Music Grade 8

22. Min’yo –the folk song of Japan.23. Monophony – a musical texture thatconsists of a single melodic line24. Nokan- a parallel, bamboo flute (fue)which is the only melodic instrument usedin noh. The melody of the flute has nospecific pitch relationship with the melodyof the chanting.

25. Odaiko (big drum) - the physicalenergy and sheer excitement of anOdaiko performance is an integral partof many Japanese matsuri (festivals).26. Pansori - is a kind of musicpresented to audiences by skilled vocalsingers and drummers.

27. Pentatonic scale - is a musical scale ormode with five notes per octave in contrastto a heptatonic (seven note) scale such asthe major scale and minor scale. Pentatonicscales are very common and are found allover the world.28. Piri - is a Korean double reedinstrument, used in both the folk andclassical (court) music of Korea

29. Pentatonic - is a musical scale ormode with five notes per octave30. Ryūteki - (literally \"dragon flute\") isa Japanese transverse fue made ofbamboo. It is used in gagaku, theShinto classical music associated withJapan's imperial court.

31. Sakura - (Cherry Blossoms) is a traditionalJapanese folk song depicting spring, the seasonof cherry blossoms.32. Shakuhachi - the most famous flute madefrom bamboo. It has four or five finger holes onthe front face and a thumb hole on the rear face.As with other instruments above, it was importedfrom China for gagaku.

33. Shamisen-is a plucked stringed instrument.Its construction follows a model similar to that ofa guitar or a banjo, employing a neck, andstrings stretched across a resonating body. Theneck of the shamisen is fretless, and is slimmerthan that of a guitar or banjo.34. Shinobue - is a Japanese transverse fluteor fue that has a high-pitched sound.

35. Shinto or Shintoism - is theindigenous spirituality of Japan andthe people of Japan. It is a set ofpractices, to be carried outdiligently, to establish a connectionbetween present day Japan and itsancient past.

36. Shō- is a Japanese free reed musicalinstrument that was introduced from Chinaduring the Nara period (AD 710 to 794). It ismodeled on the Chinese sheng, althoughthe shō tends to be smaller in size. Itconsists of 17 slender bamboo pipes, eachof which is fitted in its base with a metal freereed.

37. Sog-ak or minsogak is a category ofKorean music traditionally associated withthe lower classes or for the general publicand are vibrant and energetic.38. Strophic - is the simplest and mostdurable of musical forms, elaborating apiece of music by repetition of a singleformal section. This may be analyzed as \"AAA\".

39. Taiko- is a Japanese drum thatcomes in various sizes and is used toplay a variety of musical genres.40. Texture - is the way the melodic,rhythmic, and harmonic materials arecombined in a composition thusdetermining the overall quality of thesound in a piece.

41. Timbre - tone color or tone quality is thequality of a musical note or sound or tone thatdistinguishes different types of soundproduction, such as voices and musicalinstruments, string instruments, windinstruments, and percussion instruments. Thephysical characteristics of sound that determinethe perception of timbre include spectrum andenvelope.42. Tone color - is the timbre of a singing voiceor an instrument.

43. Tsuridaiko - a large hanging barrel drum44. Tsuzumi- (hourglass-shape). Is of twovarieties, the smaller kotsuzumi and the largerotsuzumi which are used in both noh andkabuki performances. The kotsuzumi is held onthe right shoulder and the player alters the toneby squeezing the laces. The otsuzumi is playedresting on the left thigh. Like all other traditionalarts in Japan, there are several schools oftsuzumi.



I. Name the followinginstruments.Rearrangethe scrambled letters tofind the answer.

JAPANESEINSTRUMENTS

doaiko- bigdrum ofJapan.

suzumit -hourglass-shape drum of Japan 2

radiikosut – a largehanging3barrel drum

atiko - is a Japanese drum thatcomes in various sizes 4

okto - plucked13-string zither,about two meters long consideredas national instrument of Japan. 5

misenash- is a 6plucked stringedinstrument follows amodel similar to thatof a guitar or a banjo,employing a fretlessneck, and stringsstretched across aresonating body.

aiwb - is a Japanese short-7necked fretted lute

konan - a 8parallel,bamboo flute(fue) is theonly melodicinstrumentused in noh.

kuhachiash- 9the most famous flutemade from Bamboowith 4 or 5finger holes on thefront face and athumbhole on the rearface, it was importedfrom China forgagaku.

hso - is a 10Japanese freereed musicalinstrument thatwas introducedfrom Chinaduring the Naraperiod.

chirihiki - is a double reed Japanesefue (flute) used as one of two mainmelodic instruments in Japanesegagaku music 11

nobushie –12also calledtakebue in thecontext ofJapanesetraditional arts) isa Japanesetransverse flute orfue that has a highpitched sound.

CHINESEINSTRUMENTS

eqyuin – Moon 13shaped lute withshorter neck and fourstrings, played witha spectrum, usedfor accompanyinglocal operas.

ipap - Four-14stringed lutewith 30 fretsand a pear-shaped body.

sehng - Sheng, orChinese mouthorgan, looks like aset of panpipes,15with 12 to 36bamboo pipes.

heru - Two-stringed fiddle andone of the mostpopular Chinese16instruments.

unluyo - Literally\"cloud gongs\" or\"cloud of gongs\", Itis a set of ten smalltuned gongsmounted in awooden frame. 17

hzeng - Anancient Chineseinstrument that hasan archedsurface and anelongated-trapezoid with 13to 21 strings 18stretched overindividualbridges.

KOREANINSTRUMENTS

mugeongo - Six-string pluckedzither is a traditional Koreanstringed musical instrument of thezither family of instruments withboth bridgesand frets. 19

eghaum (two-string verticalfiddle) – It has a rodlike neck,a hollow wooden soundbox, 20two silk strings, and isheld verticallyon the knee ofthe performerand played witha bow.

ANSWER

1. Odaiko 10.Sho 19.geomungo2. Tzusum 11.hichiriki 20.haegum3.Tsuridaio 12.shinobue4. Taiko 13.yueqin5. Koto 14.pipa6.Shamisen 15.sheng7. Biwa 16.erhu8. Nokan 17.yunlou9.Shakuhachi18.zheng

II. Write the letter of the correct answer

1. Piri is a koreaninstrument that belongs to :a. Aerophoneb. Membranophonec. Idiophoned. Chordophone

2. It is Korean folk song used asa symbol of Korea and Koreanculture.a. Arirangb. Mo Li Huac. Sakurad. Peng Yu

3. It is a traditional Chinese songwith a beautifully gentle and lyricalmelody. The song describes acustom of giving Jasmine flowers.a. Arirangb. Mo Li Huac. Sakurad. Peng Yu

4. Which Japanese instrumentis literally called as the “dragonflute”.a. ryutekib. hichirikic. shakuhachid. shinobue

5. Which Japanese instrument is acounterpart of kayagum?.a. kotob. biwac. shamisend. zheng

6. Which Chinese instrument is acounterpart of kayagum?.a. kotob. pipac. shamisend. zheng

7. It is a traditional Chinese songwith a beautifully gentle and lyricalmelody. The song describes acustom of giving Jasmine flowers.a. Arirangb. Mo Li Huac. Sakurad. Peng Yu

8. All are examples of Japanesemembranophones except one.a. odaikob. taikoc. tsuzumid. changgo

9. Pengling is an instrumentof __.a. Chinab. Koreac. Japand. Taiwan

10. Korean instrument similarto tsuzumi of Japan.a. haegumb. changgoc. kayagumd. geomungo