จำนวนเต็ม

☺ การบวก (Addition) ☺ การลบ (Subtraction) ☺ การคูณ (Multiplication) ☺ การหาร (Division) ******************** จดั ทําโดย นายปกครอง บญุ ปลื้ม

2 จาํ นวนเตม็ (Integer) ข้อตกลงเบือ้ งต้น แทน 1 และ เมอ่ื + = 0 หรือ เรยี กวา่ “จบั คูห่ าย” แทน –1 ดงั นนั้ 3 แทนด้วย –5 แทนดว้ ย ตวั อย่างที่ 1 จงหาคา่ ของ 3 + (–7) วิธที าํ 3 + (–7) เขียนแทนด้วย จะได้ ซงึ่ แทน –4 เนอ่ื งจากเหลือ ดงั นั้น 3 + (–7) = –4 ตวั อย่างท่ี 2 จงหาคา่ ของ (–6) + 9 วธิ ีทาํ (–6) + 9 เขยี นแทนด้วย จะได้ ซึ่งแทน 3 เนื่องจากเหลอื ดังน้นั (–6) + 9 = 3













9 1. [(–25) + 17 ] + [(–20) + 15 ] 1. [(–26) + 32 ] + [ 19 + (–29)] = ……….….... + …….….…... = ……..……... = ……….….... + …….….…... = ……..……... 2. [ 26 + (–18)] + [(–13) + 15 ] 2. [(–28) + 17 ] + [(–26) + 23 ] = ……….….... + …….….…... = ……..……... = ……….….... + …….….…... = ……..……... 3. [(–24) + 20 ] + [ 13 + (–12)] 3. [(–23) + 19 ] + [(–18) + 30 ] = ……….….... + …….….…... = ……..……... = ……….….... + …….….…... = ……..……... 4. [ 19 + (–12)] + [(–15) + 25 ] 4. [(–19) + 24 ] + [ 19 + (–35)] = ……….….... + …….….…... = ……..……... = ……….….... + …….….…... = ……..……... 5. [(–17) + 22 ] + [ 19 + (–27)] 5. [(–15) + 32 ] + [ 20 + (–34)] = ……….….... + …….….…... = ……..……... = ……….….... + …….….…... = ……..……... 6. [ 26 + (–22)] + [(–14) + 30 ] 6. {[ 19 + (–38)] + 27 } + (–20) = ……….….... + …….….…... = ……..……... = ……….….... + …….….…... = ……..……... 7. [(–18) + 31 ] + [(–19) + 25 ] 7. { 47 + [(–53) + 12 ]} + (–23) = ……….….... + …….….…... = ……..……... = ……….….... + …….….…... = ……..……... 8. [(–18) + 22 ] + [(–15) + 27 ] 8. 14 + {[(–19) + (–23)] + 24 } = ……….….... + …….….…... = ……..……... = ……….….... + …….….…... = ……..……... 9. [(–18) + 34 ] + [(–23) + 18 ] 9. {[ 19 + (–20)] + (–15)} + 30 = ……….….... + …….….…... = ……..……... = ……….….... + …….….…... = ……..……... 10. [(–17) + 27 ] + [ 37 + (–47)] 10. 22 + { 27 + [(–21) + (–32)]} = ……….….... + …….….…... = ……..……... = ……….….... + …….….…... = ……..……... 11. [(–13) + 30 ] + [ 45 + (–7)] 11. {[ 25 + (–30)] + (–12)} + 18 = ……….….... + …….….…... = ……..……... = ……….….... + …….….…... = ……..……...

