Flash on English_Upper-Intermediate_Student's book

Welcome to Flash on English Flash on English is your new English language course. On these two pages you will find some information to help you learn to use your textbook. Flash on English contains 10 units, organised in this way: Double linguistic input Each unit opens with a first presentation text which can be in various formats (article, email, report). The second presentation offers extracts from listenings (interviews, dialogues, reports) which aim at introducing topics, activity types and listening techniques you will need at upper-intermediate level. Examples of grammatical structures and functions are presented in the Grammar and the Functions boxes, in a concise and clear form to allow the student full autonomy in carrying out the activities. Flash Forward activities The Flashpoint box keep fast finishers busy. highlights particular language structures that are commonly used. The Use of English page focuses on the language knowledge structures and patterns you will need to produce written texts. It includes vocabulary and morphology activities, offering genuine practice of the Use of English paper of the First exam. The Flash on Grammar page is dedicated to presenting the grammar structures. F Cambridge English: First WB p. 8 refers to the correspondent exercises in the Workbook

The Flash on Skills section helps the students to develop their four language skills. Placed at the end of each unit, it alternately presents three types of text material. CULTURE Focuses on social and cultural aspects of the English-speaking world. CLIL Texts targeted to an interdisciplinary approach to language learning on contemporary topics of interest to students. LITERATURE Texts aimed at familiarising students with literary genres, in both prose and verse. Effective learning techniques and exam strategies are presented in each unit. The main grammar items are presented schematically in the Grammar Reference at the end of the book, with information about grammar rules and extensive examples. An extensive Writing Reference The Language offers guidance and examples of Development the writing tasks you are expected section focuses on to produce at B2 level: formal and and practises informal letters, articles, essays, collocations, easily stories and reviews. confused words and Tasks are explained with the help idioms you will need of a model answer for each one. in conversation.

Contents Unit Grammar Vocabulary Functions Technology Agreeing and disagreeing 1 Connect! Present simple and continuous Present perfect simple and Talking about feelings in the 2 Feelings continuous past Past simple Past continuous p. 8 Past perfect simple and continuous Feelings used to and would Relationships Adjectives ending in -ed and -ing Flashback 1-2 p. 16 Entertainment Talking about plans and Travel and transport intentions 3 Leisure p. 24 Expressing regret 4 Travel be going to and will for future Giving advice Future continuous Describing a crime scene Present simple and continuous for future Future perfect p. 26 Zero, first and second conditional Third conditional wish for regrets Mixed and inverted conditional p. 34 Flashback 3-4 p. 42 5 Fashion and Modal verbs: Clothes Trends – obligation and advice Appearance – needn’t/don’t have to – deduction Crime Degrees of certainty Trials p. 44 6 Crime and Passives Punishment Impersonal passive structures Causatives Flashback 5-6 p. 54 p. 60 4

Use of English Skills Language Collocations and phrasal verbs development Multiple-choice cloze Culture – Social media Verb and preposition collocations Key words transformations Reading A survey about teens and social media Email and spoken English Listening Five people talking about social media Life events Speaking Comparing different learning methods p. 98 Phrasal verbs with up Writing An article about the impact social media have had on our life Open cloze Exam strategies: Writing an article CLIL – Psychology really Reading A text about Abraham Maslow and his idea of self-esteem Speaking The Rosenberg test p. 98 Listening A lecture about Abraham Maslow’s theory of self-actualisation Writing A brief biography Exam strategies: Writing a narrative text get Literature – A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man so Phrasal verbs with down Reading A passage from the book Compound nouns: entertainment Listening An extract from the book Open cloze Speaking A conversation about your dreams for the future p. 98 Writing A personal statement to accompany an application Modal verbs in conditional Compound nouns sentences Word building Exam strategies: Writing a letter of application Collocations p. 99 Culture – USA: the beginning Word formation Reading A text about The Mayflower Open cloze Listening A radio interview Speaking An interview Writing A diary page Exam strategies: Writing a diary page Word building: verbs > nouns CLIL – Natural Sciences actually and adjectives Reading Articles about organic clothing Adjectives and adverbs Phrasal verbs and expressions Listening Five extracts from interviews Vague language p. 99 with keep Speaking Describing pictures Confusing words: fashion Writing An essay about organic clothing Word formation p. 100 Multiple-choice cloze Exam strategies: Writing an essay Confusing words: crime Collocations: crime and trials Literature – Oliver Twist Informal English/Slang Reading A passage from the book Multiple-choice cloze Listening An extract from the book Speaking A police report Writing A book review p. 100 Exam strategies: Writing a review 5

Contents Grammar Vocabulary Functions Reporting commands Unit Reported statements Education and requests Reporting verbs Formal vs informal words 7 Learning Reporting commands and requests Prepositions followed by gerunds p. 62 8 Time is Money Relative clauses Money idioms Making excuses Relative pronouns and adverbs Prepositions in relative clauses p. 70 Flashback 7-8 p. 78 9 Health and the Inversions Food and health Talking about problems Environment such, so... (that) The environment Criticising too, very, quite, enough p. 80 Verb patterns Work and employment Stating preferences Verb + -ing Jobs 10 Work and Verb + to infinitive Employment p. 88 Flashback 9-10 p. 96 Language development p. 98 p. 102 Word building p. 108 p. 116 Writing reference p. 126 p. 130 Grammar reference p. 132 Phrasal verbs Irregular verbs Audioscripts 6

Use of English Skills Language Collocations: get or have development Common phrasal verb Culture – Top universities Introducing facts collocations Reading Interviews with top university students Negative prefixes Listening Interviews with top university students p. 100 Speaking Ask and answer questions about your education so far Word formation Writing A report about education in your country which Colloquial English Phrasal verbs: about money Exam strategies: Writing a report Word formation CLIL – Economics and Finance Reading Texts about IMF, WTO, the World Bank Listening Two students testing each other p. 101 Speaking A discussion about the world economic crisis Writing A fact file about an important international institution Exam strategies: Writing a fact file Compound nouns Literature – Life stories Food idioms Word building: -ful and -less Word building Reading Book summaries: Eat, Pray, Love and the Adrian Mole series p. 101 Suffixes Listening People talking about why they liked a book p. 101 Speaking Talking about books you liked Word formation Writing A story Open cloze Exam strategies: Writing a story Collocations Prepositional phrases Culture – Human migration Work idioms Open cloze Reading Articles about human migration Listening People talking about moving to a new country Speaking Comparing photographs Writing An email Exam strategies: Writing an email 7

