body systems flipbook sahasra guvvala

body systems sahasra guvvala 4a

table of contents integumentary musculoskeletal nervous special senses cardiovascular respiratory digestive urinary reproductive citations

vocabulary diseases skin; body's outer covering, protects against heat and light, basal cell carcinoma: cancer that grows on injury, & infection parts of your skin that get a lot of sun hair; threadlike epidermal appendage that has keratinized dead squamous cell carcinoma: form of skin cancer that develops in the squamous cells that make cells extruding from dividing basal layer up the middle and outer layers of the skin nail; a hardened or horny cutaneous plate overlying the dorsal melanoma: occurs when the surface of the distal end of a finger or toe pigment-producing cells that give color to the integumentary skin become cancerous keragin; type of protein found on epithelial cells eczema: allergic reaction that manifests as dry, dermis; middle layer of skin, contains glands, nerve endings, & itchy patches of skin that resemble rashes blood vessels epidermis; outer layer of skin key terms sweat glands; small tubular structures of the skin that produce derm/o, dermat/o: skin sweat. kerat/o: “horny” tissue subcutaneous layer; innermost layer of the skin xer/o: dry, dryness xanth/o: yellow, yellowish eczema; condition that makes your skin red and itchy erythr/o: red/red blood cell acne; skin condition that occurs when hair follicles plug with oil pedicu/o: body louse onych/o: fingernail/toenail careers and dead skin cells function myc/o: fungus cosmetics: treat patients with surgery or pil/o: hair the integumentary injecting botulinum toxins(botox) into system protects the lip/o: fatty, lipid body’s tissues/organs, rhytid/o: wrinkle patients to get rid of wrinkles and protects against outside organisms, and keeps us albin/o: white smooth out the face from being dehydrated esthetician: focus on maintaining a healthy and aesthetically pleasing epidermis

musculoskeletal diseases vocabulary arthritis: swelling and tenderness of one or compact bone; hard, dense bone tissue, usually found around more joints the outer portion of the bones osteoporosis: bone disease that occurs disc; flat, round, plate-like structure when the body loses too much bone, flexion; decreasing angle between two bones, bending a limb makes too little bone, or both striated muscle; skeletal muscle osteomalacia: marked softening of bones, suture; immovable joint between bones, such as the skull most often caused by severe vitamin D deficiency tendon; connective tissue that binds muscles to bones tendonitis: inflammation of a tendon sinus; hollow air cavity within a bone key terms visceral muscle; muscle connected to internal organs; involuntary or smooth muscle my/o; medical term yellow bone marrow; fatty tissue found in the medullary cavity myel/o; marrow or “of the spinal cord” of most adult long bones oste/o; bone sella turcica; depression in the sphenoid bone where the pituitary gland is located cost/o; ribs careers function crani/o; cranium (skull) -pexy; surgical fixation / suspension orthopedist: specialize in treating the the musculoskeletal musculoskeletal system; they may specialize system provides form, chondr/o; cartilage support, stability, and arthr/o; joint in areas such as sports medicine or hand movement to the body. surgery. -plegia; paralysis / stroke athletic trainers: diagnose and treat injuries caused by stress to the musculoskeletal system. they also teach injury prevention methods to athletes and other people who work in physically-demanding jobs. kinesi/o; motion