10 แบบฝกึ หดั ท่ี 2 การลบจํานวนเตม็ 1. 5 – 7 = ……… 1. 7 – (–3) = ……… 1. 5 – (–6) = ……… 2. 6 – 8 = ……… 2. 4 – (–9) = ……… 2. (–3) – (–8) = ……… 3. 4 – 3 = ……… 3. 9 – (–6) = ……… 3. (–7) – 9 = ……… 4. 9 – 2 = ……… 4. 7 – (–2) = …… 4. (–4) – 6 = ……… 5. 7 – 9 = ……… 5. 3 – (–5) = ……… 5. (–6) – (–3) = ……… 6. (–6) – (–4) = ……… 6. 4 – (–6) = ……… 6. (–8) – (–9) = ……… 7. (–8) – (–9) = ……… 7. 7 – (–9) = ……… 7. 5 – (–9) = ……… 8. (–4) – (–5) = ……… 8. (–8) – 5 = ……… 8. 2 – (–3) = ……… 9. (–8) – (–3) = ……… 9. (–9) – 4 = ……… 9. 16 – (–9) = ……… 10. (–7) – (–7) = ……… 10. (–8) – (–5) = ……… 10. (–18) – 6 = ……… 11. (–6) – 9 = ……… 11. (–3) – (–9) = ……… 11. (–19) – (–6) = ……… 12. (–8) – 7 = ……… 12. (–7) – (–6) = ……… 12. (–14) – 15 = ……… 13. (–3) – 8 = ……… 13. (–8) – (–3) = ……… 13. 18 – (–6) = ……… 14. (–9) – 4 = ……… 14. (–7) – 8 = ……… 14. 13 – (–18) = ……… 15. (–5) – 9 = ……… 15. (–5) – (–6) = ……… 15. (–18) – 19 = ……… 16. 5 – (–8) = ……… 16. (–8) – 9 = ……… 16. (–17) – (–13) = ………

11 1. (–16) – 14 = ……… 1. (–12) – (–8) = ……… 1. 33 – (–17) = ……… 2. 15 – (–8) = ……… 2. 17 – (–9) = ……… 2. (–45) – (–12) = ……… 3. (–16) – 18 = ……… 3. (–22) – 8 = ……… 3. (–36) – 14 = ……… 4. (–14) – (–19) = ……… 4. (–3) – (–16) = ……… 4. 48 – (–50) = ……… 5. (–16) – 30 = ……… 5. 18 – (–9) = ……… 5. (–32) – (–45) = ……… 6. 12 – (–32) = ……… 6. (–7) – 14 = ……… 6. (–72) – 15 = ……… 7. (–15) – (–14) = ……… 7. 15 – (–12) = ……… 7. 88 – (–22) = ……… 8. (–17) – 21 = ……… 8. (–18) – (–3) = ……… 8. (–35) – 12 = ……… 9. (–11) – (–33) = ……… 9. (–19) – 22 = ……… 9. (–18) – (–33) = ……… 10. (–14) – 19 = ……… 10. 16 – (–8) = ……… 10. 49 – (–16) = ……… 11. (–13) – (–17) = ……… 11. (–14) – (–22) = ……… 11. (–68) – 25 = ……… 12. 7 – (–2) = ……… 12. 36 – (–18) = ……… 12. (–60) – (–45) = ……… 13. 25 – (–8) = ……… 13. (–19) – 5 = ……… 13. 37 – (–21) = ……… 14. (–18) – (–9) = ……… 14. (–21) – (–30) = ……… 14. (–48) – (–32) = ……… 15. (–15) – 7 = ……… 15. 16 – (–40) = ……… 15. (–49) – 56 = ……… 16. 12 – (–2) = ……… 16. (–32) – 8 = ……… 16. (–82) – (–18) = ………

12 1. [(–5) – 7 ] – (–2) = …………….… 1. (–6) – [ 9 – (–9)] = …………….… 2. [ 6 – (–8)] – (–3) = …………….… 2. [(–8) – 7 ] – (–6) = …………….… 3. (–4) – [ 3 – (–2)] = …………….… 3. [(–3) – 8 ] – 8 = …………….… 4. [ 9 – (–2)] – (–5) = …………….… 4. [(–9) – 4 ] – (–9) = …………….… 5. (–7) – [ 9 – (–7)] = …………….… 5. (–5) – [ 9 – (–4)] = …………….… 6. [ 3 – (–8)] – (–7) = …………….… 6. [ 5 – (–8)] – (–7) = …………….… 7. (–1) – [(–2) – 9 ] = …………….… 7. 7 – [(–3) – 6 ] = …………….… 8. [(–4) – (–6)] – (–3) = …………….… 8. 4 – [(–9) – (–3)] = …………….… 9. (–7) – [(–9) – 2 ] = …………….… 9. [ 9 + (–6)] – (–5) = …………….… 10. (–4) – [(–3) – (–5)] = …………….… 10. 7 – [(–2) – (–2)] = …………….… 11. (–5) – [ 4 – (–9)] = …………….… 11. (–3) – [ 9 – (–7)] = …………….… 12. [ 4 – (–6)] – (–3) = …………….… 12. [ 6 – (–2)] – (–7) = …………….… 13. (–6) – [(–7) – 5 ] = …………….… 13. 7 – [(–9) – 4 ] = …………….… 14. [(–9) – (–3)] – (–4) = …………….… 14. 6 – [(–2) – (–3)] = …………….… 15. (–6) – [(–8) – 8 ] = …………….… 15. [ 8 + (–2)] – (–5) = …………….… 16. (–5) – [(–3) – (–4)] = …………….… 16. 7 – [(–8) – (–5)] = …………….…

