tenses

DEV COACHING CLASSES SHAHPUR,DANAPUR (CANTT),PATNA. Contact:-8210682754,9060327422 Tenses The tense of a verb shows the time of an action or event. “the tense of a verb shows not only the time of an action or event,but also the state of an action” We may now define tense as “The form of a verb which shows the time at which an event occurs and the degree of completeness or incompleteness of the event” There are three main times or tenses in English: 1.The present tense 2.The past tense 3.The future tense A verb that refers to present time is said to be in the present tense;as I play. He writes. You sing. A verb that refers to past time is to be in the past tense;as I played. He wrote. You sang. A verb that refers to future time is to be in the future tense;as I shall play He will write. You will sing. Each of these three tenses has four forms which denote various shades of meaning. (i) Simple present tense (ii) Present continuous tense (iii) Present perfect tense (iv) Present perfect continuous tense USES OF THE TENSES 1. SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE STRUCTURE: SUBJECT+FIRST FORM OF THE VERB

FORMATION: 1. In affirmative sentences,With I,we,you,they,or plural noun,use the first form of the verb. Sub+v1 2. In negative sentences, with I,we,you,they,or plural noun are followed by ‘do not'.He,She,it or singular nouns are followed by ‘does not'. Sub+do not/does not +v1 3. In interrogative sentences,place ‘Do’or ‘Does’ before the subject and the first form of the verb after the subject. Do/Does+v1+object+? 2. PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE STRUCTURE:-SUBJECT+AM/IS/ARE+VERB+ING. FORMATION: 1.In affirmative sentences, Use ‘is’ with he,she,it or singular Noun; ‘am’ with ‘I’ and ‘are’ with we,you,they and a plural noun. 2. In negative sentenses:- sub+is/are/am+not+verb+ing. 3. In interrogative sentences:- Am/is/are+sub+Verb+ing+? 4. What/where/who/which+is/am/are+subject+verb+ing+? 3. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE STRUCTURE :- SUBJECT+HAS/HAVE+3RD FORM OF THE VERB FORMATION: 1.In affirmative sentences, Has,have are to be used according to the subject.use ‘has’with he,she,it and singular nouns and ‘Have' with I,we,you,they,or and plural nouns. 2. In negative sentences, place'not' between the verb and helping verb Sub+have/has+not+verb+obj. 3. In interrogative sentences,the helping verb(has/have)comes before the subject. Have/has+sub+verb+obj+? 4 what/where/which+have/has+sub+verb+obj+?

4. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE STRUCTURE:-SUBJECT+HAVE/HAS+BEEN+V-ING FORMATION: 1.In Affirmative sentences, have been/has been is used according to subject before first form of the verb+ing. Sub+have/has+been+v-ing. 2. In negative sentences, ‘not’ is placed between have/has and been. Sub+have/has+not+been+v-ing. 3.In interrogative sentences, ‘has’ or ‘have’ are placed before the subject and ‘been’ follows the subject. Have/has+subject+been+v-ing. 4.. What/where/why/how+have/has+subject+(not)+been+V-ing+? 5. SIMPLE PAST TENSE STRUCTURE:- SUB+2ND FORM OF THE VERB FORMATION: 1.In Affirmative sentences,second form of the verb is used with all persons; sub+v2+obj. 2.In Negative sentences, place ‘did not'after the subject and use first form of the verb. Sub+did not+ V1+obj 3.In Interrogative sentences,place ‘did’ before the subject and use first form of the verb after subject; Did+subject+V1+obj+? 4.In interrogative negative sentences Did+subject+not+V1+……..? Or. Didn't+subject+V1+………? 5.what/when/where/why+did+subject+(not)+V1+…….? 6. PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE STRUCTURE:-SUBJECT+WAS/WERE+V-ING FORM FORMATION: