ม1 พื้นฐาน เทอม 1 เล่ม 1

ï140 ÒáĂãöĀøãñìŝ ąēçÞĀç Ċåûï :+3:+:Q !/!D)K “ĵ½ÄµšÄÛ «¹«Î§³Õ ¦¹g ´šÛÄ«¹«Î§³Õ ©ÇDÖ #đ!“ĵ½Äµ·™§¹Ã ¿ÄºÃ´“ “ĵ–¥Ë §Ä³”g¿§“·™§¹Ã «×Ç §¹Ã ½Äµ  ®·½Äµ  §Ã¹§×™Ã §Ã¹¿´Äf ™©ÖÇ  š™½Ä®·½Äµ”¿™ 405 š™½Ä®·½Äµ”¿™ 450 §Ã¹½Äµ  ®·½Äµ = §™Ã× §×™Ã ..................................................... (5  @ = 40 ..................................................... §g¿™½Ä–fĔ¿™ @ ©–ÖÇ Ë¥ (5 Ò¦g 40 ..................................................... (5  (8 = 40 ..................................................... ¦Ã™«×ë @ = 8 ..................................................... §¿¬ ««Öà –¿É 405 = 8 ..................................................... §¹Ã ¿´Äf ™©ÖÇ  š™½Ä®·½Äµ”¿™ 450 š™½Ä®·½Äµ”¿™ 840 §Ã¹½Äµ  ®·½Äµ §Ã¹§™×à ..................................................... (5  @ = 40 ..................................................... ϧf ..................................................... (5  8 = 40 ..................................................... ¦™Ã «×ë @ =8 ..................................................... §¿¬ ««Öà –¿É 450 = 8 ..................................................... ¼µÊ­ 1. ¨għ¹Ã §ÃיϷ§¹Ã ½ÄµD#đ!šÛÄ«¹«Î§³Õ ¬¹“©™Ã× –fË ½µ¿É šÛÄ«¹«Î§Õ³·¬©Ã™× –Ëf šÂÒ¦–g Ûħ¿¬D#đ! šÄÛ «¹«Î§Õ³¬¹“ 2. ¨Äg §¹Ã §™Ã× Ï·Â§¹Ã ½ÄµD#đ!šÄÛ «¹«Î§Õ³œ«¦Æ ©§ÇÖ Äf ™“ë ½µÉ¿³ÇΖµÉÖ¿™½³Ä´§fę“ë šÂÒ¦g–ÛÄ §¿¬D#đ!šÄÛ «¹«Î§Õ³·¬

ñþèèÖĀė çõçĊãïđ 141 §Ã¹¿´fę©ÇÖ š™½Ä®·½Äµ”¿™šÛÄ«¹«Ñ«”¿g §f¿Ò­«×Ç 1. 15 ÷ 3 = ............................. 2. (20 ÷ (4 = ............................. 3. 20 ÷ (4 = ............................. 4. (50 ÷ (5 = ............................. 5. (50 ÷ 5 = ............................. 6. (200 ÷ (8 = ............................. 7. (200 ÷ (8 = ............................. 8. (1000 ÷ 10 = ............................. 9. (1000 ÷ (50 = ............................. 10. (450 ÷ (9 = ............................. 11. 850 ÷ (34 = ............................. 12. 864 ÷ (4 = ............................. 13. 1728 ÷ (48 = ............................. 14. (1484 ÷ (28 = ............................. 15. 4212 ÷ (78 = ............................. 16. 2128 ÷ (38 = ............................. 17. 6120÷ (120 = ............................. 18. 3542 ÷ (23 = ............................. 19.  11375 ÷ (25 = ............................. 20. 8584 ÷ 58 = ............................. “ĵ½Äµ¦g¹´šÄÛ «¹«Î§³Õ ºË«´ Μf« 50 šÂ³–Ç Äf ΩfÄѦ °šÆ ĵ¥Ä§Ä³”¿g §“·™”¿™“ “ĵ–¥Ë ¦Ã™«Ç× §¹Ã ½Äµ  ®·½Äµ = §Ã¹§×Ù ѽg 50 = @ šÂÒ¦g 0  @ = 5 (™ÖÈ 0  @ = 0 ¦™Ã «Ã׫ 50 šÈ™Ò³³f –Ç ÄÛ §¿¬ «Ã“–¥Æ§ºÄ¼§µš™È Ò³fќgºË«´D #đ!§Ã¹½Äµ §Ã¹¿´fę©ÖÇ  ΧƳ–Ûħ¿¬©Ç֨˓§g¿™·™Ñ«œ¿f ™¹Äf ™ 1. 0 ÷ 4 = ........................................................................... 2. 0 ÷ (3 = ........................................................................... 3. 0 ÷ 20 = ...........................................................................

ï142 ÒáãĂ öĀøãñìŝ çēą ÞĀç Ċåûï 4. 0 ÷ 50 = ........................................................................... 5. 0 ÷ (100 = ........................................................................... 6. 8 ÷ 0 = ........................................................................... 7. 8 ÷ 0 = ........................................................................... 8. 20 ÷ 0 = ........................................................................... 9. 100 ÷ 0 = ........................................................................... 10. 0 ÷ 0 = ........................................................................... ¼µ­Ê ѽg @ D#đ!šÄÛ «¹«Î§³Õ ©ÖÒÇ ³fΩfē¬Ã º«Ë ´ 0 ÷ @ = 0@ = 0 ѽg @ D#đ!šÄÛ «¹«Ñ¦ Ô @ ÷ 0 = @0 = Ò³f³Ç–Ûħ¿¬ E\"\"%Ă 39 g 1. š™½Ä–Ûħ¿¬”¿™šÛÄ«¹«§¿f Ò­«×Ç 1. (250 ÷ (25 = .................................................................................................. .................................................................................................. 2. 40 ÷ (5 = .................................................................................................. .................................................................................................. 3. (18 ÷ (6 = .................................................................................................. .................................................................................................. 4. 60 ÷ (3 = .................................................................................................. .................................................................................................. 5. (24 ÷ 8 = .................................................................................................. ..................................................................................................

ñþèèÖĀė çõçĊãïđ 143 6. (120 ÷ (6 = .................................................................................................. 7. 360 ÷ (9 .................................................................................................. 8. 450 ÷ (30 9. 1000 ÷ (100 = .................................................................................................. 10. 1200 ÷ (30 .................................................................................................. . š™½Ä–Äf ”¿™ 1. (3  (10 = .................................................................................................. .................................................................................................. 5 = .................................................................................................. .................................................................................................. = .................................................................................................. .................................................................................................. = ..................................................................................... ..................................................................................... 2. (2  (3  (20 = ..................................................................................... (5  6 ..................................................................................... 3. [8  (5<  10 = ..................................................................................... (2 ..................................................................................... 4. [(3 + (5<  (4 = ..................................................................................... (2 + (8 ..................................................................................... 5. [(5  6< + [(3  6< = ..................................................................................... (5  2 ..................................................................................... 6. 468 = ..................................................................................... 7. 567 1 = .....................................................................................

ï144 ÒáãĂ öĀøãñŝìąēçÞĀç Ċåûï 8. (6 11 11 = ..................................................................................... 9. 5 5(15 ..................................................................................... 10. 12 +2 8 11. 5 2 10 = ..................................................................................... 12. 0 9 9 ..................................................................................... 13. 5  (1 = .....................................................................................  (3 ..................................................................................... 14. (6  (6 = ..................................................................................... (6 + (6 ..................................................................................... 15. 12  (12 = ..................................................................................... 12 ..................................................................................... 16. [12 + (9 3<  2 17. [(4 + (10 6<  (5 = ..................................................................................... 18. [12 +5(5< ..................................................................................... = ..................................................................................... ..................................................................................... = ..................................................................................... ..................................................................................... = ..................................................................................... ..................................................................................... = ..................................................................................... ..................................................................................... = ..................................................................................... .....................................................................................

