PPT for Chapter 2

Chapter 2: Strategies for Reading Academic Text

Answer the following questions on Padlet Contoso 2 Suites

Effective ways to read academic texts 1. highlighting, 2. annotating, and 3. outlining Contoso 3 Suites

 To begin with, they can color the emphasized statement with highlighting or underlining those interesting keywords or phrases to make some notes. Master and Ph.D. students have been acquired to read various academic genres. It is necessary to gain insight into published research genres. Then, they can do annotation of bibliography with own words to reveal more detail information and reflect their acquisition from the sources. Furthermore, it is worth to do outlining before writing your research report. Contoso 4 Suites

•10 to 15 % Poor highlighted text highlight of the whole text Contoso 5 Suites

Comparison Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Contoso Suites Competitive Service • Nulla a erat eget nunc hendrerit ultrices eu nec nulla. • Praesent venenatis quam tortor, viverra nunc rutrum. Donec viverra leo aliquet, auctor quam id, convallis orci. • Maecenas malesuada ultricies sapien sit amet pharetra. • Sed in molestie est. Cras ornare turpis at ligula posuere, sit • Nunc tempus, risus sodales hendrerit, arcu dolor commodo amet accumsan neque lobortis. libero, a sollicitudin quam nulla quis lectus. In at porta • Maecenas mattis risus ligula, sed ullamcorper nunc efficitur mauris. sed. Contoso 6 Suites

Annotating highlight, underline, and note-taking in the textual margins Contoso 7 Suites

Annotated • An annotated bibliography is a list of bibliography brief information from the sources, which the students read. The designated information will be represented in a descriptive paragraph, evaluative paragraph, and annotation with citation. This seems worth to illustrate whether those lists of the information contribute to ones’ related topic, accuracy, and quality of the sources (Engle, 2019). Contoso 8 Suites

Laksom, N., Praphan, P. W., & Chaiyasuk, I., (2013). The effects of genre-based approach on teaching sales promotion letter writing. R.MU.J. (Humanities and Social Sciences), 7,2, 19-29. Example 1 “The researchers compiled the effect of GBA on teaching sales promotion letter writing a course for 20 second-year undergraduate majoring in Accounting in a Thai university. Three lessons of sales promotion setter writing by using GBA instructional model with a 15-hour of three stages of teaching and learning cycle (modeling, agreement of joint construction of a text, and independent construction) aim to improve students’ writing ability. The findings revealed that students' writing ability in sales promotional letters increasingly improved after learning the GBA instructional model.” Contoso 9 Suites

Tuan, L. T. (2011). Teaching writing through genre-based approach. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 1,11, 1471-178. Doi: 10.430/ tpls.1.11.1471-1478. “Tuan (2011) examined the effect of GBA intervention on 45 first-year undergraduates studying in an experimental writing course in Ho Chi Minh City University. The researcher used the teaching and learning cycle of genre pedagogy in the class to give students write their biographical recount genre. Students had gained to perform their essays with three Example 2 criteria of textual analysis (social purpose, a schematic structure of the recount genre, and language features of the recount genre). The results demonstrated that most students could be deployed succeCssfounllytoinstohe key Suites 10 features of their writing essay.

• Instructions: Choose one of the articles A - D (see Appendix), read and do the 150-word annotation with the guided information provided. Exercise I: 1. Article Title: 2. Book/ Journal title: Writing 3. Keywords: 4. Author(s): Annotated 5. Published year: Bibliography 6. Rationale/background/contextualization: (25 minutes) 7. Literature review: 1.Theoretical framework Contoso 11 2. Related studies Suites 8. Methodology: 1.Participants 2.Setting 3.Instruments 4.Statistical analysis 5.Procedure 9. Findings: 10.Limitation/ suggestion: Reference:

Assignment 1: • Instructions: After choosing the topic Annotated you are interested in, you need to consider the related studies or Bibliography theories from reliable sources to write a literature review in your Date submission: research report. Week 8 (14th Oct. 2019) • To do so, you will be assigned to select five research articles about your topic to do annotated bibliography based on the guided information. The template will be provided on Facebook. • The date submission is on week 8. Contoso 12 Suites

Outlining • Outline is an effective dynamic procedure for literacy skills. you need to draw an outline of text organization for prewriting stage of your research report. • Therefore, you may include more detail in introduction, body, and conclusion of the essay. Contoso 13 Suites

Examples of Outline (i) Social impacts • increase in variety of jobs available • price inflation • new range of business opportunities (ii) Cultural impacts • new patterns of dress and behaviour may cause problems • market for traditional crafts and/or rituals grows (iii) Environmental impacts • increased pressure on limited resources, e.g. water • loss of natural habitat to building projects • provision of new infrastructure, e.g. roads Contoso 14 Suites

Exercise II: • Instructions: Read the article E and Drawing an Outline draw the outline into the template. The article and template are (15 minutes) provided on pubhtml5 application. Contoso 15 Suites

