base when a right handed batter is up. In this case, the secondbaseman covers the steal. Most short stops are very quick, agile and think fast. Theyare the captain of the infield as is the center fielder of the outfield..Third baseman The third baseman covers all hits to the third base and receives balls from theoutfield. The third base person also frequently throws the ball to the catcher trying to 114

throw out the runner at home plate. The individual at third base usually thinks fastbecause of the types of hits that commonly occur in that zone. Quick thinking can oftenstop runners from scoring or can result in double plays.Outfielders The outfielders are players that cover the grassy area behind the infield.Outfielders are named for their positions in the field relative to home plate. Traditionaloutfield positions include a left fielder, a center fielder, and a right fielder. These playersusually back up the plays made by the infielders and make plays when the ball is hitpast or over the infield. Because their positions cover a greater range than those ofinfielders, outfielders tend to have strong throwing arms.Web Sources:SOFTBALLhttp://www.softballperformance.com/softball-history/http://www.isfsoftball.org/english/rules_standards/rulebook.pdfhttp://www.buzzle.com/articles/softball-rules-and-regulations.htmlhttp://www.wiaawi.org/Sports/Softball/RulesRegulations.aspxBASEBALLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baseballhttp://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/54751/baseballhttp://www.libertyball.com/coachcorner/Baseball%20Handbook.pdfhttp://www.infosports.com/zdr/tm/jzm.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baseball_clothing_and_equipmenthttp://www.baseball-rules.com/basicbb.htBibliographyCole, Terrence. “„A Purely American Game‟: Indoor Baseball and the Origins ofSoftball.” International Journal of the History of the Sport 7.2 (September 1990): 287–296.Gems, Gerald R. Windy City Wars: Labor, Leisure, and Sport in the Making ofChicago. 1997.Garmean, Judith Fay. \"A Study Of Attitudes Toward Softball Competition For Women.\"Santa Barbara: University if California 1969: 87 115

Berlage, Gai Ingham. \"Women In Baseball: The Forgotten History\". London: GreenwoodPublishing 1994:208Alexander, Charles C. Our Game: An American Baseball History. New York: MJF, 1991.Bjarkman, Peter C. (2004). Diamonds Around the Globe: The Encyclopedia ofInternational Baseball. Greenwood.Alexander, Charles C. Our Game: An American Baseball History. New York: Henry Holtand Company, 1991. 116

LEARNING MODULE PHYSICAL EDUCATION QUARTER: 3 INDOOR RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES QUARTER: 3 INDOOR RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES INTRODUCTION Indoor recreational activities are voluntarily undertaken for pleasure, exercise, relaxation,and leisure. It is a way of rejuvenating the mind and the body especially when you are caught insituations such as hectic jobs and routine chores. This is why you have these modules, for you toindulge in some recreational activities like scrabble, chess, and domino. Scrabble, chess, and domino are varieties of activities that affect what, when, and howpeople recreate including chgange in lifestyle, family structure/commitments, work demands, andwork-life balance. Participating in this leisure and recreational activities can foster a range of positive benefitsincluding Opportunities for health, well being, and quality lifestyle for the community. Personal development, expressions, creativity, individuality, social, physical and intellectual,and close family ties/relationship.117

LEARNING MODULE PHYSICAL EDUCATION QUARTER: 3 INDOOR RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIESINTRODUCTION Welcome learners’ to word power. This module will provide you an overall outlook on whatyou will learn in the game scrabble. Activities will be provided to enhance your knowledge andskills on the following concepts: nature of the game, basic skills and tactics and interpretation ofthe rules and regulations. Varied assessment tools will be given to you, this will be used to define your personalgoals and targets, acquire adequate and relevant information and knowledge and broaden yourunderstanding about the game. You will be given the opportunity to engage in practical application of the principles andideas of playing scrabble. So what are you waiting for? Let the learning begins!OBJECTIVES:At the end of the lesson, you should be able to 1. discuss the nature/background of the game scrabble; 2. explain the benefits that the family can derive from playing scrabble; 3. practice proper and acceptable behaviour when participating indoor recreational activities; 4. promote indoor recreational activities to family members; 5. execute basic skills and tactics in scrabble; 6. interpret rules and regulations in scrabble; 7. apply knowledge of rules and regulations and strategies in scrabble.118

LEARNING MODULE PHYSICAL EDUCATION QUARTER: 3 INDOOR RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIESPRE- ASSESSMENT:You will be provided with sets, of activities to assess and activate your prior knowledge aboutscrabble.ACTIVITY 1 DO I KNOW THIS INDOOR RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES? Indoor recreational activities are undertaken in the comfort of one’s home or specifically indoor and they are to recreate the mind and soul of a person.1. Table A are sets of terms used in playing indoor recreational activities.2. Select the terms used in playing scrabble and place it on the space provided for in Table B.Table A. TERMS SPY Boneyard Rice Knight Hardway Tiles Jail Spade Double Word Cardboard Double letter Heart Hook Letter Free Space Soldier Bankrupt Triple Word Open Board Flag Square Blank Tiles Queen Rectangle Castling Insignia Chance Joker Bones Draw Rank Rook Count Tiles Adjutant Chips Go to Jail Mate Double Challenge Stock False Alarm Shuffle119

LEARNING MODULE PHYSICAL EDUCATION QUARTER: 3 INDOOR RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES Table B 6. 7. 1. 8. 2. 9. 3. 10. 4. 5.ACTIVITY 2 AGREE OR DISAGREEPut a positive sign ( + ) if you agree with the statement and negative sign ( - ) if you disagree. Youwill be guided by your teacher.______1.Playing scrabble will enhance your vocabulary.______2.Scrabble is played with exactly 100 tiles.______3.The objective of scrabble is to score more points than one’s opponent.120

LEARNING MODULE PHYSICAL EDUCATION QUARTER: 3 INDOOR RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES______4.Playing scrabble with your family will not only enhance your vocabulary but also increasecloseness within.______5. Players cannot place any word which can be found in a Standard English dictionary.______6. Reading books will help you improve your vocabulary.______7.Generally, foreign words can be placed on the scrabble word.______8. You can play blocking to stop your opponent from making a potentially large score.______9. Enhancing your skills and strategies can be done through online scrabble competition orwatching online videos about scrabble strategies and techniques in playing._____10. Concept of sportsmanship cannot be applied in playing scrabble. Reflection Ooooops! Before you proceed to the next activity, take time first to reflect on what you have understood in Activity No. 2.http://www.fotosearch.com/clip-art/minute.html&docid Descriptions Congratulations!How will you rate yourself? You know the concept of the game scrabble You have an idea about the game scrabble Equivalent 10 You have at least a partial idea about the game scrabble Highly Proficient 7-9 You need to be updated about the game scrabble Proficient 5-6 Basic BELOW 5 Below Basic121

LEARNING MODULE PHYSICAL EDUCATION QUARTER: 3 INDOOR RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIESLEARNING GOALS and TARGETSACTIVITY 3 To Know You More! http://www.sophia.orgThis activity will give you opportunity to know more about your expectations of the lesson, yourprior knowledge and skills in one of the indoor recreational games called SCRABBLE.1. Below is a K-W-L chart. In column K, your going to write 4 things that you already KNOW about scrabble , in column W, which is what you WANT to know, 4 things that you WANT to know more about. Oops! Please don’t write anything yet in the third column, column L, you will accomplish this after we are done discussing the first two columns. Is it clear? Okay, get ready to accomplish the chart, K – W – L Na!K - What you KNOW W- What you WANT to know L -What you LEARNED _______________  _______________  _______________ _______________  _______________  _______________ ____________  ____________  ____________ ____________  ____________  ____________Ok, very good, are you ready with the next encounter? Let’s Go!122

LEARNING MODULE PHYSICAL EDUCATION QUARTER: 3 INDOOR RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES PART 1 WHAT TO KNOW? The objective of Scrabble is to have the highest number of points at the end of the game when the extra letters run out, and one person doesn't have any letters in their 'hand'.Hi, Welcome to ACTIVITY 1 CLOSE ENCOUNTER of the SECOND KIND! This activity will assess your encounter with scrabble and will serve as the basis in planningthe sequence of your learning activities regarding indoor recreational activities. Reflect on yourparticipation in scrabble game by accomplishing the questionnaires below. 1. Answer the questions by drawing a smiley for YES and for NO on the column provided for. 2. The result will be the basis of designing future activities in SCRABBLE game. You will be guided by your teacher. READY to DRAW? READY!, GET SET!, DRAW!123

