body systems flipbook (1)

BBooddyySSyysstteemmssFFlliippbbooookk Nikita Thomas- Pickett 4B

Integumentary system: diseases/disorders: system research function: protect body from foreign objects ➢ Rosacea- pus-filled bumps on ● xer/o- dryness with barriers such as skin, hair, and nails. face. Causes redness and can be ● xanth/o- yellow treated with antibiotics vocab: tone ● Melanin- dark color pigment ➢ Alopecia areata- autoimmune ● erythr/o- red ● Keratin- hair protein disease which results in hair ● pil/o- hair ● Melanocytes- cells that distribute loss. Can be treated. ● lip/o- fat or lipid ● rhytid/o- sebum melanin ➢ Paronychia- when bacteria ● kerat/o- keratin ● Keratinocytes- cells that distribute attacks space where nail bed ● onych/o- nail and skin meet. ● myc/o- fungus keratin ● Epidermis- first layer of skin ➢ Sunburn- ● Dermis- middle layer of skin burning/discoloration skin is ● Hypodermis- deepest layer of skin exposed to too much sun. ● Hair follicle- space where hair healthcare professions: grows ● Hair root- base of hair ➢ Dermatologist- specialist in ● Collagen- protein that helps skin skin & treatment of integumentary diseases. and hair grow/develop. ➢ Plastic surgeons- specialist in altering appearances & the regeneration of skin.

Musculoskeletal system: diseases/disorders: system research function: function: to protect and support body ➢ Carpal tunnel syndrome- too ● myel/o- bone marrow systems and also to enable movement. much exertion leads to ● Pexy- surgical fixation pinching of nerve. ● Chrondro- cartilage vocab: ● arthr/o- joint ● Muscle- protein-filled tissue that ➢ Ruptured/herniated disc- when ● Plegia- paralysis disc in spinal column j collides aids movement with nerve resulting in back ● Bone- firm organ that protects body pain. ● Cartilage- soft, flexible flesh ● Tendon- connects bone and muscle ➢ Epicondylitis- too much ● Ligament- connects bones , exertion on forearm & elbow cartilage, joints, etc. ➢ Osteoarthritis- when cartilage ● Joint- connection between bones at the ends of bones become ● Smooth muscle- applies pressure to damaged resulting in less mobility. organs. ● Cardiac muscle- heart muscles healthcare professions: ● Bone marrow- makes blood cells ● Voluntary muscle- muscles that ➢ Chiropractor- specialist in the adjustment of move by own control. bones/joints. ➢ Myologist- specialist in study of muscles.

Nervous system: diseases/disorders: system research function: receives & transmits signals in body ➢ Cerebral palsy- affects ● Encephal/o- brain and helps coordinates movement. brain muscle movement. ● myel/o- spinal vocab: ➢ Epilepsy- causes multiple cord ● Neurons- nervous system cells seizures and affects brain ● mening/o- ● Myelin sheath- insulation for neurons function. ● Dendrites- branch of neuron that meninges ➢ Parkinson’s disease- poor ● concuss/o- receives signals. muscle movement caused ● Axons- branch that transmits signals. by affected nerve cells in shaken/agitated ● CNS- central nervous system, where a the brain. lot of work is done. ➢ Sciatica- pain and little ● PNS- peripheral nervous system, minor inability to move by impacting sciatic nerve. branches of the system. ● Brain- control center of the body. healthcare professions: ● Spinal cord- long tissue where ➢ Neurologist- specialist in messages/neurons travel. field of nerves + nervous ● Sensory nerves- brings info to CNS system diseases/disorders. ● Soma- makes up neuron’s body ➢ Psychologist- specialist in the mental/mind field, and knowledgeable on mental health disorders.

Special senses: diseases/disorders: system research function: body parts that receive and retain ➢ Astigmatism- when retina ● irid/o- iris information that all play a huge role in daily life. doesn’t focus properly ● cusis- difficulty vocab: ➢ Middle ear infection- infection hearing ● Tympanic membrane- eardrum of ear passageway ● Opia- eye ● Auditory canal- passageway in middle ear ● Auricle- outermost part of ear ➢ Glaucoma- when eye nerve disease/disorder ● Middle ear- where sound waves travel gets damaged as a result of too ● oto/o- ear ● Inner ear- responsible for retaining sound much pressure & keeping equilibrium ➢ Allergic rhinitis- membrane ● Outer ear- collects sound waves lining nose gets inflamed ● Retina- innermost part, collects light healthcare professions: waves & sends to brain ● Cornea- outermost part of eye, refracts ➢ Optometrist- specialist in the eye as well as eye diseases. light ● Glomerulus- made up of capillaries, filters ➢ Otolaryngologist (ENT)- specialist in the ears, nose, blood throat and surgery pertaining ● Sensory nerve- sends sensory info to to them. brain.

Cardiovascular system: diseases/disorders: system research Function: system responsible for transporting ➢ CVA- (stroke) attack that ● angi/o- blood blood & nutrients throughout body. causes numbness, muscle vessels failure, etc. vocab: ● emia- relating to ● Heart- muscular organ responsible for ➢ CHF- heart fails to pump blood blood correctly over time pumping blood/nutrients. ● Blood vessels- system of paths throughout ➢ CAD- damage to blood vessels ➢ HPT- high than normal blood body that transport & bring back blood. ● Blood- liquid that runs throughout body pressure consisting of different substances. healthcare professions: ● Conductive pathway- passageway that ➢ Cardiologist- specialist in the conducts electricity for heart to contract. heart and heart ● Atrium- chamber of heart that receives diseases/disorders blood. ➢ Cardiac surgeon- specialist in ● Ventricle- hollow organ operating on heart and diseases ● Erythrocytes- red blood cells ● Leukocytes- white blood cells ● Thrombocytes- platelets ● Arteries- delivers blood from heart to body.