ñþèèÖĀė çõçĊãïđ 145 19. [9 + 27< = ..................................................................................... 27 ..................................................................................... 20. (40 é 5 é (10 é 5 = ..................................................................................... ..................................................................................... . š™°ÆšÄµ¥Ä­µÂд– @ Ő A  A Ő @ Ï·¹g §¿¬–ÛĨij§¿f Ò­«Ç× 3.1 “ÄÛ ½«¦ @, A Ï·¹g §µ¹š¼¿¬­µÂд– @ ÷ A = A ÷ @ 1. @ = 10, A = 2 2. @ = 10, A = 2 10 ÷ 2 = 2 ÷ 10 10 ÷ 2 = 2 ÷ (10 5 = 15  5 =  15 ­µÂд–«ÇÒ× ³Df #đ!–¹Ä³šµ™Æ ­µÂд–«×ÒÇ ³fD#đ!–¹Ä³šµ™Æ 3. @ = 20, A = 4 4. @ = 20, A = 4 ........................................ ........................................ ........................................ ........................................ ........................................ ........................................ 5. @ = 2, A = 2 6. @ = 5, A = 5 ........................................ ........................................ ........................................ ........................................ ........................................ ........................................ 7. @ = 0, A = 5 8. @ = 4, A = 0 ........................................ ........................................ ........................................ ........................................ ........................................ ........................................

ï146 ÒáĂãöĀøãñìŝ ēçą ÞĀç Ċåûï 9. @ = 10, A = 0 10. @ = 15, A = 15 ........................................ ........................................ ........................................ ........................................ ........................................ ........................................ 11. @ = 8, A = 2 12. @ = 5, A = 5 ........................................ ........................................ ........................................ ........................................ ........................................ ........................................ 13. @ = 20, A = 10 14. @ = 0, A = 9 ........................................ ........................................ ........................................ ........................................ ........................................ ........................................ 15. @ = 11, A = 11 ........................................ ........................................ ........................................ ........................................ ........................................ ........................................ . šÄ“­µÂд– @ Ő A Ő B  @ Ő A Ő B 4.1 š™½ÄšÄÛ «¹«Î§³Õ ³ÄÏ©« @, A, B ©ÖÇ©ÄÛ Ñ½­g µÂд–D#đ!šµ™Æ ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... 4.2 š™½ÄšÄÛ «¹«Î§Õ³³ÄÏ©« @, A, B ©Ö©Ç ÄÛ Ñ½g­µÂд–D#đ!šµ™Æ ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ...............................................................................................................................................

ñþèèÖĀė çõçĊãïđ 147 2)\"9 < 5:Q !/!D)K ¼³¬Ã§ÆΓ´ÖÇ ¹“ì“ĵ¬¹“Ϸ“ĵ–¥Ë ”¿™šÛÄ«¹«Î§Õ³ 1. ¼³¬Ã§“Æ ĵ¼·¬Ã ©ÇÖ 1.1 ¼³¬Ã§“Æ ĵ¼·Ã¬©Ç֓ĵ¬¹“ Μ«f 1. 4 + 5 = 5 + 4 9=9 2. (8 + (3 = (3 + (8 11 = 11 1.2 ¼³¬Ã§Æ“ĵ¼·¬Ã ©“ÖÇ Äµ–Ë¥ Μf« 1. 6  3 = 3  6 18 = 18 2. 10  2 = 2  (10 20 = 20 . ¼³¬Ã§“Æ ĵέ·´ÖÇ «½³fË 2.1 ¼³¬Ã§Æ“ĵέ·ÖÇ´«½³Ë“f ĵ¬¹“ Μ«f 1. 37 + (63 + 49 = (37 + 63 + 49 37 + 12 = 100 + 49 149 = 149 2. (82 + [(18 + (40< = [(82 + (18< + (40 (82 + (58 = (100 + (40 140 = 140 . ¼³¬Ã§“Æ ĵϚ“Ïš™ @ (A + B = (@  A + (@  B Μ«f 8  (4 + 3 = (8  4 + (8  3 8  7 = 32 + 24 56 = 56

ï148 ÒáãĂ öĀøãñŝìąēçÞĀç Ċåûï . ¼³¬§Ã ”Æ ¿™½«ÖșϷº˫´ 4.1 ¼³¬Ã§Æ”¿™½«Öș “ĵ–Ë¥½µÉ¿“ĵ½ÄµšÛÄ«¹«Ñ¦šÛÄ«¹«½«Öș¦g¹´Î·” 1 šÂÒ¦g®··Ã°ªΩfēì šÄÛ «¹«««×à Μf« (5  1 = 5 14 = 4 4.2 ¼³¬§Ã ”Æ ¿™º«Ë ´ 1. “ĵ¬¹“šÛÄ«¹«Ñ¦ Ô ¦¹g ´º«Ë ´ šÂÒ¦g®··°Ã ªÎ ©Äf “¬Ã šÛÄ«¹««Ã׫ Μf« 0 + (5 = 5 ( 8 + 0 = 8 2. “ĵ–¥Ë šÄÛ «¹«Ñ¦ Ô ¦g¹´º«Ë ´ šÂÒ¦g®··Ã°ªΩfē¬Ã ºË«´ 80 = 0 0  (10 = 0 E\"\"% Ă 39 h 1. š™½Ä®··°Ã ª = ............................................................................................... 1. (912 + (3 ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... 2. (8 + 0 = ............................................................................................... 3. 4 + (8 ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... 4. 7 + (7 = ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... = ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ...............................................................................................

ñþèèÖĀė çõçĊãïđ 149 5. 14 + (3 = ............................................................................................... 6. (12  (3 ............................................................................................... 7. (8  0 ............................................................................................... 8. 4  (8 9. 7  (7 = ............................................................................................... 10. 15  (3 ............................................................................................... 11. (12  (3 ............................................................................................... 12. (8  0 13. 4  (8 = ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... = ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... = ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... = ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... = ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... = ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... = ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ...............................................................................................

ï150 ÒáĂãöĀøãñìŝ çąē ÞĀç Ċåûï 14. 7  (7 = ............................................................................................... 15. 14  (3 ............................................................................................... 16. 12 ÷ (3 ............................................................................................... 17. 0 ÷ (8 18. (8 ÷ 4 = ............................................................................................... 19. 7 ÷ (7 ............................................................................................... 20. 15 ÷ (3 ............................................................................................... 21. 16 é (4 22. 15 ÷ (4 = ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... = ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... = ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... = ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... = ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... = ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... = ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ...............................................................................................

ñþèèÖĀė çõçĊãïđ 151 23. 20 é (20 = ............................................................................................... 24. 11 + (2 ............................................................................................... 25. 13  15 ............................................................................................... 26. 16  8 27. 11 14 = ............................................................................................... 28. 10  19 ............................................................................................... 29. 12 + (2 ............................................................................................... 30. 4  (4 = ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... = ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... = ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... = ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... = ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... = ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ...............................................................................................

ï152 ÒáãĂ öĀøãñìŝ ēçą ÞĀç Ċåûï . š™½ÄšÄÛ «¹«Î§Õ³©ÇÖÏ©«Ñ« L Ï·¹g ©ÄÛ Ñ½g­µÂд–D#đ«šµ™Æ 1. m + 5 = 10 m = 15 (15 + 5 = 10 2. m + 10 = 5 m = ............................. 3. m  5 = 10 m = ............................. 4. m  10 = 5 m = ............................. 5. m + (8 = 2 m = ............................. 6. m  (8 = 2 m = ............................. 7. 8 + m =2 m = ............................. 8. 8  m =2 m = ............................. 9. 5  m = 20 m = ............................. 10. 5  m = 20 m = ............................. 11. 5  m = 20 m = ............................. 12. 5  m = 20 m = ............................. 13. 4m =0 m = ............................. 14. 4m =0 m = ............................. 15. 0  m =0 m = ............................. 16. 1  m = 1 m = ............................. 17. 1  m =1 m = ............................. 18. 1  m = 0 m = ............................. 19. 1  m =0 m = ............................. 20. m  0 =0 m = ............................. 21. 4m =0 m = ............................. 22. m é 5 = 0 m = ............................. 4 m = ............................. 23. (4  m =

ñþèèÖĀė çõçĊãïđ 153 24. 2  3 = m m = ............................. m m = ............................. 25. (4  (5 = 9 m = ............................. 18 m = ............................. 26. 1  m = 0 m = ............................. 4 m = ............................. 27. m  9 = 0 m = ............................. 28. m  (11 = 29. m  (4 = 30. m  (3 = . š™Î§³Æ šÛÄ«¹«·™Ñ«œ¿f ™¹fę ΰ¿ÖÉ Ñ½­g µÂд–D#đ!šµÆ™ 1. 5 + (m + 3 = (5 + ........... + 3 2. m + (4 +  = (m + 4 + ........... 3. (5 + (m + n = (m  ........... + n 4. (3  8 = ...........  (3 5. 7  (m  (4 = (7 ...........  (4 6. m (5 + 3 = (...........  5 + (...........  3 7. 5 (m  4 = (...........  m  (...........  (4 8. (20  7 + (20  3 = ........... (7 + 3 9. (15  (3 + (15  (1 = 15  (........... + ........... 10. (3m + (3  5 = 3  (........... + ........... 11. 9 + (6 +........... = (.......... + 6 + ........... 12. (7  6 + (7 + 1 = 7  (............ 13. 50  12 = Z55 +............\\  12 14. 23  28 = (20 +........  (30 ....... 15. (m  2n = (......................  (2  .....

ï154 ÒáãĂ öĀøãñìŝ çēą ÞĀç Ċåûï 16. 8 + (5 + ........... = (...........+ 5 + 7 17. Z(3 +(5\\ + ( 1 = (3 + Z........... 1\\ 18. 45  386 = (45  300 +(45 ........... (45  4 19. (14  ........... = 28 20. (19  A  (10  A = (.............  A . ¬ÛĵʙҭÉ׿®™Ã“±¿“µÄ–Ĩʙ·Â  ¬Ä© šÛÄ«¹«  ¨Ê™ ¨gÄΔħg¿™“ĵ–ƦµÄ–Ä¿´fęεչ Δ̖Ʀ¿´fęҵ Ï·ÂÒ¦g–Ûħ¿¬Î©fÄÒµ ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... . š™°šÆ ĵ¥Äϧ·f ”g¿§f¿Ò­«×Ç Ñœ¼g ³¬Ã§“Æ ĵ¬¹“Ϸ¼³¬Ã§Æ“ĵ–¥Ë ”¿™šÛÄ«¹«Î§Õ³Ñ«”¿g Ѧ 1. 6 + 5 = 5+6 ¼³¬Ã§Æ “ĵ¼·¬Ã ©“ÖÇ Äµ¬¹“ 2. 4  (5 = (5  4 ¼³¬Ã§Æ ................................................. 3. (@ + A + B = (@ + A + B ¼³¬§Ã Æ ................................................. 4. (5  4  6 = 5  (4  6 ¼³¬Ã§Æ ................................................. 5. (m  n  O = O  (m  n ¼³¬§Ã Æ ................................................. 6. (10 + 12 + 18 = 10 + (12 + 18 ¼³¬Ã§Æ ................................................. 7. (8 + 10  5 = (8  5 + (10  5 ¼³¬§Ã Æ ................................................. 8. (5 + 3  4 = 4  (5 + 3 ¼³¬§Ã Æ ................................................. 9. 8  (10  4 = (8  10  (8  4 ¼³¬§Ã Æ ................................................. 10. 2 (@ + A = 2@ + 2A ¼³¬§Ã Æ .................................................

ñþèèÖĀė çõçĊãïđ 155 E\"\"25\" µÂ¬¬šÛÄ«¹«Î§Õ³ š™Î·¿É “–ÄÛ §¿¬©Ç¨Ö ˓§g¿™©Çּʦ 1. šÛÄ«¹«Î§Õ³³Ç 3 œ«¦Æ “. šÛÄ«¹«Î§Õ³, ©º«Æ´³, κ»¼f¹« ”. šÄÛ «¹«Î§³Õ , ºË«´, šÄÛ «¹«·¬ –. šÄÛ «¹«Î§³Õ ¬¹“, šÄÛ «¹«Î§Õ³ºË«´, šÄÛ «¹«Î§Õ³·¬ ™. šÛÄ«¹«Î§Õ³Îº»Ï©g, κ»Î“Æ«, κ»¼¹f «šÛÄ«¹«–·Â 2. šÄÛ «¹«Î§³Õ ¬¹“³–Ç fÄ«g¿´©¼ÖÇ Ê¦–É¿šÛÄ«¹«Ñ¦ “. 1 ”. 0 –. 5 ™. 100 3. šÄÛ «¹«Î§³Õ ·¬ ³–Ç Äf ³Ä“©Ç¼Ö ¦Ê –¿É šÄÛ «¹«Ñ¦ “. 100 ”. 1 –. 0 ™. 1 4. ”g¿Ñ¦§¿f Ò­«Çר“Ë §¿g ™ “. šÄÛ «¹«Î§Õ³ ½Ä–Äf ³Ä“©Ç¼Ö ʦҦg ”. šÛÄ«¹«Î§Õ³¬¹“ ³–Ç fijē©Ç¼Ö ¦Ê –É¿ 1,000,000 –. šÄÛ «¹«Î§³Õ ·¬ «¿g ´“¹fĺ˫´Î ¼³¿ ™. šÄÛ «¹«Î§Õ³·¬ ³–Ç Äf ³Ä““¹Äf 1 5. ”¿g Ѧ§¿f Ò­«DÇ× #đ!“ĵ«Ã¬Î°ÖƳ©·Ç  5 “. 25, 20, 15, 10 ”. 25, 20, 15, 10 –. 5, 10, 15, 20 ™. 5, 5, 10, 10

ï156 ÒáãĂ öĀøãñìŝ ąēçÞĀç Ċåûï 6. ”¿g Ѧ§f¿Ò­«DÇ× #đ!“ĵ«¬Ã ·¦©·Ç  2 “. 2, 4, 6, 8 ”. 8, 6, 4, 2 –. 10, 12, 14, 16 ™. 10, 8, 4, 2 7. ”¿g Ѧ§¿f Ò­«Ç× Ñ¼Îf –µÉ¿Ö ™½³Ä´Ò¦g¨Ë“§¿g ™ “. 5  10 ”. 0  50 –. 8  15 ™. 5  0 8. ”g¿Ñ¦§f¿Ò­«Ç× Ñ¼Îf –µ¿ÉÖ ™½³Ä´Ò¦g¨“Ë §g¿™ “. 100  0 ”. 5  20 –. 10 = 10 ™. 1  500 9. –fļ³Ã ¬µË ¥”¿™ 5 ³Ç–fÄΩÄf Òµ “. 5 ”. 5 –. 10 ™. 10 10. –fĔ¿™  10 + 4 ³–Ç Äf ΩfÄÒµ “. 14 ”. 14 –. 6 ™. 6 11. šÄÛ «¹«§µ™”gij”¿™ 12 –¿É šÛÄ«¹«Ñ«”¿g Ѧ§f¿Ò­«Ç× “. 12 ”. 24 –. 12 ™. 24 12. šÛÄ«¹«§µ™”gij”¿™ @ –É¿šÛÄ«¹«Ñ«”g¿Ñ¦§¿f Ò­«Ç× “. @ ”. @ –. A ™. A 13. 10  15 Ò¦®g ··°Ã ªÎ ©Äf “씿g Ѧ§¿f Ò­«×Ç “. 25 ”. 5 –. 5 ™. 25 14.  8  12 Ò¦®g ··°Ã ªÎ ©fē¬Ã ”¿g Ѧ§f¿Ò­«Ç× “. 4 ”. 20 –. 4 ™. 20

