Kerala State Syllabus 10th Standard Malayalam Textbooks BT

NT-253-1-MALAYALAM-10-BT ASn-ÿm\\]mTm-hen ae-bmfw Ãm≥tU¿Uv X tIcf- k- ¿°m¿ s]mXphnZym`- ymk- h- I- p∏v Xbm-dm-°n-bXv kwÿm\\ hnZym-`ymk Kth-jW ]cn-io-e\\ kanXn (SCERT), tIcfw 2019

tZio-b-Km\\w P\\KWa\\ A[n\\mbI Pbtl `mcX `mKyhn[mXm, ]©m_kn‘p KpPdmØ admTm {ZmhnU DXv°e _wKm, hn‘ylnamNe bap\\mKwKm, D—ePe[nXcwKm, Xhip`\\mta PmtK, Xhip` Binj amtK, Kmtl Xh PbKmYm P\\KWawKeZmbI Pbtl `mcX `mKyhn[mXm. Pbtl, Pbtl, Pbtl, Pb Pb Pb Pbtl! {]Xn⁄ C¥y Fs‚ cmPyamWv. F√m C¥y°mcpw Fs‚ ktlmZco ktlmZc∑mcmWv. Rm≥ Fs‚ cmPysØ kv-t\\ln°p∂p; kºq¿Whpw sshhn[y ]q¿Whpamb AXns‚ ]mcºcyØn¬ Rm≥ A`nam\\wsIm≈p∂p. Rm≥ Fs‚ amXm]nXm°sfbpw Kpcp°∑mscbpw apXn¿∂hscbpw _lpam\\n°pw. Rm≥ Fs‚ cmPyØns‚bpw Fs‚ \\m´pImcpsSbpw t£aØn\\pw sFizcyØn\\pw th≠n {]bXv\\n°pw. State Council of Educational Research and Training (SCERT) Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram 695012, Kerala. website : www.scert.kerala.gov.in email : [email protected] phone : 0471-2341883, Fax : 0471-2341869 Printed at : KBPS, Kakkanad, Kochi-30

{]nb hnZym¿YnItf, Hcp P\\-Xbv°v IcpØpw Bfl-hn-izm-khpw \\¬Ip-∂Xn¬ amXr-`m-j-bv°v \\n¿Wm-b-I-amb ]¶p≠v. ae-bmfw \\ΩpsS A`n-am-\\hpw kzXz-Øns‚ AS-bm-f-hp-am-Wv. al-Ømb Hcp kmln-Xy-k-ºØpw hn⁄m-\\-k-ºØpw \\ΩpsS amXr- `m-jbmb ae-bmfw Dƒs°m-≈p-∂p. AXn\\v Ah-Im-in-I-fm- bn-Øo-cm≥ \\ap°v {]b-Xv\\n-°mw. ka{K F∂ hnZym-`ymk t]m¿´-epw kmt¶-Xn-I-ambn i‡n- s∏-Sp-Ønb Iyp.B¿.tImUpw ¢mkvdqw ]T-\\-{]-h¿Ø-\\-߃ Bbm-k-c-ln-Xhpw ck-I-chpw B°nØo¿°pw. tZio-b -sXm-gn¬ ss\\]pWn N´-°q-Spw (F≥.-F-kv.-Iyp.-F-^v), Zpc-¥- \\n-hm-c-Wam¿K-ßfpw sF.kn.-Sn. km[y-X-Ifpw Cu ]mT -]p-kvX-I-Øn¬ ]cn-K-Wn-®n-´p≠v. kzX-{¥-amb hmb-\\bv°pw Nn¥bv°pw k¿KmflImhn-jvIm- c-߃°pw ]mT-]p-kvX-I-Øn¬ Ht´sd Ah-k-c-߃ Hcp-°n- bn-´p-≠v. `mj-bpsS {]tbm-K-km-[y-X-Iƒ a\\- n-em-°m\\pw cN-\\-I-fn¬ G¿s∏-Sm-\\pap≈ [mcmfw ]T-\\m-\\p-`-h-߃ ¢mkv ap-dn-I-fn¬\\n∂v t\\S-Ww. Imen-I-amb sa®-s∏-Sp-ØepItfmsS {]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p∂ Cu ]mT-]p-kvXIw ]pXnb A\\p-`-h-ßfpw A\\p-`q-Xn-Ifpw ]I-c-s´. kvt\\lmiwkItfmsS, tUm.sP. -{]-kmZv UbdŒ¿ Fkv.kn.C.B¿.Sn.

`mc-X-Øns‚ `c-W-L-S\\ `mKw ,9I auenI I¿Ø-hy-߃ 51 I. auenI I¿Ø-hy-߃ ˛ Xmsg-∏-d-bp-∂h `mc-X-Ønse Hmtcm ]uc-s‚bpw I¿Øhyw Bbn-cn-°p-∂-XmWv: (I) `c-W-L-S-\\sb A\\p-k-cn-°p-Ibpw AXns‚ BZ¿i-ß-sfbpw ÿm]-\\-ß-sfbpw tZiob]XmI- s- bbpw tZiobKm\\s- Øbpw BZc- n°- pI- bpw sNøpI; (J) kzmX{- ¥yØ- n\\- pt- h≠- nb- p≈ \\ΩpsS tZiobkac- Ø- n\\v {]tNmZ- \\w \\¬Inb al\\- ob- m- Z¿iß- sf ]cnt- ]mj- n∏- n°- pI- bpw ]n≥XpS- c- pI- bpw sNøpI; (K) `mcX- Ø- ns‚ ]ca- m[- nI- mc- hpw sFIyhpw AJfi- X- bpw \\ne\\- n¿ØpI- bpw kwc£- n°- p- Ibpw sNøpI; (L) cmPysØ ImØpk- q£- n°- pI- bpw tZiob tkh\\w A\\pj- vTn°- ph- m≥ Bhiys- ∏S- pt- ºmƒ A\\pj- vTn°- pI- bpw sNøpI; (M) aX]- c- hpw `mjm]- c- hpw {]mtZi- nI- hpw hn`mK- ob- h- pa- mb sshhn[- yß- ƒ°XoX- a- mbn `mc- XØ- nse F√m P\\ß- ƒ°pa- nS- b- n¬, kulm¿Zhpw s]mXph- mb kmtlmZ- c- ya- t- \\m`- mh- hpw ]pe¿ØpI- . kv{XoIf- psS A¥ - n\\v Ipdhp hcpØ- p∂ BNmc- ß- ƒ ]cnX- yP- n°- pI; (N) \\ΩpsS kwkvImc- ka\\- zbØ- ns‚ kº∂- a- mb ]mcº- c- ysØ hnea- X- n°- pI- bpw \\ne\\- nd- p- ØpI- bpw sNøpI; (O) h\\ß- fpw XSmI- ß- fpw \\ZnI- fpw h\\yPoh- nI- fpw Dƒs∏S- p∂ {]IrXym D≈ ]cnÿ- nXn kwc-£n-°p-Ibpw A`n-hr-≤n-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw Pohn-I-tfmSv ImcpWyw ImWn-°p-Ibpw sNøpI; (P) imkv{Xob- a- mb ImgvN∏- mSpw am\\h- nI- X- bpw, At\\zj- W- Ø- n\\pw ]cnjvIcWØn\\pw D≈ at\\m`- mh- hpw hnIk- n∏- n°- pI; (Q) s]mXpk- zØv ]cnc- £- n°- pI- bpw i]Yw sNbvXv A{Iaw Dt]£- n°- pI- bpw sNøpI; (R) cmjv{Sw bXv\\Ø- ns- ‚bpw e£y{- ]m]- vXnb- ps- Sbpw D∂X- X- e- ß- f- nt- e°v \\nc¥cw Dbc- Ø- - °h- Æw hy‡n]- c- hpw Iq´mb- X- pa- mb {]h¿Ø\\- Ø- ns‚ F√m afie- ß- f- nepw D¬Ir- jvSX- b- v°pt- h≠n A[zm\\- n°- pI- . (S) Bdn\\pw ]Xn-\\m-en\\pw CSbv°v {]mb-ap≈ Xs‚ Ip´nt°m Xs‚ kwc-£-W-bn-ep≈ Ip´nI- ƒt°m, AXXp kwKXn t]mse, amXm]- nX- m°- tfm c£mI¿Ømthm hnZym`- ymk- - Øn\\- p≈ Ahk- c- ß- ƒ G¿s∏S- pØ- pI- .

D≈-S°w 1 PohnXw ]S¿Øp∂ thcpI- ƒ.................................................... 07 • πmhn-e-°™n ........................................... 08 • Hmtcm hnfnbpw ImØv ........................... 15 • AΩ-sØm-´n¬ ........................................... 21 ....................................................2 \\nemh- ps- ]ø- p∂ \\m´ph- g- nI- ƒ 27 • sIm®p-N-°-c®n ......................................... 28 • HmW-ap-‰Øv ............................................... 34 • tImgnbpw Ing-hnbpw .............................. 37 • {io\\m-cm-b-W-Kpcp .................................... 45 3 hm°pI- ƒ hnSc- p∂ ]pec- nI- ƒ.......................................... 53 • ]{X-\\oXn .................................................... 54 • ]Wbw ........................................................ 59 • AΩbpsS FgpØp-Iƒ ......................... 68

Ip´n-I-fpsS Ah-Im-i-߃ {]nba- p≈ Ip´nI- t- f, \\nß- ƒ°p≈ AhImi- ß- s- fs- ¥√- ms- a∂v Adnt- b≠- X- nt√? AhI- mi- ß- sf°pdn- ®p≈ Adnhv \\nßf- psS ]¶mf- nØ- w, kwc£- W- w, kmaqly\\- oXn F∂nh Dd- ∏m°- m≥ t{]cW- bpw {]tNmZ- \\- hpw \\¬Ipw. \\nßf- psS AhI- mi- ß- ƒ kwc- £n°- m≥ Ct∏mƒ Hcp IΩnj- ≥ {]h¿Øn°- p∂- p≠- v. tIcf kwÿm\\ _mem- h-Im-i-kw-c-£W IΩo-j≥ F∂mWv AXns‚ t]cv. Fs¥-√m-amWv \\n߃°p≈ AhI- mi- ß- ƒ F∂p t\\m°mw. $ kwkm-c-Øn\\pw Bi-b-{]-IS\\Øn $ kuP-\\yhpw \\n¿_-‘n-X-hp-amb hnZym- \\pap≈ kzmX{¥yw `ymk Ah-Imiw $ Poh-s‚bpw hy‡nkzmX-{¥y-Øn-s‚bpw $ Ifn-°m\\pw ]Tn-°m-\\p-ap≈ Ah-Imiw kwc-£Ww $ kvt\\lhpw kpc-£bpw \\¬Ip∂ $ AXnP- oh- \\- Ø- n\\pw ]q¿Wh- nI- mk- Ø- n\\- p- IpSpw-_hpw kaq-lhpw e`y-am-Im-\\p≈ ap≈ AhI- miw Ah-Imiw $ PmXn˛aX˛h¿K-˛h¿W Nn¥-Iƒ°-XoX \\nßf- psS Nne DØc- h- mZnX- zß- ƒ ambn _lp-am-\\n-°-s∏-Sm\\pw AwKo-I-cn- °s∏Sm\\p-ap≈ Ah-Imiw $ kvIqƒ, s]mXpk- wh- n[- m\\- ß- ƒ F∂nh \\in-∏n-°msX kwc-£n-°pI. $ am\\-kn-Ihpw imco-cn-Ihpw ssewKn-I-hp- amb ]oU-\\-ß-fn¬ \\n∂p≈ kwc-£-W- $ kvIqfnepw ]T-\\-{]-h¿Ø\\ßfnepw Øn\\pw ]cnN- c- W- Ø- n\\- pa- p≈ AhI- miw IrXy-\\njvT ]men-°pI. $ ]¶m-fn-Ø-Øn-\\p≈ Ah-Imiw $ kvIqƒ A[n-Im-cn-Isfbpw A[ym-]-I- $ _me-th-e-bn¬\\n∂pw B]XvIc-amb scbpw amXm-]n-Xm-°sfbpw kl-]m-Tn- I-sfbpw _lp-am-\\n-°p-Ibpw AwKo-I- tPmen-I-fn¬ \\n∂p-ap≈ tamN\\w cn-°p-Ibpw sNøpI. $ ssiihhnhm-l-Øn-¬\\n∂p≈ kwc- $ PmXn˛aX˛h¿K˛h¿W Nn¥-Iƒ°-Xo- £Ww X-ambn a‰p-≈-hsc _lp-am-\\n-°m\\pw $ kz¥w kwkvImcw Adn-bp-∂-Xn\\pw AwKo-I-cn-°m\\pw k∂-≤-cmhpI. AX\\p-k-cn®v Pohn-°p-∂Xn\\pap≈ kzmX{¥yw $ Ah-K-W-\\-Ifn¬ \\n∂p≈ kwc-£Ww _‘-s∏-tS≠ hnemkw: tIcf kwÿm\\ _memh- -Im-i-kwc- -£W IΩo-j≥ \"{io KtWjv', ‰n.kn. 14/2036, hm≥tdmkv PwKvj≥, tIcf bqWnthgvkn‰n ]n.H, Xncp-h-\\-¥-]pcw˛34, t^m¨: 0471˛2326603 C˛-sa-bn¬: [email protected], [email protected] sh_vssk‰v: www.kescpcr.kerala.gov.in ssN¬Uv sl¬∏vsse≥ ˛ 1098, ss{Iw tÃm∏¿ ˛ 1090, \\n¿`b ˛ 1800 425 1400 tIcf t]meokv sl¬∏v sse≥ ˛ 0471 - 3243000/44000/45000 online R.T.E Monitoring: www.nireekshana.org.in

1 PohnXw ]S¿Øp∂ thcp-Iƒ Ip´n AΩ-tbmSv tNmZn®p: \"\"Cu hr£-ß-sfms° hogmsX \\n¬°p-∂-t√m...'' \"\"Ahbv°p `qan-bn¬ thcp-≠v. AXp-sIm≠v Dd-®p-\\n¬°p-∂p.'' AΩ ]d-™p. \"\"At∏mƒ \\ΩpsS thcp-Itfm?'' \"\"AXpw Cu AΩ-bmb `qan-bn¬Ø-s∂.'' ˛ thcp-Iƒ (Un. hn\\-b-N-{μ≥) `qansb AΩ-bmbn k¶¬∏n-°p-∂-Xns‚ HuNnXyw N¿®sNøp-I.

a]Øv ebmfw πmhn-e-°™n XIgn inh-i-¶-c-∏n-≈-bpsS ]pjv]then¬ Hutk-∏n\\v Htc-°¿ \\new \"c≠n-S-ßgn' F∂ t\\mh-ense \\nIØn ]pc-bn-S-am-°m-\\p-≠v. At±-l-Øns‚ tI{μI- Y- m]- m{- Xß- f- mWv Cs°m-√sØ Hcp {][m\\tPmen-bm-W-Xv. At±- tImc\\pw Nncp-Xbpw NmØ-\\pw. lØ- ns‚ Hmtcm the°- mc- \\- pw- Hmtcm h≈hpw sImSpØv B henb tPmen Bcw-`n-®p. tImcs- ‚bpw NncpX- b- ps- Sbpw hnhmlw \\S∂- p. BZysØ Znhkw I´-I- pØp Ign™p Iqen- °mbn the-°m¿ F√-mhcpw IqSn ]pjv]-th- hnhml- Z- nh- kØne- p- ≠mb en¬- sN∂p. Bsfm∂- p°p ap°m¬ cq]m hoXw Nne X¿°-ß-fm¬ Iqen sImSp-Øp. tImc\\v tImc\\v A∂sØ AØm-g-Øn\\p s\\√p kz¥w hoSv Dt]£- nt- °≠- nh- ∂- p. sIm≠psNs∂-¶n-te-bp-≈q. Hcp aWn Acn Xs‚ kplrØ- mb Ahs‚ Xd-bn-en-√. Ah\\p s\\√p Iqen-In-´ntb aXn-bm-Iq. tImc≥ ]d-™p: Ip™∏nbpsS IpSne- nt- \\mSv tN¿∂v Hcp `mKw ad-®p-sI´n \"\"X{ºm, G\\p s\\√p Iqen aXn. N{Iw ta≠.'' Xma-kn-°p-I-bmWv Ah¿. Hcp hm°psIm≠v Hutk∏v B At]£- sb \\ntj-[n-®p. ]pjv]t- he- n¬- Hutk∏v apXe- mf- nb- psS ]mSØv ]Wn-sb-Sp-°p∂ tImc\\v \"\"s\\√n√- . ]nimi- p°- fv! s\\√p- sIm≠- ps- N∂p ITn-\\-ambn A[zm-\\n-®n´pw h√ ]oSnI- b- nepw s]´h- ne- bv°v hn¬°m\\- mW.v'' Hcp t\\csØ Blm-c-Øn-\\p≈ s\\t√m ]Wtam e`n°- p∂- n√- . \"\"A√ X{ºm! AØm-g-°-cn-°m-Sn°m.'' sImSnb Zmcn-{Zy-Øn-emWv Ah-cpsS Pohn-Xw. \"\"t]m! t]m!'' B Pohn-Xm-h-ÿ-bpsS a‰p the°- m¿ H∂pw ]db- msX h≈Ø- n¬ Ib- Nn{XoI- c- W- a- mWv dn. tImc≥ Xs∂ AhnsS \\n∂X- ps- Im≠v F¥p ]mT`- mK- w. {]tbmP- \\- a- mW?v H∂pa- n√- . Ah\\- pw- t]mb- n. 8

PohnXw ]S¿Øp∂ thcp-Iƒ A∂p ]mXn-cm-hsc tImc≥ B N{Ihpw aSn-bn-en´v Acn At\\z- ASn-ÿm\\ jn®v Du∂n \\S-∂p. ]oSn-I-I-fnepw hoSp-I-fnepw sN∂p tNmZn-®p. ]mTm-hen F√m-bn-SØpw Acn-bp-≠v. ]t£, CS-ßgn Acn°v H∂-c-cq] sImSp- °Ww. B hne-sIm-SpØv Fßs\\ hmßpw? hmßn-bmepw Ccp- \\mgn Acn-sIm≠v aXn-bm-Ip-tam? ssI\\-Icn apgp-h≥ cm{Xn-bn¬ Du∂n\\S-∂-t∏mƒ cm{Xn-bpsS Iqcn-cp-´n¬ \\S-°p∂ Nne h≥ hym]m-c-߃ tImc≥ I≠p. Hcp henb Irjn-°m-cs‚ ho´n\\p ap≥hiw IS-hn¬ I∏¬t]m-ep≈ c≠p h≈-߃ InS-°p-∂p. B henb ho´n¬\\n∂p Nm°p-I-fmbn s\\√p h≈-Øn-te°v t]mIp-∂p-≠v. AXn-¬ CS-ß-gn-s\\√v tImc\\p In´n-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬! Ah≥ A∂p- ®bv°v ]pjv]-th-en¬\\n∂p I™n IpSn-®p. NncpX A∂v Acn-bn´v Xnf∏- n® sh≈w IpSn®- n´- n√- . Ccp\\- mgn Acn In´nb- m¬ Ahƒ h√Xpw Ign-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p. Hutk∏v s\\√p-Iq-en- sIm-Sp°mØsX¥p-sIm-s≠∂v tImc\\v a\\-  n-embn. s\\√n\\v \\√ hne-bp-≠v. Cßs\\ cm{Xn-bn¬ Ahn-sS-bpw I®h- Sw \\S°- p∂- p≠- mh- pw. Acn In´mØ \\o≠ \\o≠ ]´nW- n°- mew tImc≥ apºn¬ I≠p. Cßs\\ s\\√p-hne \\n∂m¬ ]pjv]-th- en¬\\n∂p s\\√p-Iqen In´p-I- bn√, Xo¿®! cm{Xn-bn¬ \\S-°p∂ hym]m- csØ ]c-ky-s∏-Sp-Øn-bm-se ¥v? s\\√p IqenIn-´n-bn-s√-¶n¬ tPmen°p t]mIm-Xn-cp-∂m-se ¥v? tImc≥ Nn¥n-®p. Ahs‚ Iq´p-Imsc F√mw Ah-\\-dnbmw. Ah¿ tPmen°- pt- ]mI- pw. Ah≥ H‰-s∏Spw. ]mXn-cm-bv°p-tijw BdW sImSp-Øp-hm-ßnb \\mgn Acn bpw \\mepN- {- IØ- n\\p I∏b- pa- mbn tImc≥ sIm´ne- n¬ sN∂p. NncpX Dd-ßn-bn-cp-∂n-√. IX Ip `{Z-ambn AS-®p-sI´n Ahƒ AI-Øn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. h≈w ASpØ i_vZw-tI´v Ahƒ t]Sn®v tNmZn-®p: \"\"lmcm AXv?'' \"\"G\\mSo.'' 9