1 Connect! A day in the life of a digital native 1 How many hours a day do you do the following? 1 texting 3 sending emails 2 blogging 4 being on Facebook 2  1.02 Listen to and read the text quickly. Terri Thomson lives in a digital world: every day, she texts her friends from a television control box, she finds songs on Then answer these questions. the radio with her mobile phone, she downloads photos from her phone directly onto her blog and she can video-call a 1 H ow many hours do teens spend playing television chat show from her mobile phone and participate computer games? live in the programme. She uses 12 technology services every day; so her parents have a big bill. Terri is a digital native; 2 What can digital natives remember easily? she has been using digital devices since her childhood. 3 What is Martha’s problem? For digital natives like Terri, ‘digital’ is their first language. 3 F Read the sentences and choose the best Digital natives have grown up with technology, and so they have IT their fingertips. According to a recent survey, in option A, B or C. their teens, digital natives usually spend about 100,000 hours playing computer games, they send and receive 1 According to the text, Terri’s use of digital 250,000 emails and they spend 10,000 hours on a mobile technology is... phone. In contrast, they spend only 9,000 hours in school (many teens do not take part in lessons, unless the lessons A scientific. B realistic. C expensive. have something to do with sport). 2 According to the text, at school, teenagers... How is digital technology changing teens’ brains? The A spend a lot of time with digital devices. latest research shows that digital natives can recall 90% of B only pay attention in the technology class. images days after seeing them, despite only seeing them for C are not motivated by classroom lessons. a few seconds. In fact, the eye ‘reads’ images much faster 3 We have evidence that digital natives... GRAMMAR A have better memories than other people. B remember words better than pictures. Present simple and continuous C pay less attention to content than to visuals. Every day, she texts her friends. 4 What is the aim of marketing experts? Right now, I’m writing this message on my iPad. A To sell more goods to teenagers. B To understand how the web works. Find more examples of the Present simple and C To increase internet advertising. the Present continuous in the text. Underline them. 5 Which of the following define the way digital natives behave? Grammar reference p. 116 A They like slow explanations. 4 Underline the correct tense. B They talk to more than one person at once. C They lose interest quickly. 1 I talk/’m talking on my mobile; can you open the door for me, please? 6 In the last paragraph, the expression ‘at my fingertips’ emphasises that something is... 2 I am always beginning/always begin the day by checking my emails. A easy. B pleasant. C normal. 3 At the moment, I’m learning/learn to use FLASH FORWARD PowerPoint. Read the text again. Underline the things that 4 D o you use/Are you using a lot of digital describe you and your life. Compare with a partner. devices normally? 8

1 than text; moreover, digital natives often ignore content, Vocabulary: Technology unless colours catch their attention. 6 Which of the following words are nouns, verbs Advertisers are working out a way to use the Internet with teens; they want to use internet marketing to meet the or both? Write them in the correct column. needs of young consumers. Digital teens: need speed in information flow; Internet download blog IT email look at images and information at the same time; text message mobile chat megabyte enjoy hyper-linking; get bored following step-by-step processes; networking store program network simultaneously with many people; don’t want loads of information; Noun Both Verb prefer instant pleasure and instant reward; filter out any information that is not necessary or fun. 7 Find words in the text that have to do with But digital technology has other advantages; here is what digital technology, for example: she texts her an American teen with special needs, Martha, says: ‘I have friends. Add them to the table. problems with physical movement – but with digital devices I’ve got everything I need at my fingertips. They’ve given me 8 Complete the sentences with words from more independence. I’ve had an iPad for 3 years and now I can’t do without it. Right now, I’m writing this message on exercise 6. it and I’m also learning to keep a blog.’ 1 Do you know it’s illegal to ___________ films GRAMMAR from the Internet? Present perfect simple and continuous 2 Do you often have online ___________ with Digital natives have grown up with technology. friends? She has been using digital devices since her childhood. 3 D o you keep your ___________ near your Find more examples of the Present perfect pillow when you’re sleeping? simple and the Present perfect continuous in the text. Underline them. 4 Have you sent any ___________ on your mobile today? If so, who did you send them to? Grammar reference p. 116 5 Do you have ___________ classes at school? 5 Underline the correct tense. 6 Do you belong to any social ___________ sites? 1 I’ve been finishing/’ve finished writing my blog Say it! – I can go out now. 9 Work in pairs. Ask the questions in exercise 8 2 I’ve used/’ve been using a computer since I was five. and give answers which are true for you. 3 She has never been paying/has never paid 10 Talk to your partner about a day in your digital attention in class. life. Use these questions to help you. 4 My grandmother has never used/has never been using a laptop. 1 Did you grow up as a digital native? 2 How many hours a day do you spend using digital devices? 3 Which digital devices could you not do without? iPhone iPod iPaid iPad 9

1 I bought an amazing new ebook 1 Answer these questions with your partner. 3 What do you think of ebooks? 4 Can you use mobile phones in class? 1 What are the dangers of using the Internet? 2 How do you use digital technology at school? 2 Read these extracts and match them with the questions above. A ‘Now guys, yesterday, B ‘I bought an amazing new ebook a month ago, while I was writing on but I still read books in the old-fashioned way. the board, Nancy’s I like the feel and smell of paper; ebooks are mobile went off and I always new: they don’t smell!’ took it off her. Let me explain. We’ve decided to ban mobile phones at all times while you are in the school buildings.’ C ‘We were having the usual 3  1.03 Listen to four people talking about boring lesson yesterday, when the teacher switched new technologies and write T (true) or on the new IWB. I enjoyed F (false). getting up and going to the board: I touched the 1 Nancy lost her mobile phone at school. ___ whiteboard with my finger and we all wanted to play 2 The school rules say pupils must never with it, you know, to have a go.’ bring mobile phones to school. ___ D ‘Well, to tell the truth, 3 Speaker B likes ebooks because they the thing that really put me off the Internet was don’t smell. ___ security. Once I was writing a very personal 4 In the interactive whiteboard lesson mail to a friend when I realised: someone might there were technical problems. ___ be reading it – a hacker, I mean. I was shocked!’ 5 The students had a good time using the 10 whiteboard. ___ 6 Speaker D doesn’t trust electronic communication. ___ 4 Find the word or phrase in the extracts which means the following. 1 to try __________ 2 to forbid __________ 3 not modern __________ 4 to suddenly understand __________ FLASH FORWARD How many digital devices do you have with you now/at home? Make a list. Do you really need them? How would you feel without them?