nervous diseases vocabulary function alzheimer’s disease: progressive disease that peripheral nervous system; section of the nervous system lying destroys memory and other important mental outside the brain and spinal cord the nervous system is involved in receiving functions dendrite; short fiber that conducts toward the cell body of the neuron information about the bell’s palsy: sudden weakness in the muscles neuron; cell that is specialized to conduct nerve impulses environment around us and generating responses to on one half of the face axon; long nerve fiber that conducts impulses away from a cell cerebral palsy: group of disorders that affect a central nervous system; portion of the vertebrate nervous system that information. person's ability to move and maintain balance consisting of the brain and spinal cord and posture glia; sustentacular tissue that surrounds and supports neurons in the epilepsy: disorder in which nerve cell activity in central nervous system; glial and neural cells together compose the the brain is disturbed, causing seizures tissue of the central nervous system key terms nervous system; sensory and control apparatus consisting of a network of nerve cells neur/o; nerve, nerve tissue, the nervous system cell; basic structural and functional unit of all organisms nerve; bundle of fibers running to organs and tissues of body encephal/o; brain sympathetic; in the thoracic and lumbar parts of the spinal cord, myel/o; bone marrow / spinal cord mobilizes body systems during activity. ambul/o; walk -esthesia; sensibility careers mening/o; meninges psychobiologist: studies the neural basis psych/o; mind of behavior. concuss/o; shaken together, violently psychiatrist: M.D. who diagnoses and agitated treats mental disorders.

special diseases vocabulary senses deafness: partial / total inability to hear special sense receptors; large complex sensory organs or sensory processing disorder: condition that exists when sensory signals don't get organized localized clusters of receptors into appropriate responses accessory structures; Includes the extrinsic eye muscle, cataracts: clouding area over front part of eye microphthalmia: eye abnormality where one or eyelids, conjunctiva, and lacrimal apparatus both eyeballs are abnormally small eyelids; protect the eyes anteriorly key terms canthus; medial and lateral commissure; corners of the eye tympan/o; eardrum, tympanites, or eyelashes; project from the border of each eyelid tympanic membrane tarsal glands; modified sebaceous glands associated with the -metry; relating to measurement eyelid edges function irid/o; iris conjunctiva; lines the eyelids and covers part of the outer the principle function of the -cusis; hearing problem surface of the eyeball special sensory receptors is to -opia; defects in the eye conjunctivitis; inflammation of the conjunctiva detect environmental stimuli ot/o; ear pinkeye; infectious form of conjunctivitis and transduce their energy ophthalm/o; eye / eyeball into electrical impulses. lacrimal apparatus; consists of the lacrimal gland and a number of ducts that drain the lacrimal secretions into the nasal cavity careers optometrists: perform eye exams, diagnose eye conditions, and prescribe treatment for disorders or diseases hearing therapist: medical specialist who provides rehabilitation services to people who have lost their hearing or who have limited hearing

vocabulary cardiovascular diseases aorta; largest artery in the body arteriole; small artery coronary artery disease: narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries artery; largest type of blood vessel; carries blood away from heart to all parts of the body cardiac arrest: abrupt loss of heart function in a person who may or may not have diagnosed atrioventricular node; specialized muscle fibers connecting the heart disease atria with the ventricles and transmitting electrical impulses between them arrhythmia: condition where the heart can beat too fast, too slowly, or with an irregular rhythm bundle of his; specialized muscle fibers connecting atria with pericardial disease: inflammation of any of the ventricles and transmitting electrical impulses between them. layers of the pericardium atrium; one of two upper chambers of the heart function key terms atria; one of two upper chambers of the heart. the primary function of the -emia; presence of capillary; smallest blood vessel. materials pass to and from the heart and blood vessels is to substance in blood transport oxygen, nutrients, bloodstream through the thin capillary walls cardi/o; heart and byproducts of angi/o; blood or lymph carbon dioxide; gas released by body cells, transported via metabolism vessels veins to the heart, and then to the lungs for exhalation hem/o, hemat/o; blood coronary arteries; blood vessels that branch from the aorta and brady-; slow tachy-; fast carry oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle thromb/o; blood clot leuk/o; white careers erythr/o; red arteri/o; artery cardiovascular technician: perform tests like echocardiograms & electrocardiograms to determine specific issues related to diminished performance of the heart clinical cardiac perfusionist: during surgery, they use a special technique to stop the heart so that the surgeon can make the repair