a]Øv ebmfw Ahƒ°v Bƒ a\\- n-em-bn. Ahƒ \"\"AXp ta≠. \\o C∂p sa≈w IpSn-®-X- sN‰ Xpd-∂p. Ahƒ ]pd-Øn-d-ßn. √-t√m. F\\°p ab-dp-s\\-d-™p. \\msf ImeØv FSpØp tam¥pºw N´oev Hcn-‰p- Aßs\\ ]mXn-cm-bv°p-tijw ASp- sa≈w sht®®m aXn.'' ∏n¬ Xo F-cn-™p. B IpSn-en¬ shfn-®- ap-≠m-bn. tImc≥ hb-‰n¬ kpJ-ans√∂p Gg-c-t°mgn Iqhn. hbdp \\nd-™n-s√- \\Sn®p InS-∂p. I™nbpw I∏bpw Ime- ¶nepw Ah¿ Dd-ßn. Ahs‚ _en-jvT-amb am-b-t∏mƒ NncpX tImcs\\ hnfn-®p- ico-c-tØmSp tN¿∂p InS-∂-t∏mƒ t]Sn- W¿Øn. A¬∏-sa-¶nepw IpSnt® aXn-bm- Iq-SmsX Ahƒ°v Dd-ßm≥ Ign-™p. Iq. Hcp IjWw I∏bpw Hcp πmhne °™nbpw. tImc≥ apJw- Npf- p°n∏d™p: ]nt‰∂p ImeØv B \\mgn I™n-sh- ≈hpw \\mev IjWw I∏bpw Hcp hg-°n\\p \"\"G\\p ta≠.'' Imc-W-ambn. Ah≥ A∏Sn Ign-s®-∂p-h-®- \"\"F∂mev G\\pw IpSn-°-Øn√.'' √, Ahƒ H´pw Ign-°m-Ø-Xn-\\m¬. \"\"G\\p ab-‰nev Hcp Iºn-X-saSo.'' Nncp-Xbv°pw hmin-bp≠v. A∂pw s\\√n-\\p-th≠n Ah≥ hmZn-®p. Ah-km\\w Ah-fpsS t{]c-Wbv°v Hcp cq] Ah\\p IqenI- n´- n. Fhns- Sms°tbm tImc≥ hi-s∏-´p-t]m-bn. \\S∂v Ccp-\\mgn Acnbpw I∏bpw hmßn Hcp N´n-bpsS Ccp-h-i-ambn `mcybpw tImc≥ Xncn®ph∂t- ∏mƒ Ahs‚ IpSne- n¬ `¿Ømhpw Ccp-∂p. ASp-∏nse Fcn-Xo- Hcp kwkmcw tIƒ°mw. bpsS shfn-®-Øn¬ Ah¿ I™n IpSn-®p- Xp-S-ßn. AXv Ahs‚ A∏-\\m-bn-cp-∂p; ]nWßn Ahƒ ]d™p: Ahs\\ ssIsh-Sn™ A—≥! Bƒ \"\"CXp I™n IpSn-°p-s∂∂ _mhta I≠m¬ Adn-bp-I-bn-√. asÆÆhnf-°ns‚ D≈q.'' shfn-®-Øn-en-cp∂v Abmƒ Nncp-X-bp-ambn \"\"As√-So, G≥ IpSn-°phm.'' kwkm-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Ahsf \"tamtf' F∂p A∂p-sh® I™n-bn¬\\n∂v Hcp \\√ hnfn-°p-∂Xv tImc≥ tI´p. Awiw Ahƒ kq£n®ph®n-cp-∂p. AXp tImc≥ I≠p-]n-Sn-®p. AXp IÆp XWp-∏n-°p∂ Hcp ImgvN \"\"FSo I≈o! \\obXp Hfn-®p-a-®n- Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p. cpt∂m?'' Ahƒ Nncn-®p. Ah-fpsS XmSn-bn¬ \"\"Atøm! At∏m!'' F∂p hnfn-®p-sIm≠v hm’-ey-]q¿hw H∂p IpØn-bn´v Ah≥ tImc≥ AI-Øp Ibdn. tNmZn®p: \"\"F¥n-\\m-bnXv? \\mgn Acn Ateym \"\"tamt\\!'' as®m≈q? \\o IpSn.'' \"\"\\msf D®-Xn-cn-™teym \\mgn A∏\\pw aI\\pw ]c-kv]cw sI´n-∏n-Sn®p. It™m≈w In´p-s∂. ]mc-bn-Sn-°m\\pw B ImgvN t\\m°n-\\n∂p NncpX B\\-μn-®p. apßn-°p-Øm-\\p-sam-≈-Xteym? ImeØv H∂p Ie°n tam¥n-s°m≠p ]mw.'' hr≤≥, ico-c-amsI \\o¿t°mƒ sIm≠p hnßn hnf-dn-bn-cp-∂p. Fgp-t∂¬°m≥ hø. ]p{Xs- \\- I≠ Bthi- Ø- n\\v Fgpt∂‰pt]m bXmW.v Im¬ Xf¿∂p hogm≥ XpSß- nb ]nXm- hns\\ Xmßns- °m≠v tImc≥ tNmZn®- p: \"\"F∂m A®m CXv? tasems° \\otcm?'' \"\"Mmv tamt\\, C\\n A[nI- \\- ms- fm∂- pa- n√- .'' tImc≥ ]nXm-hns\\ Xmßn Xmg-Øn-cp- Øn. hr≤≥ XpS¿∂p: 10

PohnXw ]S¿Øp∂ thcp-Iƒ \"\"Acn-bn´p Xnf-∏n® sh≈w IpSn-®n-´p ASn-ÿm\\ sZhkw ]Øm-bn. I∏ Xs∂ I∏! AXm Ah-km-\\sØ \\mfp-Iƒ t]m°p-hm≥ ]mTm-hen Cu shf¿®. AhsSßpw s\\√p IWn- Im-Wm-\\n√! Ht≈m≥ shfo Im-Wn-°-Øn- X∏n-Ø-S™v FØn-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. √. cm{Xoev Ggp cq]m-bm- she.'' Acn-bn-´p-Xn-f-∏n® I™n IpSn-°Ww ˛ Ah-km-\\sØ B{K-lw. Agn™- pt- ]mb tXm¿Øv hr≤≥ DSp- Øp. ]nXmh- ns\\ t\\m°ns- °m≠- nc- n°- th Bt≠m-Sm≠p ]Xn-\\m-bn-c-∏d \\new tImcs‚ IÆpI- ƒ \\nd™p. Fßs- \\b- n- Irjn D≠m-bn-cp∂ Hcp Irjn°m-cs‚ cp∂ Bfm-W-Xv! \\nd™ Btcm-Kyhpw the-°m-c-\\m-bn´v F´p hb- n¬ IqSn-b- B\\-bpsS Icp-Øp-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂p. C∂v XmW- b- mƒ. AXn\\- pt- ijw B Irjn°- m- Fgpt- ∂‰p \\n¬°m≥ t]mepw IcpØ- n√- . c≥ tImSoi- zc- \\- mh- pI- bpw £bn°- pI- bpw ]ns∂bpw Db-cp-Ibpw sNbvXp. F{X- A]c- m[- t- _m[w tImcs‚ lrZb- sØ sb{- X- tImSn ]d s\\√v Abmƒ Cu Adp- t\\mhn®- p. hr≤s\\ XIg- nb- n¬ X\\n®- n´p ]-Øn-c≠p hb- n-\\n-S-bn¬ D≠m-°n-bn- Xm≥ Xs‚ kpJwtXSn s]Æpa- mbn adp- cn°- p∂p! F{X s\\√p sImbvXp; saXn®p! \\m´- n¬t]m∂p. AsXs- ¥mcp A£¥- h- y- F{X tImSn DZc- ß- ƒ, Cu hr≤s‚ {]b- amb A]c- m[- a- mWv! Hcp XcØ- nepw B Xv\\-^ew sIm≠v \\n-d-™n-cn-°p∂p! sX‰p \\ymboI- c- n°- mh- p∂- X- √- . B hr≤≥ Pohn-X-Øn\\v Fs¥¥p kw`m-h-\\-Iƒ F{X IjvS-s∏-´mWv Ahs\\ hf¿Øn- sNbvX Hcp Pohn-X-Øns‚ Ah-km-\\m- s°m≠- ph- ∂- X- v. ]nWß- nb- nc- p∂- n´pw Ah- [ym-b-ß-fmWv Hcp Ipdp-Ip-dp-t∏msS km\\w Ahs\\ tXSn-h-∂p. AsX, a‰m- AhnsS hen-®p-I-gn-bp-∂Xv! cp≠v Abmƒ°.v .. Hcp \\n›bw sNbXv m¬ AXn¬\\n∂p AWph- nS ]n≥amd- p∂ {]Ir- ]Øp Znh-k-am-bnsb-∂v, Acn-bn´p X-°m-c-\\m-bn-cp-∂n-√ B hr≤≥ sNdp-∏- Xnf-∏n® sh≈w IpSn-®n´v! Ah≥ D≠m- Øn¬. Hcp]t£, Ahs‚IqsS Xmak- n- °nb s\\√p a‰m-cp-sStbm hI-bm- ®nc- ps- ∂¶- n¬ hr≤≥ Cßs\\ Bbnt- ∏m- bncp∂p. Ipa- mb- nc- p∂- n√- . hr≤≥ tNmZn®p: Cu \\ne-bn¬\\n∂v Fgp-t∂‰v C\\nbpw ]p©-∏m-S-Øns‚ hc-ºn¬°qSn hr≤≥ \"\"tamt\\, \\nß-°n-hnsS Iqen s\\√ \\S°- pI- b- p≠- mI- b- ns- √∂p \\n›b- a- mb- nc- p- teym?'' ∂p. Hcp ]pdt- he- nb- n¬ \\n∂ps- Im≠v ]mS- ti-J-c-Øns‚ Atß ]pd-th-en-bn¬ ASpØ- nc- p∂ ]nXmh- ns‚ ]pdw Xtem- \\n¬°p∂ as‰mcp ]d-bs\\ C\\n IqIn- Sns°m≠n-cp∂ tImc≥ ]d™p: hn-fn®p hnfn-tIƒ∏n-°p-I-bp-an-√. B izmk-tIm-i-Øn\\v C\\n B i‡n-bn-√. \"\"A√-®m. s\\√p shfo ImWn-°-Øn- √. C∂se BdW sImSpØp \\mgn Acn taSn-®p. C∂n∏w Ccp-\\m-gn-sbm-≠v.'' 11

a]Øv ebmfw Nncp-X-tbm-Smbn tImc≥ tNmZn®p: Ccp-\\mgn Acnbn´p I™nh®p I∏bpw \"\"ASo, A®\\p at√mw sImSptØm?'' ]pgpßn B sIm®p-Ip-Spw-_-Øns‚ Hcp aμ-lm-k-tØmsS Ahƒ ]d™p: A∂sØ AØmgw Ign-™p. B Znhkw \"\"F∂m sImSp-°m\\m? G≥ C∂se Hcp tImc-s‚ Pohn-X-Ønse Hcp kvac-Wo-b-Zn- samdw s\\bvXp-h-®n-cp-∂p. AXp sImSp-Øn´v h-k-am-bn-cp-∂p. Ahs‚ Hcp Znh-ksØ Ggp N{Iw In´n. AXp sImSpØp aqg-°cow Iqen-bnse ISw A∂v Ah≥ ho´n-°-gn- taSn-t®m-≠p-a- -∂-∏gm A®-Ω-s∂. AXn´p ™p. sXf-∏n®p Rß D®°p IpSn-®p.'' hr≤≥ B {]kvXm-h-\\-bpsS Ah-km-\\- Dg-°-cn-bpsS I™n aXn B ]mhw `mK- sØ FXn¿Øp: \"\"R߃ IpSn®p F∂p hr≤\\v. IqSp-X-en\\v B{K-l-ap-≠v. ]t£, ]d-bp-∂Xv icn-b√.'' AI-tØ°p sN√p-I-bn-√. Ad-bv°¬ho- hr≤≥ ]d™p: ´nse henb No\\-®-´n-bnse \\ndsI tNmdv, \"\"aqg°- c- nb- n´p sXf∏- n®- p. G\\m AXp IpSn- Bb-Im-e-Øv, Abmƒ°v \\mep-cp-fbvt° ®-Xv. Ahfp IpSn-®n-√, G\\p tImcn-t°m-cn- D≠mb- nc- p∂- p≈- q. Cu ]Øpπ- mh- ne- °- ™n Ø-∂p.'' tImcn-°p-Sn®p Ign-™-t∏mƒ hr≤≥ Hcp NncpX IrX-Ir-Xy-bmbn: \\o≠ Gsºm°w hn´p. tImc\\pw Xr]vXn- \"\"A®≥ NpΩm ]d-bp-hm, G\\pw IpSn-®p.'' bm-bn. hr≤≥ Nncp-Xsb H∂p- t\\m°n tImc-t\\mSv ]cm-Xn-s∏´p: ]nt‰∂p cmhnetØ°p Ipd®p I™n \"\"Gs‚ tamt\\! Fßs\\ sImgpØp N°p- NncpX sh®n-cp-∂p. tImc≥ FXn¿Øn-√. ¶p-‰n-t]m-en-cp∂ IvSmØn-bm. C∏w Fs√√mw sXfn-™p.'' F¥m-bmepw A∂p s\\√p-Xs∂ Iqen B Ip‰w tImc≥ G‰p. AXp icn-bm-Wv. In´ntb aXn-bm-Iq. A∏\\v Hcp t\\c-sa- Ieym-W-Øn\\p apºv Ahƒ XSn-®p-sIm-gp- ¶nepw \\nd®p tNmdp sImSp-°-Ww. AXp Øn-cp-∂-Xm-Wv. am{X-amWv Ahs‚ B{K-lw. tImc≥ ]d™p: \"\"Ahfp as‰m-t≈msc Xo‰p-Im. F∂n´v c≠n-S-ßgn Ahfv HW-ßp-tIw. G\\p NoØ-t∏-cp-≠m- (X-Ign inh-i-¶-c-∏n-≈) °-cp-sX∂v F∂pw ]d-bpw.'' \"\"AsX-b-sX. G≥ CXv C∂pw I≠p.'' hr≤≥ kΩ-Xn®p. 12

PohnXw ]S¿Øp∂ thcp-Iƒ  NphsS sImSp-Øn-cn-°p-∂h {i≤n-°q. A]mSTn-ÿm-hme\\n $ \"\"G\\p ta≠.'' \"\"F∂mev G\\pw IpSn-°-Øn-√.'' \"\"G\\v ab-‰nev Hcp Iºn-X-sa-So.'' Nncp-Xbv°pw hmin-bp-≠v. Ah-km\\w Ah-fpsS t{]c-Wbv°v tImc≥ hi-s∏- ´p-t]mbn. $ hr≤≥ ]d™p: \"\"aqg-°-cn-bn´v sXf-∏n-®p.'' \"\"G\\m AXv IpSn-®-Xv. Ahfv IpSn-®n-√. G\\p tImcn-t°m-cn-Ø-∂p.'' NncpX IrX-Ir-Xy-bm-bn: \"\"A®≥ NpΩm ]d-bphm, G\\pw IpSn-®p.'' Dujva-f-amb kvt\\l-_-‘-ß-fmWv Pohn-X-Øn\\v IcpØpw Im¥nbpw ]I-cp-∂Xv˛ ]mT-`mKw Bkv]-Z-am°n {]kvXm-h-\\-bpsS km[pX N¿®sNøp-I.  \"\"AsXs¥mcp A£-¥-hy-amb A]-cm-[-amWv. Hcp Xc-Ønepw B sX‰v \\ymbo- I-cn-°m-hp-∂-X-√.'' tImcs‚ Cu [m¿Ωn-I-t_m[w h¿Ø-am\\kaq-l-Øn¬ F{X-tØmfw \\ne- \\n¬°p-∂p≠v? kzm`n-{]mbw ka¿Yn-°p-I.  $ \"\"X{ºm, G\\v s\\√v Iqen aXn. N{Iw ta≠.'' $ \"\"cm{Xn-bn¬ \\S-°p∂ hym]m-csØ ]c-ky-s∏-Sp-Øn-bm-se¥v? s\\√p-Iqen In´n-bn-s√-¶n¬ tPmen°v t]mIm-Xn-cp-∂m-se¥v? tImc≥ Nn¥n-®p.'' F√p apdnsb ]Wn-sb-Sp-Øn´pw ]´nWnInS-t°≠n hcp∂ I¿j-I-sØm-gn-em-fn-I- fpsS {]Xn-tj[kqN-\\-I-fm-Wt√m Cu hcn-I-fn¬ sXfn-bp-∂-Xv. CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ IqSp-X¬ kμ¿`-߃ ]mT-`m-K-Øp-\\n∂p Is≠Øn A°m-esØ kmaq-ln-I -Po-hn-Xm-hÿ hna¿i-\\m-fl-I-ambn hne-bn-cp-Øp-I. NT-253-2-MALAYALAM-10-BT  \"\"CXp I™n IpSn-°ps∂∂ _mhta D≈q.'' \"\" As√-So, G≥ IpSn-°phm.'' \"\"FSo I≈o! \\obXv Hfn®pa®n-cpt∂m?'' \"\"F¥n\\mbnXv? \\mgn Acn Ateym as®m≈q? \\o IpSn.'' **** \"\"\\msf D®Xncn™- t- eym \\mgn It™m≈w In´ps∂. ]mcb- nS- n°- m\\pw apßn°- pØm\\- psam≈Xt- ey- m. ImeØv H∂v Ie°n tam¥ns- °m≠p ]mw.'' \"\"AXp ta≠. \\o C∂p sa≈w IpSn-®-X-√-t√m. F\\n°p ab-dp-\\n-d-™p. \\msf°meØv FSpØp tam¥pºw N´oev Hcn‰p sa≈w sht®-®m- a-Xn.'' ]mT`mK-Øp≈ Cu kw`m-j-W-߃ \\nß-fpsS {]tZ-i-Øp≈ kwkm-c-`m-j-bn- te°v am‰n Fgp-Xq. ]Z-ß-fnepw hmIyLS-\\-bnepw hcp∂ am‰w N¿®sNøq. 13

a]Øv ebmfw  Pohn-XØn\\v A`n-hr-≤n-I-c-amb am‰w hcp∂ BÀm-Z-tØmsS N°n Idp-Ø- Ω-tbmSv ]d-™p: \"\"samImsf, \\a°p ht≈mw htew H≠m-Im-dm-bn-t∏m-bn.'' Idp-ØΩ an≠n-bn-√. F∂p-h-®m¬, B BÀm-Z-Øn¬ ]¶p-sIm-≈m≥ Ahƒ°p Ign™- n√- . AXmb- nc- p∂- p Ahf- psS am‰w. N°n kzKX- a- mbn ]d™p: \"\"IS-emΩ I\\o-™p.'' Idp-Ø-Ω-bpsS D≈n¬ Xßn-\\n∂ Cu¿jy ]pdØp NmSn: \"\"a\\pjvtjsc ]‰o-®mev IS-em-Ωbv°v tZjvj-y-an-teym?'' N°n Idp-Ø-Ω- bpsS apJ-Øp t\\m°n. Ahƒ Iq™n-bn-√. XpS¿∂p tNmZn-°m≥ C\\n-bp-ap- ≠v. \"\"G¥n\\m AΩm®n, B ]mhm-Øns\\ ]‰o®p ht≈mw htew? AXp IjvSam.'' \"\"F∂XmSo, \\o ]td-WXv? ]‰os®t∂m?'' Xs‚StØmsS Idp-ØΩ ]d-™p: \"\"AsX.'' \"\"Bcv?'' Idp-Ø-Ω-bpsS \\n»-_vZX AXn-\\p≈ DØ-c-am-bn-cp-∂p. N°n ]d-™p: \"\"Hutk-∏n-t\\mSv taSo®mev ht≈mw htew AømsS- bmIpw.'' \"\"AX-√-Ωm®n, Hutk-∏n-t\\mSv taSn-®mev Imipw ]entiw Xnco®p sImSp-°mWw.'' \"\"CuXp sImSp-°-m≠tbm?'' Idp-ØΩ ]d-™p: \"\"CXv˛-C-Xv˛ Xncn-®p-sIm-Sp-°m-s\\-s°m-≠mtWm taSo®Xv?'' N°n-bpsS apJ-tØ-s°dn™ Hcp tNmZ-y-am-bn-cp-∂Xv. sNΩo≥ (XIgn) `mjm-t`-Z-߃ kmln-Xy-c-N-\\-Isf IqSp-X¬ Bkzm-Zy-am-°p∂p. sNΩo≥, c≠n-S- ßgn F∂o t\\mh¬`m-K-߃ ]cn-tim-[n®v Cu {]kvXm-h-\\ hne-bn-cpØn Ipdn∏p Xbmdm°pI. 14

