NSG-VOL-40-NO-1-2022 redo3 FINAL SR

NoThvea Scotia Genealogist Spring 2022 Vol. XXXX/1

Newsletter The Genealogical Association of Nova Scotia was formed in June, 1982, and was incorporated as a Society in 1991. Membership is open to all who are Membership Dues interested in genealogical and historical research and support the objects of the Association, which are: to collect and preserve genealogical material, promote Meetings and the study of genealogy and family history in Nova Scotia, further ethical Workshops practices, promote scientific and effective techniques of genealogical research, Honorary and publish and distribute genealogical materials. GANS is a member of the Life Members Genealogical Institute of the Maritimes. We have a research library and provide research consulting services. Development Fund The Nova Scotia Genealogist, ISSN 0714-3672, is published three times a year. The NSG contains short articles, book reviews, queries, sources for research, family bible extracts, etc. and is available online in the months of March, July and November. Material for publication should be received by February 1st, June 1st and October 1st. Annual membership is $39.00 payable to the Genealogical Association of Nova Scotia. Membership includes receipt of issues of The Nova Scotia Genealogist, access to the Members Only Area of the GANS website, free queries and reduced workshop fees. Back issues of The NSG are available to members in the Members Only Area. Life memberships are available for $975. The Association holds lectures, workshops and an annual general meeting. Dates are announced in advance through The NSG, email, Facebook, Twitter and on our website. The following persons, each of whom has made an exceptional contribution to the development and progress of genealogy in Nova Scotia, have been designated Honorary Life Members of the Association: Ruth Burgess Mildred Howard Gwen Trask Virginia (Ginny) Clark Dr. Allan Marble Alfreda Withrow John Cordes Shirley McCormick Janice Fralic-Brown Karen McKay Leland Harvie Eleanor Smith GANS has received certification as a charitable organization and will provide official Canadian income tax receipts for donations to its Development Fund. Cards will be sent for memorial donations.

Spring 2022 Vol. XXXX/1 Genealogical Association of Nova Scotia Suite 100, 33 Ochterloney Street Dartmouth, Nova Scotia B2Y 4P5 Canada Tel: (902) 454-0322 Email: [email protected] Web site: http://www.NovaScotiaAncestors.ca www.facebook.com/NovaScotiaAncestors

ISSN 0714-3672 ©2022 Genealogical Association of Nova Scotia

Disclaimer: While every effort is made to ensure the accuracy of the information presented in this journal, the Genealogical Association of Nova Scotia, a volunteer run organiza- tion, assumes no liability or responsibility for the completeness, accuracy or useful- ness of any of the information contained herein. Information (including any revisions and updates) are provided solely as research aids and are provided strictly \"as is.\" Researchers are encouraged to consult all sources provided to determine their accuracy and/or applicability. Cover Image: W.H. Bartlett Print - Windsor, NS, 1842 Board of Directors - Genealogical Association of Nova Scotia President:....................................................Tim Douglas Gay Director:....................................................Mrs. Wanda Evans Secretary:.............................................Dr. Paul F. Armstrong Director:.................................................Barbara Ann Borden Treasurer:.............................................Dr. Paul F. Armstrong Director: ...........................................................Greg Aylward Director: .................................................Janice Fralic-Brown Director:............................................................Nancy Bowie Director: ..........................................................Joseph Ballard

Table of Contents Articles & Informative Letters........................................................8 Nova Scotia Chancery Court Records Revisited By Neal Cody .......................................................................................................................................8 A House, A Unique Family, and a Special Secret: Captain Anthony Coalfleet of Hantsport, Nova Scotia By Allen B. Robertson ........................................................................................................................18 History of the houses on Maynard Street by Suzanne Rent .................................................................................................................................25 Association News.............................................................................29 Website Additions:..............................................................................................................................29 Volunteer Opportunities:....................................................................................................................30 Bulletin Board .................................................................................31 The Equity Court................................................................................................................................32 Sources of Research........................................................................32 Queries .............................................................................................33 Vital Statistics..................................................................................34 Contributors’ Guidelines for The NSG.........................................38 Basic Citation formatting...................................................................................................................39

NSG - Vol. XXXX/1 7 Editor’s Note: Five years ago, I wrote a story about Prince’s Lodge rotunda for Halifax Magazine. Like many of you, for years I drove past the historic round building with its green roof wondering what was inside. That spring I decided to find out. I arranged a tour with a staff member from the Department of Transportation and Infrastructure Re- newal, which maintains the building and property. I’m not sure what I was expecting, but the inside really is like an abandoned apartment. Not long after the article was published, I also started a Face- book group called Saving the Stories of Prince’s Lodge rotunda where members and myself share pho- tos and stories of the rotunda. While the rotunda itself has its own history as the only piece of architecture of its kind in Canada, what I really find interesting about the building is the connections it has with the people who lived there or owned it. These folks span across generations and families and may never know one another, but they all share a connection to a special place in the city. Architecture is more than a building; it’s a space that holds stories of people and time. Mimi Fautley knows this well. Fautley lives in a house on Maynard Street in Halifax built by Henry J. Harris in the 1860s. As a bit of a pandemic project, Fautley set out to find out about the previous owners of her house. But as she started digging, she went further than that. Fautley’s house is con- nected to another house on Maynard. And on the same street, there are four sets of homes all built by Harris, too. Fautley took on an ambitious plan to find out the owners and tenants of all the other homes, too. Like the stories of the rotunda, Fautley discovered fascinating stories of her home and the others on Maynard Street. During her research, she learned about connections to her home’s previous owners that are so Nova Scotian in the way they are connected in fewer than six degrees of separation. In this issue, I talked with Fautley about her research, what she learned, and what she hopes to learn — maybe you can help her fill in some blanks in the stories she discovered. Also in this issue, we have the second part of Neal Cody’s in-depth article on the Chancery Courts. Allan Robertson has a story about Captain Anthony Coalfleet of Hantsport, his family, his house, and a “special secret.” Also, we have details on Dr. Allan Marble’s latest book, The History of Medicine in Nova Scotia from Confederation to Medicare: The Transition from Allopathic to Scientific Medicine. As always, we welcome your feedback on this issue and any story ideas for future issues. You can reach me at [email protected]. Your editor, Suzanne Rent

8 Articles & Informative Letters NSG - Vol. XXXX/1 Articles & Informative Letters Nova Scotia Chancery Court Records Revisited By Neal Cody Editor’s Note: This is part 2 in a three-part article about the Chancery Courts. You can read part 1 in our Fall 2021 issue. How to Find Ancestors Using Chancery Indexes One topic that Dr. Punch did not mention in his 2008 article was the various indexes to the Nova Scotia Court of Chancery Fonds. I am aware of four indexing efforts: 1) Alphabetical Name Index (all-name index, NSA) 2) Chronological Ledger Index (primary plaintiff & defendant index, McGregor) 3) Journals of the House of Assembly (partial index, JHA) 4) New England Planters Database (partial index, Acadia University) The first two are complete indexes, only available on-site at the Nova Scotia Archives, while the latter two are smaller partial indexes (representing a little over 30% of cases), but that are available online and therefore more widely accessible to all GANS members. 1) Alphabetical Name Index (NSA) A card catalogue consisting of 10,000+ handwritten cards in ten boxes was created by the Nova Scotia Archives (pro- bably in the 1990s) listing any party that was mentioned in each case file.27 This is the best index for researchers to use because of its completeness and alphabetical arrange- ment by surname. This index has not been scanned or microfilmed and is only accessible on-site at the Nova Scotia Archives. The cards are not on open shelving but in- stead must be retrieved by submitting a request slip and specifying “RG36 Card Index” and the corresponding box: Box 1: ABBOTT to BOYLE Figure 8: RG 36 (Court of Chancery) Index Card Box 1: Abbott to Boyle. 27. Cahill, 159.

NSG - Vol. XXXX/1 Articles & Informative Letters 9 Box 2: BRABNER to CUTLIP Figure 9: Example of handwritten RG36 index card. Box 3: DALLER to FURLONG This case was referenced in Punch's 2008 article. Box 4: GALLAGHER to HYSON Box 5: INGLIS to LYON Box 6: MABIE to MITCHNER Box 7: MOIR to QUINTAN Box 8: RAINARD to SNYDER Box 9: SOLOMON to VOGLER Box 10: WADE to ZWICKER Each card lists the surname and given names of the person involved, the year and date of the case, and the case file number (ranging from #1 to #1,904). In the example in Figure 9, the case number is 89. 2) Chronological Ledger Index (McGregor) This 185-page index was initially created in 1837 by John McGregor, a junior barrister in the Prothonotary’s office, at the direction of the Nova Scotia House of Assembly, and updated further later.28 The index consists of a ledger book of cases listed chronologically with the names of all plaintiffs and defendants, as well as the nature of the suits (e.g., foreclosure, probate, injunction, etc.), the case number (i.e. “No. of Figure 10: Nova Scotia Archives staff have been scanning Cause”), the number of papers in the case file, other on-site card catalogues recently. Perhaps the Court of decree number, and box (note: this is no longer relevant – decrees were originally not filed with Chancery index cards collection is also a potential cases, but are now), and the date the bill was candidate for scanning & digitization? filed. Cahill gives a thorough history of the creation and organization of this index, the case numbering, the poor organization of the files initially, and how they survived a fire in 1832. 28. Cahill, 154.

10 Articles & Informative Letters NSG - Vol. XXXX/1 Figure 11: Example of McGregor’s chronological ledger index (from microfilm) to Chancery cases. The reference number for this ledger is RG36 Vol. 72; however, it has also been microfilmed and is ac- cessible on self-serve reel no.16,565; it has not been digitized. Note that the last 35 case files entries are not in chronological order and range between 1751-1856. I have scanned McGregor’s chronological index ledger from the microfilm into PDF file format and have donated a copy to the Genealogical Association of Nova Scotia for future use by other members. McGregor also produced an alphabetical index (see RG36 volume 74b); however, it covers only cases #1-1344, representing the years 1751-1841; the card catalogue is a superior finding aid. 3) Journals of the House of Assembly (JHA) Figure 12: Example page from JHA 1838, Appendix 12, These are two printed appendices to editions of listing of Chancery cases. the Journal of the House of Assembly. The first is for the year 1838,29 listing Chancery cases #719 - 1177 (spanning the years 1826 - 1836, inclusive). The second is the JHA for the year 1855,30 listing Chancery cases #1742 - 1861 (spanning 1 March 1851- 7 February 1855. The listing is in chronological order and represents ~30% of total cases. These documents are di- gitized on Canadiana.ca online, but are not text-searchable. 29. “Appendix 12, 2nd Part,” In Journal and Proceedings of the House of Assembly of the Province of Nova-Scotia 1838, A.57-A.65. Halifax, N.S., 1838, accessed on 4 April 2022 from https://www.canadiana.ca/view/oocihm.9_00946_86/283. 30. “Appendix 19,” In Journal and Proceedings of the House of Assembly of the Province of Nova-Scotia 1854-55, A.148-A.151. Halifax, N.S., 1855, accessed on 4 April 2022 from https://www.canadiana.ca/view/oocihm.9_00946_106/334.

NSG - Vol. XXXX/1 Articles & Informative Letters 11 I have noticed occasional mix-ups in the numbering of the cases listed in the printed JHA versus the McGregor index (e.g., case 722 & 723); therefore, confirming with another index before requesting the case file might be advisable. Note that this list does not show all names that were mentioned in the case, only the lead plaintiff and lead defendant. This point can be made by comparing McGregor’s chronological ledger list against the JHA list—especially on listings that in the JHA list indicate “& al.”—Latin for “and others,” or “& ux” meaning “and wife.” Case #755, a foreclosure heard on 26 October 1826, is listed in the JHA as Thomas Wallace & al. vs. J.B. Uniacke. In contrast, the McGregor index (see Figure 13) lists the plaintiffs as “Thomas Wallace, Richard John Uniacke Junr [Junior], Charles Hill Wallace, Rupert John Cochran, and Robert Story, Executor of the will of Charles Hill deceased,” and the defendants as “James B. Uniacke, William Newman, John Newman, and Edmund Newman.” Figure 13: McGregor’s chronological index entry for Chancery case #755 (right-hand page of ledger not shown). Plaintiffs at left, defendants at right (RG36, vol.72, mfm#16,565, page 87). I’ve inadvertently chosen a very prominent family as an example, to the extent that the deceased Charles Hill has an entry in the Dictionary of Canadian Biography.31 The article mentions his assets at death ran “…to over £113,000, mostly in mortgages on local property, private notes from Halifax mer- chants and tradesmen, and British and American stocks, and for the nature and variety of its bequests.” While officially classified as a foreclosure (perhaps on one of the mortgages that Hill had owned), this case obviously stems from the death and resolution of the estate of Charles Hill. 31. J. B. Cahill, “HILL, CHARLES,” in Dictionary of Canadian Biography, vol. 6, University of Toronto/Université Laval, 2003, accessed 4 April 2022 from http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/hill_charles_6E.html.