ñþèèÖĀė çõçĊãïđ 157 15. 10 + 20  40 Ò¦g®··°Ã ªÎ ©fē¬Ã ”¿g Ѧ§f¿Ò­«×Ç “. 50 ”. 30 –. 10 ™. 10 16. 8 + 15  3 + 10 Ò¦g®··°Ã ªΩfē¬Ã ”¿g Ѧ§f¿Ò­«Ç× “. 10 ”. 10 –. 14 ™. 14 17. 10  (8 Ò¦g®··Ã°ªΩÄf “¬Ã ”g¿Ñ¦§f¿Ò­«×Ç “. 18 ”. 18 –. 2 ™. 8 18. 15  (3 Ò¦g®··Ã°ªÎ ©Äf “씿g Ѧ§f¿Ò­«×Ç “. 18 ”. 18 –. 12 ™. 12 19. 10  (5 + [(4  (2< Ò¦®g ··°Ã ªΩfēì”g¿Ñ¦§f¿Ò­«Ç× “. 21 ”. 17 –. 7 ™. 3 20. ”g¿Ñ¦§f¿Ò­«×Ǩ˓§g¿™ “. 95 + (30 = 2 ”. (5  (3 = 8 –. 5 + (3 = 8 ™.  5  3 = 2 “ÛĽ«¦ @   A  - Ï·Â B  - š™§¿¬–ÄÛ ¨Ä³ §×™Ã ϧ”f g¿ 1 -  21. @  A  B Ò¦g®··°Ã ªΩÄf “¬Ã ”¿g Ѧ§f¿Ò­«Ç× “. 10 ”. 6 –. 6 ™. 10

ï158 ÒáãĂ öĀøãñŝìçąē ÞĀç Ċåûï 22.  A + B  @ Ò¦®g ··°Ã ªΩÄf “¬Ã ”g¿Ñ¦§f¿Ò­«Ç× “. 10 ”. 4 –. 4 ™. 10 23.  @  (A + B Ò¦®g ··Ã°ªΩfē¬Ã ”g¿Ñ¦§¿f Ò­«Ç× “. 10 ”. 6 –. 6 ™. 10 24.  (@  A  B Ò¦®g ··°Ã ªÎ ©Äf “¬Ã ”g¿Ñ¦§f¿Ò­«×Ç “. 10 ”. 4 –. 4 ™. 10 25. (2  (10 Ò¦®g ··Ã°ªΩÄf “¬Ã ”g¿Ñ¦§f¿Ò­«×Ç “. 20 ”. 20 –. 12 ™. 12 26. [(93  (5<  (2 Ò¦g®··Ã°ªÎ ©fē씿g Ѧ§f¿Ò­«×Ç “. 30 ”. 30 –. 60 ™. 60 27. (20 é 5 Ò¦g®··Ã°ªΩfē¬Ã ”g¿Ñ¦§¿f Ò­«Ç× “. 100 ”. 4 –. 100 ™. 25 28. (10  (15  (7é(35 Ò¦g®··Ã°ªΩfē¬Ã ”g¿Ñ¦§f¿Ò­«×Ç “. 42 ”. 42 –. 30 ™. 30 29. [2  (6 + 13< + [(15 é (3< Ò¦®g ··Ã°ªΩfēì”g¿Ñ¦§¿f Ò­«Ç× “. 31 ”. 11 –. 19 ™. 19 30. (5  (4  0 é (2 Ò¦®g ··°Ã ªÎ ©fē씿g Ѧ§f¿Ò­«Ç× “. 10 ”. 2 –. 0 ™. 10

ñþèèÖĀė çõçĊãïđ 159 “ÄÛ ½«¦ @   A  - B  -1 C   š™½Ä–ÄÛ §¿¬ §×™Ã ϧf”g¿ 1 -  31. @A  BC Ò¦®g ··Ã°ªÎ ©fē¬Ã ”¿g Ѧ§¿f Ò­«×Ç “. 5 ”. 6 –. 7 ™. 10 32. @A + AB + BC + @C Ò¦®g ··°Ã ªÎ ©fē¬Ã ”¿g Ѧ§¿f Ò­«×Ç “. 8 ”. 6 –. 2 ™. 4 33. @AB  ACB  @@AA Ò¦g®··°Ã ªÎ ©fēì”g¿Ñ¦§¿f Ò­«×Ç “. 46 ”. 30 –. 42 ™. 46 34. @[AB  @AB< é @AB Ò¦g®··°Ã ªΩÄf “ì”g¿Ñ¦§¿f Ò­«Ç× “. 18 ”. 6 –. 6 ™. 2 35. @A[@B  A (B  C< Ò¦g®··°Ã ªΩÄf “씿g Ѧ§f¿Ò­«Ç× “. 36 ”. 30 –. 6 ™. 6 36. ”¿g Ѧќ¼g ³¬Ã§Æ“ĵ¼·Ã¬©Ç“Ö ĵ¬¹“ “. (6 + 5 + 4 = 6 + (5 + 4 ”. 4  (3  2 = 4  (2  3 –. (7 + 4  3 = (4 + 7  3 ™. (3  2 + 5 = (2  3 + 5 37. 3  (5 + 3 = (3  5 + (3  3 ќg¼³¬§Ã Ɣg¿Ñ¦§f¿Ò­«Ç× “. “ĵ¬¹“ ”. “ĵϚ“Ïš™ –. ¼·¬Ã ©ÖǓĵ¬¹“ ™. έ·Ç´Ö «½³Ë“f ĵ–¥Ë

ï160 ÒáãĂ öĀøãñŝìçąē ÞĀç Ċåûï 38. ¨Äg @, A, B Ï©«šÛÄ«¹«Î§Õ³Ñ¦ Ô ”¿g Ѧϼ¦™¼³¬§Ã “Æ ĵέ·ÇÖ´«½³Ë“f ĵ¬¹“ “. @ + A = A + @ ”. (@ + A B = B (@ + A –. @ (A + B = @A + @B ™. @ + (A + B = (@ + A + B šÄ“¼³¬Ã§Æ“ĵϚ“Ïš™ “ĵέ·´ÇÖ «½³Ëf š™½ÄšÛÄ«¹«Ñ¦ ©©ÇÖ ÄÛ Ñ½­g µÂд–D#đ!šµÆ™ 39. 5  20 = (5 > + (5  5 “. 5 ”. 10 –. 15 ™. 20 40. >  (A + B = (3  A + (3  B “. @ ”. 3 –. 4 ™. 5

èååĒă 3 D- * Q:-9 ýúüąė ĕĄ ×úąôþôąõÕĀÚďøÕõÔÔąĜ øĄÚ  éşąBĐêìÛąĜ ìúìĒçĕĐøăOĐêìÛąĜ ìúìďèôĖ íúÔĴBõÔÔĜąøÚĄ OĵþöĀĊ  ĴBÔĜąøÚĄ OĵďÕõĈ ìĐêìçúş õBOôĈ×úąôþôąõçÚĄ ìĘĈ   B OBBBB   OèĄú   ďöõĈ ÔBOúŞąďøÕõÔÔĜąøĄÚêĈôė Ĉ BďîìŦ ãąìĐøăOďîŦìďøÕÝĘÔĈ ĜąøĄÚ –¹Ä³½³Ä´Ï·Â¼ŸÃ ·Ã“»¥”¿™Î·”´““ÄÛ ·Ã™ 34 ¿fÄ«¹fÄ ¼Ä³´““ÛÄ·™Ã ¼ÖÇ 34 Ï©« 3  3  3  3 34 ³Ç 3 D#đ!¢Ä« Ï·Â 4 D#đ!η”œ“Ç× ÄÛ ·™Ã ”g¿§“·™ (24 ½³Ä´¨™È (2  (2  (2  (2 24 ½³Ä´¨™È ³Ç¢Ä«D#đ! 2 η”œ“×Ç ÛķÙD#đ! 4 ³–Ç fÄ 16 (32 ½³Ä´¨È™ (2  2  2 2 32 ½³Ä´¨™È ³Ç¢Ä«D#đ! 2 η”œ“Ç× ÛÄ·™Ã D#đ! 4 ³Ç–fÄ 16 ....................................................................... ³Ç¢Ä«D#đ! ....... η”œÇדÄÛ ·™Ã D#đ! ........ ³Ç–fÄ ....... ....................................................................... ³¢Ç Ä«D#đ! ....... η”œÇדÛķÙD#đ! ........ ³–Ç fÄ .......