respiratory diseases vocabulary asthma: condition in which your bronchioles; progressively smaller tubular branches of airways airways narrow and swell and may alveoli; tiny sacs of lung tissue specialized for the movement of produce extra mucus gases between air and blood chronic bronchitis: inflammation & cilia; short structures projecting from a cell and containing bundles of microtubules that move a cell through its surroundings or move irritation of bronchial tubes emphysema: condition that causes fluid over the cell's surface mucus; protective secretion of the mucous membranes shortness of breath breathing; passing or able to pass air in & out of lungs normally cystic fibrosis: causes persistent lung respiration; metabolic processes whereby certain organisms obtain infections and limits the ability to energy from organic molecules breathe over time larynx; voice box; passageway for air moving from pharynx to function key terms trachea (contains vocal cords) trachea; one of the tubules forming the respiratory system of most this system helps your pneum/o; lungs, air or gas, respiration, body absorb oxygen or pneumonia insects and many arachnids from the air so your bronchi; passages that branch from trachea & direct air into lungs bronch/o; bronchus / trachea lungs; two spongy organs, located in the thoracic cavity enclosed by organs can work cyan/o; blue the diaphragm and rib cage, responsible for respiration laryng/o; larynx -oxia; oxygen careers oxy-; containing oxygen pleur/o; rib, side, pleura pulmonologist: doctor who diagnoses and pulmon/o; lungs treats diseases of the respiratory system thorac/o; chest respiratory technician: performs chest trache/o; trachea exams & creating a treatment plan to resolve problems & illnesses within lungs

digestive diseases vocabulary lactose intolerance: disorder caused by the digestive tract; series of tube-like organs that’re joined end to end inability to digest lactose, the main large intestine; absorbs extra water from undigested materials carbohydrate in dairy products feces; waste product that has been formed into a soft, solid mass gallstones: hardened deposits of digestive enzymes; special substances that break down some nutrients into fluid that can form in gallbladder smaller particles that the body can use proctitis: condition in which the lining tissue saliva; liquid from salivary glands begins digestion of carbs of the inner rectum becomes inflamed pancreatitis: condition where digestive enamel; outermost layer of a tooth molars; teeth for grinding food enzymes start digesting the pancreas itself premolars; teeth for mashing food key terms incisors; teeth for shredding food canines; teeth for shredding food cholecyst/o; gallbladder careers enter/o; intestine endocrinologists: treat disorders of the col/o, colon/o; colon glandular systems, and often focus on conditions of the liver, pancreas and (large intestine) biliary system that affect digestion. function hepat/o; liver dentist: specializes in diagnosing and gastr/o; stomach treating diseases and disorders of teeth the digestive system works to convert food into energy and basic or/o; mouth and tissues of the oral cavity -pepsia; digestion nutrients to feed the entire body chol/e; bile / gall proct/o; rectum / anus

urinary diseases vocabulary kidney stones: small, hard deposit reabsorption; process whereby renal tubules return materials that forms in the kidneys and is necessary to the body back into the bloodstream often painful when passed cystitis: inflammation of the renal artery; blood vessel that carries blood to the kidney bladder renal pelvis; central collection region in the kidney urinary incontinence: loss of bladder control renal tubules; microscopic tubes in the kidney where urine is interstitial cystitis: chronic formed after filtration problem that causes bladder pain and frequent, urgent urination renal vein; blood vessel that carries blood away from kidney & toward heart function key terms ureter; 1 of 2 tubes leading from kidneys to urinary bladder the urinary system's -pexy; surgical fixation / renin; hormone secreted by the kidney; it raises blood pressure function is to filter blood suspension by influencing vasoconstriction ( narrowing of blood vessels) and create urine as a -ectasis; dilation or distention sodium; electrolyte regulated in blood & urine by kidneys, waste by-product. of tubular structure -lysis: dissolution / needed for proper transmission of nerve impulses, heart activity, destruction of cells and other metabolic functions cyst/o; bladder, sac or cyst trigone; triangular area in the urinary bladder nephr/o; kidney urea; major nitrogenous waste excreted in urine ren/o: kidney -cele; swelling careers -uria; presence in the urine urologic oncologist: treat patients with pyel/o; pelvis surgery or injecting botulinum toxins(botox) into patients to get rid of wrinkles and smooth out the face nephrologist; doctor who specializes in diagnosing & treating disorders of kidney