PohnXw ]S¿Øp∂ thcp-Iƒ ASn-ÿm\\ ]mTm-hen Hmtcm hnfnbpw ImØv ]pXnb Ah-ÿ-bp-ambn AΩ ]Xp-s°-∏-Xps° CW- ßn-h-cp-∂p. A—≥ C√mØ ho´n¬ AΩ Fßs\\ H‰bv°p Xma-kn-°p-sa-∂-Xmbncp∂p aIs‚ t]Sn. C{Xbpw Imew A—s‚ Hmtcm hnfn°p ]n∂m-sebpw AΩ HmSp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. apdn-°-I-Øp-h-t®m ]d-ºns‚ GsX-¶nepw aqe-bn¬ht®m Bbn-cn°pw hfsc A{]-Xo- £n-X-ambn A—s‚ hnfn D≠m-hp-I. AtX \\nan-j-Øn¬ AΩb- psS adp]- Sn D≠mb- ns- √¶- n¬ A—≥ tIm]ws- Im≠p XpSp-°pw. AΩ Hcn-°epw AXn\\v CS-sIm-Sp°mdn√. A—≥ hnfn-®n-s√-¶n¬t∏m-epw, shdpsX Hcp i_vZw tI´m¬ aXn, AXn\\p adp-hnfn sImSp-°pI F∂p-≈Xpw AΩ-bpsS ioe-am-bn -am-dn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. hnfn°- m\\pw Bcpan√mØ ho´n¬ AΩsb X\\n®- m°n t]mhp-∂-Xn¬ aI\\v \\t∂ hnj-a-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. A—s‚ 15

a]Øv ebmfw acW- A- S- nb- ¥- nc- ß- fpw Ign™p \\Kc- Ø- n- Ifpw sh◊-bm¿∂ Npa-cp-Ifpw henb P\\- te°p t]mhp-tºmƒ hnfn-°m-\\m-™- ep-Ifpw hmXn-ep-I-fp-sa√mw Ds≠- XmWv. At∏mƒ hcn-s√∂v Adn-bm-am-bn- ¶n¬t∏mepw CsXmcp hoSm-hp-∂n-√. cp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v H∂pw ]d-™n-√. hoSns‚ A]q¿WX AΩbv°v Hcn-°epw km¥z\\-am-hp-I-bn-√. \"\"cm{Xn h∂p InS-°m≥th≠n B Ip´n- tbmSp ]d-™n-´p-≠v.'' kzbw Biz-kn-∏n- InS-∏n-em-bn-cp-∂-t∏mƒt]mepw, hoSns‚ °m≥th≠n aI≥ ]d-™p. Hmtcm Imcy-Ønepw A—≥ Gsd {i≤n-®n- cp-∂p. I∂n-∏m-SØv shbn-ens‚ then-tb- \"\"AsXm∂pw kmtcm√- . \\o s]mbvt°m. ‰-ßfpw Iap-In≥ tXm´-ß-fn-eqsS cm{Xn-Im- sshIymev _ v sX‰pw''. ZpxJw ]pdØ- p- eØv ]d-∂p-t]m-Ip∂ hmh-ep-I-fpsS Nnd- {]I- S- n∏- n®- nc- p∂- ns- √¶- nepw AΩb- psS a\\ v I-Sn-sbm-®bpw InS-∂p-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ A—≥ I\\Ø- pI- nS- °- pI- b- ms- W∂v aI\\p tXm∂n. Adn-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. H‰s- ∏S- e- ns‚ Ahÿ- b- n¬ AΩ IqSpX- ¬ Kuc-h-°m-cn-bmbn amdn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Ipf-Øns‚ Ingt° `mK-Øp≈ Ihp- ßn¬ ASbv° ]gp-Øn-cn-°p-∂p. Ip∂n≥ A—s‚ ac-W-tØmSpIqSn ho´n¬\\n∂v ]p-d-Øp≈ sXßn¬ tXß hc-≠n-cn-°p- Fs¥-√mtam tNm¿∂pt]mb-Xp-t]m-se. ∂p. I∂ns- \\√- n\\v then sI´m≥ kab- a- mbn. Hcp\\mƒ \\n\\-®n-cn-°msX Hcp-]mSp t]¿ hc-ºn-te°p Nm™p-In-S-°p∂ IXn-cn¬ Chn-sS-\\n∂v Cd-ßn-t∏m-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Nhn´n AXm Btcm \\S∂p t]mIp-∂p. GtXm Zni-bn¬\\n∂v ASn-s®-Ønb Im‰n¬ i_vZ-ß-fpsS Icn-bn-e-Iƒ s]mcp-fn-√mØ kwkm-c-sa∂v BZyw A∏msS ]mdn-t∏m-bn-cn-°p-∂p. A—s‚ tXm∂mw. ]t£, sN∂p t\\m°p-tºmƒ i_vZhpw km∂n-[y-hp-am-bn-cp∂p hoSv. Adnbmw, a\\- ns‚ ¢mhp-]n-Sn® IÆm-Sn- Ct∏mƒ CsXmcp hoS-√. \\o≠ hcm-¥- bn-eqsS A—≥ I≠-sX√mw icn-bm-bn-cp- 16

PohnXw ]S¿Øp∂ thcp-Iƒ ∂p-sh-∂v. Ipf-Øn\\v Ing-°p-`m-K-Øp≈ bn¬\\n∂v Fs¥-¶n-ep-sam∂p tIƒ- ASn-ÿm\\ Ihp-ßn\\p Iosg hmh-ep-Iƒ ISn-®o-ºnb °m≥ th-≠n-bm-hWw A—≥ ]cn-`-h- ]mTm-hen ]gpØ AS-bv°-Iƒ [mcmfw NnX-dn-°nS- Øns‚ sI´-gn-°p-∂-sX∂pw aI\\p °p∂- p. Ip∂n≥]pdØ- p≈ ]dº- n¬ hc≠ tXm∂n-bn-cp-∂p. tXß hoWp-In-S-°p-∂p. then-sI-´m-Ø-Xp- Im-cWw hc-ºn-te°p Nm™v s\\√n≥Ip- A—≥ t]mb-tXm-Sp-IqSn h√-t∏m-gp- e-I-fn¬ Nhn´n Ip´n-Iƒ kvIqfn-te°p sam∂p ISp-∏n®p kwkm-cn-°m-\\p≈ t]mbn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. Ah-kcw AΩbv°p \\jvS-s∏-´p. Xnan- c-∏-S¿∏p-Iƒ \\nd™ IÆp-Iƒ NnΩm apdn-bn¬ InS-∂p-sIm≠v A—-s\\-ßs\\ sX Dd-s°m-gn-°m≥ C\\n Bcm-Wp-≈- CsX√mw a\\- n-em-°p∂p? \"\"Hm¿°v sX∂ \\ncm-im-t_m[w AΩ-bn¬. tX CsX√mw ImWm≥ GtSw t]mtWm-∂n√. ™p-Xo¿∂ Im¬ap-´p-I-fnse thZ-\\bpw BS sIS∂- me- d- nbmw Im‰v Ftßm´m ASn- Xmßn apdn-bn-eqsS A®mepw ap®mepw °p-∂-sX-∂v'' ˛DΩ-d-t°m-em-bn¬ Ccp∂v \\S-t°-≠-Xn-√t√m F∂ Jn∂-Xbpw IWm-c≥ ]d-bp∂p. hf-sc-°m-e-ambn ]d- AΩ-bn-ep-≠v. A—≥ InS-∂n-cp∂ apdn ºnse Inf∏-Wnbpw hb-ense DgpØpw iq\\ya- mb- t- XmsS AΩ ]et- ∏mgpw au\\- \\S-Øp-∂Xv IWm-c-\\m-Wv. A—\\v Akp- Øn-te°v Cd-ßn-t∏m-hp-∂p. J-am-b-Xn¬∏ns∂ ho´nse Imcy-߃ A[n-Ihpw t\\m°p-∂Xpw AbmƒX-s∂. A—s‚ hnfn-Iƒ°p ]n∂mse t]mhp-tºmƒ GX-h-ÿ-bnepw AΩ InS-∂n-S-Øp-\\n∂v A—≥ tNmZn-°p∂ sNdp-∏-Øn-te°p aS-ßp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. F√m tNmZy-߃°pw AΩ adp-]Sn Hcp hnfn-°p-th≠n F∂pw ImtXm¿ \\¬Ipw; \\n¿tZ-i-߃ A\\p-k-cn-°pw. °p∂ AΩ, Ct∏mƒ AXn-√m-Xm-b-tXm- F¶nepw tNmZyhpw \\n¿tZ-ihpw Ak-ly- Sp-IqSn s]mSp-∂s\\ hm¿[-Iy-Øns‚ am-Ip∂ Nne kμ¿`-ß-fn¬ AΩ s]m´n- \\n -lm-b-X-bn-te°v AΩ hgpXn sØ-dn-°m-dp-≠v. A—-t\\m-S-√, kz¥w hoW-Xp-t]mse. hoSns‚ \\n»-_vZ-X- hymIp-e-X-Iƒ H∂p-ds° ]d-™p-sIm- bn¬ X\\n®- mh- pt- ºmƒ AΩb- psS a\\ v ≠p≈ ]cn-`hw. Ft∏msg¶nepw AΩ- C\\nbpw apt∂m´p t]mIpw. Pc _m[n® bpsS adp-]-Sn°v A¬∏w Ime-Xm-akw ka-b-sØ-°p-dn®v AΩ Hm¿°pw. GIm- D≠m-bm¬ A—≥ ]d-bm≥ XpS-ßpw: ¥-XbpsS Xpcp-Øp-Iƒ AΩbv°v Hcn- °epw hn{im-¥n-bpsS CS-th-f-bm-Im \"\"F\\o∏w Fs∂-s°m≠v H∂pw dn√. AXp-sIm-≠mWv \\K-c-Øn-te°p høm∂v s\\\\°v tXm∂n, At√? Bbn- aS-ßp-tºmƒ Hcn-°¬ aI≥ AΩsb t°m, Bbnt°m, CsXms° D≠m-°n-Ø- hnfn-®-Xv. cm≥ F\\n°v Ibv™-t√m. AtXm¿Øm aXn.'' \"\"ChnsS AΩsb X\\n®p \\n¿Øn- bn´v Rms\\-ß\\ym t]mΔm.'' \"\"IÆp-Im-Wm-Xm-bn´pw \\S-°m≥ ]‰m- Xm-bn´pw \\nßfv hnfn-°p-t∂-SØpw \"\"AtXm¿Øv ™v shj-an-t°-≠. ]td∂-SØpw Rm≥ FØp-∂p-≠-t√m. Rm\\n-hnsS H‰-bv°m-sW∂v F\\n°p AXp Xs∂ hey- Imcyw!'' tXm∂o-´n√.'' A{X hnjaw tXm∂n-bmte AΩ \"\"AXp ]d-™-Xp-sIm-≠m-bn-√t√m. adpØp ]d-bq. AΩ kwkm-cn®p XpS-ßn- F\\n-s°mcp kam-[m\\w tht≠? F√m bm¬ ]ns∂ A—≥ \\n»-_vZ-\\m-hpw. AΩ- BgvNbpw C{Xbpw Zqcw bm{Xs- NbvXv...'' 17

a]Øv ebmfw \"\"Rm≥IqSn t]mbmev hoSpw ]dºp \\p≈ kab- a- mb- mev Ifws- I´- m\\pw ad°- ≠- . sams° Bcm t\\m°zm?'' A—≥ CsXm At∂cw Rm≥ hcmw.'' s° Fß\\ym t\\m°o-cp-∂-sX∂v s\\\\-°- dym-tem.'' \\K-c-Øn-te°p hcp-∂-Xn¬ AΩ am\\- kn-I-ambn Xbm-sd-SpØp ImWp-∂-Xn¬ \"\"AsXms° icnbmWv. AΩbv°v aI\\p kt¥mjw tXm∂n. AXph- sc AXm- hømsX InS∂- m¬ ]ns∂ Bcm CsXms° bn-cp∂p t]Sn. \\n¿_-‘n®v AΩsb Hcn- t\\m°zm? hoSv \\Ω°v hmS-Ibv°p sImSp- °epw \\K-c-Øn-te°p hnfn-°-cp-Xv. hnfn- °mw. F∂m¬ NoØ-bm-hn-√. as‰√mw ®m¬ hcp-am-bn-cn-°pw. ]t£, Xncn®p IWm-cs\\ G¬∏n-°mw. Hm\\Xp \\∂mbn t]mtI≠ Nn¥b- ne- mb- nc- n°pw F∂pw AΩ. t\\m°ptIw sNøpw.'' F√m-hcpw t]mbn-°-gn-™-t∏mƒ \\K-c- \"\"GXm-bmepw hmhp Ign-bs´.'' Ønse hnti-j-߃ Xnc-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p AΩ. Ip´n-bpsS Ic-®n¬ At∏m-tg°pw hmhp Ign™p \\K-c-Øn-te°p Xncn-°p- amdn-bn-cp-∂p. AhnsS GtXm ac-s°m-ºn- tºmƒ AΩbpw IqsS hcm-sa∂v Gd-°ptd en-cp∂v Iqa≥ aqfn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. kΩ-Xn-®p. hmhn‚∂p ImeØv _en-bp-≠v. AXn\\p adp-]-Sn-sb-t∂mWw as‰tßm AXp Ign™p cm{XnsImSp-°; ]tc-Xm-flm- AtX Xc-Øn-ep≈ as‰mcp aqf-epw. Ip´n °-fpsS hni∏pw Zmlhpw AS-°m≥ AXp {i≤n-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Ipkr-Xn-sb- th-≠n-bp≈ {Inb. sXt°apdn-bn¬ \\nc- t∂mWw Ah\\pw AsXm-∏n®p aqfm≥ XpS- Øn-h-®n-´p≈ ]oT-߃°p apI-fn¬ \\m°n- ßn. At∏mƒ AΩ tNmZn-®p: \"\"s\\s‚ ho´n- e-Iƒ. AXn¬ ]e-lm-c-߃ \\nd-bv°p-∂p. encp-∂m¬ Iqa≥ aqfp∂ H® tIt°m sXm´-SpØp aqSpsNØnbn´p≈ Cf-\\o-cpw. \\oøv?'' acn-®-h¿°v Zml-P-e-ambn Cf-\\o¿ am{X GtXm hnjm-Z-kz-c-Øn¬ Ah≥ ]d- ta apdn-bn¬ hbv°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-≈q. ™p: C{]m-hiyw Hcp-•mkv Im∏nIqSn AΩ apdn- bn-se-Øn-®p. \"\"C√-—-tΩ. H∂pw tI°n-√. Sohns‚ H® am{Xta tI°m≥ ]‰q.'' \"\"A—\\v Cf\\- oc- nt- \\°- mf- njvSw Im∏nb- m.'' \"\"\\√ sht≈m-√, \\nem-hq-√, Iqas‚ AΩ Hm¿Ω-s∏-Sp-Øn. Ht®w C√. ]ns∂ F¥m BsS D≈Xv?'' AΩ Xam-i-tbmsS tNmZn-®p. sImSp-Øp-I-gn™ ]e-lm-c-߃ ]pd- tØs- °S- pØv AΩ DΩd- Ø- p- hnf- º- n. IWm- ka-b-tasd Ign-™-t∏mƒ ss]°-®-h-S- c\\v ]pdta, Ab¬°m-cmb NmØp-h-®\\pw °m-cs\\ I≠ IY ]d-™p-Xp-Sßn AΩ. Aºphpw Ipdp∏pa- p≠- mb- nc- p∂p Ign°- ph- m≥. ao≥ hmßm≥th≠n tImWn°¬ \\n¬°p- A—-\\p-≈-t∏mgpw Chsc hnfn-°pam-bn- tºmƒ AXp-hgn h∂ ss]°-®-h-S-°m-c≥ cp∂p. ]mXns- ]mf- n™p \\n¬°p∂ aqSpa- m‰n tNmZn®p: \"\"aq∏s- ct- ßm´- p- t]mbn?'' A—t- \\m- Cf-\\o¿ •mkn-te-s°m-gn-°p-tºmƒ AΩ sSm∂- n®v Iptd\\- mƒ I®h- Sw \\SØ- nb- nc- p∂ ]d™p: Bfmb- nc- p∂p AXv. Bhgn h∂m¬ Ft∏m gpw ho´n¬ Ib-dmsX t]mhp-I-bp-an-√. \"\"ImesØ _ n\\- pXs∂ Rmfv t]mhpw. Ct∏mƒ \\t∂ Xnc-°n-em-Wv. ho´n¬ Ib- F√m-cptSw Hcp IÆv Ctßm-s´m∂p≠mI- dm≥ ka-b-an-s√∂v Abmƒ Adn-bn-®p. tW. \\√ Bƒ°m-cm-sc-¶nepw h∂m¬ hoSv tNmZy-Øn\\p adp-]-Sn-bmbn ]d-™p: hmS-Ibv°p sImSp-°m\\m hnNm-cn-°p-∂-Xv. AXp-hsc IWm-c≥ t\\m°-s´. sImøm- 18

PohnXw ]S¿Øp∂ thcp-Iƒ \"\"aq∏cp t]mbn.'' t\\cw ]pe¿∂n´pw AΩ Fgp-t∂- ASn-ÿm\\ ¬°m-\\p≈ `mh-Øn-e-√m-bn-cp-∂p. ]mTm-hen \"\"aSßn h∂mev aWn-bq-cn∂p h∂ NmØp- Ipf-°-c-bnse Ihp-ßn¬\\n∂p s®-´ymcv At\\z-jn-s®∂p ]td-tW. aq∏cv hoW ]gp-°-S-bv°-Iƒ s]dp-°n- s]mtc-ep-≠m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ aS-ßn-h-cp∂ ka- sb-SpØv DΩ-d-Øp-h®v IWm-c≥ bØv H∂p apdp°n ]tg h¿Ømt\\mw ImØn-cn°p-∂p. ]d™p sImd-®p-t\\cw Ccn-°ym-cp-∂p.'' \"\"AtΩ, Fs¥mcp InS∏m CXv! \"\"Ct∏mgpw FtS°- qsS t]mW sNe¿ hnh- FWo-°p-∂nt√?'' cd- nb- msX tNmZn°- pw, aq∏s- ct- ßm´p t]mbn? Rm≥ ]dbpw t]mbo∂- v. t]mbn√- m∂v F\\n- AΩ AXp tIƒ°mØ `mh- °t√ Adnb- q.'' Øn¬ Ft¥m Btem-Nn®p InS- °p∂- p. AΩ s\\Sp-ho¿∏n-´p. cm{Xn sshIn-bn´pw Dd-ßm-\\p≈ `mh-Øn-em-bn-cp-∂n√ AΩ. apdn- \"\"C∂n\\n _ v In´q∂p °-I-Øp-\\n∂v Fs¥-√mtam FSp-Øp- hbv-°p- tXm∂p-∂n-√.'' aI≥ XnSp-°w- Ibpw Xcw Xncn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Fhn- Im´- n. aIs‚ At\\zj- Ww ho≠pw sS-sb-¶nepw t]mIm≥ ]pd-s∏-´m¬ AΩ Db¿∂ph∂-t∏mƒ GtXm temI- F∂pw Cß-s\\-bm-Wv. F√mw AX-Xns‚ Øn¬\\n∂v Cd-ßn-h∂n-s´-∂- ÿm\\Øv IrXy-ambn ASp-°n-hbv-°pw. t]mse AΩ tNmZn®p: Xr]vXn-bm-Ip-∂-Xp-hsc AΩ AXv XpS-cpw. A¬∏w Ign™ t∏mƒ aI≥ Hm¿Ωn-∏n®p: \"\"Rms\\-ß\\ym tamt\\ hczm? A—≥ Fs∂ Ft∏mgpw hnfn-t®m- \"\"Ddß- nt- °mfq, AtΩ. ImeØv Fgpt- ∂‰p ≠n-cn-°p-Ibm. C∂tew hnfn-®p. t]mtI-≠-Xt√?'' hnfn-°pºw Rm\\n-hnsS C√m∂v sh®m¬...'' ]pe¿®bv°v IWmc≥ hcpw. Xmt°m¬ Abm-fpsS ssIbn¬ G¬∏n-°-Ww. F∂m¬ Hmtcm hnfnbpw ImØv (bp.sI. Ipam-c≥) 19

a]Øv ebmfw  \"\"Ct∏mƒ CsXmcp hoS√. \\o≠ hcm-¥-Ifpw sh◊-bm¿∂ Npa-cp-Ifpw henb P\\- ep-Ifpw hmXn-ep-I-fp-sa√mw Ds≠-¶n¬t∏mepw CsXmcp hoSm-hp-∂n-√.'' ˛- IY hniI- e- \\w sNbvXv hoSns- \\°- pd- n®- p≈ IYmI- rØ- ns‚ k¶¬∏w N¿®sNøpI.  A—s‚ hnfn-°p-th-≠n- Im-Øn-cn-°p∂ AΩ Hcp {]Xo-I-amtWm? IY hni-I-e\\w sNbvXv kzm`n-{]mbw FgpXp-I.  A—s‚ kz`m-h-k-hn-ti-j-X-Iƒ, IY-bnse ÿm\\w F∂nh hy‡-am-hp∂ kμ¿`- ߃ Is≠Øn IYm-]m{X\\ncq-]Ww Xbm-dm-°p-I.  $ \"\"Rms\\-ß\\ym tamt\\ hczm, A—≥ Ft∏mgpw Fs∂ hnfn-t®m-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm. C∂tew hnfn-®p. hnfn-°p-ºw Rm\\n-hnsS C√m∂v sh®m¬...'' $ \"\"C∏gpw FtS-°qsS t]mW sNe¿ hnh-c-a-dn-bmsX tNmZn°pw ˛ aq∏-sc-tßm´p t]mbn? Rm≥ ]d-bpw, t]mbo-∂v. t]mbn-√m∂v F\\n-°t√ Adnbq.'' AΩ-bpsS CØcw hm°pIƒ IYbv°v \\¬Ip∂ `mh-`wKn Is≠Øn Ah-X-cn-∏n-°pI.  I∂n-bnse s\\√v ˛ I∂n-s\\√v \\m°p-t]m-ep≈ Ce-Iƒ ˛ \\m°n-e-Iƒ Imens‚ ap´v ˛ A]-cm[w sNbvXp F∂ t_m[w ˛ XosIm≠v HmSp∂ h≠n ˛ ]Z-߃ IqSn-t®¿∂v ]pXnb ]Z-߃ cq]-s∏-Sp∂ Nne coXn-Iƒ ]cn-N-b-s∏-´-t√m. Hmtcm ]Z-t®-cp-h-bnepw (ka-kvX-]-Zw) LSI]Z-߃°p hcp∂ am‰w Is≠-Øq. ]Z-ß-fpsS kam-k-Øn-eqsS A¿Y-Øn-\\p-≠m-Ip∂ ZrV-X, sshhn[yw F∂nh kw_- ‘n® Ipdn∏v Xbm-dm-°q.  IYb- c- ßv kvt\\l_‘w {]ta-b-ambn hcp∂ IY-Iƒ tiJ-cn®v IY-b-cßv kwL-Sn-∏n-°p-I. 20

