1. 1. 5 Nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekaphoṭṭhabbampi samanupassāmi, yaṃ evaṃ purisassa cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhati, yathayidaṃ bhikkhave itthiphoṭṭhabbebā. Itthiphoṭṭhabbo bhikkhave purisassa cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhatīti. I do not/bhikkhus/other/even a tough/see, as/thus/man’s mind/completely obsesses/ as/thus/bhikkhus/woman’s/ touch. A woman’s touch/bhikkhus/a man’s/mind/completely/obsesses. 1.1. 6 Nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekarūpampi samanupassāmi, yaṃ evaṃ itthiyā cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhati, yathayidaṃ bhikkhave purisarūpaṃ. Purisarūpaṃ bhikkhave itthiyā cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhatīti. I do not/Bhikhus/other/even one form/see/, as/thus/a woman’s/mind/completely/obsesses. As/this/bhikhus/man’s form. A man’s/form/bhikkhus/a woman’s/mind/completely/obsesses. 1.1.7 Nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekasaddampi samanupassāmi, yaṃ evaṃ itthiyā cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhati, yathayidaṃ bhikkhave purisasaddo. Purisasaddo bhikkhave itthiyā cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhatīti. I do not/Bhikhus/other/even one sound/see/, as/thus/a woman’s/mind/completely/obsesses. As/this/bhikhus/man’s sound. A man’s/sound/bhikkhus/a woman’s/mind/completely/obsesses. 1.1.1 (Sāvatthinidānaṃ) Nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi yena anuppanno vā kāmacchando uppajjati, uppanno vā kāmacchando bhiyyo bhāvāya vepullāya saṃvattati, yathayidaṃ bhikkhave subhanimittaṃ. Subhanimittaṃ bhikkhave ayoniso manasi karoto anuppanno ceva kāmacchando uppajjati, uppanno ca kāmacchando bhiyyo bhāvāyavepullāya saṃvattatīti. I do not/bhikkhus/other/even one this/see/by which/un-arisen/ sensual desire/arises/arises/sensual desire/to increase/to expand/leads, as/this/bhikkhus/a good/sign.13 A good/sign/bhikkhus/careless/to one who attends/un-arisen/sensual desire/arises/arisen/and/sensual desire/increases/expands/leads. 1.2.2 Nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi yena anuppanno vā vyāpādo uppajjati, uppanno vā vyāpādo bhiyyo bhāvāya vepullāya saṃvattati, yathayidaṃ bhikkhave paṭighanimittaṃ. Paṭighanimittaṃ bhikkhave ayoniso manasi karoto anuppanno ceva vyāpādo uppajjati, uppanno va vyāpādo bhiyyo bhāvāya veppulāya saṃvattatīti. 13 The mark of the attractive, bhikkhubodhi 48
I do not/bhikkhus/other/even one this/see/by which/un-arisen/ ill-will/arises/arisen/ill- will/to increase/to expand/leads, as/this/bhikkhus/a the repulsive/sign.14 A repulsive/sign/bhikkhus/carelessly/to one who attends/un-arisen/the ill- will/arises/arisen/and/ill-will/increases/expands/leads. 1.2.3 Nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi yena anuppannaṃ vā thīnamiddhaṃ uppajjati, uppannaṃ vā thīnamiddhaṃ bhiyyo bhāvāya vepullāya saṃvattati, yathayidaṃ bhikkhave arati tandi vijambhikā bhattasammadocetaso ca līnattaṃ. Līnacittassa bhikkhave anuppannaṃ ceva thīnamiddhaṃ uppajjati, uppannañca thīnamiddhaṃ bhiyyo bhāvāya veppulāya saṃvattatīti. I do not/bhikkhus/other/even one this/see/by which/un-arisen/ sloth and drowsiness/arises/arisen/sloth and drowsiness/to increase/to expand/leads, as/this/bhikkhu/discontent/lethargy/yawning/drowsiness after meal/and sluggishness. For one with sluggish mind/bhikkhus/un-arisen/sloth and drowsiness/arises, and arisen/sloth and drowsiness/to increase/ to expand/ leads 1.2.4 Nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi yena anuppannaṃ vā uddhaccakukkuccaṃ uppajjati, uppannaṃ vā uddhaccakukkuccaṃ bhiyyo bhāvāya vepullāya saṃvattati, yathayidaṃ bhikkhave cetaso avupasamo. Avupasantacittassa bhikkhave anuppannaṃ ceva uddhaccakukkuccaṃ uppajjati, uppannañ ca uddhaccakukkuccaṃ bhiyyo bhāvāya veppulāya saṃvattatīti. I do not/bhikkhus/other/even one this/see/by which/un-arisen/ restlessness and remorse/arises/arisen/restlessness and remorse/to increase/to expand/leads, as/this/bhikkhu/ mind’s /unsettlement. For one with unsettled mind /bhikkhus/un- arisen/restlessness and remorse/arises, and arisen/restlessness and remorse/to increase/ to expand/ leads 1. 2. 5. Nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yena anuppannā vā vicikicchā uppajjati, uppannā vā vicikicchā bhiyyo bhāvāya vepullāya saṃvattati, yathayidaṃ bhikkhave ayoniso manasikāro. Ayoniso bhikkhave manasikaroto anuppannā ceva vicikicchā uppajjati, uppannā ca vicikicchā bhiyyo bhāvāya vepullāy saṃvattatīti. I do not/bhikkhus/other/even one this/see/by which/un-arisen/ doubt/arises/arisen/doubt/to increase/to expand/leads, as/this/bhikkhu/carelessly/attending. For one with carelessly attend /bhikkhus/un- arisen/doubt/arises, and arisen/doubt/to increase/ to expand/ leads 14 The mark of the repulsive , bhikkhubodhi 49
1. 2. 6. Nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi yena anuppanno vā kāmacchando nuppajjati, uppanno vā kāmacchando pahīyati, yathayidaṃ bhikkhave asubhanimittaṃ. Asubhanimittaṃ bhikkhave yoniso manasikaroto anuppanno ceva kāmacchando nuppajjati, uppanno ca kāmacchando pahīyatīti. I do not/bhikkhus/other/ one thing/ even/see, by which/un-arisen/sensual desire/ does not arises/arisen/sensual desire/abandons/, as this/bhikkhus/bad sign. Bad sign/bhikkhus/ carefully/to one who attends/ un-arisen/and/sensual desire/does not/arise/ arisen/sensual desire/abalones. 1. 2. 7. Nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi yena anuppanno vā vyāpādo nuppajjati, uppanno vā vyāpādo pahīyati. Yathayidaṃ bhikkhave mettā cetovimutti. Mettaṃ bhikkhave cetovimuttiṃ yoniso manasikaroto anuppanno ceva vyāpādo nuppajjati, uppanno ca vyāpādo pahīyatīti. I do not/bhikkhus/other/ one thing/ even/see, by which/un-arisen/ill will/ does not arises/arisen/ill will/abandons/, as this/bhikkhus/through loving kindness/liberation by thought/Loving kindness/bhikkhus/ mind’s liberation/to one who attends/ un- arisen/and/ill will/does not/arise/ arisen/ill-will/abandons 1. 2. 8. Nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yena anuppannaṃ vā thīnamiddhaṃ nuppajjati, uppannaṃ vā thīnamiddhaṃ pahīyati, yathayidaṃ bhikkhave ārambhadhātu nikkamadhātu parakkamadhātu. Āraddhaviriyassa bhikkhave anuppannañceva thīnamiddhaṃ nuppajjati, uppannañca thīnamiddhaṃ pahīyatīti. I do not/bhikkhus/other/ one thing/ even/see, by which/un-arisen/sloth and drowsiness/ does not arises/arisen/sloth and drowsiness/abandons/, as this/bhikkhus/element of beginning/element of persistence/element of exertion/. For one who has aroused effort/ bhikkhus/ un-arisen/sloth and drowsiness/does not arise/arisen/sloth and drowsiness/abandons. 1. 2. 9. Nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yena anuppannaṃ vā uddhaccakukkuccaṃ nuppajjati, uppannaṃ vā uddhaccakukkuccaṃ pahīyati, yathayidaṃ bhikkhave cetaso vūpasamo. Vūpasantacittassa bhikkhave anuppannaṃ ceva uddhaccakukkuccaṃ nuppajjati, uppannañca uddhaccakukkuccaṃ pahīyatīti. I do not/bhikkhus/other/ one thing/ even/see, by which/un-arisen/ restlessness and remorse / does not arises/arisen/ restlessness and remorse /abandons/, as this/bhikkhus/mind’s/calmness/. For one who has calm mind/ bhikkhus/ un-arisen/ restlessness and remorse /does not arise/arisen/ restlessness and remorse /abandons. 50
