Art E-Magazine - 03rd Edition Painting

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P ainting is a very interesting subject. There are many aesthetic values and many theories accordance with the subject, painting. There are 04 main theories, which can be used to judge an art. These are named imitationalism, formalism, instrumentalism and emotionalism. Imitationalism is based on the realistic of the art. Formalism is based on the line quality, colour, composition and other artistic elements and principles. An instrumentalist focuses on context and message. A successful piece of art is an instrument to, persuade the audience to provide a commentary. It is often political, social, moral or thought provoking. Emotionalism is based on the emotions created by an art. Aesthetic is a branch of philosophy which describes the beauty and the sweetness of nature. Basically, it is a part of philosophy that tries to understand the nature of art. An artist can get inspired from nature, or he can gain more experience and skills to improve his creativity. If you want to know about the aesthetics of art, you must have an idea about aesthetic theory. This is understandable from art philosophy because our perception of art depends on human nature, so we can say that, aesthetic is a philosophical concept. Aesthetic theory painter plays a major role while attaching a special importance. It determines the different qualities about the painting and helps to judge the nature of the painting. This allows the artist to set their own values and gain more experience. On the other hand, we can say aesthetic is similar to a paint examiner. When an artist describes his art, it helps to describe certain qualities very easily. It also provides simple answers by taking different opinions about painting and aesthetic give that power. 23 | Painting | Art E-Magazine

Also aesthetic helps you to understand the respect of the artist and his interests better than ever. It helps an ordinary person to think aesthetically and more creatively. And provide good ideas for futures. Also it provides a very good diagnosis and knowledge about prehistoric art. Many people, mainly modern artists, think that the techniques of painting in the past are now obsolete, but a very good knowledge can still be gained from those paintings through aesthetic theory and they can be modified as needed to improve the modern industry. After all, we can never confine or confine art to painting. Art is a part of every human life. We are all artists because we manage every day every work with great skill which shows our artistic quality. If a person wants to improve his job, business, or anything, he must be aesthetically creative while reviewing and solving problems. And it must be taken as an integral part of the art. Art E-Magazine | Painting | 24

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This is a painting method, where colours are mixed with only water (no additional binders; a viscous or liquid substance that allows the paint to be spread). This characteristic made it perfect for covering plastered walls, because the colour pigments penetrate on the surface of wall when the paint dried. Paintings like Michelangelo’s ‘Genesis’, ‘Last Judgement’; that cover the ‘Sistine’ Chapel’s walls and ceiling and ‘Sigiriya frescoes’ can be considered as famous Fresco paintings. ‘Tempera’ was a popular media until the arrival The most common paint in early art was of oil paint. By the early Renaissance period ‘tempera’ paint, also called as ‘egg tempera’, (roughly 1400 to 1479), some artists tried was made with pigments (finely ground coating their ‘tempera’ paintings with a thin chemical or mineral powders) mixed with a layer of oil. Then they noticed that, the shinier binder of egg yolk and water. ‘Tempera’ wasn’t surface added depth and brilliance to shadows the only painting method in the ancient world and dark tones. Which led to a new kind of as some artists worked in encaustic, which paint. Oil paint is made out of pigment and is a difficult medium made of pigment mixed binder of natural oil like linseed or walnut. with melted beeswax. It worked quickly and The paint had a thick, buttery consistency and can apply for many layers, as it hardened as dried slowly as the oil was exposing to air. soon as the wax cooled. Some examples for This created a permanent, flexible surface. tempera paintings have been dated back to Some artists used oils on wood panels, but the 1st century AD, but most of the examples eventually another support was preferred. we have left today are from the 12th century Stretched canvas, or fabric on a wooden frame to 15th. But after, oil paints have become more support, was lighter than wood and could be popular. made in many sizes to perform a fine-tuned art work with oil paints. Art E-Magazine | Painting | 28

As the name says, watercolor painting is a Acrylic paint is one of the most water-based paint and mostly used on a popular painting material, particularly special watercolor paper due to its higher with beginners, as it’s easy to use and absorbency. Using watercolor demands can be quite affordable. Acrylic paints excellent artistic skills because once you also don’t require special brushes, applied them on a paper, there is no room blades or cleaning tools like oil paints for correction. The advantage of watercolour do, which making this medium a painting is that they dry fast and are perfect great place to beginners. In addition for add fine details. Although not only paper, to them, acrylic paint dries quickly you can apply them on stones, canvas, wood and once it dries, it becomes water or fabric. However, the significant downside resistant. Plus, you can apply in it as of this artistic medium is that the colour will many layers as you need and on any be faded away when it exposed to light for surface. some time. The art should always be painted ‘Gouache’ paints have a consistency, from light to dark and patience should be that puts them between watercolour crucial. So be careful with that point. and acrylics, allowing you to apply solid colour one on top of the other to 29 | Painting | Art E-Magazine create a non-transparent finish, unlike in watercolour. These paints are less shiny and have a thick surface, which makes them an ideal paint material in case of digitalizing the final art work. By adding different amounts of water to the brush, it gives different colour tones more easily.

