THEMATIC_FINDING_AIDS_PROJECT_PERISTIWA_BUKIT_KEPONG_KIM244_4A

FACULTY OF INFORMATION MANAGEMENT UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA MERBOK, KEDAH Bachelor of Information Science (Hons) Library Management (IM244) Administration of Archives (IML455) Group Assignment: Thematic Finding Aids Project (Peristiwa Bukit Kepong, Muar, Johor) Prepared by: Nur Athirah binti Rouziazi (2020862372) Nur Alia Husna binti Mohamad Bakhtiar (2020456168) Nur Elyssa Nazreen binti Che Mohamed (2020813692) Siti Nur Athirah binti Zamri (2020822194) Class: KIM244 4A Prepared for: Miss Noryana binti Ahmad Khusaini Submission date: 7 July 2022

FINDING AIDS: PERISTIWA BUKIT KEPONG, MUAR, JOHOR FACULTY OF INFORMATION MANAGEMENT KEDAH CAMPUS, MERBOK, KEDAH MALAYSIA ADVISOR Miss Noryana binti Ahmad Khusaini COMPILER Nur Athirah binti Rouziazi (2020862372) Nur Alia Husna binti Mohamad Bakhtiar (2020456168) Nur Elyssa Nazreen binti Che Mohamed (2020813692) Siti Nur Athirah binti Zamri (2020822194) 1

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Bismillahirahmanirahim, Alhamdulillah, in the name of Allah SWT, the Most Gracious and Merciful. With His desire, He has provided us with the chance to accomplish our group task, which is a virtual visit. We are really glad that we were able to finish this assignment within the time frame set by the lecturer. In performing our assignment, we had to take the help and guideline of a respected person, who deserves our greatest gratitude. We would like to express our deepest appreciation to our mentor and lecturer Miss Noryana binti Ahmad Khusaini, lecturer of Administration of Archives (IMR455) at UiTM Merbok, Kedah. Her willingness to give her time to help her students so generously has been very much appreciated. Her timely advice has helped us to a very great extent to accomplish this assignment. In addition, thank you again to Miss Noryana for providing various information from time to time to complete our assignment. Special thanks also to our classmates for helping a lot in improving our assignment. Lastly, we are really thankful to everyone for their help directly and indirectly to complete this assignment. Thank you. 2

EXPLANATORY NOTES This finding aid book is prepared to facilitate the retrieving and use of records and archival materials related to the Peristiwa Bukit Kepong, Muar, Johor. Various information can be obtained from both electronic and non electronic sources. The list of available materials include records related to a collection of types of images, newspaper, commercials, cartographic records and many more. This finding aids book aims to help researchers to find and obtain the desired material easily. All the materials are listed according to the type of collection that documents simple inventory and description of selected materials. The content of this finding aid is based on the materials available in the Online Finding Aid and National Archives of Malaysia. 3

ABBREVIATIONS Num. Abbreviation Description 1. AP Auxiliary Police 2. CT Communist Terrorists 3. KPL Koperal 4. KPB Ketua Polis Balai 5. L/KPL Lans Koperal 6. SJN Polis Sarjan 4

TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 2 EXPLANATORY NOTES 3 ABBREVIATIONS 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS 5 CHAPTER 1: BUKIT KEPONG, MUAR, JOHOR BEFORE THE CRISIS 6 CHAPTER 2: BUKIT KEPONG DURING THE CRISIS - THE EVIDENCE OF 10 PERISTIWA BUKIT KEPONG, MUAR, JOHOR 18 CHAPTER 3: BUKIT KEPONG’S FALLEN HEROES CHAPTER 4: REPORT ON MEDIA ABOUT PERISTIWA BUKIT KEPONG, MUAR, JOHOR 24 CHAPTER 5: EFFECTS OF PERISTIWA BUKIT KEPONG, MUAR, JOHOR 30 LIST OF ARCHIVAL MATERIALS 32 LIST OF FIGURES 33 INDEXES 34 BIBLIOGRAPHIES 35 5