PohnXw ]S¿Øp∂ thcp-Iƒ AASSn-ÿmm\\\\ ]]mmT- m-heenn ]n≥ko-‰n-se-{Xbv°p t\\sc-bn-cp-Øo´p˛ tamcw Ncn™p aS-ßn-bn-cp-∂Ω. \\oc‰p h‰nhc≠ ssI®p-≈n-Iƒ \\ocmsX amtdmSv tN¿Øp-h-®n-´p-≠v. Ftßm-´p-t]m-Ip-∂p-sh∂p tNmZn-®n-√, F¥n-s\\∂pw; ]t£ IÆp-Iƒ, IÆp-Iƒ aßn-∏-g-Inb ]n™mWh¿W-ambv ]mSbpw ]ofbpw aqSnb IÆp-Iƒ Gsd-∏-Wn-s∏-´-S®p Xpd-∂-h¿. Ct∏mƒ hnP-\\-ambo sXcp-ho-Yn-Iƒ. BIm-i-tKm-]p-c-߃°p Xmg-Øh \\mtf-°p-th≠n Dd-ßm≥ {ian-°p-∂p. Cs∏cpw amfns‚ (Cs∏-cp-am-fns‚?) sXm´-Sp-Øm-bn-´n-d-°n-bm-se-t∂m¿Øp. s]‰p-In-S°pw sXcp-hp-]-´n-s°-s¥m˛ cq‰w, Ipc-®Xv NmSn-°p-Xn-°p-∂p. Pn√m-ip-]-{Xn-°-cn-In-sem-tc-sbmcp cm°-S-am{Xw Dd-°-®-S-hp-am-bv c≠p-aq-∂m-fp-I-fp-s≠-¶n-epw, ]n∂n˛ ep≠v, Hgnhp I\\-sØm-cn-cp-fn-Sw. ]t£, ]Sn-I-fn-set¥m XS™pt]mbv. ]≠v ]\\n-®Xpw AΩ-sb-Sp-ØpsIm˛ ≠∏-Sn-tbm-tcm∂p tIdn-°n-X-®Xpw A∂sØ kqNn-{]-tbm-K-Øn≥ \\o‰¬ t]m˛ sem∂v a\\- n-eq-S-t∏mƒ IS∂pt]mbv. ]ns∂bpw apt∂m´v, sh´-an-√m-fn√ Ip´n-tb-Im¥X IÆp-s]m-Øn-°-fn˛ °p∂ hnZym-ebap‰-ap-s≠-m∂n-\\n s]m´n-°-c-™pw iTn-®pw, IpX-dn-bp˛ saØn-bXpw D®-bm-thm-f-a-Ω-bm˛ Np‰paXn-en≥ ]pd-Ø∂p \\n∂Xpw N¶n¬ Ic-®n¬ Ipcp-ßn-∏n-S-™-Xpw... ]n®n-b-Xmcv Icn-s™m-cn-ss°-Itfm AΩs- Øm´- n¬ s]s´∂p hml\\w apt∂m´p t]mI-bmbv. Fßn\\n sIm≠n-d-t°≠p kzbw _p≤n˛ sI´p Icn-¥n-cn-bmfpw hsc-b-h¿ Hs∂s∂ sIm≠pt]mbn-tS-W-sa-∂p≈ 2211

a]Øv ebmfw iey-s∏-Sp-ج {]Xn-jvTn® tImhn-en¬? BcmWp ap∂n¬, ]pd-tØ-°-im-¥-\\m˛ boiz-c≥ Ims‰m∂p sIm≈m-\\n-d-ßntbm? Gsd-Ø-Wp-°p-∂p, Nn√p-b¿ØoSp-sºm˛ tfm¿Øp, Icn-ºSw, AΩ-h-b-‰Øp ]‰n-°n-S-°p∂ NqSv, apjn-hp-ambv Ims®Æ tNcp∂ K‘w, ]pe¿®-bn˛ teme-s°m-Sn-Iƒ ]pI-bp-∂-Xn≥ aWw. H∂n\\pw sIm≈-cp-Xm-Ø-h-s\\-∂-hƒ C∂pw ]gn ]d-t™-°pw, aS-ßmsX hø, Xe-bv°-I-sØt¥m s]cp-°p-∂p. sas√-Øn-cn-s™m∂p t\\m°n, ]nd-Inse ko‰n-ep-≠Ω he-tØm´p ]q¿W-ambv Nm™v, aSßn ab-ßn-°n-S-°p-∂p. ]of-b-Sn™v \\ndw t]mb IÆp-I˛ sft¥-b-S-bv°msXh®Ω \\n¿Zbw? d^o°v Al-ΩZv 22

PohnXw ]S¿Øp∂ thcp-Iƒ ASn-ÿm\\ ]mTm-hen  Ihn-Xbv°v DNn-X-amb CuWw Is≠Øn Ah-X-cn-∏n-°q.  IhnX-bn¬ AΩ-bpsS IÆp-Isf \"aßn∏-g-Inb ]n™mWh¿W-ambn' F∂p hnti-jn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv F¥p-sIm-≠mhmw? N¿®sNøp-I.  \"\"s]‰p-In-S°pw sXcp-hp-]-´n-s°s¥m-˛ cq‰w, Ipc-®Xp NmSn-°pXn-°p∂p'' Cu hcn-Iƒ Db¿Øp∂ hna¿i\\w hni-I-e\\w sNbvXv \\nß-fpsS \\nco-£-W- ߃ Fgp-Xp-I.  AΩbvs°¥v kw`-hn-®n-´p-≠mhmw? \\nß-fpsS \\nK-a-\\-߃ ka¿Yn-°m-\\p≈ kqN-\\-Iƒ Imhy-`m-K-Øp-\\n∂p Is≠-Øn- hn-i-Zo-I-cn-°p-I.  \"\"Fßn\\n sIm≠n-d-t°-≠p- kzbw _p≤n˛ sI´p- I-cn-¥n-cn-bmfpw hsc-b-h¿ Hs∂s∂ sIm≠p-t]m-bntS-W-sa-∂p≈ iey-s∏-Sp-ج {]Xn-jvTn® tImhn-en¬?'' \"\"ka-Im-enIkaq-l-Ønse a\\p-jy-Xz-c-ln-X-amb at\\m-`m-h-ß-tfm-Sp≈ AXn- i-‡-amb {]Xn-I-c-W-amWv \"AΩ-sØm-´n¬.'' Cu {]kvXm-h-\\-bpsS shfn-®- Øn¬ Ihn-Xbv°v Bkzm-Z\\w Xbm-dm-°p-I.  ImgvN-Iƒ, Hm¿Ω-Iƒ, K‘-߃, Ah-ÿ-Iƒ F∂n-h-bpsS at\\m-l-c-amb k∂n-thiw \"AΩ-sØm-´n¬' F∂ Ihn-X-bn¬ ImWmw. AØcw {]tXy-I-X- Iƒ ]´n-I-s∏-Sp-ØpI; khn-ti-j-X-Iƒ hy‡-am-°p-I. XpS¿∂v, Zriy-km-[y-X- Iƒ N¿®sNbvXv {lkz-kn-\\n-a-bv°p≈ Xnc-°Y Xbm-dm-°p-I. 23

a]Øv ebmfw ]q¿W-ambn `mKn-I-ambn Rm≥ Fs∂-°p-dn®v A¬∏w Bkzm-Z-\\-°p-dn∏v am{Xw $ ka-Im-enIIhn-X-I-fnse {]ta-bw, BJym-\\-coXn F∂nhbpsS khn-ti-j-X-Iƒ Is≠-Øm-\\m-bn-´p-≠v. $ Ihn-X-bnse Na-¬°mcw, khn-ti-j-{]-tbm-K-߃ F∂nh hni-I-e\\w sNøm≥ Ign-™n-´p-≠v. $ kam\\mi-b-ap≈ Ihn-X-Iƒ hmbn®v Xmc-Xayw sNbvXv Ah- X-cn-∏n-°m-\\m-bn-´p-≠v. $ BI¿jIamb `mj-bn¬ (]-Z-߃, ssienIƒ, {]tbm-K- ߃) Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. IYb- c- ßv $ hnj-b-hp-ambn _‘-s∏´v DNn-X-amb IY Is≠-Øm≥ Ign-™n-´p-≠v. $ IY `mhm-fl-I-ambn i_vZ-hn-\\ym-kw ]men-®v, DNn-X-amb \\n¿Ø-ep-I-tfmsS Ah-X-cn-∏n-°m≥ Ign-™n-´p-≠v. $ IYm-kzm-Z\\ N¿®-bn¬ Fs‚ A`n-{]m-b-߃ Ah-X-cn-∏n- °m≥ Ign-™n-´p≠v. $ Ah-X-cn-∏n® kam\\IY-I-fpsS {]k-‡n, {]ta-bw, khn-ti- j-X-Iƒ F∂nh kμ¿t`m-NnXw Ah-X-cn-∏n-°m≥ km[n-®n- ´p-≠v. D]-\\ymkw $ hnj-b-hp-ambn _‘-s∏´ Bi-b-߃ hmbn®pw N¿® sNbvXpw a‰pw a\\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-™n-´p-≠v. $ {]k-‡-amb Bi-b-߃ {Iao-I-cn®v Ah-X-cn-∏n-°m≥ Ign-™n-´p-≠v. $ LS\\ (BapJw, hf¿®, Jfin-Im-I-c-Ww, D]-kwlm-cw) ]men®v Fgp-Xm≥ Ign-™n-´p≠v. 24

PohnXw ]S¿Øp∂ thcp-Iƒ ASn-ÿm\\ ]mTm-hen XIgn inh-i-¶-c-∏n≈ Fgp-Øp-Imsc Adn-bpI (1912 ˛ 1999) ⁄m\\]- oT- ]- pc- k- vImcw t\\Snb t\\mhe- nÃ- v. Be∏- pg Pn√b- nse XI-gn-bn¬ P\\n-®p. h°o-em-bn-cp-∂p. Ip´-\\m-Sns‚ IYm-Im-c≥. am\\-kn-Im-]-{K-Y-\\-Øn-eq-∂nb sNdp-I-Y-I-sf-gp-Xn. kaq-l- Ønse hnhn[ Xe-ß-fn-se a\\p-jy-cpsS PohnXw {]ta-b-am°n t\\mhe- pI- s- fg- pX- n. Xncph- \\¥- ]- pc- sØ k¿°mc- pt- ZymK- ÿ- c- psS PohnXw \"GWn-∏-Sn-I-fn'epw Ip´-\\m-´nse I¿j-I-cpsS PohnXw I-b¿, c≠n-S-ßgn F∂o t\\mh-ep-I-fnepw a’y-sØm-gn-em-fn- I-fpsS PohnXw \"sNΩo-\\n'epw Be-∏p-g-∏-´-W-Ønse tXm´n-I-fpsS PohnXw \"tXm´n-bpsS aI≥' F∂ t\\mh-enepw At±lw Bhn-jvI-cn-®p. tXm‰n√ (\\mSIw), Fs‚ h°o¬ PohnXw (Hm¿Ω-°p-dn-∏pIƒ), tLmj-bm-{X, ASn-sbm-gp-°p-Iƒ, sXc-s™-SpØ IY-Iƒ (IY-Iƒ) XpS-ßn-bh-bmWv a‰p {][m-\\- Ir-Xn-Iƒ. tI{μ- ˛-tIcf km-lnXy- A-°m-Zan Ahm¿Up-Ifpw e`n-®n-´p-≠v. bp.sI. Ipam-c≥ 1950˛ ¬ tImgn-t°mSv Pn√-bnse ]tømfn-bn¬ P\\n-®p. t\\mh-en- Ãv, sNdp-I-Ym-Ir-Øv, ]{X-{]-h¿ØI≥. tIcf kmlnXy A°m- Zan ]pc-kvIm-cw, _jo¿ Ahm¿Uv, Fkv.-sI. s]ms‰-°m´v Ahm¿Uv, A∏≥ Xºp-cm≥ ]pc-kvImcw F∂nh e`n-®p. {][m\\ IrXnIƒ ]pXnb Ccn-∏n-S-߃. aSpØ Ifn, AS-bm-f-߃ h∂psIm≠n- cn-°p-∂p, A—≥ Dd-ßp-∂n-√, H‰-bvs°mcp kv{Xo HmSp-∂-Xns‚ cl-ky-sa¥v? hoSv kwkm-cn-°p-∂p, at[y-bn-ßs\\ ImWp∂ t\\c-Øv, aXn-{`-a-ß-fpsS Imew, IpSpw-_-ayq-knbw (sN-dp-I-Ym-k-am-lm-c-߃); X£≥Ip∂v kzcq-]w, H‰-hm-°n¬ Hcp Pohn-Xw, ImWp-∂-X√ ImgvN-Iƒ (t\\m-h¬) d^o°v Al-ΩZv ]pXp-X-e-ap-d-bnse {it≤-b-\\mb Ihn. 1961 ˛¬ Xriq¿ Pn√-bnse A°n-°m-hn¬ P\\n-®p. ]mc-º-cyhpw ]pXp-abpw Iq´n-t®¿Ø- XmWv cN-\\m-co-Xn. ]md-bn¬ ]Wn-™-Xv, kz]v\\-hm-Mvaq-ew, Bƒa-d, No´p-I-fn-°m¿, {Kma-hr-£-Ønse hΔm¬, inh-Iman, tXmcm-ag F∂n-h-bmWv IhnXm-k-am-lm-c-߃. Ne-®n-{X-Km-\\- c-N-bn-Xmhv F∂ \\ne-bnepw {]kn-≤-\\m-Wv. tIc-f- km-lnXy A°m-Zan Ahm¿Upw Ne-®n-{X-Km-\\-c-N-\\bv-°p≈ kwÿm\\ Ahm¿Upw e`n-®n-´p-≠v. 25

a]Øv ebmfw πmhn-e-°™n ˛ £an-°-Ø-°-X-√mØ ˛ Cf-°w, hnd-b¬ ]Z-tImiw A-£-¥-hy-amb ˛ IpSn¬ ˛ ]Ww IºnXw sIm´n¬ N{Iw Hmtcm hnfnbpw ImØv Aklyw ˛ kln-°m-\\m-hm-ØXv FtS-°qsS ˛ CS-h-gn-bn-eqsS Hm¿°v ˛ At±-l-Øn\\v I∂n-∏mSw ˛ B≠n-sem-cn-°¬ hnf-sh-Sp-°p∂ \\new tImWn-°¬ ˛ ]Sn-°¬ hn{im¥n ˛ hn{iaw AΩ-sØm-´n¬ ˛ IÆnse Agp°v ˛ cmPm-hv, A[o-i≥, {][m-\\n, {]`p ]of ˛ thZ\\ s]cp-amƒ \\o‰¬ 26

2 \\nemh- ps- ]ø- p∂ \\m´ph- g- nI- ƒ \\mSmbmepw ImSm-bmepw Ipgn-bm-bmepw Ip∂m-bmepw \\√-h¿ ]m¿°p-s∂-¶n¬ \\obpw \\t∂, hmgpI \\ne-ta... ˛ ]pd-\\m-\\qdv (HuΔbm¿) hnh¿Ø\\w : at\\mPv Ipdq¿ hcn-Ifn¬ Bhn-jvI-cn® Pohn-X-Z¿i-\\-tØmSp \\n߃ tbmPn-°p-∂pt≠m?

a]Øv ebmfw hr£-߃ ]e-Xp-s≠-¶nepw hr£-ß-fn¬ h®p hr£-am-bXv amhp-X-s∂-bm-Wv. amhp Xfn- cn-Sp-tºmƒ apX¬ \\m´p-ºp-dØv D’-h-am-Wv. {Kmao-Wm-¥-co£w amºq-hns‚ arZp-e-amb ]cn- afw sIm≠p \\ndb- pw. DÆn-am-ßm∏- c- phw apX¬ amhn≥Nph´- nse kZy Bcw`- n°- pI- b- mb- n. GXp ]cp-h-Øn-emWv amß Bkzm-Zy-a-√m-ØXv! ]®- amß A¬∏w D∏p-tN¿Øv Idp-apdm Idp-apdm Nh®p Xn∂m¬, IpØn-sbm-en-°p∂ Dan-\\o- cns‚ (sImXn) thKw sIm≠v AWI- ƒ tIm®n- t∏mIpw ˛ A{X ck-am-Wv. amß ]gpØp Ign- bp-tºm-gm-Wt√m ckw AXns‚ ]c-tam® \\ne {]m]n-°p-∂-Xv. ssIbn¬ hs®m∂p Ii°n Dudn-°p-Sn-®m-ep≈ AarXck-Øn\\p aosX ckw as‰m∂- n√. am{Xa- mtWm? amß°mew Ign- ™mepw Bt≠m-Sm≠p ]e cq]-t`-Z-ß-fn¬ \\mw amßmh®p kq£n®v Bkz-Zn-°p-∂p. AXns‚ A≠n∏c- n∏- pt- ]mepw Huj[- a- qe- ya- p≈ `£y-am-Wv. Xncn-™p-t\\m-°p-tºmƒ F{X-sb{X amhp- If- mWv Fs‚ Hm¿Ωb- n¬ h∂p \\nc∂p \\nc∂p \\n¬°p∂- Xv! AXm, BImiw DcpΩn Hcp amhp \\n¬°p∂- p. AXns\\ \"IpcpS- n®n' F∂mWp hnfn- °p-∂-Xv. Imcyw Fs¥t∂m? AXns‚ amß bv°v N°-°p-cp-hns‚ hep∏-an-√. Ip´n-Iƒ°p- t]mepw AW-bn¬ Cuc-s≠Æw CSmw. F∂m¬ Fs¥mcp \\qdpw a[p-c-hp-amWv! ]Øp \\m¬∏-Ø©p sIm√߃°-∏p-d-Øp-\\n∂v AXns‚ kzmZv \\m°ns‚ A‰Øp h∂p \\nd- bp∂- p. ImhpI- pf- ß- sc \\n∂ N°c- ®- nb- psS ]cn- afw Ct∏mgpw Hm¿°m≥ Ign-bpw. Aßs\\ ]e ]e amhp-Iƒ Ah-cpsS {]tXyI kzmZp-I-fp- ambn HmSn FØp-∂p. F∂m¬ \"sImXn-b-k-amPw' IqSn-bn-cp-∂Xv Rß-fpsS hI ap√-t»-cn¬ ]d-ºns‚ AXn- sIm®pN°-c®n 28