FUNCTIONS 1 Agreeing GRAMMAR Yes, you’re right. That’s right. Past continuous I agree (absolutely). I (totally) agree. While I was writing on the board, Nancy’s mobile went off. Yes, I see what you mean. I couldn’t agree more. What were you doing there when your best friend came along? Disagreeing We weren’t having an interesting lesson yesterday until the teacher switched on the IWB. Do you think so? I’m not sure. I disagree. Find more examples of the Past continuous in I don’t agree with you. That’s not true. the extracts. Underline them. That’s not totally/always true. Grammar reference p. 117 Say it! 8 Complete these sentences with the Past 5 In pairs, say whether or not you agree with simple and continuous using the words in brackets. the following statements. Why?/Why not? 1 Yesterday I ________ (take) my e-reader to the 1 An ebook is better than a real book. beach. 2 Pupils should be allowed to use mobiles in 2 I ________ (lie) on the beach reading an ebook, class. when my friend ________ (turn) up. 3 Downloading films from the Internet without 3 We ________ (download) songs from the Net paying is OK. when there ________ (be) a blackout. 4 Social media is for people without real friends. 4 It was a lovely day, the sun ________ (shine) Vocabulary: Computer words so we ________ (decide) to go for a walk. 6 Which is the odd one out? Underline it. 5 She ________ (watch) a soap opera while I _______ (do) the washing up. I was so angry. 1 link, clip, shelf, website 2 site, flat, mobile, hack 6 My computer ________ (always break) down 3 virus, email, network, building and so I ________ (waste) a lot of time. 4 noisy, digital, browser, download 5 online, download, smell, voicemail Write it! GRAMMAR 9 F Write a reply to the email in exercise 7 Past simple following these guidelines. I bought an amazing new ebook a month ago. 1 Greet your friend and say it was great to hear I didn’t carry a single book. from her. Tell her what you were doing when Did you have your mobile with you yesterday? you received her email. Find more examples of the Past simple in the 2 T hank your friend for the links she sent you. extracts. Underline them. 3 Tell her your reaction to the sites. Did you like Grammar reference p. 117 them? 4 Conclude your message and say goodbye. 7 Read this email message and find examples of Write your answer in 120-150 words. the Past simple. Critical thinking Hi, this is Isabella here. Hey, do you remember that website you told me about, 10 Work in pairs and discuss the following topics. the one you said had some really funny clips from TV programmes? Didn’t you say it 1 Thousands of people waited for hours outside was ‘The Funniest Interview’ or something? Apple stores for the new iPhone5 in September Anyway, I googled it and came across some 2012. Do you think it was worth the wait? other sites that are really great. Well, I thought they were really hilarious – so I’m 2 It is estimated that the number of mobile- sending you the links to those sites; have a connected devices will have exceeded the look and tell me what you think, OK? See you! number of people on earth by the end of 2013. What can you deduce from this statement? 11

1 Use of English Collocations Phrasal verbs Collocation is the natural way words go together. A phrasal verb consists of a verb and a preposition or adverb that modifies or changes Verb and noun the meaning of the verb. I do homework but I make a mistake. The IWB broke down a couple of times. These verbs and nouns go together: ban drugs, I googled it and came across some other sites. smoking; cause problems, an accident; reach a I have had an iPad for three years and now I destination, a place; start the car, a family; tell the can’t do without it. truth, a story. The thing that really put me off the Internet was security. 1 Underline the correct word. You must switch your mobiles on/off. Advertisers are busy working out a way to use 1 Who does/makes the most housework in your the Internet. family? 4 Write the corresponding phrasal verb. 2 Can you do/make a pizza? 3 Have you ever told/said a lie? 1 look for a solution _________________________ 4 Do you know what causes/makes earthquakes? 2 the opposite of turn on _____________________ 5 Would you ban/obstruct mobiles on trains? 3 live successfully without something __________ 6 T he car’s not working: the engine won’t start/ 4 stop working ______________________________ 5 find by accident ___________________________ begin. 6 make someone not like something ___________ Verb and preposition 5 F Complete the second sentence so that it Teens look at images on the screen. I never listen to classical music. has a similar meaning to the first sentence, Talk about a day in your digital life. using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five Adjective + preposition words including the word given. Here is an I am very keen on Italian cuisine. example. She is responsible for looking after the children. 0 I learnt a lot about computers by just trying Language development p. 98 things out. 2 Complete with the correct preposition. UP I picked up a lot about computers by just 1 W hat are you looking ______? 2 W hat do you talk ______ on the phone? trying things out. 3 W hat household duties are you responsible ___? 1 T he thing I don’t like about using email is all 4 W hat digital devices are you keen ______? 5 W hat music do you like listening ______? the junk mail. PUT 3 F Do mobiles help cheats? Decide which The thing that ___________ using email is the answer best fits each gap (A, B, C or D). spam. 2 Look, I’ve found this really brilliant website. Mobile phones, apart (1) ____ being important status symbols among teens, are useful when pupils want to cheat Do you want the link? in exams. Many parents are (2) ____ on their children ACROSS carrying mobile phones with them when they go (3) ____ in Look, I ___________ this brilliant website. Do case there’s an emergency; but for teachers, mobile phones anywhere on school premises can (4) ____ problems, in you want the link? addition (5) ____ the cheating threat. While mobile phones 3 My mum grew up in a house where there were may not be responsible (6) ____ cheating, some teachers believe they have a negative effect. While there are kids with no computers. expensive phones, there are other children with less trendy BROUGHT models, creating a form of discrimination. My mum ___________ a house where there 1 A for B from C to D with were no computers. 2 A fond 4 I don’t understand how this program works. 3 A off B happy C enthusiastic D keen OUT 4 A make I can’t ___________ how to use this program. 5 A to B on C out D for 5 I really need to have my laptop with me when 6 A for B do C cause D begin I travel. 12 DO B with C of D from I ___________ my laptop when travelling. B at C in D with

Flash on Grammar 1 Present simple and continuous Past simple vs Present perfect 1 Complete these sentences using the verbs in 5 Underline the correct tense. brackets. 1 Yesterday, I wrote/have written down the name of a website, but I can’t find it anywhere. 1 I always ____________ (switch off) my mobile when I’m in class. 2 My laptop broke down/has broken down again. 3 I have had/had an iPad for 3 years and I use it 2 I ____________ (switch off) the computer now. 3 They usually ____________ (get up) early and every day. 4 I learnt/have learnt to use a computer when immediately turn on their computers. 4 A Where are you? I was at school. B I ____________ (wait) for you outside the 5 I worked/have worked very hard when I was a cinema! pupil. 5 She ____________ (stay) in her friend’s house 6 Last night, we downloaded/have downloaded a for the summer. video clip. 6 If I don’t know a word I ____________ (just/ Past simple and continuous google) it. 6 Complete these sentences using the words in 2 Read the answers first and then write the brackets. questions using the prompts given. 1 We ___________ (chat) online when mum ___________ (tell) us to go to bed. 1 talk on mobile A _______________________________________ 2 I ___________ (watch) TV when the B No, I am not. earthquake ___________ (take) place. What 2 your brother / surf / Net / every afternoon ___________ (you/do)? A _______________________________________ B No, he does his homework. 3 The sun ___________ (shine) so we 3 snow / in Paris ___________ (decide) to go for coffee. A _______________________________________ B Yes, everything’s white. 4 Why ___________ (you/run) away when 4 study / Chinese the police officer ___________ (arrive)? A _______________________________________ ___________ (try) to hide something? B I want to learn it, that’s why! 5 I ___________ (not steal) anything from the WB p. 6 shop; I ___________ (look) for a new laptop. Present perfect simple and continuous WB p. 7 3 Complete the sentences using the words in Round up! brackets. 7 Complete this email with the most suitable 1 How long ________ (you/know) how to use a verb tense. computer? break write (x 2) sit enjoy be visit  2 I ________ (learn) Japanese but I still don’t know much. study stay  live  bring 3 We can go out now because I ________ (finish) Hi Helen, the work I was doing. I (1) _________ this message from an internet café in Rome. I (2) _________ here for hours checking my 4 Do you know how long I ________ (stand) here emails. I (3) _________ my laptop with me to Italy but it waiting for you? (4) _________ down yesterday, which is really annoying! I (5) _________ with a friend near the pyramid in San 5 ____________ (you/visit) those sites Paolo. My friend (6) _________ near the cemetery where I recommended? Keats is buried. Remember Keats? He (7) _________ that lovely poem about Autumn that we (8) _________ 6 She ________ (write) a book for years and she at school. A couple of days ago we (9) _________ the still ________ (not finish). place and it was very moving. I (10) _________ here for a almost a week now and I (11) _________ every minute 4 In pairs, ask and answer questions with ever of it. It really is the most beautiful city in the world. and never. 13 1 eat / snails ? 5 meet / famous person? 2 play / rugb y? 6 sleep / friend’s house? 3 go / Londo n? 7 read / an ebook? 4 find / mone y? 8 anybody / steal / your mobile? WB p. 6

