Praxis SAU 67 June 2019
We cannot always build the future for our youth, but we can build our youth for the future. Franklin D. Roosevelt In SAU 67 we have three mission statements: Care for Each person Every Day, Focus on Learning and Teach to Touch the Future. In this issue of Praxis (a word meaning turning theory in to ac on) we are going to focus on Teaching to Touch the Future by examining some recent trends, prac ces and issues that affect educa on, young people and society. We cannot educate people for the future by replica ng the past and there are many things that we can- not foresee that will effect our students as they mature. My youngest child is now out of college and many of the topics included in this issue were just be- ginning to surface as I was ac vely paren ng. The concerns of screen me, college affordability, competency learning and vaping, were not really on my radar as I guided my four children through schooling, but they should be on the parental radar screen now. The last topic of how to help young children prepare for school by reading and doing math facts is more meless advice. Please enjoy this issue of Praxis and ponder these paren ng quotes from Google… Dr. C To be in your child's memories tomorrow, you have to be in their lives to- day. Barbara Johnson At the end of the day, the most overwhelming key to a child's success is the posi ve involvement of parents. Jane D. Hull Having children-the responsibility of rearing good, kind, ethical, responsible human beings-is the biggest job anyone can embark on. You have to take a leap of faith and ask lots of people for their help and guidance. Maria Shriver
It’s Always Been About Balance…. ….and that applies to screen time. From the me our students were born “balance,” has been a part of helping them grow. Making sure that their diets are bal- anced - How to get that finicky eater to eat some veggies? Bal- ance between schoolwork, play, chores and plenty of sleep are always at the forefront, and no two families’ choices are exactly the same. As adults we s ll talk about maintaining a work / life balance. Balancing the increasing role of technology in our lives has become very important. Understanding “balance” when it comes to screen me for chil- dren is an area where we need more guidance. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and the World Health Organiza on (WHO) have both put out guidelines to help us understand bal- ance, when it comes to screens. It turns out that it is two fold: both the amount of me and the quality of the screen me. The AAP has provided age span guidelines for suggested amounts of me. They have also pro- vided a tool that families can use to create a digital family plan that is tailored to individual families. h ps://www.healthychildren.org/English/ media/Pages/default.aspx Screen me is separated into distrac ng screen me and engaging screen me. Distrac ng screen me is de- signed to keep the student engaged for as long as it can. When students are asked to leave this type of screen me they may be- come agitated and emo onal. Engaging screen me is designed with natural breaks and is easier for students to disengage from. You can read more about this in depth in an ar cle at the end of this publica on.
Financing College vs. Making College Affordable There are all types of tools to help families finance college. Scholarships, grants, federal loans, and parent loans make up a few of the tools available to students and their families. College debt now surpasses all credit card debt. This impacts young adults’ abili es to become financial-ly secure, buy housing and start families. The default on college loans is increasing and college loans maintain a specific status that does not allow the student to shed that debt. One of the key issues with college debt is its silence. Filling out your student’s FAFSA form automa cally starts the loan process. Schools automa cally apply available loans to your student’s account. Students and parents see this process through a different lens, called the financial aide pack-age. Important note, it is not always clear what items on the financial aide le er are loans. Some of these loans start accumula ng interest as soon as they are applied and some post-pone interest un l gradua on. This is the silent part, the loans sit there in the back ground for four years. At gradua on the student receives an email that outlines what they owe and when the repayment will start, usually six months a er gradua ng. It is usually at this point that the debt becomes very clear. It is very important for every student and family to keep student debt in mind when selec ng a program or college pathway. There are many op ons to make college more affordable and helping students to incur less debt. A key ques on to ask about financial aid Direct Subsidized Loans:[Current 5.05%] Lower in- packages; Think about the four (or more) come families qualify. No interest is accrued while in school/deferment. Interest and loan payback start years of college. a er gradua on. Do you prac ce front‐loading of grants? If Direct Unsubsidized Loans: [Current 5.05%] Interest yes, how much will grants change each year, starts to accrue when the loan is taken out. If a loan if the family’s financial circumstances re- is taken out first semester of freshman year then in- main the same? terest starts accruing. Payment starts a er gradua- Schools that front load offer more grants in on. freshman year, making college seem more affordable and then offer less in sophomore, PLUS loans for Parents: [Current 7.6%] These loans junior and senior years . This requires the are taken out by parents who need to bridge the gap student to take on more debt. between what college costs, student financial aide packages and what parents can afford to pay out of pocket. These loans start to accrue interest as soon as they are taken. Payback starts a er the student graduates.