1. 2. 10. Nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi yena anuppannā vā vicikicchā nuppajjati, uppannā vā vicikicchā pahīyati. Yathayidaṃ bhikkhave yoniso manasikāro. Yoniso bhikkhave manasi karoto anuppannā ceva vicikicchā nuppajjati, uppannā ca vicikicchā pahīyatīti. Vaggo dutiyo. I do not/bhikkhus/other/ one thing/ even/see, by which/un-arisen/ doubt/ does not arises/arisen/ doubt /abandons/, as this/bhikkhus/careful/attention/. For one who has careful/attention/ bhikkhus/ un-arisen/ doubt /does not arise/arisen/ doubt/abandons. Group The two (Sāvatthinidānaṃ:) Nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yaṃ evaṃ abhāvitaṃ akammaniyaṃ hoti, yathayidaṃ cittaṃ. Cittaṃ bhikkhave abhāvitaṃ akammaniyaṃ hotīti. I do not/Bhikhus/other/ one thing/even/see/, as/thus/undeveloped/(unworkable)/is/ as this/mind. Mind/bhikkhus/undeveloped/is diactive (unworkable). 1. 3. 2. Nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yaṃ evaṃ bhāvitaṃ kammaniyaṃ hoti, yathayidaṃ cittaṃ. Cittaṃ bhikkhave bhāvitaṃ kammaniyaṃ hotīti. I do not/Bhikhus/other/ one thing/even/see/, as/thus/developed/active(workable)/is/ as this/mind. Mind/bhikkhus/developed/is active (workable). 1. 3. 3. Nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yaṃ evaṃ abhāvitaṃ mahato anatthāya saṃvattati, yathayidaṃ cittaṃ. Cittaṃ bhikkhave abhāvitaṃ mahato anatthāya saṃvattatīti. I do not/Bhikhus/other/ one thing/even/see/, as/thus/undeveloped/to great/for harm/leads/ as this/mind. Mind/bhikkhus/undeveloped/to great/for harm/leads. 1. 3. 4. Nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yaṃ evaṃ bhāvitaṃ mahato atthāya saṃvattati, yathayidaṃ cittaṃ. Cittaṃ bhikkhave bhāvitaṃ mahato atthāya saṃvattatīti. I do not/Bhikhus/other/ one thing/even/see/, as/thus/developed/to great/for benefit/leads/ as this/mind. Mind/bhikkhus/developed/to great/for benefit/leads. 51
1. 3. 5. Nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yaṃ evaṃ abhāvitaṃ apātubhūtaṃ mahato anatthāya saṃvattati. Yathayidaṃ cittaṃ. Cittaṃ bhikkhave abhāvitaṃ apātubhūtaṃ mahato anatthāya saṃvattatīti. I do not/Bhikhus/other/ one thing/even/see/, as/thus/undeveloped/unmanifested/to great/for harm/leads/ as this/mind. Mind/bhikkhus/undeveloped/unmanifested/to great/for harm/leads. 1. 3. 6. Nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yaṃ evaṃ bhāvitaṃ pātubhūtaṃ mahato atthāya saṃvattati. Yathayidaṃ cittaṃ. Cittaṃ bhikkhave bhāvitaṃ pātubhūtaṃ mahato atthāya saṃvattatīti. I do not/Bhikhus/other/ one thing/even/see/, as/thus/developed/manifested/ to great/for harm/leads/ as this/mind. Mind/bhikkhus/developed/manifested/to great/for harm/leads. 1. 3. 7. Nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yaṃ evaṃ abhāvitaṃ abahulīkataṃ mahato anatthāya saṃvattati, yathayidaṃ cittaṃ. Cittaṃ bhikkhave abhāvitaṃ abahulīkataṃ mahato anatthāya saṃvattatīti. I do not/Bhikhus/other/ one thing/even/see/, as/thus/undeveloped/unpracticed frequently /to great/for harm/leads/ as this/mind. Mind/bhikkhus/undeveloped/unpracticed frequently /to great/for harm/leads. 1. 3. 8. Nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yaṃ evaṃ bhāvitaṃ bahulīkataṃ mahato atthāya saṃvattati, yathayidaṃ cittaṃ. Cittaṃ bhikkhave bhāvitaṃ bahulīkataṃ mahato atthāya saṃvattatīti. I do not/Bhikhus/other/ one thing/even/see/, as/thus/developed/practiced frequently /to great/for harm/leads/ as this/mind. Mind/bhikkhus/developed/practiced frequently /to great/for harl/leads. 1. 3. 9. Nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yaṃ evaṃ abhāvitaṃ abahulīkataṃ dukkhāvahaṃ hoti, yathayidaṃ cittaṃ. Cittaṃ bhikkhave abhāvitaṃ abahulīkataṃ dukkhāvahaṃ hotīti. I do not/Bhikhus/other/ one thing/even/see/, as/thus/undeveloped/unpracticed frequently /unsatisfacteriness/brings/ as this/mind. Mind/bhikkhus/undeveloped/unpracticed frequently /unsatisfacteriness/brings. 52
1. 3. 10. Nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yaṃ evaṃ bhāvitaṃ bahulīkataṃ sukhāvahaṃ hoti, yathayidaṃ cittaṃ. Cittaṃ bhikkhave bhāvitaṃ bahulīkataṃ sukhāvahaṃ hotīti. I do not/Bhikhus/other/ one thing/even/see/, as/thus/developed/practiced frequently /happiness/brings/ as this/mind. Mind/bhikkhus/developed/practiced frequently /happiness/brings. Vaggo tatiyo Group three 1. 4. 1. Nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi yaṃ evaṃ adantaṃ mahato anatthāya saṃvattati, yathayidaṃ cittaṃ. Cittaṃ bhikkhave adantaṃ mahato anatthāya saṃvattatīti. I do not/Bhikhus/other/ one thing/even/see/, as/thus/uncontrolled/to great/ for harm/leads. Mind/bhikkhus/uncontrolled/to great/for harm /leads. 1. 4. 2. Nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yaṃ evaṃ dantaṃ mahato atthāya saṃvattati, yathayidaṃ cittaṃ. Cittaṃ bhikkhave dantaṃ mahato atthāya saṃvattatīti. I do not/Bhikhus/other/ one thing/even/see/, as/thus/controlled/to great/ for benefit/leads. Mind/bhikkhus/controlled/to great/for benefit /leads. 1. 4. 3. Nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi yaṃ evaṃ aguttaṃ mahato anatthāya saṃvattati, yathayidaṃ cittaṃ. Cittaṃ bhikkhave aguttaṃ mahato anatthāya saṃvattatīti. I do not/Bhikhus/other/ one thing/even/see/, as/thus/unsaved /to great/ for harm/leads. Mind/bhikkhus/unsaved/to great/for harm /leads. 1. 4. 4. Nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yaṃ evaṃ guttaṃ mahato atthāya saṃvattati, yathayidaṃ cittaṃ. Cittaṃ bhikkhave guttaṃ mahato atthāya saṃvattatīti. I do not/Bhikhus/other/ one thing/even/see/, as/thus/saved /to great/ for benefit/leads. Mind/bhikkhus/saved/to great/for benefit /leads. 53
1. 4. 5. Nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yaṃ evaṃ arakkhitaṃ mahato anatthāya saṃvattati, yathayidaṃ cittaṃ. Cittaṃ bhikkhave arakkhitaṃ mahato anatthāya saṃvattatīti. I do not/Bhikhus/other/ one thing/even/see/, as/thus/unprotected /to great/ for harm/leads. Mind/bhikkhus/unprotected/to great/for harm /leads. 1. 4. 6. Nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yaṃ evaṃ rakkhitaṃ mahato atthāya saṃvattati, yathayidaṃ cittaṃ. Cittaṃ bhikkhave rakkhitaṃ mahato atthāya saṃvattatīti. I do not/Bhikhus/other/ one thing/even/see/, as/thus/protected /to great/ for benefit/leads. Mind/bhikkhus/protected/to great/for benefit /leads. 1. 4. 7. Nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yaṃ evaṃ asaṃvutaṃ mahato anatthāya saṃvattati, yathayidaṃ cittaṃ. Cittaṃ bhikkhave asaṃvutaṃ mahato anatthāya saṃvattatīti. I do not/Bhikhus/other/ one thing/even/see/, as/thus/unclosed /to great/ for harm/leads. Mind/bhikkhus/unclosed/to great/for harm /leads. 1. 4. 8. Nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yaṃ evaṃ saṃvutaṃ mahato atthāya saṃvattati, yathayidaṃ cittaṃ. Cittaṃ bhikkhave saṃvutaṃ mahato atthāya saṃvattatīti. I do not/Bhikhus/other/ one thing/even/see/, as/thus/closed /to great/ for benefit/leads. Mind/bhikkhus/closed/to great/for benefit /leads. 1. 4. 9. Nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yaṃ evaṃ adantaṃ aguttaṃ arakkhitaṃ asaṃvutaṃ mahato anatthāya saṃvattati, yathayidaṃ cittaṃ. Cittaṃ bhikkhave adantaṃ aguttaṃ arakkhitaṃ asaṃvutaṃ mahato anatthāya saṃvattatīti. I do not/Bhikhus/other/ one thing/even/see/, as/thus/uncontrolled/unsaved/unprotected/unclosed/to great/ for harm/leads. Mind/bhikkhus/ uncontrolled/unsaved/unprotected/unclosed /to great/for harm /leads. 1. 4. 10. Nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yaṃ evaṃ dantaṃ guttaṃ rakkhitaṃ saṃvutaṃ mahato atthāya saṃvattati, yathayidaṃ cittaṃ. Cittaṃ bhikkhave dantaṃ guttaṃ rakkhitaṃ saṃvutaṃ mahato atthāya saṃvattatīti. 54