12 Articles & Informative Letters NSG - Vol. XXXX/1 4) New England Planters Database (Acadia University) [Note: between the time this article was written and when it was pub- lished the Planters database has been taken offline. I have not mod- ified the text below in case it is re- stored, however the links provided will not work. I have transcribed some information from the data- base into a list that will appear at the end of this article —NC]. The New England Planters Data- Figure 14: Screenshot of an example entry from the Planters Database, base at Acadia University has sev- Chancery case #117, Lovett vs. “Philadelphia Merchants.” The McGregor eral thousand entries for various index (see Figure 11) lists the defendants as Jeremiah Worden, Jeremiah records pertaining to the pre-Loyal- ist settlers from the New England Parker, and Richard Parker. Source: https://auls.acadiau.ca/auls/public/PDB/display.cgi?pl,701439. colonies to Nova Scotia. Among the entries are 30 references to Chancery Court cases. While this represents just 1.6% of all Chancery cases, it represents 26% of cases before 1793. If you are looking for a person in this period, it is worth examining these entries. Figure 14 presents an example screenshot of one of these database entries, including references, meta- data, and a synopsis of the case under “Remarks.” The number of documents is listed, as well as the first and last dates – allowing us to note some cases that evoke Jarndyce and Jarndyce, like a dispute over Henry Glen’s estate (case #45)32 which took nine years to resolve, or the 11 years it took to resolve Watson vs. Bent (case #82). This latter case is especially interesting in that it was laid against partici- pants in the Eddy Rebellion at the Battle of Fort Cumberland, an attempt to bring Nova Scotia into the American Revolutionary War.33 How to Access Chancery Court Case Files As far as I am aware, none of the case files of the Nova Scotia Court of Chancery have been micro- filmed, either by the Nova Scotia Archives, the LDS/FamilySearch, or by Library and Archives Ca- nada, nor have there been any comprehensive transcription efforts in the past. 32. https://auls.acadiau.ca/auls/public/PDB/display.cgi?pl,701458. 33. “Battle of Fort Cumberland (1776).” Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, accessed 6 April 2022 from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Fort_Cumberland_(1776).

NSG - Vol. XXXX/1 Articles & Informative Letters 13 The only way to access the case files is to either request them in person at the Nova Scotia Archives, use a researcher on your behalf, or submit a request to the Archives for photocopies or scans. Note that for this latter option some of the case files can be quite thick and scanning could prove costly. Chancery Court records are found in Record Group 36 (RG36) of the Nova Scotia Archives and occupy 52.8 meters of archival shelf space. Case files are found in Series A, with 1,904 cases listed chronologically. Figure 15: RG36 finding aid showing container numbers and An RG36 finding aid is available that lists included case file number ranges. ‘Series A’ box numbers and the case files con- tained in each box. After using one of the in- dexes to identify which case file you want, you should use the finding aid to look up the box number containing that case file and submit a request slip for the RG36A box of interest. In addition to the Series A case files, there are docket, minute, and proceedings books,34 guardianships and action books,35 and several other miscellaneous volumes.36 These contemporary volumes may be useful in filling gaps created by missing documents within the case files. 34. NSA RG36 vol.75. 35. NSA RG36 vol.74. 36. For a detailed description of the additional volumes, see Cahill, 160-3.

14 Articles & Informative Letters NSG - Vol. XXXX/1 Documents of a Case File Case files are generally placed in archival file folders. Some contain only a single document while others are very large, containing hundreds.37 In my experience, most contain a half-dozen to two dozen documents—cases on the extremes are rarer. Some case files have had their documents num- Figure 16: Archival folder for case file RG36A #435: bered by Archives staff, while others have not. Hill vs. Warren & uxor [wife], containing 20 documents. The case files are not necessarily in order and therefore it is useful to become familiar with the common types of documents so that the ones with the highest likelihood of providing genea- logical information can be prioritized. Case files usually begin with a Bill of Complaint outlining the details of the wrong being alleged by the complainants (who refer to themselves as “orators”) and describing the solution or remedy that they seek. Defendants usually pro- vide a short response denying the claims; however, they can sometimes provide detailed explanations of their own. These bills can be very detailed and are where much of the in- formation of genealogical value can be found. Anyone fam- iliar with probate or land records research will recognize the style of language used – very formal, almost obsequious, with certain legal phrases being repeated many times. Figure 17: Title section of the Final Decree in Most cases also contain subpoenas—a document requiring case #634, Blowers et al. vs. Kidston et al. that the defendant appear to answer the Complaint, usually within 14 days. It appears to have often been difficult to get defendants to respond to these suits, usually with the result being that the court orders the sheriff to deliver the defend- ants, or proceedings began for a Contempt finding. In many cases, a significant delay in proceedings occurred after filing the Bill of Complaint, especially if the defendants lived a long distance from Halifax. 37. Cahill, 151.

NSG - Vol. XXXX/1 Articles & Informative Letters 15 If the case proceeded further, questioning of witnesses would often occur, called Interrogatories. The responses would be found in Depositions. These were always in written form be- fore legal reforms in 1833, after which they were sometimes oral and were not always recorded. There are many other document types based on the various legal procedures available to the complainants and defend- ants. Of note would be Replications in which the complain- ants can add additional detail to their Bill of Complaint, or Rejoinders, in which defendants can similarly amend or ex- pand on their defence. Lastly, Decrees, which give the final verdict in the case, are important as they often provide a sum- mary of the claims of both parties, including details. Not all documents have survived, and not all cases have a Figure 18: Newspaper clipping (likely from clear resolution—parties may have settled out of court and the Royal Gazette) publishing the order of the simply neglected to pursue the matter further in Chancery Court. Chancery Court, found in case file RG36A #435: Hill vs. Warren & uxor [wife]. An Example Case To provide an example case, file #859 was randomly selected. It is listed as a foreclosure in McGre- gor’s index and contains 21 documents. The complainants (George Robertson, James Hunter, Patrick Hunter, James Rogerson, James Tasker, and David Tasker of St. John’s, Newfoundland, operating under the name “Hunters & Co.”) alleged in May 1828 that they had not been paid on principal or interest of a mortgage taken out in May 1821 by one Ronald McDonald, trader of Port Hood Cape Breton, “now deceased,” on his property in Port Hood38 for £142.3s.2d. The 18-page Bill of Complaint states that Ronald McDonald died without a will in 1825,39 leaving Lauchlan McDonald, Alexander McDonald, and John McDonald, farmers, all of Port Hood, “his 38. For a copy of an indenture recording the mortgage, see Cape Breton County Registrar of Deeds, Book F, Page 150, accessed from the Nova Scotia Property Online database on 8 April 2022; alternately, see https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M- C3Q2-29Z9-3?i=354&cat=25350. This was before Inverness County was created and therefore Port Hood was in Cape Breton County at the time. The indenture further details that Ronald McDonald was of Port Hood Island and clarified the lands in question to be lots #28, 29, and 30 “on the eastern side of Port Harbour called Kepoch.” The Bill of Complaint must be in error as to the date of the original mort- gage, since it was recorded in the registry book in September 1820. 39. Death of Ronald McDonald, yeoman of Port Hood, in September 1825 is cited in Allan Everett Marble, Deaths, Burials, and Probate of Nova Scotians, 1800 -1850, from Primary Sources: Volume #3 (K-O), 158. Halifax, Nova Scotia, NS: Genealogical Associa- tion of Nova Scotia, 2001.