ï162 ÒáãĂ öĀøãñìŝ ēąçÞĀç Ċåûï §¹Ã ¿´Äf ™©ÇÖ  š™Î§³Æ –ÄÛ §¿¬·™Ñ«œ¿f ™¹fęѽ¨g ˓§g¿™ 1. 35 ³Ç¢Ä«D#đ! ......................... η”œ“×ÖÇ ÛķÙD#đ! ........................ ³–Ç Äf ..................... 2. 24 ³¢Ç Ä«D#đ! ......................... η”œ“×ÖÇ ÛÄ·™Ã D#đ! ........................ ³Ç–Äf ..................... 3. 22 ³¢Ç Ä«D#đ! ......................... η”œ×Ö“Ç ÛÄ·™Ã D#đ! ........................ ³–Ç fÄ ..................... 4. 23 ³Ç¢Ä«D#đ! ......................... η”œÇÖדÄÛ ·™Ã D#đ! ........................ ³Ç–Äf ..................... 5. (24 ³¢Ç Ä«D#đ! ......................... η”œÇÖדÛÄ·™Ã D#đ! ........................ ³–Ç fÄ ..................... 6. (42 ³¢Ç Ä«D#đ! ......................... η”œ“×ÖÇ ÄÛ ·Ã™D#đ! ........................ ³Ç–Äf ..................... 7. (34 ³¢Ç Ä«D#đ! ......................... η”œÖ×ǓÛķÙD#đ! ........................ ³–Ç fÄ ..................... 8. 34 ³¢Ç Ä«D#đ! ......................... η”œ“×ÖÇ ÄÛ ·™Ã D#đ! ........................ ³Ç–fÄ ..................... 9. 55 ³¢Ç Ä«D#đ! ......................... η”œ“×ÖÇ ÛķÙD#đ! ........................ ³Ç–Äf ..................... 10. 56 ³Ç¢Ä«D#đ! ......................... η”œÇÖדÛķÙD#đ! ........................ ³Ç–fÄ ..................... 11. (0.34 ³¢Ç Ä«D#đ! ......................... η”œÇ×“Ö ÛķÙD#đ! ........................ ³–Ç Äf ..................... 12. (1.22 ³Ç¢Ä«D#đ! ......................... η”œÇÖדÛķÙD#đ! ........................ ³–Ç fÄ ..................... 13. 0.53 ³¢Ç Ä«D#đ! ......................... η”œÇ×“Ö ÛÄ·™Ã D#đ! ........................ ³–Ç fÄ ..................... 14. (0.052 ³¢Ç Ä«D#đ! ......................... η”œ“×ÖÇ ÄÛ ·Ã™D#đ! ........................ ³Ç–Äf ..................... 15. 21 3 ³Ç¢Ä«D#đ! ......................... η”œÇÖדÛķÙD#đ! ........................ ³–Ç fÄ ..................... 16. 23 4 ³¢Ç Ä«D#đ! ......................... η”œÖÇדÄÛ ·Ã™D#đ! ........................ ³Ç–Äf ..................... 17. 25 3 ³¢Ç Ä«D#đ! ......................... η”œ×“ÇÖ ÄÛ ·™Ã D#đ! ........................ ³Ç–fÄ ..................... 18.  25 3 ³Ç¢Ä«D#đ! ......................... η”œ“ÖÇ× ÄÛ ·Ã™D#đ! ........................ ³–Ç fÄ ..................... 19. 54 2 ³Ç¢Ä«D#đ! ......................... η”œÇ“×Ö ÄÛ ·Ã™D#đ! ........................ ³Ç–fÄ ..................... 20. 53 3 ³Ç¢Ä«D#đ! ......................... η”œ“×ÖÇ ÛÄ·™Ã D#đ! ........................ ³–Ç Äf .....................

ĊóÐðÏÏĀė óÕÿ 163 š™Î”´Ç «šÄÛ «¹«©ÖÏÇ ©«Î·”´““ÄÛ ·™Ã §f¿Ò­«Ç× 53 =................... 82 =...................... 22 =..................... 32 = ...................... 54 =................... 83 = .................... 23 =..................... 33 = ...................... 55 =................... 84 =...................... 24 =..................... 34 = ...................... 62 =................... 92 =...................... 25 =..................... 35 = ...................... 63 =................... 93 =...................... 26 =..................... 42 = ...................... 64 =................... 94 =...................... 27 =..................... 43 = ...................... 72 =................... 102 =.................... 28 =..................... 44 = ...................... 73 =................... 103 =.................... 29 =..................... 45 = ...................... 74 =................... 104 =.................... 210 =.................... 52 = ...................... E\"\"% Ă 39 L= a 1. š™Î”´Ç «šÄÛ «¹«§f¿Ò­«×¿Ç ´fÑË «µ­Ë η”´““ÛķÙ©ÇÖ³Çη”œÇדÄÛ ·Ã™³Ä““¹Äf 1 1.1 256 = ......................................................................................................... 1.2 128 = ......................................................................................................... 1.3 343 = ......................................................................................................... 1.4 216 = ......................................................................................................... 1.5 1000 = ......................................................................................................... 1.6 6.25 = ......................................................................................................... 1.7 0.0625 = ......................................................................................................... 1.8 100 = ......................................................................................................... 1.9 49 = ......................................................................................................... 1.10 16 = ......................................................................................................... 1.11 125 = ......................................................................................................... 1.12 27 = ......................................................................................................... 1.13 25 = .........................................................................................................

ï164 ÒáĂãöĀøãñìŝ ąēçÞĀç Ċåûï 1.14 64 = ......................................................................................................... 1.15 1,000,000 = ......................................................................................................... 1.16 0.64 = ......................................................................................................... 1.17 0.25 = ......................................................................................................... 1.18 400 = ......................................................................................................... 1.19 0.000064 = ......................................................................................................... 1.20 0.81 = ......................................................................................................... 1.21 52 = ......................................................................................................... 1.22 625 = ......................................................................................................... 1.23 0.36 = ......................................................................................................... 1.24 1.21 = ......................................................................................................... 1.25 0.49 = ......................................................................................................... 1.26 169 = ......................................................................................................... 1.27 0.008 = ......................................................................................................... 1.28 2,500 = ......................................................................................................... 1.29 0.00243 = ......................................................................................................... 1.30 729 = ......................................................................................................... . š™Î”Ç´«šÄÛ «¹«§¿f Ò­«Ç× Ñ«µ­Ë η”´““ÄÛ ·Ã™©ÇֳǢīD#đ!šÄÛ «¹«Î›°Ä 1. 27 = ...................................................................................................... 2. 16 = ...................................................................................................... 3. 125 = ...................................................................................................... 4. 625 = ...................................................................................................... 5. 343 = ...................................................................................................... 6. 49 = ...................................................................................................... 7. 4 = ......................................................................................................

ĊóÐðÏÏĀė óÕÿ 165 8. 64 = ...................................................................................................... 9. 81 = ...................................................................................................... 10. 25 = ...................................................................................................... 11. 8 = ...................................................................................................... 12. 256 = ...................................................................................................... 13. 729 = ...................................................................................................... 14. 512 = ...................................................................................................... 15. 243 = ...................................................................................................... 16. 289 = ...................................................................................................... 17. 121 = ...................................................................................................... 18. 169 = ...................................................................................................... 19. 2,197 = ...................................................................................................... 20. 4,913 = ...................................................................................................... 21. 32 = ...................................................................................................... 22. 343 = ...................................................................................................... 23. 1,331 = ...................................................................................................... 24. 81 = ...................................................................................................... 25. 2,197 = ...................................................................................................... 26. 625 = ...................................................................................................... 27. 361 = ...................................................................................................... 28. 512 = ...................................................................................................... 29. 1,024 = ...................................................................................................... 30. 729 = ......................................................................................................

ï166 ÒáĂãöĀøãñŝìēçą ÞĀç Ċåûï . “ÛĽ«¦ @  A  - B   š™½Ä–Äf ”¿™šÄÛ «¹«§¿f Ò­«Ç× 1. @3 = @ @ @ = 222 =8 2. (@A3 = ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. 3. @3A3 = ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. 4. @A2 = ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. 5. @2A = ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. 6. @2 + A2 = ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................