Pen and ink have also been used as Pastels use pigments that are quite art mediums for centuries. Ink is great similar to those used in oil paints, and for creating highlighted outlines but they are created by mixing these must be used with a steady hand and pigments with a binding material. great care as there is no way to erase Since being popular in art, there are the ink. This paint medium has been some variety of pastels that can be used used to create highly-detailed graphic in many ways depending on the art as well as text-based art forms such techniques you want to apply. Harder as calligraphy to get the viewer’s eye pastels are perfect for overall into the simplest detail. Depending on composition sketching and outlines, the context, vast of drawing tools are while softer pastels look amazing when available in this painting material such blended. This medium has also been as drafting pens, fountain pens, and used in creating some world-famous graphic pens. masterpiece. Charcoal sticks are made by Art E-Magazine | Painting | 30 binding organic powder with a waxy substance. Charcoal is a rare medium in art materials as it can be easily erased, so if you are planning on trying it, better to apply some fixatives on your canvas to extend the quality of your artwork. It is an ideal medium for monochromes.

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nce there were two best friends named, Hans & Bill. Both are clever in art since the young age but, both were born as a poor fellow and Bill’s parents past way when he was just a Olittle child. All he have was Hans’s parents. So both of them spent their childhood as twin brothers. By seeing their creations, everyone was impressed and said that they are a combination of a spirit of a greatest artist in the history. Once, they had discussed about a painting, which produced, combining their both talents to a world class master piece. It included two brothers who were lost in the world and hugging each other when they met again. Since that time they literally spent months and years to do that, because according to their situation they had to work hard to find money to engage in that activity. Because when the quality of the painting increases, the cost increases simultaneously. Suddenly Hans’s both of parents got sick. The medical cost was too high because of their situation. So Hans had to sell some of his creations and earn some money. But it wasn’t enough. He thought to sell their magnificent creation. But Bill wants to keep it as a tribute. Hans explained the reason but none of his ideas led to change the Bill’s mind. With that incident, Bill thought to leave their family, because he loved his creation more than his life. 33 | Painting | Art E-Magazine

Once there were two best friends named, Then he packed and left Hans and his Hans & Bill. Both are clever in art parents without any notice. But he left a note since the young age but, both were to his best friend Hans saying ‘Sorry my born as poor fellows and Bill’s parents passed brother. One day we will meet again and away when he was just a little child. All he continue our carrier’. After seeing this, he had was Hans’s parents. So both of them spent the rest of the day angrily but suffered spent their childhood as twin brothers. By from it very much. He knew that he would seeing their creations, everyone was impressed never meet him again. But like a miracle and said that they are a combination of a someone helped them as a hidden backbone. spirit of a greatest artist in the history. With that money Hans’s parents recovered from the illness. He was happy and tried to Once, they had discussed about find him but the name of the person was a painting, which produced, combining their hidden and never came to meet them. both talents to a world class master piece. Hans’s parents had passed away and It included two brothers who were lost in he was married to a loving woman. Time the world and hugging each other when they flew fast. Days turned into weeks, months met again. Since that time they literally spent and years. Now he is about to say goodbye months and years to do that, because according to his life. But he never gave up painting. to their situation they had to work hard to As a professional artist, he used to sell his find money to engage in that activity. Because art works in a street but wasn’t enough to feed when the quality of the painting increases, his family. Most of his customers were not the cost increases simultaneously. coming to buy his works, only to watch and admire those. So he decided to sell some of Suddenly both of Han’s parents got his art works to a standard level organization sick. The medical cost was too high because and make some money to open an art of their situation. So Hans had to sell some of gallery himself. his creations and earn some money. But it Those days, there was a businessman wasn’t enough. He thought to sell their who used to keep an art gallery and sell them magnificent creation. But Bill wants to keep in an auction. When he heard about him, it as a tribute. Hans explained the reason but he decided to meet him to earn some money none of his ideas led to change the Bill’s by selling his art works. When he entered the mind. With that incident, Bill thought to art gallery, he looked around with a familiar leave their family, because he loved his creation feeling. He asked for his manager and a more than his life. pretty lady showed the way to the manager’s office. After a few minutes he reached to the office and was called to come inside. When he entered, he was shocked. I think you can guess the reason. That painting, which drew years ago by Hans and Bill was hung on the wall. Art E-Magazine | Painting | 34

Hans asked “How did you get it?” Manager “Nice to meet you sir. I am Erick. Son gave him a note without any word. It says, of Bill”. Hans was shocked again. “My father “Dear Hans, First I want tell you that I died when he just expanded this company. am not suitable to be a brother of you. I can He handed this letter to me and said to keep understand what I have done. I did that for a the work, which both of you have started. specific reason.I knew that you are never going Did you know, my father wanted to name it to make it. When I had left you I bought our as ‘The lost brotherhood ’. Because he wants greatest creation. Because I knew that it valued to punish himself to leave you without any more than your parent’s medical fee. And a notice. The painting estimated currently kind, rich but intelligent man met me. By more than your all artworks. So you can sell it seeing our creation, he was impressed and to me.” invited to take a part in his art gallery. So I But he rejected the offer politely and claimed that offer. I had been worked for left him. The following day, the art was hours and have done thousands of paintings. introduced and many artists came to the But he was too kind to send more money to ceremony. Everyone was impressed after your family. After years I have become as the seeing the two hugging brothers. When Hans owner of the company. And sorry for not came into the stage to give his words he said being with you to continue, what we have that, “After seeing this what you think? Just started. You can name our beloved creation two fellows who are hugging each other? No. and introduce it to the world. So sad to being It represents the brotherhood which comes in that time. I wish that we can be true from number of souls. Brothers always forgive brothers in next life. Thank you again! each other. I am lucky to have a brother…” At the end everyone admired his speech and the title of their creation was named in just – your loving brother, Bill.” three words, ‘The Reunited Brothers’. And the description was ‘Brothers always forgive each other. 35 | Painting | Art E-Magazine

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Painting, a main part of western art, a silent poetry, is one of the most established, innovative way of art. This expresses human feelings, contemplations, observations and thoughts of the painter. Modern creativity holds an exceptional rich history, along with roughly 40,000 years of painting. There are almost 100 styles of painting and some examples are Abstract art, Surrealism art, Photorealism, Modernism, Expressionism and etc. Abstract art holds a strong desire to express the artist’s feelings. The first historic abstract painting was painted by Wassily Kandinsky, named ‘Untitled’. It was painted in 1910. This painting contains intense depiction of energetically hued spots, smears and a line foregoes all visual reference to target reality. Unlike other styles, abstract art allows the viewer to think deeply as human mind has no boundaries or limits. So the brain power of the person will decide it. ‘Surrealism’ was developed from ‘Dada and Avant garde’ (an art movement of the European in the early 20th century) with its roots in theory of psychoanalysis. Surrealism is frequently viewed as both cultural and revolutionary art movement. The most prominent surrealist painting in the history is ‘The Persistent of Memory’ by artist Salvador Dali painted in 1931. Art E-Magazine | Painting | 40

E xpressionism painting style concentrate on the contortion of shape and the deployment of strong colours to convey a variety of anxieties and yearnings. The classic phase of the expressionist movement lasted from approximately 1905 to 1920 and spread throughout Europe. ‘The Scream’ is a popular example of expressionism painting, which painted by Norweg ian Expressionist artist Edward Munch between 1893 and 1910. As above mentioned, there are many styles of western art. Absorbing knowledge about history of artwork is very useful as it separately helps to learn different tribes and their cultures. It has also helped in a lot of cases to learn the transition of time in social, political and economic stages. Western art is great for being more knowledgeable about world history, important figures, technological advancements, and more. Hope you understand it well. 41 | Painting | Art E-Magazine

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There is no “must” in art. It is always free to say your emotions, ideas with your own way. That is why we can’t find the same art in two different places. According to that we can see a difference between the eastern and western paintings. Western artists mostly described only one religion while eastern artists showed different beliefs. If said in a simplified version, eastern painting is developed by the eastern countries such as India, Sri Lanka, Korea, Japan and China and can be classified into various range of styles like Chinese painting, Korean painting, Japanese painting and Indian painting etc. An example for earliest Indian painting, is the ‘Rock Shelters of Bhimbetka’, which belongs to the prehistoric era and believed to be about 12,000 years aged. Such works continued and after several millennia, in the 7th century, carved pillars of Ajanta, Maharashtra state present a fine example of Indian paintings, and the colours, mostly various shades of red and orange, were derived from minerals. Ajanta Caves in Maharashtra, India are rock-cut-cave monuments dating back to the 2nd century BC and contain paintings and sculptures considered to be masterpieces of both Buddhist religious art and universal pictorial art. The depiction of humans, animals or any other figurative subjects is forbidden within Islam to prevent believers from idolatry so there is no religiously motivated painting (or sculpture) tradition within Muslim culture. Pictorial activity was reduced to Arabesque, mainly abstract, with geometrical configuration or floral and plant-like patterns. Art E-Magazine | Painting | 44

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Strongly connected to architecture and calligraphy, it can be widely seen as used for the painting of tiles in mosques or in illuminations around the text of the Koran and other books. In fact, abstract art is not an invention of modern art but it is a present of pre-classical, barbarian and non-western cultures. Notable illustrator M. C. Escher (A Dutch graphic artist) was influenced by this geometrical and pattern-based art. ‘Art Nouveau’ (a style of decorative art, architecture, and design prominent in Western Europe and the USA from 1890 until the 1st world war) re-introduced abstract floral patterns into western art. Bamboo stick painting style, which is popular among the countries like Japan, Korea and China. In this technique, textile paint is applied on a bamboo stick, describing a poem that accompanies the painting and further elucidates the motif. Also the “Anime” paintings by the Japanese, make a huge difference in the Eastern painting industry. So, these are some examples for eastern painting styles around the world and each painting style help us to improve the creativity and the aesthetic sensitiveness of the human immensely in an own way. Art E-Magazine | Painting | 46

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Artists of late 19th century, such as Vincent Van Gogh, Paul Cezanne, Georges Seurat, Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec and more, played a pivotal role to the development of modern art. Throughout the first half of the 20th century Henri Matisse and other young artists including George Braque, Raoul Dufy and Maurice de Vlaminck revolutionized the Paris art world with their “wild” multi colored, expressive landscapes and figure paintings that the critics called ‘Fauvism’. Initially influenced by Toulouse-Lautrec, Gauguin, and other late 19th century artists, Pablo Picasso made his first cubist painting based on Cézanne’s idea that all depiction of nature can be reduced to 3 solids: cube, sphere, and cone. With the painting Les Demoiselles d’ Avignon (1907), Picasso created a new and radical picture depicting a raw and primitive brothel scene with five prostitutes, violently painted women, reminiscent of African tribal masks and his own new proto-Cubist inventions. The following was synthetic cubism, which introduced different textures, surfaces, collage elements, paper collages, and merged subjects. A distilled version of Cubism developed between 1915 and 1916 with a focus on flat surfaces and large geometric overlapping plans. It was been practiced by Braque, Picasso, Jean Metzinger, Albert Gleizes, Juan Gris and several other artists during the 1920s. After the heyday (the period of a thing’s greatest success) of cubism, several movements emerged in Paris between 1910 and the end of World War I. Giorgio de Chirico migrated to Paris in July 1911 with his brother Andrea (the poet and painter known as Alberto Savinio). He met Pierre Laprade through his brother, a member of the Salon d’Automne jury, where he exhibited three of his dream works: Enigma of the Oracle, Enigma of an Afternoon, and a Self-Portrait. Art E-Magazine | Painting | 50

Pablo Picasso, Guillaume Expressionism, as can be seen in the work of the Fauves, Die Brücke Apollinaire, and others noticed his (a group led by German painter Ernst work during 1910’s at the Salon des Kirchner), and the Expressionism of Indépendants and Salon d’Automne. Edvard Munch, Egon Schiele, Marc It is widely believed that his compelling Chagall and others. So it is the end and mysterious paintings played an of these tiny points out of vast amount important role in the development of details to describe the development of Surrealism. As Cubism developed, of the painting in 20th century. other revolutionary movements emerged; Futurism (Giacomo Balla), Abstract art (Wassily Kandinsky), Der Blaue Reiter (Kandinsky and Franz Marc), etc. Modern painting influenced all the visual arts, from Modernist architecture and design, to avant-garde film, theatre and modern dance, and became an experimental laboratory for the expression of visual from photography and concrete poetry to advertising art and fashion. Van Gogh’s paintings exerted great influence upon 20th century 51 | Painting | Art E-Magazine

