Session 15: SCANNING COMPUTER Completely and correctly scanning your computer for malware like viruses, Trojan horses, rootkits, spyware, adware, worms, etc. is often a very important troubleshooting step. A simple virus scan will no longer do. Many forms of malware cause or masquerade as seemingly unrelated PC issues like Blue Screens of Death, issues with DLL files, and other serious Windows problems so it’s important to properly check your computer for malware when working to solve many problems. Note: See my Free Bootable Antivirus Programs list if you need to scan for viruses but don’t have access to Windows right now. More serious viruses can prevent your operating system from starting and so you’ll have to use one of those tools instead. Difficulty: Easy Time Required: Properly scanning your PC for viruses and other malware could take several minutes or longer Applies To: These are general steps to scan and remove malware from your PC and should apply equally to Windows 8 (including Windows 8.1), Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. How To Scan Your Computer for Viruses, Trojans, and Other Malware Download and run the Microsoft Windows Malicious Software Removal Tool. This free, Microsoft provided malware removal tool won’t find everything, but it will check for “specific, prevalent malicious software” which is a good start. Note: You may already have the Malicious Software Removal Tool installed. If so, make sure you update it using Windows Update so it can scan for the latest malware.Update your anti- virus/anti-malware software installed on your computer. Before running a virus scan or malware scan, you need to make sure the virus definitions are up to date. These regular updates tell your anti-virus software how to find and remove the latest viruses from your PC. Important: Don’t have a virus scan program installed? Download one now! There are several free anti-virus programs available so there’s no excuse for not running one. 52 Computer Skills Student Work book
Run a complete virus scan on your entire computer. If you have a dedicated malware scanner that does more than look for viruses, run a full scan using that program too. Note: Don’t simply run the default system scan which may not include many important parts of your PC. Check that you’re scanning every part of every single hard drive and other connected storage device on your computer. Important: Make sure any virus scan includes the master boot record, boot sector, and any applications currently running in memory. These are particularly sensitive areas of your computer that can harbor the most dangerous malware. Exercise: 1. Explain the purpose of scanning of a computer 2. Explain the steps in conducting a computer scanning 3. What is malware scanner 53 Computer Skills Student Work book
Session 16: SPAM AND PHISHING Cybercriminals have become quite savvy in their attempts to lure people in and get you to click on a link or open an attachment.The email they send can look just like it comes from a financial institution, e-commerce site, government agency or any other service or business. It often urges you to act quickly, because your account has been compromised, your order cannot be fulfilled or another matter. If you are unsure whether an email request is legitimate, try to verify it with these steps: 1. Contact the company directly. 2. Contact the company using information provided on an account statement or back of a credit card. 3. Search for the company online – but not with information provided in the email. Spam Spam is the electronic equivalent of junk mail. The term refers to unsolicited, bulk – and often unwanted – email. Here are ways to reduce spam: Enable filters on your email programs: Most ISPs (Internet Service Providers) and email providers offer spam filters. However, depending on the level you set, you may wind up blocking emails you want. It’s a good idea to occasionally check your junk folder to ensure the filters are working properly. Report spam: Most email clients offer ways to mark an email as spam or report instances of spam. Reporting spam will also help to prevent the messages from being directly delivered to your inbox. Own your online presence: Consider hiding your email address from online profiles and social networking sites or only allowing certain people to view your personal information. Phishing Phishing attacks use email or malicious websites (clicking on a link) to collect personal and financial information or infect your machine with malware and viruses. 54 Computer Skills Student Work book