LEARNING MODULE PHYSICAL EDUCATION QUARTER: 3 INDOOR RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES QUESTIONS YES NO 1. Have I experienced playing SCRABBLE? 2. Do I play SCRABBLE often? 3. Do I play SCRABBLE with friends? 4. Do I play SCRABBLE with family? 5. Am I a member of a SCRABBLE team in the school? 6. Do I enjoy participating in a SCRABBLE game? 7. Do I consider the benefits derived from playing SCRABBLE? 8. Are there SCRABBLE game enthusiasts in my family? 9. Do I plan to make SCRABBLE game as one of my lifelong activities?. . . . Nice drawing! Rest for a while and prepare yourself to go to MMDA. TARA NA! MagMMDA NA!http://www.clipartof.com/gallery/clipart/rally.html&docid ACTIVITY 2 MMDA (Meet my Deep Appreciation) In this activity, you will be introduce with what is expected of you in terms of product andperformance including how these shall be assessed and rated.124

LEARNING MODULE PHYSICAL EDUCATION QUARTER: 3 INDOOR RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES A. Product: http://www.google.com.ph/imgres?q=FAMILY+PLAYING+SCRABBLE Scrapbook containing pictures of your family playing SCRABBLE.  On your scrapbook, paste pictures that you have taken while playing with your family at home.  Put a short description,including the date and place of each picture/s and write a short essay on the benefits that your family may derived from playing the game  Criteria for Assessment o Content / relevance of picture presented 30% o Creativity and resourcefulness of presentation 30% o Understanding the benefits from playing SCRABBLE on family’s fitness and wellness 40% 100%125

LEARNING MODULE PHYSICAL EDUCATION QUARTER: 3 INDOOR RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES B. Performance/s Demonstrate of your understanding of skills and basic rules in playing scrabble. Criteria for Assessment: 30%o Proficiency in the execution of skills 40%o Ability to adopt / use skills to a particular 30% game situations 100%o Behavior in playing SCRABBLE Check this out ! How did you appreciate playing scrabble with your family?http://www.google.com.ph/imgres?q=thinking+clipart&start Wow! That’s nice! I appreciate what you have done ACTIVITY 3 PUNTO for PUNTO Hello learners This activity will allow you to further understand the lesson. Questions with increasing difficulty will be given to draw ideas from you.126

LEARNING MODULE PHYSICAL EDUCATION QUARTER: 3 INDOOR RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES GUIDE QUESTIONS: 1. Based on what you have written in the K – W – L chart, what indoor recreational activities/games does your family play? Write down atleast 3 skills/tactics you use as you play scrabble with your family and or friends. 2. Give a short description about the nature and background of the game scrabble. 3. Do you think playing scrabble can promote health, fitness and wellness among family members? How? Congratulations learners! You can now proceed to your next activity PART II WHAT TO PROCESS?In this part, you are provided with various learning resources and learning experiences for you todevelop enrich or broaden your understanding about the lesson. ACTIVITY 1 INTERNET CONNECTIVITY  Make an internet research on the nature and background of the game scrabble. o Objectives of the game o No. of players o Rules of the game o Scoring system o Equipment o Playing time  Formative assessment will be used to measure your knowledge retention.127

LEARNING MODULE PHYSICAL EDUCATION QUARTER: 3 INDOOR RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIESCheck this out !1. What are the objectives of the game scrabble?2. What are the materials used in playing scrabble?3. How many players can play in any game of scrabble?4. Why do you need to follow correctly the rules of the game scrabble?5. What particular rules of the game will enhance your knowledge/skills about the game scrabble?6. What are the values of each tile used in scrabble?7. How could you determine if you won the game ?8. What learnings will you get from playing scrabble?The following rubric will be use for your assessment in activity 1Descriptions Beginner Novice Intermediate Expert Content and 1 2 3 4 Resource Requirement The research work The research work The research The research has a focus but work presents Subject seems haphazard, strays from it at information in an work has a clear Knowledge times. There is an accurate and hurried or organizational organized goal related to a 128 structure, though manner that can unfinished. not be consistent be understood by significant topic enough. the intended There are There may be audience. There or issue. factual errors or is a focus that is significant factual inconsistencies, maintained Information but relatively throughout the errors, minor. piece. included Information is misconceptions or relevant and reflects broad useful. misunderstanding research and Learners is at ease and ready application of with expected answers to all critical thinking questions, but fails to elaborate. skills, show notable insight or understanding of the topic, compels the audience’s attention. The learners does Learners is Learners not have group of uncomfortable demonstrates a information. with the full range of Information is information and knowledge and confusing, incorrect are able to answer is able to or flawed. only rudimentary answer all