Respiratory system: diseases/disorders: system research function: Set of organs that help with body’s ➢ Lung cancer- cancer cells in the ● cyan/o- blue respiration and exhalation. lungs, sometimes caused by ● laryng/o- toxins or smoking/ vocab: related to larynx ● Lungs- spongy tissue which holds O2 ➢ COPD- inflammatory lung ● pleur/o- rib, side ● Nose- nasal passageway which takes in O2. disease, cause blockage. ● Pharynx- breathing passageway ● Larynx- voice box ➢ Asthma- causes passageways to ● Trachea- windpipe, carries out CO2, in O2. inflame & creates ● Airways- holds all organs responsible for mucus/blockage. passageways. ➢ Cystic Fibrosis- causes mucus, ● Bronchiole- aids respiration, brings in O2 and affects digestive/respiratory system. expels CO2. ● Alveoli- filters CO2 + oxygen in blood healthcare professions: stream. ➢ Registered pulmonary function ● Diaphragm- helps w/ lung technologist- takes diagnosis of patient & notes respiratory expansion/contraction. problems. ● Mouth- helps with filtering O2 & CO2. ➢ Respiratory therapist- specialist in therapeutic care for any respiratory trauma.

Digestive system: diseases/disorders: system research function: Responsible for the digestion and ➢ Anal cancer- when cancer cells ● cholecyst/o- turning food into nutrients/energy. cluster around anus. gallbladder Vocab: ➢ Stomach flu- when intestine is ● enter/o- intestine ● Salivary glands- produces saliva to break infected causing pain and ● or/o- mouth cramps. Is contagious. ● Pepsia- digestion down food upon entrance. ● chol/e- bile, gall ● Mouth- uses physical method to break ➢ Cirrhosis- trauma to liver that ● proct/o- can slowly lead to failure. down food. anus/rectum ● Liver- stores nutrients + activate enzymes ➢ Constipation- difficulty of stool ● Pancreas- creates enzymes for breakdown moving through, causes pain. ● Esophagus- tube in which food is healthcare professions: transported to stomach ● Stomach- hollow chamber where food is ➢ Gastroenterologist- specialist in digestive organ kept and broken down chemically. diseases/disorders. ● Small intestine- first tube where ➢ Proctologist- specialist in the important nutrients are extracted. treatment for anus & rectum. ● Large intestine- where water is removed and turned into final product. ● Anus- where stool is expelled out of. ● Rectum- where stool is stored.

Urinary system: diseases/disorders: system research function: The expelling of body waste and ➢ Bladder cancer- cancer cells ● Cele- swelling maintenance of homeostasis. formed in the bladder, causes ● cyst/o- cyst bleeding. ● ren/o- kidney Vocab: ● Uria- urine ● Kidneys- filters fluids, separates waste ➢ Kidney stones- small waste clusters in kidneys that are condition products from nutrients. painful to pass through. ● Ectasis- dilation ● Ureters- where urine moves from kidney ● pyel/o- pelvis ➢ Yeast infection- inflammation ● Pexy- surgical to bladder. of vulva lining, causes pain. ● Bladder- holds waste product. fixation ● Urethra- passes urine from bladder to ➢ Urethritis- infection of urethra anus. healthcare professions: ● Urethra tube- tube that carries urine to ➢ Urologist- specialist in outside. treatment of urinary ● Urethra meatus- where urine comes out. organs/surgeries. ● Cortex- stores nephrons ● Medulla- stores collecting tubules ➢ Gynecologist- specialist in ● Nephrons- filters & purifies blood. women’s urinary ● Urine- waste product, mainly water. system/treatments.

Reproductive system: ➢ diseases/disorders: system research: function: responsible for maintaining reproduction ➢ HIV/AIDS- immunodeficiency ● salping/o- processes, hormones, stability/growth, etc. ➢ disease- body’s response fallopian tubes ➢ becomes weak. Vocab: STD’s- being infected basesd ● orchid/o- testes ● Testes- release male hormones & sex cells. ➢ on secual intraction. ● oophor/o- ovaries ● Ovaries- release gametes and hormones. ➢ Endometriosis - when uterus ● meno/o- months ● Alleles- form of a gene lining grows somewhere else. ● mamm/o- ● Ovarian follicles- releases hormones early Gynecological cancer- cancer cells in reproductive organs. mammary organs in menstrual cycle. ● colpo/o- vagina ● Oogenesis- formation of ovum healthcare professions: ● prostat/o- ● Menstrual cycle- preparation of eggs in OB/GYN- specialist in delivery prostate/prostate uterus by expelling blood monthly. & reproductive systems. gland ● Hypothalamus- part of brain responsible Endocrinologist- specialist in body’s homeostasis/balance. for hormones/body’s stability. ● Ovulation- when ovaries release eggs. ● Estrogen- growth hormone ● Fallopian tubes- passageway from uterus to ovaries.