Vaggo catuttho. I do not/Bhikhus/other/ one thing/even/see/, as/thus/controlled/saved/protected/closed/to great/ for benefit/leads. Mind/bhikkhus/ controlled/saved/protected/closed /to great/for harm /leads. Vaggo Catuttho Group Four 1. 5. 1. (Sāvatthinidānaṃ) Sāvatthi’s based Seyyathāpi bhikkhave sālisūkaṃ vā yavasūkaṃ vā micchāpaṇihitaṃ hatthena vā pādena vā akkantaṃ pādaṃ vā bhecchati, lohitaṃ vā uppādessatīti. Netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Taṃ kissa hetu? Micchāpaṇihitaṃ bhikkhave sūkass. Micchāpaṇihitena cittena avijjaṃ bhecchati, vijjaṃ uppādessati, nibbāṇaṃ sacchikarissatīti. Netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Taṃ kissa hetu? Micchāpaṇihitattā bhikkhave cittassāti. Just as/bhikkhus/rice’s awn/or/barle’s awn/misdirected/by hand/or/by foot/or/stepped/foot/or/break/blood/or/will create. Not this/place/exists. To it/what/ the reason? Misdirecttion/of awn. By misdirected/by mind/ignorance break/knowledge/will create/Nirvāṇa/will realize//Not/this place/exists. To it/what/the reason?. By misdirected/bhikkhu/of mind 1. 5. 2. Seyyathāpi bhikkhave sālisūkaṃ vā yavasūkaṃ vā sammāpaṇihitaṃ hatthena vā pādena vā akkantaṃ hatthaṃ vā pādaṃ vā bhecchati, lohitaṃ vā uppādessatīti. Ṭhānametaṃ vijjati. Taṃ kissa hetu? Sammāpaṇihitattā bhikkhave sūkassa. Evameva kho bhikkhave so vata bhikkhu sammāpaṇihitena cittena avijjaṃ bhecchati, vijjaṃ uppādessati, nibbāṇaṃ sacchikarissatīti. Ṭhānametaṃ vijjati. Taṃ kissa hetu ? Sammāpaṇihitattā bhikkhave cittassāti. Just as/bhikkhus/rice’s awn/or/barley’s awn/well-directed/by hand/or/by foot/or/stepped/foot/or/break/blood/or/will create. Such place/exists. To it/what/ the reason/Well-direction/of awn. Thus/as/ bhikkhu/that/exactly/bhikkhu/well- directed/mind/ignorance/break/knowledge/will create/nirvāṇa/will realize. Such place/exists. To it/what/the reason? Well-direction/of mind. 1. 5. 3. Idāhaṃ bhikkhave ekaccaṃ puggalaṃ paduṭṭhacittaṃ evaṃ cetasā ceto paricca pajānāmi: imamhi ce ayaṃ samaye puggalo kālaṃ kareyya, yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ niraye. Taṃ kissa hetu? Cittaṃ hissa bhikkhave paduṭṭhaṃ. Cetopadosahetucca pana bhikkhave evam idhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā parammaraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjantīti. Here/I/bhikkhus/some/person/who is corrupt minded/thus/through the mind/ having encompassed/know: in this/time/person/is passed away, according to/upbringing/put/thus/in hell. To it/what/the reason? The mind/of this person/bhikkhus/polluted. Thought’s polluted causes.bhikkhus/thus/here/some beings/of body/separated/after the death/the hell/in bad status/in lower/in the hell/ born. 55
1. 5. 4. Idāhaṃ bhikkhave ekaccaṃ puggalaṃ pasannacittaṃ evaṃ cetasā ceto paricca pajānāmi. Imamhi ce ayaṃ samaye puggalo kālaṃ kareyya, yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ sagge. Taṃ kissa hetu? Cittaṃ hissa bhikkhave pasannaṃ. Cetopasādahetucca pana bhikkhave evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā parammaraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjantīti. Here/I/bhikkhus/some/person/who is pleasant minded/thus/through the mind/ having encompassed/know: in this/time/person/is passed away, according to/upbringing/put/thus/in heaven. To it/what/the reason? The mind/of this person/bhikkhus/pleasant. Thought’s pleasant causes/bhikkhus/thus/here/some beings/of body/separated/after the death/in good status/in the heavenly world/ born. 1. 5. 5. Seyyathāpi bhikkhave udakarahado āvilo lulito kalalībhūto, tattha cakkhumā puriso tīre ṭhito na passeyya sippisambukampi sakkharakaṭhalampi macchagumbampi carantampi tiṭṭhantamapi. Taṃ kissa hetu? Āvilattā bhikkhave udakassa. Evameva kho bhikkhave so vata bhikkhu āvilena cittena attatthaṃ vā ñassati, paratthaṃ vā ñassati, ubhayatthaṃ vā ñassati, uttariṃ vā manussadhammāalamariyañāṇadassanavisesaṃ sacchikarissatīti, netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Taṃ kissa hetu? Āvilattā bhikkhave cittassāti. Just as/bhikkhus/water of pool/was disturbed/was stirred /was buddy/there/person with eyes/ on the bank/stood/could not see/shells or /gravel or/shoals of fish/those who walk or/stand. To it/what’s/the reason? Because of disturbed/bhikkhus/of water/As thus/bhikkhus/that/ exactly/bhikkhu/with disturbed mind/self-benefit/or/knows/other’s benefit or/knows/both’s benefit or/know/to great or/human quality/which is enough/noble status/will realize/ this place/not exists. To it/what’s/the reason? Disturbance/bhikkhus/of mind. 1. 5. 6. Seyyathāpi bhikkhave udakarahado accho vippasanno anāvilo, tattha cakkhumā puriso tīre ṭhito passeyya sippisambukampi sakkharakaṭhalampi macchagumbampi carantampi tiṭṭhantamapi. Taṃ kissa hetu? Anāvilattā bhikkhave udakassa. Evameva kho bhikkhave so vata bhikkhu anāvilena cittena attatthaṃ vā ñassati, paratthaṃ vā ñassati, ubhayatthaṃ vā ñassati, uttariṃ vā manussadhammā alamariyañāṇadassanavisesaṃ sacchikarissatīti, ṭhānametaṃ vijjati. Taṃ kissa hetu? Anāvilattā bhikkhave cittassāti. Just as/bhikkhus/water of pool/very pleasant/not disturbed/ there/person with eyes/ on the bank/stood/could see/shells or /gravel or/shoals of fish/those who walk or/stand. To it/what’s/the reason? Because of cleansing/bhikkhus/of water/As thus/bhikkhus/that/ exactly/bhikkhu/with pleasant mind/self-benefit/or/knows/other’s benefit or/knows/both’s benefit or/know/to great or/human quality/which is enough/noble status/will realize/ this place/ exists. To it/what’s/the reason? Pleasant/bhikkhus/of mind. 56
1. 5. 7. Seyyathāpi bhikkhave yāni kānici rukkhajātānaṃ Chandano tesaṃ aggamakkhāyati, yadidaṃ mudutāya ceva kammaññatāya ca. Evameva kho ahaṃ bhikkhave na aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yaṃ evaṃ bhāvitaṃ bahulīkataṃ mudu ca hoti kammaññañca yathayidaṃ cittaṃ. Cittaṃ bhikkhave bhāvitaṃ bahulīkataṃ mudu ca hoti kammaññañcāti. Just as/bhikkhus/whatever/of trees’ types/sandwood /their/top(the best)/is said/as this/ by means of softeness/ and/ by means of activity. As thus/.bhikkhus/ do not.other/one thing/see/, as thus/ developed/ practiced frequently / /is soft/and/active/as mind. Mind/bhikkhus/developed/and practiced frequently /is soft/and active. 1. 5. 8. Nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yaṃ evaṃ lahuparivattaṃ, yathayidaṃ cittaṃ, yāvañcidaṃ bhikkhave upamāpi na sukarā yāva lahuparivattaṃ cittanti. I do not/bhikkhus/other/one thing even/see/as thus/quickly changes/as thus/mind, what this/bhikkhus/even simile/is not easy/as/quickly changes/mind. 1. 5. 9. Pabhassaramidaṃ bhikkhave cittaṃ, tañca kho āgantukehi upakkilesehi upakkiliṭṭhanti. Luminous/this/bhikkhus/mind, it’s too/by adventurous defilements/defines 1. 5. 10. Pabhassaramidaṃ bhikkhave cittaṃ, tañca kho āgantukehi upakkilesehi vippamuttanti. Luminous/this/bhikkhus/mind, its too/by guest defilements/frees Vaggo pañcamo Group five 6. Pabhassaravaggo Luminous’s Group 1. 6. 1. Pabhassaramidaṃ bhikkhave cittaṃ tañca kho āgantukehi upakkilesehi upakkiliṭṭhaṃ. Taṃ assutavā puthujjano yathābhūtaṃ nappanājāti. Tasmā assutavato puthujjanassa cittabhāvanā natthīti vadāmīti. Luminous/this/bhikkhus/mind, it’s too/by guest defilements/defines. That/ignorant/ordinary person/as it is/does not know. Therefore/to ignorant/ to ordinary person/mind’s development/is not/ say. 1. 6. 2. Pabhassaramidaṃ bhikkhave cittaṃ tañca kho āgantukehi upakkilesehi vippamuttaṃ. Taṃ sutavā ariyasāvako yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Tasmā sutavato ariyasāvakassa cittabhāvanā atthīti vadāmīti. 57