LEARNING MODULE PHYSICAL EDUCATION QUARTER: 3 INDOOR RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES questions. Information is questions with clear, appropriate explanation and Some information and correct. elaboration. All information are confusing, are clear, appropriate and incorrect or correct. flawed. Abundant relevant dataData Collection There is minimal or Learners Adequate with at least irrelevant data. attempted to three different None is gathered gather their own relevant data of types, at least directly by learners. field data, but one set is were unable to at least two gathered by complete the learners should assignment, types, at least be directly from therefore their own field conclusions one set gathered work. cannot be drawn. directly by learners.ACTIVITY 2 WATCH AND LEARN : THE BASIC The activity aims to introduce to you the basic skills in playing scrabble and how each skillis properly executed.Video aided instructional materials will be used for your skill acquisition.Kindly visit and download this site www.youtube.com/watch?v=62RxWIKEnqM How to play scrabble.Your teacher will guide you in this activity. Scrabble moves Sequence of Play ScoringStrategies/Techniques Scrabble Picture/ Video Analysis129

LEARNING MODULE PHYSICAL EDUCATION QUARTER: 3 INDOOR RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIESPLAY TIME ! Since you have already an idea on how to play scrabble, you can nowproceed to the next activity. ACTIVITY 3 I WANT TO PLAY ! Hello learners! This is now the opportunity for you to demonstrate the basic skills you haveseen in the picture/video-aided instructional materials. LET’S PLAY! 1. Form a group with 4 members each. 2. Assign an observer & a recorder while the other members of the group will play. While playing, observer / recorder will record his/her observation on skills / tactics used/applied by the player. 3. At the end of the game, the player, observer / recorder will share their experiences in the game. 4. The leader of your group will conduct a short discussion to arrive at a generalization regarding the importance of mastery of the basic skills in scrabble. Note: To enhance your skills in playing scrabble, you can play online scrabble game at www.games.com>Word Games. CONGRATULATIONS LEARNERS ! You know already how to play!130

LEARNING MODULE PHYSICAL EDUCATION QUARTER: 3 INDOOR RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES PART III. WHAT TO UNDERSTANDYour understanding of the essence of participating in scrabble games will be assessed.ACTIVITY 1 HOW I APPRECIATE THE GAME Hello Learners’! In your activity notebook answer the following questions: o How do you play scrabble? o What basic skills/tactics do you need to develop/master in order to bethebsreport.wordpress.com successful in playing SCRABBLE. o Do you think that your knowledge on the rules and regulations of the game is an edge for you to win? Why? o Are there any health and fitness benefits we can get out of playing scrabble? Enumerate at least five of them. ACTIVITY 2 PLAYING WITH MY FAMILY Scrabble helps build language skills, and your skills http://www.clipartof.com/portfolio/bnpdesignstu will develop more if you are directly engage with your dio/illustration/stick-kids-playing family. Scrabble is a social game and it can top the list of family fun activities. It is a form of recreational activity that allows you and your family to relax, forget any pressing concerns and improve mental capabilities. To sum up everything, it is a way of enhancing family bonding/camaraderie. Based on the statements you have read above, kindly fill up the chart given below. Copy the format below in your activity notebook. You will be guided by your teacher.131

LEARNING MODULE PHYSICAL EDUCATION QUARTER: 3 INDOOR RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES How the game scrabbles enhance bonding in your family?ACTIVITY 3 WHAT VALUE WE LEARNED FROM PLAYING SCRABBLE?One of the important aspects in playing scrabble is developing good values. Complete the surveybelow and determine the values in playing scrabble. In your activity notebook check theappropriate space based on the importance.After you have completed the table below, look for a partner and discuss with them the values youlearn from playing scrabble. Values Learned Not Important Slightly Important Most Important1. Developed camaraderie among my peers2. Established good relationship with my family3. Made intelligent decisions in my life4. Made mefacing chalenges5. Enhanced my capabilities in terms of vocabulary.Before you proceed to the transfer part, answer the SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT below:132

