ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office

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ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office i Chapter Table of Contents Page Chapter 1 1 Computer Hardware 1 1.1 Motherboard 2 1.2 Central Processing Unit (CPU) 3 1.3 Random Access Memory (RAM) 4 1.4 Hard Disk Drive (HDD) 5 1.5 Power Supply Unit (PSU) 5 1.3 CMOS Battery 6 Chapter 2 Hardware Maintenance 6 2.1 Importance of Hardware Maintenance 6 2.2 Identify Maintenance Equipment and Safety Rules 8 2.3 Cleaning Computer & Monitor 8 2.4 Computer Power Protection - Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) 9 2.5 Common Hardware Problems and Solutions 10 Chapter 3 Hardware Maintenance 10 3.1 What is Operating System (OS)? 11 3.2 Install Your Windows Operating System 18 3.3 Create Operating System Bootable Media with Rufus 19 3.4 Common Windows Problems and Solutions 20 Chapter 4 System Driver 20 4.1 What is System Driver? 21 4.2 Get to Know Your Computer System Driver 23 4.3 System Driver Installation 26 4.4 Common System Driver Problem and Solutions 28 Chapter 5 Computer Software 28 5.1 Different Types of Computer Software 28 5.2 Types of Software for Office Use 30 5.3 Software Licensing 31 5.4 Common Computer Software Problems and Solutions

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office ii Chapter 6 Software Maintenance 33 6.1 Importance of Software Maintenance 33 6.2 Uninstall Unnecessary Programs 33 6.3 Remove Unnecessary Startup Programs 34 6.4 Delete junk/temporary files 35 6.5 Scandisk Error Checking 36 6.6 Defrag Your Hard Drive 37 Chapter 7 Data Backup 38 7.1 Backup Storage 38 7.2 Different Backup Types 40 7.3 Common Backup Utilities 42 7.4 Perform Automated Data Backup using Free File Sync 44 Chapter 8 Computer Security 49 8.1 Importance of Computer Security 49 8.2 Cyber Attack 50 8.3 Secure Your Computer 52 Chapter 9 Document Processing 54 9.1 Document Processing Devices 54 9.2 Printer Driver Installation 55 9.3 How to Print Documents 57 9.4 Scan Documents 59 9.5 How to Copy Documents to a USB Flash Drive from Your Computer 61 9.6 Fax Documents 61 9.7 Device Driver Installation and Update 62 9.8 Common Document Processing Problems and Solutions 63 Chapter 10 Computer Networking 65 10.1 Introduction to Computer Networking 65 10.2 Identify Network Devices in Office 66 10.3 Introduction to IP Address 69 10.4 Identify Your Computer IP Address 73 10.5 Common Computer Networks Problems and Solutions 74

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office iii Chapter 11 Web Technology 77 11.1 Introduction to Web Technology 77 11.2 Web Application 84 11.3 Web Browser Utility 85 11.4 Web Browsing Cache 87 11.5 Bookmarking 89 11.6 Browser Data Backup & Restore 89 Chapter 12 Mobile Technology 96 12.1 Introduction To Mobile Technology 96 12.2 Mobile Device & Operating System 97 12.3 Mobile Application 98 12.4 Mobile Utility 101 12.5 Tips And Tricks 102 12.6 Mobile Phone Problems 108 Chapter 13 Digital Communication 110 13.1 Introduction to Digital Communication Tools 110 13.2 E-Mailing 112 13.3 App Messaging /Chatting 113 13.4 Video Telephony 115 13.5 Tips and Trick 117 13.6 Common Digital Communication Problems and Solutions 119 Chapter 14 Social Media 121 14.1 Introduction to Social Media 121 14.2 Types of Social Media 121 14.3 Social Media Utility 123 14.4 Utilizing Social Media to Achieve Company Goals 128

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 1 - CHAPTER 1 - COMPUTER HARDWARE Objectives: 1. To learn more about basic components in computer 2. To learn more computer hardware 1.1 Motherboard The motherboard is the main component of a computer. It's basically a large circuit board that fits into a computer’s case and its where all the computer components connect to. Motherboard main function is to allow all the computer components to communicate. Inside the motherboard, there is a system called BIOS (Basic Input Output System). The BIOS system can be accessed during the boot time of the computer by pressing selected key based on the motherboard branding.