13 1. [(–15) – 17 ] – (–2) = ….…………… 1. (–16) – [ 19 – (–9)] = ….…………… 2. [ 16 – (–8)] – (–13) = ….…………… 2. [(–8) – 17 ] – (–16) = ….…………… 3. (–14) – [ 13 – (–2)] = ….…………… 3. [(–13) – 18 ] – (–18) = ….…………… 4. [ 9 – (–12)] – (–15) = ….…………… 4. [(– 19) – 4 ] – 19 = ….…………… 5. (–7) – [ 19 – (–17)] = ….…………… 5. (–15) – [ 20 – (–4)] = ….…………… 6. [ 16 – (–6)] – (–14) = ….…………… 6. [ 11 – (–18)] – (–7) = ….…………… 7. (–18) – [(–9) – 15 ] = ….…………… 7. 17 – [(–13) – 12 ] = ….…………… 8. [(–14) – 24 ] – (–5) = ….…………… 8. 14 – [(–19) – (–3)] = ….…………… 9. (–18) – [(–13) – 8 ] = ….…………… 9. [ 19 – (–20)] – (–5) = ….…………… 10. (–17) – [ 17 – (–17)] = ….…………… 10. 17 – [(–20) – (–12)] = ….…………… 11. [(–5) – 35 ] – (–6) = ….…………… 11. (–45) – [ 9 – (–79)] = ….…………… 12. [ 26 – (–2)] – (–11) = ….…………… 12. [(–6) – 27 ] – (–3) = ….…………… 13. (–34) – [ 22 – (–1)] = ….…………… 13. [(–42) – 8 ] – (–12) = ….…………… 14. [ 7 – (–55)] – (–5) = ….…………… 14. [(–35) – 5 ] – 24 = ….…………… 15. (–32) – [ 15 – (–7)] = ….…………… 15. (–51) – [ 30 – (–5)] = ….…………… 16. [ 23 – (–27)] – (–9) = ….…………… 16. [ 42 – (–4)] – (–10) = ….……………

14 1. [(–25) – 17 ] – [(–20) – 15 ] 1. [(–26) – 32 ] – [ 19 – (–29)] = ……….….... – …….….…... = ……..……... = ……….….... – …….….…... = ……..……... 2. [ 26 – (–18)] – [(–13) – 15 ] 2. [(–28) – 17 ] – [(–26) – 23 ] = ……….….... – …….….…... = ……..……... = ……….….... – …….….…... = ……..……... 3. [(–24) – 20 ] – [ 13 – (–12)] 3. [(–23) – 19 ] – [(–18) – 30 ] = ……….….... – …….….…... = ……..……... = ……….….... – …….….…... = ……..……... 4. [ 19 – (–12)] – [(–15) – 25 ] 4. [(–19) – 24 ] – [ 19 – (–35)] = ……….….... – …….….…... = ……..……... = ……….….... – …….….…... = ……..……... 5. [(–17) – 22 ] – [ 19 – (–27)] 5. [(–15) – 32 ] – [ 20 – (–34)] = ……….….... – …….….…... = ……..……... = ……….….... – …….….…... = ……..……... 6. [ 26 – (–22)] – [(–14) – 30 ] 6. {[ 19 – (–38)] – 27 } – (–20) = ……….….... – …….….…... = ……..……... = ……….….... – …….….…... = ……..……... 7. [(–18) – 31 ] – [(–19) – 25 ] 7. { 47 – [(–53) – 12 ]} – (–23) = ……….….... – …….….…... = ……..……... = ……….….... – …….….…... = ……..……... 8. [(–18) – 22 ] – [(–15) – 27 ] 8. 14 – {[(–19) – (–23)] – 24 } = ……….….... – …….….…... = ……..……... = ……….….... – …….….…... = ……..……... 9. [(–18) – 34 ] – [(–23) – 18 ] 9. {[ 19 – (–20)] – (–15)} – 30 = ……….….... – …….….…... = ……..……... = ……….….... – …….….…... = ……..……... 10. [(–17) – 27 ] – [ 37 – (–47)] 10. 22 – {27 – [(–21) – (–32)]} = ……….….... – …….….…... = ……..……... = ……….….... – …….….…... = ……..……... 11. [(–22) – 9 ] – [ 15 – (–30)] 11. [(–55) – 15 ] – [ 40 – (–27)] = ……….….... – …….….…... = ……..……... = ……….….... – …….….…... = ……..……...