16 Articles & Informative Letters NSG - Vol. XXXX/1 brothers and heirs at law” surviving him. The bill continues saying that in 1828 administration of the estate went to the first two brothers by a decision of the Court of Wills and Probates via letters of ad- ministration. Figure 19: List of Complainants at the end of the Bill of After the initial Bill of Complaint was filed in May Complaint (listed as a Bill of Foreclosure) in Case #859, 1828, the defendants ignored the orders to appear or respond that were issued between May and Oc- George Robertson et al. vs. Lauchlan McDonald et al. tober 1828, and the court eventually found against the defendants in December 1828, ordering them to pay the original sum outstanding plus court costs. When payment was not forthcoming, the mortgaged property was seized and put up for sale, a notice printed in the Royal Gazette, and was sold to W. B. Robertson of Halifax for £100 in May 1829, with a deed being executed to convey the property. I have checked the Nova Scotia Property Online website, which shows no record of a deed transfer in either Halifax, Cape Breton, or Inver- ness counties, demonstrating that deeds could be transferred or assigned by the Court of Chancery directly, without the Registry of Deeds being in- volved. Notable in this case file is the fact that there were no submissions by the defendants.

NSG - Vol. XXXX/1 Articles & Informative Letters 17

18 Articles & Informative Letters NSG - Vol. XXXX/1 A House, A Unique Family, and a Special Secret: Captain Anthony Coalfleet of Hantsport, Nova Scotia By Allen B. Robertson Number 27 William Street, Hantsport, has been in my family’s possession for nearly 50 years. Its his- tory dates to before the creation of Canada (1867) when it was built c.1836 for Captain Anthony Coal- fleet, his wife Hannah (nee Martin), and their young family. Many of the original features of the building remain. The family surname itself is unique to Hantsport and area. During the early to mid-1770s, ex-soldier Edward Barker (formerly of the 2nd Battalion, 59th Regi- ment of Foot) had been settled in Falmouth where he had been following the livelihood of farmer. He made trips overland with cattle to sell at the Halifax market. According to oral tradition, he returned from one trip with an infant orphan boy who was the sole survivor of shipwreck carrying coal. In pro- saic fashion, Barker named the child Peter Coalfleet. He would be raised with his sons and daughters in Falmouth and after the family acquired property in what became the nucleus of the village, later the town, of Hantsport. Peter Coalfleet, also a farmer by profession, built his own home across the county line in what became known as Hants Border. Here he raised a family with his wife Hannah Dorman,

NSG - Vol. XXXX/1 Articles & Informative Letters 19 among whom were Anthony and Abel (both master mariners), Robert (farmer) and their daughters, Elizabeth and Lucy, who became the wives of the brothers William and Edward Davison (master mari- ners) of Hantsport. William and Edward Davison’s parents Asa and Rhoda (Fox) Davison had acquired the old house at the shore end of the present-day William Street (then known as the Old Shore Road), while other sons, in- cluding William and Edward built further up the street on land purchased from their parents. Anthony Coalfleet built his house on land likewise bought from the elder Davisons, and diagonally across the street from Captain William Davison. This Coalfleet family would consist of sons Peter, Robert, and John, who built their own houses further along William Street as did Anthony’s brother-in-law, Joseph Martin. One may say that the genealogy of the houses paralleled the Davison-Coalfleet connections. Anthony and Hannah Coalfleet’s house was in the Cape Cod tradition with some variations. The main house had its central chimney, central door flanked by one window on either side, and visible plain pi- lasters at the corners of the building and along the horizontal (front and back) at the roof-line. This one- and-a-half storey building has a side ell with its own chimney, which provides access to the steep (nearly 80 degree angle) staircase to the upper story. Two principal rooms open off a small hallway each with its own fireplace; the mantel surrounds are still intact though the openings have been blocked

20 Articles & Informative Letters NSG - Vol. XXXX/1 off. The room to the right appears to have functioned as the dining room since the fireplace has a double up-and-down warming closet adjacent to it; the fireplace itself has fluted pilasters and a high mantle. Three six-panel doors remain (“Holy Cross” or “Cross and Bible” as these are sometimes called) with original hinges. One of the two upstairs bedrooms has a three-drawer dresser built into the eaves wall. On either side of the upper level there is open storage space between the exterior and interior walls in which some of the great trunnels or wooden spikes that hold the beams in place can be seen (and need to be avoided when one enters!). The foundation consists of earth excavation with sandstone blocks in place to raise the main beams above the rise of damp and rot; local sandstone quarries seem to have been the source. Several years ago, a well-worn Georgian coin was recovered from the cellar, no doubt dating from the time of construction. The current verandah and sunporch are 20th-century additions. During kitchen renovations and insulat- ing of the attic, my father recovered sev- eral relics of the Victorian age and a few leaves of a notebook. The latter was kept by Anthony Coalfleet with dates for 1854 to 1857. In addition, a whole child’s shoe lath and a partial lath were recovered; Coalfleet practised shoemak- ing on shore. The leaves of the notebook list vessels Coalfleet either commanded or served on (schooners Sterling and Si- donia, and brig William Boothby), crew- men (William Stoddard, Sherman Davison, Ingerson Card, A. Nelson, Thomas Mitchell, and Daniel Jackson); ports of call included Windsor, Horton, and New York. The main cargo noted was the exporting of potatoes (one voy- age shipped 5243 bushels to New York). Wages were also listed. I have been able to trace some of these trips by way of American newspapers [chroniclingame- rica.loc.gov ] and those held by the Nova Scotia Archives (mainly the Acadian Recorder available on-line). Anthony Coalfleet was born in the colony of Nova Scotia (c.1799) and died in the new country Canada (27 Sept. 1867); Hannah (born c.1810) outlived him until 1890. Both are buried in Hantsport Riverbank Cemetery. Anthony’s mother, the widow of Peter Coalfleet, (born c.1778) lived until her 97th year (1875) so that the oral traditions of the family were carried forward to Anthony’s children and grand- children, and among her other descendants. Not noted in the early Women’s Institute history of Hant- sport (first published 1947, edited by Hattie Chittick) or other sources was the “adventure” involving