ĊóÐðÏÏĀė óÕÿ 167 7. @3 + A3 = ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. 8. @2  A2 = ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. 9. @3  A3 = ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. 10. @3 + A3 + B3 = ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... 11. A2  B2 = ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... 12. (@  A2 = ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... 13. (@ + A2 = ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................

ï168 ÒáãĂ öĀøãñìŝ ēçą ÞĀç Ċåûï 14. (A  B3 + (@  B3 = ................................................................................ ................................................................................ ................................................................................ ................................................................................ 15. (A + B3  (A3 + B3 = ................................................................................ ................................................................................ ................................................................................ ................................................................................ 16. @A (@ + A  AB (A + B = ................................................................................ ................................................................................ ................................................................................ ................................................................................ 17. @3 + B3 = ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... 18. (A + B3 = ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... 19. (@AB2 + B3 = ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... 20. (@ + B  A = ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................

ĊóÐðÏÏĀė óÕÿ 169 21. @A + AB = .................................................................................................... 22. (B C@ .................................................................................................... 23. (@ + B@ .................................................................................................... 24. (B  A@ .................................................................................................... 25. A@ + B@ .................................................................................................... = .................................................................................................... .................................................................................................... .................................................................................................... .................................................................................................... .................................................................................................... = .................................................................................................... .................................................................................................... .................................................................................................... .................................................................................................... .................................................................................................... = .................................................................................................... .................................................................................................... .................................................................................................... .................................................................................................... .................................................................................................... = .................................................................................................... .................................................................................................... .................................................................................................... .................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................

ï170 ÒáãĂ öĀøãñŝìąçē ÞĀç Ċåûï 26. AB  B@ = .................................................................................................... .................................................................................................... .................................................................................................... .................................................................................................... .................................................................................................... 27. (@A@  A2 = .................................................................................................... .................................................................................................... .................................................................................................... .................................................................................................... .................................................................................................... 28. (@A3 + (AB3 = .................................................................................................... .................................................................................................... .................................................................................................... .................................................................................................... .................................................................................................... 29. (@AB2 = .................................................................................................... .................................................................................................... .................................................................................................... .................................................................................................... .................................................................................................... 30. (@ + A3  B2 = .................................................................................................... .................................................................................................... .................................................................................................... .................................................................................................... .................................................................................................... .................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................

ĊóÐðÏÏĀė óÕÿ 171 . š™½Ä–fÄ x šÄ“šÄÛ «¹«©Ç“Ö ÄÛ ½«¦Ñ½g§f¿Ò­«Ç× 1. 2 = 32 ........................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................ 2. 2 = 256 ........................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................ 3. 3 = 243 ........................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................ 4. 3 = 27 ........................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................ 5. 5 = 125 ........................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................ 6. 5 = 3125 ........................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................ 7. 72 = 49 ........................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................ 8. 7+2 = 2401 .................................................................................................... .................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................

ï172 ÒáĂãöĀøãñŝìēçą ÞĀç Ċåûï 9. 1023 = 1,000,000 .................................................................................................... .................................................................................................... .................................................................................................... 10. 95+1 = 6,561 .................................................................................................... .................................................................................................... .................................................................................................... . ¨gÄ x Ï·Â y Ï©«šÄÛ «¹«Î§Õ³¬¹“ Ï·¹g š™½Ä x y šÄ“šÛÄ«¹«©“ÖÇ ÄÛ ½«¦ 1. 12 x = 116 Ï·Â 2X = 32 ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. 2. 23 x = 287 Ï·Â 5X = 125 ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. 3. 2 = 32 Ï·Â (0.5X = 0.0625 ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................................

ĊóÐðÏÏĀė óÕÿ 173 4. (32 + 42 = 2 Ï·Â (62 + 82 = X2 ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. :+:Q D!!< :+ 5D- * :Q -9 1. “ĵ–¥Ë η”´““ÄÛ ·Ã™ Î³É¿Ö Î·”œ“Ç× ÄÛ ·Ã™D#đ!šÛÄ«¹«Î§³Õ ¬¹“ ¼³¬Ã§“Æ ĵ–˥η”´““ÛķÙ Î³Ö¿É @ Ï©«šÛÄ«¹«Ñ¦ Ô m Ï·Â n D#đ!šÄÛ «¹«Î§³Õ ¬¹“ @m  @n = @m+n §Ã¹¿´Äf ™©ÖÇ  “ĵ–˥η”´““ÛÄ·™Ã ©Ç³Ö Ǣī§Äf ™“«Ã /< =Q: 1. 23  32 = (2  2  2  (3  3 = 89 = 72 2. (23  (32 = (2 (2 (2  (3 (3 = 8  9 = 72 3. 24  32 = .................................................................................. .................................................................................. .................................................................................. .................................................................................. ..................................................................................

ï174 ÒáãĂ öĀøãñìŝ ąēçÞĀç Ċåûï 4. (22  (34 = .................................................................................. .................................................................................. .................................................................................. .................................................................................. .................................................................................. §¹Ã ¿´Äf ™©ÖÇ “ĵ–¥Ë η”´““ÄÛ ·Ã™©³ÇÖ ¢Ç īΩfē«Ã /< =Q: 1. 23  25 = 23+5 = 28 2. 34  37 = 34+7 = 311 3. 52  54 = 52+4 = 56 4. 16  25 = 24  25 24+5 = 29 = ...................................................................................................... 5. 27  34 = ...................................................................................................... = ...................................................................................................... = ...................................................................................................... 6. (22  25 = ...................................................................................................... = ...................................................................................................... = ...................................................................................................... = ...................................................................................................... 7. (34  37 = ...................................................................................................... = ...................................................................................................... = ...................................................................................................... =

ĊóÐðÏÏĀė óÕÿ 175 8. (16  (25  24 = ........................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... 9. (0.24  (0.28 = ................................................................................................. = ................................................................................................. (  ( 10. 34 5  34 7 = ................................................................................................. = ................................................................................................. = ................................................................................................. = ................................................................................................. = ................................................................................................. ( 11. 12 5  (0.53 = ................................................................................................. = ................................................................................................. = ................................................................................................. 12. 23  24  25 = ................................................................................................. = ................................................................................................. = ................................................................................................. = ................................................................................................. = ................................................................................................. 13. 125  52  54 = ................................................................................................. = ................................................................................................. = ................................................................................................. 14. 243  34 = ................................................................................................. = ................................................................................................. = .................................................................................................

ï176 ÒáĂãöĀøãñŝìçēą ÞĀç Ċåûï 15. 343  72  75 = ................................................................................................. = ................................................................................................. = ................................................................................................. = ................................................................................................. 16. 23m  22m = ................................................................................................. = ................................................................................................. = ................................................................................................. = ................................................................................................. 17. 54n  53n = ................................................................................................. = ................................................................................................. = ................................................................................................. = ................................................................................................. 18. m4n  m3n = ................................................................................................. = ................................................................................................. = ................................................................................................. = ................................................................................................. 19. (5x4 (8x3 = = ................................................................................................. = ................................................................................................. = ................................................................................................. 20. (3@2A3 (5@5A7 = .................................................................................................. = ................................................................................................. = ................................................................................................. = .................................................................................................

ĊóÐðÏÏĀė óÕÿ 177 §¹Ã ¿´Äf ™©ÖÇ  š™Î”´Ç «®·–¥Ë ”¿™šÄÛ «¹«Ï§·f ”¿g §f¿Ò­«ÑÇ× «µË­Î·”´““ÛÄ·™Ã 1. (27  25  (23 = (27 (23  25 = 27+3  25 = 210+5 = 215 2. (33  35  (32 = .......................................................................................... = .......................................................................................... = .......................................................................................... = .......................................................................................... 3. 27  35  (32 = .......................................................................................... = .......................................................................................... = .......................................................................................... = .......................................................................................... 4. (125  (52  (625 = ...................................................................................... = ...................................................................................... = ...................................................................................... = ...................................................................................... 5. x3 x5(x7 = ....................................................................................... = ....................................................................................... = ....................................................................................... = ....................................................................................... 6. m2  (n4  m3  (n3 = ........................................................................................... = ...................................................................................... = ...................................................................................... = ...................................................................................... 7. X4(X(X2(X = ...................................................................................... = ...................................................................................... = ......................................................................................

