หลักการ แนวคิดและทฤษฎีการบริหารองค์กรทางการศึกษา-สุชาติ เมืองแก้ว-edit2

หลักการ แนวคิด และทฤษฎี การบรหิ ารองค์กรทางการศึกษา Advance and Principles of Theories of Educational Administration ดร.สุชาติ เมืองแกว้ มหาวิทยาลัยนเรศวร 12 สิงหาคม 2564

เอกสารประกอบการบรรยาย ชุดท่ี 1 เรื่อง หลกั การ แนวคดิ และทฤษฎกี ารบริหารองค์กรทางการศึกษา ภายใต้วชิ า หลกั การและทฤษฎชี ้ันสูงทางการบริหารการศึกษา (รหัสวชิ า 1067101) อาจารย์ผู้บรรยาย Advance and Principles of Theories of Education Administration ภาคการศึกษา ดร.สชุ าติ เมืองแก้ว หลกั สูตร ที่ 1/2564 สถานท่ี วนั ที่ 21 สิงหาคม 2564 ปรัชญาดุษฎบี ณั ฑติ (การบริหารการศึกษา) (Ph.D. Educational Administration) มหาวทิ ยาลยั ราชภัฏบุรีรัมย์

หัวข้อบรรยาย • Value of education • Quality of people • Educational working system • Managerial process • Education Administration : meaning, scope and principles • Functions of educational administration • Major tasks for educational administrators • Function of management • Organization and management 3

Creating a Value of Fostering Universal holistic Education core values education 4 • Integrity system • Discipline Promoting value in society leading to • Justice individual and societal transformation Developing values in individuals • Community development • Physical • Emotional • State/National • Intellectual development • Spiritual • Moral • Aesthetic

Quality of people (QOP) Quality of thinking Quality QOP Quality of results of relationship Quality of action 5

ข้นั ตอนการพฒั นาคนตามกระบวนแห่งการสร้างปัญญา Develop Wisdom Knowledge Information Data base Wisdom Building Process 6

ตัวแปรสาคญั ในการสร้างขีด Com. = ƒ (B+C+F+R+T) ความสามารถในการแข่งขัน ขององค์กรทางการศึกษา Where: Com. = Competitiveness (Core factors of B = Better working process competitiveness in C = Creative & cost educational sectors) F = Faster R = Risk awareness T = Technology & Teamwork 7

Education Working System Results Inputs Process Outputs Outcomes Goals • Budget • Teaching Learning • Graduates • Customer’s satisfaction • Staff • Training • Research • Employment rate & • Student • Learning Activities • Publication • Good citizenship Objectives • Equipment • Evaluation • Innovation • Reputation • Facility • Research • Responsiveness • Consult • Practices • Academic activities Efficiency Effectiveness 8

Effectiveness : The ability to produce the desired result or good Efficiency : Using the least amount of resources to accomplish the organization’s goals Management : The process of guiding the development, maintenance, and allocations of resources to attain organizational goals 9

Component of excellence Innovation Excellence Efficiency Management 10

Managerial process มีแนวทางหลกั ดงั นี้ 1 23 4 Anticipating Coordinating and Guiding personal Reviewing results potential problems allocating the through the and making any or opportunities resources needed to implementation necessary changes. and designing plans implement plans. process. to deal with them. 11

Definition of Educational administration is enables the right pupils to receive educational the right education from the right administration teachers at a cost without the means of the state under conditions which will enable the pupils to profit by their training. 12

คำนิยำมของ NSSE (National Society for the Study of Education) ไดใ้ หค้ วำมหมำยไวว้ ำ่ Educational Administration is a social statesmanship which guides educational activities, plan, programmes and facilities and provide leadership in a long term broad social perspective. 13

6 Principles of educational administration Structural Operation Justice perspective Prudence Adaptability, Equity of Flexibility and opportunity Stability โดยมแี นวทางการบริหารและจัดการในแตล่ ะประเดน็ ดังนี้ 14

1. Structural Perspective 2. Operation • To helps the students as • Listen to the voices future citizens in full filling their needs and • Democracy requirements tending to their self-realization. • Setting the goals, plan Safeguard the and activities government policy and welfare of people. • Speed of change • Mindset and setting the goals. 15

3. Justices 5. Prudence • Faire for all • Care • Do the right thing • Discipline • Rules of Law • Look around 4. Equity of opportunity 6. Adaptability, Flexibility • Choices and Chance and Stability • Open system • Thinking before doing • Alternatives and selectivity • Secure and safety 16

Functions of Educational Administration Educational Administration is expected to perform following functions:- 1. Defines the arms and purpose of education. 2. Frames policies. 3. Lays down the structure of the organization. 4. Prescribes the power and the authority of the position of the organization. 5. Prescribes the duties and responsibilities of the position in the organization. 6. Provides finance and other materials resources. 7. Plans and operate and effective educational programmes. 8. Provides the personnel necessary to run the enterprise smoothly and effectively. 17

Educational 1. Organizational Policies, Culture & Goals 2. Motivation Administration: 3. Leadership 4. Decision Making Concepts and 5. Communication Practices 6. Organizational change 18

7. Government and Education Educational 8. School finance and productivity 9. Legal consideration and education Administration: 10. Curriculum development and implementation Concepts and 11. Analyzing and improving teaching Practices (cont.) 12. Human resource administration 19