NSG - Vol. XXXX/1 Articles & Informative Letters 21 Anthony Coalfleet in 1833. Perhaps it too closely resembled piracy, though that would have been the incorrect word; nonetheless, Coalfleet was involved in an international incident that sparked a flurry of diplomatic correspondence between Fredericton, Halifax, Washington, and London. Prior to his employment in shipping agricultural produce, Anthony Coalfleet during the 1830s was an active participant in the Hants County plaster trade (gypsum) with the state of Maine. There arose a zone of smuggling between the area that separated Maine and New Brunswick (very well described in Joshua M. Smith’s book Borderland Smuggling 2006) since captains and shipowners looked on it as a wasted trip if their ships returned to home port with empty hulls. Consequently, there were breaches of the custom regulations under the Crown authorities based in St. Andrew’s, and even in defiance of American customs officials. Coalfleet was a crew member of the schooner Wellington (possibly known in full as the Lady Wellington as given at a Windsor listing in 1830), but in 1833 he was the master in charge. William Martin was the main owner (a relation of Anthony’s wife) while John Martin was the regular captain. It was a modest vessel of 41 tons. The other ship in the Eastport and St. Andrew’s af- fray was the schooner Shannon (91 tons) under John Nelson of Newport, Hants County. That August 1833, there were upwards of 20 vessels from Nova Scotia at Eastport, Maine. One, the Shannon, had discharged its cargo and was sailing for Windsor when the Customs vessel’s official boarded it, discov- ered contraband items (including gun-powder), and ordered Nelson to sail into St. Andrew’s for holding where the cargo was to be confiscated. The incident occurred off Indian Island, and was visible to the ship crews and residents of Eastport.

22 Articles & Informative Letters NSG - Vol. XXXX/1 On August 9, a group of armed men led by Anthony Coalfleet in the Wellington sailed into St. An- drew’s during the day, expelled the Customs men from the Shannon, liberated Nelson and his vessel, and returned in triumph to Eastport amid on-shore celebratory greetings. Thereafter, the two vessels W.H. Bartlett Print W.H. Bartlett Print Windsor, NS, 1842 Eastport and Passamaquoddy Bay, 1839

NSG - Vol. XXXX/1 Articles & Informative Letters 23 sailed back to Nova Scotia. A flurry of correspondence arose in the ensuing months between the Pro- vincial Secretaries of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, and respective ambassadors for the United States and Britain. Rather different versions of the “facts” were noted — either a party of over 50 men were involved, or only a handful; full collusion of Eastport residents in the affray or only a handful; worthies of Eastport averred that it was a small matter, while a British consular agent there had an op- posing view. It seems that the incident was allowed to fade away to avoid any risk of diplomatic rup- tures. Nonetheless, the documentation did offer names, places, and insight into the plaster trade. Three years later Anthony Coalfleet moved across the county line from Kings to Hants where he built his house on William Street. With a growing family, he led a more conventional life, though one can hardly imagine that his 1833 adventure was not repeated to his children for entertainment. The house has its stories in its occupants — Coalfleet the Master Mariner; a later owner who was a sailmaker in the shipyards of Hantsport; one of the community’s early coal merchants; and the mill worker who in- spired a two-mile road race to encourage the young in that sport. The double genealogy of people and buildings along William Street remind us of the value in searching out history. Appendix: brigantine William Boothby: 109 tons: built St. Martin’s, NB, 1844: Original owners: James Co- chrane, Windsor, NS, mariner and shares held by St. Martin’s men; 1847 Cochrane sold his shares to Ebenezer Smith, Falmouth, NS, mariner, and Albert Smith, Falmouth, NS, mariner. Owner 1857: Leon- ard Martin, Falmouth, NS, mariner [Brother-in-law to Anthony Coalfleet]; 1860 ownership transferred to Saint John, NB, registry schooner Shannon: 91 tons: built 1829 at Petite, Hants Co., NS: owner 1830 was D. Sanford; master in August 1833 John Nelson of Newport, NS schooner Sidonia: 74 tons: built Parrsboro 1849: Registry of Shipping noted that “Not heard from for many years. Registry closed May 28, 1874” schooner Sterling: 78 tons: owners Peleg Holmes Sr. master, Kendall Holmes, mariner: built Cornwal- lis 1845; builder Daniel Huntley; still listed in 1857 schooner Wellington: 41 tons: owner 1830 William Martin; master August 1833 Anthony Coalfleet; master 1834 John Martin

24 Articles & Informative Letters NSG - Vol. XXXX/1 Bibliography: Coalfleet, Anthony. Notebook: 1854-1857. Unpublished Manuscript. Manning, Walter K., ed. Diplomatic Correspondence of the United States: Canadian Relations: 1784-1860. Washington, DC: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 1947 National Archives and Library Canada {bac-lac.gc.ca]: Register of Shipping. Nova Scotia Archives: RG1 Vol. 14: 1833 Dec. 30: re: Anthony “Coldfleet” RG7 [Provincial Secretary’s Papers]: 1833 #69 and #71 re: Anthony “Coldfleet” RG36 [Court of Chancery]: #1113: Crane vs Martin [Heirs of] Paulin, Charles Oscar and Frederic L. Paxson, Guide to the Materials in London Archives for the History of the United States since 1783 (Washington, DC: Carnegie Institution of Washington, Publication no. 90B, 1914) Robertson, Allen B. Tide & Timber: Hantsport, Nova Scotia 1795-1995. Hantsport, NS: Lancelot Press, 1996; repub. Mil- ton, ON: Heritage Press, 2001. Smith, Joshua M. Borderland Smuggling: Patriots, Loyalists, and Illicit Trade in the Northeast 1783-1820. University Press of Florida, 2006. The Evening Mail, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, 07 Oct 1905, Sat • Page 11

NSG - Vol. XXXX/1 Articles & Informative Letters 25 History of the houses on Maynard Street by Suzanne Rent Mimi Fautley has lived in the same house on Maynard Street in Halifax for the last 20 years. In 2020, after her divorce, Fautley became the house’s sole owner. That same year, she had some extra time on her hands as COVID lockdowns shut the doors of her business temporarily. And then, Fautley asked herself a question: “When exactly was this house built?” So, Fautley, who said she has had some research experience be- fore, but not historical research, started digging to find the an- swer. “I love that house. I have lived there now for nearly 20 years Mimi Fautley and it’s like a relative,” Fautley said. “This was like genealogi- cal research in that sense. It became the genealogy of my house rather than of the otherwise unconnected people who had lived in that house and who had built the house. That led to the ques- tion of ‘how did houses get built then? Who built them? Did they build them one at a time or a whole bunch at a time?’” Fautley’s house is one of eight on her street built by Henry Harris, who was born in the U.K., but moved to Halifax where he built all kinds of houses in the city, including houses on Creighton and Brunswick streets. The houses on Maynard are attached in pairs and take up all of Maynard Street be- tween Harris and Woodill streets.