Luminous/this/bhikkhus/mind, it’s too/by guest defilements/well freed. That/well- heard/noble disciple/ as it is/knows. Therefore/to well-heard/ to noble disciple/mind’s development/is/say. 1. 6. 3. Accharāsaṅghātamattampi ce bhikkhave bhikkhu mettaṃ cittaṃ āsevati, ayaṃ vuccati bhikkhave bhikkhu arittajjhāno viharati, satthusāsanakaro ovādapatikaro amoghaṃ raṭṭhapiṇḍaṃ bhuñjati. Ko pana vādo ye naṃ bahulīkarontīti. For a finger snap’s time or/bhikkhus/bhikkhu/loving kindness’s/mind/practices, this/says/bhikkhus/a bhikkhu/ who is devoid of absorption/dwells, master’s teaching doer/advice’s/doer/vain/country’s food/eats. Who does/says? Those/ who not/cultivate. 1. 6. 4. Accharāsaṅghātamattampi ce bhikkhave bhikkhu mettaṃ cittaṃ bhāveti, ayaṃ vuccati bhikkhave bhikkhu arittajjhāno viharati, satthusāsanakaro ovādapatikaro amoghaṃ raṭṭhapiṇḍaṃ bhuñjati. Ko pana vādo ye naṃ bahulīkarontīti. For a finger snap’s time or/bhikkhus/bhikkhu/loving kindness’s/mind/cultivates, this/says/bhikkhus/a bhikkhu/ who is devoid of absorption/dwells, master’s teaching doer/advice’s/doer/vain/country’s food/eats. Who does/says? Those/ who not/cultivate. 1. 6. 5. Accharāsaṅghātamattampi ce bhikkhave bhikkhu mettaṃ cittaṃ manasikaroti, ayaṃ vuccati bhikkhave bhikkhu arittajjhāno viharati, satthusāsanakaro ovādapatikaro amoghaṃ raṭṭhapiṇḍaṃ bhuñjati. Ko pana vādo ye naṃ bahulīkarontīti. For a finger snap’s time or/bhikkhus/bhikkhu/loving kindness’s/mind/reminds(recollects), this/says/bhikkhus/a bhikkhu/ who is devoid of absorption/dwells, master’s teaching doer/advice’s/doer/vain/country’s food/eats. Who does/says? Those/ who not/cultivate. 1. 6. 6. Ye keci bhikkhave dhammā akusalā akusalabhāgiyā akusalapakkhikā, sabbe te manopubbaṅgamā. Mano tesaṃ dhammānaṃ paṭhamaṃ uppajjati, anvadeva akusalā dhammāti. Whatever/bhikkhus/qualities/unwholesome/unwholesome partake/unwholsome’s pertain/they are/mind forerunner. Mind/of those/qualities/frist/arises, accordingly/unwholesome/qualities. 1. 6. 7. Ye keci bhikkhave dhammā kusalā kusalabhāgiyā kusalapakkhikā, sabbe te manopubbaṅgamā. Mano tesaṃ dhammānaṃ paṭhamaṃ uppajjati, anvadeva kusalā dhammāti. 58
Whatever/bhikkhus/qualities/wholesome/unwholesome’s partake/wholsome’s pertain/they are/mind forerunner. Mind/of those/qualities/frist/arises, accordingly/wholesome/qualities. 1. 6. 8. Nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yena anuppannā vā akusalā dhammā uppajjanti, uppannā vā kusalā dhammā parihāyanti, yathayidaṃ bhikkhave pamādo. Pamattassa bhikkhave anuppannā ceva akusalā dhammā uppajjanti, uppannā ca Kusalā dhammā parihāyantīti. I do not/bhikkhus/other/one thing even/see/ by which/un- arisen/or/unwholesome/qualities(qualities) arise/arisen/unwholesome/qualities/decline/as this/bhikkhu/heedlessness. To one who is heedless/un-arisen/unwholesome/qualities/arise/ arisen/ and/wholesome/qualities/decline. 1. 6. 9. Nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yena anuppannā vā kusalā dhammā uppajjanti, uppannā vā akusalā dhammā parihāyanti, yathayidaṃ bhikkhave appamādo. Appamattassa bhikkhave anuppannā ceva kusalā dhammā uppajjanti, uppannā ca akusalā dhammā parihāyantīti. I do not/bhikkhus/other/one thing even/see/ by which/un- arisen/or/unwholesome/qualities(qualities) arise/arisen/wholesome/qualities/decline/as this/bhikkhu/heedlessness. To one who is heedless/un- arisen/unwholesome/qualities/arise/ arisen/ and/wholesome/qualities/decline. 1. 6. 10. Nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yena anuppannā vā akusalā dhammā uppajjanti, uppannā vā kusalā dhammā parihāyanti, yathayidaṃ bhikkhave kosajjaṃ. Kusītassa bhikkhave anuppannā ceva akusalā dhammā uppajjanti, uppannā ca kusalā dhammā parihāyantīti. I do not/bhikkhus/other/one thing even/see/ by which/un- arisen/or/unwholesome/qualities(qualities) arise/arisen/qualities/decline/as this/bhikkhu/laziness. To one who is lazy/un-arisen/unwholesome/qualities/arise/ arisen/ and/wholesome/qualities/decline. Vaggo chaṭṭhā/ Group Six 59
Chapter 4 Suttantapiṭaka, Khuddakanikāya, Khuddakapāṭha, Dhammapada, Udāna, Itivuttaka, Suttanipāta Translated Tipiṭaka Book 25 Khuddakanikāya Volume 1 Introduction Khuddakanikāya is considered as the 5th Nikāya (Collection) of the Tipiṭaka 5 Nikāya. According to the meaning of this Nikāya, Khuddaka means “smaller.” Khuddakanikāya, is, then, “Smaller Collection.” There are 9 volumes of Khuddakanikāya, which are arranged as Tipiṭaka Books 25 to 33 of the 45 Tipiṭaka Books. The names and content topics of the 9 volumes of Khuddakanikāya are listed as follows: Volume 1. (Tipiṭaka Book 25) consists of Khuddakapāṭha, Dhammupada, Udāna, Itivuttaka, Suttanipāta Volume 2. (Tipiṭaka Book 26) consists of Vimānavatthu, Petavatthu, Theragāthā, Therīgāthā Volume 3+4. (Tipiṭaka Books 27 and 28) consist of Jātaka Paṭhamabhāga, Jātaka Dutiyabhāya Volume 5+6. (Tipiṭaka Books 29 and 30) consist of Niddesa (Mahāniddesa), Niddesa (Cuḷaniddesa) Volume 7. (Tipiṭaka Book 31) consists of Paṭisambhidāmagga Volume 8. (Tipiṭaka Book 32) consists of Apadāna Paṭhamabhāga, Volume 9. (Tipiṭaka Book 33) consists of Apadāna Dutiyabhāga, Buddhavaṃsa, Cariyāpiṭaka Suttantapiṭaka Khuddakanikāya: Volume 1. The first volume of Khuddakanikāya or Tipiṭaka Book 25 which means “Smaller Collection” has been divided into 5 categories: 1. Khuddakapāṭha means “shorter texts” or “the Texts of Small Passage” which are considered as the fundamental Dhamma topics before going further to the higher ones. 60
