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The EPA values using betaine monohydrate-based NADES Interaction between NADES and palmitic acid molecules as the solvent in a single-stage extraction process at oil-to-solvent volume ratio of 1:2 and temperature of 40 Infrared spectroscopy was applied to this solvent to °C is depicted in Fig. 3. The data of palmitic acid and anti- observe the intermolecular interactions between mole- oxidants (α-tocopherol and β-carotene) content in the cules in the NADES and also those between NADES and NADES-rich phase for each NADES are shown in the palmitic acid. The spectra for palmitic acid show two bands Supporting Information. for the stretching frequency of the hydroxyl group at 2847 and 2914 cm−1 and also the carbonyl group at 1698 Figure 3 Relationship between viscosity of betaine monohydrate- cm−1. The band for the hydroxyl group at 3325 cm−1 in based NADES and distribution coefficients of solutes at a the NADES spectra is shifted to 3309 cm−1 in the NADES- temperature of 40 °C : ( ) palmitic acid (k1), ( ) β-carotene (k2), ( ) palmitic acid mixture spectra. This finding indicates the α-tocopherol (k3). presence of hydrogen bonding between palmitic acid and the NADES molecules. Effects of physicochemical properties of solvents on the distribution coefficients of solutes Conclusion Viscosity and water content The viscosity increases with the number of hydroxyl groups The activity unit of lipase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the polyol. Also, the addition of a polyol to betaine mono- using POME as the basal medium reached a maximum hydrate induces a decrease in the viscosity. In this work, the value of 1.327 U/mL from the crude form. The optimum effect of water content in the DES was evaluated due to the values of the lipase activity unit were gained when 3% (v/v) betaine monohydrate as salt containing crystal water. The of inoculum, 0.9% (m/v) of peptone, 0.4% (v/v) of olive oil, water content in the betaine monohydrate-based NADES is 4 mM of Ca2+ ions, and 0.9% of Tween 80 were added into less than 10%. The water content in these solvent doesn’t the medium and fermented for 96 hours. The dry extracel- affect their viscosity and distribution coefficients of solutes. lular lipase obtained had an activity unit of 28.5 U/g, with Polarity a specific activity of 2.417 U/g proteins. The utilization of The betaine monohydrate-based NADES have polarities in POME as an alternative medium would result in a consider- the range of water and methanol. The distribution coeffi- able reduction in the cost of lipase production. The values cients of solutes generally do not depend on the polarity of the lipase activities would achieve better results if the of NADES. The addition of polyol to betaine monohydrate experiment used the hydrolysis reaction of p-nitrophenyl causes a decrease in the polarity scale. palmitate and examination by spectrophotometer. Density The density increases with the number of hydroxyl groups Acknowledgement of polyol. The increase in polyol concentration results in the decrease of the density of the betaine monohydrate-pro- The authors wish to acknowledge the Indonesian Agency pylene glycol NADES. In contrast, the density of betaine for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD) monohydrate-glycerol NADES increased. research grant number 138/PL.220/I.1/3/2014.k, and Stability of palm oil in NADES Universitas Indonesia PITTA research grant 2016 for the The stability of palm oil that mainly including the triglyceride financial support received for this research. and antioxidant compounds was evaluated in this work. This result suggests that the deacidification of palm oil References process using DES 5 as a solvent suitable for food appli- cation. The compounds of the palm oil were present in the 1. Chuang, M. H., & Brunner, G. (2006). Concentration spectra of solvent-rich phase after extraction. It proves that of minor components in crude palm oil. The Journal of these compounds soluble in this solvent. Supercritical Fluids, 37, 151–156. 2. Makela, P. (2004). Agro-industrial uses of glycinebe- taine. Sugar Technology, 6, 207–212. 3. Manic, M., Najdanovic-Visak, V., da Ponte, M., & Visak, Z. (2011). Extraction of free fatty acids from soybean oil using ionic liquids or poly(ethyleneglycol)s. AIChE Journal, 57, 1344–1355. 51

Evaluation of Separate and Simultaneous Kinetic Parameters for Levulinic Acid and Furfural Production from Pretreated Palm Misri Gozan Oil Empty Fruit Bunches Jabosar Ronggur Hamonangan Panjaitan, Dewi Tristantini, Rizal Alamsyah, Young Je Yoo Department of Chemical Engineering Published in: Methodology International Journal of Chemical Engineering Separate Kinetic Model of LA and Furfural In separate kinetic evaluation, LA production was inde- SJR : 0.33 Q2 (2017) pendently evaluated using kinetic model of Girisuta et al. H index : 18 who examined the kinetics of acid hydrolysis of sugar- IF : - cane bagasse in the production of LA. Thee reaction model of Girisuta et al. is consecutive reactions from glucan to Abstract glucose and humin, then to HMF before nally transforming to LA + FA. The model can be computed with the following Palm oil empty fruit bunches (POEFBs) can be converted kinetic equations: into levulinic acid (LA) and furfural, which are among the top buildingblock chemicals. *e purpose of this study was Simultaneous Kinetic Model of LA and Furfural to investigate separate and simultaneous kinetic model Simultaneous kinetic evaluation would calculate LA parameters for LA and furfural production from POEFBs, and furfural production in one kinetic model. The reac- which were pretreated by soaking in aqueous ammonia tion scheme is shown in Figure 1. From Figure 1, we can (SAA). *e highest LA yield, which was obtained at a reac- compute the following kinetic equations: tion temperature of 170°C after 90 min in an acidic solution with a concentration of 1 M, was 52.1 mol%. *e highest furfural yield was 27.94 mol%, which was obtained at a reaction temperature of 170° C after 20 min in an acidic solution with a concentration of 0.5 M. SAA pretreatment affected activation energy in glucose degradation reactions and favoured direct conversion of hemicellulose to furfural. *e activation energy of LA production (EakHMF) increases with higher acid catalyst concentration, and the activation energy of furfural production (EakXYN) decreases with higher acid concentration. *ese trends in the activation energy occurred in both separate and simultaneous kinetic models. Simultaneous kinetic model is better to calcu- late kinetic parameters of LA and furfural production than separate kinetic models because the simultaneous kinetic model had a lower sum of square error (SSE) when esti- mating kinetic parameters. Introduction Figure 1. Simultaneous reaction scheme of LA and furfural production The palm oil industry continues to grow in response to increased consumption and demand for palm oil. Thus, Result and Discussion the palm oil industry represents a major potential source of biomass. During the processing of palm oil, palm oil SAA Pretreatment. The purpose of the pretreatment empty fruit bunches (POEFBs), which are a type of ligno- process was to improve the conversion of cellulose and cellulosic biomass, are produced as waste. Lignocellulosic hemicellulose to LA and furfural. The results of the compo- biomass consists of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and sitional analysis of different types of biomass with SAA minor components, such as ash, proteins, and extractives- pretreatment are shown in Table 1. This study was aimed to optimize and compare two simple immobilization methods, i.e., solvent evaporation and dip According to Table 1, the composition of the POEFBs before coating. In the frst place, the efects of dispersion medium, and after the SAA pretreatment did not differ greatly, with pH, and temperature to the stability level of titania sol just a small reduction in lignin composition (from 22.8% were investigated to determine proper condition for each to 21.8%). The composition of cellulose and hemicellulose method. Thereafter, mechanical strength and phenol in the untreated POEFBs increased slightly from 39.3% to photodegradation performance of the immobilized titania 29.8%, as compared to the SAA pretreated POEFBs (42% were also observed and analyzed. 52

and 32.0%, resp.). As shown in Table 1, previous studies also reported insignificant changes in lignin composition in untreated and SAA pretreated samples at various tempera- tures, soaking times, and ammonia concentrations. Table 1. Compositional analysis results of different types of biomass with SAA pretreatment SEM images before and after the SAA pretreatment are Figure 3. LA optimization results between experimental data ( , LA) presented in Figure 2. As shown in Figure 2(a), prior to and kinetic model (lines): (a) 150°C and 0.5 M; (b) 150°C and 1 M; (c) the SSA pretreatment, the POEFB fibres looked hard and 160°C and 0.5 M; (d) 160°C and 1 M; (e) 170°C and 0.5 M; and (f) stiff, with a flat, smooth surface structure. After the SAA 170°C and 1 M. pretreatment, the lignin-carbohydrate bonds in the POEFB fibres broke down and the surface contained pores, indi- Conclusion cating that the surface area of the POEFBs had increased (Figure 2(b)). Thus, SAA pretreatment appears able to break This study evaluated separate and simultaneous kinetic the bonds between lignin and carbohydrate. As reported models of LA and furfural production from POEFBs that earlier, ammonia will also increase the accessibility of cellu- were pretreated with ammonia. A kinetic experiment was lose because it acts as a swelling agent. performed using a pressurized reactor at a temperature of 150–170°C, with a sulfuric acid catalyst at concentrations Figure 2. SEM images of OPEFB: (a) before the ammonia of 0.5 M and 1 M. In the kinetic experiments, the greatest pretreatment; (b) after the ammonia pretreatment. Images of (a) and LA yield was 52.1 mol%, which was obtained at a reac- (b) have 2 different magnifications: with 400 µm (upper images) and tion temperature of 170°C, after a 90 min reaction, using 10 µm (lower images). an acid concentration of 1 M. The highest furfural yield Figure 2 shows the XRD patterns of TiO2 P25 and prepared was 27.94 mol%, which was obtained at a temperature of TiNT. The dominant peaks in Fig. 2a at 2θ of 25.28°, 37.82°, 170°C, after a 20 min reaction, using an acid concentration 48.08°, 53.94°, and 55.06° are ft to the crystalline structure of 0.5 M. SAA pretreatment affected activation energy in of anatase TiO2, which correspond to the crystal planes of glucose degradation reactions and favoured direct conver- (101), (004), (200), (105), and (211), respectively (according sion of hemicellulose to furfural. Based on the evaluation of to JCPDS no. 21-1272). In addition, relatively small peaks the kinetic parameters, the simultaneous kinetic model has at 2θ of 27.46°, 36.08°, and 41.28° corresponding to (110), been shown to have the same trends as the separate kinetic (101), and (111) plane of rutile crystalline structure (JCPDS models in LA and furfural production: the activation energy no. 21-1276) was also ascertained for the case of P25. The of LA production (EakHMF) increases with higher acid cata- XRD pattern of TiNT (Fig. 2b) also contains peaks of anatase lyst concentration, and the activation energy of furfural TiO2 (2θ: 25.35°, 37.87°, 48.10°, 54.03°, and 55.13°), but not production (EakXYN) decreases with higher acid concentra- rutile peak. tion. Higher reaction temperature and acid concentration LA optimization results are presented in Figure 3. According will increase LA production. However, higher acid concen- to Figure 4(f ), the highest yield of LA in the kinetic exper- tration can reduce furfural production because of furfural iments was 52.1 mol%; this was obtained at a reaction decomposition. Based on the lower sum of square error (SSE) temperature of 170° C, after a 90 min reaction, using an acid of the optimization result between the experimental data concentration of 1 M. Girisuta et al] and Dussan et al.exam- and the models in the kinetic parameter estimation, simulta- ined the kinetics of LA production from sugarcane bagasse neous kinetic model is better to calculate kinetic parameters and a Miscanthus giganteus cross, respectively, at a tempera- of LA and furfural production than separate kinetic models. ture of 150–200°C, with a sulfuric acid catalyst (0.1–0.5 M), and obtained yields of around 60–70% mol. Acknowledgement The authors acknowledge financial support from Indonesia Estate Crop Fund for Palm Oil (BPDPKS; Research Grant no. Peng-01/DPKS.4/2015); from the Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education of the Republic of Indonesia through the World Class Professor (WCP) Program (no. 168. A10/D2/KP/2017); and from the USAID through the SHERA program—Centre for Development of Sustainable Region (CDSR). References 1. H. Rabemanolontsoa and S. Saka, “Various pretreatments of lignocel- lulosics,” Bioresource Technology, vol. 199, pp. 83–91, 2016. 2. B. S. Harish, M. J. Ramaiah, and K. B. Uppuluri, “Bioengineering strat- egies on catalysis for the effective production of renewable and sustainable energy,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 51, pp. 533–547, 2015. 53

Visible Light Absorption and Photo-Sensitizing Characteristics of Natural Dye Extracted from Mangosteen Pericarps Using Different Solvents Nofrijon Sofyan Aga Ridhova, Kalisha R.O. Pramono, Akhmad H. Yuwono, Arief Udhiarto Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Published in: natural dye-sensitized. solar cells (N-DSSCs). Because the International Journal of cost in obtaining the natural dyes are relatively low, while Advances Sciences at the same time they are abundant in nature, easy to extract using cheap solvents, safe material handling, envi- SJR : 0.24 Q2 (2017) ronmentally friendly, and fully biodegradable, these natural H index : 7 dyes would be a preferable choice for the green solar cell IF : - development. Abstract Dyes contain important compound that forms a pigment essential in the DSSC efficiency. A dye can be attached onto Dye is an important factor in determining the efficiency of TiO2 surface because of the presence of carbonyl (C=O) a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) device. One of the dyes and hydroxyl (OH) groups in the dye. In addition, these derived from natural resource is anthocyanin. At the same carbonyl and hydroxyl group also can stabilize the excited time, one of the natural resources containing anthocyanin states and resulted in the maximum absorption by having is a tropical plant called mangosteen. In this work, the char- lower energy. One of the natural dyes containing these acteristics of anthocyanin extracted from mangosteen functional groups is anthocyanin, which has been known pericarps using different solvents have been examined. The to exhibit broad region of the visible light spectrum. This anthocyanin was extracted from mangosteen pericarps broad region is attributed to its charge transfer transitions. using various different solvents, i.e. dry ethanol, ethanol At the same time, one of the natural resources containing containing 1% HCl, and ethanol containing 1% acetic acid. anthocyanin is a tropical plant called mangosteen (Garcinia Absorption characteristic of dye extracted from different mangostana L.). This plant is native to the Indonesia, specif- solvents was determined using ultraviolet-visible spectros- ically in Sunda and Moluccas. It has globular shape, purplish copy (UV-Vis). Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) was used brown colour, a size similar to a small apple, and consists of to examine the functional groups of the extracted dye. edible white flesh and a dense, thick and purplish-brown Visible light absorption and photo-sensitizing character- pericarp that contains a dye istics of the extracted natural dye were then investigated through their applications in a DSSC device. The results Methodology from infrared characterization showed that all of the extracted dyes indicated the same tendency with the char- Mangosteen pericarps were obtained by emptying the acteristic of anthocyanin. At the same time, the UV-Vis sweet white flesh of edible parts out. The pericarps were examination revealed that the dye extracted using solvent washed thoroughly under running water and allowed to HCl 1% acidified ethanol was found to have a visible light stand for some time to evaporate the remaining water absorption at a wavelength of 533 nm. This result indi- before chopping them in a blender. The chopped pericarps cated that HCl 1% acidified ethanol was the best solvent were then air dried for 48 hours. The dried chopped peri- to extract anthocyanin from mangosteen pericarps. The carps were further ground using a blender and sieved to activity of the DSSC device sensitized using the extracted obtain a fine homogeneous powder. dye through a photocurrent-voltage examination showed a power conversion efficiency of 0.23% and 0.18% for A total of 10 grams of the fine powder was then put the device using the commercial dye and the mangosteen into an Erlenmeyer flask and was added with 100 mL of extracted dye, respectively. This result is quite convincing different solvents, i.e. dry ethanol, ethanol containing 1% and promising for the next DSSC device development using HCl, and ethanol containing 1% acetic acid (Sigma Aldrich). natural dye extracted from mangosteen pericarps. The mixture was stirred using a magnetic stirrer at room temperature for 6 hours. After the stirring process, the Keywords: Anthocyanin; Dye-sensitized solar cell; supernatant was passed through a filter paper to separate Mangosteen; Natural dyes; Power conversion efficiency. the insoluble powder with the solvent. The filtered super- natant was allowed to stand for some time at ambient Introduction conditions to evaporate the solvent and to obtain a concen- trated dye of about 10 mL. Dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are photoelectrochem- ical devices that mimics the effects of photosynthesis For DSSC Fabrication, firstly, TiO2 nanoparticle paste was using a simple electrochemical principle, i.e. by capturing prepared by adding an amount of ethanol into commercial photon energy at the molecular level and directly convert TiO2 nanoparticle powder and stirred to form a gel-like it into electrical energy. There have been many studies and paste. Two drops of TRITON X-100 were added into this researches to explore the dye molecules from alternative paste and the stirring process was continued until a homo- green sources such as from extracted plant parts, e.g. roots, geneous paste was obtained. Secondly, two conductive bark, leaves, flowers, fruits, vegetables, and flowers called glass substrates made of fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO, Solaronix) were prepared. One of the glass substrates was drilled to create two tiny holes at one side for the elec- trolyte injection. Thirdly, the other perforated FTO glass 54