26 Articles & Informative Letters NSG - Vol. XXXX/1 Fautley already knew a few facts. She first found her house in the Hopkins’ City Atlas of Halifax of 1878. But she wanted to know if her house existed prior to that. Then she found the McAlpine Nova Scotia directories, which were first published around the 1860s. “These are the phone books before phone books existed,” Fautley says. “We’re really lucky to have this resource. I don’t think there’s as thorough a resource for other cities.” Fautley described the McAlpine directories as alphabetical listings of businesses and homes, along with the heads of households and their civic addresses. Sometimes the directories included the occupations of head of households and the work addresses of those heads of households, too. McAlpine produced a specific directory just for Halifax. By the second edition, that directory included an alphabetical list of all the streets in the city, all the civic addresses on those streets, and the residents of those addresses for the odd numbers, and then the even numbers. “It’s basically an analogue map,” Fautley said. “It’s a description of a street that’s as vivid as a map. It’s amazing.” Then Fautley started searching census records, cross-referencing what she found in the McAlpine di- rectories with the details she found in census records. “The census was done by going door to door, so if you can see that by looking at the sequence of the names in the census and comparing it to the sequence of names in the directory, you will see neighbors next to each other in the same order you see them in the directory.”

NSG - Vol. XXXX/1 Articles & Informative Letters 27 Fautley learned the patterns of home residents. Wealthy people were more likely to be renters. Lodgers seemed to live in a place longer than people with money. Fautley started documenting her work in a spreadsheet, listing owners and residents of the homes on Maynard in the sheet’s columns. She didn’t have immediate access to deeds and mortgages stored with the Registry of Deeds, so she volunteered her time and research with Heritage Trust, who then gave her access to the registry via their account. Besides the deeds, Fautley found the mortgages of the Maynard homes’ residents, which she called an “amazing goldmine.” She also found “odd bits” of contracts, wills, and sometimes lot drawings, includ- ing those drawn in the hand of Harris. “That was so amazing. There were a few moments of discovery in the Registry of Deeds that were deeply moving,” she said. Fautley said that work is intense because the deeds haven’t been transcribed yet into print, so she had to learn how to read the handwriting. “You need a good monitor, you need top-level reading skills, and patience,” Fautley says. Fautley says she’s dealt with only a fraction of the stories of the people who lived in those houses. But still she discovered some incredible facts about who lived in the homes built by Harris that prove it’s a very small world, even when you start digging into the past. David McAlpine, the creator of those

28 Articles & Informative Letters NSG - Vol. XXXX/1 directories that Fautley used for her research, was one of the first residents of a home Harris built on Creighton Street. “My head exploded on that day,” Fautley said. “You can’t make that up. Halifax has basically remained unchanged.” Fautley did eventually find the first resident of her house. It was James Charles Philip (J.C.) Dumaresq, one of the most prominent architects in the Maritimes of his time. The small-world connections would continue. The branch of the bank where Fautley signed the papers to take over her ex-husband’s part of the mortgage was designed by Dumaresq. There was one other person Fautley found in her research that caught her attention: Sarah Mason. Faut- ley first saw Mason’s name on the research when she and her ex-husband bought the house, but she didn’t pay much attention back then. When Mason’s name came up again, Fautley wanted to learn more about her. “I really, really want to find out if there are family pictures of her, but I don’t know really how to find out those things,” Fautley said. What Fautley knows is that Mason was born in 1846 on Tancook Island and her family name was Cross. She was married twice, first to Ephraim Mason and then later to John Charles Countaway (sometimes spelled Counteway). She had a daughter named Laura. Her son, Charles, eventually be- came a grocery magnate in Sydney. Mason is buried in Fairview cemetery. Mason had lived in the house next to Fautley’s. She was listed as a widow and was running the house as a boarding house. Fautley found out how Mason came to be the owner of the house and that Mason’s second husband was abusive and cruel. Fautley found a protection order Mason filed against Counte- way, whom Mason was married to for less than a year. It looks like Mason filed the order so she could get clear title on the purchase of the house. With the suggestion of an attorney friend, Fautley found the application for the order in supreme court records at the Nova Scotia Archives. That application detailed stories of threats of violence, cruelty, and demands of money by Mason’s husband. “This story has really captured me, and I really feel the need to know as much as I can.” Since researching the stories of her home and her neighbours’ homes, Fautley says she sees her home differently. She wonders about how those people lived in the house and how they changed it. Some of her neighbors found the names of previous occupants inscribed on beams and joists in their homes. “It’s incredible to be in a house and think about all the people who have lived in it and whom it was built by and when,” she says. “If someone goes to do this in the future, because our public identities are no longer looped to a physical place in the same way, like through the directories, it would be hard to compile this.” “These stories exist for every house, whether it’s a house in a subdivision in Cole Harbour or a house that’s been there for 200 years. Those houses all have living people in them. Now my fantasy is to do this work for people all the time.”

NSG - Vol. XXXX/1 Association News 29 Association News The GANS' office and the Terry Punch Research Library are OPEN Hours: 9:30 – 3:30, Tuesday to Thursday Website Additions: Jan 2022 GANS Publications: The Living Connection Exchange Publications: Chinook ARCH Feb 2022 GANS Publications: The Living Connection Exchange Publications: Kiwi, Kith & Kin Cariboo Notes Mar 2022 GANS Publications: Nova Scotia Genealogist - NSG Exchange Publications: The Living Connection Highland Family History Society Journal Kingston Relations Chinook ARCH Aberdeen & North-East Scotland Family History Society Journal Generations-Manitoba Okanagan Researcher British Columbia Genealogist Je Me Souviens Western Ancestor - Journal of the Western Australian Genealogical Society Descent - Magazine of the Society of Australian Genealogists Apr 2022: GANS Publications: The Living Connection Exchange Publications: American-Canadian Genealogist