2. Dhammapada means “Way of Truth” or “An Anthology of Sayings of the Buddha.” There are 423 sayings in this category. To count saying relies on the number of stanzas, that is one stanza or one stanza and a half is considered as one saying (Pada). Among the 423 sayings, there are 300 topics. The topics containing the same content are put into the same group. In Dhammapada, there are 26 groups (Vagga) of sayings. 3. Udāna means “an utterance” referring in particular the Solemn Utterance of the Buddha. In this category, there are 8 groups. Each group contains 10 discourses, arranged in 95 stanzas. 4. Itivuttaka means “Thus said,” involving the discourses begin with “vuttaṃ hetaṃ Bhagavatā” (Indeed the discourse has been uttered by the Fortunate One). The word “vutta” means “being uttered,” hetaṃ means “cause,” Bhagavā means “the Fortunate One.” In this category, there are 112 discourses, divided into 4 Sections (Nipāta). 5. Suttanipāta means “Discourse Section” composed in verse or stanza (Gāthā). In some part of the category, the discourses are given in form of prose (Veyyakaraṇa) but still verses embedded. The combination is well known as Geyya (poem). In Suttanipāta, there are 5 groups consist of 70 discourses of 1,156 stanzas. Suttantapiṭaka, Khuddakanikāya, Khuddakapāṭha In this chapter, the example passages given to be study are extracted from the first part of the Volume called Khuddakapāṭha. According to the meaning, Khuddakapāṭha or “short texts” contains short texts as follows: 1. Saraṇagamma means taking refuge (in the Triple Gem), with another two meanings. 1.1 the name of Triple Gem: the Buddha, the Dhamma, the Saṅgha 1.2 the mind being induced to faith and respect consistently in the Triple Gem 2. Dasasikkhāpada means “Ten Training Rules” consisting of Adhisīla, Adhicitta, and Adhipaññā. Another meaning of Sikkhāpada is “Abstinence” (Veramaṇī). That is to abstain from not to act (Akiriyā), no 61
offence (Anajjhāpatti), going beyond time (Veḷā-atikkama), etc. in 10 training rules. The Dasasikkhāpada are the rules for novices to practice. 3. Davatthiṃsākāra means 32 organs of human body, being recognized for practicing subjects for meditation with considering the 32 organs as the practice base. 4. Samāṇerapañha means the questions from the novice before being ordained. The novice mentioned in this text is Sopāka who attained Arahantship when he was seven years old. Sopāka could answer the questions on 10 qualities of the Arahant, by the Buddha. 5. Maṅgalasutta means “Blessings.” There are 38 blessings explained in this text. Maṅgalasutta is well-known among Buddhists in Thailand because the monks always use to preach to people (The detail of Maṅgalasutta can be further studies). 6. Ratanasutta means discourses on precious things, implies the Fortunate One who is the highest valuable person in the world, the Dhamma, the highest valuable doctrine, and Saṅgha who is the Arahant. In brief, Ratanasutta is the text explained about the Triple Gem. 7. Tirokuḍḍasutta means the discourses on the departed ones outside the house who committed unwholesome deeds while alive. The text involves the discourses between the Fortunate One and King Bimbisāra that the King should perform merits to those departed ones who always disturbed him. 8. Nidhikaṇḍasutta means the discourses made by the Fortunate One on the hidden treasure: The four kinds of treasures are explained in the text: Thāvaranidhi (permanent treasure), Jaṃgamanidhi (movable treasure), Aṅgasamanidhi (attached treasure), and Anugāmikanidhi (follower treasure). 9. Mettasutta means the discourses on benevolence that the Fortunate One taught the monks they should chant the discourse to purify mind. The Translated Khuddakanikāya In this chapter, Khuddakapāṭha, the first part of Khuddakanikāya Volume 1 is cited as the example of translation study practice. It can be remarked here. 62
Khuddakapāṭha is the short text consisting of 9 texts. The example passages for study are given below. Exercise 1. After practicing to translate word-by-word meaning of the cited passages attached below, explain how much you understand and rewrite into your own present language. 2. Study Maṅgalasutta cited in the passage, explain 2.1 Original expressions you understand 2.2 Maṅgalasutta in detail on type, category 3. What is the significance of Ratanasutta? 4. Study the passage and tell in the group what are the precious treasure (Nidhi), what is the most valuable. 5. What is the gist of purpose the Fortuante One explained to the Saṅgha? 6. How much you learn from practicing the Ten Training Rules from the studied passage? 63
Suttantapiṭake Khuddakanikāyo (Paṭhamo gantho) Khuddakapāṭhapāḷi In the Basket of Discourse/in the Small Collection/ (First Book)/The Small Passage/ Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa. Homage/to that/to the Fortunate One/to the Noble One/to the Fully Enlightened One/ 1. Saraṇagamanaṃ Going to the refuge Buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi. Dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi. Saṅghaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi. To the Buddha/to the refuge/I go To the dhamma/to the refuge/I go To the saṅgha/to the refuge/I go Dutiyampi buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi. Dutiyampi dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi. Dutiyampi saṅghaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi. The second time, too/to the Buddha/to the refuge/I go The second time, too/to the dhamma/to the refuge/I go The second time, too/to the saṅgha/to the refuge/I go Tatiyampi buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi. Tatiyampi dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi. Tatiyampi saṅghaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi. The third time, too/to the Buddha/to the refuge/I go The third time, too/to the dhamma/to the refuge/I go The third time, too/to the saṅgha/to the refuge/I go Saraṇagamanaṃ/going to the refuge 2. Dasasikkhāpadaṃ Precept of the ten Pāṇātipātā veramaṇīsikkhāpadaṃ samādiyāmi. The being/killing/precept of abstaining/I observe/ Adinnādānā veramaṇisikkhāpadaṃ samādiyāmi. What is not give/taking/the precept of abstaining/I observe/ Abrahmacariyā veramaṇīsikkhāpadaṃ samādiyāmi. From un-chastity/the precept of abstaining/I observe/ 64
Musāvādā veramaṇisikkhāpadaṃ samādiyāmi. Speaking of false/the precept of abstaining/I observe/ Surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā veramaṇisikkhāpadaṃ samādiyāmi. Fermented/distilled/liquor/places of indolence/the precept of abstaining/I observe/ Vikālabhojanā veramaṇīsikkhāpadaṃ samādiyāmi. From inappropriate meals/the precept of abstaining/I observe/ Naccagītavāditavisūkadassanā veramaṇīsikkhāpadaṃ samādiyāmi. Dancing/singing/music/visiting shows/the precept of abstaining/I observe/ Mālāgandhavilepanadhāraṇamaṇḍanavibhūsanaṭṭhānā veramaṇīsikkhāpadaṃ samādiyāmi. The garlands/fragrance/applying cosmetic/wearing ornaments/places for the adornments/the precept of abstaining/I observe/ Uccāsayanamahāsayanā veramaṇīsikkhāpadaṃ samādiyāmi. The high beds/the valuable beds/the precept of abstaining/I observe/ Jātarūparajatapaṭiggahaṇā veramaṇīsikkhāpadaṃ samādiyāmi. Verity of gold and silver/accepting/the precept of abstaining/I observe/ Dasasikkhāpadaṃ/the precept of the ten/ 3. Dvattiṃsākāraṃ/the constituent of thirty-two/ Atthi imasmiṃ kāye kesā lomā nakhā dantā taco maṃsaṃ nahārū aṭṭhi aṭṭhimiñjaṃ vakkaṃ hadayaṃ yakanaṃ kilomakaṃ pihakaṃ papphāsaṃ antaṃ antaguṇaṃ udariyaṃ karīsaṃ pittaṃ semhaṃ pubbo lohitaṃ sedo medo assu vasā khelo siṅghānikā lasikā muttaṃ matthake matthaluṅganti. There is/in this/in the body/the hair/hair (of the body)/ nails/ teeth/ skin/ flesh/ sinews/ bones/ marrows/kidneys/heart/liver/pleura/spleen/lungs/lower intestine/ bowels/ stomach/ excrement/ bile/phlegm/pus/blood/sweat/fat/tears/tallow/sputum/mucus of the nose/synovia fluid/urine/the head of the brain/ Dvattiṃsākāraṃ/ the constituent of thirty-two 4. Kumārapañhā/the questions of the young Ekaṃ nāma kiṃ? Sabbe sattā āhāraṭṭhitikā. What is one? All beings/are sustained by the food/ Dve nāma kiṃ? Nāmañca rūpañca. What are the two? Name and form/ Tīṇi nāma kiṃ? Tisso vedanā. 65