Financing College The Kiplinger Report has a great ar cle to help understand how to interpret a college financial aide le er: h ps://www.kiplinger.com/tool/college/T042- S001-how-to-interpret-a-college-financial-aid-le er/index.php Pictured above, the Award Le er Analyzer created using google forms allows you to compare financial aide le ers from different schools. You must save a copy of this form in order to use it: h ps://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/17A0- bay1sTt6iWdnQN26C54QQUWzQ0BHRD2-1tU8We0/edit?usp=sharing You can find out more about typical debt students carry at colleges and universi es by visi ng the College Score Card website h ps://collegescorecard.ed.gov/
Making College Affordable Tradi onal 4‐year resident college experiences: There Cer ficate programs, appren ceships, 2+2 programs, con- are opportuni es to make current enrollment, and eStart are all examples of ways tradi onal 4-year college that students can make college more affordable. experiences more afforda- ble. These op ons take Cer ficate programs, de- 2+2 Programs: Almost all some forward thinking and pending on the program, community college and two planning to have impact. allow students to take a year schools have associate Concurrent enrollment and couple of courses, earn a degree programs that ar c- eStart courses allow stu- cer ficate and then apply ulate to four year college dents to earn college credit for jobs in their area of in- and universi es. Living at while in high school. The terest. The income from home or locally and a end- college credit is transcript- these jobs and possible em- ing local campuses for day ed credit from the gran ng ployer tui on support can classes is a substan al sav- college or university. With then help fund a degree. ings over residence halls. the correct planning a stu- Cer ficate programs come Looking at just the cost of dent can shave a semester in all areas of interest and credit hours alone, a local or more off their 4-year col- all sizes. Motorcycle repair community college single lege experience. Colleges and maintenance is a 3 credit hour is around $250. accept credits from other course cer ficate program. A local state run four year ins tu ons in a couple of A computer programming school rate for a single ways. Some take those cer ficate is a 5 course cer- credit hour is around $645. credits but don’t allow The difference in the cost them to be supplanted by ficate. And a biotechnolo- of taking four 3-credit local credits. Some allow gy cer ficate is a 7 course courses is around them to be transferred as cer ficate. $4740.00. Most of these elec ves. You will need to 2+2 programs leave all the seek out schools who will A biotech cer ficate can doors open to a aining ad- accept them as either gen- lead to an entry level posi- vanced degrees. This eral educa on credits or method also lets an 18 year major credits. Speak with on, company funded tui- old test the waters of a po- your school counselor for on opportuni es can help ten al major with less fi- more informa on on this fund an associates degree nancial impact. op on. This op on takes and the 2+2 Program al- some research! lows eligible students to then move to a four year school program as a junior for a Bachelor's degree.