CHAPTER 1: BUKIT KEPONG, MUAR, JOHOR BEFORE THE CRISIS 6

HISTORY OF PERISTIWA BUKIT KEPONG, MUAR, JOHOR FIGURE 1: Kemusnahan Balai Polis Bukit Kepong Akibat Dibakar Pihak Komunis FIGURE 2: Bukit Kepong Police Station The Bukit Kepong tragedy was a historic armed battle between the police and the Malayan Communist Party on February 23, 1950, around 5.00 am just before the Federation of Malaya gained independence (1948-1963). The altercation occurred near the Bukit Kepong police station in Bukit Kepong. The fight occurred in the vicinity of the Bukit Kepong Police Station in Bukit Kepong. This wooden police station is located by the Muar River, approximately 59 kilometres from Muar, Johor. The incident began before dawn with a guerrilla attack on the police station by Communists. It ended tragically when the Communists killed practically all of the officers on duty. The Communists planned to use the incident to demonstrate what would happen to people who opposed the Communist movement. The 7

Communists hoped that by starting the siege, they would be able to quickly overcome the police and take control of the Police Station. This is due to various reasons that benefit the communists, including the advantage of weapons that they have, the amount of communist membership, and the remote police station's location. Bukit Kepong Police Station is situated on the banks of Sungai Muar, in a tiny rural community of around twenty dwellings and stores. By the early 1950s, it had become the focal point of the local Communist movement. Sergeant Ray Dancey, the Police Station Chief (KPB) at the time, had served in Palestine and was in charge of the station. During the station attack, he had long ago been moved and his job had been taken over by Sergeant Jamil Mohd Shah, something the Communist assailants were undoubtedly aware of. The Bukit Kepong Police Station incident was the result of communist terrorists' cruelty under the wartime rule of emergency. The Bukit Kepong Police Station was assaulted by a squad of 180 communist terrorists on February 23, 1950. The police battled hard in the event, falling one by one. When two spouses of Marine Police officers were slain, their wives picked up guns and fought with other officers until they ran out of bullets. 17 officers were murdered while defending the Bukit Kepong Police Station. According to a Sinar Harian story published on August 15, 2020, JJ Raj, 99, who was the Pagoh District Police Chief. He stated that when he arrived at Bukit Kepong, Sergeant Jamil Mohd Shah, together with his teammates and the head of the area at the time, said the occurrence of the communist terrorist assault on the Bukit Kepong Police Station was still fresh in his mind. \"We had lunch together and mingled with the cops until now.\" The government declared a villagers due to the brutality and crimes committed by communist terrorists. Then I verified the security of the Bukit Kepong Police Station and presented the new weapon to Jamil,\" he said, referring to Malaya's state of emergency in 1948. According to him, security agents had to be always cautious about communist terrorists at the time because they were JJ. Raj stated that he spent time patrolling Bukit Kepong with Sergeant Jamil, Penghulu Ali, and several spies adept in ambushing and spreading disruption in isolated villages and towns. \"I and several members bicycled the day before the tragedy.\" \"However, we were unaware that 180 communists were hidden nearby,\" he explained. Members of the Pagoh IPD visited the Bukit Kepong Police Station and were given two barrels of 'Bren Gun' and 'Sten Gun' weaponry for the police station fort. 8

At the beginning of the Emergency, perhaps thousand Communist Terrorists (CT) were positioned in the bushes. In contrast to this group, which comprised many jungle combat veterans, the police had only about 8,000 men who had not been trained as paramilitaries. Thousands more joined the army, but they were also unprepared for jungle combat. The fact that all of the young people serving in the police and army were able to hold the line in these conditions tells a lot about their bravery and devotion. 9

CHAPTER 2: BUKIT KEPONG DURING THE CRISIS - THE EVIDENCE OF PERISTIWA BUKIT KEPONG, MUAR, JOHOR 10

THE CHRONOLOGY OF BUKIT KEPONG'S INCIDENT On February 23, 1950, there was an armed clash between police and Malayans. The defenders replied by declaring that they would set fire to the commanders' quarters. Communists in pre-independence Malaya said they would never surrender and would fight on and station in the latter hours of the fight. A guerrilla attack on a police station is carried out by Communists. They dashed out of the smouldering station, unable to endure the heat any longer. To convince the officers to surrender, they abducted one of the commanders' wives and threatened her with a pistol. They then launched an attack on the Communists, killing at least three of them. When the attack began, the attackers were optimistic that they would be able to beat the police officers and seize control of the police station in a short amount of time. Several policemen were killed as the shooting continued, as did two spouses of protecting officers. After discovering that their husbands had been killed in fighting, the communists managed to breach their defences and took up arms. They set fire to the place barely five hours after the first shot was fired. According to witness statements, over 200 Despite the obstacles, Allahyarham Sergeant's officers prevailed. Jamil Mohd Shah. The episode resulted in the deaths of 14 police officers and four village guards, when Communists led by Malay Communist Muhammad Indera refused to surrender despite communist pleas that they lay down their firearms. Abu Bakar Daud's wife and three of their children, and three auxiliary police officers. 11