1 Flash on Skills SOCIAL MEDIA EXPLAINED Social Media = I’m eating a donut Before you read = I like donuts 1 Do you agree or disagree with the following = h ere I am, eating a statements? Why?/Why not? donut 1 N etworking sites give teens the freedom to express themselves. 2 S ocial media is a good way to spend our free time. 3 N etworking sites teach you about other people’s problems. 4 S ocial media is useful when we are doing our lessons. Reading 2 Read the text. Does the writer agree or disagree with these opinions? A new survey reveals that a quarter of teens log on to their favourite social media sites ten or more times each day. So, what kind of an impact is social media having on today’s youth? New technologies have brought important changes in the made them wake up to the needs of others. For example, lives of today’s teenagers in the UK. thousands of teens go hungry as part of campaigns to raise First of all, a teen social networking site gives today’s funds to help people who are starving. 3 teenagers the freedom to express themselves and show the world who they really are. 1 These sites allow teenagers Teenagers also use the Internet to help them with homework; to write about their lives and their experiences and share in such cases, they spend at least three hours a week searching them with the world. Secondly, a teen social networking site for useful information. In short, teen social networking sites allows teenagers to connect with people of their own age. give teenagers the opportunity to be the person they want the They realise that what other teenagers term as ‘weird’ may world to know. They can begin a new life in cyberspace. not be so weird in other places. In general, social networking sites provide teenagers with an enjoyable way of spending But we should bear in mind the dangers of social networking. their free time. For 65% per cent of the 16-24 year-olds, For example: teens sometimes post texts or photos online talking to their friends via Facebook and Twitter, is their that they later regret; private information could include their number one leisure activity. They don’t have the places or the address, phone number or when the family will be taking a time to hang out like their parents did. 2 long vacation; 4 Then there’s time: 22% of teens say they check their sites more than ten times a day! But it’s not all about having fun. More than half of teens (55%) say social media sites like Facebook and Twitter have There is also the risk of bullying and making fun of others. It is easier to take risks and misbehave online than it is in real life! 3 F Four sentences have been removed Listening from the article. Choose from the 4  1.04 Listen to five people who read the article above; sentences A-E the one which best fits each gap. There is one extra sentence which speakers like/dislike social media? which you do not need to use. 5  1.04 F Listen again. Choose from the list A-E what A T hus, social media helps us to help others less fortunate than ourselves. each speaker says about social media. B S ocial media allows them to have A Teens work very hard. time to reconnect. B People should read more books. C Social media is a good leisure time activity. C P arents worry about how their kids D T his person is interested in what’s happening in the world. are using social media. E School subjects are easier. D S trangers may get access to this Speaker 1 Speaker 3 Speaker 5 sensitive data. Speaker 2 Speaker 4 E T his can be done through blogging or through a personal web page. 14

Speaking 1Culture 6 In pairs, discuss these questions. A 1 W hat is your response to the reading text? Do B you agree or disagree? 9 F You have seen this announcement in an 2 W hy is social media important to you? 3 H ow has it changed you or your life? international teen magazine. 7 F Look at the photos A and B. They represent CWohmTaEtphneietmetbrpiettaasitaicEonntaxmnrdhpmt:eailtcoontshlrntehaas?tttoewhiIcoon’is2inflfalom?y1lbroYmmsaetuogapecuratduzeifdoibrinanenilecite?hsni.uhdSadeerodsd!yc?oiianntleylnieofeenux?tralgifeer different ways of learning at school. Talk to Write your answer in an appropriate style. Use each other about why it might be important to 120-180 words. Before you begin: do these different activities. Then decide the advantages and disadvantages. Finally, say 1 Make notes on your ideas. which you prefer and why. 2 Work with a partner and discuss these A I think it’s more fun using computers in class. questions: B Idon’t agree. I prefer working with other a What uses do you/your friends make of social students. media? b Give an example of: fun uses of social media; Writing something useful you have learnt from social 8 Read the magazine article in exercise 2 again media; new friends you have made on social media. and do these tasks. 3 Use this plan. P aragraph 1: what social media is and how it 1 Find words or phrases that have to do with has in general changed people’s lives, for good digital social media, for example log on to, etc. or bad. Paragraph 2: the use you and your friends 2 Which two tenses are used a lot? make of social media and how frequently. 3 Choose the best title for the reading text from: Paragraph 3: how social media has changed a Social media: its impact on UK teens the way you live (choose from entertainment, b Social media: good or bad? education, social life). c Social media: what does it mean to teens? P aragraph 4: finally, in short, sum up your 4 How many paragraphs are there? view of social media and restate what the main 5 F ind examples of connectors, for example first impact it has had on you and your friends. of all, etc. 6 F ind examples of colourful language, for example to expand their horizons. EXAM STRATEGIES When writing an article, the aim is to interest the reader in your opinions. You should demonstrate that you can do the following: use grammar and vocabulary fairly accurately but above all have the ability to get your message across describe, narrate, express opinions, say you agree or disagree use colourful language How to prepare? read magazines in English note the layout of articles practise using paragraphs note the use of catchy titles 15