Talent Show Alice In Wonderland BHS Choir Autumn Fest
What can I do to help my child do better at school? This is often a question parents of young children ask their schools. A quick internet search finds 3.5 billion resources to help answer this ques on. Some of these resources are research, some are advice from parents who have been there, some are opinions of well meaning folks, and some are ads trying to sell you a product. At the center of almost all of the research is being present for your child. Not just pre- sent in the physical sense, but present in a meaningful way. Parents who read to their children o en, families that eat meals together, and families that play together all have research to support those experiences as helping students do be er at school. At the core of each of these are parents being present in a meaningful way. For example, being in the same physical space, but being on individual screens is not being present. Play. Providing children with opportuni es to play helps to develop skills that underpin learning. Unstructured play helps children to develop grit, imagina on, problem solving skills , to build self esteem, and to improve communica on are just some of the benefits of play. But what about homework and academics? The two basics for young students are read- ing and math facts. Read with your children and prac ce their math facts. Good reading skills and strong math fact fluency are founda onal underlying skills and knowledge that will serve all students well. The sweet spot is where the academic sugges ons meet the research about being present and play. When prac cing math facts make sure it is fun and switch it up. Choose reading material that both you and your child like. Select reading material that might be related to something you are going to make, a place you will visit, or reading material that exposes your child to new experiences and then talk about the books! Young students with special needs benefit just as much from this advice and there are resources to help parents.
Wildcat Habitat Opening Physical Educa on
Competency Based Learning: The change from a focus on teaching to a focus on learning. Tradi onal educa on systems focused on teaching. The teacher delivered the curriculum and recorded how much the student retained. Competency based learning focuses on the student learning. Competency based learning asks the ques on, has the student learned what was taught, and if not, how do we help the student? Competency based learning iden fies what a student should know and be able to do as a result of the learning experience. Competency based learning provides supports and mul ple opportuni es for students to demon- strate competency. Changing a system that has been focused on teaching to one that focuses on learning has proven to be a challenge. The main challenge is bringing this philosophical shi to scale. Schools need to spend a great deal of me making sure that they have a clear vision, that they take me to train teachers, and that they help their communi es, who did not a end schools like this, understand these changes. This is especially true for as- sessment and grading which have been focused on sor ng and compe on. Tra- di onally, it has been assessment of learning, but now we are more interested in assessment for learning. Competency based learning is more about forma ve assessment leading to more learning. SAU 67 has moved slowly towards competency based learning, working with col- leges and universi es, students, parents and educators. At each step we see successes and iden fy areas that we need to address. We have approached competency based learning with the understanding that focusing on students’ learning should be at the center of all that we do, regardless of the label we place on that endeavor.
Senior EdTalk Forensics Competency Based Learning In Action W
World’s Fair
Student Led Mee ng
Visualizing Math Concepts DES DES Roots and Garden Club
BES NH History Play
The Wedding Singer BHS BHS Li le Mermaid
DES: NH Famous Person Fashion Show ABC Boot Camp DES DES: NH Famous Person Fashion Show
Bucket Drumming DES DES: A Tribute To The Armed Forces
Vaping Vaping is the act of inhal- ing and exhaling the aer- Teens and E‐Cigarettes osol, o en referred to as vapor, which is produced W hat do teens say is in an E-Cigare e? Sixty per- by an e-cigare e or simi- cent responded just flavoring. The truth is most e lar device. Center on Addic- -cigare e pods contain the nico ne equivalent of a pack of cigare es, but with flavors like Swedish on Fish, Cinnamon Toast Cereal and Peanut Bu er Jelly Time, it is easy to see why young teens may not realize the health hazards of vap- In NH it is illegal for ing. Even the ingredient list may not fully disclose the dangers. E- anyone under 18 to liquids contain propylene glycol and glycerol which are not thought purchase, possess or to be dangerous, but the high heat of the vape degrades them to use e-cigare es or liquid nico ne. form toxic compounds such as formaldehyde. There is no require- The growth in use by ment to list the contents of e-Cigare e cartridges or pods. teens