Spear Phishing Spear phishing is highly specialized attacks against a specific target or small group of targets to collect information or gain access to systems. For example, a cybercriminal may launch a spear phishing attack against a business to gain credentials to access a list of customers. From that attack, they may launch a phishing attack against the customers of the business. Since they have gained access to the network, the email they send may look even more authentic and because the recipient is already customer of the business, the email may more easily make it through filters and the recipient maybe more likely to open the email. The cybercriminal can use even more devious social engineering efforts such as indicating there is an important technical update or new lower pricing to lure people. Spam & Phishing on Social Networks Spam, phishing and other scams aren’t limited to just email. They’re also prevalent on social networking sites. The same rules apply on social networks: When in doubt, throw it out. How Do You Avoid Being a Victim? Don’t reveal personal or financial information in an email, and do not respond to email solicitations for this information. This includes following links sent in email. Before sending sensitive information over the Internet, check the security of the website. Pay attention to the website’s URL. Malicious websites may look identical to a legitimate site, but the URL may use a variation in spelling or a different domain (e.g., .com versus .net). If you are unsure whether an email request is legitimate, try to verify it by contacting the company directly. Contact the company using information provided on an account statement, not information provided in an email. Information about known phishing attacks is available online from groups such as the Anti-Phishing Working Group. Report phishing to the Anti-Phishing Working Group (APWG) Keep a clean machine. Having the latest operating system, software, web browsers,anti- virus protection and apps are the best defenses against viruses, malware, and other online threats. 55 Computer Skills Student Work book
Exercise: 1. What is spam 2. What is phishing 3. How to stop spam mails from reaching your mail box 4. What is spear phishing 56 Computer Skills Student Work book
Session 17: WINDOWS XP SHORTCUT KEYS CTRL and A - Selects all the items in the active window. CTRL and C - Copies the item or items to the Clipboard CTRL +V _ Pasted using CTRL and F - Displays the Find all files dialog box. CTRL and G - Displays the Go to folder dialog box. CTRL and N - Displays the New dialog box. CTRL and O - Displays the Open dialog box. CTRL and P - Displays the Print dialog box. CTRL and S - Displays the Save dialog box. CTRL and V - Pastes the copied item or items from the Clipboard. CTRL and X - Cuts the item or items selected to the Clipboard. CTRL and Z - Undoes the last action. CTRL and F4 - Closes the active document window. CTRL while dragging an item - Copy the selected item CTRL+SHIFT with arrow keys - Highlight a block of text CTRL+F4 - Close the active document CTRL+ESC - Display the Start menu CTRL and F6 - Opens the next document window in the active application. ALT+ENTER - View the properties for the selected item ALT+F4 - Close the active item, or quit the active program ALT+SPACEBAR - Open the shortcut menu for the active window ALT+TAB - Switch between the open items ALT+ESC - Cycle through items in the order that they had been opened F1 key - Gives help on the active window or selected item. F2 key - Rename the selected item F3 key - Search for a file or a folder F4 key - Display the Address bar list in My Computer or Windows Explorer F5 key - Update the active window F6 key - Cycle through the screen elements in a window or on the desktop F10 key - Activate the menu bar in the active program Windows Logo - Display or hide the Start menu Windows Logo+BREAK - Display the System Properties dialog box Windows Logo+D - Display the desktop Windows Logo+M - Minimize all of the windows Windows Logo+SHIFT+M - Restore the minimized windows Windows Logo+E - Open My Computer 57 Computer Skills Student Work book
Windows Logo+F - Search for a file or a folder CTRL+WindowsLogo+F - Search for computers Windows Logo+F1 - Display Windows Help Windows Logo+ L - Lock the keyboard Windows Logo+R - Open the Run dialog box Windows Logo+U - Open Utility Manager TAB - Move forward through the options SHIFT+TAB - Move backward through the options CTRL+TAB - Move forward through the tabs CTRL+SHIFT+TAB - Move backward through the tabs ALT+Underlined letter - Perform the corresponding command ENTER - Perform the command for the active option or button SPACEBAR - Select or clear the check box if the active option is a check box F1 key - Display Help F4 key - Display the items in the active list Arrow keys - Select a button if the active option is a group of optionbuttons BACKSPACE - Open a folder one level up if a folder is selected in the Save As or Open dialog box END - Display the bottom of the active window HOME - Display the top of the active window NUM LOCK+Asterisk sign (*) - Display all of the subfolders that are under the selected folder NUM LOCK+Plus sign (+) - Display the contents of the selected folder NUM LOCK+Minus sign (-) - Collapse the selected folder LEFT ARROW - Collapse the current selection if it is expanded, or select the parent folder RIGHT ARROW - Display the current selection if it is collapsed, or select the first subfolder 58 Computer Skills Student Work book