FIGURE 3: BOAT USED BY BUKIT KEPONG POLICE MEMBERS ACCESSION NUMBER: 1998/0009606W As the dispute spread among the surrounding communities, reinforcements were sent from Kampung Tui. A team of Kampung Tui locals led by village leader Ali Mustafa was escorted by 13 AP/HG (Auxiliary Police/Home Guard). They were attacked by Communists on their way to the station, which was about a half-kilometre distant. The Communists, who employed automatic weapons instead of the village group's rifles and shotguns, outgunned the people. Several village guards were killed or seriously injured. Despite the fact that they were only stopped halfway, their presence relieved some of the pressure on the Bukit Kepong defenders and forced a Communist retreat in general. Due to the uneven situation, Ali Mustafa ordered his soldiers to retreat, while the others were commanded to defend the perimeter around Bukit Kepong town. The Communists eventually left after torching the town hall and looting a few shops. At the same time, a village guard group from Kampung Durian Chondong arrived on a sampan to aid at Bukit Kepong. Along the way, they were ambushed by Communists. Half of the group's seven inhabitants survived the journey to Lenga. They arrived at 10 a.m, when the first reports of the Bukit Kepong police station attack were received. 12

FIGURE 4: TAPAK BALAI POLIS BUKIT KEPONG YANG DIBAKAR OLEH PENGGANAS KOMUNIS ACCESSION NUMBER: 1998/0009610W Bukit Kepong is a secluded settlement on the banks of the Muar River in Johor with around 20 stores, the most of which are owned by Chinese. Within 3 to 6 kilometres via road, the community is near to various Malay communities. The quickest method to Bukit Kepong is to drive to Lenga and then follow the river road to Bukit Kepong, which takes around 2 hours. Bukit Kepong lost communication with the outside world due to its secluded position. The residents of this community are straightforward, bold, and self-sufficient. Since the commencement of the emergency,armed they have had great success in combating communist terrorists. The most intriguing occurrence took place 18 months ago, when three Malays battled with three armed communist terrorists. Armed only with knives, they killed one terrorist, injured and captured another, and forced a third to flee. In other skirmishes, village guards made up of 40 auxiliary cops and other machete-wielding squads received 'Colonial Police Medals' for their bravery. 13

FIGURE 5: GAMBAR KENANGAN ANGGOTA POLIS BUKIT KEPONG SEBELUM PERISTIWA SERANGAN BALAI POLIS PADA 23 FEBRUARI 1950. (DUDUK NO. 3 DARI KIRI SJN. JAMIL MOHD. SHAH DAN NO. 4, PENGHULU ALI). ACCESSION NUMBER: 1998/0009611W The backup police unit collaborates with the Bukit Kepong police department. When a crowd of communist terrorists (185 individuals) assaulted the Bukit Kepong Police Station at around 5.00 a.m. on February 23, 1950, three of them were on duty as usual. The police station's fortifications and sex barracks were instantly put in place to resist severe attacks by communist terrorists using automatic rifles who surrounded the station. The shootings were brutal, and communist terrorists urged the cops to surrender but were disregarded. Fighting ensued, and numerous personnel of the police station were slain, while non- duty policemen continued to fighranut until one by one they were slaughtered in the sex barracks. When their husbands were slain, two women of police marines picked up rifles and fought with other members until they ran out of ammo. Because of the strength of the police station's protection, the communists began to employ dirty methods. They arrested one of the police officers' wives, held a pistol to her head, and forced her to order the officers who remained in the police station to surrender. Officers reacted to the call by stating that they would not give up and would fight on. Another officer's wife and daughter were coerced into surrendering, but they resisted and were prepared to die. Both of them were eventually slain. In the last phases of the four- 14

hour conflict, Communist terrorists set fire to a sex barracks, charring two women and a kid. Only three police officers, one of them a village guard, are still alive. They had to flee because they couldn't tolerate the heat from the burning police station building. They raided a terrorist position, killing three communists. Only one man was able to cross the river while holding a gun. 15