has exploded so rapidly that pro- T alk to your teenagers about e-Cigare es. Recent Studies posed bans on fla- show 10% of eighth grade students have tried e- vored pods, increase Cigare es. Na onally, by 12th grade 28% are ac vely us- in purchasing age to ing e-Cigare es. In the absence of informa on teens are making choices without the ability to understand the impact of 21, and a require- those choices. Start the conversa on early. Let your teen know the ment for ingredients T facts about e-Cigare es and “vaping.” and safety warnings he most common e-Cigare e for teens is a brand called are lagging. Juul. It is small, charges in a USB port on their computer and has pods that come in a variety of flavors. Teens can Sources and Resources: also personalize their devices with the purchase of skins. Surgeon General of the United States of America report on e-Cigare e Use Among Youth and Young Adults Here is what the device looks like: Na onal Ins tute on Drug Abuse Na onal Center for Biotechnology Infor- ma on
BHS Orchestra Readers Theater DES DES Bead working
Group Solving Puzzle Ac vity In October 2016 the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) published an ar cle tled, “Children and Adolescents and Digital Media,” in the Journal of Pediatrics. This same month the United States Department of Educa on and the United States Department of Health and Human Services published a Policy Brief on Early Learning and the Use of Technology. These two ar cles, along with others that are emerging, are tackling the strengths and benefits of digital media, and some concerns and guidance for families. Abstract: This research is very clear in sta ng that children fi een months and younger do not benefit from digital media. Children 3 years to 5 years can benefit from digital media that is of high quality and that is designed for interac on with people (shared) and engagement. Digital media that is designed to “distract,” is defined as digital media that is designed to en ce the user to stay connected for as long as possible. Digital media that is designed to “engage” is defined as digital media that is designed with planned stops to engage with the physical world. Digital media for school aged children is not as clear. Children ages 6-18 have a wide variety of digital media available to them, from educa onal apps that are engaging, to video games that are distrac ng to social media. As children vary widely in their use of digital me- dia the guidelines for this age group are not as clear. Birth – 15 months: What is clear is that children from birth un l 15 months of age do not benefit from any type of digital media. Children in this age range have difficulty transferring what they see digitally to their experien al world (AAP COUNCIL…p.2). At this age children need hands-on explora- on and social interac on. Research shows that there is limited learning at 15 months, pro- vided a parent or adult re-teachers or interacts along with the media. At 24 months toddlers can learn words from specific applica ons designed to teach words in a laboratory se ng (Reid, Radesky et.al. p.e2). Any research sited for digital media use with 15 to 24 month olds
is found to be greatly enhanced with parallel adult interac ons, meaning an adult is sharing the experience with the child and interac ng with the child during the digital media interac- on. 3 to 5 years: Children ages 3 to 5 years old can benefit from high quality apps that require some sort of in- terac on. However, many apps that are labeled educa onal fall short of actually being educa- onal and fall into the category of entertainment. (Reid, Radesky et.al. p.e5) The AAP makes a par cular dis nc on between apps that are distrac ng and apps that are engaging. Apps that are designed to be distrac ng can cause tantrums when a child is interrupted from using them. Apps that are distrac ng have a goal of maximum dura on of viewing. Whereas apps that are engaging are intended for stops and pauses for interac on with the 3D world. School‐Aged Children and Teenagers: Here the impact of digital media diverges. Reading a book, reading that book using technolo- gy, like a Kindle, and reading ar cles online are similar. The benefits of technology come in the areas of communica on, engagement and collabora on. Technology also provides tools for learning and tools for produc on that translate to the world of college and work. Technol-ogy also aids students with disabili es. The greatest concern raised for this age group is so-cial media. The study notes that some forms of social media may enhance health and well-ness and promote healthier behaviors, however it acknowledges that there are sites that might promote unhealthy behavior. And to complicate it more one social media app might be used by a child to promote health while another child using the same social media app might use it to promote unhealthy behavior. Like any tool, we have to pay a en on to helping chil-dren use these tools appropriately. Screen me: All of the ar cles stress that screen me really depends on what ac vity children are doing. If children are engaging in “TV” type of ac vi es there is a lot of research that correlated high