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here are lots of creative ways to update a mirror that you already own. You can paint your own design with acrylic paint directly T onto the glass surface. Another option is to simply spray paint the frame around the mirror to give an older piece a facelift. You could also do both! Regardless of the artistic approach you want to take, you only need a few basic art supplies and a nice flat surface to set up on. 55 | Painting | Art E-Magazine

01. Clean the mirror thoroughly with a dampened microfiber cloth Mirror glass must be completely clean before you begin to da a mirror painting, Use a microfiber cloth or any soft cloth to wipe the dust on the mirror.use the cloth you took with water and wipe the surface to remove any dust on the mirror surface. Use a separate cloth to thoroughly dry the surface. 02. Sketch your design onto the mirror You don’t have to create a highly detailed sketch. Instead, use a white water soluble pencil to outline the main design elements onto the mirror’s surface. It’s not compulsory to use a white soluble pencil but it shows up best on a mirror. This acts as a guide when you start painting. 03. Choose areas of your sketch One of the coolest things about painting on mirrors is that the areas you leave unpainted are just as important as the painted ones. The unpainted areas will remain reflective and the background is constantly changing depending on where you put it or who was looking at it. 04. Applying a gesso Apply a thin coat of white gesso to all areas you plan to paint. Gesso will give your acrylic paint something to stick to on your mirror. Do not apply gesso on the areas of the mirror you plan to leave reflective. Only put it where your design will be painted. Paint right over your penciled lines it may look very thick and heavy but it becomes much more transparent once it dries. Now leave the gesso to dry for about 24 hours. Art E-Magazine | Painting | 56

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05. Applying white acrylic Apply a thin coat of white acrylic paint to all areas you plan to paint. This white base coat will allow your final painted colors to appear far more vivid. Use a paintbrush to apply the white paint. Now let it dry for about 30 to 60 minutes. 06. Paint Acrylic paint is best for this, since it dries quickly. However, if you prefer oil paint, you can use that. Squeeze a dollop of each color onto your palette. 07. Painting Paint the darkest areas first. Using a regular paint brush, apply the darkest color in your design first. After you brush it on, give the surface a few minutes to dry. Keep clean Q-tips nearby. If you accidentally get paint in an area you want to remain reflective, quickly wipe it away using the cotton swab. 08. Colors and detail Fill in the rest of your painting with the other colors. You can loosely block in all the base colors first, then go back to add detail over the top once the base has dried. Use a fresh paintbrush for each paint color you work with. Use the size that makes sense for the area you’re painting. For example, use a small brush for detail work. For larger areas, use a flat brush or rounded brush. 09. Finishing touch Let the paint dry for about 60 minutes. Now you have a complete mirror painting. Art E-Magazine | Painting | 58

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Painting is the process of applying pigments on a surface such as canvas or paper, in order to make a picture or other artistic composition, using implements such as knives, airbrushes etc. The way that artists have painted, and the media they have used have evolved throughout history. Also keep in mind that the new technology & the ever changing tastes of the people are the main two factors that force an artist to diversify his way of presenting his art work. But how do we know which is the right type of painting for us? Many of us are familiar with watercolor, oil, and acrylic paint, but there’s so much more out there to explore. We shall discuss some popular types of painting within this tiny space. Art E-Magazine | Painting | 60

Allegory is a figurative mode of representation, conveying, meaning other than the literal. Allegory communicates its message using symbolic figures, actions, or symbolic representation. Allegory is generally treated as a figure of rhetoric, but an allegory does not have to be expressed in language since it may be addressed to the eye and is often found in realistic painting. Artists like Bronzino, Sandro Botticelli are some famous artists who used this style in their creations like Venus, Cupid, Folly and Time. It is the work of art in any of the painting media with the primary subject being the human figure, whether clothed or naked. Figure painting may also refer to the activity of creating such a work. The human figure has been one of the contrasting subjects of art since the first stone age cave paintings and has been reinterpreted in various styles throughout history. Some artists who are well known for figure painting are Edgar Degas, Peter Paul Ruben and Edouard Manet. Illustration paintings are, those used as illustrations in books, magazines, theater or movie posters, and comic books. Today, there is a growing interest in collecting and admiring the original artworks. Various museum exhibitions, magazines, and art galleries have devoted space to the illustrators of the past. In the visual art world, sometimes illustrators have been considered less important in comparison with fine artists and graphic designers. But as a result of computer games and comic industry growth, illustrations are becoming more popular and more profitable than the other two. 61 | Painting | Art E-Magazine