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 2 1.2 Central Processing Unit (CPU) Central Processing Unit (CPU), or sometimes called processor, is one of the essential computer components used to handle all the input and output processing. For example, when key “A” is pressed on the keyboard, this is called input, and when the “A” letter display on the monitor, this is called an output. The signal processing between the input and output is handled by the processor. CPU Socket The CPU is installed on the CPU socket of the motherboard. Different motherboard models support different CPU sockets. Please double check the CPU socket compatibility when you purchase a new motherboard.

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 3 1.3 Random Access Memory (RAM) RAM or Random Access Memory is the temporary storage that used to store processing data. In order for a program to run, it needs to be loaded into the RAM first. The RAM slot on the motherboard is called DIMM (Dual In-line Memory Module) slot. Computer and Laptop had different size of RAM slot. On the Laptop, the RAM slot is called SO-DIMM (Small Outline Dual In-line Memory Module ). The revolution of RAM is determined by the DDR (Double Data Rate) technology supported by the motherboard. When purchasing a new RAM, please double check the DDR compatibility with the motherboard of your computer.

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 4 1.4 Hard Disk Drive (HDD) Hard Disk Drive (HDD), also called Primary Memory, is used to store all sorts of digital information. Example: Operating System (OS) data, and user documents. On old computers, Hard Disk Drive is using SATA (Serial ATA) Technology. SATA HDD is a data storage device that uses magnetic storage to store and retrieve digital information. The two most common form factors for modern HDDs are 3.5-inch, for desktop computers, and 2.5-inch, primarily for laptops. In modern computers, SATA HDD is slowly replaced by a new HDD technology called SSD (Solid State Drive). SSD performed a lot faster than a traditional SATA drive. The data transfer rate of an SSD can perform up to 3GB per second while on SATA drive, only up to 600MB per second.

1.5 Power Supply Unit (PSU) ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 5 Power Supply Unit (PSU) is an electronic device that supplies electric energy to the computer component. Primary function of PSU is to convert the Alternate Current to Direct Current, in order for our computer components to work. 1.6 CMOS Battery CMOS (Complementary metal–oxide– semiconductor) battery is used to retain the computer's date and time, and BIOS configuration. Typically, when you see the date and time of your computer is showing the wrong date or time, it is probably time to change your computer CMOS battery.

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 6 - CHAPTER 2 - HARDWARE MAINTENANCE Objectives: 1. To learn about hardware maintenance 2. To identify maintenance equipment and safety rules 3. To learn how to clean computer and monitor 4. To learn the common windows Problems and Solutions 2.1 Importance of Hardware Maintenance Computer hardware maintenance involves taking care of the computer's physical components, such as its keyboard, hard drive and internal CD or DVD drives. The most overlooked performance problem, by far, is the location and physical cleanliness of the computer and it’s surroundings. Dust will get into computers, and when it does, it can slow down performance overheat components, cause system crashes and in extreme cases physical damage can occur to the hardware of your computer, including fires! Maintaining hardware helps to extend the computer's lifespan. It helps to keep the system functioning smoothly. 2.2 Identify Maintenance Equipment and Safety Rules Anti-static equipment Always remember to wear anti-static equipment to prevent reveal of static electricity when you are working on sensitive electronic equipment such as computers. Anti-static cleaning brush

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 7 Anti-static wrist strap Compressed Air Compressed air is very useful in computer hardware maintenance. Due to the air structure, it does not contain harmful particles to the computer part. It is used to blow out the dust from the computer part. Safety Rule  Unplug all computer equipment and peripherals before opening any covering cases.  Do not force components into computer ports.  Use an anti-static wrist strap or discharge yourself by touching a grounded metal object such as a computer casing.  Power supplies produce several levels of voltage. Read the information on the power supply carefully and make sure that the power supply you are using is appropriate for the application.  Retain all screws during disassembly in containers such as film canisters for proper reassembly.  Electronic components should never become hot. Hot components mean that there is a problem with the circuit. Disconnect any power immediately.