Session 18: OFFICE PRODUCTIVITY SOFTWARE In computing, an office suite, sometimes called an office software suite or productivity suite, is a collection of productivity programs intended to be used by knowledge workers. The components are generally distributed together, have a consistent user interface and usually can interact with each other, sometimes in ways that the operating system would not normally allow. Existing office suites contain wide range of various components. Most typically, the base components include: Word processor Spreadsheet Presentation program Some of the productivity software’s of Microsoft include: 1. Microsoft Access 2. Microsoft Excel 3. Microsoft InfoPath 4. Microsoft Lync 5. Microsoft OneNote 6. Microsoft Outlook 7. Microsoft PowerPoint 8. Microsoft Project 9. Microsoft Publisher 10. Microsoft SharePoint Designer 11. Microsoft SharePoint Foundation 12. Microsoft Visio 13. Microsoft Word 14. Microsoft MapMaker 59 Computer Skills Student Work book
Exercise: 1. Name some office productivity software’s 2. Name some base components of a MS Office software 3. What is the purpose of office productivity software’s 4. Name some free office productivity software’s 5. Name some premium office productivity software’s 60 Computer Skills Student Work book
Session 19: MS WORD – LAYOUT AND BUTTON Screen Layout When you begin to explore Word 2007 youwill notice a new look to the menu bar. There are three features that you shouldremember as you work within Word 2007: 1. The Microsoft Office Button 1. The Quick AccessToolbar, and 2. The Ribbon. These three features contain many of the functions that were in the menu of previous versionsof Word. The Microsoft Office Button The Microsoft Office button performs many of the functions that were located in the File menu of older versions ofWord. This button allows you to createa new document, open an existingdocument, save or save as, print, send(through email or fax), publish or close. The Ribbon The Ribbon is the panel at the top portion of the document. It has seven tabs: Home, Insert, Page Layout, References,Mailings, Review, and View that contain many new and existing features of Word. Each tab is divided into groups. The groups are logical collections of features designed to perform functions that you will utilize in developingor editing your Word document. Commonly used features are displayed on the Ribbon, to view additional features within each group, clickon the arrow at the bottom right of each group. 61 Computer Skills Student Work book
Each of the tabs contains the following tools: Home: Clipboard, Fonts, Paragraph, Styles, and Editing. Insert: Pages, Tables, Illustrations, Links, Header & Footer, Text, and Symbols Page Layout: Themes, Page Setup, Page Background, Paragraph, Arrange References: Table of Contents, Footnote, Citation & Bibliography, Captions, Index, and Table of Authorities Mailings: Create, Start Mail Merge, Write & Insert Fields, Preview Results, Finish Review: Proofing, Comments, Tracking, Changes, Compare, Protect View: Document Views, Show/Hide, Zoom, Window, Macros Quick Access Toolbar The quick access toolbar is a customizable toolbar that contains commands that you may want touse. You can place the quick access toolbar above or below the ribbon. To change the location of the quickaccess toolbar, click on the arrow at the end of the toolbar and click on Show Below the Ribbon. 62 Computer Skills Student Work book
