DHIYA NABILLA S_UAS PENGANTAR ARKEO

Departemen Arkeologi Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Gadjah Mada STUDENT PORTOFOLIO Pengantar Arkeologi Dra. Djaliati Sri Nugrahani, M.A. Dhiya Nabilla Susatyo 20/455923/SA/20181 2020 Picture from :https://unsplash.com/s/photos/excavation-site

TABLE OF CONTENTS 01 WHAT IS ARCHAEOLOGY? DID THE ALIENS BUILD THE BOROBUDUR TEMPLE? Archaeology is the study of the ancient and 02 recent human past through material THE REVITALIZATION AND remains. CONSERVATION OF FORT WILLEM II Archaeology analyzes the physical remains of 03 the past in pursuit of a PERANGKAT PERUNDANGAN broad and PERATURAN DAERAH NOMOR 9 comprehensive TAHUN 2019 TENTANG : PELESTARIAN understanding of human DAN PENGELOLAAN CAGAR BUDAYA culture 04 -Society for American EXPLORING THE HISTORICAL OBJECTS Archeology- OF SAMUDERA PASAI 05 ARCHAEOLOGICAL TREND PUBLIC ARCHAEOLOGY 2020 Picture from:https://rashid-international.org/babylon/

PAGE 1 DID ALIENS BUILD THE Borobudur Temple? Borobudur is an ancient Buddhist temple in Magelang, Central Java and it is one of the seven wonders of the world. You may have heard the rumors and the conspiracy theories about how this majestic temple was built. The most popular theory is that Solomon and his jinn built the temple. But, have you ever heard the theory that the Borobudur was built by the aliens, and is it true? Let's find out! Conspiracy theorists believe it was built by aliens and The arrangement of the stones was built following the arrangement of stones in Borobudur Temple is the the conception of the Universe in Buddhist axis for aliens' ships to land and take flight, because of cosmology. It is believed that the universe is its upward shape in the middle. They also believe that divided into three superimposing spheres, it was a dormant ancient alien ship. But those theories kamadhatu, rupadhatu, and arupadhatu. are not true, Why? The truth is that Borobudur was built in the 8th and 9th From that, we can conclude that Borobudur was centuries AD during the reign of the Sailendra Dynasty. man-made and it wasn’t built by aliens from a One of the evidence is the Tri Tepusan inscription, galaxy far far away. And conspiracy theories like dated 842, which mentioned the sima (tax-free land) that actually can bring tourists to visit this amazing temple. So what do you think? Do you think it was īawarded by Çr Kahulunnan (Pramodhawardhani) to built by aliens or human-made it? ū āensure the funding and maintenance of a Kam l n ū ā ūcalled Bh misambh ra. It was suggested that Bh mi :https://www.lonelyplanet.com/indonesia/java/borobudur ā āSambh ra Bhudh ra, which in Sanskrit means \"the mountain of combined virtues of the ten stages of Boddhisattvahood\", was the original name of Borobudur.

PAGE 2 THE REVITALIZATION AND CONSERVATION OF Fort Willem II Fort Willem II was built by the Dutch in 1786 to maintain peace along a trade route in Central Java. It is located in Ungaran, in the Semarang Regency, Central Java. The fort is also the place where Prince Diponegoro was imprisoned while waiting for his judgment in Batavia and further exile to Makassar. After Indonesia Indepence, it was used briefly by TNI before it was transferred to POLRI. In 2007 Semarang Regency Government planned to revitalize the fort as a tourism spot. However, problems arose because the building was used as a dormitory for the POLRI. In 2007 the Semarang Regency Government gave compensation to the 16 families living in the fort to move out. In 2008-2009 the local government allocated APBN budget to revitalize the fort, however this plan can’t be implemented due to the building ownership issues. The fort belongs to POLRI therefore the local government cannot revitalize and conserve the building thus the fort was neglected. Eventually in 2011, POLRI carried out the conservation and revitalizations which ended in August 2011. The methods of conservation used in this fort is adaptation because currently the building functions as part of a society rather than staying as an empty ‘sculpture’. The west wing of the port now is used as a clinic and the few buildings are used by POLRI as dormitories for police officers and offices for “resimen mobile” police. The building also can be used as a meeting hall and it’s open to the public. Unfortunately, in the adaptation process, changes in structure and layout of the fort have been made by adding a new building and a well where Prince Diponegoro once took wudhu have been removed. Because of those changes, the authenticity of the building is lowered. mages from: Before After ttps://www.dictio.id/t/apa-yang-anda-ketahui-tentang-benteng-willem-ii-ungaran/98774 ttps://www.indonesiana.id/read/139854/sejarah-fort-de-ontmoeting-oenarang-11-mei-1746