LEARNING MODULE PHYSICAL EDUCATION QUARTER: 3 INDOOR RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES I. Multiple Choices: Choose the correct answer from the given choices below. Write the letter of the correct answer on the space provided for. ANSWERS 1. Which of the following scrabble tiles have a value of five points? 1.________ A. D B. X C. K 2. What particular color of the cells on the scrabble board 2.________ Corresponds to a triple word score? A. Light Blue B. Dark Red C. Dark Blue 3. How many bonus points will be given to a player who is able to 3.________ place all seven tiles on the board at the same time? A. 50 B. 100 C. 150 4. Which of the following scrabble terms that is used to stop 4.________ the opponent from making a potentially large score? A. Bluffing B. Blocking C. Challenge 5. When a rack has more than one of a given letter, it is called as? 5. ________ A. Dumping B. Hold C. Duplication II. Completion Type: Complete the given statements below. Write your answer on the space provided for. ANSWERS 1. Scrabble is played with exactly __________ tiles. 1._________ 2. When a player is able to place all seven tiles from the tile rack on the board, the player receives _________ point bonus. 2._________ 3. In scrabble the _________ tiles may be used as any letter desired. 3._________ 4. A _________ square doubles the score of a letter. 4._________ 5. An opponent calls _________ when they think a play is not acceptable. 5._________133

LEARNING MODULE PHYSICAL EDUCATION QUARTER: 3 INDOOR RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIESIII. Matching Type: Match the scrabble letter in Column A with the equivalent point value in Column B. Write the letter of the correct answer on the space provided for in Column C.Column A Column B Column C1. A,F,I,L,N,O,R,S,T and U A. 10 points 1. ___________2. Q and Z B. 4 points 2. ___________3. J and X C. 8 points 3. ___________4. F,H,V,W, and Y D. 3 points 4. ___________5. B,C,M and P E. 1 point 5. ___________ Very Good Learners’ You are now on the last activity of this module, keep it up!http://www.google.com.ph/imgres?q=clapping+hands+clip+art&hl PART IV. WHAT TO TRANSFER In this phase, you are expected to demonstrate a complete product orperformance. ACTIVITY 1 HOW WELL DO I KNOW THE GAMEThis activity gives you chance to re- assess and apply what you have learned about the basicrules of the game scrabble.134

LEARNING MODULE PHYSICAL EDUCATION QUARTER: 3 INDOOR RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIESUsing the table below, enumerate the rules on how to play the game scrabble.Copy the table in your activity notebook. How to play scrabble 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10www.fuzzimo.com/free-hi-res-wooden-scrabble-letter-tiles/&docidACTIVITY 2 DO YOU STILL REMEMBER ME?Hi learners’!Kindly identify the common scrabble terms that you have learned before.Complete the corresponding scrabble letters placed on the scrabble board.Use the guide statements below as yourreference to complete the scrabble terms.Write your answers in your activity notebook.135

LEARNING MODULE PHYSICAL EDUCATION QUARTER: 3 INDOOR RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES1. In scrabble, it is a term that describes a rack that has more than one of a given letter.2. It consists of two blanks, the four S’s and the letter J, Q, X and Z.3. A piece that is being used in playing scrabble.4. It is a word game in which two to four players score points by forming words from individual lettered tiles on a game board marked with a 15-by-15 grid.5. A term used in scrabble when an opponent thinks a play is not acceptable.6. A letter that will spell a new word when it is played with in the front of or at the end of a word already on the board.7. This is a dark red square on the scrabble word. When a word is played using this square, then the points for the word are multiplied by three.8. Any word played that uses all seven letters on the rack earning a bonus of 50 points.9. The act of playing a word on the board that stops the opponent from making a potentially large score.10. Term in scrabble wherein the player may “pass” his/her turn by not exchanging tiles and not making a play on the board. 1 3 LE U 2 P W RT 6H P 5L O I 4S C A B E L A 8A 9B 10 P OR7T BL L T O I EW R S N E EC R GN I I EG GRate yourself based on the value of the tiles: Scrabble Letters Point values136

LEARNING MODULE PHYSICAL EDUCATION QUARTER: 3 INDOOR RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES 0 Blank tile 1 A,E,I,L,N,O,R,S,T and U 2 3 D and G 4 B,C,M and P 5 F,H,V,W and Y 8 10 K2x L (Double Letter Scores) J and X 3x L (Triple Letter Scores) Q and Z2x W (Double Word Score) Light Blue Cells 3x W (Triple Word Score) Dark Blue Cells Light Red Cells Dark Red CellsACTIVITY 3 MINI SCRABBLE GAME TOURNAMENT http://www.google.com.ph/imgres?q=scrabble+board+clip+art&start This activity aims to synthesize and apply what you have theoretically and practicallylearned in the previous learning sequence. Decision making, critical thinking and sportsmanshipwill be revealed and developed.Your performance during the activity will be rated according to the following criteria: appropriateness of skills, execution of skills and behaviour during the performance. 1. Group in such a way that there will be players and game officials. Rotation will be made so that all groups will be able to play and officiate as arbiter/recorder. 2. The winner of each group will be selected to compete with the other winner of the group and came up with the champion. Check this out!137