Session 20: WORKING WITH DOCUMENTS Create a New Document There are several ways to create new documents, open existing documents, and save documents in Word: Click the Microsoft Office Button and Click New or Press CTRL+N (Depress the CTRL key whilepressing the “N”) on the keyboard You willnotice that when you click on the MicrosoftOffice Button and Click New, you have many choices about the types of documents youcan create. If you wish to start from a blankdocument, click Blank. If you wish to startfrom a template you can browse through your choices on the left, see the choices on centerscreen, and preview the selection on theright screen. Opening an Existing Document Click the Microsoft Office Button and Click Open, or Press CTRL+O (Depress the CTRL key while pressing the “O”) on the keyboard, or If you have recently used the document you can click the Microsoft Office Button and click the name of the document in the Recent Documents section of the window Insert picture of recent docs Saving a Document Click the Microsoft Office Button and Click Save or Save As (remember, if you’re sending thedocument to someone who does not have Office 2007, you will need to click the Office Button, click SaveAs, and Click Word 97-2003 Document), or Press CTRL+S on the keyboard, or Click the File icon on the Quick Access Toolbar Renaming Documents To rename a Word document while using the program: Click the Office Button and find the file you want to rename. Right-click the document name with the mouse and select Rename from the shortcut menu. Type the new name for the file and press the ENTER key. Working on Multiple Documents Several documents can be opened simultaneously if you are typing or editing multiple documents at once. All open documents will be listed in the View Tab of theRibbon when you click on Switch Windows. The current document has a checkmarkbeside the file name. Select another open document to view it. 63 Computer Skills Student Work book
Document Views There are many ways to view a document in Word. Print Layout: This is a view of the document as it would appear when printed. It includes all tables, text, graphics, and images. Full Screen Reading: This is a full view length view of a document. Good for viewing two pages at a time. Web Layout: This is a view of the document as it would appear in a web browser. Outline: This is an outline form of the document in the form of bullets. Draft: This view does not display pictures or layouts, just text. To view a document in different forms, click the document views shortcuts at the bottom of the screen Click the View Tab on the Ribbon Click on the appropriate document view. Close a Document To close a document: - Click the Office Button -Click Close 64 Computer Skills Student Work book
Session 21: CUSTOMIZE WORD ENVIRONMENT Word 2007 offers a wide range of customizable options that allow you to make Word work the best for you. To access these customizable options: Click the Office Button Click Word Options Popular These features allow you to personalize your work environment with language, color schemes, user name and allow you to access the Live Preview feature. The Live Preview feature allows you to preview the results of applying design and formatting changes without actually applying it. Display This feature allows you to modify how the document content is displayed on the screen and when printed. You can opt to show or hide certain page elements. Proofing: This feature allows you personalize how word corrects and formats your text. You can customize auto correction settings and have word ignore certain words or errors in a document. Save This feature allows you personalize how your document is saved. You can specify how often you want auto save to run and where you want the documents saved. Advanced This feature allows you to specify options for editing, copying, pasting, displaying, printing and saving. Customize: Customize allows you to add features to the Quick Access Toolbar. If there are tools thatyou are utilizing frequently, you may want to add these to the Quick Access Toolbar. 65 Computer Skills Student Work book
Session 22: EDITING DOCUMENT Typing and inserting Text To enter text, just start typing! The text will appear where the blinking cursor is located. Move the cursor by using the arrow buttons on the keyboard or positioning the mouse and clicking the left button. The keyboard shortcuts listed below are also helpful when moving through the text of a document: Move Action Keystorke Beginning of the line HOME End of the line END Top of the document CTRL+HOME End of the document CTRL+HOME Selecting Text To change any attributes of text it must be highlighted first. Select the text by dragging the mouse over the desired text while keeping the left mouse button depressed, or hold down the SHIFT key on the keyboard while using the arrow buttons to highlight the text. The following table contains shortcuts for selecting a portion of the text: Selection Technique Whole word double-click with in the word Whole paragraph triple-click with in the paragraph Several words or lines drag the mouse over the words, or hold down SHIFT while using the arrow keys End of the document Choose Editing Select Select All from the Ribbon, or press CTRL + A Deselect the text by clicking anywhere outside of the selection on the page or press an arrow key on the keyboard. Inserting Additional Text Text can be inserted in a document at any point using any of the following methods: Type Text: Put your cursor where you want to add the text and begin typing Copy and Paste Text: Highlight the text you wish to copy and right click and click Copy, put your cursor where you want the text in the document and right click and click Paste. Cut and Paste Text: Highlight the text you wish to copy and right click and click Cut, put your cursor where you want the text in the document and right click and click Paste. 66 Computer Skills Student Work book