Form Major 1. The administrator must fulfill the goals of the organization. Tasks of 2. The administrator must make use of other people in Educational fulfilling these goals, not as if they were machines, Administrators but rather in such a way as to release their initiative and creativity. 3. The administrator must also face humanitarian aspects of the job the wants people who work for him to be happy. This is morale and then they will do better work. 4. The administrator must try to build into his organization provisions for innovations, for change and for development. In a changing world, people must adapt to changing conditions. 20

Luther Gulick and Lyndall Urwick. (1973) : ได้กล่าวว่า การบริหารมี 7 ด้านท่สี าคญั (7 functions of management) 1. Planning POSDCoRB 2. Organizing 3. Staffing 4. Directing 5. Coordinating 6. Reporting 7. Budgeting 21

POSDCoRB 1. Planning: Forecast future actions and direction of the organization. Do the long-term plan, and action plan. 2. Organizing: Establishes the formal structures authority through which work subdivisions are arranged, defined and coordinated to implement the plan. 3. Staffing: Involves the whole personnel function of selecting, training, and developing the staff and maintaining favorable working conditions. 22

POSDCoRB 4. Directing (Leading): (cont.) Making-decision, Communication and implementing decision and evaluating subordinates properly. 5. Coordinating: Involves all activities and efforts needed to bind together the organization in order to achieve a common goal. 6. Reporting: Verifies progress through records, research, and inspection ensures that thing happen according to plan: to take any corrective action when necessary, responsible informed. 23

7. Budgeting: concerns all activities that accompany budgeting, including, fiscal planning, accounting and control. POSDCoRB (cont.) 24

Organization Mission Vision, Goals Strategy Action Plan & Policies Implementation Review & Feed back (Report) Evaluation Workflow of Organization 25

Principle of Planning Management and Organization Management Functions Controlling Organizing Directing Staffing 26

Organization & Management Organization Management Organization and Management 27

Organization and Management Inputs Process Outputs Outcomes Resources • Planning Products and Enhance • Manpower • Organizing services to quality of life • Money • Motivating the market or productivity • Materials • Controlling for customers • Equipment (with results • Facilities meaningful and measurable Feed back • Influence from the government • Society • Economics and • Technologies 28

2. Organizing 3. Staffing 1. Planning 4. Leading Features of 5. Control Organization 6. Time Managing Management 7. Motivation 29

Essential Features of Sound Organization • Executive Board • Environment • Customers ORGANIZATION • Policies • Supplies • Resources • Knowledge/Innovation • Management • Business • Services • Support system • Planning • Strategies • Leadership • Marketing • Sales • Results • Performances • Teamwork • Solutions • Career • Human Resources Development 30

What is cognitional development? When is the organization ready for development? Step 1. Dissatisfied with the current scenario Step 2. Suggesting changes Step 3. Applying the process 31

Good management consists of these four activities Planning Leading Organizing Controlling • Set objective and state • Lead and motivate • Design jobs and specify • Measure performance mission employees to tasks accomplish • Examine alternatives organizational goals. • Create organizational • Compare performance structure to standards • Determine needed • Communicate with resources employee • Staff positions • Take necessary action to improve performance • Create strategies to • Resolve conflicts • Coordinate work reach objectives activities • Lead organizational to • Manage change efficiency and • Set policies and effectiveness procedures • Lead achievement of • Allocate resources organizational to mission and objectives 32

คุณลกั ษระสาคญั ของ Leadership ทางการศึกษา CORE TRAITS KEY ACTION 1. Achievement drive • High Level of effort • High level of ambition 2. Leadership motivation • Energy and initative • Future looking 3. Honest and integrity 4. Self-confidence • An intense desire to lead others • To reach shared goals • Team building • Trustworthy, reliable and open • Ethics • Belief in one’s self, ideas and ability 33

คุณลกั ษระสาคญั ของ Leadership ทางการศึกษา (ต่อ) CORE TRAITS KEY ACTION 5. Cognitive ability • Conceptually skills • Strong analytical abilities 6. Emotional maturity • Good Judgement 7. Others • Well adjusted • Do not suffer server psychological disorders • Flexibility • Creativity • Friendly 34

ตวั แปรต้นของความ L = ƒ (V C H S) เป็ นผู้นา Where : (Key variables of leadership) L = Leadership V = Vision & Values C = Communication & Creativity H = Hard working & Honest S = Strategic planning & Self-study 35

Core values of educational administrators: BRAIN BRAIN : stand for B : Best & Bright R : Responsibility A : Attitude I : Initiative N : Network & New technology 36

Organization as Iceberg Visible Aspects - Strategies - Objectives - Policies & procedures - Structure - Technology - Formal authority - Chain of command Hidden Aspects - Attitudes - Perceptions - Group norms - Informal interaction - Interpersonal and intergroup conflict 37

7 Traits an 1. Effective communicators 2. Accountable and responsible effective 3. Long-term thinker leader 4. Self-motivated 5. Confident 6. People-oriented 7. Emotionally stable 38

Discussion Topics 1. What is the purpose of education? 2. How should education contribute to community, state, and national development? 3. Who should control education? 4. What managers should do and why? 5. What is the difference between efficiency and effectiveness? 6. What is the role of management and Educational Administration? 39

Thank you