FIGURE 6: DATO' ONN JAAFAR (MENTERI BESAR JOHOR) SEDANG MEMERIKSA TEMPAT KEJADIAN SELEPAS SERANGAN BALAI PADA 24 FEBRUARI 1950 ACCESSION NUMBER: 1998/0009610W All 21 members of the police and auxiliary police have lived up to the police force's exceptional history and heroism by serving as an example and inspiration to future members. Nineteen members were slain while protecting the police station. When the sound of battle was heard in various villages nearby, the village guards were ready, and 7 of them went to Bukit Kepong with Ali's chief. A bunch of communist terrorists assaulted them around half a kilometre from Bukit Kepong, and a struggle ensued. They were successful in their struggle against the communist terrorist outfit. The fleeing communist terrorist gang received assistance from their compatriots, resulting in the following violent combat. Penghulu Ali was compelled to mobilise the injured soldiers to flee, while the others remained in the Bukit Kepong area. After surviving for two hours, the communist terrorists fled after torching the chief's office and stealing stores. 16

FIGURE 7: Y.B. TAN SRI GHAZALI SHAFIE, MENTERI HAL EHWAL DALAM NEGERI SEWAKTU MELAWAT BUKIT KEPONG PADA 23 FEB. 1976 SEDANG MENYIRAM AIR MAWAR DI PUSARA ANGGOTA POLIS BUKIT KEPONG YANG TERKORBAN. ACCESSION NUMBER: 1998/0009624W The war in Bukit Kepong was a physical setback, but it was a mental and fighting spirit win. Despite facing an opponent ten times greater than them, the little group was eager and persistent in preserving their dignity against communist terrorists' entreaties to surrender. The communist terrorists were also severely injured. This is a triumph not only for oneself, family, and friends, but also for the country and the nation. By surrendering, police officers can save their lives and those of their families, but they recognise that they are fighting for something more important than their own lives. They struggled to prevent Communist terrorists from colonising their motherland. May Allah's mercy be upon their souls. 17

CHAPTER 3: BUKIT KEPONG’S FALLEN HEROES 18

In the Peristiwa Bukit Kepong, Muar, Johor, there were a number of victims who died and also survivors. All the victims were Policemen, village chief, and family members of Policemen. Num. Picture Name 1. Sjn. 2493 Jamil Bin Mohd Shah Ketua Polis Balai Bukit Kepong ACCESSION NUMBER: 1998/0009612W 2. MM 7493 Mohamad Bin Jaafar ACCESSION NUMBER: 1998/0009613W 3. MM 3933 Hamzah Bin Ahmad ACCESSION NUMBER: 1998/0009614W 4. MM Marin 60 Ibrahim Bin Adam ACCESSION NUMBER: 1998/0009615W 19

5. MM 8600 Jaafar bin Hassan ACCESSION NUMBER: 1998/0009616W 6. MM 9136 Hassan bin Osman ACCESSION NUMBER: 1998/0009617W 7. Kpl. 7068 Mohd Yassin bin Haji Wahab Timbalan Ketua Balai Bukit Kepong ACCESSION NUMBER: 1998/0009618W 8. L/Kpl. 7186 Jidin bin Omar ACCESSION NUMBER: 1998/0009619W Table 1: Victims who have perished Num. Picture Name 20

1. MM 10533 Othman bin Yusoff ACCESSION NUMBER: 1998/0009620W 2. MM Marin 37 Abu Bakar bin Daud ACCESSION NUMBER: 1998/0009621W 3. MM Tambahan 3472 Ahmad bin Khalid ACCESSION NUMBER: 1998/0009622W 4. MM 7645 Yusoff Rono ACCESSION NUMBER: 1998/0009623W Table 2: Peristiwa Bukit Kepong’s Survivors Num. Name Details 21