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 8 2.3 Cleaning Computer & Monitor Inside Computer Casing Cleaning This is the most overlooked (and dangerous) place where dust and dirt can collect. Too much dust will often cause slow performance, hardware failure, or even an electrical fire! It is important to clean the inside of your computer case to maintain good computer performance. To clean the inside of the computer, use compressed air or anti-static brush. Be warned, you may want to complete this chore outside depending on how long it has been since your last dusting! Be careful not to touch any exposed components or circuitry while your computer case is open, as you may give your computer quite the shock. Static electricity can easily destroy the delicate electrical components inside of your computer. That being said, cleaning the inside of your computer should not require you to touch any of the components inside of it. Monitor A monitor will collect a few smudges and fingerprints in it’s lifetime. While this sounds very basic it is important to use the right cleaning supplies on monitors. Regular commercial glass cleaners will destroy the anti-glare coating that comes on many monitors. Use a glass cleaner that is designed to be safe on monitors and a soft cloth. Always remember to unplug your monitor before spraying any liquid onto it. 2.4 Computer Power Protection - Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) Utilizing top notch uninterruptible power supply (UPS) equipment can help protect your equipment against harm from unforeseen power failures or unclean power. UPS devices provide power backup to your system, ensuring that there is no interruption between your computer system and the main power supply. This won’t keep your computer up and running forever, but it provides enough time to save your work and properly shut down your computer. These devices also clean the power before it reaches your computer. Some are able to connect to your computer and send a signal to shut down properly when you are experiencing a power outage.

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 9 2.5 Common Hardware Problems and Solutions 1. PC No Power Issue: If your PC is not able to power on at all – not even a single light in it Solution: Try check your PC’s extension cord, power outlet, and other connections if they are working fine. Or else there might be a problem with the PC’s power cable. Replace the power cable of the monitor with the CPU’s (if you don’t have a spare) to see if it turns on. You’ll have to get a new power cable if this fixes the problem. 2. RAM Faulty Issue: If the RAM inside your PC loose or faulty, your PC will beep 2-3 times and won’t boot at all. Solution: Take out the RAM completely and clean the RAM golden edge using an eraser or any static free item. Now insert back the RAM and put enough pressure on both ends to ensure it is fully inside. Afterward, close the clips and make sure they’re properly locked. Even a slightly loose RAM will be unable to work.

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 10 - CHAPTER 3 - OPERATING SYSTEM (OS) Objectives: 1. To learn about operating systems (OS) 2. To learn how to install windows operating system 3. To learn how to create operating system Bootable Media with Rufus 4. To learn the common windows Problems and Solutions 3.1 What is Operating System (OS)? Operating System (OS) is used to manage the hardware and running programs. It provides a user interface for the users to interact with the computer device. The operating system with the computer hardware, formed a complete system that determined what the computer can do. The common computer operating systems on the market are Microsoft Windows, Apple MacOS, and Linux Operating System.

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 11 Other than computers, mobile devices are also running on an operating system such as Google Android for Android phone products, and IPhone Operating System (IOS) for Apple phones products. When you are installing new software or application to your computer and mobile device, you should check to see if your software or application is compatible with your operating system. 3.2 Install Your Windows Operating System Clean Installation of Windows Operating System A clean installation of Windows Operating System is referring to installing Windows from scratch. It is important to understand when you want to install a Windows Operating System in a new HDD or when you want to erase the hard drive data to start from scratch due to your computer device having problems. For instance, using this approach can help to resolve performance, startup, shut down, memory, and apps issues happening on the operating system. In addition, it's an effective method to delete viruses and virtually any kind of malware. Refer below steps to do a clean installation of Windows Operating System: 1. Turn on the computer with a Windows Installation Media, such as Windows CD, or USB Windows image bootable drive. 2. During computer boot up, press any key to boot from the Windows Media. It will then lead you to the Windows setup screen.