What are the three? Three feelings/ Cattārī nāma kiṃ? Cattārī ariyasaccāni. What are the four? Four Noble Truths/ Pañca nāma kiṃ? Pañcupādānakkhandhā. What are the five? Five clinging-factors/ Cha nāma kiṃ? Cha ajjhattikāni āyatanāni. What are the six? The six internal spheres/ Satta nāma kiṃ?Satta bojjhaṅgā. What are the seven? Seven factors of the enlightenment/ Aṭṭha nāma kiṃ? Ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo. What are the eight? The noble eightfold path/ Nava nāma kiṃ? Nava sattāvāsā. What are the nine? Nine abodes of beings Dasa nāma kiṃ? Dasahaṅgehi samannāgato arahā’ti vuccatīti. What are the ten? With the ten parts/endowed/the noble one/as said/ Kumārapañhā/The questions of the young 5. Maṅgalasuttaṃ/The discourse of the auspicious Evaṃ me sutaṃ: ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho aññatarā devatā abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇā kevalakappaṃ jetavanaṃ obhāsetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami. Upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho sā devatā bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi. Thus/by me/have heard/at one time/the Fortunate One/at Sāvatthi/lives/in Jeta’s grove/of Anāthapiṇḍika/in the monastery/then/indeed/a certain deity/in the advanced/in the night/in surpassing colour/entire/Jeta’s grove/having brightened/where/the Fortunate One/approached there/having approached/the Fortunate One/having worshiped/in a side/stood/in a side/being stood/indeed/that deity/to the Fortunate One/with a stanza/spoke/ 1. Bahū devā manussā ca maṅgalāni acintayuṃ, Ākaṅkhamānā sotthānaṃ brūhi maṅgalamuttamaṃ Many/gods/humans/and/the auspicious/thought/ Expecting/the happiness/say/the auspicious/the highest/ 2. Asevanā ca bālānaṃ paṇḍitānaṃ ca sevanā, Pūjā ca pūjanīyānaṃ etaṃ maṅgalamuttamaṃ. Non-association/of the fools/of the wise-ones/and/the association/ 66
Respecting/and/to those are respectable/this is/the auspicious/the highest/ 3.. Patirūpadesavāso ca pubbe ca katapuññatā Attasammāpaṇīdhi ca etaṃ maṅgalamuttamaṃ. Suitable/in premises/living/and/before/possessing of the performed merit/ Self/well/establishment/and/this is/the auspicious/the highest/ 4. Bāhusaccañca sippañca vinayo ca susikkhito Subhāsitā ca yā vācā etaṃ maṅgalamuttamaṃ. The profound knowledge/and/learned arts/the discipline/and/well-trained/ Well-spoken/whatever/word/this is/the auspicious/the highest/ 5. Mātāpituupaṭṭhānaṃ puttadārassa saṅgaho Anākūlā ca kammantā etaṃ maṅgalamuttamaṃ. Mother/father/attending/to the children and wife/treating/ Unconfused/and/livelihoods/ this is/the auspicious/the highest/ 6. Dānaṃ ca dhammacariyā ca ñātakānañca saṅgaho Anavajjāni kammāni etaṃ maṅgalamuttamaṃ. Offering/and/the practicing of the virtues/and/to the relatives/treating/ Faultless works/ this is/the auspicious/the highest/ 7. Ārati virati pāpā majjapānā ca saññamo Appamādo ca dhammesū etaṃ maṅgalamuttamaṃ. Abstinence/refraining from the sins/drinking of the liquor/restraint/ Being watchfulness/in the dhammas/this is/the auspicious/the highest/ 8. Gāravo ca nivāto ca santuṭṭhī ca kataññutā Kālena dhammasavaṇaṃ etaṃ maṅgalamuttamaṃ. Being respect one/and/being with humbleness/and/being satisfied one/and/being with the gratitude/ By the time/listening of the dhamma/ this is/the auspicious/the highest/ 9. Khantī ca sovacassatā samaṇānañcadassanaṃ Kālena dhammasākacchā etaṃ maṅgalamuttamaṃ. Being patient/and/being with the nature of good-word/having the sight of recluses/ By the time/discussion of the dhamma/this is/the auspicious/the highest/ 10. Tapo ca brahmacariyañca ariyasaccānadassanaṃ Nibbāṇasacchikiriyā ca etaṃ maṅgalamuttamaṃ. Austerity/and/the practice of the religious life/having the sight of the noble truths/ The realization of the Nibbāṇa/ this is/the auspicious/the highest/ 67
11. Puṭṭhassa lokadhammehi cittaṃ yassa na kampati Asokaṃ virajaṃ khemaṃ etaṃ maṅgalamuttamaṃ. Being touched by the world conditions/the mind/of anyone/does not shake/ Being no sorrow/dustless (free from the defilement)/secure/ this is/the auspicious/the highest/ 12. Etādisāni katvāna sabbattha maparājitā Sabbattha sotthiṃ gacchanti taṃ tesaṃ maṅgalamuttamanti. These types of things/having done/everywhere/being undefeated/ Everywhere/to the happiness/go/that/for them/auspicious/the highest/ Maṅgalasuttaṃ/the discourse of auspicious 6. Ratanasuttaṃ/the discourse of Jewel 1. Yānīdha bhūtāni samāgatāni Bhummāni vā yāni va antaḷikkhe Sabbeva bhūtā sumanā bhavantu Atho’pi sakkacca suṇantu bhāsitaṃ. Whoever/here/the spirits/have gathered/ Those are in the earth/or/whoever/in the air/ All spirits/possessors of the good minds/Let be/ Then/carefully/let listen/what is said/ 2. Tasmā hi bhūtā nisāmetha sabbe Mettaṃ karotha mānusiyā pajāya. Divā ca ratto ca haranti ye baliṃ Tasmā hi ne rakkhatha appamattā. Therefore/the spirits/gather/all/ The loving kindness/do/for the human/for the mankind/ The day/and/the night/take/whoever/the offerings/ Therein/them/protect/diligently/ 3. Yaṃ kiñci vittaṃ idha vā huraṃ vā Saggesu vā yaṃ ratanaṃ paṇītaṃ Na no samaṃ atthi tathāgatena Idampi buddhe ratanaṃ paṇītaṃ Etena saccena suvatthi hotu. Whatever/wealth/here/or/in the other world/or/ In the heaven/what jewel/is the excellent/ Not/our/a similar one/there is/with the Thus Gone One/ This, too/at the Buddha/the jewel/is the excellent/ Due to this truth-word/the happiness/may there be/ 68
4. Khayaṃ virāgaṃ amataṃ paṇītaṃ Yadajjhagā sakyamunī samāhito Na tena dhammena samatthi kiñci Idampi dhamme ratanaṃ paṇītaṃ Etena saccena suvatthi hoti. Extinction/detachment/deathlessness/excellence/ What/attained/the Sage of Sākyan/being composed/ No/with that dhamma/equal/the thing/ This, too/in the dhamma/the jewel/is the excellent/ Due to this truth-word/the happiness/may there be/ 5. Yambuddhaseṭṭho parivaṇṇayī suciṃ Samādhimānantarikaññamāhu Samādhinā tena samo na vijjati Idampi dhamme ratanaṃ paṇītaṃ Etena saccena suvatthi hotu. Whatever/the Great Buddha/praised/purification/ The concentration/follow/the other thing/was said/ With the concentration/with that/an equal thing/not/exists/ This, too/in the dhamma/the jewel/is the excellent/ Due to this truth-word/the happiness/may there be/ 6. Ye puggalā aṭṭhasatampasatthā Cattāri etāni yugāni honti Te dakkhiṇeyyā sugatassa sāvakā Etesu dinanāni mahapphalāni. Idampi saṅghe ratanaṃ paṇītaṃ Etena sacce suvatthi hotu. Whoever persons/the eight/are praised/ Four/these/couples/are/ They/could be offered/of the Well-gone One/the disciples/ At these/what have been offered/possess the great result/ This, too/in the saṅgha/the jewel/is the excellent/ Due to this truth-word/the happiness/may there be/ 7. Ye suppayuttā manasā daḷhena Nikkāmino gotamasāsanamhi Te pattipattā amataṃ vigayha Laddhā mudhā nibbutiṃ bhuñjamānā. Idampi saṅghe ratanaṃ paṇītaṃ Etena saccena suvatthi hotu. Whoever/are well engaged/with the mind/with the firmed/ Being renounced/at the dispensation of Gotama/ They/attained gradually/the deathlessness/having plunged/ Being obtained/being free/the peace/being experienced/ 69