substrate was coated with a platinum paste and dried for an hour at 450°C. Both the coated glass substrates were then attached to one another separated by a spacer. Cell activity was measured by using a semiconductor parameter analyzer (SPA, Agilent 4155A) with a standard illumination of about 100 mW/cm2. FFigure 3 Photocurrent-voltage characteristics of the DSSC with sensitizer from the commercial dye (dash line) and from the mangosteen extracted natural dye (solid line) Figure 1. The color of the dye solution after mangosteen pericarps As seen in Fig. 3, photocurrent-voltage characteristics of the extraction using different solvent. Left to right: ethanol containing 1% natural and commercial dyes as sensitizer in DSSC device HCl, ethanol containing 1% acetic acid, and dry ethanol are around 0.45 and 0.55 volts, respectively, with a current density of around 0.97 mA/cm2. Based on the extrapola- Result and Discussion tion of the graphs obtained from the photocurrent-voltage examination, the efficiency is found to be 0.23% and 0.18% As seen in Fig. 2, the spectra of the mangosteen extracted for the device sensitized using the commercial dye and the dye from different solvents show the same appearance with mangosteen extracted dye, respectively. the same functional groups. All of the dyes, including the commercial one, show the hydrogen bonded OH stretching Conclusion bands ranging from 3250 to 3450 cm-1. However, different from the commercial one, the mangosteen extracted dye The results from infrared characterization showed that all using different solvents show bands at around 2878 to 2973 of the mangosteen extracted dyes indicate have the same that represent C-H groups stretching. Band at 1640 cm−1 tendency with the characteristic of anthocyanin. However, indicates C=O stretching vibration, only small peak exists the results from UV-Vis examination showed that HCl 1% for the extracted dye. The bands at 1423-1274 cm-1 belong acidified ethanol was found to have a visible light absorp- to aromatic compound (absent in the case of commercial tion at a wavelength of 533 nm, therefore it could the best dye), band at 1045 belongs to C – O, and stretching vibra- solvent to extract anthocyanin from mangosteen pericarps. tion of C–O–C esters is found at 1046 cm−1. This finding The activity from the photocurrent-voltage examination is an indication that all of the extracted dye using different showed a power conversion efficiency of 0.23% and 0.18% solvent show the presence of anthocyanin. for the device using the commercial dye and the mango- steen extracted dye, respectively. This result is convincing Figure 2 Fourier transform infrared transmittance characteristics and promising for the next DSSC device development using of the commercial dye and the mangosteen extracted dye using natural dyes different solvents at wavenumber from 4000 – 400 cm-1 Acknowledgement The authors would like to thank the Directorate of Research and Community Services (DRPM) Universitas Indonesia for the research funding under Hibah PITTA No. 823/UN2. R3.1/HKP.05.00/2017. References 1. B. O'Regan and M. Grätzel, “A Low-Cost, High Efficiency Solar Cell Based on Dye-Sensitized Colloidal TiO2 Films,” Nature, Vol. 353, pp. 737-740, 1991. 2. R. Syafinar, N. Gomesh, M. Irwanto, M. Fareq, Y.M. Irwan, “Potential of Purple Cabbage, Coffee, Blueberry and Turmeric as Nature Based Dyes for Dye Sesitized Solar Cell (DSSC),” Energy Procedia, vol. 79, pp. 799–807, 2015. 3. N. Sofyan, A. Ridhova, A.H. Yuwono, A. Udhiarto. “Fabrication of Solar Cells with TiO2 Nanoparticles Sensitized Using Natural Dye Extracted from Mangosteen Pericarps”, International Journal of Technology, vol. 7, pp. 1229-1238, 2017 55

Optimization of Random Access Channel in NB-IoT Ruki Harwahyu Ray Guang Cheng, Chia Hung Wei, Riri Fitri Sari Department of Electrical Engineering Published in: International Journal of system containing parallel multi-channel slotted ALOHA Advances Sciences systems operating in different frequency bands. In this system, each UE is assigned to an initial band. A UE trans- SJR : 1.34 Q1 (2017) mits a packet by randomly selecting a sub-channel from its H index : 31 initial band. The time is slotted, and each transmission is aligned to the slot. IF : 5.863 (2017) Performance is measured in term of access success probability, PS, and average access delay, D. PS is the prob- Abstract ability for UEs to successfully complete the transmission, Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) is a new access Figure 1. Mult-band multi-channel slotted ALOHA system with 3 technology introduced by 3GPP. This paper presents an bands analytical model to estimate the access success probability calculated by counting successful UEs from all slots in all and average access delay of the random access channels bands and divide it by M. D is the average time required by by considering maximum number of preamble transmis- successful UEs to complete its transmission, calculated by sions, size of backoff windows, and number of sub-carriers totaling the time spent by all successful UEs and divide it by in each coverage enhancement (CE) levels. A joint optimi- number of successful UEs. zation technique is proposed to configure the parameters Modelling the random access procedure in NB-IoT to maximize the access success probability under a target In NB-IoT, retransmission is conducted with power ramping, delay constraint. The accuracy of the analysis and the i.e. by increasing the transmission power at the next effectiveness of the proposed optimization technique are attempt. The detection probability of the nth attempt is verified by computer simulations and benchmarked with modeled as 1-e-n herein [3]. The number of succe ssful UEs exhaustive search. The result shows that the proposed in each slot is limited by the number of uplink resources, optimization is able to find the optimal configuration under NUL. various conditions. Figure 2. Timing diagram for retransmissions at the same band Introduction (bottom) and at the next higher band Proposed Optimization NARROWBAND Internet of Things (NB-IoT) is a new 3GPP Our prime goal is to maximize the access success proba- standard aiming to support massive number of user equip- bility, PS, while ensuring the RA delay of successful UEs ment (UE) operated in an enhanced coverage area. NB-IoT does not exceed UE’s tolerable access delay, Dmax. Based adopts existing LTE-A OFDMA technology but each carrier only requires 180 kHz bandwidth. An NB-IoT cell can be configured with one anchor carrier and zero or more non-anchor carriers. As in LTE, a UE initiates a random access (RA) procedure to acquire uplink resource for data transmission. The UE transmits its first preamble through the narrowband physical RA channel (NPRACH) from its initial CE level. Concurrent channel access from massive number of UEs may congest the RA channel. The conges- tion becomes even worse in NB-IoT due to the limited resource resulted from narrow bandwidth and repetition. In this paper, we present an analytical model to estimate and optimize the configuration of NPRACH in NB-IoT. We first model the RA in NB-IoT as a multi-band multi- channel slotted ALOHA by considering maximum number of preamble transmissions, size of backoff windows, and number of sub-carriers in each CE level. We then propose a joint optimization technique to configure these parameters for maximization of the access success probability subject to a given delay restriction. Methodology Multi-band multi-channel slotted ALOHA model A multi-band multi-channel slotted ALOHA system is a 56

on the proposed model, we jointly optimize the settings Figure 3. Maximum Ps for of number of CE levels, B; maximum number of preamble various M and arrival models transmissions for each user, NPTmax,G; maximum number of preamble transmissions in each CE level, NPTmax,b; backoff window in each CE level, WBO,b; and number of sub-carriers in each CE level, Rb. We consider the most challenging scenario where NB-IoT is deployed with only one carrier (i.e. anchor carrier), which gives only 48 sub-car- riers. From Ps formula, this problem is formulated as The left side of the constraint in formula above expresses Figure 4. Maximum Ps for the longest possible delay among all CE levels, while the various M and repartitions of right side expresses the maximum delay corrected by the m0:m1:m2 average arrival time of the UEs. Figure 5. Maximum Ps for Result and Discussion various Dmax and arrival models. In this section, the PS obtained from the proposed opti- mization and the highest PS found by exhaustive search Figure 6. Maximum Ps performed over the entire configuration space are for various Dmax and compared. They are denoted with ‘opt’ and ‘search’, repartitions of m0:m1:m2 respectively. Four experiments are examined to verify the effectiveness of the proposed optimization. The 1st Conclusion and 2nd experiments have the objective to maximize PS with constant Dmax = 10s [20, 21] and varying M from This paper consists of two main parts. The first part pres- 120 to 2400. The 3rd and 4th experiments have the same ents a model to estimate the access success probability and objective as experiment 1 and 2, respectively, but under average access delay of random access in NB-IoT. Simulation constant M=600 and varying Dmax from 5 to 15s. Higher results show that the model closely approximates the perfor- Dmax means more relaxed delay requirement. It allows the mance metrics. The second part presents a joint optimization use of higher WBO,b, NPTmax,G, and/or NPTmax,b which of multiple parameters of random access in NB-IoT to maxi- in general can increase PS. mize access success probability under a delay constraint. Our optimal configuration is validated against exhaustive search. To The result of experiment 1 is shown in Fig. 3. It shows that maximize access success probability, we propose to have 3 CE the results from our optimization are all coincided with the levels. One of the findings of this paper is that retransmission in results from the search. the higher CE level(s) is not used in the optimal configuration. Backoff windows are also discussed. We contribute to derive The second experiment takes the ‘beta’ case from the the rule with which backoff windows can be configured, along first experiment and uses it with several different ratios of with maximum number of preamble transmission, with respect m0:m1:m2. The results are shown in Fig. 4. Similar to the to the given maximum tolerable delay. Another contribution of first experiment, Fig. 9 shows that the proposed optimi- the paper is the approximate comparison in determining the zation is able to fine-tune the configurable parameters to optimum CE level to allocate more sub-carriers. yield the best PS in each given case. It is also shown that the case with m0:m1:m2=2:1:1 consistently yields higher References PS than the others. 1. J. Chen, K. Hu, Q. Wang, Y. Sun, Z. Shi, S. He, “Narrow-band The results of experiment 3 are shown in Fig. 5 where internet ofthings: implementations and applications,” IEEE Internet higher Dmax yields higher PS. In this figure, the inflection of Things J., vol. PP, no. 99, pp. 1-5, Oct. 2017, DOI:10.1109/ points are mainly caused by different value of NPTmax,G JIOT.2017.2764475. and/or WBO,b. The change in NPTmax,G and/or WBO,b to improve PS may cause D>Dmax. Since the value of WBO,b 2. 3GPP TS 36.321, “Medium access control (MAC) protocol specifica- can spans for more than 1 seconds, one-second increase of tion,” V13.2.0, Jun. 2016. Dmax in x axis does not always followed by the change in NPTmax,G and/or WBO,b. Similar NPTmax,G and WBO,b 3. 3GPP TR 37.868, “Study on RAN improvements for machine-type yields similar PS. Hence, Fig. 5 shows stair-like increase of communications,” V11.0.0, Sep. 2011. PS as Dmax increases. 4. I. Rubin, “Group random-access discipline for multi-access broadcast The results of experiment 4 are shown in Fig. 6. Compared channels,” IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol. IT-24, no. 5, pp. 578–592, Sep. to the results in Fig. 5, the improvement of PS introduced 1978. by longer Dmax is less pronounced in Fig. 6. Several inflec- tion points are also apparent in Fig. 6, which are caused by 57 the same reason as in Fig. 5.

Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity of Pt Deposited on Titania Nanotube Arrays for The Hydrogen Production with Glycerol as a Sacrificial Agent Slamet Ratnawati, Jarnuzi Gunlazuardi, Eniya Listiani Dewi Department of Chemical Engineering Published in: glycerol photo-reforming scheme, but also as a hole scav- International Journal of enger, which further hinders electron-hole recombination. Advances Sciences Two methods of depositing Pt (photo-assisted deposition and chemical reduction) are compared on the basis of H2 SJR : 1,116 Q1 yield, and the reaction mechanism of H2 photo-production H index : 173 in the presence of glycerol is also proposed. IF : 4,229 Methodology Abstract Synthesis of TNTA. Nanotubular arrays of TiO2 were Photocatalytic activity of Pt-loaded TiO2 nanotube grown on Ti sheets by 30-V anodization in an electrolyte arrays (Pt-TNTA) in the presence of glycerol as a sacri- containing glycerol, water, and NH4F for 90 mins. Upon ficial agent to produce H2 has been studied. The effects anodization, TNTA was annealed at 500 oC for 3 h to obtain of Pt loading and the methods by which it is deposited anatase crystallite phase. on TNTA (chemical reduction and photo-assisted depo- Deposition of Pt on TNTA. Deposition of Pt on TNTA sition) were carefully examined. TiO2 nanotube arrays of was carried out through two different methods, namely anatase crystallite phase were successfully formed on the photo-assisted deposition and chemical reduction. The surface of Ti sheet, substantiated by FESEM imaging and former was accomplished by UV illumination of H2PtCl6 XRD patterns. Deposition of Pt on the surface of TNTA was solution, which also contains methanol as a hole scavenger, also confirmed by means of EDX spectra as well as TEM while the latter was achieved by dipping the TNTA sheet in elemental mapping. Interestingly, DRS analysis showed excess NaBH4. band gap narrowing of TNTA upon PT decoration, which Characterisation of Pt-TNTA. Morphological analysis was is advantageous in terms of red-shift photon absorption. performed using TEM (FEI type, Tecnai G2 STWIN, 200 kV) The best outcome of hydrogen production was obtained and FESEM (FEI-Inspect F50 and Jeol-JIB-4610F) micro-im- in the use of Pt-loaded TNTA via a photo-assisted depo- aging, while the elemental composition was analysed using sition method, revealing improvement of nearly 5 times EDX spectroscopy (EDX, Oxfords XMAX 50 detector) and higher than that achieved by its unloaded TNTA counter- AAS (AAS Annalyst 400 type, Perkin Elmer). Crystallinity part. Findings in this work also imply that the role of Pt is and optical properties of Pt-TNTA were scrutinised by not restricted to the enhancement of H2 photoproduction, means of XRD (Shimadzu XRD 7000) and UV-Vis DRS anal- rather it also imposes the direction of reactions, hence the ysis (Shimadzu 2450), respectively. intermediates and final products. Photoproduction of H2. Generation of H2 was conducted in a 500-ml Pyrex glass reactor under illumination of light Keywords: Titania nanotube arrays, Platinum, Chemical composing of 83% visible and 17% UV from a mercury reduction, Photo-assisted deposition, hydrogen lamp. The reactor is equipped with a thermocouple, and the solution is continuously and vigorously stirred. The Introduction intermediate and final products of photocatalytic reactions were identified by an in-situ Gas Chromatograph (Shimadzu Titania-based photocatalytic production of H2 has been GC 2004) with RTX capillary column. studied in the past few decades in responding to the ever increasing demand for clean energy, as well as circum- Figure 1 - FESEM (a) Top image, (b) with angle 45o of TNTA, and (c) venting the inevitable depletion of fossil-based fuels. TiO2 Top image, (d) with angle 45o of Pt-TNTA- is particularly interesting as compared to other light-har- vesting semiconductors due to its cost effectiveness, nontoxicity, low environmental impact, high photocatalytic activity and excellent chemical stability [1]. Although the use of TiO2 in solar-production of H2 is promising, some drawbacks have also been renowned, namely inactivity under visible light illumination, high deactivation rate due to exciton recombination, and limited active area. In this study, TiO2 was fabricated in the form of nano- tubular arrays through an anodization method in order to increase the surface area, as well as facilitate prompt migration of excitons. Pt nanoparticles were deposited on the nanotube surface as an electron anchor [2], hence suppressing recombination. On the other hand, glycerol is included in the reaction system, not only as a reactant for 58

Result and Discussion Figure 4 - The H2 and CO2 generated by Pt-TNTA as a function of irradiation time. Inset: H2:CO ratio FESEM imaging (Figure 1) confirmed the formation of nanto- tubular structures of TiO2 with average inner diameter of 80 nm, wall thickness of 20 nm, and length of approx- imately 2.5 μm. The generated nanotube arrays were of anatase structure with crystallite size within the range of 22 - 30 nm. Pt was successfully deposited on the surface of TNTA, as corroborated by EDX spectra, elemental mapping and TEM analysis (Figure 2). Band gap narrowing upon Pt loading was implied by UV - Vis DRS analysis, resulting in a band gap value of 2.93 eV, notably lower than a typical value of 3.2 eV associated with anatase. The photocatalyst sample with Pt deposited via a photo-assisted deposition method (Pt-TNTA-PDC) evidently outperformed its bare TNTA counterpart in producing hydrogen by 4.7 times, while that with Pt deposited by chemical reduction could improve H2 production by 3.8 times. During photocat- alytic operations, glycerol served an important purpose in suppressing electron-hole recombination by providing holes an oxidative target which is less energy-demanding than water. It is proposed that glycerol underwent dehy- drogenation and decarbonylation processes producing ethylene glycol, followed by dehydration and oxidation towards acetic acid, before transforming into H2 and CO2, eventually. Based on our findings (Figures 3 – 5) proposed reaction pathway [4] of glycerol photo-reforming over Pt-TNTA is described as follows: Figure 5 - The total amount of some intermediate products detected as a function of irradiation time with Pt-TNTA-PDC We suggest that the role of Pt is not restricted to the Conclusion enhancement of H2 photoproduction, rather it also imposes the reaction direction, hence the intermediates This paper reports the modification of TiO2 as a photocat- and final products. alyst for H2 production from glycerol solution. Nanotubular superstructure of TiO2 was obtained and Pt was successfully deposited on the tube surface. Photo-assisted deposition was found to offer better photocatalytic activities of resul- tant composite, as compared to chemical reduction by NaBH4. The presence of Pt is imperative not only to main- tain high reaction rate by suppressing recombination, but also to direct the reaction pathway. Findings in this study confirm the prominence of Pt-loaded TNTA in facilitating photocatalytic production of H2. Acknowledgement The authors would like to thank LP3M Institut Teknologi Indonesia and Directorate General of Higher Education (DGHE), Indonesian Ministry of National Education for the financial support of this research (Hibah Bersaing grant no. 025/K3/KM/SPK/2013). Figure 3 - Accumulative H2 generation as a function of irradiation time References for various photocatalyst. Inset: H2 production rate as a function of variety of photocatalysts 1. Wang et al., Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 2016 (42):1-6 2. Gao et al., Appl. Surf. Sci., 2017(391):211-217 3. Anthony et al., Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 2012(37):8286-8278 4. Panagiotopolou et al., Catal. Today, 2013(209):91-98 59