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 12 3. On the Windows setup screen, click the next button. 4. Click “Install Now”.

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 13 5. On the Activate Windows Screen, type in the product key of your Windows license and click the next button. 6. On the next screen, select the Windows Operating System version that matched the licensed you purchased and click the next button.

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 14 7. On the license terms page, select “I accept the license terms” at the bottom, and click the next button. 8. On the installation type page, select “Custom: Install Windows only (Advanced)” option.

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 15 9. Select the empty drive and click the next button. Once you complete the steps, the setup will proceed with the fresh installation of Windows Operating System on the device. During the installation, the computer will restart several times. Just leave it for a while, and it will lead you to the first time configuration page. Just follow the Windows setup guidance, and you will be ready to boot into a fresh new Windows Operating System. Windows Operating System Reset Other than clean installation, you can also perform Windows Reset. Windows Reset is a Windows utility only available in Windows 8 and above. It allowed the user to initialize the computer operating system in much easier way. Unless your Windows Operating System is corrupted, which cause you unable to go into Windows Reset functionality, otherwise this is a very convenient way to initialize your Windows Operating System on Windows version 8 and above.

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 16 Refer below steps to do a Windows Operating System Reset: 1. Navigate to Settings. You can get there by clicking the gear icon on the Start menu. 2. Select \"Update & security\" 3. Select “Recovery” on the left pane.

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 17 4. Select \"Get started\" under Reset this PC. 5. On the option page promoted, click either \"Keep my files\" or \"Remove everything,\" depending on whether you want to keep your data files after reset. But in either way, all of the settings will still return to their defaults state and all the applications will be uninstalled. 6. Select \"Just remove my files\" or \"Remove files and clean the drive\" if you chose \"Remove everything\" in the prior step. Cleaning the drive takes a lot longer but will make sure that, if you are giving the computer away, the next person can't recover your erased files. If you are keeping the computer, choose \"Just remove my files.\"

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 18 7. Click “Reset” when prompted. After you click “Reset”, the Windows will then restart and take several minutes to reset itself. Just leave it for a while, and it will lead you to the first time configuration page. Just follow the Windows setup guidance, and you will be ready to boot into a fresh new Windows Operating System. 3.3 Create Operating System Bootable Media with Rufus A bootable media is often used in repair and reinstallation of an operating system. It is created by converting the operating system image into media such as CD or pendrive. In order to convert the operating system image, we need software to do it. Rufus is a free software that helps format and create bootable USB flash drives, such as USB keys/pendrives, memory sticks, etc.

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 19 1. On “Device” section, select the correct device that you are going to use for bootable media 2. On “Boot selection” section, select the operating system image that can be downloaded from the respective operating system website. 3. The rest of the setting just leave it default, and click “Start” 4. Once the operation is completed, you may now use your bootable media to boot into the operating system image that you have converted. 3.4 Common Windows Problems and Solutions Boot Failure Troubleshoot Step: 1. Check the Hard Disk Cable if the cable loose or not. If possible, get a new cable to test in case of the existing cable faulty. 2. If problem persist, try change a new hard disk and reinstall the windows.

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 20 - CHAPTER 4 - SYSTEM DRIVER Objectives: 1. To learn more about system driver 2. To learn your computer system driver 3. To learn more system driver installation 4. To learn more about common system driver and troubleshooting 4.1 What is System Driver? Device drivers are small codes and files that form a bridge of communication between the hardware and the operating system on the computer. Every piece of hardware installed on the computer requires a device driver so that the system can see it and handle it accordingly. Example - LBP2900 Printer Driver Files

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 21 4.2 Get to Know Your Computer System Driver You can check your computer system driver by accessing to device manager. 1. Right click the “Windows Start Button” on the bottom left, and select Device Manager.

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 22 2. You will see a list of all the installed drivers in your computer.

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 23 2.3 System Driver Installation When you reformat a computer, sometimes you will notice there are certain driver not installed in your system. Examples like Graphic card driver, network interface card driver, and sound card driver. Normally this driver can be found on the internet by searching the model of your device. Example - Nvidia Driver can be downloaded from their official website - https://www.nvidia.com/Download/index.aspx

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 24 Intel Driver can be downloaded from their official website - https://downloadcenter.intel.com/ After download the driver, you just need to run the installation to install it.