15 แบบฝึกหดั ท่ี 3 การคูณจาํ นวนเตม็ 1. 5 × 2 = ……… 1. (–5) × 9 = ……… 1. (–8) × (–3) = ……… 2. 5 × (–8) = ……… 2. (–7) × 8 = ……… 2. 6 × 8 = ……… 3. 7 × (–3) = ……… 3. (–5) × (–6) = ……… 4. 4 × (–9) = ……… 4. (–8) × 5 = ……… 3. 4 × 3 = ……… 5. 9 × (–6) = ……… 5. 5 × (–6) = ……… 6. 7 × (–2) = ……… 6. (–3) × (–8) = ……… 4. 9 × 2 = ……… 7. 3 × (–5) = ……… 7. (–7) × 9 = ……… 8. 4 × (–6) = ……… 8. (–4) × 6 = ……… 5. 7 × 9 = ……… 9. 7 × (–9) = ……… 9. (–6) × (–3) = ……… 10. (–8) × 5 = ……… 10. (–8) × (–9) = ……… 6. (–6) × (–4) = ……… 11. (–9) × 4 = ……… 11. 5 × (–9) = ……… 12. (–8) × (–5) = ……… 12. 2 × (–3) = ……… 7. (–8) × (–9) = ……… 13. (–3) × (–9) = ……… 13. (–7) × (–8) = ……… 14. (–7) × (–6) = ……… 14. 3 × (–7) = ……… 8. (–4) × (–5) = ……… 9. (–8) × (–3) = ……… 10. (–7)× (–7) = ……… 11. (–6) × 9 = ……… 12. (–8) × 7 = ……… 13. (–3) × 8 = ……… 14. (–9) × 4 = ………

16 1. 16 × (–9) = ……… 1. (–7) × 21 = ……… 1. (–53) × 12 = ……… 2. (–18) × 6 = ……… 2. (–12) × (–3) = ……… 2. (–88) × (–15) = ……… 3. (–19) × (–6) = ……… 3. (–14) × 9 = ……… 3. (–32) × (–10) = ……… 4. (–14) × 5 = ……… 4. (–13) × (–7) = ……… 4. (–41) × 7 = ……… 5. 18 × (–6) = ……… 5. 7 × (–2) = ……… 5. 46 × (–3) = ……… 6. 3 × (–18) = ……… 6. (–11) × 9 = ……… 6. (–38) × (–14) = ……… 7. (–18) × 9 = ……… 7. (–29) × (–2) = ……… 7. (–17) × 11 = ……… 8. (–17) × (–3) = ……… 8. (–35) × 3 = ……… 8. (–18) × (–30) = ……… 9. (–16) × 4 = ……… 9. 36 × (–2) = ……… 9. (–54) × (–3) = ……… 10. 15 × (–8) = ……… 10. 7 × (–15) = ……… 10. (–4) × 75 = ……… 11. (–16) × 8 = ……… 11. (–44) × 8 = ……… 11. 5 × (–54) = ……… 12. (–14) × (–9) = ……… 12. (–72) × (–5) = ……… 12. 21 × (–47) = ……… 13. (–16) × 3 = ……… 13. (–67) × 8 = ……… 13. (–35) × 6 = ……… 14. 12 × (–3) = ……… 14. 88 × (–5) = ……… 14. (–64) × (–8) = ……… 15. (–15) × (–4) = ……… 15. (–33) × (–4) = ……… 15. 89 × (–4) = ………