1. Mariam binti Ibrahim Isteri MM 7493 Mu hamad bin Jaafar 2. Zainun binti Muhamad Anak MM 7493 Muhamad bin Jaafar 3. Abu Samah bin Muhammad Anak MM 7493 Muhamad bin Jaafar 4. Zaleha binti Muhamad Anak MM 7493 Muhamad bin Jaafar 5. Jamilah binti Abu Bakar Anak perempuan MM Marin 37 Abu Bakar bin Daud 6. Hussain bin Abu Bakar Anak lelaki MM 37 Abu Bakar bin Daud 7. Fatimah binti Abdul Manan @ Timah Isteri MM Hassan Osman Lawa Isteri MM Marin 68 Awang bin Ali 8. Pon binti Khalid Isteri MM 3933 Hamzah bin Ahmad 9. Fatimah binti Tuani Orang asli bertugas sebagai pemandu 10. Edmund Ross Williams Hunt arah Table 3: Family members of members who also survived 22

Num. Name Details Isteri MM Marin 37 Abu Bakar bin 1. Fatimah binti Yaaba Daud Anak MM Marin 37 Abu Bakar bin 2. Hassan bin Abu Bakar Daud Isteri MM 5674 Abu bin Mohd Ali 3. Saadiah Anak MM 5674 Abu bin Mohd Ali 4. Simah binti Abu Isteri MM Marin 60 Ibrahim bin Adam 5. Arafah binti Yusoff Table 4: The families of the policemen who were also killed Num. Name 1. AP 2130 Samad bin Yatim 2. AP 1912 Mahmud bin Sa'at 3. AP 1925 Ali bin Akob 4. AP 2127 Othman Yahya Table 5: Fallen Auxiliary Police of Peristiwa Bukit Kepong 23

CHAPTER 4: REPORT ON MEDIA ABOUT PERISTIWA BUKIT KEPONG, MUAR, JOHOR 24

FIGURE 8: NEW STRAITS TIMES ‘Remember Bukit Kepong’ In this New Straits Time by Tunku Abdul Aziz on 25 June 2015 reported about the story of how 13 Malay policemen, supported magnificently by their wives, made a stand against overwhelming odds holding the enemy off for several hours and how, finally the exasperated CTs (communist terrorists) showed their usual barbarity and threw men, women and children, some still alive, into the burning remains of the police station 25

FIGURE 9: 72 tahun tragedi Bukit Kepong, imbas kembali perjuangan wira-wira negara menentang komunis This article told about the recall of the struggle of national heroes against the communists. Many people associate the term Bukit Kepong with the battle of national heroes against communism. Then this article will picture the tragic patriotic narrative of police officers protecting the country's honour to the last drop of blood. Even after 72 years, the violent incident is still vivid in the minds of historians. Indeed, the freedom that we enjoy now is the product of earlier national heroes' souls and bodies being sacrificed. 26

FIGURE 10: #PeristiwaHariIni: Balai Polis Bukit Kepong musnah diserang komunis (1950) This newspaper tells about a black incident involving the Bukit Kepong Police Station being destroyed by communists (1950). Bukit Kepong is a lonely village located near the Sungai Muar curve, approximately 59 kilometres from Bandar Muar, Johor. Because of its remote position, it became a target for Malayan Communist Party (CPM) insurgents fighting against the British. 27

FIGURE 11: mStar ‘Kisah Sedih Bukit Kepong Masih Dalam Ingatan Jamilah’ This article about the tragedy occurred 65 years ago, Jamilah Abu Bakar, 69, remembers it as if it happened yesterday, and she will not forget the bitter memories as long as she lives. In the tragedy, her father Corporal Abu Bakar Daud was seriously injured when communist bullets pierced his chest, while his mother Fatimah Yaaba and his two-year-old sister Hussin were shot by communists while hugging. Jamilah, who wiped away her tears at times, said she was only four years old at the time and remembered the heartbreaking incident as well as what her father had told her. 28

FIGURE 12: BUKIT KEPONG SARAT CERITA SEJARAH - Galeri Darurat memiliki ratusan barangan, selain lawatan ke Pusara Pejuang Bukit Kepong. This online newspaper said Bukit Kepong is not only known for its historical relics, but it is also rich in pure water, vegetation, and fauna, which attracts environment enthusiasts. There are many intriguing locations to see, and most of them are set against a magnificent backdrop of vegetation. As a result, Bukit Kepong, Muar, Johor is one of the most popular nature vacation locations in the country. According to Bukit Kepong Village Head, Hazali Mohd Amin, 58, one of the places around Bukit Kepong town that has a history of policemen's courage in defending the Police Station from the communist invasion on February 23, 1950 has been the attention of residents and visitors for decades. 29