ï178 ÒáĂãöĀøãñìŝ ēçą ÞĀç Ċåûï . “ĵ½ÄµÎ·”´““ÄÛ ·Ã™ γ¿ÉÖ Î·”œ×“Ç ÄÛ ·Ã™D#đ!šÛÄ«¹«Î§³Õ ¬¹“ “ĵ½ÄµÎ·”´““ÛķÙ ©ÖdzǢīD#đ!šÛÄ«¹«Î¦Ç´¹“ë Ϸ¢īҳfΩfēìºË«´ Ϸ³Çη”œÇדÛķÙ D#đ!šÄÛ «¹«Î§Õ³¬¹“ Ñ«µ­Ë ”¿™ @m é @n Ϭf™D#đ! 3 “µ¥Ç –É¿ “µ¥Ç©ÇÖ 1 m  n šÂÒ¦g¹fÄ @m é @n = @mn Μf« 3352 = 3  3 3333  3 = 3  3  3 = 33 ½µ¿É 3352 = 352 = 33 “µ¥Ç©ÇÖ  m = n šÂÒ¦¹g Äf @m é @n = @mn = @0 2233 = 22  22  22 = 1 šÂÒ¦g @0 = 1 «ÃÖ«–É¿ η”´““ÄÛ ·™Ã ©³ÖÇ ÎÇ ·”œ“Ç× ÛķÙD#đ! 0 šÂ³–Ç fÄΩfē¬Ã 1 μ³¿ “µ¥©Ç ÇÖ  m  n šÂÒ¦g¹Äf @m é @n = @mn È֙ m  n  0 2253 = 2  22  22  22  2 = 2 1 2 = 122 ½µÉ¿ 2253 = 235 = 22 = 212 ?šÂÒ¦g 22 = 122 §¹Ã ¿´fę©ÖÇ š™½Ä®··°Ã ª” ¿™šÛÄ«¹«§¿f Ò­«Ç×Ñ«µË­Î·”´““ÛķÙ 1. 57 é 54 = 574 = 53 2. 38 é 35 = 385 = 33

ĊóÐðÏÏĀė óÕÿ 179 3. 25 é 27 = 2275 = 2  22  22  22  22  22  2 4. 25 é 27 = 2 1 2 5. 34 é 37 = 122 6. 75 é 78 7. 25 é 25 = 257 8. 25 é 25 = 22 = 212 = 347 = 33 = 313 = 758 = 73 = 713 = 2255 = 22  22  22  22  22 =1 = 255 = 20 =1

ï180 ÒáĂãöĀøãñŝìçēą ÞĀç Ċåûï E\"\"%Ă 39 L= b 1. š™½Ä®··Ã°ª” ¿™šÄÛ «¹«§f¿Ò­«ÑÇ× «µ­Ë η”´““ÄÛ ·Ã™ 1. 24  25 = .................................................................................................. = .................................................................................................. = .................................................................................................. 2. 35  34 = .................................................................................................. = .................................................................................................. = .................................................................................................. 3. 37  34 = .................................................................................................. = .................................................................................................. = .................................................................................................. 4. 75  7 = .................................................................................................. = .................................................................................................. ( 5. (0.82  45 5 = .................................................................................................. = .................................................................................................. = .................................................................................................. ( 6. (0.5  21 3 = .................................................................................................. = .................................................................................................. = .................................................................................................. = .................................................................................................. 7. (4.50  34 = .................................................................................................. = .................................................................................................. = .................................................................................................. 8. (52  53 é 5 = .................................................................................................. = .................................................................................................. = ..................................................................................................

ĊóÐðÏÏĀė óÕÿ 181 9. (27  25 é 26 = .................................................................................................. 10. 34  32  37 = .................................................................................................. 11. 35  37 = .................................................................................................. 12. 24  2 = .................................................................................................. 13. 54  53 = .................................................................................................. 14. 73  77 = .................................................................................................. 15. m2  m3 = .................................................................................................. 16. m5  m3 é m4 = .................................................................................................. 17. mm24  mm3 = .................................................................................................. = .................................................................................................. = .................................................................................................. = .................................................................................................. = .................................................................................................. = .................................................................................................. = .................................................................................................. = .................................................................................................. = .................................................................................................. = .................................................................................................. = .................................................................................................. = .................................................................................................. = .................................................................................................. = .................................................................................Î.³..Ö¿É....m.....z....0. = .................................................................................................. = .................................................................................................. = .................................................................................Î.³..ÉÖ¿....m.....z....0. = .................................................................................................. = ..................................................................................................

ï182 ÒáãĂ öĀøãñŝìąēçÞĀç Ċåûï 18. (@2  @ (@5 é @2 = .................................................................................Î.³...¿ÖÉ [email protected].....0. = .................................................................................................. = .................................................................................................. 19. (4@2A (5@A4 = .................................................................................................. = .................................................................................................. 20. (m3nm 5(nm2 4n3 = .................................................................................................. = ............................................................................Î.³..¿ÉÖ....m...,..n....z.....0. = .................................................................................................. = .................................................................................................. . š™½Ä®··°Ã ªÑ«µ­Ë η”´““ÛÄ·™Ã ©³ÇÖ ÎÇ ·”œ“Ç× ÄÛ ·™Ã D#đ!šÛÄ«¹«Î§Õ³¬¹“ 1. 34 = 314 .................................................................................................. 2. 52 = .................................................................................................. 3. 213 = 23 .................................................................................................. 4. 134 = .................................................................................................. 5. 154 = .................................................................................................. 6. 35 é 38 .................................................................................................. = = .................................................................................................. 7. 24  23 é 210 = .................................................................................................. 8. 32 3634 = 33.42....3.4...3..6.........................................š.Î.ÛÄ·.«..”¹.œ.«.“Ç×.*.Î.Ûħ©.·.Õ³ÄÛ.™Ã.¬.Ñ.½¹..“.gD.#“..đ!.¿f ..«..*.................. 9. 52 5853 = .................................................................................................. .................................................................................................. = = = = .................................................................................................. 10. @2 @@4 5  @3 = .................................................................................................. = .................................................................................................. = ..................................................................................................

ĊóÐðÏÏĀė óÕÿ 183 . š™½Ä®··Ã°ª§ ¿f Ò­«×ÑÇ «µË­Î·”´““ÛķÙ©ÇÖ³Çη”œ×“Ç ÄÛ ·™Ã D#đ!¬¹“Ц´©ÖÇ @ A B z  1. (56  (53  (54 = ............................................................................. (52  (57 = ............................................................................. = ............................................................................. 2. (0.37 (0.5(0.235 = ............................................................................. = ............................................................................. = ............................................................................. 3. (0.511  (0.58 = ............................................................................. (0.52  (0.53  (0.54 = ............................................................................. 4. 9  81  (27 = ............................................................................. 32 = ............................................................................. = ............................................................................. 5. 75  (343 = ............................................................................. (49 (72 = ............................................................................. = ............................................................................. 6. 23m 2225m = ............................................................................. = ............................................................................. = ............................................................................. 7. 32m  35m = ............................................................................. 34m + 3 = ............................................................................. = ............................................................................. 8. (48@@A3A42 = ............................................................................. = ............................................................................. = ............................................................................. = ............................................................................. 9. (2@3A120@(3A77@4A = ............................................................................. = ............................................................................. 10. (@10A5B3 (@2A3B7 = ............................................................................. @5A4B2 = ............................................................................. = .............................................................................