2 Feelings Feeling sorry for yourself? 1 Imagine yourself in the position of the people in the photos. How does that make you feel? excited afraid nervous embarrassed  angry proud depressed 2  1.05 Listen to and read this extract from A B an interview with a teacher and answer the questions. 1 Which of the situations above does the text mention? 2 What is unusual about John? I’ve been teaching for about 25 years now and one thing I have learnt is this: a good teacher is always ready to learn. About 10 years ago, I was teaching students with learning difficulties in a school in Bristol. My classroom had become famous in the school as I had got a reputation for success by encouraging students to believe in themselves. One day, the head told me that a trainee teacher had arrived in school and had asked to observe my classes. As we were going to meet John, the head told me that the student was disabled. As John was approaching, I noticed that he had prosthetic legs – and he had no hands. At first, I felt nervous but John’s friendly eye contact made me feel relaxed and created a warmth and respect between us. I had prepared my pupils for John’s visit – I had told them that it was rude to stare, but they still felt embarrassed and could not help staring… John sat quietly in the corner and watched me teaching. He had been watching me for about half an hour, when suddenly he asked if he could show the children something on the blackboard: he took a piece of chalk between his ‘arms’ and began to write – in better blackboard writing than mine. A year later, I moved to Ireland. I’ve been living there ever since; but I once returned to Bristol for a few months to run a bookshop. After I had been back for about a week, I was opening the shop one morning when John appeared. He had heard that somebody was coming from Ireland to run the shop and had guessed it was me. ‘Have you been teaching all this time?’ I asked. He told me that he had given up teaching as it had got too difficult. ‘I’ve been doing lots of exciting things.’ ‘Like what?’ I asked. ‘Have you seen that furniture shop up the road?’ he said. ‘Oh, so you run a shop too?’ ‘No, my wife runs it. I make all the furniture!’ John hadn’t changed! Since I last saw him, he had become a furniture maker and he had taken up skiing. I was stunned. Since then every time I’ve felt sorry for myself, I’ve thought about John and his incredible life... 3 Read the statements and write T (true) or F (false). 5 Match these definitions with the words in bold. Then correct the false statements. 1 impolite ___________ 1 The writer has been teaching for ten years. ___ 2 unable to use part of the 2 A new pupil joins the writer’s class. ___ body or brain fully ___________ 3 John is a student with learning difficulties. ___ 3 to give someone confidence 4 The writer of this text is a university teacher. ___ or hope ___________ 5 The writer and John got on well. ___ 4 the things people say 6 John took part in the writer’s lesson. ___ about us, good or bad ___________ 7 The writer went to Ireland for a short holiday. ___ 5 to control or organise ___________ 8 John’s new job is making furniture. ___ 6 to come closer ___________ 4 Look at the words in bold in the text: are they FLASH FORWARD nouns, verbs or adjectives? Read the last paragraph again: how do you ‘cheer yourself up’? What advice do you give to friends who are ‘feeling sorry’ for themselves? 16

2 8 Complete the text with the correct form of the verbs below. do not give up take part be play  bring snow not see build have C Never give up! D How exciting! It was my first time in Switzerland. I (1) ___________ such high mountains before. The snow GRAMMAR was one metre deep. It (2) ___________ for two whole days! Past perfect simple and continuous The children were out in the snow: they (3) ___________ in the snow all day. They (4) ___________ a snowman and now My classroom had become famous in the school. they were throwing snowballs at each other. Some people John hadn’t changed! (5) ___________ their skis with them and they were getting Had he given up teaching? ready to ski. He had been watching me for about half an hour. Unfortunately, I (6) ___________ an accident a couple of years before and I was now a wheelchair user. Find more examples of the Past perfect simple I (7) ___________ very fond of skiing since I was a teenager and the Past perfect continuous in the text. and I (8) _____ even ___________ in competitions. Now, Underline them. I (9) ___________ anything for two whole years. It was boring, doing nothing, but I (10) ___________ the idea of Grammar reference p. 117 taking up skiing again one day, somehow! 6 Complete with the Past perfect simple of the Vocabulary: Feelings verbs in brackets. 9 Look at these adjectives and decide if they 1 I got wet in the rain because I ___________ describe positive (P) or negative (N) feelings. (forget) to take an umbrella. 2 I felt excited because I ___________ (be) to 1 tired ___ 9 embarrassed ___ Paris before! 2 nervous ___ 10 respectful ___ 3 ___________ (have) many girlfriends before you 3 exciting ___ 11 rude ___ met me? 4 I couldn’t pay the taxi-driver because 4 encouraging ___ 12 proud ___ I ___________ (lose) my wallet. 5 friendly ___ 13 boring ___ 7 Complete with the Past perfect continuous of 6 relaxed ___ 14 warm ___ the verbs in brackets. 7 angry ___ 15 amazed ___ 1 I was tired: I ___________ (work) all night. 2 The film was boring: we ___________ (watch) 8 stunned ___ 16 depressed ___ it for a whole hour and nothing had happened. FLASHPOINT 3 I was angry because I realised you __________ I feel bored (with this book) but the book is boring. (not tell) me the truth. It was a lie. I feel excited by the film but the film is exciting. 4 It ___________ (snow) all night and the roads Say it! were blocked. 10 Complete these sentences with an adjective so that they are true for you. Then compare with a partner. 1 When I come home from school I feel _______. 2 A good teacher is _______. 3 I think history is _______. 4 Going to new countries is _______. 5 When people are rude to me I feel _______. 17

2 Significant others 1 Read this text and make a list of ‘significant others’ in your life. Significant others are people who have changed our lives in important ways and who still have an influence on us. It may be a friend who stuck by us when we were going through a difficult time or a teacher who believed in us. 2  1.06 Listen to some people talking about the significant others in their life. Who are they talking about? 3  1.06 F Listen again and complete the notes. I remember her because she made me feel (1) ___________. I had broken my arm when I was playing (2) ___________ and it put me off sport forever. Every Wednesday our class used to go to the local swimming baths and I remember Mrs Cooper would really encourage me to get into the water and start (3) ___________ ; that’s when she taught me how to swim. Luke He used to work in a (4) ___________. He used to work at night and sleep during the (5) ___________. At Christmas time he always used to take us kids to the (6) ___________. He was a gentle, patient, generous man. Susan She always used to (7) ___________ me FLASH FORWARD when I did badly in Read the sentences and say who they tests at school. She refer to. 1 He/She was hard-working and very kind. would always support 2 He/She made me feel better when I was me. Once I was feeling feeling down. very (8) ___________ 3 I learnt something really useful from when Helen said ‘let’s him/her. go for a pizza!’ and that really (9) _______ me up! She was always so encouraging. Lisa 18