vocabulary diseases bartholin's glands; glands located on either side of the vaginal endometriosis: condition involving opening that secrete mucus for vaginal lubrication colonization of the abdominopelvic cavity with islands of endometrial benign prostatic hypertrophy; enlargement of the prostate tissue causing the inability to empty the bladder completely prolapsed uterus: pelvic floor muscles and ligaments stretch and breast; either of 2 soft fleshy milk-secreting glandular organs on weaken and no longer provide enough support for the uterus the chest of a woman ovarian cancer: abnormal cells in reproductive ovary begin to multiply out of control epididymis; structure in the male reproductive system in which and form a tumor sperm fully mature and are stored dysmenorrhea: pain with epididymitis; painful inflammation of the epididymis menstruation corpus luteum; endocrine tissue which produces hormones, key terms estrogen, and progesterone which prepares the uterine lining for receiving an embryo cryptorchidism; failure of one or both testes to move into the prostat/o; prostate gland scrotum as the male fetus develops cervic/o; cervix ductus deferens; a duct that carries spermatozoa from the salping/o; tube epididymis to the ejaculatory duct dysmenorrhea ov/o; oocyte / egg endometrium; ( pregnancy) mucous membrane that lines uterus function orchid/o; testicle careers cervix; opening to the uterus oophor/o; ovary the human reproductive men/o; menstruation gynecologist: physician specializing in system works to produce mamm/o; breast gynec/o; woman diseases of the female reproductive human offspring system and surgery of this area obstetrician: physician specializing in colp/o; vagina the diagnosis and management of pregnancy and delivering babies

citations taylor, tim. Integumentary System. 29 July 2020, www.innerbody.com/anatomy/integumentary. clinic, cleveland. Musculoskeletal System. 13 Apr. 2017, my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/12254-musculoskeletal-system-normal-structure--function. Dallas, UT. Traditional Neuroscience Careers. 2019, www.utdallas.edu/~kilgard/neuroscience_careers.htm. Body, Visible. The Five Senses, Visible Body, 2020, www.visiblebody.com/learn/nervous/five-senses. Steinbaum, Suzanne R. “Cardiovascular (Heart) Diseases: Types and Treatments.” WebMD, WebMD, 14 Oct. 2019, www.webmd.com/heart-disease/guide/diseases-cardiovascular. taylor, tim. “Respiratory System: Interactive Anatomy Guide.” Respiratory System, Innerbody, 29 July 2020, www.innerbody.com/anatomy/respiratory. clinic, cleveland. “Structure & Function of the Digestive System: How It Works.” Structure and Function of the Digestive System, Cleveland Clinic, 13 Sept. 2018, my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/7041-the-structure-and-function-of-the-digestive-system. Hopkins, John. “Anatomy of the Urinary System.” Anatomy of the Urinary System | Johns Hopkins Medicine, 2020, www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/anatomy-of-the-urinary-system. staff, mayo clinic. “Ovarian Cancer.” Mayo Clinic, Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 25 July 2019, www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/ovarian-cancer/symptoms-causes/syc-20375941?utm_source=Google.

why i deserve a full score to be quite honest, i don’t really know why i would deserve a full score. although i would like the 100 (very much so), the amount of information i learned from this project is definitely more valuable than the 100 in the gradebook. but i think i deserve the full score because i put effort and really tried my best on this assignment. i could’ve smashed information together and hoped for the best but i didn’t; instead i took the time to actually learn the material and organize it in a form where it would be enjoyable for me and whoever’s grading this to go through. my procrastination did get the best of me at times, and there were times where i felt like pushing everything off and just taking a 0 because i felt like i wasn’t stable enough to put in the effort. but then i reminded myself that it’s okay. things will be better. and i know you probably don’t want to hear about my life problems but honestly, as stressful as this project was, i feel like i worked hard to create this result and gave it my absolute best. i think that’s why i deserve a 100 (only if you want to of course).