ï184 ÒáãĂ öĀøãñìŝ çąē ÞĀç Ċåûï ¼³¬§Ã ”Æ ¿™Î·”´““ÛÄ·™Ã @LL  @LM §Ã¹¿´Äf ™©ÖÇ š™½Ä–fĔ¿™šÄÛ «¹«§¿f Ò­«Ç× 1. (232 = 23  23 ½µ¿É 232 = 26 = 26 2. (235 = 23  23  23  23  23 ½µ¿É 23  5 = 215 = 23 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 215 3. (@2A34 = @24 A34 = @8A12 4. (m2n32 = m n2(2 (3  (2 = m4n6 = mn64 E\"\"%Ă 39L= c š™©ÛÄη”´““ÄÛ ·™Ã §¿f Ò­«×ÑÇ ½¢g Ä«D#đ!šÛÄ«¹«Î›°Ä ϷÂη”œÇדÛÄ·™Ã D#đ!šÄÛ «¹«Î§Õ³¬¹“ 1. (234 = ............................................................................................................ 2. (342 = ............................................................................................................ 3. (562 = ............................................................................................................ 4. (723 = ............................................................................................................ 5. (302 = ............................................................................................................ 6. (423 = ............................................................................................................ 7. (1054 = ............................................................................................................ 8. (23  324 = ............................................................................................................ 9. (54  723 = ............................................................................................................

ĊóÐðÏÏĀė óÕÿ 185 10. (35  732 = ............................................................................................................ 11. (@2A34 = ............................................................................................................ 12. (2X3z52 = ............................................................................................................ 13. (@2A3B54 = ............................................................................................................ 14. (m2n43 = ............................................................................................................ 15. (@A2B33 = ............................................................................................................ ¼³¬Ã§Æη”´““ÛÄ·™Ã A@LM J  @ALMJJ A #  §¹Ã ¿´Äf ™©ÖÇ  š™©ÄÛ Î·”´““ÛķÙ§f¿Ò­«Ñ×Ç ½gD#đ!µ­Ë ¿´Äf ™™Äf ´ Ï·Âѽgη”œÇ“× ÛķÙD#đ!šÄÛ «¹«Î§Õ³¬¹“ 1. 32 5 = 2355 2. A@33 2 = @A46 3. @m2A34 3 = @m6A9 12 = @m6A912 4. 54 2 = ........................................................................................................ 5. (m2n32 = ........................................................................................................ = ........................................................................................................ 6. @2BA34 2 = ........................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................ 7. (m2n34 (m2n23 = ............................................................................................................ 8. @@22AA34BB3 3 é @@2A2A4BB5 3 2 = ........................................................................................................ = ........................................................................................................

ï186 ÒáĂãöĀøãñŝìēąçÞĀç Ċåûï E\"\"%Ă 39L= d š™©ÄÛ Î·”´““ÄÛ ·Ã™§¿f Ò­«Ñ×Ç ½g¿´ËfÑ«µË­¿´fę™Äf ´ Ï·ÂѽÎg ·”œÇדÛÄ·™Ã D#đ!šÛÄ«¹«Î§Õ³¬¹“ 1. 24 . 25 = ....................................................................................................... 2. 35 é 37 = ....................................................................................................... 3. @3 = ....................................................................................................... 4. 54 = ....................................................................................................... 5. 1@3122A3 = ....................................................................................................... 6. = ....................................................................................................... 7. mn34 = ....................................................................................................... 8. (@2A2B34 = ....................................................................................................... 9. (53  42  350 = ....................................................................................................... 10. (x3X2z (x5X34 = ....................................................................................................... 11. (@2A3B51 = ....................................................................................................... (@2A5B3 12. 3X2z 3 . 2Xz3 2 X5z2 X2z2= ....................................................................................................... = ....................................................................................................... 13. @@2A2A32BB1 2 é @@1A3A3BB5 2 = ....................................................................................................... = ....................................................................................................... 14. 163  274  3510 = ....................................................................................................... 308  424 = ....................................................................................................... 15. 16485  11055105  88142 = ....................................................................................................... = .......................................................................................................

ĊóÐðÏÏĀė óÕÿ 187 :+!:Q H#GĊ ¼ŸÃ “µ¥¹ ©Æ ´ÄºÄ¼§µ D#đ!“ĵΔ´Ç «Î·”´““ÄÛ ·Ã™¿´fËÑ«µË­“ĵ–Ë¥”¿™Î·”´““ÛÄ·™Ã ©Ö³Ç ǢīD#đ! 10 Ï·Âη”œ“×Ç ÄÛ ·™Ã D#đ!šÄÛ «¹«Î§³Õ ³µÇ ­Ë ©¹ÃÖ Ò­D#đ! A  10n γÉÖ¿ 1 d A  10 Ï·Â n D#đ!šÄÛ «¹«Î§Õ³ 1. “ĵΔ´Ç «šÛÄ«¹«©Ödz–Ç Äf ³Ä“ Ô Ñ½¿g ´fËÑ«µ­Ë ¼ŸÃ “µ¥¹©Æ ´ÄºÄ¼§µ Μf« 50,000 = 5  10,000 = 5  104 56,000 = 5.6  10,000 = 5.6  104 56,400 = 5.64  10,000 = 5.64  104 56,450 = 5.645  10,000 = 5.645  104 §¹Ã ¿´Äf ™©ÇÖ š™Î”Ç´«šÛÄ«¹«§f¿Ò­«Ç× Ñ½¿g ´ÑËf «µ­Ë ¼ÃŸ“µ¥¹©Æ ´ÄºÄ¼§µ 1. 4,000 = 4  1,000 2. 4,500 = 4  103 3. 4,580 = 4.5  1,000 4. 4,583 = 4.5  103 5. 80,000 = 4.58  1,000 = 4.58  103 = 4.583  1,000 = 4.583  103 = ..................................................................................................... = .....................................................................................................

ï188 ÒáĂãöĀøãñŝìçēą ÞĀç Ċåûï 6. 81,000 = ..................................................................................................... = ..................................................................................................... 7. 81,900 = ..................................................................................................... = ..................................................................................................... 8. 81,970 = ..................................................................................................... = ..................................................................................................... 9. 81,975 = ..................................................................................................... = ..................................................................................................... 10. 18,000 = ..................................................................................................... = ..................................................................................................... 11. 208,000 = ..................................................................................................... = ..................................................................................................... 12. 318,000 = ..................................................................................................... = ..................................................................................................... 13. 25,000,000 = ..................................................................................................... = ..................................................................................................... 14. 46,320,000 = ..................................................................................................... = ..................................................................................................... 15. 3,004,000,000 = ..................................................................................................... = ..................................................................................................... 16. 42,307,000,000,000 = ........................................................................................ = ........................................................................................ 17. 132,000,000,000,000 = ........................................................................................ = ........................................................................................ 18. 2,000,001,000,000,000 = ........................................................................................ = ........................................................................................ 19. 12,030,000,000,000,000 = ........................................................................................ = ........................................................................................

ĊóÐðÏÏĀė óÕÿ 189 20. 843,002,000,000,000,000,000 = .................................................................................. = .................................................................................. §Ã¹¿´fę©ÖÇ  š™Î”Ç´«šÄÛ «¹« Ï©«¼ŸÃ “µ¥¹©Æ ´ÄºÄ¼§µѫϧf·Â”¿g 1. 8  104 = 80,000 2. 5  107 = 50,000,000 3. 4.5  105 = 450,000 4. 3.78  105 = .................................................................................................... 5. 2.753  105 = .................................................................................................... 6. 1.032  108 = .................................................................................................... 7. 4.7803  1010 = .................................................................................................... 8. 6.05  1012 = .................................................................................................... 9. 1.5  1015 = .................................................................................................... 10. 3.08  1020 = .................................................................................................... §¹Ã ¿´Äf ™©ÖÇ  š™Ï¼¦™¹Æª©Ç ÛÄÏ·ÂΔ´Ç «–ÄÛ §¿¬Ñ«µË­¼ŸÃ “µ¥¹Æ©´ÄºÄ¼§µ 1. (4  105  (2  108 = (4  2  (105  108 2. 450  105 = 8  1013 3. (25  104  (30  105 = (4.5  102  105 = 4.5  107 4. (2.5  104  (3.5  105 = (25  30  (104  105 = 750  109 = 7.50  102  109 = 7.50  1011 = (2.5  3.5  (104  105 = 8.75  109