Contoso 16 Suites

Exercise I: Identifying Audience Instructions: Read the excerpts below and discuss whom the texts were written for. Sentence numbers have been added here. Then, answer these questions: what aspects of each text helped you decide the audience? In what kind of publication would you expect to find these texts? Text A Text B People have been pulling freshwater out of the oceans for Reverse osmosis (RO) membrane systems are often used centuries using technologies that involve evaporation, which leaves for seawater and brackish water desalination.1 The systems the salts and other unwanted constituents behind.1 Salty source are typically installed as a network of modules that must be water is heated to speed evaporation, and the evaporated water is designed to meet the technical, environmental, and then trapped and distilled.2 This process works well but requires economic requirements of the separation process.2 The large quantities of heat energy, and costs have been far too high complete optimization of an RO network includes the for nearly all but the wealthiest nations, such as Kuwait and Saudi optimal design of both the individual module structure and Arabia.3 One exception is the island of Curaçao in the Netherlands the network configuration.3 For a given application, the Antilles, which has provided continuous municipal supplies using choice and design of a particular module geometry desalination since 1928.4 To make the process more affordable, depends on a number of factors, including ease and cost of modern distillation plants recycle heat from the evaporation step.5 module manufacture, energy efficiency, fouling tendency, A potentially cheaper technology called membrane desalination required recovery, and capital cost of auxiliary equipment.4 may expand the role of desalination worldwide, which today With suitable transport equations to predict the physical accounts for less than 0.2 percent of the water withdrawn from performance of the membrane module, it should be natural sources.6 Membrane desalination relies on reverse possible to obtain an optimal module structure for any osmosis—a process in which a thin, semipermeable membrane is given application (Maskan et al., 2000).5 placed between a volume of saltwater and a volume of freshwater.7 The water on the salty side is highly pressurized to Contoso 17 drive water molecules, but not salt and other impurities, to the Suites pure side.8 In essence, this process pushes freshwater out of saltwater (Martindale, 2001).9

Instructions: Answer these questions below. 1. Which text is more academic in terms of vocabulary? _____________________________________________________________________________ 2. Which text gives more explanation of background knowledge? _____________________________________________________________________________ 3. Where are the definitions of reverse osmosis placed in the texts? Do these definitions differ? _____________________________________________________________________________ Contoso 18 Suites

Purpose (and Strategy) • The interrelationship of audience, purpose, and strategy are typically presented in the academic literacy world. • Sometimes, as a graduate student writer, the audience can recognize more information than the writer, so the writer’s purpose is generally to show familiarity, expertise, and intelligence. • In contrast, if the audience knows less than the writer, his purpose is often instructional (as in a textbook). The point is that what strategy/or strategies can a graduate student use to make a successful display. Read the situation on worksheet page 9 toC1o1n. toso 19 Suites

Exercise II: Identifying Purpose (and Strategy) read the situation in the worksheet. • To identify the purpose, you can consider the case of an international student, Sam, studying in a master’s program. • He has nearly finished his a short five-page assignment focusing on the impact of video games on the cognitive development of children in the United States. • The deadline is approaching, and there is no more time for further data analysis. • He wants to make a good impression with his concluding paragraph. He believes (rightly) that final impressions are important. • Sam (quite appropriately) begins his last paragraph by reminding his audience (i.e., his instructor) of what he has done in the paper.Contoso 20 Suites

Organization • As you are already familiar with external organization features, such as chapters, sections, and paragraphs, there are also the various approaches to internal organization. • This pattern usually has four parts: • situation, • problem, • solution, and • evaluation Contoso 21 (HoeSyu,i 1t e9s83)

Look at your worksheet Exercise III on page 12 Instructions: Read the problem - solution essay, identify the pattern of organization (situation, problem, solution, and evaluation) and answer the following questions. • situation, Sentences: • problem, Sentences: • solution, and Sentences: • Evaluation Sentences: Contoso 22 Suites

Look at your worksheet Exercise IV on page 14 Instructions: Read the text and answer the following questions. Contoso 23 Suites

Style • One important point is how the textual convention you create is considered academic. • contractions (e.g., won’t) can be used in Philosophy but are not widely used in many other fields. • Based on disciplinary variation, personal pronoun I might be used in Philosophy rather than Computer Science. Contoso 24 Suites

The Vocabulary Shift—Verbs Expressing an action between a phrasal (verb + particle) or prepositional verb (verb + preposition) and a single verb in English There is a tendency for academic writers to use a single verb when possible in written academic style. • Given our fast-paced society, • Given our fast-paced society, people must routinely put people must routinely creative solutions to implement creative solutions to unexpected problems into unexpected problems. practice. Contoso 25 Suites

Exercise V: Identifying Style-Verb • Instructions: Choose a word in the box provided to replace each italicized verb to reduce the informality of the sentence. Change tense form appropriately in each context. Contoso 26 Suites

The Vocabulary Shift— Noun a plenty of long noun phrases will carry a lot of meaning in a compact form The emergence of English as the international language of scientific communication has been widely documented. Contoso 27 Suites

Exercise VI: Identifying Style- Noun Instructions: Underline the appropriate words/ phases for academic writing paper. Look on pages 19-24. Contoso 28 Suites

The End Contoso 29 Suites

Thank You