\\nem-hp-s]-øp∂ \\m´p-h-gn-Iƒ cn¬ \\n∂ i¿°-c-am-hns‚ Iogn-em-bn-cp-∂p. Np≈n-°-ºp-Iƒ hnd-Im°n A]mSTn-ÿm-hme\\n Db¿Ønb tlmam-·n-bn¬ amß\\ocv lhn- m°n R߃ \"AÆm≥ ]nd-∂mƒ' F∂ alm-b⁄w \\S-Øn-bn-cp-∂p. B tlma-[q]w amhns‚ Db- c-Øn¬ sN√p-tºmƒ amhv {]oXn-tbm-sS amß-s]m-gn®p Xcpw. hoW- am-ß- bpsS sR´n- \\p≈n \"DÆn C´m¬' ]Icw Hcp amß hogpw. AXns‚ Ah- Imin DÆn C´ Bƒ BWv. \"C°m‰pw Im‰-√˛ adp-Im‰pw Im‰-√-˛-am-th-en-°p- ∂sØ ]qhm-e≥ Imt‰, HmSnhm!' F∂v Bhm-ln-®m¬ hmbp`K-hm≥ h∂v hna-\\- mbn \\n¬°p∂ amhns‚ imJ-Isf De®v amß-Iƒ s]mgn®p Xcpw. \"AÆm≥ Ip™qt™, Im°°-gp-th-do.....' F∂n-ßs\\ CW-°nbpw ]nW- °nbpw Ah-sc-s°m≠p amß-Iƒ sImØn CSp-hn-°pw. Aßs\\ Fs¥√mw a{¥-X-{¥-߃ ˛ D]m-k-\\-Iƒ-˛-am-hn≥ Nph-´n¬ \\S-∂n-cp∂p! C∂p \"amß acw' ImWmØ Ip´n-Iƒ tIc-f-Øn¬ D≠m-hn-s√¶nepw C∏-d™ ]gb \"A]-cn-jvIrXa´p-Iƒ' Ah¿ Adn-bm-\\n-S-bn-√. amhn-t\\m-Sp≈ t{]aw \\m´n≥]pdsØ Ip´n-I-fn¬ am{X-a-√, Ihn-I-fnepw ImWmw. Ihn-I-fm-b-h-sc√mw \\m´n≥]pdsØ GsX-¶nepw \"sImXn-b -k-amP'Øn¬ AwK-߃ Bbn-cp-∂n-cn-°-Ww. A√m-bvIn-ept≠m tX\\q-dp∂ IhnX cNn-°m≥ Ah¿°p Ign-bp∂p! k¿h-hr-£-߃°pw aotX F∂p `mhn®p \\n¬°p∂ Aiz-∞-tam L\\kpK-‘n-bmb kz¿W-∏q-°ƒ hncn-bn®p \\n¬°p∂ sNº-I-tam kpc-`ne kz¿W-\\-£-{X-߃ ]q°p∂ Ce-™ntbm cPX\\£-{X-߃ NqSn-\\n¬°p∂ ]p∂-tbm-˛-s]m-∂-tim-Iw-t]m-eptam˛A√ Ihn`mh-\\sb G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ D±o-]vXhpw D∑-Øhpam°n-bn-´p-≈-Xv. B _lp-aXn amhn-\\p-X-s∂-bm-Wv. Ima-tZ-h≥ NqX-km-b-I-\\m-Ip-tºmƒ Aß- s\\-bt√ hcq? Iptd-°qsS t\\cv Cu Ihn-Iƒ Ah¿°v G‰hpw {]nb-s∏´ amºqhv HSn®v Imas‚ ssIbn¬ kmb-I-ambn sImSpØp F∂-Xm-bn-cn-°- Ww. ]qØn-cn- I-Øn-®-Xp-t]m-se-bp≈ amºq-°pe HSn®v Ipkr-Xn-°p-´-s\\- t∏mse IhnX- m¶- W- Ø- n¬ HmSns- bØ- nb sshtem∏- n≈- n, \"amºg'Øn¬°qsS D¬°-S-amb thZ-\\-bpsS am[pcyw ]I¿∂p X∂m-Wt√m \\ap°p {]nb¶-c- \\m-bn-Øo¿∂-Xv. *** NT-253-3-MALAYALAM-10-BT Cßs\\ `ph\\hnZn-X-amb amhns‚ hwi-Øn-emWv Rß-fpsS \"sIm®p N- °- c- ®n' h∂p ]nd∂- X- v. kXyw ]db- ma- t√m; sIm®pN- °- c- ®- nb- pa- mbn ASpØp ]cn-N-b-s∏-´Xpw kvt\\l-_‘w DZn-®Xpw `mKw Ign™v Rß-fpsS imJ Xd-hm´pho´n¬ ]m¿∏p-d-∏n-®-tXmsS am{X-am-bn-cp-∂p. imJ F∂p ]d-™m- epw, ^e-Øn¬ Xmakn°m≥ Rm\\pw AΩ-bpta D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-≈q. G‰hpw aqØ ktlm-Zcn ]p{Xo-k-taXw `¿ØrKr-l-Ønepw AXn-∂n-fb ktlm- Zcn hnZym`- ymk- m¿Yw FdW- mI- pf- Ø- pa- mb- nc- p∂- p. Aßs\\ h∂ptN¿∂ GIm- ¥X hr£-e-Xm-Zn-I-tfm-Sp≈ Iq´p-sI-´n\\p IqSp-X¬ t{]cI-am-bn. Xdh- m´- ph- o´- n¬ amhpI- ƒ ]eX- p≠- mb- nc- ps- ∂¶- nepw \"Ipet- {ij- vTI- ƒ' Bbn FÆn-bXp cs≠-Æ-Øn-s\\-bm-bn-cp-∂p˛ henbN°-c-®nbpw sIm®p- N-°c®nbpw. aqØ-hƒ henbN°-c-®n-bm-bn-cp-s∂-¶nepw sX°p]Sn-™mdp 29

a]Øv ebmfw amdn, ]d-ºn¬ Hgn-™mWv Ahƒ \\n∂n-cp-∂-Xv. sIm®p-N-°-c-®n-bm-h-s´, \\mep- sI-´n\\pw s\\¬∏p-cbv°pw at[y-bp≈ sXt°ap‰-Øv, ]Sn-™mdp \\oßn I‰- ∏p-c-bp-sSbpw tXßm-°q-´n-s‚bpw AXn¿Øn-bn¬ a[y-Ømbn \\o≠p-\\n-h¿∂v A[o-iz-cn-sb-t∏mse \\n∂n-cp-∂p. ap‰Øp Ingt° A‰-Øp-b¿∂p \\n¬°p∂ amfn-I-tbmSp kv]¿[n-°p∂ a´p-tXm∂pw I≠m¬. ]Sn-™mdp\\n∂p Ib-dn-h- cp∂ Hcmƒ°v Ccp-]m¿izhpw c≠p- t]SI-fm¬ A\\p-tk-hy-\\mbn \\n¬°p∂ abn-en-s\\-t∏mse Xe Db¿Øn \\n¬°p∂ ku[-in-ev]-Øn¬°qsS Xm≥ {]I-Sn-∏n-°p∂ [mSnbpw tamSnbpw ImWm≥ XS- -ap-≠m-°p∂p F∂ Ip‰w NpaØn \"]m´-Ønse A∏q-∏≥' Hcp Adp-]Xp sIm√w ap≥]v sIm®p-N-°-c- ®nsb sh´n\\o°m≥ Xp\\n-™-Xm-bn-cp-∂-t{X. th≠-s∏-´-h¿ Btcm Hs° CS-s]´v B AXym-lnXw XS-™p. B IY Ahƒs°mcp {]tXyI \"Acp-aØw' IqsS t\\Sn-s°m-Sp-Øp. F{Xtbm Xe-ap-d-Iƒ B hr≤apØ-»n- bpsS Im¬®p-h-´n-en-cp∂p a[pcw Xn∂p hf¿∂p hr≤-cmbn Ime-b-h-\\n-I- bv°∏- pdw ad™- nc- n°- p∂- p. \\mhp≠- mb- nc- ps- ∂¶- n¬ IpSpw_- Ø- ns‚ IY Ahƒ ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. 30

\\nem-hp-s]-øp∂ \\m´p-h-gn-Iƒ *** ASn-ÿm\\ ]mTm-hen R߃ Xdh- m´pho´n¬ Xmak- a- mb- X- n\\- pt- ijw ]WØ- ns‚ ap´ps- Im≠v H∂pc≠p {]mhiyw sIm®pN°-c-®n-bnse amß hn¬°m≥ AΩ {ian-®n- ´p-≠v. F∂m¬ kzbw NØpw amhns\\ ImØp c£n-®p-t]m∂ \\odp-Iƒ F∂ Nmth-‰p-]S sIm®p-N-°-c-®n-bn¬ Ib-dm≥ {ian-®-hsc F√mw tXm¬ ∏n®v HmSn®pIf-™p. hn¬°m-\\p-≈-X-√, Bfp-Iƒ°v H∂pw c≠pw s]dp-°n-Øn-∂m-\\p-≈-Xm-Wv Fs‚ amß F∂m-bn-cp∂p sIm®p-N-°-c-®n- bpsS \\ne. amß-bpsS Imcyw t]mI-s´. amhpXs∂ hmßm≥ Bfp-Iƒ hcm≥ XpS-ßn. bp≤-Im-e-am-b-tXmsS amhp-Iƒ°p hne-Iq-Sn. Ah-scbpw ]´mf- Ø- n¬ tN¿Ønc- p∂p F∂mWp tXm∂p∂- X- v. XmbvØS- nb- psS hÆhpw s]m°hpw imtJm-]-im-J-I-sf-s°m≠p ]mgm-bn-°-f-bmsX ]غ-XSn Db-c-Øn¬ \\n¬°p∂ sIm®p-N-°-c-®nsb ]´m-f-Øn¬ tN¿°p-∂-Xn\\v F¥p {- ]t- em`- \\- hpw D]t- bmK- n°- m≥ Xbmd- mbn BfpI- ƒ h∂nc- ps- ∂¶- nepw, ]W-Øn\\p ap´p-≠m-bn-cp-s∂-¶nepw Ah-sc√mw Xpc-Ø-s∏-´p. Cßs\\ Hs°bncn°- nepw AXp apdn®pI- f- b- W- s- a∂p Rm≥ hmZn°- m\\pw iTn-°m\\pw el-f-Iq-´m\\pw XpS-ßn. sIm®p-N-°-c-®n-bpsS CS-Xp-`m-K-Øm- bn, Xmsg\\n∂v F´p-]-ØSn Db-c-Øn¬ sXmen-s]m-fn™v XSn Po¿Wn-®n- cp-∂p. B B]Øv Fßs\\ kw`-hn®p F∂v C∂pw \\n›-b-an-√. CSn-an- ∂¬ Gin-b-Xm-hm-sa∂v Nne¿ Duln-®p. AXp i{Xp-°-fpsS t{Zml-hr- Øn-bmbn a‰p Nne¿ k¶¬∏n-®p. G‰hpw HSp-hn¬ {]_-e-ambn h∂n- ´p≈ A`n-{]mbw, XSn-°-®hS-°m¿ Btcm, sXt°-∏p-dØv Bcpw C√mØ X°w t\\m°n Xac- ph- ®p Xpf®- X- n¬\\n∂p h∂X- mh- ms- a∂- mW- v. tcmKt- lXp F¥p-am-I-s´, amc-I-amb tcmKw ]nSn-s]-´p. AXm-Wt√m KWn-°m-\\p-≈-Xv. NnIn-’n-°m\\pw c£n-°m-\\p-ap≈ hgn-Iƒ Bcm-™p. H∂pw I≠p-In-´n-bn- √. ]ns∂ t\\m°m-\\p-≈Xv Pohn-®n-cn-°p-∂-h-cpsS c£-bm-W-t√m. Ime- h¿j-°m‰ph∂v B™-Sn-®m¬ amhv HSn-™p-ho-gp-∂Xv \"Xmin-∏pc'bpsS- ta¬ BWv. Aßs\\ h∂m-esØ \\miw B¿°p Xmßm≥ Ignbpw? hogm-hp∂ Fhn-tS°p hoWmepw sI´n-S-߃ \\in-°m-Xn-cn-°m≥ hgn-bn- √. B \\nebv°v AXns\\ sh´p-I-b-√msX F¥p sNøpw? sh´msX hcp∂ A]-I-S-Øn\\v F¥p kam-[m\\w ]d-bm≥ Ignbpw? F¥v Bizmkw I≠p- ]n-Sn-°m≥ km[n°pw? CjvS-ap-≠m-bn-´-√, Npa-Xe BI-bm-emWv G‰hpw henb AXym-lnXw Hgn-hm-°m≥ B amhp apdn-°-W-sa∂p kI-e-bp-‡n- Ifpw D]-tbm-Kn®p Rm≥ hmZn-®-Xv. AΩ Hcp hmZhpw kΩ-Xn®p Xcm≥ `m-h-an-√. bp‡n D≈n-S-Øt√ bp‡n-hmZw ^en°q? ChnsS `‡nbpw hnizm-k-hp-am-Wv. \"\"sIm®p-N-°-c®n hogn-√, hoWmepw Ahƒ B]-Øp-h-cp- Øp-I-bn√'' F∂ H‰ Dd®\\ne-bm-bn-cp∂p AΩ-bv°v. *** Im‰pw agbpw hcp-tºm-sgms° AΩ ]qap-JØp sN∂n-cn-°pw. sIm®p- N-°-c®n NXn-°n√ F∂ hnizm-k-am-tWm, AtXm, hoWp ]qap-Jhpw 31

a]Øv ebmfw Adbpw XI¿°p-s∂-¶n¬ AtXmsS Xm\\pw XI-cs´ F∂ hnNm-c-amtWm AXns‚ t{]c-I-i‡n F∂-dn-bn-√. F{X ]d-™mepw Im‰pw agbpw h∂m¬ AΩ B A]-I-S-ÿm-\\Øp sN∂n-cp-∂-Xp-X-s∂. Poh-tO-Z-I-c-amb tcmKw ]nSn-s]-´n´pw bmsXm∂pw kw`-hn-®n-s√∂ a´n¬ EXpN{I-Øn-cn-®n-en-\\\\p-kr-Xamw hn[w B amhp Xfn¿°p-Ibpw ]qØp IpS-®- {Iw-t]mse kz¿Wkv^penw-K-߃ ]mdn hne-kp-I-bpw Ce-I-fn¬\\n∂v Cuj- ∑m{Xw \\nd-t`-Z-ap≈ amº-g-°n-ßn-Wn-Iƒ Nm¿Øn \\n¬°bpw Ime-h¿j-°m- ‰n¬ a‰p ac-߃ Nm™p-e™p Nm©m-Sp-tºmƒ Xs‚ Kuchw hnSmsX A¿[- hr-Øm-Im-c-Øn¬ teiw H∂p Xncn™p \\rØw hbv°bpw Hs° sNøp-∂Xv thZ-\\-tbmsS R߃ t\\m°n-°-≠p. I¿°-SI-am-k-Ønse Idp-Ø-hm- hn≥\\mfn¬ BIm-i-Øn\\p Xmsg Xs‚ Ce∏-S¿∏p-sIm≠v as‰m-cm-Imiw krjvSn®v an∂ma- n\\- pß- pI- s- fs- °m≠p \\£{X\\n_nU- a- mbn \\n¬°p∂- Xv Bk- ∂-amb th¿]m-Sns‚ t_m[-sØbpw thZ-\\-sbbpw D¬°-S-am-°n-Øo¿Øp. AXp-hsc ImWm-Xn-cp∂ Af-hnepw Bg-Ønepw Xd-hm-Sns‚ B Nnc-_-‘p- hns‚ KpW-߃ lrZ-b-Øn¬ B™p-]-Xn-®p. Aßs\\ Bi¶ \\nd™ Hcp ]Øp-sIm√w Ign-™p. tIhew C—m-i‡n sIms≠-∂-t]mse B amhp \\ne-\\n-∂p. Xpem-h¿j-°m-‰p-Ifpw Ime-h¿j- °m-‰p-Ifpw B apØ-»n-bpsS \\n_n-Uhpw iyma-f-hp-amb Xe-ap-Sn-I-fn¬°qsS hnc-tem-Sn-®p-t]m-hpI am{Xw sNbvXp; X≈n C´n-√. Aßs\\bncn-s°, Ccp-]Xph¿jw apºv hr›nIw-˛ [\\p-am-k-Øn¬ t\\cnb Hcp h¿jhpw Im‰pw D≠m-bn; ]gpØ Ce-Iƒ sImgn-°m≥ am{Xw t]mcp∂ H∂v. AIm-e-Øp≈ B Im‰pw agbpw sIm®p-N-°-c-®n-bpsS Bflm-hns\\ Iq´n- s°m≠p t]mIm≥ {]tXyIw \\nbp-‡-am-b-h-bm-bn-cp-∂p. A¬∏w sX°p]Sn- ™md- p- Nm™v AXp apdn™- ph- oW- p. ]So‰- X- n¬ ho´ns‚ aXn¬ A¬∏w s]mfn- ™p. Hcp ssXam-hns‚ Hcp inJcw HSn™p; If-Øn-∂-cn-Inse ]pfn-a-c-Øns‚ GXm\\pw sNdnb sImºp-Iƒ AS¿∂p. AXn-t\\-°mƒ \\ncp-]-{Z-h-I-c-am-bn, F{X hnZ-Kv[-\\mb Hcp acwsh´p-Im-c\\pw AXns\\ apdn-®n-Sm≥ Ign-bp-am-bn-cp- ∂n-√. \"\"sIm®p-N-°-c®n t\\cp≈ amhm-Wv, Ahƒ tZmjw hcp-Øp-I-bn√'' F∂p≈ AΩ-bpsS hnizmkw Pbn-®p. AhnsS Infn®ps]m¥nb amhn≥X-øns\\ \"sIm®pN°-c-®n-bpsS aIƒ' F∂ \\ne-bn¬ AΩ hm’-ey-tØmsS hf¿Øn. Cubm-≠n¬ AXp Imbv®p. Ahƒ ]pfn-®n-bm-Wv. sIm®pN°-c®n (F.]n. DZ-b-`m\\p) 32

