CHEMISTRY (9-1) MAKING SALTS PREPARED BY: Mr. EHAB FAROUK 55339573
MAKING SALTS The solubility of salts: Soluble salts are made by neutralizing an acid. Insoluble salts are made by other methods.
MAKING SALTS
MAKING SALTS
MAKING SALTS Making Soluble salts (except sodium, potassium and ammonium salts) 1.Acid + active metal 2.Acid + metal oxide or hydroxide 3.Acid + carbonate
MAKING SALTS Water of crystallization: The crystals of some salts contain water of crystallisation. Importance of water of crystallisation (hydrated salts): - The water gives the crystals their shape. - It gives the crystals their colour.
MAKING SALTS Examples: - Some crystals of hydrated salts lose their shape and become powder by losing the water of crystallisation. - Blue hydrated copper(II)sulphate crystals are heated forming white anhydrous copper(II)sulphate.
Making copper(II) sulphate crystals from copper(II) oxide
Making copper(II) sulphate crystals from copper(II) oxide
Making copper(II) sulphate crystals from copper(II) oxide
Making sodium, potassium or ammonium salts
Making sodium sulphate crystals:
Making sodium sulphate crystals: 2NaOH (aq) + H2SO4 (aq) → Na2SO4 (aq) + 2H2O(l) Na2SO4 (aq) + 10 H2O(l) → Na2SO4.10H2O(s)
Making Insoluble salts
Thank you Mr. EHAB FAROUK 0097455339573
CHEMISTRY (9-1) Electrolysis PREPARED BY: Mr. EHAB FAROUK 55339573
Electrolysis • The conduction of electricity by metals and carbon: Explain: Both metals and carbon (graphite) conduct electricity. …tB…her…coau…gu…shet…hThe…eir…ystc…ruo…cnttu…arie…n f…re…e …de…lo…ca…li…ze…d …ele…c…tro…n…s t…ha…t c…a…n …m…ov…e…
Electrolysis
Electrolysis ANODE CATHODE Connected to connected to positive pole of the negative battery pole of battery Positive Negative electrode electrode Oxidation Reduction Losing of Gaining of electrons electrons
Electrolysis Because they do not have free delocalized ions or electrons
Electrolysis
Electrolysis
Electrolysis
Electrolysis
Electrolysis
Electrolysis
Electrolysis
Electrolysis
Electrolysis
Electrolysis
Electrolysis
Electrolysis
Electrolysis
Thank you Mr. EHAB FAROUK 0097455339573
CHEMISTRY (9-1) Dynamic equilibrium (reversible reaction) PREPARED BY: Mr. EHAB FAROUK 55339573
Reversible Reaction Reversible reaction under closed system Closed system: It means that no substances are added to the reaction and no substances escape from it.
Reversible Reaction Reversible reaction
Reversible Reaction
Reversible Reaction
Dynamic equilibrium
Dynamic equilibrium At equilibrium : the concentration of reactants and products are constant (not equal)
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