2 GRAMMAR FUNCTIONS used to / would Talking about feelings in the past He used to take us to the circus. Mrs Cooper always encouraged me. I didn’t use to do well in tests. I was feeling very depressed. Did you use to play football? I really used to worry about tests. She would always support me. 7 Have you ever felt shy? When was the last Find more examples of used to and would in the extracts. Underline them. time you felt embarrassed? Write short statements using the adjectives below. Grammar reference p. 117 shy embarrassed successful happy 4 Underline the correct form of used to/would. confident angry sad nervous 1 My mum used to work/work as a nurse but now she’s retired. Say it! 2 Did you use/used to enjoy maths at school? 8 In pairs, use exercise 7 to make a dialogue. 3 I didn’t use to/would eat meat but now I eat a bit. 4 Holidays were great; we would to get up/get A I felt really embarrassed when... B Not cool! How embarrassing! What happened? up late and spend all day at the beach. 5 Didn’t you use to/Wouldn’t you live in London Vocabulary: Relationships when you were a child? 9 Complete the missing letters in these words. 6 My favourite teacher used to/was used to tell 1 m___m/mother 13 grandp___nts great stories. 2 dad/fa___r 14 brother-in-l___w 3 te___cher 15 sister-___-law 5 Complete this text with the Past simple, Past 4 br___ther 16 st___-father 5 sist___ 17 st___-m_____ continuous and used to. 6 a___nt 18 b___t-friend 7 ___ncle 19 godf___r My favourite primary school teacher, Mrs Cooper, 8 co___sins 20 godm___r (1) ___________ (bring) a talking parrot to class. 9 f___nd 21 fian___ I remember one day I (2) ___________ (behave) very 10 ne___bour 22 fianc___ badly when the teacher (3) ___________ (see) me – it 11 neph___ 23 g___friend 12 nie___ 24 boy___ was Friday afternoon, games day; you see, on Friday we (4) ___________ (not/have) proper lessons; we did Say it! fun things. Anyway, I (5) ___________ (pour) sand and bits of Lego down a little girl’s back when she 1 0 Draw a circle in your notebook with your name (6) ___________ (scream). The teacher (7) ___________ in the middle. Put the people above in it. The (not/see) me do it because she (8) ___________ closer to your name, the more important they (write) on the board at the time. The teacher turned have been in your life so far. round and looked at me… Then tell your partner about the people in your circle and why you put them there. FLASHPOINT T his is my best friend and she’s really important in I am used to life here/living here (I am familiar with my life because she has always been there for me life here). when I’m feeling down… You get used to life alone (it becomes normal, you accept it). Critical thinking 6 Underline the correct option. 11 In pairs, ask and answer the following questions. 1 I didn’t use/used to like gymnastics but now What kind of education did you receive in your I have got used/use to it. childhood, strict or permissive? If you had children, would you do the same or would you decide to do 2 At first, it was horrible being in a wheelchair just the opposite and why? but I am getting used/used to it now. 3 I live in Florence now but I used to live/living in Rome. 4 I did not use/am not used to speaking a foreign language but I am sure it will get easier. 19

2 UTessetof English 6 F Read this text and think of a word which best Life events fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. 1 Number these phrases about important stages The most important in life to make a story. event in my life! make friends get engaged It’s (1) ______ true story. I (2) ______ just finished fall out university in York and had applied (3) ______ a job get married break up teaching English in China. I was feeling very nervous. I had become a grandparent (4) ______ done any real work in my life and I knew fall in love make up nothing (5) ______ English grammar. Before the interview for the job, I had to look (6) ______ ‘conditionals’ in my go out grammar book, because I didn’t know what (7) ______ 1 be born were. I (8) ______ received an email the week before asking me to go for an interview in London. I was really worried I would mess up (9) ______ interview because I have children always did badly at interviews. But everything went well and I took up the offer of a job teaching English (10) 2 Compare your answers with a partner. Do you ______ Shanghai. I liked the place at once. But the most amazing thing was this: I fell in (11) ______ with the first have the same story? student I ever met. Two years later, we got married and we now (12) ______ three lovely children. 3 Complete the dialogues with a word or phrase. 7 Complete and answer the questions so that 1 A When did you ______ with Paul? And what made you ______ with him? they are true for you, then compare with a partner. B When we where still at school. I couldn’t 1 What do you do to ______ yourself ______ resist him. Very good-looking. when you feel depressed? 2 A At what age would you like to get ______? 2 How do you think it feels to ______ a B I want to get ______ when I have a job and grandparent for the first time? I am ready to settle down. 3 Have you ever fallen ______ a friend? How did 3 A How did you start ______ with Lisa? B Well, first we ______ friends and then you feel about it? 4 Do you ______ things ______ in books or do I asked her to come for coffee. 4 A How many children do you want to ______? you google them? Which is better? B Just two, a boy and a girl. 5 If you could take ______ any new sport or a 4 Practise the dialogues with your partner. Make hobby, what would you choose? 6 Have you ever ______ a test or a task you had changes so they are true for you. to do? How did you feel? Phrasal verbs (up) 7 What is the best age to get ______ and have break up with one’s girlfriend or boyfriend children? (separate) 8 Are you the kind of person who gives ______ cheer up a friend, yourself, cheer sb up easily when things are difficult? (start to feel happier) Language development p. 98 give up a bad habit, trying (stop) look up a difficult word, some information (check something in a dictionary/online) make up with a friend, a story (become friends again, create a story) mess up a task, a test, an interview (make a mistake or do something badly) take up a hobby, a sport, an offer (start, accept) 5 Rewrite the sentences changing the underlined words to a phrasal verb in the correct form. 1 After our quarrel, we stopped talking; then, we became friends again. 2 Nothing could make her feel happy after she failed the test. 3 She didn’t do very well at the interview. 4 Don’t stop trying – you can succeed! 5 After five years they decided to separate. 6 Why don’t you start painting or yoga classes? 20