\\nem-hp-s]-øp∂ \\m´p-h-gn-Iƒ ASn-ÿm\\ ]mTm-hen  hr£-ß-fn¬ h®p hr£w amhp-X-s∂-bmsW∂v teJ-I≥ ka¿Yn-°p- ∂-sX-ßs\\? hr£-߃°p \\¬Ip∂ hnti-j-W-߃ F{X-am{Xw DNn- X-amWv? ]mT-k-μ¿`w hni-I-e\\w sNbvXv kzm`n-{]mbw ka¿Yn-°p-I.  achpw a\\p-jy\\pw XΩn-ep≈ tIh-e-amb _‘-amtWm sIm®p-N-°-c- ®nbpw AΩbpw XΩn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂Xv? ]cn-tim-[n-°p-I.  sIm®p-N-°-c-®n°v ssIh-cp∂ a\\pjy-`m-h-ß-fmWv Cu efn-tXm-]-\\ym- ksØ IqSp-X¬ lrZy-am-°p-∂Xv ˛ hni-I-e\\w sNøp-I.  • \"\"Aßs\\ ]e ]e amhpI- ƒ Ahc- psS {]tXyI kzmZpI- f- pa- mbn HmSn FØp∂- p.'' • \"\"]®-amß A¬∏w D∏p-tN¿Øv Idp-apdm Idp-apdm Nh®p Xn∂m¬, IpØn-sbm-en-°p∂ Dan-\\o-cns‚ (sImXn) thKw sIm≠v AW-Iƒ tIm®n-t∏mIpw.'' • \"\"Xpem-h¿j-°m-‰p-Ifpw Ime-h¿j-°m-‰p-Ifpw B apØ-»n-bpsS \\n_n-Uhpw iyma-f-hp-amb Xe-ap-Sn-I-fn¬°qsS hnc-tem-Sn-®p-t]m-hpI am{Xw sNbvXp; X≈n C´n-√.'' teJ-\\-Ønse hnhn[ kμ¿`-߃ ]cn-N-b-s∏-´-t√m. `mj-bpsS emfn-Xyhpw kuμcy-hp-ap≈ IqSp-X¬ DZm-l-cW߃ ]mT-`m-KØp\\n∂p Is≠Øn F.-]n.- D-Z-b-`m-\\p-hns‚ cN-\\m-ssi-en-sb-°p-dn®v D]-\\ymkw Xbm-dm-°p-I.  amhv, amºgw F∂nh {]ta-b-am-bn-h-cp∂ Imhy`mK-ßfpw ]m´p-Ifpw tiJ-cn®v ]Xn-∏v Xbm-dm-°p-I. 33

a]Øv ebmfw HmW-ap-‰Øv 34 Cuae-\\m-´n≥ hm-bp-hn-ep-s≠mcp a[p-tcm-Zm-c-hn-Im-cw, a™m˛ eod-\\p-Sp-sØmcp ]mh-\\-`m-hw. ag sIm≠mepw ]mhw Xpº-Iƒ ae-cn≥IqS \\nd®p, hndt® \\n¬°p-I-bt√m taSp-IƒtXm-dpw. Xncn-Iƒ sXdp-Øp, sImfp-Øm-\\p‰ ap˛ lq¿Øw ImØp Ipg™p aS-ßnb Ic-hn-c-tem-sS, Zo]-°p-‰n-Iƒ \\m´n-bn-cn∏q \\dp-ap-°p-‰n-Iƒ. GXp-ap-d-ßm-sX-ºmSpw hb˛ tee-IƒtXmdpw \\Sp-hn¬ s]m¬°n-gn˛ sbcnbpw sh≈n-Øm-e-sa-SpØp \\n˛ c∂p ekn∏q s\\øm-º-ep-Iƒ. Imte cmhp \\nd∂ \\nem-hm¬ Iap-In≥]q-hcn XqIn, Øqa-bn˛ seXn-tc-‰-ßs\\ \\n¬°pw hgn-tb˛ sbgp-∂-≈p-I-bm-tbm-W-Ø-∏≥. B¿∏p-hn-fn-°p-hn-\\p-Æn-I-tf, be˛ IS-te, tat∑¬ Ipc-h-bnSq sIm˛ ®cp-hn-I-tf, sNdp-I-\\y-I-tf, \\˛ √XnYn \\ap-°n-\\n-bm-cn-Xp-t]mse? \\ofpw ae-bpsS Nß-e-h-´-bn¬ \\mfw ]mS-e-hn-c-em¬ \\o´n-bp˛ tama¬°-hnfp XpSpØpw sXs√mcp \\mW-tØmSp ]cp-ßn-sbm-cp-ßn-Sp˛ tamW-t°m-Sn-bp-Sp-sØm-cp-j-t , ]\\n-\\o-cm¬ Igp-In°q Imep-Iƒ,

\\nem-hp-s]-øp∂ \\m´p-h-gn-Iƒ aWn-]o-T-Øn-en-cpØq a∂-s\\, ASn-ÿm\\ ae-bm-f-Ø-d-hm-´n-∂-¶-W˛ ]mTm-hen aWn-]o-T-Øn-en-cp-Øq, RßsS sIm®p-In-\\m-hp-Iƒ tXSn-b-e™p a˛ e¿°-f-sa-gp-Xn-°m-tØm-c-c-Ns\\! ]g-sbmcp ]p≈p-h-\\m-Wt√m Rm≥; ]mbpw IpSbpw s\\øpw, ]ns∂˛ ∏e ssIth-e-Iƒ sNøpw, ]p©-Iƒ sImøpw Imew I‰-sa-Xn®p In˛ Xbv°pw {Kma-s∏¨sIm-Sn-am-cpsS Ic-fp-Iƒ Xp≈m≥, Imep-Iƒ \\¿Ø-\\˛ Ie-hn-Iƒ sIm≈m,\\g-Inb \\mS≥˛ Ihn-X-Iƒ ]mSn-bn-cn°pw Nmtc Rm\\pw ssIbnse hoW-s∏-Æpw. sh‰n-e-sbm∂p apdp-°m,-s\\m∂p sIm˛ dn°m≥ s\\√p InS-®m-embn. HmW-°m-e-Øp-Wcpw Rm≥, Xncp˛ thmW-∏m-´p-I-fm-sW≥ ]m-´p-Iƒ. s]m∂n≥Nnßw h∂p-]n-d∂p I˛ c™p Nncn®p IpS,-t™m-W-Øn≥˛ a[p-c-°dn aWn-hm-bn¬ tX®Xp s\\m´n-\\p-W®p Ifn°pw Ifn I˛ t≠mW-Ø-∏≥ ]qØ-d-ta¬ ]\\˛ tbme-°p-Sbpw NqSn-bn-cn-s°, ae-bm-f-Ø-d-hm-´n-∂-¶-W˛ sh¨a-W-en-¶-en-cn∏q Rms\\≥˛ ssIbn¬ Nm™p-In-S∏q sIm©sem˛ sS≥{]n-b-a-Ifmw hoW-s∏-Æpw. ]g-a-bn-en-gbpw ]√p sImgn-s™mcp ]m´m-sW∂p ]gn-°m-an∂p ]˛ cnjvIm-c-Øn≥ Xn-Æ-bn-ep-≈-h¿ ]g-tam-S-cnbpw ]∏-Shpw X˛ ∂mh-Xp-th-K-a-b-bv°m≥ t\\m°mw. Ch-c-dn-bp-∂o-se-∂-`n-am\\w! F∂psS ap∂n¬ tKmta-Z-I-angn an∂pw Im©-\\-knw-lm-k-\\-a-Xn¬ apØp-°p-Sbpw NqSn-bn-cn∏q aqhp-e-Im≠ alm-_-en-a-∂≥. hnS (sshtem-∏-n≈n {io[-c-ta-t\\m≥)- 35

a]Øv ebmfw  ae-bm-f-tZiw HmWsØ kzoI-cn-°p-∂Xv Fß-s\\-sb∂v Imhy-`m-K-Øp-\\n∂p Is≠- Øn kz¥w hmIy-Øn-e-h-X-cn-∏n-°p-I.  \"\"]g-a-bn-en-gbpw ]√p sImgn-s™mcp ]m´m-sW∂p ]gn-°m-an∂p ]˛ cnjvIm-c-Øn≥ Xn-Æ-bn-ep-≈-h¿ ]g-tam-S-cnbpw ]∏-Shpw X˛ ∂mh-Xp-th-K-a-b-bv°m≥ t\\m°mw. Ch-c-dn-bp-∂o-se-∂-`n-am\\w!'' tIc-f-Øns‚ X\\n-a-bm¿∂ kmwkvIm-cnIss]Xr-I-Øn-ep≈ Ihn-bpsS A`n-am-\\- t_m-[-amtWm Cu hcn-I-fn¬ sXfn-bp-∂Xv? Ihn-X-bn¬\\n∂v {]k-‡-amb a‰p kqN-\\-Iƒ IqSn Is≠Øn N¿®sNøp-I.  \"Hcp-a-bpsSbpw ka-`m-h-\\-bp-sSbpw ktμ-i-amWv HmWm-tLm-j-Øns‚ AI-°mºv˛' h¿Ø-am-\\-Im-eØv Cu {]kvXmh\\ F{X-tØmfw {]k-‡-am-sW∂v N¿®sNbvXv teJ\\w Xbm-dm-°p-I.  \\mS≥]m-´p-Ifpw efn-X-Km-\\-ßfpw kn\\namKm\\-ß-fp-a-S-ßp∂ \\nc-h[n HmW-∏m-´p- Iƒ \\ap-°p≠v. Ch-bn¬ GXm\\pw NneXv Dƒs∏-SpØn Hcp ]m´-cßv kwL-Sn-∏n- °p-I. CXn\\v apt∂m-Sn-bm-bp≈ Ah-Xm-c-Is‚ BapJ`mjWhpw Xbm-dm-°p-at√m. 36

\\nem-hp-s]-øp∂ \\m´p-h-gn-Iƒ ASn-ÿm\\ ]mTm-hen tImgnbpw Ing-hnbpw kwKXn hfsc \\n m-c-am-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp tImgnsb Fdn™p sIm∂p, A{X-am-{Xw. tImgnsb hf¿Øp-∂-Xp-Xs∂ sIm√m-\\m-Wv. hf¿Øm≥ {]bm-k-an-√. AXp X\\nsb hf¿∂p-sIm-≈pw. sIm√m-\\mWv {]bm-kw. F∂p-h-®m¬ Xm≥ hf¿Ønb H∂ns\\ sIm√m-\\p≈ {]bm-kw. AXp InS∂p ]nS-bv°p-∂Xp ImWpI Ak-l-\\o-b-am-Wv. F∂p- h®p sIm√msX H°ptam? AXns‚ Poh≥ t]mIp-∂-Xp- Im-Wp-tºmƒ IÆp \\nd-bm-Ø-Xv, IÆn¬°qSn htc≠ sh≈w hmbn¬ Dudp-∂-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wv; Cd-®n-bpsS cpNn Hm¿Øn-´m-Wv. AXp-sIm≠p h√-hcpw sIm∂p-X-cp-∂Xv Hcp henb klm-b-am-Wv. ]ns∂ Xqh¬ ]dn-°bpw apfIpw 37

a]Øv ebmfw a√nbpw hdp-°p-Ibpw sNbvXm¬ aXn-b-t√m. AXpw hf¿®-ap-‰nb tImgn. ]qh≥tImgn. C∂-s√-¶n¬ \\msf, AYhm ASpØ BgvN sIm√m-\\n-cp-∂-Xpw. a¿t°m-kn-t\\mSp \\μn ]d-bp-I. As√¶n¬ Abm-fpsS aI-t\\mSv. Ah-cm-sc-¶n-ep- am-Wt√m CXp sNbvX-Xv. Ah¿°p thW-sa-¶n¬ B tImgnsb sshIp-t∂cw Idn-h®p Xn∂m-am-bn-cp-∂p. Bcpw Adn-bm≥ t]mIp-∂n√ A°m-cyw. AXp sNbvXn- √. \"\"tZ Gen-t®-S-Øn, \\nßsS tImgn- sI-S-°p-∂p. ]nt≈-cm-cm≠p Is√-Sp-sØ- dn™p ssIb-_-≤-Øn\\v AXns‚ Igp-tØtem at‰m sIm≠p. AXp NØp- t]mbn'' F∂p ]d™p Iøm-e-bv°¬ hnfn®p a¿t°m-kns‚ `mcy B NØ-tIm- gnsb Aßp sImSp-°p-I-bmWp sNbvX-Xv. Gen AXns\\ FSp-°m-sX-bßp \\S-∂p. B kzmZp≈ ihw Ah-cpsS ]d-ºn-\\-cn-In¬ InS-∂p. Xncn-®p-t]m-∂n´v A∂Ω ]d-bp-I-bmWv: \"\"Ac-Øp-em-sam≠v tIt´m.'' a¿t°mkp ]d™p: \"\"]ns∂ Xpemw ImWp-tIt√? Cu ]d-ºn-en\\n h√-Xp- samt≠m _m°n. F¥p \\´mepw \\in-∏n-°p∂ Hcp tImgn!'' \"\"Ahcp samtJmw ho¿∏n-t®m≠m t]msb.'' \"\"\\obpw samJsam∂p ho¿∏n-t®-°m-bn-cp-∂t√m!'' \"\"AX-h-sc-Sp-tØm-≠p-t]m-Ip-hm-bn-cn-°pw. Cs√-¶n¬ h√ ]´ow h∂p ISn-s®- Sp-tØm≠p t]mIpw. t\\cw k‘y-bm-Im-dm-bt√m!'' A∂-Ωbv°v B sIme-]m- XIw ad-°m≥ Ign-™n-√. Ah¿ AXn-s\\-°p-dn®v Fs¥m-s°tbm s]mdp-s]m-dp- Øp. tImgn-bpsS DS-a-ÿ≥ k‘y°p ho´n¬ h∂-t∏mƒ IY Adn™p: \"\"AXn\\p \\nhr-Øn-bp-≠m-°mw. Ab¬]-°-Øp-Im¿°pw Ign-™p-Iq-S-W-at√m!'' Ah¿ A∂p kpJ-am-bn AØmgw Ign-®p. A¬∏w Xma-kn-s®-∂p -am-{Xw. CtX-bp≈p kwKXn ˛ aØm-bn-bpsS ho´n¬ ap´-hn-cn-™p-≠mb A©p tImgn- °p-™p-߃ B ho´nepw a¿t°m-kns‚ ]d-ºnepw \\S∂p Xn∂ph-f¿∂p. AXn- semcp ]qhs‚ D]-{Zhw kln-°m™p a¿t°m-kns‚ aI≥ Hcp Is√-Sp-sØm-tc- dp-sIm-Sp-Øp. tImgn NØp. aØm-bn-bpsS ho´p-Im-c-Xns\\ thhn®p Xn∂p. F∂n´pw Imcyw Ah-km-\\n-®n-√. B ]qh≥tImgn Hcp hnπhw Agn-®p-hn-´p. B cm{Xn AXp aØmb- nb- psS Xet- ®md- n\\IØp NnIb- pI- bpw am¥pI- bpw sImØn- s∏-dp-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ASpØ {]`m-X-Øn¬ Ab¬ho-Sp-I-fn¬ tImgn IqIn-b- t∏mƒ, NØ-tIm-gn, Zln®p ]Izm-i-b-Øn-se-Ønb tImgn, aØm-bn-am¿tKW IqIn: \"\"t\\m°o-t°m.'' Hcp Iøm-e-sIm≠p th¿Xn-cn-°-s∏´ c≠p ]d-ºv. Iptd-°mew apºv c≠pw H∂m-bn-cp-∂p. a¿t°m-kns‚ A∏s‚ hI. Abmƒ AXn-\\-cn-In¬ Ipd®p ÿew aØm-bn-bpsS AΩbv°v ]m¿°m≥ sImSpØp; Hcp ]tcm-]-Im-c-_p-≤n-sIm-≠v. ]\\-tbme IpØn ad-s®mcp hoSp-≠m°n Ah-f-hnsS ]m¿Øp. an°-hmdpw Hcp t\\csØ `£Ww P∑n-bpsS ho´n¬ Ign-bpw. D∏pw apfIpw Im∏n-sØm≠pw DW- °-ao\\pw hS-°≥ ]pI-bn-ebpw asÆ-Æbpw a¨I-ehpw hn¬°p∂ Hcp ]oSn-I- Iq-Sn-bmbn B hoSv. A∂p aØmbn ]n®-\\S-∂p -Xp-S-ßn-b-tX-bp-≈q. 38

\\nem-hp-s]-øp∂ \\m´p-h-gn-Iƒ ASps- Øßpw ]oSnI- b- n√- . sXm´S- ps- Ømcp henb ]mSa- p≠- v. ]mSØp ]Wn°p ASn-ÿm\\ hcp-∂-h-scms° B s]ºn-f-bpsS IS-bn¬\\n∂p kmam\\w hmßpw. sImbvØp- ]mTm-hen Im-eØv Ahƒ°p \\√ I®-h-S-am-Wv. \\√ em`-hp-am-Wv. s\\√p Iptd In´pw. ]ns∂ AXp ]pgp-ßn-°pØn Acn-°-®-h-Shpam-bn. Icn-∏-´n, sh‰n-e, ]m°v, DW- °-sdm´n, ]gw Cßs\\ hym]mcw hn]p-e-ambn h∂p. aØmbn hf¿∂pw h∂p. N°-c-°m∏n, ]p´v˛ Aßs\\ ]e Nc-°p-I-Sbpw Im∏n-°-Sbpw \\SØn B IpSpw_w Iptds» \\√-\\n-e-bn-te°p \\oßn. Acn-®n-´n, Ipdn-®n-´n Cßs\\ Nn´n- I-fpw, ]Wbw hmßn ]Ww sImSp-°-epw. BsI-°qSn sIm≈mw. sNe-hm-sW- ¶n¬ c≠p hb-dn\\p am{Xw. I¿Øm-ho-tim-an-in-lm-X-ºp-cms‚ Ir]. sI´n-tbm≥ I≈-∏p-Ie Npa-Sn-\\p-t]mbn CSn-sIm≠p NØ-Xp-sIm≠v Ahƒ°p h∂ `mKyw. As√-¶n¬ CsXms° Ah≥ HcpZnhkw sIm≠p IpSn-®p-sam-≈n-tb-s\\. Ah-sfm´p I®-hSw XpS-ßp-I-bp-an-√. At∏mƒ \\ΩpsS a¿t°m-kns‚ ho´n-em-sW-¶n¬ kmam\\yw kzØv. H∂maXp ]≈n-bn¬t∏m°pw c≠m-aXp Irjnbpw sXmgn-em-bn-s´mcp Im¿tWm-cv. B`n-Pm- Xy-Øns‚ Imh-¬°m-cn-bm-sbmcp Krl-\\m-bnI, t]mcm, B≠n-em-≠n¬ s]dp∂ kz`m-h-°m-cnbpw. Hcp Pe-tZm-jw-t]mepw hcmØ ]nt≈-cpw. sFizcyw \\nd™ hoSv. AhnsS aq∏cpw aq∏-Ønbpw XΩn¬ Hcp Imcy-Øn¬ `n∂n-∏p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. B¨]n-t≈sc s]d-W-sa∂p aq∏-cv. s]¨]n-t≈sc am{Xta s]dp-I-bp-≈p- 39

a]Øv ebmfw sh∂p aq∏-Øn-bm-cpw. s]¨]n-d-∂-h-cpsS hmin Pbn-°bpw AXp-sIm≠p {ItaW IpSpw_w £bn-°m-\\n-S-bm-Ibpw sNbvXp. \\∂m-bn-h-t∂ms´ F∂p Icp-Xn-b-√, Hcp Zp¿_-e-\\n-an-j-Øn¬ `mcy tXm‰p-sIm-SpØp; Hcm-Wns\\ s]‰p. Ah-\\mWp a¿t°m-kv. Ggp s]ß-∑m-cp-sS-bn-S-bvs°mcp Ip™m-ßf h∂Xp \\∂m-bn. ]ndsI h∂ A©p-t]-scbpw aqØ c≠p-t]-scbpw Aßs\\ Ggp-s]-ß-∑msc sI´n-®p- sIm-Sp-°m≥ Aht\\ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-≈q. A-t∏m-tg°v A∏\\pw AΩbpw acn®p. Aßs\\ apIf- n¬\\n∂p Iotgm´- q¿∂nd- ß- p∂ a¿t°mkpw Xmsg \\n∂p tatem´p hfc- p∂ aØmb- nbpw Ab¬- °- mc- mb- n∏- m¿Øp. c≠pt- ]¿°pw Ahc- h- c- psS Imcya- m- bn. sNdp∏- Ø- nse sNßmØw tX™pa- m™- pt- ]mb- n. Im‰p amdn-ho-in. a¿t°mkv £oWn-®-t∏mƒ aØmbn klm-bn-®p-Xp-S-ßn. ]tcm- ]I- mc- _- p≤- ns- Im≠- √- . D]I- mc- k- vac- W- s- Im≠- pa- √- . Ah\\v AhnsS Hcp ]pch- b- v°m≥ Ipd-®p-IqsS ÿew thWw; a¿t°m-kn\\p Iptd ]Whpw thWw. a¿t°m-kns‚ ]dºp sNdp-Xmbn; h∂p tIdn-b-hs‚ hoXw hep-Xpw. aØm-bn-bpsS hoSpw hep- Xm-bn. Ah\\p ]Wambn; a¿t°m-kn-s\\-°p-dn®v \\nμbpw. Ah¿ ASpØp Xma-kn- ®n´pw Xosc AI∂p t]mbn. D≈ ÿew-IqSn Fgp-Xn-Ø-t∂®v AXns‚ hne-ta-Sn- ®p-sIm≠p ae-_m-dn-se-ßm\\pw t]mI-cptXm Ch\\v F∂ `mh-amWp aØm-bn-°v. Ab¬]-°Øv AØm-g-∏-´n-Wn-°m-c≥ ]m¿Øm¬ AsXmcp sskzc-t°-Sm-sW∂v Ah-\\-dn-bmw. Fß-s\\bpw Chn-S∂p ]d™p hnS-Ww. Nn√-d -i-ey-߃ sNbvXp XpS-ßn. a¿t°mkv ]nSn-°p∂ `mK-Øns‚ FXn-cp-]n-Sn-°pI F∂Xv aØm-bn-bpsS {hX- am-bn. Ah-cpsS CS-bn-ep≈ Iøme CSn-™p-t]m-bm¬ AXp IpØmsX InS-°pw. FXn-cmfn kΩ-Xn-°-bn-√. No™-fn-bp∂ hkvXp-°ƒ Ab-¬°m-cs‚ ]d-ºn-te- s°d- nb- pw. sXm´h- o´- n¬ ]m¿°p∂ i{Xp°- ƒ°v Fs¥√mw D]{- Zh- ß- f- mWp sNøm≥ Ign-bpI, AsXms° sNøpw, aØmbn. Abmf- psS AΩbv°v Cu \\μnt- IS- n¬ {]Xnt- j[- a- p≠- v. F∂mepw HcΩ- b- mW- t√m. Xs‚ Ip™p sNøp-∂-Xn¬ tZmjw ImWm≥ Ah¿°p tijn-°p-d-hm-Wv. \"\"Fs‚ A∏≥ Hcp amSws- h®p InS°- m≥ kΩX- n®- ns- √¶- n¬ CXpß- fp h√ hgoepw sIS∂p sXmet- ™s- \\'' F∂p a¿t°mkv Nnet- ∏mƒ ]db- pw. \"\"Rm\\n-hnsS h∂p-Iq-Sn-bn-s√-¶n¬ ]n®-∏m-fbpw sIm≠n-d-tß≠n ht∂s\\ Ah\\v'' F∂p aØmbn Xncn-®-Sn-°pw. ]Wa- ps- ≠∂v Hcmƒ°p `mhw. IpSpw_- ÿ- nX- nb- n¬ A`na- m\\w a‰h- \\- .v c≠p-t]¿°pw Ip´n-I-fp-≠v. tPmSn-°p-tPmSn F∂pXs∂ ]d-bmw. a°ƒ X-Ωnepw ]nW-°-am-Wv. kvIqfn¬ t]mIp∂ hgn Ab¬°m-cs‚ ]pd-Øn-Sn-t®®v HmSpw Hcp- Ø≥. as‰m-cmƒ aptº t]mIp-∂-hs‚ tZlØp sNfn-sh≈w X´n-sØ-dn-∏n-°pw. Ah-cpsS ]nW°w s]s´∂v CW-°-ambn amdpw. Ct∏mƒ aØm-bn-bpsS ]d-ºn¬ Hcp t]c-bp-≠v. apºv AXp a¿t°m-kns‚ ]d-ºn-em-bn-cp-∂p. aØm-bn-bpsS a°ƒ t]cbv°m ]dn®v BÀm-Z-tØmsS Xn∂p-I- bm-bn-cp-∂p. a¿t°m-kns‚ aIƒ then-°¬ sN∂p sImXn-tbmsS t\\m°n-\\n-∂p. \"\"sImXn-°m≥ h∂p \\n°pImtWm?'' 40