PAGE 3 PERANGKAT PERUNDANGAN Peraturan Daerah Nomor 9 Tahun 2019 Tentang : Pelestarian Dan Pengelolaan Cagar Budaya Di Kabupaten Semarang peraturan daerah yang yang mengatur mengenai Cagar Budaya adalah Peraturan Daerah Nomor 9 Tahun 2019 Tentang : Pelestarian Dan Pengelolaan Cagar Budaya. Peraturan ditetapkan oleh Bupati Semarang, Mundjirin dan diundangkan oleh Sekretaris Daerah Kabupaten Semarang Gunawan Wibisono pada tanggal 26 Desember 2019. Pada tanggal ini juga peraturan tersebut mulai diberlakukan. Pemerintah Daerah bertanggung jawab dalam pengaturan, pelindungan, pengembangan, dan pemanfaatan cagar budaya dengan meningkatkan peran serta masyarakat dan dunia usaha dan berdasarkan ketentuan Pasal 96 Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2010 tentang Cagar Budaya, Pemerintah Daerah berwenang untuk menetapkan peraturan pengelolaan cagar budaya. Perda ini diberlakukan di wilayah Kabupaten Semarang, Jawa Tengah. Dasar Hukum Peraturan Daerah ini adalah : Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 Pasal 18 ayat (6); UU No 13 Tahun 1950; UU No 67 Tahun 1958; UU No 11 Tahun 2010; UU No 23 Tahun 2014 sebagaimana telah beberapa kali diubah terakhir dengan UU No 9 Tahun 2015; UU No 5 Tahun 2017; PP No 16 Tahun 1976; PP No 69 Tahun 1992; PP No 66 Tahun 2015; Perda Prov. Jateng No 10 Tahun 2013. Dalam Peraturan Daerah ini diatur tentang : Ketentuan Umum; Ruang Lingkup; Kriteria Cagar Budaya; Tugas Dan Wewenang Pemerintah Daerah; Penanganan ODCB (Objek yang Diduga Cagar Budaya); Registrasi Cagar Budaya; Tim Ahli Cagar Budaya; Pemilikan Dan Penguasaan; Pelestarian Cagar Budaya; Penyimpanan Dan Pemanfaatan Cagar Budaya Di Museum; Pengelolaan Cagar Budaya; Kompensasi Dan Insentif; Pendanaan; Ketentuan Peralihan; Ketentuan Penutup.

PAGE 4 EXPLORING THE HISTORICAL OBJECTS OF Samudera Pasai lleB Cakra Donya bell was a diplomatic gift from Zheng He during aynoD arkaC his voyage in the 15th century to Samudera Pasai. It is shaped like a stupa and was made in 1409 AD. After Samudera Pasai was conquered by Sultan Ali Mughayatsyah in 1542 AD, the bell was confiscated and brought to Banda Aceh in the Aceh Darussalam Kingdom. During the reign of Sultan Iskandar Muda (1607-1636), the bell was installed at the stern of Aceh's mother ship, Cakra Donya. After being retired from the ship, the bell was moved in front of Darud Dunia palace complex, and in 1915 then the bell was moved to Negeri Aceh Museum. The gold coins of Samudera Pasai or locally known as Samudera Pasai deueruham (dirham) was first issued as the official currency Dirham during the reign of Sultan Muhammad Malik al-Tahir (1297- mages from: 1326) until the reign of Sultan Zain al-Abidin (1513-1524). ttps://www.thejakartapost.com/life/2018/07/28/aceh-cultural-fair-to-showcase-samudera-pase-collection.html Dirham issued by the Samudera Pasai Kingdom generally has ttps://publoe.blogspot.com/2016/04/lonceng-cakra-donya.html a round shape with uneven edges, there are small dots ttps://digitarq.arquivos.pt/details?id=3908238 around the side of the coin, and there is an inscription in Arabic on both sides of the coin. On every dirham issued by the ruling sultan (except for Sultan Salah al-Din (1405-1412) dan Sultan Zain al-Abidin (1513-1524) there is a mention of sultan title ‘Malik at-Tahir’ on one side and there is an inscription of al-sultan al-adil written on the other side. tpircsunaM retteLThis letter was written by Sultan Zainal Abidin before he died nidibA laniaZ natluS in 1518 AD and was addressed to Captain Moran, the representative of the King of Portuguese in Melaka. It is written in Arabic and in the style of khath ta’liq/nasta’liq. The sultan wrote this letter to report several arbitrary acts committed by the Portuguese in his territory. This arbitrariness was detrimental to Bandar Syumuthrah (Sumatra) and injured his relationship with the Portuguese. The letter also explained about the state of Samudera Pasai in the 16th century and the last state of the kingdom after the Portuguese conquered Malacca in 1511 AD.