Flash on Grammar 2 Past perfect simple and continuous 5 In pairs, ask and answer questions beginning 1 Complete the sentences with the Past perfect with ‘Did you use to... ?’. simple or continuous. 0 live / house or flat? 1 My classmates ________ become famous in A Did you use to live in a house or flat when the school for their noise! you were a child? 2 I ________ got a reputation for success. B In a flat. What about you? 3 I ________ working in a bookshop for a few 1 go / bed / early? 2 stay / with / grandparents? weeks when my friend turned up. 3 be / afraid / the dark? 4 _____ you ________ living in Italy for very 4 have / a pet? 5 go / the seaside / in the summer? long? WB p. 14 2 Complete the sentences with the Past perfect be used to / get used to simple or continuous. 6 Fill in the gaps using the correct form of the 1 After I ________ (finish) my studies, I had a words below. year off. make go live read have work 2 I ________ (try) to pass my driving test for three years when I finally succeeded. 1 London seemed strange to me but I am getting used to ______ here now. 3 I was anxious. I looked at the notice-board. I ________ (achieve) top marks in the test! 2 She didn’t use to ______ a lot of money but now she’s very well off. 4 Since I last saw her, Jane ________ (take up) skiing. 3 She is used to ______ hard – she has always loved her job, you see. 5 ____ you ________ (have) lessons for very long before you learnt to speak Spanish? 4 She used to ______ out with Paolo but they’ve broken up now. 6 She ____ never ________ (leave) Italy before she went to Switzerland on a school trip. 5 No, I will never get used to ______ ebooks. I prefer real books. 3 Correct these sentences. 6 Did the other kids use to ______ fun of you at 1 When all the passengers were boarding, the school? plane took off. WB p. 15 2 H e felt very tired the next day because he had Round up! been being awake all night. 7 Complete the text with used to, would, the 3 She worked as a teacher for 45 years when Past perfect and the Past perfect continuous. she decided to stop work. 4 Iwas very hungry because I had been eating The most important person in my life all day. My father has been the most important influence on 5 After they had been marrying for a year, they my life. Why? Well, first of all, he (1) ___________ never __________ (shout) at us and he (2) __________ decided to have a baby. always ___________ (listen) carefully to us. He was a 6 I had been study all night because I had an great listener. Our grandmother (3) ___________ (be) a very patient women and I think he (4) ___________ exam the day after. (take) after her. He gave me confidence in myself. For example, my first bicycle: I (5) ___________ (try) WB p. 14 to ride it for weeks and I kept falling off. He (6) ___________ (watch) me from a distance and used to / would just said ‘try again’. But he never lost patience. 4 Fill in the gaps with used to or would. He (7) ___________ (work) at night in a factory, so when he got home, he (8) ___________ (work) all When I was a child I (1) ______ be afraid of the night and he was very sleepy. After he (9) __________ dark and my parents (2) ______ let me sleep (retire) from work, he spent more time with us so he with the light on. Sometimes I (3) ______ wake (10) ___________ (tell) us bedtime stories. It was up in the middle of the night, screaming; my magical. Dad was a really gentle, generous person. mum or dad (4) ______ rush to my room to see what was wrong. You see, I (5) ______ have bad dreams but in the morning I (6) ______ forget all about them. And you? (7) ______ you use to be afraid of the dark? Do you remember your dreams? 21

2 Flash on Skills A B Self-esteem Before you read 1 Look at pictures A and B and match them with their caption; what is the message in each cartoon? 1 What matters most is 2 Before you say anything, remember the how you see yourself. educational importance of self-esteem. 2 Do you agree or disagree the following statements? Why?/Why not? with 1 Self-esteem is about what other people think of us. 2 You need self-esteem to do well at school. 4 Self-esteem means coming first, being the best. 3 Self-esteem means respecting other people. 5 You can’t measure self-esteem. Reading 3 Skim the text quickly. Are the statements above true according to the text? Abraham Maslow: from Mentally Unstable to Self-esteem Guru Abraham Maslow was born in New York. His parents had emigrated to the USA to escape from Tsarist Russia. He was the oldest of eight children and so the other kids in the family looked up to him. 1 This was a blow to his self-esteem, which he never forgot. At school, young Maslow had a tough time , for his teachers didn’t like him and the other children bullied him. He didn’t get on with his mother and he made few friends. 2 He also joined many school clubs, edited a school magazine and took lots of exercise. He took up weight-lifting to make himself look tough. In the end, he got to University, studied psychology, married and became a father. 3 These experiences influenced his psychological idea of self-esteem and its importance in leading a happy life. What Is Self-esteem? Self-esteem is how we feel about ourselves or the picture we have of ourselves. It includes beliefs and feelings such as confidence and pride. Self-esteem is not about facts but rather what one believes to be true about oneself. Self-esteem is important because it influences – and can predict – academic achievement, including success at school, at university and in tests. 4 Self-esteem can apply to a specific dimension (for example, ‘I believe I am a good athlete and I feel happy about that’ or 5 ; but self-esteem – or the lack of it – can be more general: for example, ‘I believe I deserve respect and so do others’. Researchers describe self-esteem with statements like ‘I am good at tennis’, ‘I am competent’, ‘I am respected’, ‘I am loved’. They usually measure self-esteem on a continuous scale. For example, the Rosenberg test scores each item out of four; it requires participants to indicate their level of agreement with statements about themselves. strongly disagree disagree agree strongly agree I feel I do not have much to be proud of. People with healthy self-esteem: • believe in certain values and defend them against opposition • 6 • do not feel guilty when others don’t like their choice There is much more to say about self-esteem but this will give you food for thought. 4 F Read the text again. Six sentences have been removed from it. Choose from the sentences A-G the one which fits each gap. There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use. A I know I’m the best at English in the class. B When he was growing up, a psychologist said he was ‘mentally unstable’. C In addition, self-esteem is important because it is connected with psychological well-being: our mental health. D Later, he also saw the horrors of war. E Feel confident enough to change their beliefs. F He won a scholarship to Harvard. G However, he was a good student and loved reading. 22

Speaking 2CLIL 5 Complete the chart below, using the scores: 3-0. Writing Then compare your answers with a partner. 8 Complete the following. strongly agree: 3 disagree: 1 1 one fact about me: ______________________ agree: 2 strongly disagree: 0 _________________________________________ Statement Score 2 something I believe is true about me: ________ _________________________________________ 1 I believe I deserve respect and happiness. 3 an example of my values: _________________ 2 I believe others deserve respect. _________________________________________ 3 I feel I do not have much to be proud of. 9 You are going to write a brief biography of an 4 I believe in certain values and defend them important person in your life, your ‘significant against opposition. other’. Before you begin: 5 I feel confident enough to change my beliefs. 1 Make notes on your ideas. 2 Decide on a logical order for the events. 6 Ido not feel guilty when others don’t like my 3 Think of: choices. a which tenses are you going to use: Past 7 I believe I am good at some subjects and I simple, Present perfect, Past continuous, feel happy about that. Past perfect, used to, etc. b key words for your topic: verbs (look up to, 8 I believe I am respected. cheer up, etc.), nouns (respect, self-esteem, etc.), adjectives (proud, friendly, etc.); 9 I believe I am loved. c colourful language you can use, for example adverbs, adjectives, idiomatic expression, etc. Listening d appropriate linkers: at first, in the end, etc. 4 Use this plan: 6  1.07 You are going to hear a lecture about Paragraph 1: the person’s past (where he/ she was born; where he/she grew up; his/her Abraham Maslow’s best known theory. studies, work, achievements); Look at the diagram. Can you guess what this Paragraph 2: how you know him/her; theory is about? Listen to the lecture: were Paragraph 3: why he/she influenced you and you right? became important to you. 7  1.07 F Listen again and complete the EXAM STRATEGIES notes in the diagram. A narrative text can be a short story or a text about someone’s life (biography, autobiography). Self-actualisation You should demonstrate that you can do the following: Self-esteem You deserve develop a clear storyline, with a beginning, a (6) __________ and happiness. middle and an end Love and Belonging use appropriate past tenses You feel you are part of a use interesting adjectives, adverbs and expressions (4) __________ or group of (5) __________. to give ‘colour’ to your text Safety use linkers, especially time expressions You must not feel your life is (2) ____________. use your imagination to get the reader’s interest and For example, (3) ____________ at school . keep it! Physiological needs 1 0 P Write your biography (120-150 words). You mustn’t feel hungry or (1) ____________. 23