levels of this type of use with obesity (Reid, Radesky et.al. p.e7). There is Resources: also evidence that in early childhood excessive “TV” type ac vi es show as- socia ons between delays in cogni ve, language and social/emo onal de- Original ar cle: velopment. (Reid, Radesky et.al.p.e6) All age groups experience disturbed sleep pa erns with media located in the bedroom. TV’s, computers, cell AAP COUNCIL ON COMM phones and other mobile devices that are being used or le on during bed- DIA. Media and Young M 2016;138(5) e2016591 me have shown a nega ve impact on sleep. Mobile phone use in the bedroom was directly correlated to bad sleep quality for adolescents and Other resources/cita on preadolescents. (Bruni et al pp. 1433-1441) The strongest sugges on is to turn off all electronic devices one hour before bed me. MODERATION, re- Bruni O, Se e S, Fontane mains the one recommended theme when it comes to digital media for this Baumbartner E. Technol age group. An independent film called “Screenagers,” focuses on the ty in preadolescence and amount of me that preteens and teenagers spend in front of screens. Sleep Med. 2015;11(12): They state the average is 6.5 hours a day. The film points out many of the topics raised in the AAP ar cle. The quality of what your child is doing on Reid Chassiakos y, Rades screen is just as important as the amount of me. The design of the digital AAP COUNCIL ON COMM media, to distract or engage, is also important. Digital media that is de- DIA Children and Adoles signed to distract purposefully is designed to hook the child into con nuing. Pediatrics. 2016;138(5) e Digital media that is designed to engage your child is designed with natural breaks and should have some interac ve component. Video games, mobile U.S. Department of Educ devices and social media rise as the biggest digital media distractors for onal Technology, Policy children. and the Use of Technolo At School: 2016 Learning is social. It requires interac on between individuals. In our class- rooms we provide a complete spectrum of learning situa ons. Students working in groups, individually, students using different tools to create knowledge and yes, students using digital media to learn. Our goal has been to select digital media that aligns with the sugges ons of the AAP. En- gaging tools and not distrac ng tools. And finally to value the opportunity digital media provides as a part of the learning experience. The U.S. De- partment of Educa on and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Ser- vices provides guiding principles for schools and families: Technology – when used appropriately – can be a tool for learning. Technology should be used to increase access to learning opportuni es for all children. Technology may be used to strengthen rela onships among parents, families, early educators, and young children. (This relates directly to a sec on of the AAP ar cle that talks about the use of skype and other so- cial media that helps families keep in contact who might be deployed
BHS Vex Robo cs Team overseas or across the country.) Technology is more effec ve for learning when adults and peers inter- act or co-view with young children. (U.S. Department of Educa on…p.7 A family tool: The AAP puts forward a tool to help families determine how much me is appropriate for their family and children. When you enter your child’s age it automa cally generates a chart with the amount of sleep your child should be ge ng each night. It then guides you through selec ons of family me, etc. In the end it provides an es mated amount of digital media me that is appropriate for your child and your family. In working through it, I found that I did not have to complete the en re process to understand where I would end up for my children. h ps://www.healthychildren.org/English/media/Pages/default.aspx MUNICATIONS AND ME- Summa on: Minds. Pediatrics In closing, this research draws our a en on squarely to the quality me ns our children spend with each of us who interacts with them, parents, day- care workers, peers, teachers, coaches and others that interact with esi L, Baiocco R. Laghi F, them. It recognizes that digital media has great poten al and posi vely logy use and sleep quali- impacts learning. But, it cau ons that not all digital media is created d adolescence. J Clin. equal. :1433-1441 AAP Sugges ons (Media and young minds sky j, Christakis d, et al., MUNICATIONS AND ME- Younger than 18 months Avoid digital media (excep on video cents and Digital Media. 18-24 months cha ng) e2016293 Children 2-5 years old If you introduce digital media, select high ca on, Office of Educa- Children 5 and up quality and use together. Avoid solo media y Brief on Early Learning use. gy, Washington, D.D., 1 hour / day and high quality, preferably with adult interac on. Will vary. This really depends on the task or ac vity. High quality engaging apps are best. Monitoring and limi ng me spent on distrac ng apps is advised. No screens 1 hour before bed me is suggested.
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