Brundell ~ Magnetism

Helmholtz, Hermann von 50Henry, Joseph 31, 32, 35Hertz, Heinrich 49, 50homing pigeons 102homopolar motor 34Humboldt, Alexander von 105, 113humbucker pickup 87Huygens, Christiaan 24hypnosis 11IIBM 91, 94ice 127ice rules 127identical particles 66inclination 18induction, electromagnetic 34, 35, 46information 85, 86, 89, 97, 98infrared 52inverse square law 28iPhone 27iron 62, 125iron filings 1, 2iron tablets 16iron, importance of 20irrationality 11ITER 118–120JJames I (James VI of Scotland) 12Jedlik, Ányos 36Jonson, Ben 23Jupiter 115, 116Kkagome lattice 122Kellogg, Edward 86Kelvin’s balls 105Kelvin, Lord (William Thomson) 43, 50, 105Klein, Oscar 83Kronig, Ralph 74, 76

LLarmor, Joseph 106Lavoisier, Antoine 10Leibniz, Gottfried 89length contraction 58Lenz, Wilhelm 64Leucippus 4Leyden jar 27LGM 116light, speed of 48, 49, 55, 57lightning conductor 8lode 5lodestar 5lodestone 5, 13–23, 29, 30, 62, 63, 69, 102, 113, 121, 131Lodge, Oliver 86loudspeaker 86Lucas, George 3Lucretius 3, 4Mmaghemite 102Magnesia 3magnet, hard 69magnet, soft 69magnetars 117magnetic bubble memory 96magnetic declination 103magnetic disk 89, 90magnetic fluid 28magnetic healing 6–8, 10, 11magnetic monopole 125–9magnetic poles 19magnetic recording 87, 88, 95magnetic tape 88, 89magnetic variation 19, 103Magnetische Verein 105magnetite 3, 62, 102magnetosphere 110, 111magnetotactic bacteria 102Marconi, Guglielmo 50Mars 115Maunder minimum 107

Maxwell’s equations 45–7, 49, 55, 129, 130, 135Maxwell, James Clerk 41–53, 55Mesmer, Franz 6–8, 10, 11mesmerize 11meteor showers 111Michelson, Albert 54Michelson-Morley experiment 54microphone 86, 87microwave oven 52Milky Way 117molecular magnet 124molecule-based magnet 124Moon 115Moore’s law 96Morley, Edward 54motor 33motor, homopolar 34Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus 10MRAM 100MRI scanner 63multiferroic 125Nnavigation 5negativity, reducing 11neutron stars 116, 117nonsense, utter 11OOersted, Hans Christian 28, 63On the Nature of Things 3Pparallel magnetic recording 96Parkin, Stuart 94Pauli, Wolfgang 73, 74, 80Pauling, Linus 127Peregrinus, Petrus 19permanent magnet 69permeability of free space 49, 135permittivity of free space 49, 135perpendicular magnetic recording 95, 96

Peterhouse, Cambridge 41Pfleumer, Fritz 88phonograph 38photoelectric effect 56, 65Pixii, Hippolyte 36Planck’s constant 73plasma 109plasma TV 109Plutarch 21Poincaré, Henri 126Polaris 5, 15poles, magnetic 19Poulsen, Valdemar 88Ptolemaeus 15pulsars 116, 117pyrochlore 126, 127Qquantum electrodynamics 84quantum information 99quantum mechanics 64, 65quantum numbers 74, 75Rracetrack memory 94, 95radio waves 52relativity 54–61, 76, 131Rice, Chester 86Rømer, Ole 48, 49SSabine, Edward 107Salem witch trials 8Saturn 115, 116Scaliger, Julius 21Schrödinger’s cat 70, 124Shakespeare, William 22Shelley, Mary 26Shovell, Admiral SirCloudesley 104single molecule magnet 98, 99singlet state 70, 124

Sirens 3, 5Smith, Oberlin 87Smithsonian Museum 35soft magnet 69solar corona 108solar flares 112solar wind 110solenoid 31solid-state chemistry 124south Atlantic anomaly 112space weather 110, 112spin 67, 68, 72, 79, 80, 131spin glass 123spin ice 125–9spin liquid 123, 124spin transistors 100spin valve 91, 93spintronics 100spiral effluvia 24, 25Star Wars 3Stern, Otto 77–9Stern-Gerlach experiment 77–9Sturgeon, William 31Sun 108sunspots 107–9superconductor 63, 122Ttape, magnetic 89Tennyson, Alfred 43terrella 18Tesla, Nikola 37–40, 101Thales of Miletus 3The Magnetic Lady 23thermal fluctuations 98Thomas, Llewelyn 76Thomson, J. J. 126Thomson, William 43, 50, 105time dilation 57Tomonaga, Sin-itro 84transformer 69Trinity College, Cambridge 41

triode 88UUhlenbeck, George 75, 76ultraviolet 52, 111Ursa Major 15Vvacuum tube 88van Allen belts 112van Leeuwen, Hendreka 64, 65variation, magnetic 19Volta, Alessandro 26, 27Wwave function 66Weber, Wilhelm 105Weiss, Pierre 62, 63Westinghouse, George 38, 40Whewell, William 36Wigner, Eugene 82Wigner, Margrit 82Wollaston, William 33XX-rays 52ZZeeman effect 73, 108Zeeman effect, anomalous 74Zeeman, Pieter 73Zürich, University of 56Zwicky, Fritz 116

RELATIVITYA Very Short Introduction Russell Stannard100 years ago, Einstein’s theory of relativity shattered the world of physics. Our comfortingNewtonian ideas of space and time were replaced by bizarre and counterintuitive conclusions: if youmove at high speed, time slows down, space squashes up and you get heavier; travel fast enough andyou could weigh as much as a jumbo jet, be squashed thinner than a CD without feeling a thing - andlive for ever. And that was just the Special Theory. With the General Theory came even strangerideas of curved space-time, and changed our understanding of gravity and the cosmos. Thisauthoritative and entertaining Very Short Introduction makes the theory of relativity accessible andunderstandable. Using very little mathematics, Russell Stannard explains the important concepts ofrelativity, from E=mc2 to black holes, and explores the theory’s impact on science and on ourunderstanding of the universe.www.oup.com/vsi

SUPERCONDUCTIVITYA Very Short Introduction Stephen J. BlundellSuperconductivity is one of the most exciting areas of research in physics today. Outlining the historyof its discovery, and the race to understand its many mysterious and counter-intuitive phenomena, thisVery Short Introduction explains in accessible terms the theories that have been developed, and howthey have influenced other areas of science, including the Higgs boson of particle physics and ideasabout the early Universe. It is an engaging and informative account of a fascinating scientific detectivestory, and an intelligible insight into some deep and beautiful ideas of physics.www.oup.com/vsi