30 Association News NSG - Vol. XXXX/1 Apr 2022: Exchange Publications Con’t: American-Canadian Genealogist Generations-Manitoba Ancestor (the) - Family History Society of NL & Labrador Chinook ARCH Saskatchewan Genealogical Society Bulletin Volunteer Opportunities: We are always looking for volunteers for a number of projects, some big, some small, to be done in the office or at home, alone or part of a team—we have something for everyone. Knowledge of genealogy is not required, we’d just like your time. Opportunities include: • Surname Indexing • Processing Collections • Vital Stats Projects • Obituary Data Entry • Research Room Guiding • Cemetery Indexing If you are interested, please send an email to [email protected]

NSG - Vol. XXXX/1 Bulletin Board 31 Bulletin Board GANS Publications To see a list of GANS Publications and other books for sale, please visit our Gift Shop at : https://www.novascotiaancestors.ca/store.php?sid=5 At more than 350 pages, Dr. Allan Marble’s latest book, The History of Medicine in Nova Scotia from Confederation to Medicare: The Tran‐ sition from Allopathic to Scientific Medicine, is a meticulously re­ searched and fascinating look at the practice of medicine in the province over a century. This book is the third in a series of three vol­ umes. As Marble writes in his preface, this volume teaches readers about a period during which there were major discoveries in medicine, including those by Louis Pasteur and Joseph Lister. Over nine chapters, readers will learn about topics such as the preven­ tion, treatment, and control of infectious diseases, hospitals and dis­ pensaries in Halifax and Dartmouth, and the responses of doctors and nurses from Nova Scotia to the war in South Africa, the First and Second World Wars, and the Korean War. Chapters 4 and 5 are dedicated to rural medicine, specifically the role of the country doctor and the estab­ lishment of hospitals in rural Nova Scotia. Chapter 8, the Impact of the Spanish Influenza Pandemic on Nova Scotia, seems especially relevant. In May, Marble gave a lecture at the GANS office about the Spanish Influenza and Nova Scotia; so much of what he spoke about is covered in this chapter. Marble researched thousands of death records from Vital Statistics to find out about the people who died from the virus that killed 2,000 Nova Scotians. The book is also filled with archival photographs of hospitals from across Nova Scotia and medical leaders of the time. For anyone interested in medical history, The History of Medicine in Nova Scotia from Confederation to Medi‐ care: The Transition from Allopathic to Scientific Medicine is not only a comprehensive and crucial resource book, but also tells the stories of Nova Scotians who changed how medicine was practised in the province and beyond. You can obtain your copy for $30 plus shipping by emailing Allan Marble at [email protected].

32 Sources of Research NSG - Vol. XXXX/1 Sources of Research The Equity Court Is held every Monday and Wednesday, and other days, when business requires (except in vacation) at 11 o’clock, a.m. Counties Judges of Probate Registrars of Probate Registrars of Deeds Annapolis E.C. Cowling Fredk. Leavitt John McCormack Antigonish A. McIntosh, M.D. R.J. Forristall C.N. Harrington Cape Breton L.E. Tremain Joseph A. Gillies John Gillies Colchester E.F. Munro G. Campbell James K. Blair Cumberland J.D. Kinnear W.M. Fullerton James E. Purdy Parrsborough N/A N/A A.T. Clarke, M.D. Digby J.A. Dennison Charles Budd Chas. McC. Campbell Guysboro’ E. Carritt, M.D. E.I. Cunninham Wm. Moir Guysboro’ St. Mary’s John McDaniel Wm. D.R. Cameron W.D.R. Cameron Halifax Hon. S.L. Shannon, Q.C. Wm. Howe William H. Keating Hants, West C.E. DeWolfe Walter Rickards David Hamilton Inverness E.D. Tremain Donald McDonald John A. McDonnell Kings Stephen H. Moore Henry Lovett Saml. Chipman Lunenburg S.A. Chesley Wm. A. Gaetz Henry Bailey Chester N/A N/A Geo. E. DeWitt, M.D. Pictou James Fogo Jno. Hamilton Lane Jno. Ferguson Queens J.N.S. Marshall Nathaniel Freeman N. Freeman Richmond W.R. Cutler D. O’C. Madden Thomas J. Jean Shelburne Robt. G. Irwin Wm. E. Marshall William Thomson N/A N/A Dep. do. R.A. Bruce Shelburne Barrington Josiah Coffin F.W. Homer F.W. Homer Victoria L.G. Campbell Alexander Cameron A. Taylor, Jr. Yarmouth James Murray H.A. Grantham Miss A. Murray McAlpine's Halifax City Directory for 1884-85, page 490

NSG - Vol. XXXX/1 Queries 33 Queries Instructions: Genealogical queries must be typewritten or printed clearly and show the name and the address of the submitter. Members may send their queries by email. Free to members; non-members pay $6.00 per query. Un- less prepaid, a query will not be published. Queries per person are limited to five (5) per issue. Please keep each one concise and to the point. Com- mon abbreviations are listed below. Please spell out all other words. Deadlines: Free Queries for Members Standard Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .February 1st. Abbreviations: Summer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .June 1st. Fall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .October 1st. b. . . . . . . . . .birth, born co. . . . . . . . . . . .county ref. . . . . . . . .reference bp. . . . . . . . . .baptized d. . . . . . . . .death, died s/o . . . . . . . . . . .son of bur. . . . . . . . . . .buried dau. . . . . . . . .daughter w. . . . . . . . . . . . . .wife ca. . . . . . . . . . . . .circa d/o . . . . . . .daughter of wid. . . . . . .widow(ed) ch. . . . . .child, children info . . . . . .information m. . . . . . . . . . .married poss. . . . . . . . .possibly Send Queries to: Genealogical Association of Nova Scotia Attn: Publications Editor Suite 100, 33 Ochterloney Street, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 4P5 Canada Email: [email protected]

34 Vital Statistics NSG - Vol. XXXX/1 Vital Statistics Calgary Herald, Calgary, Alberta, Canada • 08 Mar 1983, Tue • Page 47 The Evening Mail, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada • 27 Dec 1920, Mon • Page 3 The Evening Mail, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada • 10 Jan 1923, Wed • Page 10 The Halifax Herald, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada • 24 Apr 1888, Tue • Page 3 The Evening Mail, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada • 16 Sep 1915, Thu • Page 3 The News Tribune, Tacoma, Washington • 06 Sep 1955, Tue • Page 18 The Daily Telegraph, London, Greater London, England • 12 May The Gazette, Montreal, Quebec, Canada • 04 Feb 1974, Mon • Free Press Prairie Farmer, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada • 24 Apr 1956, Sat • Page 10 Page 30 1907, Wed • Page 6