Preparation and Characterization of Phosphate- Sludge Kaolin Mixture for Ceramics Bricks Sotya Astutiningsih. Jackson Muliawan Department of Industrial Engineering Published in: to 75oC (Little et al., 2008). Besides lowering the sintering International Journal of temperature, the addition of PS also reduced the level of Technology arsenic leaching (Little et al., 2008). In addition, the presence of a metal with a low melting point such as zinc, contributed SJR : 0.26 Q2 (2017) to the increase of liquid phase at lower temperatures (Little H index : 6 et al., 2008). The mass optimization of PS utilization is the IF : - main focus in this study. Sintering temperature related to optimum mixture composition of PS-kaolin was varied to Abstract obtain the best compressive strength at the lowest sintering temperatures, hence the minimum energy consumption. Phosphate Sludge (PS) waste has been a problem in metal surface finishing industry. The waste cannot be dumped in Methodology landfill due to the metal content. Valorisation of the waste will be beneficial in a way that it conserves natural reserves PS used in these experiments were supplied from a metal and reduces energy consumption. This paper describes the surface treatment company in Banten Province, Indonesia, attempt of utilization of PS by mixing it in kaolin in prepara- while kaolin was purchased from PT RAK Minerals Indonesia tion of ceramic bricks. A series of experiments showed that under the trademark of Cerafill. The kaolin, with a size of mixtures containing between 25–50 mass % PS sintered at 325 mesh, was originated from Bangka island, Indonesia. 1200oC attained the highest compressive strength of >25 For specimen preparation, PS was cloth-filtered to reduce MPa. X-ray diffractions (XRD) showed that the presence excessive water, washed and then dried at 110oC until of PS hindered the formation of mullite, the phase that sufficiently dried to be milled. The milled PS was mashed contribute to strength in Al2O3–SiO2 kaolin system. In the by hand mortar and sieved to 100 mesh. PS and kaolin mixture of 1:1 kaolin: PS fired at 1200oC, cristobalite was at specified mixing ratios were mixed using hand rotating formed, instead of mullite, as observed in the XRD patterns. drum and casted in molds with dimensions according to the tests. Phase analysis using XRD and SEM observa- Keywords: Ceramics; Firing; Kaolin; Phosphate-sludge tion were carried out to understand the phase(s) formation during sintering. Density, water absorption and initial rate Introduction of suction (IRS) of the products with the optimum strength were then measured. XRD was performed using XRD-7000 Zinc phosphate is widely used in the finishing process of X Shimadzu Maxima, equipped with a graphite monochro- metal industries such as automotive, steel furniture, house- mator and using Cu radiation K�, wavelength (λ) of 1.54 Å. ware, electrical equipment, construction, etc., due to its JEOL JSM-6390A SEM equipped with Energy-Dispersive capability to protect the base metal from corrosion and to X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) was utilized for microstructure enhance paint adhesion. However, the use of zinc phos- observation. Density of the specimen was calculated by phate produces waste in the form of liquid, which can be dividing the mass measured with volume calculated from treated and disposed to the environment, and solid sedi- the specimen dimension. Dimensional measurements were ment known as phosphate sludge (PS) which is harmful if not carried out using a calliper while mass of the specimens properly treated. PS is a mixture of iron and zinc salt of phos- were weighed using an analytical balance with an accuracy phoric acid with the general formula ZnFe7/3(PO4)3, also of ± 0.01 gram. called as phosphophylite. PS mass range consists mainly of, in weight percentage, ~20 iron, 50-55 phosphorus, and ~10 Result and Discussion zinc (Narayanan, 2005). According to the US Environmental Agency (USEPA) PS is considered hazardous and therefore Figure 1 shows the compressive strength of kaolin – PS at must be encapsulated before disposing in landfills. The high various compositions after firing at different temperature cost of PS handling that cannot be disposed into drains and and time. Compressive strength values presented were the environment directly, has been a problem that demands from the best three specimens made at the specified firing an urgent solution. condition. Many specimens cracked during firing very prob- ably due to thermal shrinkage. At all compositions, strength The presence of phosphate and iron oxides affects sintering increased with increasing firing temperature, however the temperature hence phase(s) formation, mechanical and increase in strength up to 1000oC was not significant. physical properties of the products. A study found that the Significant increase occurrred at firing above 1150°C. addition of phosphate compounds into kaolin decreased Accordingly, 1200°C can be considered as a minimum sintering temperature of up to 200oC without decreasing sintering temperature to produce ceramic bricks complying rupture strength (Little et al., 2008). Little and colleagues with the required compressive strength of more than 10 reported an experiment by adding 10 weight % of dried MPa. PS of tri-cationic phosphate solution into fly ash ceramic, resulted in significantly lower sintering temperature of up 60

Figure 3.SEM micrographs of PS-kaolin specimens fired at 1200°C for 2 hours: (a) 0%PS; (b) 10%PS; (c) 20% PS; (d) 50% PS Figure 1.Compressive strength of 0, 25 and 50 mass % PS – kaolin For Water Absorption and Initial Rate of Suction (IRS), Mean specimens fired at different temperatures for 1 hour sintering value of water absorption of specimens containing 10 mass Figure 2 shows the compressive strength of 2 hours - % PS fired at 1200°C was 30.23% which is not in accordance 1200oC sintered kaolin with 0, 10, 20, 25 and 50 mass with ASTM C 67-03 “Standard test method for sampling and % substitution of PS. As shown by the figure, there was a testing bricks and structural clay tile” which is 13 to 17%. tendency that strength increased with the addition of PS Due to similar reason with water absorption, the IRS of up to 25% after which the strength decreased. However kaolin mixture containing 10 weight% of PS did not meet the the strength of kaolin without PS was inconsistently lower required value of <20g/dm2/min. IRS measurement were compared to the same treatment at 1 hour firing as shown performed on 11 samples and gave the mean value of 239 in Figure 1. Highest compressive strength of >25 MPa was g/dm²/min. achieved by specimens prepared with the addition of 25 to 50% of PS fired at 1200oC. Conclusion Figure 2Compressive strength of kaolin - PS specimens fired Activated carbon has been produced from untreated at1200oC for 2 hours with different content of PS in mass percent Indonesian In this study ZnOnanorods grown on glass substrates were successfully synthesized via CBD technique Figure 3 shows the fractured surface of 1200oC- fired involving seeding and growing stages. It has been found that specimens of PS-kaolin containing 0, 10, 20 and 50% PS. a seeding solution (0.05 M) prepared at 25oC can provide These SEM images were at the same magnification and it more homogeneous coverage of ZnOnanorods on the shows that specimens with higher content of PS contains substrate surface with a larger average nanorod diameter, in more pores. Specimens’ surface topography at 0 mass% PS, comparison to previous reactions at 0 oC. This resulted from as shown in Figure 3a appeared denser and did not show the ripening mechanism in the seeding stage, which allowed any pores. Specimen with 10% PS already showed a few the nuclei to grow more in the subsequent CBD process. pores, in the image in Figure 3b there were approximately Varying CBD growing time from 3 to 5 hours produced 4 small pores sizing less than 10 µm. Increased addition of nanorods with average crystallite sizes and Egs of 22.85 to PS to 20% in which the specimen’s surface image shown in 32.48 nm and 3.63 to 3.13 eV. Considering their nanostruc- Figure 3c showed much more pores with diameter ranging turalcharacteristics and optical properties, the resulting from 10 to 100 µm. In the clay-PS mixture of 50% as ZnOnanorod samples are promising for transparent heater presented in Figure 3d, the specimen was full of large cavi- applications. However, further optimization is still necessary ties and started to disintegrate. to achieve the desired combination of high transparency and electrical conductivity Acknowledgement This research has been funded by The Ministry of Research and Higher Education of the Republic of Indonesia through The University of Indonesia under the grant Excellent Research of Higher Education (PenelitianUnggulanPerguruan Tinggi) 2017 No. 2760/ADD/UN2.R3.1/HKP05.00/2017. The authors wish to thank the Laboratory of Metallurgical Process of the Department of Metallurgy and Materials for facilitating the experiments. References 1. Bersch, R.A., Brehm, F.A., Kazmierczak, C.S., 2012. Changes in Ceramic Blocks Porosity with Phosphate Sludge due to Salt Crystallization. University of Vale do Rio dos Sinos, Brazil 2. Caponero, J., Tenório, J.A.S., 2000. Laboratory Testing of the Use of Phosphate-coating Sludge in Cement Clinker. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, Volume 29(3), pp. 169–179 3. Charfi, A., Sahnoun, R.D., Bouaziz, J., 2013. Characterization and Mechanical Properties of Phosphate-kaolin Clay. Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry, University of Sfax. Tunisia 4. Doğan, Ö.,Karpuzcu, M., 2010. Recovery of Phosphate Sludge as Concrete Supplementary Materials. Clean-Soil, Air, Water, Volume 38(10), pp. 977–980 Guo, A., 2010. Preparation of Mullite from Desilication-fly Ash. Fuel, Volume 89(12), pp. 3630–3636 61

The Effect Of Metal Loading On The Performance Of Tri-Metallic Supported Catalyst For Carbon Nanotubes Synthesis From Liquefied Petroleum Gas Praswasti Pembangun Dyah Kencana Wulan Puguh Setyopratomo, Mahmud Sudibandriyo Department of Chemical Engineering Published in: Methodology International Journal of Technology The CNT were synthesized in an electrically heated vertical tubular reactor. The reactor arrangement is shown in Figure SJR : 0.26 Q2 (2017) 1.The quartz wool, as well as the catalyst, were introduced H index : 6 into the reactor through the upper end of the reactor by IF : - removing the rubber plug. As much as 0.2 g calcined cata- lyst was used in each experiment. Prior to performing CNT Abstract synthesis, the catalyst was reduced at 450oC for 5 hours byCNT synthesis was then carried out at a reactor tempera- Carbon nanotubes (CNT) were synthesized from lique- ture of 750–850oC for 30 minutes by flowing a mixture of fied petroleum gas by a chemical vapor deposition method liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), hydrogen, and argon at flow using a Fe-Co-Mo/MgO supported catalyst. Metal loading rate 25 cm3/minute, 19 cm3/minute, and 150 cm3/minute, was varied from 2.5 to 20 wt%. The catalyst with metal respectively. loading of 10 wt% produced the highest CNT yield, at 4.55 g CNT/g catalyst. This high CNT yield was attributed to the At the end of synthesis, all the gas flows were switched off, high pore volume of the catalyst. The diameter of the CNT as well as the furnace heater, to allow the reactor to cool to was quite variable: the outer diameter ranged from about room temperature. The mass of CNT was calculated from 4 to 12 nm, while the inner diameter ranged from about 2 the reactor weight different before and after synthesis. to 5 nm. The catalyst with 10 wt% metal loading produced CNT with the highest surface area and the largest total pore volume. XRD analysis detected the existence of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite, C(002), at 2 theta ≈ 26o, which was attributed to the CNT. Keywords: Carbon nanotubes; Chemical vapor deposition; Liquefied petroleum gas; Metal loading; Supported catalyst Introduction Figure 1.The Reactor Arrangement Various methods are available for carbon nanotube (CNT) The existence of a crystalline phase in the calcined catalyst, as synthesis, but chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is viewed well as in the as-grown CNT, was investigated using an X-ray as having the most potential for use in large scale produc- diffractometer. The CNT orientation and morphology was tion. This is because CVD is easily controlled and less analyzed using a transmission electron microscope. A surface expensive than other CNT synthesis methods, and it can be area analyzer was used to analyze the surface areas and pore operated at atmospheric pressure and a lower temperature characteristics of the catalyst and the CNT. (i.e., 500–1000°C). Result And Discussion In CNT production by CVD, the performance of the cata- lysts is often more efficient if mixtures of transition metals are The CNT yield was expressed in two ways. The first way used, rather than a single metal alone. The reaction tempera- was to express the yield as the mass of CNT per mass of ture also can be lowered for mixtures of two or more metals calcined catalyst feed.The yield of CNT at all metal loadings (Dupuis, 2015) . Ago et al. (2006) reported that catalyst is presented in Figure 2. The highest yield was obtained at a activity increased in accordance with the metal used, in the metal loading of 10 wt%, which is 4.55 g CNT/g catalyst and order of Fe > Co > Ni. Although Fe is more active than Co, is equivalent to 68.98 g CNT/g active components. This result Co is superior to Fe for producing CNT with respect to the was comparable with the yield obtained from CVD synthesis degree of graphitization and the CNT structure. Molybdenum using the same carbon source conducted by Huang et al. (Mo) is usually added to the Fe or Co catalyst to increase its (2008), who obtained 8 g CNT/g catalyst using a ferrocene activity. Mo does not play a role as an active catalyst; instead, catalyst but at a longer reaction time (60 minutes). it serves as a promoter or activator to enhance the catalyst performance. Mo also acts as an inhibitor to prevent rapid deactivation of the catalyst. So, The main disadvantage of using a single metal as an active catalyst component is the low performance. 62

The CNT yield may have a relationship with the pore Conclusion volume of the catalyst, as indicated in Figure 3. The largest pore volume for the calcined catalyst was obtained when We observed a significant influence of the catalyst compo- the metal loading was 10 wt%, which is 0.632 cm3/g. A sition and characteristics on the yield and properties of the large pore volume will be beneficial because it will increase the loading capacity and minimize barriers to diffusion and transport The TEM analysis was performed on CNT that were synthe- sized with a 10 wt% metal loading catalyst, as that loading had provided the highest CNT yield. The CNT structures are shown in Figure 4.The CNT were randomly oriented and entangled with one another.The TEM images show that some of the CNT were a concentric type, and many of them were twisted together. Some areas also showed solid black spots attached to the CNT wall. These spots are considered to be amorphous carbon formed during CNT synthesis. Figure 4.TEM image of CNT synthesized using a 10 wt% metal produced CNT. The experimental results showed that the loading catalyst high CNT yield was attributed to the high pore volume of the catalyst. This confirmed that the pore volume of the cata- The BET surface area of the CNT produced at all metal load- lyst plays an important role in the growth of CNT. Mesopores ings is presented in Figure 5.Other results of surface area dominated the pore distribution of the CNT product. A high and pore characteristic analysis of the CNT are presented yield of CNT with high surface area and pore volume was in the following figures: the total pore volume (Figure 6), produced with a 10 wt% metal loading. The Fe-Co-Mo/MgO the cumulative micropore volume distribution (Figure 7), catalyst successfully facilitated the formation and growth of and the cumulative BJH pore volume distribution (Figure 8). multi-walled CNT with ordered structures and a high degree of graphitization The XRD patterns of the calcined catalyst were compared for all metal loadings to determine the existence of their Acknowledgement crystalline phase, as presented in Figure 9.The XRD anal- ysis of the as-grown CNT synthesized using 10 wt% metal The authors wish to thank The Directorate Research and loading catalyst was performed to investigate the crystal- Community Services, Universitas Indonesia, for providing the line phase after the as-prepared catalyst was subjected to financial support through The Research Cluster Grant 2015- CVD synthesis. The XRD pattern is presented in Figure 10. contract number: 1875/UN2.R12/HKP.05.00/2015. References 1. Ago, H., Uehara, N., Yoshihara, N., Tsuji, M., Yumura, M., Tomonaga, N., Setoguchi, T., 2006. Gas Analysis of the CVD Process for High Yield Growth of Carbon Nanotubes over Metal-supported Catalysts. Carbon, Volume 44(14), pp. 2912–2918 2. Dupuis, A., 2005. The Catalyst in the CCVD of Carbon Nanotubes—A Review. Progress in Materials Science, Volume 50(8), pp. 929–961 3. Huang, J., Zhang, Q., Wei, F., Qian, W., Wang, D., Hu, L., 2008. Liquefied Petroleum Gas Containing Sulfur as the Carbon Source for Carbon Nanotube Forests. Carbon, Volume 46(2), pp. 291–296 4. as Concrete Supplementary Materials. Clean-Soil, Air, Water, Volume 38(10), pp. 977–980 Guo, A., 2010. Preparation of Mullite from Desilication-fly Ash. Fuel, Volume 89(12), pp. 3630–3636 63