LEARNING MODULE PHYSICAL EDUCATION QUARTER: 3 INDOOR RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES You are encouraged to integrate/use terms related to social issues such as environmental aspect, drug education, peace education and consumer education. ANALYTIC RUBRIC FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF LEARNERS’ PERFORMANCE Proficiency in the Ability to Adapt a Skill to Behavior in Playing Execution of Skills a Certain Sport SituationWeight 30% 40% 30% 5 MASTERFUL: Able to use SKILLFUL: Demonstrates MATURE: Highly 4 3 knowledge and skills powerful and skillful disciplined and able to 2 automatically, effectively execution of the game demonstrate appropriate 1 and efficiently in game skills with high level of behavior towards the situations confidence game, players and game officials SKILLED: Able to use COMPETENT: SENSITIVE: Disciplined knowledge and skills Demonstrates and able to demonstrate competently in game competently the game appropriate behavior situations skills with confidence towards the game, players and game officials ABLE: Has limited but PRACTITIONER: AWARE: Generally growing ability to use Demonstrates general demonstrates proper knowledge and skills in level of coordination and behavior towards the game situations competence in the game, players and game execution of game skills officials with limited but growing confidence APPRENTICE: Relies on APPRENTICE: DECENTERING: Has limited knowledge and Demonstrates limited some capacity for self- skills; has limited use of coordination and discipline but with limited judgment and competence in the reactions and attitudes responsiveness to game execution of game skills towards the game, players situations. with low level of and game officials confidence NOVICE: Can perform NOVICE: Has very low or EGOCENTRIC: Has little only with coaching and no coordination in or no consideration to the relies on highly directed demonstrating game skills; rules of the game; behaves skill execution, procedures has very low level or no untowardly and has no and game approaches confidence at all respect for other players and game officials CONGRATULATIONS! YOU DID A GOOD JOB TO FINISH THIS MODULE138

LEARNING MODULE PHYSICAL EDUCATION QUARTER: 3 INDOOR RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES SUMMARY/SYNTHESIS/GENERALIZATIONAfter doing all the activities, I hope that you have learned a lot specifically on the following parts:Part 1 gives you a brief recall about your concept on the game scrabble including adequate andrelevant information and knowledge.Part II enables you to perform/demonstrate activities that will assess your skills andunderstanding.Part III provides you with different activities and discussion that will help you to reflect and thinkdeeper about the game scrabblePart IV is the final phase in which you are expected to transfer your learning through a product orperformance in a new context or situation.I hoped that you gained a lot in terms of knowledge, skills, and value formation from the differentactivities. Congratulations! GLOSSARY OF TERMS139

LEARNING MODULE PHYSICAL EDUCATION QUARTER: 3 INDOOR RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES1. BINGO- Any word played that uses all seven letters on the rack, earning a bonus of 50 points.2. BLOCKING -The act of playing a word on the board that stops the opponent from making a potentially large score. It also refers to the act of playing words that make it harder for either player to score many points.3. CHALLENGE-An opponent calls a \"CHALLENGE\" when s/he thinks a play is not acceptable (i.e. not in the OWL or Merriam-Webster Collegiate Dictionary, Eleventh Edition). A Word Judge is called to verify which words are acceptable or not. Whenever there is a challenge, someone loses exactly one turn.4. COUNT TILES- players often count tiles at two different times: 1) before a game begins to ensure that there are 100 tiles; 2) near the end of the game, when knowing exactly how many tiles remain to be played can be crucial for the astute player.5. DOUBLE-DOUBLE-When a player makes a play with letters that cover two Double-Word Squares. The bonus for covering two DWSs one play: quadruple the sum of the value of the letters of the \"Double-Double\" word. The sum should include that extra values earned form any DLS covered that turn only.6. END GAME-The portion of a SCRABBLE game when there are less than seven tiles left to draw from the bag.7. HOOK LETTER (A.K.A. HOOK)-A letter that will spell a new word when it is played with in the front of or at the end of a word already on the board. Example: With HARD on the board, the letter Y is a hook letter since HARDY is acceptable. Likewise, the letter C can be \"hooked: since CHARD is acceptable.8. PASS-A player may pass his/her turn by not exchanging tiles and not making a play on the board. The player scores zero and says \"Pass!\" and starts opponent's timer. It is now opponent's turn. Note that when there are 6 consecutive scores of zero in a game, the game is finished.9. SCRABBLE- is a word game in which two to four players score points by forming words from individual lettered tiles on a gameboard marked with a 15-by-15 grid.10. TILES - Game equipment consisting of a flat thin piece marked with characters and used in board games like Mah-Jong, Scrabble, etc.REFERENCES140