Drag Text: Highlight the text you wish to move, click on it and drag it to the place where you want the text in the docu- ment. You will notice that you can also use the Clipboard group on the Ribbon Rearranging Blocks of Text To rearrange text within a document, you can utilize the Clipboard Group on the Home Tab of the Ribbon. Insert picture of clipboard group labelled Move text: Cut and Paste or Drag as shown above Copy Text: Copy and Paste as above or use the Clipboard group on the Ribbon Paste Text: Ctrl + V (hold down the CTRL and the “V” key at the same time) or use the Clipboard group to Paste, Paste Special, or Paste as Hyperlink Deleting Blocks of Text Use the BACKSPACE and DELETE keys on the keyboard to delete text. Backspace will delete text to the left of the cursor and Delete will erase text to the right. To delete a large selection of text, highlight it using any of the methods outlined above and press the DELETE key. Search and Replace Text To find a particular word or phrase in a document: Click Find on the Editing Group on the Ribbon To find and replace a word or phrase in the document, click Replace on the Editing Group of the Ribbon. Undo, redo, or repeat an action Undo the last action or actions that you made 67 Computer Skills Student Work book
To undo an action, do one or more of the following: Click Undo on the Quick Access Toolbar. Keyboard shortcut Press CTRL+Z or F2. For the F2 function key to undo your last action, you might need to press the F-Lock key. Redo actions that you undid To redo an action that you undid, click Redo on the Quick Access Toolbar. Keyboard shortcut Press CTRL+Y or F3. For the F3 function key to redo your last action, you might needto press the F-Lock key 68 Computer Skills Student Work book
Session 23: FORMATTING TEXT Styles A style is a format enhancing tool that includes font typefaces, font size, effects (bold, italics, underline, etc.), colors and more. You will notice that on the Home Tab of the Ribbon, that you have several areas that will control the style of your document: Font, Paragraph, and Styles. Change Font Typeface and Size To change the font typeface: · Click the arrow next to the font name and choose a font. · Remember that you can preview how the new font will look by highlighting the text, and hovering over the new font typeface. 69 Computer Skills Student Work book
To change the font size: Click the arrow next to the font size and choose the appropriate size, or Click the increase or decrease font size buttons. Font Styles and Effects Font styles are predefined formatting options that are used to emphasize text. They include: Bold, Italic, and Underline. To add these to text: Select the text and click the Font Styles included on the Font Group of the Ribbon, or Select the text andright click to display the font tools Change Text Color To change the text color: Select the text and click the Colors button included on the Font Group of the Ribbon, or Highlight the text and right click and choose the colors tool. Select the color by clicking the down arrow next to the font color button. Highlight Text Highlighting text allows you to use emphasize text as you would if you had a marker. To highlight text: · Select the text · Click the Highlight Button on the Font Group of the Ribbon, or · Select the text and right click and select the highlight tool · To change the color of the highlighter click on down arrow next to the highlight button. Copy Formatting If you have already formatted text the way you want it and would like another portion of the document to have the same formatting, you can copy the formatting. To copy the formatting, do the following: Select the text with the formatting you want to copy. Copy the format of the text selected by clicking the Format Painter button on the Clipboard Group of the Home Tab Apply the copied format by selecting the text and clicking on it. 70 Computer Skills Student Work book
Clear Formatting To clear text formatting: Select the text you wish to clear the formatting Click the Styles dialogue box on the Styles Group on the Home Tab Click Clear All 71 Computer Skills Student Work book
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