Landscape painting is a term that covers the depiction of natural scenery including mountains, valleys, trees, rivers, lakes, forests etc. Especially it is an art where the main subject is in a wide view, with its elements arranged into a coherent composition. In other words, landscape backgrounds form an important part of the work. The sky is almost always included in the view, and the weather is shown often as an element of the composition. Portrait paintings, also called as the representations of a person, which the face and its expression are predominant. The intent is to display the likeness, personality, and even the mood of the person. The portraits of ancient flourished Greek and especially Roman sculpture, where sitters demanded individualized and realistic portraits, even are flattering ones. World famous paintings such as ‘Mona Lisa’, ‘Whistler’s Mother’ and ‘the portrait of Gertrude Stein’ are some of the examples. A still life is a work of art depicting mostly inanimate subject matter, typically common objects which may be either natural (flowers, plants, rocks, or shells) or man-made (drinking glasses, books, vases, jewelry, coins). With the origin in the Middle Ages(before the renaissance) and ancient Greek/Roman art, still life paintings give the artist more freedom in the arrangement of design elements within a composition than do paintings of other types of subjects such as landscape or portraiture. Still life paintings, particularly before 1700, often contained religious and allegorical symbolism relating to the objects depicted. Art E-Magazine | Painting | 62

A ‘veduta’ is a highly detailed, large scale painting of a cityscape or some other place. This genre of landscape originated in “Flanders”, where artists such as Paul Brill painted veduta as early around the 16th century. As the itinerary of the grand tour became somewhat standardized, ‘veduta’ of familiar scenes like the Roman Forum or the Grand Canal recalled early ventures to the continent for aristocratic Englishmen. In the later 19th century, more personal impressions of cityscapes replaced the desire for topographical accuracy, which was satisfied instead by painted panoramas. It is a type of art that is used as a form of expressing thoughts, emotions, and messages to people. Graffiti art is somewhat similar to spray painting forms but has its differences. At a glance, graffiti is drawing or writing on the walls in public places, usually without permission. The English word “Graffiti” is taken from the Italian word “graffito” which translates to “scratched”. Many graffiti artists do graffiti on the walls to spread messages such as political and social themes. 63 | Painting | Art E-Magazine

As the name suggests, glass painting involves painting on a glass surface. It may not be as popular as other techniques, but glass painting was one of the most dominant forms of painting in ancient Europe. ‘Gesso’, ‘enamel’, and ‘acrylic’ paints are used for glass paintings. This form of painting allows people to create wonderful artwork on glass that can be illuminated with the use of a light source. Glass painting gives the impression of a fairy tale. Today this painting is considered a model of expression and creativity. ‘Panorama’ is a painting technique where the scene or landscape is painted as a whole or as a continuous narration. In other words, it gives you a wide-angle view of the landscape. The painting is usually done on a wide canvas or a flat or curved surface. The panorama simulates the sensation of scanning a seascape or a huge landscape. It can be made using any medium. Art E-Magazine | Painting | 64

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Leonardo di ser Piero da His genius, perhaps Vinci was an Italian polymath, more than that of any other painter, sculptor, architect, musician, figure, epitomized the Renaissance mathematician, engineer, inventor, humanist ideal. Mona Lisa, The anatomist, geologist, cartographer, Last Supper, Bacchus, Adoration of botanist, and a writer too. Leonardo the Magi, and Annunciation are is identified as one of the greatest some of his magnificent creations. painters in the history of art. He is commonly known for the famous artwork ‘Mona Lisa’. 67 | Painting | Art E-Magazine

Michelangelo was also an Italian painter and he was known as a sculptor, painter, architect, and poet. Michelangelo got an opportunity to learn from classic masters after noticing his talents by the Lorenzo de Medici family. Michelangelo was the painter of the ceiling in the Sistine chapel. The famous painting “The Last Judgment” was on its altar wall. He took four years to complete the paintings in the Sistine chapel. Art E-Magazine | Painting | 68

Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn was a Dutch golden age painter, draughtsman and printmaker. Because of his empathy for the human condition, he has been called “one of the great prophets of civilization”. Most of his paintings were portraits and his other paintings were, The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp, Belshazzar’s Feast, The Night Watch, Bathsheba at Her Bath, Syndics of the Drapers’ Guild, The Hundred Guilder Print. 69 | Painting | Art E-Magazine