This, too/in the saṅgha/the jewel/is the excellent/ Due to this truth-word/the happiness/may there be/ 8. Yathindakhīlo paṭhaviṃsito siyā Catubbhi vātebhi asampakampiyo Tathūpamaṃ sappurisaṃ vadāmi Yo ariyasaccāni avecca passati. Idampi saṅghe ratanaṃ paṇītaṃ Etena saccena suvatthi hotu. Just as the strong post/stuck in the earth/being/ With four/with the winds/being unshaken/ Similar to that/the virtues one/I say/ Whoever/the noble truths/having known/sees/ This, too/in the saṅgha/the jewel/is the excellent/ Due to this truth-word/the happiness/may there be/ 9. Ye ariyasaccāni vibhāvayanti Gambhīrapaññena sudesitāni Kiñcāpi te honti bhusappamattā Na te bhavaṃ aṭṭhamaṃ ādiyanti Idampi saṅghe ratanaṃ paṇītaṃ Etena saccena suvatthi hotu. Those who/the noble truths/understand well/ By the Possessor of the Deep Knowledge/well-preached/ Even any/they/are/exceedingly indolent/ Not/they/the existence/an eighth/accept/ This, too/in the saṅgha/the jewel/is the excellent/ Due to this truth-word/the happiness/may there be/ 10. Sahāvassa dassanasampadāya Tayassu dhammā jahitā bhavanti Sakkāyadiṭṭhi vicikicchitañca Sīlabbataṃ vāpi yadatthi kiñci Catuhapāyehi ca vippamutto Cha cābhiṭhānāni abhabbo kātuṃ Idampi saṅghe ratanaṃ paṇītaṃ Etena saccena suvatthi hotu. Together his/with the attainment of insight/ Three/these/dhammas/abandoned/are/ The view of the existence of body/doubt/and/ Virtue and practice/even/there is/whatever/ From the four hells/being free/ Six/deadly crimes/incapable/to commit/ This, too/in the saṅgha/the jewel/is the excellent/ Due to this truth-word/the happiness/may there be/ 70
11. Kiñcāpi so kammaṃ karoti pāpakaṃ Kāyena vācā uda cetasā vā Abhabbo so tassa paṭicchādāya Abhabbatā diṭṭhapadassa vuttā. Idampi saṅghe ratanaṃ paṇītaṃ Etena saccena suvatthi hotu. Even little/he/a deed/commits/evil/ By the body/by the word/or/by the thought/or/ Incapable/he/its/for hiding/ Incapability/to the one who has seen the state(of nibbāṇa)/is said/ This, too/in the saṅgha/the jewel/is the excellent/ Due to this truth-word/the happiness/may there be/ 12. Vanappagumbe yathā phūssitagge Gimhānamāse paṭhamasmiṃ gimhe Tathūpamaṃ dhammavaraṃ adesayī Nibbāṇagāmiṃ paramaṃ hitāya Idampi buddhe ratanaṃ paṇitaṃ Etena saccena suvatthi hotu In the woodland/just as/blossomed at the top/ In the month summer/at the first season of the summer/ Similar to that/the great dhamma/preached/ Take to the nibbāṇa/the highest/for the benefit/ This, too/in the Buddha/the jewel/is the excellent/ Due to this truth-word/the happiness/may there be/ 13. Varo varaññū varado varāharo Anuttaro dhammavaraṃ adesayī. Idampi buddhe ratanaṃ paṇītaṃ Etena saccena suvatthi hotu. The Greatest/the Knower of the Greatest/the Giver of the Greatest/the Taker of the Greatest/ The Incomparable One/the great dhamma/preached/ This, too/in the Buddha/the jewel/is the excellent/ Due to this truth-word/the happiness/may there be/ 14. Khīṇaṃ purāṇaṃ navaṃ natthi sambhavaṃ Virattacittā āyatike bhavasmiṃ. Te khīṇabījā aviruḷhicchandā Nibbanti dhīrā yathāyampadīpo. Idampi saṅghe ratanaṃ paṇītaṃ Etena saccena suvatthi hotu. Destroyed/what was the past/the new/there is no/arising/ Being of the minds of unattached/in the future/in the existence/ They/being destroyed seeds/being not grown of the desire/ Pass away/the wise ones/just as this lamp/ 71
This, too/in the saṅgha/the jewel/is the excellent/ Due to this truth-word/the happiness/may there be/ 15. Yānīdha bhūtāni samāgatāni Bhummāni vā yāni va antaḷikkhe Tathāgataṃ devamanussapūjitaṃ Buddhaṃ namassāma suvatthi hotu. Whoever/here/the spirits/have gathered/ Those are in the earth/or/whoever/in the air/ The Thus Gone One/venerated by the gods and humans/ The Buddha/may we worship/may the happiness/be there/ Yānīdha bhūtāni samāgatāni Bhummāni vā yāni va antaḷikkhe Tathāgataṃ devamanussapūjitaṃ Dhammaṃ namassāma suvatthi hotu. Whoever/here/the spirits/have gathered/ Those are in the earth/or/whoever/in the air/ The Thus Gone One/venerated by the gods and humans/ The Dhamma/may we worship/may the happiness/be there/ Yānīdha bhūtāni samāgatāni Bhummāni vā yāni va antaḷikkhe Tathāgataṃ devamanussapūjitaṃ Saṅghaṃ namassāma suvatthi hotu. Whoever/here/the spirits/have gathered/ Those are in the earth/or/whoever/in the air/ The Thus Gone One/venerated by the gods and humans/ The Saṅgha/may we worship/may the happiness/be there/ Ratanasuttaṃ/the Discourse of Jewel/ 7. Tirokuḍḍasuttaṃ/the Discourse of Tirokuḍḍa (outside the wall) 1. Tirokuḍḍesu tiṭṭhanti sandhisiṅghāṭakesu ca dvārabāhāsu tiṭṭhanti āgantvāna sakaṃ gharaṃ. In outside the walls/stand/in the junctions/in the crossroads/and/ Outside the door-pots/stand/having come/own/house/ 2. Pahūte annapānamhi khajjabhojje upaṭṭhite Na tesaṃ koci sarati sattānaṃ kammapaccayā. When many/the food and beverage/solid food/eatable food/when arrived/ No/them/anyone/reminds/of the beings/due to the deed (unwholesome) 72
3. Evaṃ dadanti ñātīnaṃ ye honti anukampakā Suciṃ paṇītaṃ kālena kappiyaṃ pānabhojanaṃ. Thus/give/to the relative/whoever/are/the compassionate ones/ Pure/delicious/by the right time/suitable/the beverage and food/ 4. Idaṃ vo ñātinaṃ hotu sukhitā hontu ñātayo Te ca tattha samāgantvā ñātipetā samāgatā This/your/to the relative/let be/be the possessor of the happiness/may/the relatives/ They/there/having gathered/relative/spirits/gathered/ 5. Pahūte annapānamhi sakkaccaṃ anumodare. \"Ciraṃ jīvantu no ñātī yesaṃ hetu labhāmase. Amhākaṃ ca katā pūjā\" dāyakā ca anipphalā. When much the food and beverage/properly/rejoice/ Long time/may live/our/relatives/to whom/this reason/owe/ We/have done/the veneration/the givers, too/are not without the result/ 6. Na hi tattha kasī atthi gorakkhettha na vijjati. Vāṇijjā tādisi natthi hiraññena kayākkayaṃ. Ito dinnena yāpenti petā kālakatā tahiṃ. No/there/ploughing/is/cattle-guarding/no/exits/ the trading/similarly/there is no/by the gold/buying/selling/ from here/by given/depend/the departed ones/those passed away/there/ 7. Unname udakaṃ vaṭṭhaṃ yathā ninnaṃ pavattati evameva ito dinnaṃ petānaṃ upakappati. On the highland/the water/fallen/just/to the lower land/flows/ As same as/from here/what has given/to the departed ones/ 8. Yathā vārivarā pūrā paripūrenti sāgaraṃ Evameva ito dinnaṃ petānaṃ upakappati. Just as the rivers/filled/fill/the ocean/ As same as/from here/what has given/to the departed one/approaches/ 9. Adāsi me akāsi me ñātimittā sakhā ca me Petānaṃ dakkhiṇaṃ dajjā pubbe katamanussaraṃ. (He)Offered/to me/ (he) did/to me/the relatives and friends/companions/and/my/ To the departed ones/the offering/should be offered/previously/what have done/with recollecting/ 10. Na hi ruṇṇaṃ va soko vā yā caññā paridevanā na taṃ petānamatthāya evaṃ tiṭṭhanti ñātayo. 73