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 25 Other than that, there are also a software created by 3rd party, called DriverPack. They had compiled all the necessary drivers into a package which had auto detect and install drivers to our computer.

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 26 4.4 Common System Driver Problems and Solutions The most common driver issue is 3rd party device drivers, such as printers. Issue: Printer Printing Status Error. Solution: Try to restart your printer and computer. Other than that, please check the printer cable if loose. If still not able to solve the problem, you may proceed to reinstall the printer driver. Canon LBP2900 - USB Printer Driver Installation: 1. Download the driver from the canon website based on your operating system version (32-bit / 64bit) 2. Extract the downloaded compressed driver file

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 27 3. After Extract, run the Setup.exe file inside the folder. 4. Follow the instructions and proceed with the installation. 5. Select USB connection, and make sure the printer is connected to your computer with a Printer Cable. 6. Finish the installation and test print.

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 28 - CHAPTER 5 - COMPUTER SOFTWARE Objectives: 1. To learn different type of computer software 2. To learn types of software for Office use 3. To learn more about software licensing 4. To learn more about common computer software problems and solutions 5.1 Different Types of Computer Software A software or computer software essentially a type of programs which enable the users to perform some particular specific task or actually used to operate their computer. It essentially directs all of the peripheral devices on the entire computer system- what exactly to do and how exactly to perform a task. A software plays a key role of a mediator between the user and the computer hardware. 5.1.1 System Software Operating System MS Windows Android CentOS macOS Ubuntu Unix Linux Printer Drivers USB Drivers iOS Sound Card Driver VGA Drivers Device Drivers BIOS Driver UEFI BIOS Motherboard Drivers Piriform CCleaner Windows File Explorer Display Drivers Directory Opus Razer Cortex ROM Drivers Firmware Computer Peripherals Embedded Systems Utility Norton Antivirus McAfee Antivirus WinRAR WinZip

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 29 5.1.2 Application Software Word Processors MS Word Corel WordPerfect Google Docs Apple iWork-Pages Clipper MySQL Database Software MS Access FoxPro Windows Media Player Windows FileMaker Movie Maker dBase Opera UC Browser Safari Multimedia Software Adobe Photoshop Picasa VLC Media Player Web Browsers Google Chrome Mozilla Firefox Internet Explorer 5.2 Types of Software for Office Use 5.2.1 Text manipulation tools At the office you will need the all essential Microsoft Office suite. Some older versions of Windows had it already pre-install but the newer ones such as Windows 10 require you to download it yourself. This suite is important because it grants access to very useful software starting with the classic Word program to Excel and PowerPoint, all of which can be very useful in a day’s work. 5.2.2 Protection software A computer needs to remain safe and the only way in which it can do that is by having antivirus installed. Browsing the web and even using applications that come with an online component will attract unwanted attention from hackers. Antivirus programs help keep danger at bay and maintain a clean and efficient system for the user. 5.2.3 Communications managers Windows 10 allows users to download and use software that gives instant access to some much needed services like Facebook Messenger or Email. There are desktop applications which allow you an overview of all your email accounts and let you read and send emails. It’s very important to have the fastest solution available in order to maintain a high level of productivity.

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 30 5.3 Software Licensing  A software license is a document that provides legally binding guidelines for the use and distribution of software.  Software licenses typically provide end users with the right to one or more copies of the software without violating copyrights.  Software licenses typically are either proprietary, free or open source, the distinguishing feature being the terms under which users may redistribute or copy the software for future development or use. An example of Open Source Licensed Operating System is Linux. Linux Operating System, such as Ubuntu, and Kali Linux is free to download. A user can download and install the operating system without any licensed key and restriction. This is why some of the company use Linux operating system to run their business. An example of a Proprietary Licensed Operating System is Microsoft Windows. Free - Edu, Freeware, Trial Paid - Proprietary, Licensed, Subscription Based, One Off Payment