Yandi Andri Yatmo1 M. Mirza Y. Harahap Diandra Pandu Saginatari Nandy Putra2 Evaluation of Spatial Layout in Health Care Waiting Areas based on Simulation of Droplet Movement Trace Yandi Andri Yatmo Nandy Putra, M. Mirza Y. Harahap, Diandra Pandu Saginatari Department of Architecture Published in: Methodology International Journal of Technology The study was conducted in two puskesmas located in North Jakarta and Bogor, respectively. For the purpose SJR : 0.26 Q2 (2017) of the study, the puskesmas will be coded as Puskesmas H index : 6 A and Puskesmas B, and the study focuses on the waiting IF : - areas of both puskesmas.To obtain overall illustrations of how airborne infection could potentially occur within the Abstract spatial arrangements of Puskesmas A and Puskesmas B, the observed waiting areas of each puskesmas were divided This paper addresses the issue of airborne transmission of into 11 and 13 zones, respectively. diseases in relation to spatial layout in health care facilities. For the simulation, Autodesk CFD was used and the In particular, this study analyzes the occurrence of airborne models of the waiting areas of both Puskesmas A and B transmission in the waiting areas of puskesmas, a form of were given several assumptions of environmental condi- primary health care facilities that are distributed in many tion: Outdoor temperature is 31°C, indoor temperature is cities and villages in Indonesia. The study uses computational 30°C, air pressure is 1 atm, and internal fan velocity is 390 fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis as a design tool to examine the m2/min. To approximate the real condition of the waiting potential for airborne infection by analyzing the simulated areas, the CFD analysis for each observed waiting area was droplet movement in a waiting area layout. The findings of the conducted under three different spatial conditions with study identify the distribution of areas where the droplets are regard to their respective existing architectural elements, likely and unlikely to spread and use this to suggest seating which were apertures (doors and windows) and fan or air layouts in waiting areas to spatially reduce the potential for conditioner. airborne infection. The CFD simulations were performed in 100 iterations to simulate the movement of the droplets in each location and Introduction in each condition, resulting in the pattern of movement of the droplets. The pattern of movement showed how the Health care facilities have been directly contributing both to droplets were distributed within the space. To count and the process of healing and transmitting diseases. The perfor- map the distribution of the droplets, virtual horizontal mance of health care facilities is closely related to their design planes were positioned at two different heights that were which includes spatial layout, material, and overall environ- 150 cm and 85 cm from the floor, representing the approx- ment. This paper addresses the contribution of the spatial imate heights of the position of the mouth and/or nose of a layout of health care facilities to the transmission or control person while standing and sitting (see Fig. 1). of health care-associated airborne infections. Many diseases are airborne-transmitted.Patients with a specific condition, Figure 1. Illustration of the virtual horizontal planes at two different such as infectious pulmonary disease, could become potential heights sources of infection by producing infectious droplets through coughing, talking, or sneezing. Result and Discussion Many studies regarding health care facility-associated Architectural Elements and Droplet Movement airborne infections have suggested that airborne infection The CFD simulations of the waiting areas for both pusk- could be influenced by many factors, such as spatial arrange- esmas with three different conditions indicate how the ment of the building, ventilation system, airflow conditions, architectural elements within the waiting areas affected the air temperature and humidity, material, human body move- movement of the droplets.the two types of air conditioner ment, and the movement of architectural features such in Puskesmas A and B, which were hanging internal fan and as doors. A pathogen’s range of travel or how airflow-re- standing air conditioner, both seem to create a vertically lated factors influence the movement of a pathogen in the air does not necessarily inform us of the pattern of airborne transmission in space. Some simulation studies used compu- tational fluid dynamics (CFD)to analyze airborne transmission in several health care settings. The studies explain how the airflow occurs but not how the pathogens actually travel. As health care facility design should be based on evidence, this study aims to collect evidence by using CFD simulation to trace the distribution of pathogens and their movement patterns. Consequently, the result of the simulation study and analysis have the potential to contribute to design consider- ations. In particular, this study can be used as a reference for redesigning the seating arrangements in the waiting areas of the observed puskesmas, hence contributing to the preven- tion of health care facility-associated airborne infections. 64

circular pattern of droplet movement around them when spaces for seating. This finding could be used as a basis for they are turned on. This circular pattern shows what would a reconfiguration of the spatial layout of the waiting areas happen when one produces an infectious droplet at the that promotes the prevention of health care facility-related exact sample spot and its possible transmission occur- airborne infection. rence.Figure 2(left) shows how the hanging internal fan in Puskesmas A, the presence of which is intended to provide Conclusion a comfortable environment for those in the waiting area, undermines the very purpose of puskesmas, which is to The analysis of airborne infection using CFD analysis was provide a health care service. Not only does the vertically performed by simulating the movement of droplets in the circular pattern of the droplet movement cause the droplet air and by calculating the traces of droplets at heights rele- to move around in a particular area close to the internal vant to the human body while standing and sitting. From the fan, but these objects tend to increase the intensity of tracing of the droplet movement, it is revealed that there is the flow within the area as the vertically circular patterns a significant influence of airflow-related spatial objects, such are repeated. Both of these implications may increase the as internal fan, air conditioner, and apertures, on the droplet possibility of infection in the waiting areas.A linear move- movement pattern. Moreover, further analysis of droplet ment, as seen in Figure 2 (right) is more likely to occur with movement simulation reveals the potential for each sample a droplet that is moving toward apertures that are opened. location to become the origin point from which a droplet of This compromises a movement that transfers the droplet infectious disease might spread to other parts of the space to the outside environment of the waiting area. This linear and results in the zoning of the airborne infection contribu- droplet movement not only reduces the span of the droplet tion from each part of the space. These findings could be movement within the waiting area, but also decreases the considered as an evaluation of the spatial performance of area of the movement as well. Accordingly, it is argued that the simulated puskesmas waiting areas in relation to airborne existing apertures are a significant architectural element infection control. The overall findings of this study can form that could reduce the potential for infection within the the basis for a reconfiguration of the seating arrangements in waiting area. the puskesmas waiting areas that promotes the prevention of health care facility-related airborne infection. Figure 2. Circular and linear pattern at PuskesmasA waiting area There are, however, some limitations in this study. The In both puskesmas, the highest amount of droplet distribu- study only simulates the path of droplet movement, without tion is shown in simulation with the condition of the fans/ considering the detailed characteristics of the particle, air conditioners on and the apertures closed. Meanwhile, the such as the size of the particle, the duration that particles simulation with the fans/air conditioners are on and the aper- can remain airborne, the distance that particles can travel, tures are opened, shows less droplet distribution compared etc. These aerobiological factors should be considered in with the first simulation condition. The last simulation condi- further research, thus obtaining more detailed information tion that is with the fans/air conditioners are off and the on the occurrence of airborne infection. Further research apertures are opened, however, shows the lowest amount should also consider the possibility of a different kind of ofdistribution among the three simulation conditions. These spatial intervention besides the arrangement of seats and readings reflect the findings from the previous stage in which should include other variables related to the architectural the existence of a fan/air conditioner might increase the elements, such as the position of the internal fan and the distribution of the droplets, while the opening and closing of exhaust fan, the arrangement of window openings, etc. By the apertures might decrease the distribution of the droplets. discovering how these elements contribute to the move- These results imply the potential of the location of archi- ment of particles in the air, more information will be gained tectural elements to increase or decrease the possibility of as a basis for designing a layout for waiting areas that could airborne infection. minimize the occurrence of airborne infection. The final results of the three simulation conditions of Acknowledgement Puskesmas A as they are seen through each zones, show that the current seating area in the existing layout is overlapped This study is part of the research conducted in the Hospital with the zones whereas the simulation shows a high potential and Healthcare Design and Engineering Research Cluster for airborne transmission to occur. It is indicated as most of at the Department of Architecture, Universitas Indonesia the seating area is located in the zone with a high number of and is funded by Ministry of Research, Technology and droplet traces, which is considered to have a higher potential Higher Education of the Republic of Indonesia under a for airborne infection. Similarly, the final results of the simula- Multidisciplinary Research Grant 2015. tion of Puskesmas B also show that the current seating area in the existing layout is overlapped with the zones whereas the References simulation shows a high potential for airborne transmission to occur. Zones in the waiting room whereas the simulation 1. Addington, M., 2017. The Unbounded Boundary. In: shows a high potential for airborne transmission to occur- Thermodynamic Interactions: An Exploration into within the layout should be avoided for locating seating. Physiological, Material and Territorial Atmospheres, Meanwhile, the zones which based on the simulation were García-Germán, J. (Ed.), Actar Publishers, New York, pp. with less potential to airborne infection could be suitable 79–87 2. Mousavi, E.S., Grosskopf, K.R., 2016. Airflow Patterns due to Door Motion and Pressurization in Hospital Isolation Rooms. Science and Technology for the Built Environment, Volume 22(4), pp. 379–384 3. VanSciver, M., Miller, S., Hertzberg, J., 2011. Particle Image Velocimetry of Human Cough. Aerosol Science and Technology, Volume 45, pp. 415–422 65

Cross-Party Collaboration to Reduce Construction Waste to Design-Build Projects Yusuf Latief Afrizal Nursin, Krishna Mochtar, Hari G. Soeparto Department of Civil Engineering Published in: construction industry environment. CW is considered at an International Journal of early stage of the project, by all parties involved in the devel- Technology opment process (Poon, 2007). A simplified approach emerging in controlling CWs is to use environmentally friendly construc- SJR : 0.26 Q2 (2017) tion methods. That aim to reduce waste generation during H index : 6 construction stages, such as using panel systems, applying IF : - prefabricated components and reducing the use of natural materials (Peng et al., 1997). Support for cutting CW is one Abstract of the best and most efficient methods to minimize its growth and eliminate many of its associated problems. Therefore, in Waste in the construction industry is a severe problem construction projects with uncertain, a high degree of confi- in various countries in the world, including in Indonesia. dence and collaboration can lead to increased efficiency Several studies on construction projects over the last (Kadefors, 2004). three years have found that the Construction Waste (CW) tendency has increased significantly. The objective of this Methodology study is to identify existing CW in design-build project and how it can be reduced by increasing collaboration between Research strategies are needed to answer specific research the stakeholders involved in such projects. The survey questions. Yin (2009) states that three conditions will affect method is used to explore and find solutions to the CW the type of research strategy, namely: (1) the type of research problems, and to reduce it by increasing collaboration. Data questions; (2) the controls owned by the researcher of the were obtained from 127 respondents working on a design- actual event behavior to be studied; and (3) the focus on build construction project, then processed by using the contemporary events, as opposed to historical facts. SEM-PLS 3.0 Professional program to estimate the causal- predictive relationships between stakeholder, culture, From the above explanation for this research used survey communication, conflict, and the collaborative variables method. This survey method is conducted to identify the that affect the reduction in construction waste on design- variables in collaboration design-build project, that affect build project. A collaborative model between the parties the reduce CW. Identify these variables based on the ques- implemented by managing those involved, understanding tionnaires filled out by the respondents. The questionnaire, the culture, minimizing conflict and improving communi- which is a research instrument, is formulated based on the cation, can reduce both physical waste and non-physical variables described into indicators and sub-indicators, to be construction waste. transformed into questions. This research uses the survey method, which was conducted to identify the collaboration Keywords: Collaboration; Conflict; Construction waste; variables that affect the reduction in CW. These variables Design-build were identified based on the questionnaires completed by the respondents. The survey, which is a research instrument, Introduction was formulated with the variables divided into indicators and sub-indicators, then transformed into questions. The study Collaboration involves parties with various interests working is a case study of design-build projects, particularly infra- together to achieve the desired outcome with the ultimate structure projects and high-rise building projects in Jakarta, goal of mutual satisfaction. In the interests of the parties, Indonesia. The data analysis consists of testing, and catego- there is an interest, where the explanation of interest is what rizing or recombining the evidence to designate the initial is cared for or desired by each party. Many names or titles study proposition. The data were analyzed cross-case in order know collaboration. Some popular names include \"problem to obtain the level of relationships between variables and CW. solving\", \"consensus\", \"desire-based negotiation\", \"win/win\", In this way, the most correlated variable influence on collab- \"mutual benefit\", and \"principled negotiation\". (Fisher et al., oration in reducing CW would be obtained. To obtain valid 1991; Burgess & Burgess, 1997). The purpose of the collab- results, validation was be in the form of expert opinions, a oration is to manage cooperation in a multi-stakeholder, literature review, and statistical validation. From the results, more constructive activity, where the outcome fosters a conclusion was drawn that answers the research questions effective communication in problem-solving and enhances previously set. relationships among the parties (Coser, 1956). Collaboration is everywhere its presence in our lives is a permanent feature Result And Discussion of modern society; Work is always social in the sense that objects and subjects, end and understood, reason and need, The data in Table 1 shows the percentage of homogeneity application and ability, are form of social mediation (Harshada value of respondents' answers based on: work experience, et al., 2011). position and education level. In this paper, the collaboration is aimed at reducing Construction Waste (CW) which is a crucial issue in the 66

Table 1. Homogeneity Test so that the integration issues between the roles and func- tions of each stakeholder can be resolved early. The use To analyse relationship with SEM-PLS we using the system of Building Information Modelling (BIM) software will be is to estimate predictive causal relationships between even better because each stakeholder can recognize each stakeholder variables: X (stakeholder), B (culture), K1 problem and solve it earlier. (communication), K2 (conflict), C (collaborative) with Y1 (physical construction waste). Y2 (non-physical construc- Conclusion tion waste) to obtain the SEM-PLS model complete with all measurable indicators of each variable (model 1). After From the results of the discussion, it can be concluded several the calculation of PLS Algorithm, the outer loading value things as follows: (1) The primary foundation for creating indicator <0.40 removed and calculated PLS Algorithm, the successful stakeholder collaboration on the Designed-Build value of outer loading indicator <0.70 removed from the project consists of how to manage stakeholders, recog- variable (model 2), as shown in Figure 1 nize and understand the cultural dimensions of both ethnic and corporate culture, understand conflict management and Figure 1. Change of variable after calculation result of PLS Algorithm resolve conflicts when they occur, and maintain effective before (a) and after (b) communication and tailored to the needs of the Design-Build Evaluation of construct reliability value is measured by project; (2) The importance of stakeholders in the case of the Cronbach's Alpha and Composite Reliability with calcu- Design-Build project, judging by the conditions under which lating PLS Algorithm. The value of Cronbach's Alpha all stakeholders deeply influence the culture that enables them constructs should be ≤ 0.70. Table 2 shows the Cronbach's to facilitate collaborative design-build projects.. Then to the Alpha value for all constructs ≥ 0.70, so it can be concluded stakeholders or parties involved in the Design Plan project is that the indicator is consistent in measuring the construct very prominent on communication and conflict, communica- As for Composite Reliability measurement, the entire tion management related to the Design-Build project is very construct has a value of ≥ 0.70, so it can be concluded that helpful in facilitating the flow of communication between the indicators are consistent in measuring the constructs. AVE parties so that errors in communication can be minimized. values can also be used to indicate the magnitude of the The potential for conflict of stakeholders is very significant, indicator variants contained by the construct. AVE critical therefore in the design project need to be wary of the conflict, value ≥ 0,50, based on Table 2 so that the management of stakeholders is essential in the project Design-Build; (3) Communication and conflict affect Table 2. Test results construction reliability based on convergent the implementation of collaboration, where culture affects validity communication and conflict. Thus the potential for conflict in Collaboration is an important variable that affects the the collaboration of cultural background both ethnic culture reduction of construction waste, any increase in better and corporate culture can be avoided maximally; and (4) collaboration will positively impact the decline of physical Collaboration model influences the reduction of construction construction waste (Nagapan et al., 2012). With collabo- waste, both physical construction waste and non-physical ration, the physical work begins with a process involving construction waste. The influence is very significant indicated all parties in planning, implementation, and supervision, by the statistic value of t = 9.817 for physical construction waste and t = 9.341 for non-physical construction waste. Acknowledgement The authors would like to thank the financial support provided by University of Indonesia through the PITTA 2017 funding scheme under Grant number 861/UN2.R3.1/HKP.05.00/2017 Managed by the Directorate for Research and Public Services (DRPM) University of Indonesia. References 1. Alwi, S., Hampson, K., Mohamed, S., 2002. Non Value- Adding Activities in Australian Construction Projects. In: International Conference on Advancement in Design, Construction, Construction Management and Maintenance of Building Structure, Bali, 27– 28 March, Indonesia 2. Bakar, A. H. A., Cheen, K. S., Rahmawaty., 2011. Sustainable Housing Practices in Malaysian Housing Development: Towards Establishing Sustainability Index. International Journal of Technology, Volume 2(1), pp. 84–93 3. Baum, H., Katz, A., 2011. A Novel Methodology to Estimate the Evolution of Construction Waste in Construction Sites. Journal of Waste Management, Volume 31(2), pp. 353–358 4. Berawi, M.A., 2017. Designing National Policy and Strategies for Inclusive Development: Accelerating Infrastructure Development for Growth and Prosperity. International Journal of Technology, Volume 8(5), pp. 773–776 5. Yasamis, F., Arditi, D., Mohammadi, J., 2002. Assessing Contractor Quality Performance. Construction Management and Economics, Volume 20(3), pp. 211–223 67