\\nem-hp-s]-øp∂ \\m´p-h-gn-Iƒ \"\"Rm≥ RßsS ]d-ºnem \\nbv°p-s∂.'' ASn-ÿm\\ \"\"AhnsS \\nt∂m, sImXn-°m-Xn-cp-∂m¬ aXn.'' ]mTm-hen \"\"\\nßfm sImXn-b-Ωmcv. Rß-fpsS t]c-b-s√. \\nß-fpsS sImXn-sIm-≠s√ Cu ]dºp \\nßfp taSns®?'' Hcp Ip´n Hcp t]cbv°m ]dn-®n´v Ahƒ°v Fdn-™p-sIm-Sp-Øp. \"\"sImXn- °msX CXpw FSp-tØm≠p t]m'' F∂p ]d-™p. t]cbv°m Ah-fpsS s\\‰n- bn¬ sN∂p sIm≠p. Ahƒ NoØ hm°p-Iƒ ]d-™p-sIm-≠v t]c-bv°mbpw FSpØp Ic-™p-sIm≠p ho´n-te°p t]mbn. Ic-®n¬ tI´v AΩ h∂p t\\m°n. s\\‰n-bn¬ t]c-bv°m-tbmfw Hcp apg. Ipd-®p-t\\-c-tØ°v B Iøm-e-bv°¬ ]c- kv]cw sXdn-]-d-®n-em-bn-cp-∂p. ASpØ Znhkw kvIqfn¬ t]mIp-tºmƒ Fdn-™-h≥ hgn-bn¬ ImØp\\n∂p. Gdps- Im≠- h- ƒ AXnte h∂p. Ahf- psS apJw s]s´∂p IdpØ- ph- o¿Øp. Ahs‚ sXm≠-bn-S-dn. \"\"C∂m c≠p t]cbv-°m.'' \"\"B¿°m∂m sIms≠-s°m-Sv.'' Ahƒ Ahs‚ ssI X´n-°-f-™p. \"\"Rm≥ Adn-t™m≠p s\\‰n-tb¬ sIm≈n-®-X-√.'' \"\"Ft∂mSp an≠-cpXv'' \"\"CjvSwsIm≠m Rm≥ t]cbv°m C´p X∂-Xv.'' Ahƒ an≠n-bn-√. \"\"Cu t]cbv°m taSn-°v.'' \"\"F\\n°p th≠.'' \"\"\\o CXp taSn®p Xn∂n-s√-¶n¬ Rm\\m t]c sh´n-°-f-bpw.'' \"\"sh´n°f.'' \"\"\\o Ic™- X- ps- Im≠v Rm≥ Xn∂msX h®nc- p∂- Xm CXv. \\o Xn∂mte Rm\\pw Xn∂p-sIm-≈q.'' Ah-fpsS apJw sXfn-™p. Ahƒ t]cbv°m c≠pw hmßn. F∂n´p ]p©n- cn-tbmsS H∂v Ah\\p \\o´n: \"\"H∂p Nmt°m-®≥ Xn∂v.'' Ah-\\Xp hmßn. Ah-fpsS s\\‰n-bn¬ ]Xps° H∂p Xtem-Sn. \"\"I≈n-s∏Æv Fs∂-bßp t]Sn-∏n®p If-™p!'' Ahƒ InSp-In-sS-®n-cn-®p. c≠p ho´n-sebpw Ip´n-Iƒ Hcp-an®p \\S-°p-∂-Xp-t]mepw ho´p-Im¿°n-jvS-a-√. Ab¬ho-´p-Im-sc-∏‰n Fs¥-¶nepw Bt£]w ]d-bmsX InS-∂m¬ aØm- bn°v Dd°w hcpI-bn-√. Abm-fp-sS `mcy°pw Aß-s\\-X-s∂. AΩ am{Xw Cu Ab¬Zq-j-W-Øn¬ ]¶p-tN-cp-I-bn-√. Ah¿°p {]mbw-sIm-≠p≈ Ah-iX \\t∂bp-s≠-¶nepw Nne-t∏mƒ Ah¿ aI-t\\mSp ]d-bpw: \"\"aIs\\ aqSp-a-d-°-cp-Xv. A∂p Rm\\o \\m´nse tIa-∑m-tcm-sSms° sI©n-bn´v Hcp amSw sh®p-sI-S-°m- \\mcpw kΩ-Xn-®n-√. Cu then-°-IØp Imse-SpØp IpØn-b-Xp-ap-Xem ]jvWn- sbm-gn-™-Xv. a¿t°m-kns‚ A∏≥ \\ns∂ aI-s\\-t∏m-sebm hnNm-cn-®n-cp-∂Xv.'' 41

a]Øv ebmfw AXp aØm-bnsb ipWvTn-]n-Sn-∏n-°pw: \"\"a¿t°m-kns‚ A∏≥ Fs∂ aI-s\\- t∏mse Icp-Xm≥ ImcWw?'' aØm-bn°p ]mcpjyw h¿[n-°p-I-bm-Wv. B ho´pIm-cpsS CS-bn¬ Hc-·n-]¿hXw s]m´m-dmbn \\n¬°p-I-bm-Wv. AXp Xma-kn-bmsX s]m´pw. AXn¬ c≠p IpSpw-_-ßfpw XI¿s∂∂p hcmw. AXn- em¿°pw hntcm-[-an-√. Xs‚ IqsS a‰-hcpw XI¿∂m¬ aXn. AXn\\p kμ¿`w h∂p. Hcp-Øs‚ tImgnsb a‰-h≥ sIm∂p. a¿t°mk- n\\v Dd°w h∂n√- . B {]hrØn Hcp ap≥ssIs- bS- p°- e- mb- nt- ∏mb- n; bp≤Ø- n\\p ImcW- a- mb- nt- ∏mb- n. ASp-Ø-Zn-hkw cmhnse a¿t°m-kns‚ ho´n¬ t]meo-kp-Im-c≥ h∂p. Abm- fpsS ]d-ºn¬\\n∂p tImgn-bpsS Xqhepw Imepw Xebpw sXm≠n-bmbn Is≠- SpØ- p. Ab-¬°m¿ IqSn. a¿t°mkv tImgnsb I´p-Xn-s∂-∂mWp tIkv. Abmsf t]meokvtÃj-\\n-te°pw Ahn-S∂p tImS-Xn-bn-te°pw \\S-Øpw. aq∂p-ssa¬ Zqcwh- sc t]meok- pI- mc- ≥ Abmsf sIm≠pt]mIpw. Abmf- psS ssIbn¬ tImgn- bpsS Ah-in-jvS-߃ D≠m-bn-cn-°pw. A∂Ω CXn-\\nsS ]eXpw ]pe-ºn. tImgn-bn-d®n AhnsS ]mIw sNbvXn- s√∂p a\\- n-em-°m≥ Bsc-¶nepw ASp-°f ]cn-tim-[n-t®m-fm≥ ]d-™p. Ip´n- I-sfms° ]d-™p, AhnsS Xte Znhkw Cd®n h®n-s√-∂v. Ab-¬°m¿ Hmtcm A`n-{]m-b-߃ ]d-™p. AsXms° tImS-Xn-bn¬ h∂p ]d-™m¬ aXn, ChnsS Xs‚ At\\z-j-W- ߃°p XS w sNø-cp-sX-∂mbn t]meo-kp-Im-c≥. a¿t°mkv BsI \\mWn®p \\n¬°p-I-bm-Wv. tImgnsb Fdn-™p-sIm∂ Imcyw Xs∂ kΩ-Xn-°mtam F∂-bmƒ°p kwi-bw. aØm-bn-bpsS ho´n¬ kIe hmbpw AS-®p-]q´n ap{Z-h-®n-cn-°p-I-bmWv. Hc-£cw Bcpw an≠p-∂n-√. heyΩ CsXm∂pw Adn-™-tX-bn-√. \"\"F∂m¬ \\ap°p t]mImw'' F∂mbn t]meo-kp-Im-c≥. \"\"t]mImw, C\\n-sb∂m Xncn®p hcp-∂-sX-dn-bm≥taet√m. Atß-Xnse AΩ hb- m-bn-cn-°p-Im. Xncn-®p-h-cp-tºm-tg°v Ahsc ImWm≥ `mKy-ap-≠m-bn-s√- ¶n-tem? AXnte H∂p-tI-dn-bn´p t]mI-cptXm?'' a¿t°mkv tNmZn-®p. t]meo- kp-Im-c≥ BZyw kΩ-Xn-®n-√. Bfp-Iƒ \\n¿_-‘n-®n´v HSp-hn¬ kΩ-Xn-®p. t]meok- pI- mc- s- ‚I- qsS a¿t°mkv ]Snb- nd- ß- nb- t- ∏mƒ ho´pI- m¿ ]ncmI- pI- bpw \\ne-hn-fn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp; Btcm acn-®-Xp-t]m-se. Atß-Xnse heyΩ Cu i_vZw tI´v Fgp-t∂‰p X∏n-Ø-S™v hcm-¥-bn¬ h∂-t∏mƒ Hcp s]mXn-s°- ´p-ambn a¿t°mkpw Iptd Bfp-Ifpw Atßm´p sN∂p. \"\"F\\n°p Xcm-s\\-∂-Xpw-sIm≠m a¿t°m-®≥ h∂n-cn-°p-s∂, Ctßm´p tIdn- bn-cn. F¥m Ahn-sS-sbmcp s\\temfn tI´Xv?'' a¿t°mkp ]d™p: \"\"Rm\\n-tß-c-sS- Iq-sS-sbm∂p t]mIpIm It®-co-te-°v, ChnSsØ tImgnsb I´-Xn\\v. Rm≥ Is´∂m aØmbn ]d-bp-∂-Xv. Rm\\n\\n F∂m hcp-Im-∂m¿°-dn-bmw. AXp-hsc Fs‚ hoSv AΩ t\\m°n-s°m-≈-Ww.'' 42

\\nem-hp-s]-øp∂ \\m´p-h-gn-Iƒ sX√nS au\\-am-bn-cp∂v IÆp-\\o-cp- Xp-S-®n´v hr≤ ]d™p: ASn-ÿm\\ ]mTm-hen \"\"aØmb- ns- bmt≠m Cu Iq´Ø- nev! Aht- \\ms- Sm∂p ]dt™, Fs‚ ssItb¬ ]nSn®v hS-t°-Xn-te-s°m-∂p- sIm≠pt]mIm≥. Rm\\-hnsS sIS∂p NtØm-fmw. \\μn-sI´ Cu hwi-Øns‚ IqsS F\\n°p Ign-bm≥ta-e. C∂se ChnsS Cu sIm®p-ß-sf-t∏mepw Adn-bn-°msX am∏n-tfw s]ºntfw IqSn tImgnsb thhn®p Xnt∂®v Ahs‚ t]cn¬ tIkpw. Ahs\\ Ahs‚ ]m´n\\p hnt´®p \\nßfp \\nßsS tPmen-°p-t]m-bo≥.'' heyΩ Fgp-t∂‰p ap‰-tØ-°n-d-ßn. aØmbn ]Sn°p shfn-bn¬ NmSn. heyΩ a¿t°m-kns\\ sI´n-∏n-Sn®v DΩ-sIm-Sp-Øn´p ]d™p: \"\"Fs‚ aI-t\\, Cu \\μn- sI-´-h-cpsS CS-bo∂v I¿Øm-sh-s∂-bßp hnfn-®n-cp-s∂-¶n¬!'' Cu høm-th-en-bn¬ \\n∂v Xe-h-en-°m≥ aØmbn Iptd ]mSp-s]-tS≠n h∂p. Imcq-cns‚ IY-Iƒ (Imcq¿ \\oe-I-WvT-∏n≈)  \"\"AXns‚ Poh≥ t]mIp-∂Xp ImWp-tºmƒ IÆp-\\n-d-bm-Ø-Xv, IÆn¬°qSn htc-≠- sh≈w hmbn¬ Dudp-∂-Xp-sIm-≠mWv.'' IYm-IrØv ChnsS Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p∂ kmaq-lnI-hn-a¿i\\w hne-bn-cpØn Ipdn∏p Xbm-dm-°p-I.  \"\"aØm-bnsbmt≠m Cu Iq´-Ønev! Ah-t\\m-sSm∂p ]dt™, Fs‚ ssItb¬ ]nSn®v hS-t°-Xn-te-s°m∂p sIm≠pt]mIm≥. Rm≥ AhnsS sIS∂p NtØm- fmw.'' aØm-bn-bpsS AΩ a‰p IYm-]m-{X-ß-fn¬\\n∂v Fßs\\ hyXy-kvX-bm-bn-cn- °p∂p? hni-Ie\\w sNbvXp Ipdn∏p Xbmd- m°- pI- .  D-S-\\ofw {]I-S-am-Ip∂ Bt£-]-lm-ky-amWv \"tImgn-bpw Ing-hnbpw' F∂ IYsb Bkzm-Zy-am-°p-∂-Xv. IY-bn¬\\n∂v sXfn-hp-Iƒ Is≠Øn Bkzm-Z\\w Xbm-dm- °pI- .  Ht´sd \\mS-Iobaplq¿Ø-߃ \"tImgn-bpw Ing-hnbpw' F∂ IY-bn-ep-≠-t√m; a\\pj- y\\- ∑- I- ƒ shfns- ∏S- pØ- p∂ kμ¿`ß- fpw. CØcw aplq¿Øß- ƒ Is≠Øn \\mS-Im-hn-jvI-cWw \\S-Øp-I. 43

a]Øv ebmfw  \"\"Hcp IømesIm≠p th¿Xncn°s∏´ c≠p ]dºv. apºv c≠pw H∂mbncp∂p''. (tImgnbpw Inghnbpw) {]fbc£m{]h¿Ø\\Øn\\p XS ambXv aXnepIfpw tK‰pIfpw. Ah-bn¬ CSn-®mWv c£m{]h¿Ø\\Øns\\Ønb \\nch[n h≈߃ XI¿∂Xv.- $ {]fbZpc¥w a\\pjy¿°nSbnse F√m aXnepIfpw XI¿sØdn™p (]{X-hm¿Ø-I- fn¬ \\n∂v). kvt\\lkulrZ߃°v FØns∏Sm\\mhmØ hn[w a\\pjy¿°nSbn¬ AZriyamb aXnepIƒ C∂pw \\ne\\n¬°p∂pt≠m? apI-fn¬ \\¬Inb kqN-\\-Ifpw ka-Im-enI kmaq-lnIkml-N-cy-ßfpw hni-I-e\\w sNbvXp teJ\\w Xbmdm°pI. 44

]Øv \\nem-hp-s]-øp∂ \\m´p-h-gn-Iƒ ASn-ÿm\\ ]mTm-hen {io\\mcm-b-W-Kpcp aX{- KŸ- ß- ƒs°∂- t- ]ms- e, almfl- m°- f- psS Pohn- X-k-tμ-i-߃°pw \\nco-£-W-ÿm-\\-t`Zw sIm≠v `n∂-`n∂ hymJym-\\-ß-fp-≠m-hpI km[m-c-W-am-Wv. {io\\m-cm-bWktμ-i-ßsf tZi-Im-tem-Nn-X-ambn hymJym-\\n-°p-Ibpw hne-bn-cp-Øp-Ibpw sNøpI F∂Xv C∂sØ Hcm-h-iy-am-Ip-∂p. `mc-X-Øns‚ \\thm-∞m-\\-Øn\\v A]-cn-Xym-Py-am- bn-Øo¿∂ Hcp I¿Ω-]-cn-]m-Sn-bmWv A[xIrX- h¿tKm-≤m-cWw. B[p-\\nIImesØ [¿Ω-ÿm-]- \\-Øn-\\p≈ apJy-am¿Khpw AXm-Ip-∂p. dmw- taml≥dmbv, Zbm-\\-μ-k-c-kz-Xn, cma-Ir-jvW-]-c-a- lwk≥, kzman hnth-Im-\\-μ≥ XpS-ßnb I¿Ω-tbm- Kn-Iƒ Pohn-®Xpw {]h¿Øn-®Xpw Cu [¿Ωw ]p\\- ÿm-]n-°m≥ th≠n-bm-Wv. {io\\m-cm-b-W-Kp-cphpw Cu am¿Kw Xs∂-bmWv {][m-\\-ambn Ah-ew-_n-®- Xv. tbmKnbpw AssZz-Xnbpw Bbn-cp∂ Cu alm- ]p-cp-j≥ ]e bXn-h-cycpw sNøm-dp-≈-Xp t]mse kztam-£sØ e£y-am°n {]hr-Øn-cw-KØp \\n∂v \\nhr-Ø-\\m-bn√ F∂Xv ChnsS FSpØp ]d-tb- ≠-Xp-≠v. `mc-Xo-b-th-Zm-¥-Øns‚ ]c-a-e-£y-amb tam£w hy‡nsb am{Xw kw_-‘n-°p∂ DZm-Øo- Ir-X-amb Hcp Xcw kzm¿YX Xs∂-bm-Ip-∂p. X]- »‡n kw`-cn® F{Xtbm k∂ym-kn-am-cpsS I¿Ω- i‡n Cu kzm¿YX aqew kaq-l-Øn\\p {]tbm-P- \\-s∏-SmsX t]mbn-´p-≠v. F∂m¬ {io\\m-cm-b-W-Kp- cp-hm-I-s´, X]-›-cy-sIm≠p hnI-kn® kzIo-b-amb hy‡n-a-lØzsØ kaq-tlm-∂-a-\\-Øn-\\mbn hn\\n- tbm-Kn-®p. Xs‚ tbmK-i-‡n-sbbpw ⁄m\\-i-‡n- sbbpw At±lw B[ym-fln-I-a-fi-e-Øn¬ AS-®p- ]q´n kq£n-°msX euIn-I-X-e-Øn-te°pw {]k- cn-∏n®p. _lp-e£w P\\-ß-fpsS A‘-Im-c-Po-hn-X- Øn¬ {]Imiw ]cØn Ahsc kzmX-{¥y-t_m-[- ap≈ a\\p-jy-cm-°n. \\q‰m-≠p-I-fmbn Nhn-´n-sa-Xn-°- 45