17 1. [(–5) × 7 ] × (–2) = ………………. 1. (–6) × [ 9 × (–9)] = ………………. 2. [ 6 × (–8)] × (–3) = ………………. 2. [(–8) × 7 ] × (–6) = ………………. 3. (–4) × [ 3 × (–2)] = ………………. 3. [(–3) × 8 ] × 8 = ………………. 4. [ 9 × (–2)] × (–5) = ………………. 4. [(–9) × 4 ] × (–9) = ………………. 5. (–7) × [ 9 × (–7)] = ………………. 5. (–5) × [ 9 × (–4)] = ………………. 6. [ 6 × (–6)] × (–4) = ………………. 6. [ 5 × (–8)] × (–7) = ………………. 7. (–8) × [(–9) × 5 ] = ………………. 7. 7 × [(–3) × 6 ] = ………………. 8. [(–4) × (–4)] × (–5) = ………………. 8. 4 × [(–9) × (–3)] = ………………. 9. (–8) × [(–3) × 8 ] = ………………. 9. [ 9 × (–6)] × (–5) = ………………. 10. (–7) × [(–7) × (–7)] = ………………. 10. 7 × [(–2) × (–2)] = ………………. 11. [ 2 × (–4)] × (–4) = ………………. 11. [ 7 × (–5)] × (–3) = ………………. 12. (–3) × [(–6) × 5 ] = ………………. 12. 6 × [(–8) × 4 ] = ………………. 13. [(–2) × (–7)] × (–6) = ………………. 13. 7 × [(–3) × (–2)] = ………………. 14. (–3) × [(–4) × 9 ] = ………………. 14. [ 8 × (–4)] × (–5) = ………………. 15. (–2) × [(–3) × (–9)] = ………………. 15. 9 × [(–5) × (–3)] = ……………….

18 1. [(–2) × 5 ] × 3 = ………………. 1. (–7) × [ 12 × (–8)] = ………………. 2. [ 4 × (–9)] × (–7) = ………………. 2. [ 6 × 11 ] × (–3) = ………………. 3. (–5) × [ 6 × (–2)] = ………………. 3. [(–15) × 2 ] × (–6) = ………………. 4. [ 8 × (–4)] × (–7) = ………………. 4. [(–5) × 8 ] × 7 = ………………. 5. 6 × [ 3 × (–8)] = ………………. 5. (–11) × [ 30 × 2 ] = ………………. 6. [ 5 × (–5)] × (–2) = ………………. 6. [ 12 × (–7)] × 3 = ………………. 7. (–4) × [ 3 × 6 ] = ………………. 7. 8 × [(–9) × 15 ] = ………………. 8. [(–7) × 10 ] × (–8) = ………………. 8. 3 × [(–7) × (–8)] = ………………. 9. (–5) × [(–4) × 10 ] = ………………. 9. [ 4 × (–30)] × 4 = ………………. 10. (–6) × [ 5 × 4 ] = ………………. 10. 5 × [(–13) × (–2)] = ………………. 11. [ 20 × (–6)] × 8 = ………………. 11. [ 5 × (–2)] × (–7) = ………………. 12. (–9) × [(–3) × 3 ] = ………………. 12. (–7) × [(–9) × 10 ] = ………………. 13. [(–12) × 3 ] × 5 = ………………. 13. [(–12) × 9 ] × (–3) = ………………. 14. (–10) × [(–2) × 11 ] = ………………. 14. (–6) × [(–18) × 5 ] = ………………. 15. 4 × [(–5) × 9 ] = ………………. 15. (–7) × [ 19 × 2 ] = ……………….