LEARNING MODULE PHYSICAL EDUCATION QUARTER: 3 INDOOR RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES 1. Wikipedia : The free Encyclopedia 2. www.Scrabblefinder.com 3. www.lifestyle.indianetzone.com 4. http://www.google.com.ph 5. MAPEH-CAT IV By Vilma Perez, et.al. 6. http://www.hasbro.com/scrabble/en_US/glossary.cfm141

LEARNING MODULE PHYSICAL EDUCATION QUARTER: 3 INDOOR RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES Participating in indoor recreational activities is important for a child’s development and canlay a foundation for a healthy life. Play is a good mental and physical activity for children. Itdevelops their physical body, movement, and coordination; encourages self-esteem; fosters socialinteraction skills; improves thinking skills; and develops emotional skills. Moreover, familyrelationships can be enhanced when the family has something worthwhile to do altogether. This module encompasses the basic principles and ideas about one of the indoorrecreational activities, i.e., chess. It will lead you to understand the nature/background of the gamechess and the benefits derived from playing it. This will help you to become better player or tolove chess while learning the basic skills in playing it.Learning Competencies: At the end of the lesson, you should be able to 1. discuss the nature/background of the game chess; 2. explain the benefits that the family can derive from playing chess; 3. practice proper and acceptable behavior when participating in indoor recreational activities; 4. promote indoor recreational activities to family members; 5. execute basic skills and tactics in chess; 6. interpret rules and regulations in chess; 7. apply knowledge of rules and regulations and strategies in chess.Pre-Assessment You will be given set of activities to assess and activate your prior knowledge about chess. Activity 1: Name Me! In this activity your prior knowledge in the game chess will be assessed. In your activity notebook, copy the table as shown. Look at the drawing of chess piecesand equipment of the game. Identify each of the pieces. Write your answer on the appropriate boxes.142

LEARNING MODULE PHYSICAL EDUCATION QUARTER: 3 INDOOR RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES Are you ready? Let’s check it out! So, you are…..Chess pieces and equipment The above simple recall and identification have surely activated your prior knowledge inchess. In the next activity, you will be directed to identify your own personal learning goals andobjectives of the course. At this point, you will write your expectations for this module. GOOD JOB LEARNER!143

LEARNING MODULE PHYSICAL EDUCATION QUARTER: 3 INDOOR RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIESLEARNING GOALS and TARGETSDefine your own personal learning goals and targets about our lesson chess.Example: Learn the moves of each chess piece.1.___________________________________________________2.___________________________________________________3.___________________________________________________4.___________________________________________________5.___________________________________________________ The succeeding activities are classified into four phases of learning. Knowing, processing,reflecting and understanding, and transferring of understanding. PART I: WHAT TO KNOW In this phase, you will be given activities to assess your prior knowledge; communicate yourexpectations: what you want to know, understand, produce or perform. You will be taught whatyou need to learn about chess. You will also be informed of the assessment techniques which willbe used to rate your output and performance at the end of the lesson. Brief History of Chess Do you know where chess originated? Chess is a game that has been played for centuriesand was thought to have originated in India in the 15th century. Long ago, it was considered agame reserved only for kings and members of the upper classes. Nowadays, chess is played bycommon people even at an early age. The modern design of chess pieces bears the name Staunton, who was an English masterin the mid-18OO's. These are the type of pieces that are now used in all tournaments worldwide. The first international chess tournament was the London Tourney played in 1851. AGerman named Adolf Anderssen won the game. He became the unofficial best chess player ofthe world because he did not receive any award or title.144