1 Flashback Past simple and continuous 2 GRAMMAR 4 Complete the sentences with the correct form Present simple and continuous of the verbs below. 1 Underline the correct option. take look discover meet say work 1 I never play/’m never playing video games. 2 I often see/am often seeing people talking on 1 Columbus __________ for India when he discovered the New World. their mobiles while they are driving. 3 The boys are arguing/argue about a video game. 2 Gandhi __________ part in a peaceful march 4 We are watching/watch at a video on youtube. when the police arrested him. 5 She is writing/writes her blog every day. 6 I’m looking/look for my memory stick. Have 3 J ohn Lennon was playing in the Quarrymen band when he __________ Paul McCartney. you seen it? 7 She enjoys/is enjoying surfing the Net in her 4 T im Berners-Lee __________ as a scientist when he invented the World Wide Web. free time. 8 They spend/are spending ages on Facebook – 5 A lfred Nobel was working in his factory when he accidentally __________ dynamite. they don’t have/are not having any real friends. 6 A rmstrong was stepping onto the moon when he Present perfect simple and continuous _________: ‘This is one small step for a man’. 2 Complete the sentences with the correct form Past perfect vs Past continuous of the verbs below. 5 Correct the underlined words. read buy walk look wait start  1 I was always known I would become a teacher. 2 They had shouted when the teacher walked in. know finish 3 H ad they playing on the computer when their 1 I __________ to learn French. I had my second mum arrived? lesson today. 4 Have you known him long before you got 2 I __________ an iPhone because I don’t think I married? need one. 5 I had tidied my room when you rang. 6 Paul did never seen an elephant before he 3 She __________ for work for months and she can’t find anything. went to the zoo with his mum. 4 They __________ for news about their missing Past perfect simple and continuous dog but there’s still none. 6 Complete the sentences with the correct form 5 How long _____ you ________ your best-friend? of the verbs below. 6 _ ____ you __________ that book since March? It’s only short! 7 _____ you __________ with the laptop? Can I be think decorate leave work  study change rain check my emails now? 8 They __________ in the rain without an 1 H e told me he __________ as a barman for five years when he decided to retrain as a web umbrella – they’re soaking wet. designer. Present perfect vs Past simple 2 T he restaurant __________ a lot since I had 3 Complete the sentences with the correct form last been there. of the words in brackets. 3 I __________ about getting a new computer when my Dad arrived with a new laptop! 1 I __________ my computer for five years but now it __________ working. (have/stop) 4 ______ you __________ to Asia before you went to Thailand this summer? 2 I __________ a new flash drive yesterday. (buy) 3 __________ Indian food? (you/ever/eat) 5 It __________ all day and all night. The clothes 4 I __________ my mobile on the train on my on the line were soaking wet! way to school. (leave) 6 Ann __________ French for two years when she 5 Tony __________ a film from the Internet. decided to go to France for six months. (never/download) 7 A lthough we __________ the house early we 6 _ ____ police __________ the hackers who still missed the train. ________ into the bank’s computer? (arrest/get) 8 H e was covered in paint because he 7 M r Thomas __________ my phone off me in __________ the kitchen all morning. the Maths lesson. (take) 8 I __________ any messages today. (not/receive) 24

used to and would Flashback 1 7 Complete the sentences with the correct form 2 Computer words of used to or would and the verbs below. 1 0 Complete the sentences with one word. play have make get like lie download switch digital stores security 1 I _________ a scooter, but I sold it. viruses hack computer 2 I _________ vegetables. I do now. 3 She _________ the clarinet at school. W hat puts me off using computers most is 4 Mum, _________ your teachers _________ (1) _________. Apart from damaging your (2) _________, some (3) _________ can be used angry if you arrived late at school? to (4) _________ into your personal data! 5 He used to go to the beach and he _________ But the good news? I recently bought an e-reader. It (5) _________ books in (6) _________ there all day. form. It’s great. I can (7) _________ thousands 6 In tests, at school I used to finish first but of electronic books onto it very cheaply and when I (8) _________ it on I can access my I _________ a lot of mistakes. whole library! Before I got one I had run out Round up! of space on my book shelves! 8 Underline the correct option. Adjectives At last, John (1) has started/had started his new 11 Underline the correct option. job. He is now (2) working/worked at Trentham girls’ school. He (3) has been waiting/is waiting 1 M y teacher told me off in front of everyone. anxiously for months to start. He (4) has never/ I was really embarrassing/embarrassed. had never worked in an all girls’ school before and he (5) had not been teaching/didn’t teach for 2 I didn’t enjoy the film. It was really bored/ very long, so he was a bit nervous. boring. He (6) walked/was walking into the school on his first day when he (7) has seen/saw two girls 3 I love studying history. I find it amazed/ in uniform smoking in the car park. Later, in the interesting. classroom, as he (8) was taking/had been taking the register, two girls arrived late. They were the 4 T he party we went to was terrible. It was same two girls that he (9) saw/had seen in the exciting/disappointing. car park. They said that their bus (10) broke/had broken down. He just told them to sit down and 5  I’m very excited/exciting about going to the continued with the lesson. He was a strict teacher concert to see my favourite band. but he never (11) use/used to raise his voice. The girls (12) had respected/respected him and he 6 I can’t follow these instructions. They are a bit became their favourite teacher. bored/confusing. VOCABULARY 7 T hose kids stole my mobile! I was really disappointing/angry. Phrasal verbs 9 Complete the sentences. 8 S he’s a great teacher. She is really encouraging/disrespectful. 1 I b____ up with my boyfriend after we had a bad argument. 12 H ow do you feel in the following situations? 2 Their old car keeps b____ down. Use the adjectives in the box. 3 Her jokes always c____ me up when I’m feeling sad. 4 Your negative comments about the film p____ shy embarrassed successful happy  confident angry sad depressed bored  me off going to see it. 5 We’re trying to w____ out the answer to the nervous relaxed friendly excited last clue in the crossword puzzle. 1 You’ve messed up a test. 6 I c____ across an interesting website about _______________________________________ new gadgets on the Internet the other day. 2 You’ve passed an important test. 7 If I don’t know something, l____ it up online. _______________________________________ 8 I can’t k____ up with all the homework – our 3 Someone has stolen your mobile phone. teacher gives us too much to do! _______________________________________ 4 You have to speak in front of a lot of people. _______________________________________ 5 You have to read a difficult book for school. _______________________________________ 6 You are going to take a Maths test. _______________________________________ 25