19 1. [(–2) × 7 ] × [(–2) × (–5)] 1. [(–6) × 2 ] × [ 9 × (–2)] = ……….….... × …….….…... = ……..……... = ……….….... × …….….…... = ……..……... 2. [ 6 × (–8)] × [(–3) × 5 ] 2. [(–8) × 7 ] × [(–2) × 2 ] = ……….….... × …….….…... = ……..……... = ……….….... × …….….…... = ……..……... 3. [(–4) × 2 ] × [ 3 × (–1)] 3. [(–2) × 9 ] × [(–8) × 30 ] = ……….….... × …….….…... = ……..……... = ……….….... × …….….…... = ……..……... 4. [ 9 × (–2)] × [(–5) × (–2)] 4. [(–9) × 2 ] × [ 9 × (–5)] = ……….….... × …….….…... = ……..……... = ……….….... × …….….…... = ……..……... 5. [(–7) × 2 ] × [ 9 × (–7)] 5. [(–15) × 2 ] × [ 20 × (–4 )] = ……….….... × …….….…... = ……..……... = ……….….... × …….….…... = ……..……... 6. [ 6 × (–2)] × [(–4) × (–10)] 6. {[ 9 × (–8)] × 2 } × (–20) = ……….….... × …….….…... = ……..……... = ……….….... × …….….…... = ……..……... 7. [(–8) × 3 ] × [(–9) × 2 ] 7. { 4 × [(–3) × 12 ]} × (–3) = ……….….... × …….….…... = ……..……... = ……….….... × …….….…... = ……..……... 8. [(–8) × 2 ] × [(–1) × 7 ] 8. 4 × {[(–1) × (–2)] × 4 } = ……….….... × …….….…... = ……..……... = ……….….... × …….….…... = ……..……... 9. [(–8) × (–4)] × [(–2) × (–8)] 9. {[ 9 × (–20)] × (–1)} × 30 = ……….….... × …….….…... = ……..……... = ……….….... × …….….…... = ……..……... 10. [(–7) × (–2)] × [ 3 × (–4)] 10. 2 × {7 × [(–2) × (–2)]} = ……….….... × …….….…... = ……..……... = ……….….... × …….….…... = ……..……...

20 แบบฝกึ หดั ท่ี 4 การหารจํานวนเต็ม 1. (–18) ÷ 2 = ……… 1. (–45) ÷ 9 = ……… 1. (–90) ÷ (–18) = ……… 2. (–16) ÷ 4 = ……… 2. 54 ÷ (–2) = ……… 2. 225 ÷ (–5) = ……… 3. (–20) ÷ 5 = ……… 3. (–48) ÷ (–6) = ……… 3. (–200) ÷ 4 = ……… 4. (–21) ÷ 3 = ……… 4. (–39) ÷ 3 = ……… 4. 325 ÷ (–25) = ……… 5. (–15) ÷ 5 = ……… 5. 96 ÷ (–6) = ……… 5. 264 ÷ (–11) = ……… 6. 32 ÷ (–8) = ……… 6. (–51) ÷ 13 = ……… 6. 117 ÷ (–13) = ……… 7. 49 ÷ (–7) = ……… 7. 72 ÷ (–9) = ……… 7. (–144) ÷ (–9) = ……… 8. 56 ÷ (–8) = ……… 8. (–88) ÷ 11 = ……… 8. 300 ÷ (–25) = ……… 9. 63 ÷ (–6) = ……… 9. 34 ÷ (–2) = ……… 9. (–96) ÷ 8 = ……… 10. 45 ÷ (–3) = ……… 10. (–36) ÷ 3 = ……… 10. (–146) ÷ (–2) = ……… 11. (–48) ÷ (–3) = ……… 11. (–108) ÷ 6 = ……… 11. 275 ÷ (–11) = ……… 12. (–18) ÷ (–6) = ……… 12. (–80) ÷ (–5) = ……… 12. (–249) ÷ (–3) = ……… 13. (–18) ÷ (–6) = ……… 13. (–36) ÷ (–9) = ……… 13. (–128) ÷ 8 = ……… 14. (–24) ÷ (–12) = ……… 14. (–72) ÷ (–6) = ……… 14. 144 ÷ (–24) = ………

21 เฉลย แบบฝึกหดั ท่ี 4 การหารจํานวนเต็ม 1. 12 2. 14 3. 7 4. 11 5. 12 6. 14 7. 11 8. 9 9. –10 10. –17 11. –9 12. –11 13. –6 14. –14 15. –15 16. –11 1. 3 2. –1 3. 5 4. –5 5. 4 6. 1 7. 1 8. –6 9. –3 10. 4 11. –5 12. 3 13. 5 14. –2 15. –5 16. 0 1. –8 2. –9 3. –10 4. –6 5. –12 6. –7 7. –5 8. – 13 9. 1 10. 1 11. –3 12. –6 13. –4 14. 4 15. –1 16. 3 1. –2 2. –13 3. –2 4. –13 5. –3 6. –11 7. –2 8. –5 9. –12 10. 1 11. –2 12. –10 13. –4 14. 2 15. 4 16. 4 1. –11 2. –3 3. –1 4. 2 5. –12 6. 2 7. –9 8. –4 9. –17 10. –7 11. –1 12. –8 13. 4 14. 6 15. 3 16. 2 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16.

22 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16.