No/crying/or/sorrow/or/whatever/other/lamentation/ No/it/for the benefit of the departed ones/thus/stand/the relatives/ 11. Ayaṃ kho dakkhiṇā dinnā saṅgamhi suppatiṭṭhitā. Dīgharattaṃ hitāyassa ṭhānaso upakappati. This/indeed/the offering/was given/at the saṅgha/those who well-established/ Long time/for benefit/his/immediately/arrives/ 12. So ñātidhammo ca ayaṃ nidassito Petāna pūjā ca katā uḷārā Balañca bhikkhūnamanuppadinnaṃ Tumhehi puññaṃ pasutaṃ anappakaṃ. That the definition of relative/and/this/is shown/ To the departed ones/offering/are done/many/ Power, too/to the bhikkhus/was given/ By you/the merit/has accumulated/immeasurable/ 8. Nidhikaṇḍasuttaṃ/the Discourse of the amount of treasure/ 1. Nidhiṃ nidheti puriso gambhīre odakantike Atthe kicce samuppanne atthāya me bhavissati. The treasure/deposits/person/in the deep/close the water/ When a need/when a matter/has arisen/for the benefit/to me/will be/ 2. Rājato vā duruttassa corato pīḷitassa vā Iṇassa vā pamokkhāya dubbhikkhe āpadāsu vā, Etadatthāya lokasmiṃ nīdhi nāma nidhīyati. From the king/or/hard to cross/from the thief/to the one who is oppressed/or/ To the one who has debt/for freedom/in the famine/in the disasters/or/ This/for need/in the world/the treasure/named/deposits/ 3. Tāva sunihito santo gambhīre odakantike Na sabbo sabbadā eca tassa taṃ upakappati. As far/well-kept/being/in the deep/close to the water/ Not/all/everyday/as well/to him/that/beneficial/ 4. Nidhi vā ṭhānā cavati saññā vāssa vimuyhati Nāgā vā apanāmenti yakkhā vāpi haranti naṃ 5. Appiyā vāpi dāyādā uddharanti apassato Yadā puññakkhayo hoti sabbametaṃ vinassati Even less/having taken/extract/without seen/ When/vanishing of the merit/is/all/this/destroys/ 74
6. Yassa dānena sīlena saṃyamena damena ca Nidhī sunihito hoti itthiyā purissa vā To whom/by the giving/by the virtue/by the self-controlling/by the restraining/ The treasure/well-kept/being/to the woman/to the man/or/ 7. Cetiyamhi ca saṅghe vā puggale atithīsu vā Mātari pitari vāpi atho jeṭṭhamhi bhātari At the pagoda/and/at the saṅgha/or/at the person/at the visitors/or/ At the mother/at the father/or even/at the elder brother/ 9. Eso nidhī sunihito ajeyyo anugāmiko Pahāya gamanīyesu etaṃ ādāya gacchati This treasure/being well-kept/invincible/follower/ Having abandoned/when at the travelling/this/having taken/goes/ 8. Asādhāraṇamaññesaṃ acoraharaṇo nidhī Kayirātha dhīro puññāni yo nidhi anugāmiko Uncommon/to the others/no thief takes away/the treasure/ Preform/the wise one/the merits/what treasure/is the follower/ 10. Esa devamanussānaṃ sabbakāmadado nidhī Yaṃ yadevābhipatthenti sabbametena labbhati. This one/to the gods and men/giving all whatever wished/the treasure/ Whatever/when one wishes/all/by this/gets/ 11. Suvaṇṇatā sussaratā susaṇṭhānā surūpatā Ādhipaccaparicāraṃ sabbametena labbhati. Possessing of the good appearance/possessing of the good voice/possessing of the good shape/possessing of the good beauty/ Lordship/serving/all/by this/obtains/ 12. Padesarajjaṃ issariyaṃ cakkavattisukhaṃ piyaṃ Devarajjampi dibbesu sabbametena labbhati. Regional kingship/lordship/the happiness of the universal monarch/the dear/ The diving kingship, too/in the heavens/all/by this/obtains/ 13. Mānusikā ca sampatti devaloke ca yā rati Yā ca nibbāṇasampatti sabbametena labbhati. Human/the happiness/in the divine world/whatever/love/ Whatever/is the happiness of Nibbāṇa/all/by this/obtains/ 75
14. Cittasampadamāgamma yoniso ca payuñjato Vijjāvimuttivasībhāvo sabbametena labbhati. The attainemnet of the mind/having attained/the mindfulness/being engaged/ The nature of the mastering in the knowledge of liberation/all/by this/obtains/ 15. Paṭisambhidā vimokkhā ca yā ca sāvakapāramī Paccekabodhi buddhabhūmi sabbametena labbhati. The discriminating knowledge/the liberation/whatever/the perfection of the disciple/ The individual enlightenment/the ground of the Buddha/all/by the/obtains/ 16. Evaṃ mahatthikā esā yadidaṃ puññasampadā Tasmā dhīrā pasaṃsanti paṇḍitā katapuññataṃ. Thus/vast beneficial/this/that’s/the fortunate of the merit/ Therefore/the wise ones/praise/the wises/the bearing of the done merit/ Nidhikaṇḍasuttaṃ/ the Discourse of the amount of treasure Mettasuttaṃ/the Discourse of the Loving-kindness 1. Karaṇīyamatthakusalena Yantaṃ santaṃ padaṃ abhisamecca Sakko ujū ca sūjū ca Suvaco cassa mudu anatimānī. Should be done/by the one who skill in benefit/ Whatever/that/peaceful state/having realized/ Suitable/straight/very straight/and/ Possessor of the good word/and/becomes/soft/free from pride/ 2. Santussako ca subharo ca Appakicco ca sallahukavutti, Santindriyo ca nipako ca appagabbho kulesu ananugiddho Satisfied one/and/being easy living/and/ Being less duties/and/possessor of the light livelihood/ Possessor of the calmed senses/ardent/ and/ Unobtrusive/in the wholesome/non-attached one/ 3. Na ca khuddaṃ samācare kiñci Yena viññū pare upavadeyyuṃ Sukhino vā khemino hontu Sabbe sattā bhavantu sukhitattā. Not/even/small/practice/whatever/ 76
By whoever/the wise/another ones/would blame/ The possessors of the happiness/or/being safe/may/ All beings/may/the possessors of the happy selves/ 4. Ye keci pāṇabhūtatthi Tasā vā thāvarā vā anavasesā, Dīghā vā ye mahantā vā Majjhimā rassakā’ṇukathūlā Whoever/living beings/there are/ Trembling or/firmed/or/any other/ Long/or those who big/or/ The middle/short/atom-sized/fat/ 5. Diṭṭhā vā yeva addiṭṭhā Ye ca dūre vasanti avidūre Bhūtā vā sambhavesī vā Sabbe sattā bhavantu sukhitattā. Visible/or/as well as/invisible/ Whoever/in far/live/near/ Those who have come/or/those who expect to appear/or/ All beings/may/possessors of the happy selves/ 6. Na paro paraṃ nikubbetha Nātimaññetha katthaci naṃ kañci Byārosanā paṭighasaññā Nāññamaññassa dukkhamiccheyya Not/one/other/deceive/ Not/despise/anywhere/him/anyone/ Through the anger/perception of hatred/ Not/another/of another one/the suffering/would wish/ 7. Mātā yathā niyaṃ puttaṃ Āyusā ekaputtamanurakkhe Evampi sabbabhūtesu Mānasaṃ bhāvaye aparimāṇaṃ. Mother/as/own/son/ With own life/one son/would protect/ Thus manner, too/at the entire beings/ The thought (of loving kindness)/should develop/unlimited/ 8. Mettañca sabbalokasmiṃ Mānasaṃ bhāvaye aparimāṇaṃ Uddhaṃ adho ca tiriyaṃ ca Asambādhaṃ averaṃ asapattaṃ The loving kindness/at the entire world/ The thought/should develop/unlimited/ 77
Up/down/and/between/and/ No obstruction/free from the enmity/enemy-less/ 9. Tiṭṭhaṃ caraṃ nisinno vā Sayāno vā yāvatassa vigatamiddho Etaṃ satiṃ adiṭṭheyya Brahmametaṃ vihāraṃ idhamāhu standing/walking/seating/ Being slept/or/as far becomes/free from sleep/ This/thought/should determine/ The Brahma/this/living/here/is said/ 10. Diṭṭhiṃ ca anupagamma sīlavā Dassanena sampanno, Kāmesu vineyya gedhaṃ Na hi jātu gabbhaseyyaṃ punaretīti. View/having not come/being virtues one/ With the insight/being engaged/ In the sensual pleasure/being tamed/the attachment/ Not/conceive in a womb/again/comes/ Mettasuttaṃ/the Discourse of the Loving Kindness Khuddatapāṭhapāḷi niṭṭhitā/ The Small Passage/ 78
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