PAGE 5 ARCHAEOLOGICAL TREND Public Archaeology The archaeological research trend that I Why am I interested in public archaeology? It's because I want to bring archaeology to the largest public choose and prefer is public archaeology. possible and bridge the gap between the very academic discipline of archaeology and being able to Public archaeologists investigate the put it into the public space. I think that although there is an effort from the government and archaeologists to outcomes of the various innovative ways we make history and archaeology more public-friendly by holding seminars, festivals, or having or promoting can engage the public in archaeological museum exhibitions, sometimes holding those things aren’t enough to attract the public. That’s because research, both within archaeology and in history and archaeology sometimes are perceived as a boring and complicated subject by the general public. terms of public awareness. There are I want people to know that archaeology is for different areas of specialization within public everyone, a museum visit isn't always boring, and to know that you can learn archaeology in a fun way. I archaeological practice, such as heritage want people to know that learning about the past is beneficial and preserving the past is as important as education, cultural resource management saving the future. (CRM), interpretation, museum studies, descendant collaboration, ethics, and cultural tourism, among others. There are also different research objectives including educational archaeology, archaeology activism, community archaeology, civically- engaged archaeology, and the archaeology of social justice. mage: https://jeff-patt-park.livejournal.com/33273.html

REFRENCES : 1. Aceh, M. (2019, July 18). Kajian Surat Sultan Zainal 'Abidin (Wafat 923 H/1517 M). Sultan terakhir yang bertahta di Kota Sumatra. Retrieved December 24, 2020, from https://www.mapesaaceh.com/2019/07/kajian-surat-sultan-zainal-abidin-wafat.html 2. Centre, U. (n.d.). Borobudur Temple Compounds. Retrieved December 24, 2020, from https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/592/ 3. Conservation & Revitalization of Historic Buildings. (n.d.). Retrieved December 24, 2020, from http://minisite.proj.hkedcity.net/hkiakit/eng/LS/lesson_8.html 4. Hilpern, K. (2011, September 22). Archaeology: It's not just about digging! Retrieved December 24, 2020, from https://www.independent.co.uk/student/magazines/archaeology-its-not-just- about-digging-415580.html 5. Indonesia, C. (2019, October 09). Misteri Alien di Candi Borobudur dan Gua Kontilola. Retrieved December 24, 2020, from https://www.cnnindonesia.com/gaya-hidup/20191009143055-269- 438075/misteri-alien-di-candi-borobudur-dan-gua-kontilola 6. INI BARU Indonesia. (2019, December 03). Benteng Willem II Ungaran, dari Bekas Penjara hingga Barak Bintara. Retrieved December 24, 2020, from https://www.inibaru.id/adventurial/benteng-willem-ii-ungaran-dari-bekas-penjara-hingga- barak-bintara 7. Purnawibowo, Stanov. 2018. “Deureuham Dan Aktivitas Perdagangan Maritim Di Samudera Pasai”. Berkala Arkeologi Sangkhakala 12 (24). Medan, Indonesia, 210-18. https://doi.org/10.24832/bas.v12i24.220. 8. Putra, H. (2017, December 30). Cakra Donya, Lonceng Persahabatan dan Keberagaman dari Tiongkok. Retrieved December 24, 2020, from http://kesbangpol.bandaacehkota.go.id/2017/12/30/cakra-donya-lonceng-persahabatan- dan-keberagaman-dari-tiongkok/ 9. Tim JDIH Bagian Hukum Kabupaten Seamrang. (2020, February 17). Peraturan Daerah Nomor 9 Tahun 2019 Tentang : Pelestarian Dan Pengelolaan Cagar Budaya. Retrieved December 24, 2020, from http://jdih.semarangkab.go.id/site/produk_hukum/1011/pelestarian_dan_pengelolaan_cagar_ budayaWalubi. 10. \"Borobudur: Candi Berbukit Kebajikan\". Archived from the original on 3 July 2010. Retrieved 24 December 2020. 11. What is Public Archaeology? (n.d.). Retrieved December 24, 2020, from https://www.saa.org/education-outreach/public-outreach/what-is-public-archaeology 12. W. ., P. Astuti, and W. Widayati, \"EVALUASI KEBIJAKAN REVITALISASI BANGUNAN CAGAR BUDAYA BENTENG WILLEM II UNGARAN KABUPATEN SEMARANG,\" Journal of Politic and Government Studies, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 296-310, Sep. 2014. [Online]. 13. Yana, M. (2017). Local Media in Aceh; A Brief Political-Economics A Cross-Culture Study on Symbolic Interaction Between China and Aceh. At-Tanzir: Jurnal Ilmiah Prodi Komunikasi Penyiaran Islam, , 150 - 160. Retrieved from https://ejournal.staindirundeng.ac.id/index.php/tanzir/article/view/73

2020 Departemen Arkeologi Universitas Gadjah Masa