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 31 5.4 Common Computer Software Problems and Solutions 5.4.1 Blue Screen of Death (BSoD) The 'blue screen of death' is one of the most recognisable computer errors that can occur, and if you’ve ever used a PC there’s a good chance that you might have encountered a blue screen of death error already. Solutions:  When the blue screen of death error appears you should see a code. Quickly note that down, then type it into Google (or another search engine of your choice). You will find that other people have encountered the same error and have posted how they fixed it.  Windows 10, Microsoft has made the blue screen of death error message more useful. For a start, it’s no longer blue — it’s green. There will also be a QR code that is displayed along with the error message. Use your smartphone to scan the QR code and you should be taken to a webpage that will explain the error message in more detail, and offer advice on how to fix it. 5.4.2 Windows is slow to boot The most common cause is that there will be too many programs trying to load up in the background when Windows starts. Solution:  Identify what programs are loading up when Windows starts and disable any programs that you do not need. 5.4.3 Applications won’t install Another common computing problem that many people face are applications not installing. The main reason for this is a lack of hard drive space. If your hard drive has become full, it may mean that you are no longer able to install new applications. If this is the case, then you’ll need to do a bit of spring cleaning. Solutions:  Delete any large files that you no longer need especially in Downloads folder.  Free up hard drive space by uninstalling any programs that you no longer use.  Get Windows 10 to clean up your hard drive.

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 32 5.4.4 Windows Update problems Windows update may fail to install is due to a lack of hard drive space. Each update requires a minimum amount of hard drive space to be available to install correctly, and if your hard drive is too full, then the installation will fail. Solutions:  Free up hard drive space using the methods we outlined in the step above.  Uninstall the update 5.4.5 Apps behaving badly Another common PC problem is when apps and programs start acting strangely. Perhaps they suddenly close down without warning, or maybe documents look a bit strange in Word. Solutions:  Save your work, then restart your PC. Load up the app, and see if it is now working as intended.  Checking the website of the developers of the app to see if they have released a fix.  Make sure you have the latest updates installed.

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 33 - CHAPTER 6 - SOFTWARE MAINTENANCE Objectives: 1. To learn more about Software Maintenance 2. To learn how to uninstall unnecessary programs 3. To learn how to remove unnecessary Startup programs 4. To learn how to delete temporary files 5. To learn how to check Scandisk error 6. To learn how to defrag your hard drive 6.1 Importance of Software Maintenance Software maintenance is a process to maintain your system to keep them functioning smoothly. This include managing your hard disk space, scanning system errors regularly, and defragmenting your system regularly. Other than that, virus protection also important to prevent our system damage from malware attack. 6.2 Uninstall Unnecessary Programs 1. This can be done by go to the control panel of the windows pc, and select “Uninstall a program” 2. After that, select the program you want to uninstall, and double click to remove it from your computer.

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 34 6.3 Remove Unnecessary Startup Programs 1. To remove unnecessary startup program, you may right click the bottom Task Bar, and select Task Manager. 2. In the task manager, go to startup. 3. In the startup tab, select the application you do not want it to run during boot time, right click and click “disable”

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 35 6.4 Delete junk/temporary files 1. To delete junk or temporary files, first right click your hard disk partition in the My Computer / This PC, then select “Properties” 2. In the General Tab, click the “Disk Cleanup” button. 3. From the Disk Cleanup list, select the category you want to cleanup, and press ok. 4. System will start cleaning your PC junk files.

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 36 6.5 Scandisk Error Checking 1. To perform Scan Disk on your computer, right click on the hard disk partition that you want to scan, and select “Properties”. 2. Go to the Tools Tab, and you will see Error Checking section. 3. Click “Check” button, and click “Scan Drive” to run the disk error checking.

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 37 6.6 Defrag Your Hard Drive 1. To perform Scan Disk on your computer, right click on the hard disk partition that you want to scan, and select “Properties”. 2. Go to the Tools Tab, and you will see Optimize and defragment drive section. 3. Click “Optimize” button to enter the Defragment Windows. And then click “Optimize” button to start defrag the drive.