a]Øv ebmfw s∏´p InS∂ a\\p-jy-XzsØ At±lw kap-≤-cn-®p. PmXn-∏n-im-Nns\\ D®m-S\\w sNbvXp tIc-fo-bsc a\\p-jyXzw ]Tn-∏n® GI-Kp-cp-\\m-Y-s\\∂pw Cu Ejn-h- cys\\ hnti-jn-∏n-°mw. ⁄m\\-kn-≤\\pw AtX-k-abw I¿Ω-kn-≤-\\p-am-bn-cp∂p At±-lw. I¿Ω-⁄m-\\-ßsf ka-\\z-bn-∏n-®p-sIm-≠p≈ {]mtbmKn-I-th-Zm-¥- Øn-\\mWv Kpcp {]m[m\\yw Iev]n-®Xv. {]]-©-Øns‚ anYy-Xz-Øn¬ {`an-®p -I¿Ω-hn-ap-J-cmbn Ae-k-Po-hnXw \\bn- °p∂ C¥y≥ k∂ym-kn-am¿°v {io\\m-cm-b-Ws‚ tkh-\\-k-a¿∏n-X-amb PohnXw al-Øm-sbmcp amXr-I-bm-tI-≠-Xm-Wv. F∂m¬ A[x-Ir-X-h¿tKm- ≤m-c-I≥ F∂ \\ne-bn¬ am{X-a√ \\mw At±-lsØ ImtW-≠-Xv. a\\p-jy-Pm- Xn-sb∂ hniz-hn-im-e-amb Bi-b-Øns‚ {]Y-am-h-Xm-c-I≥, aX-sØbpw ssZh- sØbpw AssZz-X-ZrjvSym GI-Xz-Øn¬ hne-bn-∏n® XØz-Z¿in, kl-{km- _vZ-ß-fmbn \\ne-\\n-∂p-t]m∂ aqVm-Nm-c-]m-c-º-cy-sØbpw A‘-hn-izm-k-ß- sfbpw [oc-X-tbmsS [zwkn®v kmaqlnIPo-hn-X-Øn¬ hnπhw krjvSn® D¬∏- Xn-jvWp, bp‡y-\\p-`-h-ß-fpsS ASn-ÿm-\\-Øn¬ GXp- a-X-{]-am-W-sØbpw XØz-kw-ln-X-sbbpw \\n»¶w \\ncq-]Ww sNbvX kzX-{¥-Nn-¥-I≥ F∂o hnhn-[ -\\n-e-I-fn¬ {io\\m-cm-b-W≥ Hcp -]q¿hm-Nm-cy-\\mbn {]tim-`n-®n-´p-≠v. CXc aXm-Nm-cy-∑m-sc-t∏mse B[ym-fln-I-X-sbbpw `uXn-I-Xz-sØbpw th¿Xn-cn®p \\n¿Øn c≠m-a-tØ-Xns\\ Xp—o-I-cn®p ImWn-∏m≥ At±lw Hcn- °epw apXn¿∂n-´n-√. c≠pw Pohn-X-Øns‚ Ahn-`-‡-L-S-I-ßfpw ka-{]-[m-\\- ß-fp-am-sW∂ XØz-amWv Kpcp Z¿in-®n-cp-∂-Xv. am{X-a-√, \"\"aX-ta-Xm-bmepw sIm≈mw, a\\p-jy≥ \\∂m-bm¬ aXn'' F∂ kp{]-kn-≤-amb Kpcp-h-N-\\-Øn¬ a\\p-jy-\\-∑-bv°m-Wt√m {]m[m-\\yw. B \\∑bv°v aXw AXym-h-iy-a-s√∂ [z\\n-IqSn AXn-ep-≠v. a‰p- a-X-{]-Nm-c-I-∑m¿ Ah-\\-hs‚ aX-am-Ip∂ ]pg-bpsS Bghpw \\ofhpw Af∂p ImWn®p {]Nm-cW s]cp-º-d-ap-g-°n-b-t∏mƒ, {io\\m-cm-b-W-Kpcp lnμp-a-X-sØ-∏‰n Hc-£-chpw ]d-bmsX F√m- a-X-\\-Zn-Ifpw sN∂p-tN-cp∂ alm-k-ap-{Z-sØ-∏-‰n-bmWv kwkm-cn-®-sX∂ kwKXn G‰hpw A¿Y-h-Øm-Ip-∂p. hmkvX-h-Øn¬ aXm-Xo-X-\\mb Hcp -X-Øz-⁄m-\\n-bm-bn- cp∂p At±lw. \"\"]e-a-X-km-c-hp-ta-I-sa∂p ]mcm˛ Xpe-In-sem-cm-\\-bn-e-‘-sc-∂-t]mse ]e-hn-[- bp‡n ]d™p ]ma-c-∑m˛ ce-bp-h-tXm¿Ø-e-bm-Xn-cp-∂n-tS-Ww'' F∂ D]-tZ-i-Ønse A‘-K-P-\\ymbw sIm≠v At±lw aX-t`-Z-ßsf Ifn-bm- °p-I-IqSn sNøp∂p≠v. \"\"Hcp PmXn, Hcp aXw, Hcp ssZhw a\\p-jy\\v'' F∂ {io\\m-cm-bWktμiw F°m-eØpw GXp cmPyØpw hne-t∏m-Ip-∂Xpw GXp kap-Zm-b-Øn-s‚bpw kmwkvIm-cnIhnI-k-\\-Øn\\v AXy¥w D]-I-cn-°p-∂-Xp- amb Hcp hnin-jvSm-i-b-am-Wv. `qap-JsØ hnIr-X-am-°p∂ ka-kvX- Pm-Xn-a-X- h¿K-t`-Z-ßfpw AkvX-an®v tIh-e-amb a\\p-jy-Xz-Øns‚ k¿hm-t«-jn-bmb at\\m-l-c-cq]w B ktμ-i-Øn¬ s]m¥n-h-cp-∂p. t`Z-ß-f-kvX-an-®m¬, km[m- c-Wm¿Y-Øn¬ \\ne-hn-ep≈ aX-ß-sf√mw C√m-Xm-Ip-a-t√m. At∏mƒ ]ns∂ PmXnIƒ°pw _lp-hn-[-ssZ-h-߃°pw \\n¬°-°-≈n-bp-≠m-In-√. 46

\\nem-hp-s]-øp∂ \\m´p-h-gn-Iƒ A¥mcmjv{So-b-ta-J-e-bn¬ C∂p cq]w]q≠p -Xp-S-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂ GI-tem-I- ASn-ÿm\\ sa∂ Bi-b-Øns‚ Hcp ap{Zm-hm-Iy-ambn {]kvXpX ktμ-isØ ]cn-K- ]mTm-hen Wn-°mw. Hcp {]tXyI aXsØ Bkv]-Z-am°n {io\\m-cm-b-W-Kpcp t£{X-߃ ÿm]n-®n-´p-s≠∂ Imcyw ChnsS hnkva-cn-°p-∂n-√. ]t£, AXp ]ma-c-`q- cn-]-£-ap≈ A[x-ÿn-X-k-ap-Zm-b-ßsf ]Sn-]-Sn-bmbn Db¿Øn-s°m≠p hcp- ∂-Xn-\\m-hiy-amb Hcp X¬°m-tem-]m-[n- am-{X-am-bn-cp-∂p. t£{X-߃ C\\n Bh-iy-an-s√∂pw X¬ÿm\\Øp hnZym-`ymkÿm]-\\-ßtfm sXmgn¬- imeItfm BWv th≠-sX∂pw At±lw A\\-¥-c-Im-eØp Xpd-∂p-]-d-™n- ´p-≠v. Kpcp HSp-hn¬ \\S-Ønb IÆmSn{]Xn-jvTtbm? a\\p-jys‚ [ym\\-e£yw a\\p-jy≥ Xs∂-bm-sW∂pw Ahs‚ A¥»‡n-bpsS hnIm-k-am-Wm-h-iy- sa∂pw D≈ hkvXp-X-bt√ AXp shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv? km¿he- uI- nI- Xzw (Universality) {io\\mc- mb- t- Wm]- t- Zi- ß- f- psS Hcp {]tXy- I-X-bm-Wv. N{I-hmfwt]mse, ASp-°p-t¥mdpw Ah IqSp-X¬ A¿Y-hn-kvXr- X-am-Ipw. bmsXmcp kwi-bhpw IqSmsX B¿°pw a\\- n-em-I-Ø-°-hn[w G‰hpw efn-X-amb `mj-bn-emWv Ah cNn-X-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. AtXka-bw, kq{X-hm-Iy-k-Zr-i-amb A¿Y-Kmw-`o-cyhpw Ah-bn¬ ImWmw. Xm≥ ]d-bp- ∂Xp ]ma-c-P-\\-ß-fpsS D≈nepw Ipdn-°p-sIm-≈-W-sa∂p Kpcp Icp-Xn-bn-cp- ∂p. kztX au\\n-bm-bn-cp-s∂-¶nepw A¬∏`m-jWw sIm≠p t{imXm-°ƒ°p kwi-b-\\n-hrØn hcp-Øm≥ At±lw AXn-hn-Z-Kv[-\\p-am-bn-cp-∂p. Nne-t∏mƒ efn-tXm-Zm-l-c-W-ß-fn¬ IqSn-bm-bn-cn°pw Bi-bm-hn-jvI-c-Ww. \"\"PmXn H∂m- sW-∂-Xn\\v sXfn-shm∂pw th≠-t√m. Hcp ]´n thsdmcp ]´nsb I≠m¬ AXns‚ kz¥w PmXn-bm-sW∂p a\\- n-em-°p-∂p. F√m arK-߃°pw Cu hI-Xn-cn-hp-≠v. AX-\\p-k-cn®v Pohn-°p-∂p-ap-≠v. a\\p-jy¿°p am{Xw kwibw, kz¥w PmXn Xncn-®-dn-bm-\\p≈ i‡n-bn-√. arK-ß-tf-°mfpw tamiw.'' Cu kw`m-j-W-Øn¬ D±n-jvS-amb Bibw F{X Dut°msS \\ΩpsS a\\- n¬ Xd-®p-I-b-dp-∂p-s≠∂p t\\m°p-I. hnZym-`ym-kw, hyh-kmbw, kwL-S-\\, Pohn-X-ip-≤n ˛CsXm-s°-bmWv A[xÿnX-k-ap-Zm-b-߃°p th≠-sX∂p Kpcp IqsS-°qsS ]d-™n-cp-∂p. Cßs\\ \\m\\m-{]-Im-tcW BZ¿i-im-enXbpw {]mtbm-Kn-I-_p-≤nbpw CW- ßn-t®¿∂n-cp∂ Hcp bpKm-Nm-cy-\\m-bn-cp∂p {io\\m-cm-b-W≥. tIc-fsØ PmXn- ∏m-Xm-f-Øn¬\\n∂p-b¿Øn AXns‚ {`m¥m-e-bXzw \\nt»jw \\o°w sNbvXp- sh-∂-Xp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ At±lw \\ap-s°-√m-h¿°pw {]mXxkvac-Wo-b-\\m-Ip- ∂p. B al-®cn-Xhpw alm-kq‡-ßfpw `mhn-X-e-ap-d-Iƒ°pw {]tNm-Z\\w \\¬Ipamdm-I-s´. {io\\m-cm-b-W-Kp-cp˛ Poh-N-cn-{Xhpw Kp-cp-kvarXnIfpw (Ip‰n-∏pg IrjvW-]n≈) 47

a]Øv ebmfw  teJ-Is‚ A`n-{]m-b-Øn¬, C¥ybnse a‰p k∂ym-kn-h-cy-∑m-cn¬\\n∂v {io\\m-cm-b-W-Kp-cp-hns\\ hyXy-kvX-\\m-°p∂ khn-ti-j-X-Iƒ Fs¥√mw? Kpcp-Z¿i-\\-ß-fpsS ka-Im-en-I-{]-k‡n hni-Zo-I-cn®v eLq]-\\ymkw Xbm-dm-°pI.  \"\"aX-ta-Xm-bmepw sIm≈mw, a\\p-jy≥ \\∂m-bm¬ aXn'', \"\"Hcp PmXn, Hcp aXw, Hcp ssZhw a\\p-jy\\v'' F∂o B]vX-hm-Iy-ß-fpsS A¿Y-hym-]vXn-sb-°p-dn®p≈ teJ- Is‚ \\nco-£-W-߃ kw{K-ln-s®-gp-Xp-I.  {io\\m-cm-b-W-Kp-cp-hns‚ \\¿tΩm‡n Ie¿∂ kw`-h-I-Y-Iƒ ]eXpw Nnt¥m-±o-]- Ißfpw A‘-hn-izm-k-ßsf Xpd∂pIm´p-∂-h-bp-am-Wv. AØcw Nne kw`hIY- Iƒ tiJ-cn®v ¢mkn¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-®v N¿®sNøp-I.  {]kn≤w kp{]-kn≤w Ip{]-kn≤w Cu aq∂p ]Z-ß-fpsSbpw A¿Yw hyXy-kvX-am-hp-∂Xv F¥p-sIm-≠m-Wv? A¿Y- hy-Xymkw hcp-Øp-∂-Xn\\p ]Zm-Zn-bn¬ tN¿°p∂ i_vZ-߃/{]Xy-b-߃ GsX√mw? CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ IqSp-X¬ ]Z-߃ Is≠Øn hni-I-e\\w sNøp-I. 48

Rm≥ Fs∂-°p-dn®v \\nem-hp-s]-øp∂ \\m´p-h-gn-Iƒ ASn-ÿm\\ ]mTm-hen NphsS sImSp-Ø-h-bn¬ GsXms° Imcy-ß-fn¬ \\n߃°v F{X-tØmfw apt∂- dm≥ Ign-™n-´p≠v F∂v AS-bm-f-s∏-Sp-Øp-I. (anIhpt\\Sn F∂-Xn\\v \"' F∂pw C\\nbpw sa®-s∏-S-W-sa-¶n¬ \"+' F∂pw anIhv Xosc -Ip-d-sh-¶n¬ \"X' F∂pw AS-bmfs∏-Sp-Øp-I). $ hnhn[ cN-\\-Iƒ hmbn®v kzmwio-I-cn® {]k-‡-amb Bi-b-߃ N¿®-I- fnepw a‰pw DNnXkμ¿`-ß-fn¬ bp‡n-]q¿hw Ah-X-cn-∏n-°m≥ Ign-™n- ´p-≠v. $ e`n® hnj-b-hp-ambn _‘-s∏´v hmbn®pw N¿®-I-fn-te¿s∏´pw At\\z-jn®pw th≠{X Bib- ß- ƒ tiJc- n®v \\nbX- a- mb LS\\- b- n¬ D]\\- ymkw FgpXm≥ km[n-®n-´p-≠v. $ IY-Iƒ hmbn®v {]ta-bw, khn-tij-ap-lq¿Ø-߃, BJym-\\-co-Xn, kw`m- j-W-`m-K-ß-fnse {]tXy-I-X-Iƒ F∂nh hni-I-e\\w sNbvXv cN-\\-Iƒ \\n¿h-ln-°m\\mbn-´p-≠v. $ X∂n-cn-°p∂ hnj-b-hp-ambn _‘-s∏´ Nn{X-߃ tiJ-cn®v DNn-X-amb Xe-s°-´p-Iƒ, ASn-°p-dn-∏p-Iƒ F∂nh \\¬In BI¿j-I-amb hn\\ym-k- tØmsS ]Xn∏v Xbm-dm-°m≥ Ign-™n-´p-≠v. $ \\mS-Im-h-X-c-W-Øn¬ a‰p-≈-htcmsSm∏w ]s¶-SpØv, e`n® IYm-]m-{XsØ `wKn-bmbn Ah-X-cn-∏n-°m≥ km[n-®n-´p-≠v. $ kwhm-Z-Øn¬ ]s¶-SpØv ]mT-`m-K-ß-fn¬\\n∂v B¿Pn® Bi-b-ßsf kz¥w \\ne-]m-Sp-I-tfmsS bp‡n-]q¿hw AhXcn-∏n-°m≥ Ign-™n-´p-≠v. F. ]n. DZ-b-`m\\p Fgp-Øp-Imsc Adn-bpI (1915 ˛ 1999) Be-∏p-g-Pn-√-bnse ap´Øv P\\-\\w. anI® KZy-Im-c≥, kzmX{¥y- k-a-c-tk-\\m-\\n, ]{X-{]-h¿Ø-I≥, \\¿Ω-kv]¿i-ap≈ \\nc-h[n efnt- Xm]- \\- ymk- ß- f- psS I¿Ømhv F∂o \\neI- fn¬ {]ik- vX≥. {][m-\\- Ir-Xn-Iƒ AS-™ -hm-Xn¬, Fs‚ IY-bn-√m-bva-Iƒ, hr≤-hn-Nm-cw, Hm¿Ω- bpsS IÆm-Sn, sIm®p-N-°-c-®n, B\\bpw A¬∏w sXep-¶pw, H∂m\\mw sIm®p-Xp-ºn, A¿Yhpw A\\¿Y-hpw, kwkm-cn-°p∂ ssZhw, Ifnbpw Imcyhpw 49

a]Øv ebmfw sshtem-∏n≈n {io[-c-ta-t\\m≥ (1911 ˛ 1985 ) Fd-Wm-IpfsØ Ieqcn¬ P\\n-®p. \"Im®n-°p-dp-°nb IhnX' F∂v At±-l-Øns‚ cN-\\-Iƒ hnti-jn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. A[ym- ]-I-\\mbncp∂p. ka-kvX- tI-cf kmlnXy ]cn-j-Øv, tIcf kmlnXy A°m-Z-an, kmln-Xy-{]-h¿ØI kl-I-cW kwLw F∂n-h-bpsS t\\Xr-ÿm-\\Øp {]h¿Øn-®n-´p-≠v. tI{μ-˛-tI-c- f- km-lnXy A°m-Zan Ahm¿Up-Iƒ, hb-em¿ Ahm¿Uv, tkmhn-b-‰vem‚ v s\\lvdp Ahm¿Uv, HmS-°p-g¬ Ahm¿Uv F∂nh e`n-®p. {][m-\\- Ir-Xn-Iƒ I∂ns- °mb- vØv, {iotcJ- , IpSns- bmg- n°- ¬, HmW∏m´- pI- m¿, Ip∂na- W- nI- ƒ, hnØpw ssIt°m-´pw, IS¬°m-°-Iƒ, Ibv]-h-√-cn, hnS, aI-c-s°m-bvØv, an∂m-an-∂n, ]®-°p-Xn-c, Ip´n-°-hn-X-Iƒ, apIp-f-am-e, Ipcp-hn-Iƒ (Ihn-Xm-kam-lm-c-߃); arX-k-RvPo-h\\n (Im-hy-\\m-S-Iw); Eiy-irw-K\\pw Ae-Ivkm-≠dpw (\\m-S-Iw); Imhy- tem-I-kva-c-W-Iƒ (B-fl-I-Y) Imcq¿ \\oe-I-WvT∏n≈ (1898 ˛ 1975) G‰p-am-\\q-cn¬ P\\n-®p. IYm-Ir-Øv, A[ym-]-I≥, kmln-Xy-{]- h¿ØI kl-I-c-W-kw-L-Øns‚ ÿm]I sk{I-´dn. \\m´n≥ ]pd- sØ km[mc- Wa\\pj- yc- psS PohnXw, A[ym]- I- m\\- p`- h- ß- ƒ F∂nh IY-Iƒ°v hnj-b-am-bn-´p-≠v. tIcf kmlnXy A°m- Zan Ahm¿Uv e`n®p. {][m\\ IrXnIƒ ac-∏m-h-Iƒ, ]qhº-gw, ]nim-Nns‚ Ip∏m-bw, s]mXn-t®m-dv, sXc-s™-SpØ IY-Iƒ (sNdp-I-Ym-k-am-lmc߃); lcn, Kucn, ]™nbpw XpWnbpw (t\\mh-ep-Iƒ) Ip‰n-∏pg IrjvW-]n≈ (1900 -˛ 1971) Bep-h-bv°-SpØv Ip‰n-∏p-g-bn¬ P\\n-®p. kmlnXy\\ncq]I≥, A[ym]I≥, Nn¥-I≥ F∂o \\ne-I-fn¬ {]kn-≤≥. {][m\\ IrXnIƒ \\h-Z¿i-\\w, {KŸm-h-tem-I-\\w, kvac-W-a-RvP-cn, hna¿i-\\-hpw ho£-W-hpw, Xnc-s™-SpØ D]-\\ym-k-߃, kmln-Xo-bw, hnNm-c-hn-π-hw, hna¿i-c-ivan, kmln-Xo-IuXpIw 50