NSG - Vol. XXXX/1 Vital Statistics 35 Whitehorse Daily Star, Whitehorse, Yukon, Canada • 29 Jan 1975, Wed • Page 5 The Evening Mail, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada • 15 Apr 1929, Mon • Page 3 The Winnipeg Tribune, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada • 03 Apr 1929, Wed • Page 16 The Winnipeg Tribune, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada • 28 Dec 1923, Fri • Page 3 Free Press Prairie Farmer, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada • 12 Jul The Halifax Herald, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada • 10 Dec 1889, The Gazette, Montreal, Quebec, Canada • 28 Nov 1931, Sat • 1916, Wed • Page 4 Tue • Page 3 Page 3

36 Vital Statistics NSG - Vol. XXXX/1 The Winnipeg Tribune, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada • 13 Jul 1927, Wed • Page 6 Manitoba Weekly Free Press, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada • 03 Jul 1890, Thu • Page 2 Free Press Evening Bulletin, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada • 10 Jun 1926, Thu • Page 24 The Evening Mail, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada • 19 Dec 1898, Free Press Evening Bulletin, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada • 29 Mon • Page 8 Jul 1924, Tue • Page 4 uThe Evening Mail, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada • 14 Oct 1897, Thu • Page 3

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Contributors’ Guidelines for The NSG The following guidelines are intended to assist contributors regarding deadlines for contributions, length and type of articles submitted, documentation required, and acceptable format of material. The spirit of the guidelines is to promote high quality and suitable standardization of submissions for the benefit of our readers. 1 Each item sent for publication must contain the submitter’s name, email address, mailing address and phone number. 2 Contributors are asked to send submissions as Word or rich text (.rtf) documents by email attachment to the Editor at [email protected]. Please send images separate from the article text and in the highest resolution possible. No pdf documents please. 3 Submission deadlines are the 1st of February, the 1st of June and the 1st of October. Material received too late for one issue will be considered for inclusion in a later issue, if appropriate. 4 Articles must be adequately researched and documented. The use of footnotes and/or a bibliography is strongly encouraged. Citations should take the form of footnotes or endnotes. A bibliography may be provided but is not a substitute for footnotes or endnotes. For guidance in the use and construction of footnotes and bibliographic references, preferred resources would be Elizabeth Shown Mills’ Evidence Explained: Citing History Sources from Artifacts to Cyberspace (pub. 2017), and/or the latest edition of The Chicago Manual of Style. For citing online sources, Mills’ Quick Sheet: Citing Online Historical Sources is highly recommended. The Editor will provide assistance regarding documentation to contributors who do not have access to these publications. 5 Submissions such as excerpts from family bibles, census records, family articles, sources of research and short genealogies (maximum 3 generations) will be published subject to consideration of length, space, suitability and probability of reader interest. The Editor reserves the right to accept or reject submissions, without right of appeal, based on the accuracy of the information, adequacy of documentation, or any other factor affecting suitability for publication. The Editor may decide to split a long submission between two or more issues if the material is deemed to be of sufficient interest to our readers. Articles covering underrepresented counties or subjects are appreciated. The subject index located at https://www.novascotiaancestors.ca/cpage.php?pt=238 can be consulted. 6 The Editor may automatically correct unintended grammatical inconsistencies but questions about inconsistencies regarding clarity of meaning will not be corrected without consultation with the author. Likewise, the Editor must obtain written permission from the submitter to reduce by more than five lines the length of an article or item otherwise acceptable for publication. 7 Notices pertaining to genealogy are eligible for inclusion in the Bulletin Board section of The NSG. We cannot, however, solicit or accept paid advertisements. 8 The copyright will be held by the author, but GANS has the exclusive right to publishing, including self-publishing, for one year from the date of publication. 9 Editors of non-profit family history publications may publish material derived from The NSG, provided that they request permission by emailing [email protected] and that The NSG is acknowledged in print as the source.

Basic Citation formatting (using Nova Scotia Historical Vitals Statistics records as an example) FULL CITATION 1. [website name], “[name of collection],” ([document being referenced]), [publisher], [accessed date], [complete URL]. [optional commentary follows citation]. SHORTENED CITATION 2. [name of collection usually shortened if longer than 4 words], ([document being referenced]), [accessed date], [complete URL]. [optional commentary follows citation]. The first instance for a particular collection being cited (i.e. marriages) needs to be cited in full (see references 1, 3 and 5). Additional citations to the same collection can be shortened (see references 2, 4, and 6). The commentary if included (it’s optional) must be at the end of the citation. 1. Nova Scotia Archives, “Nova Scotia, Canada; Marriages: Bonds 1753-1864; Registrations: 1864-1944,” (Registration Year: 1812 - Book: 1800 - Page: 2870), Province of Nova Scotia, accessed October 21, 2017, https://archives.novascotia.ca/vital-statistics/marriage/?ID=2752. Elizabeth Brown and Wyndham Madden marriage bond 1812 in Halifax County. 2. Nova Scotia, Canada; Marriages, (Registration Year: 1812 - Book: 1800 - Page: 2870), https://archives.novascotia.ca/vital-statistics/marriage/?ID=2752. Elizabeth Brown and Wyndham Madden marriage bond 1812 in Halifax County. 3. Nova Scotia Archives, “Nova Scotia, Canada; Deaths: 1864-1877; 1908-1969; City of Halifax 1890-1908,” (Registration Year: 1869 - Book: 1809 - Page: 54 - Number: 284). Province of Nova Scotia, accessed Nov 12, 2017, https://archives.novascotia.ca/vital-statistics/death/?ID=31140. Michael Madden, died 1869 in Windsor, Hants County. 4. Nova Scotia, Canada; Deaths, (Registration Year: 1869 - Book: 1809 - Page: 54 - Number: 284), https://archives.novascotia.ca/vital-statistics/death/?ID=31140. Michael Madden, died 1869 in Windsor, Hants County. 5. Nova Scotia Archives. “Nova Scotia, Canada; Births: 1864-1877; 1908-1919; Delayed Registrations: 1830-1919,” (Registration Year: 1873 - Book: 1812 - Page: 209 - Number: 31), Province of Nova Scotia, https://archives.novascotia.ca/vital- statistics/birth/?ID=57326. Michael Madden, born 1873 in Maitland, Hants County. 6.  Nova Scotia, Canada; Births, (Registration Year: 1873 - Book: 1812 - Page: 209 - Number: 31), https://archives.novascotia.ca/vital-statistics/birth/?ID=57326. Michael Madden, born 1873 in Maitland, Hants County.

The Halifax Herald, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, 01 Dec 1884, Mon • Page 1