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 38 - CHAPTER 7 - DATA BACKUP Objectives: 1. To learn more about data backup 2. To learn more about different backup types 3. To learn common backup utilities 4. To learn how to perform automated data backup using free files sync 7.1 Backup Storage Backup storage are storage device, medium or facility that is used store backup data. This can be scale from an external hard disk, to facility like cloud storage. It is important for us to have a backup of our personal data in the case of unexpected incident happen such as data loss, or corruption. External Hard Disk A small portable backup medium for us to carry our file and data anywhere. Network Attached Storage – NAS A network backup medium that enable us to access our files locally or remotely. It also provides other features such as web server, virtual machine or home entertainment features.

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 39 Enterprise Storage Server A large scale of backup storage that build from several servers for data protection and security. It is usually build by a very large scale company. Cloud Storage Cloud services provide 24/7 availability to data files. It uses as a backup medium for us to store our files in the internet so that the files is available anywhere, anytime.

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 40 7.2 Different Backup Types Full Backup Full backup is referring to a complete set of backup. As the name, this type of backup makes a copy of all data to the backup medium. Because of all the data is backup every time, there is only a minimal time to restore data. However, it takes longer to perform a full backup than other type of backup and it requires more storage space. Example: First day – Full Backup Second day – Full Backup Third day – Full Backup And so on……. Incremental Backup Incremental backup only store the changes file since the last backup. At first, one full backup is done and subsequent backup only store the file that had been modify since the last backup. This result a much faster backup then a full backup for each backup run. The storage space used also much lesser than a full backup and differential backups. Example: First day – Full Backup Second day – Second day backup Third day – Third day backup And so on…….

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 41 Differential Backup Differential backup is similar to incremental backup. With differential backups, one full backup is done first and subsequent backup runs are the changes made since the last full backup. It is much faster than full backup but slower than incremental backup. Example: First day – Full Backup Second day – Second day backup Third day – Second day + Third day backup And so on……. Mirror Backup Mirror backups are as the name suggests a mirror of the source being backed up. With mirror backups, when a file in the source is deleted, that file is eventually also deleted in the mirror backup. Because of this, mirror backups should be used with caution as a file that is deleted by accident or through a virus may also cause the mirror backups to be deleted as well.

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 42 7.3 Common Backup Utilities Free File Sync FreeFileSync is Open Source software, which mean you can download it for free. It is a folder synchronization software that created to manages backup copies of all your important files. This application allows you to setting up automation backup setting, either backup to local network, remote destination, or even backup to cloud

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 43 Cloud Backup - Google Backup and Sync Google Backup and Sync is an application created by Google to allow the users to back up their file from PC to Google Drive. Same goes Microsoft One Drive or any other cloud backup application created by various vendor in the market. If you are using Google Drive very frequent, this is a best software for you to auto sync all your important files on your PC to the drive. You are able to select which folder you want to sync from your PC, and adjust the connection speed threshold so that it won’t affect your internet experience.

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 44 7.4 Perform Automated Data Backup using Free File Sync In this scenario, I will perform backup from folder A with path D:\\Environment\\A, into folder B with path D:\\Environment\\B. Inside folder A, I have created text files named A1.txt, A2.txt and A3.txt. 1. Download Free File Sync at https://freefilesync.org/download.php, and install. 2. You will see two application shortcut name Free File Sync and Real Time Sync on the desktop. 3. Open the Free File Sync application, and insert the folder path into the source and destination column. 4. Click the setting icon on the top right of the application window to enter the synchronization setting.

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 45 5. This is where you can set your backup setting according to what you need. For now, we will select variant “Update”, and left other as default. 6. Upon setup, click the “Synchronize” button to run the backup from folder A to folder B.

ICT Troubleshooting Skills For Home Office 46 7. After that, you will see A1.txt, A2.txt and A3.txt appear in folder B. With this, we had completed our manual backup. Let us proceed to automation backup using Real Time Sync. 8. You need to save a batch file of the Free File Sync backup by clicking the Save as Batch Job icon on the top left corner of the Free File Sync application.