CHAPTER 5: EFFECTS OF PERISTIWA BUKIT KEPONG, MUAR, JOHOR 30

Effects from Peristiwa Bukit Kepong There are many effects that we can see from Peristiwa Bukit Kepong. One of them we can see from children and teens are now more familiar with superhero characters like spiderman, superman, batman, iron man and captain america. These fictional characters who display courage, glory with attractive costumes and are capable of extraordinary abilities that some consider them the most gallant help keep the world peace. They are more exposed to action movies compared to looking at the 7 that has been happening in Malaysia a long time ago. How about the prowess of national security personnel such as police, soldiers and firefighters also have their own role. This is what the current generation should know. With this, the Bukit Kepong Gallery which is located about 60 kilometres from the city of Muar holds various treasures related to the Bukit Kepong Tragedy from 70 years ago. Besides it being the actual location of the attack about 200 communist terrorists attacked the police station killing 25 members of the security forces including their family members. It was built to commemorate the tragedy that occurred at about 5 am, on February 23, 1950, when a group of about 200 communist terrorists attacked the police station. Parents especially should play an important role in bringing their children to the history gallery. They will not only be able to see various artefacts such as firearms, clothing, the condition of the members ’barracks and some vehicles once used by the security forces, but also be presented with a variety of information interactively. In this three-storey gallery building, visitors seem to be taken through the space of time when all the information related to the police is neatly arranged, while getting various information about the history of the country. 31

LIST OF ARCHIVAL MATERIALS No Accession Number Description 1 1998/0009606W 2 1998/0009610W Boat Used By Bukit Kepong Police Members 3 1998/0009611W Tapak Balai Polis Bukit Kepong Yang Dibakar Oleh 4 1998/0009610W Pengganas Komunis 5 1998/0009624W Gambar Kenangan Anggota Polis Bukit Kepong Sebelum Peristiwa Serangan Balai Polis Pada 23 6 1998/0009620W Februari 1950. (Duduk No. 3 Dari Kiri Sjn. Jamil 7 1998/0009621W Mohd. Shah Dan No. 4, Penghulu Ali). 8 1998/0009622W 9 1998/0009623W Dato' Onn Jaafar (Menteri Besar Johor) Sedang Memeriksa Tempat Kejadian Selepas Serangan Balai Pada 24 Februari 1950 Y.B. Tan Sri Ghazali Shafie, Menteri Hal Ehwal Dalam Negeri Sewaktu Melawat Bukit Kepong Pada 23 Feb. 1976 Sedang Menyiram Air Mawar Di Pusara Anggota Polis Bukit Kepong Yang Terkorban. MM 10533 Othman bin Yusoff MM Marin 37 Abu Bakar bin Daud MM tambahan 3472 Ahmad bin Khalid MM 7645 Yusoff Rono 32

LIST OF FIGURES No Figure Description Page 7 1. Figure 1 Kemusnahan Balai Polis Bukit Kepong Akibat Dibakar 7 Pihak Komunis. 12 13 2. Figure 2 Bukit Kepong Police Station. 14 16 3. Figure 3 Boat Used By Bukit Kepong Police Members. 17 4. Figure 4 Tapak Balai Polis Bukit Kepong Yang Dibakar Oleh Pengganas Komunis. 25 26 5. Figure 5 Gambar Kenangan Anggota Polis Bukit Kepong Sebelum 27 Peristiwa Serang Balai Polis Pada 23 Februari 1950. 28 29 6. Figure 6 Dato’ Onn Jaafar (Menteri Besar Johor) Sedang Memeriksa Tempat Kejadian Selepas Serangan Balai Pada 24 Februari 1950. 7. Figure 7 Y.B. Tan Sri Ghazali Shafie, Menteri Hal Ehwal Dalam Negeri Sewaktu Melawat Bukit Kepong Pada 23 Februari 1976 Sedang Menyiram Air Mawar Di Pusara Anggota Polis Bukit Kepong Yang Terkorban. 8. Figure 8 NEW STRAITS TIMES “Remember Bukit Kepong”. 9. Figure 9 72 Tahun tragedi Bukit Kepong, imbas kembali perjuangan wira-wira negara menentang komunis. 10. Figure 10 #PeristiwaHariIni : Balai Polis Bukit Kepong Musnah Diserang Komunis (1950). 11. Figure 11 mStar “Kisah Sedih Bukit Kepong Masih Dalam Ingatan Jamilah”. 12. Figure 12 Bukit Kepong Sarat Cerita Sejarah - Galeri Darurat Memiliki Ratusan Barangan, Selain lawatan ke Pusara Pejuang Bukit Kepong. 33

INDEXES A F K Abu Bakar, 11, 21, 22, 23, 28, 32 Family, 22 Kampung Durian Chondong, 12 Aid, 3 Fatimah, 22, 23, 28 Kampung Tui, 12 Armed, 13 Fighting, 14 Auxiliary Police, 4, 12, 23 Figure, 33 M B G Muar, 0, 3, 7, 8, 13, 19, 27, 29, 31 Balai Polis, 7, 27, 32, 33, 35 Gallery, 31 N Bandar Muar, 27 Boat, 32, 33 I National, 3 Bukit Kepong, 0, 3, 7, 8, 12, 13, Incident, 35 P 14, 16, 17, 19, 20, 21, 23, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 31, 32, 33, 35, J Parents, 31 36 Police, 7, 8, 13, 14, 27, 29, 32, 33, Jaafar bin Hassan, 20 D Jamil Mohd Shah, 8, 11 35 Jamilah, 22, 28, 33, 35 Despite, 11, 12, 17 Jidin bin Omar, 20 T JJ Raj, 8 E Johor, 0, 3, 7, 13, 19, 27, 29, 32, Tragedy, 31 Emergency, 9 33 Z Zainun binti Muhamad, 22 34

BIBLIOGRAPHIES Astro Awani. (2022, February 23). #PeristiwaHariIni: Balai Polis Bukit Kepong musnah diserang komunis (1950). astroawani.com. https://www.astroawani.com/berita- malaysia/peristiwahariini-balai-polis-bukit-kepong-musnah-diserang-komunis-1950- 348184 Bukit Kepong. (2016). The Official Portal of Royal Malaysia Police. https://www.rmp.gov.my/infor-korporate/polis-diraja-malaysia/sejarah/bukit-kepong Dusuki, A. W. (2019, July 24). Pengajaran daripada sejarah. Sinarharian. https://www.sinarharian.com.my/article/39532/KOLUMNIS/Pengajaran-daripada- sejarah Ismail, A. I. (2020, August 15). ‘Itulah tabik terakhir Sarjan Jamil.’ Sinarharian. https://www.sinarharian.com.my/article/96679/BERITA/Jenayah/Itulah-tabik- terakhir-Sarjan-Jamil Ismail, A. I. (2021, October 8). Bukit Kepong Sarat Cerita Sejarah. Berita Harian. https://www.bharian.com.my/hujung-minggu/santai/2021/10/873767/bukit-kepong- sarat-cerita-sejarah Ml, A. (2022, February 24). 72 tahun tragedi Bukit Kepong, imbas kembali perjuangan wira- wira negara menentang komunis. Sinar Plus. https://sinarplus.sinarharian.com.my/kisah-masyarakat/72-tahun-tragedi-bukit- kepong-imbas-kembali-perjuangan-wira-wira-negara-menentang-komunis/ MSTAR. (2020, April 1). Kisah Sedih Bukit Kepong Masih Dalam Ingatan Jamilah. https://www.mstar.com.my/lokal/semasa/2015/02/23/bukit-kepong Peristiwa Bukit Kepong. (2011). Wikiwand. https://www.wikiwand.com/ms/Peristiwa_Bukit_Kepong#/Mereka_yang_terselamat PERISTIWA BUKIT KEPONG. (2022). Pusat Ekonomi Digital. http://kgraja.pjk.com.my/index.php/warga-pi1m/maklumat-pi1m/sejarah/44-sejarah Peristiwa Bukit Kepong. (n.d.). MCMC. http://kgraja.pjk.com.my/index.php/warga- pi1m/maklumat-pi1m/sejarah/44-sejarah Wiki Targeted (Entertainment). (n.d.). Military Wiki. https://military- history.fandom.com/wiki/Bukit_Kepong_Incident 35

Zakaria, B. K. (2018, December 10). Jejak kesan sejarah di Bukit Kepong. Berita Harian. https://www.bharian.com.my/hujung-minggu/kembara/2018/12/507399/jejak-kesan- sejarah-di-bukit-kepong 36