LEARNING MODULE PHYSICAL EDUCATION QUARTER: 3 INDOOR RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES The first great American-born chess player is Paul Morphy. Paul traveled to Europe in the185O's, where he beat all challengers, including Adolf Anderssen. However, the English championof the time (Staunton) refused to play with him, so Morphy never became a world chess champ. The first official championship chess tournament was played in 1866 in London, with sandclocks to restrict the length of a game. A Bohemian (Czechoslovakian) Jew named Steinitz wonthe game. He became the world's first official chess champion, holding this title until 1894. Have you wondered who rules in the world of chess today? Recently, Russia dominates thegame of chess. This results from the establishment of government schools for talented chessplayers after the communist revolution of 1917. Since 1927, many of the top chess players havebeen citizens of the former USSR, and include: Tal, Alekhine, Petrosian, Spassky, Smyslov,Anatoli Karpov, and Gary Kasparov. Benefits Derived from Playing Chess. Chess is an indoor recreational activity which is now being introduced as a major part ofsecondary level curriculum because of the benefits it gives to the students. You probably know some of the benefits derived from playing chess. Here are some of thebenefits which can be derived from playing chess. 1. Chess increases the mathematical and scientific skills of the students. It also enhances the problem solving skills, concentration ability, as well as logical thinking ability of the students. 2. It develops a sense of confidence and self-worth of a student. 3. It also increases communication skills of a student. 4. It gives a lesson of hard work and commitment. 5. Aside from intellectual exercise, chess provides entertainment and relaxation. This game is free and can provide entertainment even for the observers. 6. Chess also has health benefits. It is considered as a form of recreational therapy. Chess keeps the mind healthy and a healthy mind results in healthy body. It is used by therapists to help people suffering from cognitive functioning such as anxiety and depression. 7. Chess a form of indoor recreational activity can be used to strengthen family bond. The members of the family can play with each other while at home. In a way, the chess pieces can represent the family members. Each member of the family has a role to play. In chess, the pieces also have specific function to perform to win the game.145

LEARNING MODULE PHYSICAL EDUCATION QUARTER: 3 INDOOR RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIESActivity 1: Think of Me! This activity will give you the opportunity to know more about your expectations of thelesson, to assess your prior knowledge and skills in chess, and what you want to know/learn aboutit. Copy the illustrations as shown, and write what you currently know about the game chessunder box A and what you want to know more about the game under box B. Use the questionsas your guide.Ready Chess Go! B AGuide Questions1. Give a short description about the nature and background of the game chess.2. Do you think playing chess can promote health, fitness, and wellness among family members? How? Activity 2: Give Me a Star!146

LEARNING MODULE PHYSICAL EDUCATION QUARTER: 3 INDOOR RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIESAt this point,questions are provided for you to gauge how you value chess as a game.In your activity notebook, copy the table as shown, and answer the questions by placingfor always, for sometimes, and for never on the space provided. QUESTIONS always sometimes neverHave I experienced playing chess?Do I play chess with my family?Do I enjoy participating in chess games?Do I consider the benefits derived from playingchess?Do I plan to make chess game as one of mylifelong activities?Do I play chess with friends?How often do I play chess?Are there chess enthusiasts in my family?The two activities above gave information on your personal concepts of the game chess. In thenext activity, your answers will be based on the lessons you will learn in the classroom about thenature and background of the game. Activity 3: Map the Concept!147

LEARNING MODULE PHYSICAL EDUCATION QUARTER: 3 INDOOR RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES This time, you will express what concepts you know about chess. Below are chess pieces.Write a word or phrase inside the pieces which are related to the background and nature of chess. After writing the four words or phrases, use each word in a sentence. The sentencemust be related to the background and nature of chess.1.2.3.4. The above activities are only starters and the succeeding ones will enable you to identifythe benefits derived from playing chess and the proper conduct when participating in the game. Activity 4: Chess Out! All On Board! Below is a chess board containing rumbled details regarding benefits derived from chessand the proper behavior when participating in this game. Copy the chess board in your activitynotebook. From the numbered details below, identify which are the benefits derived from chess andthe proper behavior when participating in the game. Write the number on the shaded box belowcorresponding to benefits derived from chess and the number on the white box for the properbehavior when participating in chess game.148

LEARNING MODULE PHYSICAL EDUCATION QUARTER: 3 INDOOR RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES 1 2 3 4Develops a sense of It gives a lesson of Increasesconfidence and self- Never boast over a communication hard work and win worth. commitment. skills. 5 6 7 8 Chess increases the Don’t show rude Always show Chess keeps mindsportsmanship. mathematical and healthy. behavior over a scientific skills. defeat. 9 10 11 12Strengthen family Don’t distract the Provide Do not make it bond. other players. entertainment. obvious if you make 13 14 15 a mistakeNever blame others Chess provides Minimize talking 16for something they relaxation. when at the event If you disagree with what your opponent did not do. venue. has done raise your hand and ask for help. You have made a lot of progress by learning the overview of the game chess. Now, you149