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Prof. Dr. Ir. Akhmad Herman Yuwono, M.Phil.Eng. Muhammad Joshua Yuriansyah B. Rowi Alfata PROTOSS – Center for Prototyping and Manufacturing Protoss merupakan pusat rekayasa teknologi Protoss is an engineering center that provides (engineering center) yang penyedia jasa pembuatan services for low-volume manufacturing and product alat dan pengembangan produk dari mulai tahapan development services from the design stage, proto- desain, pembuatan prototipe, hingga produksi skala kecil. type manufacturing, to small-scale production. Bidang layanan yang disediakan terdiri dari 2 There are two main category of services: kategori, yaitu: Low Volume manufacturing Low Volume Manufacturing Small scale manufacturing services with industrial jasa manufaktur skala kecil dengan kualitas industri quality without a minimum order quantity (MoQ). tanpa jumlah minimal pemesanan. Layanan ini terdiri dari 3D printing, CNC machining, injec- This service consists of 3D printing, CNC tion molding, 3D scanning, metal forming, machining, injection molding, 3D scanning, plastic extrusion, dan PCB design and printing. metal forming, plastic extrusion, and PCB design and printing Designandcustomized-equipment Design and customized-equipment layanan untuk membantu pengembangan produk agar This service is aimed to help lebih cepat memasuki pasar researcher develop their prod- (komersialisasi). Layanan ini terdiri dari Internet of Things (IoT), otomasi, ucts and get them to market 3D design, virtual reality, robotik, smart faster . This service consists system, dan perancangan berbagai mesin of the Internet of Things (IoT), yang sesuai kebutuhan. automation, 3D design, virtual reality, robotics, smart systems, and Keunggulan yang ditawarkan Protoss adalah designing various machines as needed. proses yang cepat, pendampingan oleh engi- neer professional, serta harga yang dapat The advantages of using Protoss are fast disesuaikan dengan dana kostumer. manufacturing process, assistance by profes- sional engineers, and flexible pricing that can be Layanan Protoss dapat diakses melalui website (www.protoss. adjusted with customer budget. id) dengan mengisi formulir atau dengan menghubungi langsung Protoss services can be accessed through the kontak yang tersedia. website (www.protoss.id) by filling out the forms or by contacting directly the available contacts. Alamat kontak [email protected] / +62 878 63420 091 70

Alfan Presekal, S.T., M.Sc. Ahmad Dhiyaaul Auliyaa, S.T. Mactiv (Masjid Activity) Mactiv merupakan panel jadwal shalat digital pada Mactiv is a Masjid's digital prayer schedule panel. masjid. Keunggulan Mactiv dibanding produk serupa: Mactiv offers far more features compared to similar products: • Tampilannya full digital & dapat di aplikasikan ke berbagai screen/tv. • Mactiv has a full digital display & can be applied to various screens / TVs. • Dapat menampilkan konten yang jauh lebih banyak (tidak hanya waktu shalat saja) seperti • It contains much more information (not kondisi keuangan masjid, list kegiatan masjid, only prayer times) such as Masjid's financial serta konten multimedia seperti poster dan statements, Masjid's activity list, & multimedia video sehingga lebih informatif. content such as posters and videos so that it is more informative. • Tampilannya dapat diubah-ubah sesuai dengan keinginan sehingga lebih dinamis dan tidak • Mactiv has various themes that can be applied, membosankan. so it offers a more dynamic display. • Tersedia aplikasi pendukung untuk memudahkan • Mactiv is integrated with a mobile app in pengaturan panel. Android & iOS. Alamat kontak [email protected] / [email protected] 71

Dr. Ario Sunar Baskoro, S.T., M.T., M.Eng Dr. Hakam Muzakki, S.T., M.T Agus Siswanta, S.T Agus Widyianto, S.Pd., M.T Mesin Pengolah Limbah Plastik menjadi Biji Plastik untuk skala Home Industry Mesin pengolah limbah plastik merupakan satu baris mesin The plastic waste processing machine is a line machine yang digunakan untuk mengolah limbah plastik menjadi used to treat plastic waste into plastic pellets. In a line of biji plastik. Dalam satu baris mesin ini terdiri dari 3 mesin this machine consists of 3 machine, that is : yaitu : 1. Milling machine / plastic enumerator; The function of 1. Mesin giling / pencacah plastik; Mesin ini berfungsi this machine to destroy the plastic waste into a piece menghancurkan limbah plastik menjadi cacahan of plastics as well as washing it. This machine has a plastik sekaligus mencuci cacahan plastik. Mesin ini capacity of 30 kg/hour. memiliki kapasitas 30 kg/jam. 2. Plastic drying machine; The function of this machine 2. Mesin pengering plastik; Mesin ini berfungsi untuk to dry a piece of plastic that have been washed so mengeringkan cacahan plastik yang sudah dicuci that it can be further processed into plastic extrusion. sehingga bisa diproses selanjutnya ke ekstrusi plastik. The drying process uses heat from a drying machine Proses pengeringan menggunakan panas dari mesin with approximately 1 hour to dry 30 kg of chopped pengering dengan waktu kurang lebih 1 jam untuk plastic. After processing with this tool it will produce mengeringkan 30 kg cacahan plastik. Setelah diproses plastic with a 90% dryness rate. Then dried in the sun dengan alat ini akan menghasilkan plastik dengan so that it can reach 100% dryness. tingkat kekeringan 90%. Kemudian dijemur dibawah sinar matahari agar dapat mencapai kekeringan 100%. 3. Plastic extrusion machine; The function of this machine to melt the plastic and extruding it into a 3. Mesin ekstrusi biji plastik; Mesin ini berfungsi melele- grain of plastic pellets that are ready to be sold as hkan plastik dan mengeksrusinya menjadi butiran biji industrial raw materials. Plastic shredded is inserted plastik yang siap dijual sebagai bahan baku industri. into the hoper, when the electric motor is working Cacahan plastik dimasukkan ke dalam hoper, saat the screw will push the plastic shredded to the mouth motor listrik bekerja maka screw akan mendorong of the cylinder. On the walls of the cylinder has been cacahan plastik menuju ke mulut silinder. Pada given a heater, so that when chopped plastic will melt. dinding silinder telah diberi pemanas, sehingga saat Then at the end of the cylinder was given a filter and cacahan plastik melawatinya akan meleleh. Kemudian cutting tool to make plastic pellets. pada bagian ujung silinder diberi saringan dan alat pemotong agar menjadi biji plastik. Alamat kontak [email protected] / 085729445023 72

Ir. Chairul Hudaya, S.T., M.Eng., Ph.D, IPM Prof. Dr. Ir. Iwa Garniwa M. K., M.T TaLis (Tabung Listrik) TaLis adalah piranti penyimpanan energi listrik yang terdiri TaLis is a portable energy storage device consisting of atas baterai lithium-ion yang dirangkai seri dan paralel, lithium ion batteries connected in series and paralels, baterai management system (BMS), dan dibungkus oleh battery management system (BMS), and wrapped by a sebuah casing (baterai pack) untuk digunakan secara mudah casing to become a battery pack. TaLis is designed to have dan portabel. TaLis dapat menyimpan energi listrik dalam capacity ranging from 500-1000 Wh. baterai lithium-ion dengan kapasitas bervariasi antara 500-1000 Wh. Lithium ion batteries used in TaLis could be cylindrical- or prismatic-types cells connected with nickel plats into posi- Baterai lithium-ion tersebut dapat berupa sel silindris atau tive and negative electrodes using a spot welding. A BMS prismatik yang dirangkai menggunakan plat nikel yang is functioned as the monitoring and protection system for dibenamkan kedalam sisi plat positif dan negatif meng- TaLis. The voltage output of TaLis could both of DC and AC gunakan sistem las titik (spot welding). Kemudian sistem favoring the use of inverter. dilengkapi oleh sebuah BMS yang berfungsi sebagai perangkat proteksi dan monitoring dari baterai tersebut. Having collaboration with PLN, TaLis could be a solution Keluaran tegangan dari Talis dapat berupa tegangan for electrification in unelectrified areas. The advantages of keluaran DC maupun keluaran tegangan AC dengan meng- TaLis are as follows: gunakan inverter. • TaLis system does not requires an electrical transmis- Bekerjasama dengan PLN, TaLis dapat diterapkan pada sion and distribution system, as it is designed portable daerah-daerah yang belum mendapatkan akses listrik and easily to hand-carry. sehingga dapat menjadi solusi untuk elektrifikasi pada daerah tersebut. Keuntungan-keuntungan implementasi • TaLis system does not need the kWh meter TaLis diantaranya: • TaLis is designed to be plug-and-play • Penggunaan TaLis untuk elektrifikasi tidak memer- lukan sistem transmisi dan distribusi listrik. • TaLis does not need any special maintenance. The maintenance could be carried out by authorized enti- • Sistem TaLis tidak memerlukan kWh meter. ties, including PLN. • TaLis didesain untuk mudah digunakan (plug-and-play) • User does not need to wait for charging of TaLis as it is oleh seluruh lapisan masyarakat. designed to be battery swap. • TaLis tidak memerlukan perawatan khusus. Proses • TaLis charging could be performed in conventional perawatan dan pemeliharaan TaLis dilakukan oleh power source or using renewable energy sources. In penyedia TaLis, misalnya PLN, sehingga konsumen case it is employed in unelectrified areas, TaLis could tinggal menggunakan TaLis secara langsung. be charged using solar-power system. • Isi ulang TaLis cepat dengan sistem penukaran. Konsumen tidak perlu menunggu proses pengisian (charging) TaLis yang membutuhkan 3-4 jam pengisian. • Sumber pengisian listrik bisa berasal dari berbagai jenis pembangkit, baik sumber energi konvesional maupun sumber energi terbarukan Alamat kontak [email protected] 73

Ir. Dewi Tristantini, M.T., Ph.D. Jamu Bancar Resik Pencegah Aterosklerosis Jamu Bancar Resik adalah jamu herbal yang berkha- Jamu Bancar Resik is a herbal medicine that siat untuk membantu mengurangi dan mencegah is efficacious to help reduce and prevent the pembentukan plak di pembuluh darah yang dapat formation of plaque in blood vessels that can cause menyebabkan penyakit aterosklerosis, yakni atherosclerosis, which is narrowing and hardening penyempitan dan pengerasan pembuluh darah akibat of the arteries due to accumulation of blood fats, penimbunan lemak darah, trombosit, sel makrofag, platelets, macrophage cells, leukocytes, calcium, and leukosit, kalsium, maupun produk sisa metabolisme. metabolic waste products. Made from a mixture Terbuat dari campuran daun belimbing manis, temu- of sweet starfruit leaves, temulawak, and cape lawak, dan daun tanjung yang merupakan tanaman leaves which are local plants from Indonesia that lokal dari Indonesia yang membuat jamu Bancar make Bancar Resik herbal medicine at an affordable Resik memiliki harga yang terjangkau. Jamu Bancar price. Bancar Resik Herbal Medicine is provided in Resik disediakan dalam bentuk simplisia kering untuk the form of dried Simplicia for tea bags and powder teh celup dan bubuk untuk menjadi larutan jamu. to be a herbal solution. Aside from functioning as Selain berfungsi sebagai antiatherosklerosis, Jamu an antiatherosclerosis, Jamu Bancar Resik can also Bancar Resik juga dapat berfungsi sebagai pemberi function as a giver of antihyperglycemic effects, efek antihiperglikemik, efek hepatoprotektif, serta hepatoprotective effects, and has a high antioxidant memiliki kandungan antioksidan tinggi. Keseluruhan content. All functions have been pre-clinically tested fungsi telah diuji secara pra-klinis dan terbukti aman and proven to be safe for long-term consumption. untuk konsumsi jangka panjang. Alamat kontak [email protected] ; [email protected] 74

Eny Kusirini, Ph.D EnKuns Perfume & SuperSorb EnKuns Perfume EnKuns Perfume • EnKuns tersusun dari tiga lapisan bahan alam yang • EnKuns is composed of three layers of natural ingredi- aromanya menyatu dan membuat parfum tidak terlalu ents whose aroma is merged and makes the perfume menyengat tapi aromanya lebih elegan, menyegarkan not overpowering but the aroma is more elegant and dan fresh. • EnKuns tahan lama dengan aroma perfume hingga 8 • EnKuns has Long-lasting ingredients with a perfume - 10 jam. aroma up to 8-10 hours. • EnKuns mempunyai 2 produk varian untuk wanita, • EnKuns has 2 variant products for women, namely Ek's yaitu Ek’s joune and Quem me dera. Joune and Quem me Dera. • EnKuns untuk varian pria, yaitu Avee toi dan Erindringer. • EnKuns for male variants is Avee toi and Erindringer. • EnKuns adalah perfum halal • EnKuns produced halal perfume. • EnKuns mempunyai kemasan menarik dengan pita • EnKuns has an attractive package with a ribbon as a sebagai pegangan agar mudah dibawa. handle for easy carrying. • EnKuns parfum untuk semua golongan dan selera anak • EnKuns perfume for all users and tastes of young muda. people. SuperSorb SuperSorb • Produk ini merupakan produk berbasis alumina silika • SuperSorb is a product based on natural aluminum sili- alam yang dimodifikasi strukturnya sedemikian hingga cate which are accordingly modified in such a way that memiliki pori dengan keseragaman tinggi it has uniform pores. • SuperSorb mampu menyerap ion-ion logam berba- • SuperSorb able to absorb harmful metal ions from haya dalam air, sama baiknya dengan menyerap ion-ion water as well as to absorb all ions responsible for yang menyebabkan kesadahan. Dengan demikian water hardness. Therefore, SuperSorbs can be used as SuperSorbs dapat digunakan sebagai adsorben ion an adsorbent for metal ions and water softening agent. logam maupun agen pelunak air. • SuperSorb can also be used as a slow release of various • SuperSorb juga dapat digunakan sebagai pelepas molecules and as the air freshener perfume matrices lambat berbagai molekul dan sebagai matriks pembawa which is serve as a \"dispenser\" to release the desired untuk pengharum parfum ruangan yang berfungsi molecules slowly. sebagai “dispenser” untuk melepas lambat molekul organik yang diinginkan. • SuperSorb is non-toxic. It is safe to use as a water absorber to reduce moisture both indoors and food • SuperSorb tidak bersifat toksik sehingga aman digu- products. nakan sebagai penyerap air untuk mengurangi kelembaban baik di dalam ruangan maupun produk- • SuperSorb is applicable even at relatively high tempera- produk makanan. tures without losing its efficiency until the silica gel no longer be able to act as absorber of water vapor. • SuperSorb mampu bekerja pada temperatur relatif tinggi, dimana silika gel tidak mampu lagi berperan sebagai penyerap uap air 75

Dr. Eng. Muhammad Arif Budiyanto Inovasi Pencitraan Dasar Danau Menggunakan Kapal Kendali Otomatis (Autonomous) Makara 09 adalah kapal autonomous dengan sensor single- Makara 09 is an autonomous vessel with an Echosounder beam echosounder sehingga dapat mendeteksi kedalaman Single-beam sensor that can detect the depth of the lake dasar danau maupun sungai. Makara 09 berbeda dengan and river. Makara 09 differs from the USV ship products in produk kapal USV yang beredar di pasaran, karena makara the market, because Makara 09 can fully move automati- 09 dapat sepenuhnya bergerak secara otomatis, memiliki cally, has a high stability because it adapts the concept of a stabilitas yang tinggi karena mengadaptasi konsep kata- catamaran, maneuverable very well even with a very small maran, bermanuver dengan sangat baik bahkan dengan radius because it has azimuth propeller, and is designed radius yang sangat kecil karena memiliki azimuth propeller, to be detachable into several parts so it has high mobility. dan didesain khusus untuk dapat di lepas pasang sehingga While the Underwater Remotely operated Vehicle named memiliki mobilitas yang tinggi. Sedangkan Underwater Makara X is a submarine robot equipped with a camera and Remotely operated Vehicle yang diberi nama Makara X a gripper that can perform live stream and take/put some- adalah sebuah robot kapal selam yang dilengkapi kamera thing from or to the bottom of the lake or river. dan gripper sehingga dapat melakukan pencitraan gambar secara real time dan mengambil/menaruh sesuatu dari atau Makara 09 and Makara X are specially created to perform ke dasar danau atau sungai. the basic imaging tasks of lakes and rivers, making both products much needed especially for maritime countries Makara 09 dan Makara X yang dibuat khusus untuk such as Indonesia. These products can be used by both melakukan tugas pencitraan dasar danau dan sungai, government and private sectors in hydrography or ocean- membuat kedua produk tersebut sangat dibutuhkan teru- ography field, Basarnas for the search for shipwrecks/ tama untuk negara maritim seperti Indonesia. Produk aircraft that are immersed in a lake or river, can be used tersebut dapat digunakan oleh pihak pemerintah maupun also for the military to detect and destroy water mines, swasta yang bergerak dalam bidang hidrografi ataupun can be used by companies in oil and gas field as well as oseanografi, Basarnas untuk pencarian bangkai kapal/ electrical transmission companies that plant pipes and pesawat yang tenggelam didasar danau atau sungai, dapat underwater cables, and also can be used by local govern- digunakan juga untuk pihak militer guna mendeteksi dan ments to measure Sedimentation rate before performing menghancurkan ranjau air, dapat digunakan oleh peru- river dredging. The expected final output of both products sahaan- perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang minyak dan is the depth contour data of lakes and rivers as well as the gas serta perusahaan transmisi listrik yang menanam pipa live stream image of lakes and streams. dan kabel bawah air, dan juga dapat digunakan pemer- intah daerah untuk mengukur laju sedimentasi sebelum melakukan pengerukan sungai. Keluaran akhir yang dihara- pkan dari kedua produk tersebut adalah data kontur kedalaman dasar danau dan sungai serta gambar dasar danau dan sungai secara realtime. Alamat kontak [email protected] 76

Prof. Dr. -Ing Nandy Setiadi Djaya Putra Ida Ayu Nyoman Titin Trisnadewi, S.T. Desy Kurniawati, S.T. Rizal Al Faqih, S.T. Romy Rizky, S.T. Pengembangan Prototipe Alat Uji Siklus Termal Phase Change Materials (PCM) Untuk Aplikasi Penyimpan Panas Ketimpangan pasokan energi dengan energi yang digunakan Inequality of energy supply with energy used is a problem adalah masalah yang dihadapi dunia saat ini. Penggunaan facing the world today. Utilization of Phase Change penyimpanan energi termal menggunakan Phase Change Material (PCM) is a solution to the problem of energy as Material (PCM) adalah solusi untuk masalah ketimpangan thermal energy storage. Before being applied, PCM is char- energi yang terjadi. Sebelum diaplikasikan, PCM dikarak- acterized to determine the properties of the material to be terisasi untuk mengetahui sifat bahan yang dimiliki agar in accordance with the objectives to be achieved. PCM as sesuai dengan tujuan yang ingin dicapai. Faktor-faktor latent heat utilizes the phase change process from solid to yang perlu diperhatikan seperti sifat thermo-fisika, sifat liquid and vice versa for the heat storage process, so that kinetik, sifat kimia, ekonomi dan lingkungan. PCM sebagai the thermal stability of PCM is the main aspects that need laten heat memanfaatkan proses perubahan fasa dari padat attention. After the PCM thermal stability testing process, ke cair dan sebaliknya untuk proses penyimpanan panas, thermal and chemical properties were tested before and sehingga kestabilan termal PCM seperti nilai konduktivitas after the cycle test treatment to determine PCM stability. dan temperatur operasionalnya menjadi aspek utama yang Basically, the thermal cycle test equipment utilizes heating perlu diperhatikan. Setelah proses pengujian kestabilan and cooling elements to release and absorb heat so that the termal PCM dilakukan pengujian sifat termal dan sifat kimia heating and cooling cycle can be carried out continuously. sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan uji siklus untuk mengetahui However, until now there has not been found a standard stabilitas PCM. Pada dasarnya, alat uji siklus termal meman- thermal cycle test equipment for PCM. faatkan elemen pemanas dan pendingin untuk melepas dan menyerap kalor sehingga dapat dilakukan siklus pemanasan In this study an innovative thermal cycle test was carried dan pendinginan secara terus–menerus. Namun, hingga out using a thermoelectric module. The thermoelectric saat ini belum ditemukan standar alat uji siklus termal untuk ability as a heating and cooling element is used and its PCM. polarity changes based on the PCM temperature. Another advantage of this tool is used of a little sample because the Pada penelitian ini dilakukan inovasi alat uji siklus termal cartridge volume is made smaller. In addition, using (Internet PCM menggunakan modul termoelektrik. Kemampuan of Thing) IoT method aims to make it easier to access test termoelektrik sebagai elemen pemanas dan pendingin digu- results data and simplify the process of controlling test nakan dan perubahan polaritasnya berdasarkan temperatur equipment via the internet. The development of this tool is sampel PCM. Kelebihan lain dari alat ini adalah penggu- expected to help in the characterization of a PCM material naan sampel yang sedikit karena volume cartridge dibuat that will be used as a heat storage. The ability of a material lebih kecil. Selain itu, dalam kontrol hasil uji dan pengujian can be obtained if applied directly using the heating and nantinya dapat dikontrol jarak jauh dengan menerapkan IoT cooling cycles. With the best PCM for heat storage, it can (Internet of Things) pada sistem kontrol. IoT ini bertujuan be applied to overcome the problem of increasing energy untuk mempermudah akses data hasil uji dan mempermudah consumption. proses control alat uji melalui internet. Pengembangan alat ini diharapkan dapat membantu dalam karakterisasi suatu material PCM yang akan digunakan sebagai penyimpan panas. Dapat diperoleh kemampuan suatu material jika diaplikasikan langsung dengan menggunakan siklus pema- nasan dan pendinginan. Dengan diperolehnya PCM yang terbaik untuk penyimpan panas maka dapat diaplikasikan untuk mengatasi permasalahan konsumsi energi yang terus meningkat. Ketua Peneliti : [email protected] Anggota Peneliti :[email protected], desy. [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] 77

Prof. Yandi Andri Yatmo, S.T., Dip.Arch., M.Arch., Ph.D Prof. Paramita Atmodiwirjo, S.T., M.Arch., MA., Ph.D Mikhael Johanes, S.Ars., M.Ars Diandra Pandu Saginatari, S.Ars., M.A Rini Suryantini, S.T., M.Sc Mochammad Mirza Yusuf Harahap, S.Ars., M.Des A.A Ayu Suci Warakanyaka, S.Ars., MFA Arif Rahman Wahid, S.Ars., MA Alat Peraga Sistem Bangunan Modular Sebagai Alat Bantu Perancangan Sekolah Cepat Tanggap Bencana Invensi ini merupakan satu set miniatur bangunan untuk This invention is a set of building miniature that demon- memperlihatkan sistem bangunan modular untuk sekolah strates a modular building system for a fast response cepat tanggap bencana. Invensi ini bertujuan untuk school for post-disaster recovery. This invention aims at membantu proses penyusunan rencana tapak untuk assisting the process of site planning to build fast response pembangunan sekolah pasca bencana. Set miniatur ini post-disaster school. This set of miniature consists of the terdiri dari miniatur unit ruang modular, miniatur unit miniature of modular classroom units, corridor units, toilet selasar, miniatur unit jamban, miniatur unit ruang transisi units, transitional space units, and tribune units. These dan miniatur unit tribun. Miniatur unit-unit tersebut dapat miniature units can be arranged in various arrangement disusun dalam beragam susunan untuk merespon kebu- to respond to the spatial needs and the site of the school. tuhan ruang dan bentuk tapak sekolah. Nilai tambah dari The added value of this invention is the ability of this set invensi ini adalah kemampuan dari set miniatur ini untuk of miniature to demonstrate in three-dimensional visual- memperlihatkan secara tiga dimensi variasi susunan dari ization the various arrangements of the modular building sistem bangunan modular untuk sekolah cepat tanggap system for fast response school for post-disaster recovery. bencana. Kemampuan set miniatur dalam memperlihatkan The ability of this miniature set in demonstrating various variasi susunan dari bangunan modular secara langsung arrangements of modular buildings directly can support the kemudian mempermudah komunikasi dan partisipasi dalam communication and participation in the site planning of the perencanaan tapak bangunan sekolah sehingga proses school so that the design process can be conducted in a perancangan dapat berlangsung secara cepat. short period of time. 78

Prof. Yandi Andri Yatmo, S.T., Dip.Arch., M.Arch., Ph.D Prof. Paramita Atmodiwirjo, S.T., M.Arch., MA., Ph.D Mikhael Johanes, S.Ars., M.Ars Diandra Pandu Saginatari, S.Ars., M.A Rini Suryantini, S.T., M.Sc Mochammad Mirza Yusuf Harahap, S.Ars., M.Des A.A Ayu Suci Warakanyaka, S.Ars., MFA Arif Rahman Wahid, S.Ars., MA Sistem Bangunan Modular Untuk Sekolah Tanggap Bencana Invensi ini merupakan suatu sistem bangunan modular This invention is a modular building system that consists yang terdiri dari unit-unit dan komponen-komponen yang of units and components that can be flexibly arranged dapat disusun secara fleksibel sesuai dengan kebutuhan based on the needs and available site condition; there- dan kondisi tapak yang tersedia, sehingga dapat digunakan fore, it can be used to quickly rebuild school buildings untuk pembangunan kembali bangunan sekolah yang rusak affected by the disaster. This system consists of modular akibat bencana secara cepat. Sistem ini terdiri dari unit- building units such as classroom units, corridor units, toilet unit bangunan modular yang terdiri dari unit ruang kelas, units, transitional space units, and tribune units. These unit selasar, unit jamban, unit ruang transisi, dan tribun. modular building units include a variant of building compo- Unit-unit bangunan modular tersebut terdiri dari pilihan nents that can be arranged to produce suitable spaces for komponen-komponen bangunan yang dapat disusun untuk activities. These modular building units can be arranged menghasilkan ruang yang sesuai dengan kegiatan yang to adapt to the existing site condition of the intended diwadahinya. Unit-unit bangunan modular tersebut dapat school. The added value of this invention is this system can disusun untuk menyesuaikan dengan kondisi tapak tempat produce various school building arrangements than can be bangunan sekolah didirikan. Nilai tambah dari invensi constructed quickly; therefore, the learning activities could ini adalah bahwa sistem ini dapat menghasilkan susunan resume as soon as possible after the disaster. Furthermore, bangunan sekolah yang dapat dikonstruksi secara cepat the school building constructed by applying this system can sehingga kegiatan pembelajaran dapat segera kembali have various spatial arrangements that can accommodate berlangsung setelah bencana. Selain itu bangunan sekolah various needs of learning activities and can be adaptable to yang dihasilkan dari penerapan sistem ini juga dapat various existing site conditions where the schools are built. memiliki variasi susunan ruang yang dapat digunakan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan kegiatan pembelajaran yang beragam, serta dapat disesuaikan dengan berbagai kondisi tapak tempat bangunan sekolah didirikan. 79

Prof. Dr. Ir. Raldi Artono Koestoer, DEA Ibnu Roihan, S.T., M.T. 8 Channels Data Logger Termokopel Tipe K Berbasis Arduino Data logger sering digunakan dalam lingkup Data logger is often used in engineering, the function engineering, fungsinya adalah untuk mencatat dan is recording and saving measurement data. This menyimpan data hasil pengukuran. Data logger Arduino Data Logger can accommodate 8 Type K Termokopel Tipe K berbasis Arduino ini dapat Thermocouples with SD Card for keeping the real menampung data hasil pengukuran dari 8 buah time measurement data. Working principle data Termokopel Tipe K serta dilengkapi SD Card untuk logger is Thermocouple will generate the potential sebagai memori penyimpanan secara real time. Cara difference based on temperature difference, there kerja data logger ini adalah saat Termokopel mende- are passing in to MAX6675 by relay. MAX6675 teksi panas, akan menghasilkan beda potensial untuk will amplify the potential difference for further be kemudian diteruskan ke MAX6675 melalui relay. process in Arduino to be temperature value, there MAX6675 memperbesar beda potensial yang masuk are SD Card saving the temperature value. The data sehingga dapat diolah oleh Arduino untuk kemudian logger was calibrated to DS18B20 sensor and special menjadi sebuah nilai temperature yang kemudian for Type K Thermocouples. Powerbank and 12V disimpan didalam SD Card. Sebelumnya, data logger adaptor can use to be the power for the data logger. ini sudah dikalibrasi terhadap sensor DS18B20 dan khusus digunakan untuk Termokopel Tipe K. Powerbank dan adaptor 12V dapat digunakan sebagai sumber power data logger ini. Alamat kontak [email protected] [email protected] 80

Prof. Dr. Ir. Raldi Artono Koestoer, DEA William Jerrel Iskandar, S.T. Blue-EKG : Electrocardiogram berbasis Arduino dengan Fitur Bluetooth Produk ini adalah sebuah EKG (Elektrokardiogram), alat This product is an ECG (Electrocardiogram), a device used yang digunakan untuk mengamati sekaligus mencatat to monitor and record the heart activity of patient into aktifitas jantung ke dalam grafik listrik. EKG sering sekali graphs. ECG is commonly used to monitor heart condition dipakai untuk mengamati keadaan pasien UGD (Unit Gawat of critical patients inside emergency room, doing annual Darurat), melakukan pengetesan berkala kepada pegawai checkup on government empoyees and to check heart pemerintah, dan pengecekan keadaan bayi yang baru condition of just born babies in hospital. Bluetooth ECG has lahir di rumah sakit. Bluetooth EKG memiliki fungsi utama the same main function with common ECG’s yet also some yang sama dengan EKG umumnya dan memiliki juga kema- advantages which common ECG’s on the market doesn’t juan - kemajuan yang tidak dimiliki oleh EKG di pasaran. have. First of all, Bluetooth ECG has a very small size and Pertama Bluetooth EKG memiliki ukuran yang sangat light in weight, just like a common smartphone. Second, it kecil dan ringan, mirip dengan smartphone secara umum. has an ability to connect itself with other telecommunica- Kedua Bluetooth EKG sesuai dengan namanya memiliki tion devices such as laptop and smartphone via bluetooth kemampuan untuk mengkoneksikan dirinya dengan produk signal. Using a smartphone application doctors can look at telekomunikasi lainnya seperti smartphone dan laptop patient’s ECG graph and Heartrate’s BPM in the comfort of melalui bluetooth. Menggunakan aplikasi smartphone bisa their handheld smartphone device. ditampilkan grafik EKG serta nilai BPM agar dokter bisa melihat kondisi jantung pasien langsung dari smartphone This device is gonna be used by trained medical profes- yang ia miliki. sional such as doctors and nurses that need to do checkup on patients. The second target for this product is for Alat ini akan digunakan oleh pelayan kesehatan professional normal civilians that has or in the possibility of having coro- seperti dokter dan suster rumah sakit yang membutuhkan nary diseases like ischemia and such. The patient as a user EKG untuk pengecekan kondisi pasien. Target kedua produk will neeed to record his/her own heart activity and send its ini adalah warga sipil masyarakat biasa yang terancam atau recording to a trained doctor via whatsapp or other means mengidap penyakit koroner, membuat pasien sebagai user of sending data without ever having to go to hospital, bisa langsung mengirimkan data rekaman jantung mereka making prevention and handling of coronary disease never kepada dokter via whatsapp atau aplikasi lain tanpa been easier and more comfortable than before. harus ke rumah sakit, membuat prevensi dan penanganan penyakit jantung ber-jalan jauh lebih cepat dan mudah. Alamat kontak [email protected] / [email protected] 81

Prof. Dr. Ir. Raldi Artono Koestoer, DEA Ibnu Roihan, S.T., M.T. Lampu Fototerapi Portable dengan Sistem Pemantulan Terfokus dan Daya Rendah Fototerapi berfungsi sebagai alat bantu menurunkan kadar Phototherapy is a tool to reduce bilirubin levels in babies bilirubin pada bayi yang mempunyai gejala kuning (bayi who have yellow symptoms (yellow babies) or jaundice. kuning) atau jaundice. Jaundice disebabkan karena belum Jaundice in newborns most commonly occurs because optimalnya kinerja organ hati. Fototerapi ini dirancang their livers are not mature enough to remove bilirubin from khusus untuk dapat dibawa-bawa sehingga bisa digunakan the blood. This phototherapy is specifically designed to be di rumah orangtua bayi. Fototerapi portable ini adalah salah carried around so that it can be used at parents' home. This satu produk pengabdian masyarakat dari Tim Inkubator UI. portable phototherapy is a product of community service from UI’s Incubator Team. Produk ini dirancang menggunakan bahan acrylic putih susu pada bagian reflector yang ditekuk dengan besaran This product is designed using a milky-white acrylic material sudut sesuai kebutuhan. Dengan rancangan tersebut, on the bent reflector with the magnitude angle which can cahaya dapat terpantul secara sempurna ke area bayi yang be set as needed. With this design, light can be reflected berada di bawahnya. Agar cahaya tembus secara sempurna perfectly into the baby’s area below. To make the light digunakan acrylic bening pada bagian cover yang sekaligus reflects perfectly, clear acrylic is used on the cover which berfungsi sebagai pelindung lampu. also acts as a protector. Dimensi produk sekitar 720x160x80 mm. Masing-masing Product dimensions are around 720x160x80 mm. Each bahan yang digunakan mempunyai ketebalan 3 mm material used has a thickness of 3 mm so that the weight sehingga bobot dari produk tersebut hanya sekitar 1.3 kg. of the product is only about 1.3 kg. Lights used specifi- Lampu yang digunakan khusus untuk bayi kuning yaitu cally for yellow babies are phototherapy or blue light with a lampu fototerapi atau blue light dengan panjang gelombang wavelength of 450 nm. The radiation value generated from 450 nm. Nilai radiasi yang dihasilkan dari rancangan produk this product is in accordance with the tolerance limits of ini sesuai batas toleransi Intensitas Radiasi berdasarkan Radiation Intensity based on ECRI 469-595 which is 4μW ECRI 469-595 yaitu 4μW/cm2/nm. / cm2 / nm. Dengan rancangan yang sederhana dan minimalis serta With a simple, minimalist, and attention to the aesthetics memperhatikan estetika suatu produk, memudahkan dalam of the product, it is easy to perform maintenance and take melakukan perawatan dan pemeliharaan, tanpa mengu- care of the product, without limiting the essential function rangi esensi dari fungsi utama alat tersebut. of the product. Alamat kontak [email protected] [email protected] 82

Prof. Dr. Ir. Raldi Artono Koestoer, DEA Ibnu Roihan, S.T., M.T. Portable Infant Warmer Infant warmer adalah alat penghangat bayi baru lahir dalam Infant warmers are newborn warmers in the first 6 hours. 6 jam pertamanya. Dibutuhkan masa adaptasi (suhu tubuh) Adaptation period (body temperature) is needed after setelah dari kelahiran. Perbedaan suhu rahim (37 degC) birth. The difference in temperature of the uterus (37 degC) denga suhu lingkungan (26-28 degC) membuat bayi rentan with the ambient temperature (26-28 degC) makes the mengalami hipotermia. Infant warmer dapat membantu baby vulnerable to hypothermia. Infant warmers can help bayi dalam masa adaptasi terhadap lingkungan karena suhu babies in their adaptation to the environment because the yang diberikan sesuai dengan kebutuhan. temperature provided in accordance with needs. Rancangan dibuat ringkas dan portable dengan maksud The design is made concise and portable with a view to untuk mengurangi dimensi, berat, dan mudah dalam pengi- reducing dimensions, weight, and ease of shipping and use. riman serta penggunaan. Dengan hanya menggunakan By only using 40 watts of heating power and the reflection daya 40 watt penghangat dan sistem pemantulan terfokus system is focused towards the baby, making it efficient in ke arah bayi, membuat efisien dari segi konsumsi listrik dan terms of electricity consumption and maintenance. pemeliharaan. Alamat kontak [email protected] [email protected] 83

Rosnani Arbi Riantono, S.T. Prof. Dra. Setyowati, S.Kp,M.AppSc, Ph,D, RN Prof. Dr. Ir. Raldi Artono Koestoer, DEA InfraRed Photomodulator InfraRed Photomodulator ini memiliki Panjang gelombang InfraRed Photomodulator has a 780 - 1400 nm wavelength 780 nm – 1400 nm dengan konsumsi energi maksimal with maximum energy around 100 Watts, in which the role sebesar 100 Watt, berfungsi untuk membantu penyam- is to aid the healing process on woman's stomach from pain buhan rasa nyeri perut dari seorang wanita setelah after giving birth; also ease off the muscle ache. InfraRed melahirkan serta meredakan nyeri otot. Cara kerja alat ini Photomodulator has a mechanism to give the effect on adalah sinar yang dipancarkan InfraRed Photomodulator organs which have become source of pain through the akan masuk ke tubuh manusia dan akan memberikan efek emmited light that emerges on human's body. There are terhadap organ tubuh yang menjadi sumber rasa nyeri. also timer and dimmer to set the power's (Watt) amount and Terdapat timer dan dimmer yang berfungsi untuk mengatur radiation's duration towards patient. It is recommended to besaran watt dan lamanya waktu penyinaran terhadap keep the lamp at distance from patient at least 40 cm with pasien. Jarak antara lampu dan tubuh manusia yang dian- maximum duration 15 minutes. InfraRed Photomodulator jurkan adalah minimal 40 cm dengan waktu maksimal 15 can be placed everywhere else due to its portable feature, menit. Alat ini dapat digunakan dimana saja karena sangat simple use and affordable cost as well. portable, mudah digunakan dan terjangkau. Alamat kontak [email protected] [email protected] 84

Prof. Dr. Ir. Raldi Artono Koestoer, DEA Ibnu Roihan, S.T., M.T. Inkubator Grashof Bayi Kembar (Twin Baby Incubator) Pada dasarnya, Inkubator Grashof Bayi Kembar (Twin Baby Basically, the Twin Baby Incubator is a continued develop- Incubator) adalah pengembangan lanjutan dari Inkubator ment of the Portable Single Baby Grashof Incubator. Grashof Portable Single Baby. Twin incubators are intended to accommodate twins in Inkubator bayi kembar dimaksudkan untuk menampung one incubator cabin so that they are efficient in their use. bayi kembar dalam satu kabin inkubator sehingga efisien The importance of making twin incubators is based on the dalam penggunaannya. Kepentingan pembuatan inkubator existence of an inner bond between the two babies that bayi kembar didasari oleh adanya ikatan batin antara kedua mutually reinforces so that a healthy baby can have a posi- bayi yang saling menguatkan sehingga bayi yang sehat bisa tive effect on its twin siblings. Incubator lending at home, berpengaruh positif bagi saudara kembarnya. Peminjaman is intended so that the baby can be cared for by his parents inkubator di rumah, dimaksudkan agar bayi bisa dirawat for 24 hours a day (breast milk intake and development). oleh orangtuanya selama 24 jam sehari (asupan ASI dan Merging mother and baby can relieve stress or anxiety on perkembangannya). Bersatunya ibu dan bayi bisa menghi- both sides. langkan rasa stres atau cemas pada kedua belah pihak. Just like a single baby incubator designed specifically for Sama seperti inkubator single baby yang dirancang khusus the underprivileged. Special use at home and incubators untuk golongan pra-sejahtera. Penggunaannya spesial di are lent free to people who have premature twins. rumah dan inkubator dipinjamkan gratis untuk masyarakat yang mempunyai bayi kembar premature. Using the principle of heat transfer of radiation, natural convection and natural circulation, from 4 light bulbs 25 Menggunakan prinsip perpindahan kalor radiasi, konveksi Watt. This twin baby incubator is one of the community alami dan sirkulasi alami, dari 4 lampu bohlam 25 Watt. service products from the UI Incubator Team that was Inkubator bayi kembar ini adalah salah satu produk pengab- developed since 2017. dian masyarakat dari Tim Inkubator UI yang dikembangkan sejak tahun 2017. Alamat kontak [email protected] [email protected] 85

Prof. Dr. Ir. Raldi Artono Koestoer, DEA Ibnu Roihan, S.T., M.T. Inkubator Grashof Portabel (Completly Built-Up / CBU-Type) Pada dasarnya bayi premature adalah bayi yang belum Basically, premature babies are babies who are not old cukup umur di dalam kandungan (<37 minggu) sudah lahir. enough in the womb (<37 weeks) are born. These premature Bayi premature tersebut belum mempunyai energi yang babies do not have enough energy to maintain their body cukup untuk mempertahankan suhu tubuhnya dikarenakan temperature due to incomplete other organs and immune belum sempurnanya organ lainnya serta daya tahan tubuh system that is still vulnerable. Gradually the premature yang masih rentan. Secara bertahap bayi premature harus baby must stay warm until it reaches normal weight. berada dalam keadaan tetap hangat hingga mencapai berat normal. Energy saving portable incubator (Grashof Incubator) specifically designed for the underprivileged. Special use Inkubator portable hemat energi (Inkubator Grashof) at home and incubators are lent free to people who have yang dirancang khusus untuk golongan pra-sejahtera. premature babies. Penggunaannya spesial di rumah dan inkubator dipinjamkan gratis untuk masyarakat yang mempunyai bayi premature. Using the principle of heat transfer of radiation, natural convection and natural circulation, from 2 light bulbs 25 Menggunakan prinsip perpindahan kalor radiasi, konveksi Watt. The incoming electrical energy heats up the light alami dan sirkulasi alami, dari 2 lampu bohlam 25 Watt. bulb. The bulb heats the air around the heating chamber Energi listrik masuk memanaskan lampu bohlam. Bohlam through natural radiation and convection. The air warms, memanaskan udara sekitar ruang pemanas melalui radiasi the temperature rises, and its density decreases. As a result dan konveksi alami. Udara menjadi hangat, suhu naik, dan the air becomes lighter and rises to the top. The place is densitasnya menurun. Akibatnya udara menjadi ringan dan filled by a stream of fresh air that enters through the naik ke atas. Tempatnya diisi oleh aliran udara segar yang outside air outlet and then is reheated by the bulb. masuk melalui lubang udara luar dan kemudian dipanaskan lagi oleh bohlam. This incubator is one of the community service products of the UI Incubator Team since 2012 until now. 220 units Inkubator ini adalah salah satu produk pengabdian have been produced and helped more than 3000 babies masyarakat dari Tim Inkubator UI sejak tahun 2012 in several locations in Indonesia through community hingga sekarang. Telah diproduksi sebanyak 220 unit empowerment. dan membantu lebih dari 3000 bayi di beberapa lokasi di Indonesia melalui pemberdayaan masyarakat. Alamat kontak [email protected] [email protected] 86

Prof. Dr. Ir. Raldi Artono Koestoer, DEA Ibnu Roihan, S.T., M.T. Inkubator Grashof Portabel (Completely Knock Down / CKD-Type) Pada dasarnya, Inkubator Grashof Portabel Completly Basically, the Completly Knock Down / CKD-Type Portable Knock Down / CKD-Type adalah pengembangan lanjutan Grashof Incubator is a continued development of the dari Inkubator Grashof Portable (Completly Built Up / Completly Built Up (CBU-Type) Portable Incubator. CBU-Type). Indonesia is an archipelago that has more than 17,000 Indonesia adalah negara kepulauan yang mempunyai lebih islands. To spread the CBU type grashof incubator to dari 17.000 pulau. Untuk menyebarkan inkubator grashof several regions in Indonesia, it is constrained by expensive tipe CBU ke beberapa wilayah di Indonesia terkendala shipping costs due to volumetric and risk of rupture due to biaya kirim yang mahal karena volumetrik dan resiko pecah its fragile material properties. Grashof Incubator Type CKD karena sifat materialnya pecah belah. Inkubator Grashof can be removed easily so that it reduces dimensions when Tipe CKD dapat dilepas-pasang dengan mudah sehingga shipping. The advantage of this design is that it reduces memperkecil dimensi saat pengiriman. Keuntungan dari shipping costs because volumetric shipping is reduced and rancangan ini adalah mengurangi biaya kirim karena volu- packaging is denser so damage can be minimized. metrik saat pengiriman berkurang dan pengemasan lebih padat sehingga kerusakan dapat diminimalisir. Energy saving portable incubator (Grashof Incubator) specifically designed for the underprivileged. Special use Inkubator portable hemat energi (Inkubator Grashof) at home and incubators are lent free to people who have yang dirancang khusus untuk golongan pra-sejahtera. premature babies. Penggunaannya spesial di rumah dan inkubator dipinjamkan gratis untuk masyarakat yang mempunyai bayi premature. Using the principle of heat transfer of radiation, natural convection and natural circulation, from 2 light bulbs 25 Menggunakan prinsip perpindahan kalor radiasi, konveksi Watt. The incoming electrical energy heats up the light alami dan sirkulasi alami, dari 2 lampu bohlam 25 Watt. bulb. The bulb heats the air around the heating chamber Energi listrik masuk memanaskan lampu bohlam. Bohlam through natural radiation and convection. The air warms, memanaskan udara sekitar ruang pemanas melalui radiasi the temperature rises, and its density decreases. As a result dan konveksi alami. Udara menjadi hangat, suhu naik, dan the air becomes lighter and rises to the top. The place is densitasnya menurun. Akibatnya udara menjadi ringan dan filled by a stream of fresh air that enters through the naik ke atas. Tempatnya diisi oleh aliran udara segar yang outside air outlet and then is reheated by the bulb. masuk melalui lubang udara luar dan kemudian dipanaskan lagi oleh bohlam. This incubator is one of the community service products of the UI Incubator Team since 2012 until now. 220 units Inkubator ini adalah salah satu produk pengabdian have been produced and helped more than 3000 babies masyarakat dari Tim Inkubator UI sejak tahun 2012 in several locations in Indonesia through community hingga sekarang. Telah diproduksi sebanyak 220 unit empowerment. dan membantu lebih dari 3000 bayi di beberapa lokasi di Indonesia melalui pemberdayaan masyarakat. Alamat kontak [email protected] [email protected] 87

Prof. Dr. Ir. Raldi Artono Koestoer, DEA Juan Karnadi, S.T. Low Cost Mini Patient Health Monitor Patient Monitor menjadi pilihan lantaran data medis yang Patient Monitor becomes an option, because the medical diperolehnya bisa memetakan keadaan vital pasien lewat data it has proceeded represents patient’s physical state. hasil keluaran dari tiap parameternya. Dari banyaknya From all the parameters in Patient Monitor, three are parameter yang ada dalam Patient Monitor, tiga di chosen as main preference: heartrate (BPM), oxygen satu- antaranya dipilih sebagai preferensi utama: detak jantung ration (SPO2), dan body temperature (T). The reason is that (BPM), kepekatan oksigen dalam darah (SPO2), dan suhu those parameters have all data being highly needed by the tubuh (T). Keunggulan utama Low Cost Mini Patient Health medical personnel to enable them determine patient’s vital Monitor sendiri yakni bisa digunakan terus-menerus state. The leading excellence from Low Cost Mini Patient karena modul sensor yang terpasang bersifat non-inva- Health Monitor is that it can be used repeatedly as its sive (tidak melukai kulit). Dan terlebih, biaya pembuatannya sensor module has a very non-invasive approach by not bisa ditekan, sebab modul sensor yang terpasang dapat wounding the patient's skin; not to mention the produc- mengukur ketiga parameter yang menjadi preferensi tadi. tion's cost does significantly reduce as the module sensor Keunggulan lainnya dari Low Cost Mini Patient Health can measure all those three parameters altogether. Another Monitor lainnya ialah aspek kesederhanaan penggunaan, obvious excellence is with its smaller yet more compact ukuran yang ringkas, keterjangkauan biaya dan mobilitas dimension than Patient Monitor in hospital, Low Cost tinggi karena portable dan mudah dibawa ke mana saja. Mini Patient Health Monitor does highly enable mobility because we can handily bring and place it on everywhere. Other excellences are as the followings: simpler use and affordable cost. Alamat kontak [email protected] [email protected] 88

Prof. Ir. Yulianto S. Nugroho, M.Sc., Ph.D Alat Pemadam Api Serbaguna (MultiPurpose Fire Extenguisher) Alat ini dikembangkan oleh Prof. Yulianto dan koleganya dari Departemen Teknik Mesin FTUI sebagai salah satu upaya solusi untuk memadamkan api di wilayah yang tidak mampu dicapai oleh mobil pemadam keba- karan. Terdapat dua tipe yaitu: Alat Pemadam Api Ringan: dikembangkan bersama dengan Wajito Ph.D sebagai suatu pemadam kebakaran yang dapat dibawa masuk ke dalam akses jalan sempit, dan dapat memakai sumber air mana saja yang diper- oleh di lokasi kebakaran. Alat Pemadam Api Ringan dengan Sistem Kabut Air: dikembangkan bersama Prof. Danardono Agus Sumarsono untuk mengatasi kebakaran yang terjadi di dapur rumah tangga dan dikembangkan dengan melihat sulitnya sumber air di saat kondisi kepanikan telah terjadi. Terobosan dari alat ini adalah mampu mengkonversi air menjadi partikel kabut yang sangat halus. Proses penguapan air menjadi kabut berperan secara signifikan untuk mengurangi waktu penyalaan api dengan terserapnya sebahagian besar nilai kalor dari api. Developed by Prof. Yulianto Sulistyo Nugroho and his co-workers from the Department of Mechanical Engineering FTUI, this equipment is one of the ways to extinguish fires in the area where fire engine cannot reach due to limited access. There are two type of extinguisher, i.e: Light Fire Extinguisher : developed together with Warjito, Ph.D and it does not require much water and can be mobilized through narrow streets in heavily populated areas with limited water resources. It can also be functioned as a car wash tool Light Fire Extinguisher with Water Fog System : developed together with Prof. R. Danardono A. Sumarsono, this tool is made specifically to extinguish kitchen fire and was developed by the fact that it is very difficult to obtain water resource especially after people get panic. One of the effective ways to overcome this problem is by converting the limited water resource into very fine texture of steam (water fog), which . During the fogging time, the calor heat from the fire will be absorbed significantly and thus reduce the flaming time. 89

Prof. Dr. Ir. Slamet, M.T. Dr. Drs. Rizal Subahar, M.Biomed Alat Penyedot Dan Penghancur Jentik Nyamuk Portabel (Portable Mosquito Larvae Vacuum and Crusher) Developed by Professor Slamet from the Department of Chemical Engineering FTUI together with Dr. Rizal Subahar, the Department of Parasitology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, this tool can be used to prevent Dengue fever (DHF) by breaking the chain of transmission by controlling the flick through mosquito eradi- cation. This tool is very effective in sucking the mosquito larvae and crushing them simultaneously. The equipment is designed in a portable form so it is very practical and flexible for all conditions in the field, it has the ability to reach recess or corner areas so as expected mosquito populations can be reduced significantly. Dikembangkan bersama oleh Prof. Slamet dari Departemen Teknik Kimia FTUI dengan Dr. Rizal Subahar, dari Departemen Parasitologi FKUI, alat ini merupakan salah satu alat untuk mencegah penyakit demam berdarah (DBD) dengan memutuskan rantai penularan melalui penyedotan jentik nyamuk. Alat ini sangat sangat efektif untuk menyedot sekaligus menghancurkan jentik nyamuk. Alat ini dirancang dalam bentuk portabel sehingga penggunaannya sangat praktis dan fleksibel untuk segala kondisi di lapangan, dan mampu menjangkau relung-relung atau pojokan sehingga diharapkan akan mengurangi populasi nyamuk DBD secara signifikan. 90

Prof. Dr. Ir. Mohammad Nasikin, M.Eng ASBUTON (Aspal dari Batuan Mineral Pulau Buton) Asbuton (Asphalt from Buton Island Mineral Rock) Asbuton (Aspal Buton), hasil penelitian Prof. Asbuton (Asphalt from Buton), developed by Mohammad Nasikin dan tim, merupakan jenis Prof. Mohammad Nasikin and his coworkers, is aspal alam yang digunakan untuk mensubstitusi a natural asphalt resources of the world largest keberadaan dan penggunaan aspal minyak. Asbuton deposit located in Buton Island, Southeast Sulawesi kompatibel dengan campuran aspal panas (hot mix), Province. This asphalt can be used as a substitute dan memiliki ketahanan dan kekakuan yang lebih for asphalt obtained from petroleum refining. This tinggi dibandingkan aspal konvensional sehingga asphalt is compatible with hot mix asphalt, has bisa digunakan untuk meningkatkan umur konstruksi fatigue endurance as well as higher resistance to jalanan. the temperature difference upon its usage for street construction, and higher stiffness modulus than that of the conventional asphalt and thus would be able to increase the life cycle of the street asphalt pavement. 91

Prof. Dr. Ing. Ir. Misri Gozan, M.Tech & Dr. Mahdi Jufri, M.Si BIONICO (Gel Herbal Pelembab Kulit untuk Gaya Hidup Aktif) Bionico (Herbal Gel Skin Moisturizer for Active Lifestyle) Bionico ini dikembangkan oleh tim Prof. Misri Gozan This Bionico is developed by Prof. Misri Gozan and dari Program Studi Teknologi Bioproses Departemen his group at the Biorefinery Lab, the Department Teknik Kimia FTUI dan tim Dr. Mahdi Jufri dari of Chemical Engineering FTUI and a team from Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Indonesia. Bionico the Faculty of Pharmacy UI led by Dr. Mahdi Jufri. merupakan gel herbal yang dirancang untuk menjaga Bionico is an herbal gel designed to maintained kelembaban kulit bagi mereka yang bergaya hidup skin humidity in tropical climate as well as avoiding aktif sekaligus untuk menghindari gigitan nyamuk. mosquito bites. The active ingredient was extracted Bahan aktif Bionico berasal dari daun tembakau yang from tobacco leaves and formulated specially so diekstrak dan diramu dengan cara khusus sehingga the product is safe for the users. Currently, Bionico aman bagi pemakainya. Saat ini produk Bionico is being developed together with a team from sedang dikembangkan bersama dengan tim dari the Faculty of Economy and Business Universitas Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Indonesia Indonesia in order to comply with the regulations untuk memenuhi izin edar dan syarat lain untuk for the commercialization steps as a cosmetic in the proses komersiali-sasinya sebagai kosmetik. market. 92

Prof. Dr. Ing. Ir. Misri Gozan, M.Tech BIOPESTISIDA GOGO (Pestisida Alami Ramah Lingkungan Berbahan Dasar Tembakau) Biopesticide Gogo (Tobacco Based Natural and Enviromentally Friendly Pesticide) Biopestisida Gogo merupakan pestisida ramah ling- Biopesticide Gogo is a natural and environmentally kungan karena tidak mengandung residu berbahaya friendly pesticide contains no harmful residues such pada tanaman seperti organoklorin, organophosphat as organochlorine, organophosphat and carbamate. dan karbamat. Bahan aktif Biopestisida Gogo berasal Biopesticide Gogo is extracted from tobacco leaves dari daun tembakau yang diekstrak khusus dan with fine technique to obtain active substances bermanfaat untuk membasmi dan mengusir hama that are effective in killing and repelling insects. pada tanaman. Biopestisida Gogo memadukan Biopesticide Gogo combines the traditional wisdom kearifan tradisional nenek moyang yang telah of our ancestor who had used tobacco as natural memanfaatkan tanaman tembakau sebagai pestisida pesticides and the chemical technology in extracting alami dan teknologi kimia untuk mengekstraksi the natural components efficiently so the utilization bahan secara efisien sehingga pemanfaatannya lebih of biopesticide can be broaden, can be stored in long luas, dapat disimpan lebih lama, dan lebih aman. time and safe. Biogogo ini dikembangkan oleh Prof. Misri Gozan This Biogogo is developed by Prof. Misri Gozan and dan timnya di Program Studi Teknologi Bioproses his team at the Biorefinery Lab, the Department of Departemen Teknik Kimia FTUI. Chemical Engineering FTUI. 93

Prof. Dr. Drs. Benyamin Kusumoputro, MSc Electronic Speed Controller Berbasis AI Artificial Intelligence Based Programmable Electronic Speed Controller for BLDC Motor Artificial Intelligence Based Electronic Speed Artificial Intelligence Based Electronic Speed Controller atau ESC berbasis AI, adalah ESC yang Controller or AI based ESC, is an ESC capable of mampu mengendalikan sistem non-linear, bersifat controlling non-linear systems, adaptive, and has a adaptif, dan memiliki respon pengendalian yang fast control response, utilizing Artificial Intelligence cepat, dengan memanfaatkan kecerdasan buatan (AI). atau AI. Creating sensorless BLDC motor controller has been Untuk membuat pengontrol motor BLDC tanpa difficult task due to the needs of PID controller and sensor merupakan tugas yang sulit karena kebutuhan its observer to control and predict the speed of pengendali PID dan pengamatnya untuk mengen- the motor. Mathematically , to build a precise PID dalikan dan memprediksi kecepatan motor. Secara controlller along with its observer requires deep matematis, untuk membangun pengendali PID yang knowledge of electrical behavior which is difficult tepat bersama dengan pengamatnya membutuhkan to calculate. Therefore, AI based ESC makes this pengetahuan yang mendalam tentang perilaku task easier and it is able to adapt their performance kelistrikan yang sulit untuk dihitung. Oleh karena against disturbance through its learning capabilities. itu, ESC berbasis AI membuat tugas ini lebih mudah In the AI based ESC system, Artificial Neural dan mampu menyesuaikan kinerja mereka terhadap Network are used as a PID controller and also in the gangguan melalui kemampuan belajarnya. Dalam observer making the user can control the sensorless sistem ESC berbasis AI, Jaringan Syaraf Tiruan BLDC motor with high performance in an easy way. digunakan sebagai kontroler PID dan juga dalam pengamat membuat pengguna dapat mengontrol motor BLDC tanpa sensor dengan kinerja tinggi dengan cara yang mudah. 94

Dr. Eng. Muhammad Sahlan Prof. drg. Risqa Rina Darwita Ph.D, & drg. Sri Angky Soekanto, Ph.D FLOLIS (Zat Topikal untuk Karies Aktif Berbahan Dasar Propolis dan Fluoride) Flolis (Topically Substance for Active Caries Based Propolis and Fluoride) Flolis dikembangkan oleh Dr. Muhamad Sahlan dan Flolis has been developed by Dr. Muhamad Sahlan timnya di Departemen Teknik Kimia FTUI bersama and his team at the Department of Chemical Prof. drg. Risqa Rina Darwita Ph.D dan drg. Sri Angky Engineering together with Prof. drg. Risqa Rina Soekanto, Ph.D dari Fakultas kedokteran Gigi UI. Darwita Ph.D and drg. Sri Angky Soekanto, Ph.D Flolis dikembangkan sebagai suatu terobosan dalam from Faculty of Dentistry. Flolis is developed as a menurunkan nilai prevalensi karies gigi masyarakat breakthrough in handling caries prevalence occurring Indonesia. Flolis hadir sebagai produk inovasi yang in Indonesia. Flolis is an emulsion of propolis extracts dapat membantu masyarakat, khususnya usia and fluoride solution and becomes an innovative anak-anak dalam menghambat hingga menghentikan product that can help people, especially children, in proses karies aktif dengan cara yang sangat seder- order to stop the active caries in a very simple way hana yaitu dengan hanya mengoleskan sekali dalam by only smearing it every two months. This product 2 bulan, murah, dan dapat didistribusikan secara is inexpensive and can be distributed easily all over mudah ke berbagai pelosok daerah Indonesia. Indonesia. 95

Dr. Ir. Setiadi, M.Eng FROSIMA (Inovasi Olahan Daging Bebek dengan Teknologi Restrukturisasi) Frosima (Innovation of Processed Duck Meat with Restructurisation Technology) Frosima merupakan produk olahan daging bebek Frosima is a processed duck meat product from petelur Afkir yang diperoleh dari Brebes dengan Brebes Afkir egg-laying duck using enzyme to menggunakan enzim untuk meningkatkan kualitas increase the meat quality. This product added values daging. Keunggulan produk ini antara lain memiliki are: high protein, good texture, chewy, and odorless. protein tinggi, tekstur yang baik, kenyal, dan tidak Through Frosima, it is expected for Indonesian berbau. Produk ini dibuat untuk menambah dan people to get to know the diversity of Brebes local mengenalkan kepada masyarakat Indonesia akan wisdom. beragamnya kearifan local Kota Brebes melalui Frosima. 96

Prof. Dr. Heri Hermansyah, S.T., M.Eng & Tim Biokatalis DTK UI HYDRO – ZYME Hydro-Zyme merupakan bahan yang dapat digu- Hydro-zyme is a substance that plays an important nakan sebagai katalis reaksi hidrolisis, esterifikasi, role in catalytic process upon hydrolysis, esterifica- transesterifikasi, dan interesterifikasi. Berupa zat tion, transesterification and interesterification. This lipase yang berasal dari Aspergillus niger diproses originates from Aspergillus niger through extra-cel- secara ekstra-seluler dan Candida rugosa secara luler, and Candida rugose through whole-cell whole cell dan diproduksi melalui fermentasi solid produced via solid-state fermentation and cultivation state dan kultivasi dengan medium dedak padi. with rice husk medium. Hydro-Zyme juga dapat digunakan sebagai bahan Hydro-zyme can also be used as detergent mixture campuran detergen untuk mempercepat hidrolisis to accelerate hydrolysis process of oil slag, and kotoran minyak dan katalis dalam industri oleokimia as catalyst in oleo-chemical industry to convert yang berperan untuk mengkonversi trigliserida tri-glyseride to biodiesel. This Hydro-zyme is devel- menjadi biodiesel. Bahan ini, dikembangkan oleh oped by Prof. Heri Hermansyah and his Bio-Catalyst Prof. Heri Hermansyah dan Tim Bio Katalis di team at the Department of Chemical Engineering Departemen Teknik Kimia FTUI. FTUI. 97

Dr. Ir. Andi Rustandi, M.T. Kalkulator Pengukur Laju Korosi Karbon Dioksida CO2 Corrosion Rate Calculator Piranti lunak ini digunakan untuk menentukan atau This software is a useful tool to determine the corro- mengetahui besaran laju korosi pada material baja sion rate on carbon steels under fluidic environments karbon di dalam lingkungan fluida yang terdiri atas such as oil, gas and aqueous with corrosive carbon minyak, gas dan air formasi dengan kandungan dioxide (CO2) at certain conditions of pressure, komponen korosif gas CO2 pada kondisi tekanan, temperature and fluid flow rate. temperatur dan laju alir tertentu. The software has been developed by Dr. Andi Piranti lunak ini dikembangkan oleh Dr. Andi Rustandi and the team at the Department of Rustandi dan timnya dari Departemen Teknik Metallurgical and Materials Engineering FTUI. Metalurgi dan Material FTUI. This software can be used for those who work Perangkat ini juga dapat digunakan oleh kalangan in special engineering area with production and keteknikan khususnya yang bergerak di bidang refinery of oil and gas, i.e. upon design and materials produksi serta pengolahan minyak dan gas bumi selection stages for piping facilities. In addition, this pada saat perancangan dan pemilihan material baja. software can also be used as a tool for selection Selain itu, aplikasi ini juga dapat digunakan untuk methods on the corrosion control including corrosion pemilihan metode pengendalian korosi internal inhibitor injection or during the replacement work of dengan injeksi inhibitor korosi atau dibutuhkan saat conventional carbon steel with specialty corrosion penggantian material baja karbon konvensional resistant alloy (CRA). dengan tipe paduan khusus anti karat (corrosion resistant alloy, CRA). 98

Prof. Dr. Ir. Sunaryo, M.Sc KAPAL TANPA AWAK Unmanned Surface Vehicle Beberapa prototipe Kapal Tanpa Awak (Unmanned Several Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV) prototypes Surface Vehicle, USV) telah berhasil dibuat Dr. Ario Sunar have been developed by Dr. Ario Sunar Baskoro from Baskoro dari Departemen Teknik Mesin FTUI bersama Tim the Department of Mechanical Engineering FTUI and Autonomous Marine Vehicles Universitas Indonesia (AMV Autonomous Marine Vehicles Universitas Indonesia Team UI). (AMV UI). Makara-01 merupakan prototype pertama kapal cepat tak Makara-01 is the first prototype of the Unmanned Surface berawak yang dirancang tim ini dengan keunggulan low Vehicle designed by the AMV UI team with an advantage resistance twin hull yang mewakili Indonesia dalam 5th of low resistance twin hull. This USV prototype has repre- Annual Roboboat Competition tahun 2012 di Virginia, USA. sented Indonesia in the 5th Annual Roboboat Competition in 2012 at Virginia Beach, USA. Makara-02 merupakan USV kedua dengan SWATH (Small Waterplane Area Twin Hull) yang telah berhasil menjadi Makara-02 is the second USV prototype built with Small juara Best Design pada Kontes Kapal Tak Berawak tahun Waterplane Area Twin Hull (SWATH) which took home 2012. the trophy as the Winner of the Best Design in Unmanned Surface Vehicle Award 2012. Makara-03 merupakan kapal rescue tanpa awak hasil dari pengembangan dan riset dengan Basarnas. Kecanggihan Makara-03 was designed as a result of further research kapal tanpa awak ini mampu kembali ke posisi semula (self- and development carried out by the AMV UI team and righting boat) ketika kapal tersebut terbalik. the Indonesia National Search and Rescue Institution. This unmanned vehicle has the ability of a self-righting boat Makara-04 merupakan hasil pengembangan USV sebel- during a search and rescue mission. umnya, dimana konsep kapal yang didesain memiliki keunggulan dalam kecepatan dan tidak terdeteksi ini telah Makara-04 is a new development of the previous USV, in berhasil menjadi juara 3 pada Kontes Kapal Tak Berawak which it was designed to have an advantage in speed and tahun 2014. cannot be detected. It has been awarded as the 2nd runner up in the Unmanned Vehicle Award 2014. Makara-05 yang merupakan hasil pengembangan lanjutan USV sebelumnya, memiliki keunggulan dalam segi stabilitas Makara-05, as the current prototype of the AMV UI team’s dan manuver. Kapal tanpa awak ini diarahkan ke depannya USV development, have superior advantage in stability and untuk pengembangan robot kapal pengintai menjaga maneuver capability. Makara-05 is prepared to pave the perbatasan wilayah Republik Indonesia untuk keperluan way for the development of surveillance vehicle robot to pertahanan dan ketahanan nasional. keep watch of Indonesia’s borders to protect Indonesia’s defense and national security. 99

Prof. Dr. Ing. Nandy S. Putra Kotak Pembawa Dan Pendingin Vaksin Portabel Hemat Energi Portable and Energy Saving Vaccine Cooler and Carrier Sebuah alat pendingin khusus berupa Kotak A special box used as portable and energy saving Pembawa dan Pendingin Vaksin Portabel Hemat cooler for carrying vaccine has been developed Energi telah dibuat oleh Prof. Nandy Setiadi Putra by Prof. Nandy Setadi Putra and his team at the dan timnya di Departemen Teknik Mesin FTUI. Department of Mechanical Engineering FTUI. Alat ini bekerja menggunakan sistem thermoelectric heat pipe dan didesain hemat energi karena hanya This useful box works based on thermoelectric heat memerlukan catu daya sebesar 10-20 watt saja, pipe principle, it is energy-saving designed since it mudah dibawa secara portabel untuk berbagai only needs 10-20-watt power, easy to carry for any keperluan serta dilengkapi dengan fasilitas penga- purposes and equipped with temperature controller. turan suhu. Thermoelectric as a cooling system generates a Thermoelectric sebagai suatu sistem pendingin temperature difference in both sides. In order to akan menghasilkan perbedaan temperatur panas obtain the desired temperature, the heat pipe is used dan dingin di kedua sisinya. Untuk mendapatkan wherein no more energy from outside is needed. The temperatur yang diinginkan, digunakan heat pipe heat insulating material is used to prevent the heat yang tidak lagi membutuhkan energi tambahan. entering the container, whereas a 12-volt battery is Untuk mencegah masuknya panas ke dalam used to run the thermoelectric function. kontener, digunakan bahan insulasi, sementara fungsi thermoelectric dijalankan oleh baterai 12 volt 100