How Drugs Affect The Brain. Not only do drugs have a plethora of harmful effects, different drugs have very different effects. For example, the brain’s response to marijuana is much different than its response to cocaine or heroin.There are many kinds of neurotransmitters in the brain, not just one. You’ve likely heard of many of them — dopamine, serotonin, and endorphins, for example. Each neurotransmitter is responsible for something different, whether that be our pleasure and reward system or our impulse control. When someone uses drugs, these neurotransmitters are either enhanced or depleted. Certain drugs, like marijuana, mimic chemicals and actions that already occur within the brain. Although they’re similar, the signals are still different enough that they cause your brain to work harder to process any internal messages sent. Other drugs, such as heroin or cocaine, have almost the opposite effect. They either under- or over-stimulate these neurotransmitters, causing either a huge release or an overwhelming lull. This disrupts any of the conversations we have going on between our brain and the nervous system. 51
On the off chance that you feel that medications won't influence your relationship with your companions, reconsider. From the start your companions probably won't be disturbed by your medication use, despite the fact that they might not have any desire to utilize them. Inevitably however, that may change. They might need to do different things while you need to utilize drugs. Also, they probably won't appreciate your conversation while you're high and they're most certainly not. Additionally, they might not have any desire to connect with somebody who uses medications ,or spend time with a gathering of individuals who use drugs. if someone use drugs usually they are isolation from society. No friend or socialite is willing to associate with you. So you are mentally as well as physically weak. Doing this on a daily basis can distort your mind and make you mentally ill. This is a great annoyance to other people in the society. So they reject you with disgust. People with distorted minds will be a headache for children in the society , child abuse , murder and viloence will increase in the society. Then you can understand that is very werse kind of humen make through using drugs. Therfore we should stay away from the drugs and be a good man to society. 52
Adverse effect of chronic use of drugs!!!!!!!!!! 53
Avoid the drugs & safe your family ● You steal money, credit cards, or items of value from them to sell or trade for drugs ● They may have to mortgage the house to cover the expenses for treatment ● They may have to sell valuable items to raise the money to pay for treatment ● They may have to wipe out college and retirement accounts to get you help YOU HURT YOUR RELATIONS FOR USING THE DRUGS We wish to be a happy family 54
Adverse Effects of Drugs On the Brain. Depressants Slows brain activity, affecting vital bodily functions. Stimulants Interferes the reward systems, affects heart rate, blood pressure and sleep. Opioids Depresses central nervous systems and major bodily functions. Hallucinogens Alters sensory perception, can cause increased anxiety and heart rate. All drugs interfere with the chemical messaging systems, but each drug takes a slightly deferent path TG/2018/344 H.P. Sandaruwan 55
THE BAD EFFECT OF DRUG USAGE IN SOCIETY AND COUNTRY The ramification of drug abuse extend far beyond the individuals drug abuser, because the health and social consequences of drug abuse health affect, violence and crime, disruption in family, workplace and educational environment have devastating impacts on society and also country. As well as, the effect of drugs is affect the legal economy, environment and fetal and child development. -HEALTH AFFECT- HIV/AIDS: it now appears that injection drug use is the leading risk factor for new human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections in the U.S. (Holmberg, 1996). Drug and alcohol abuse heightens the risk for unsafe sexual behavior and is a factor in perinatal transmission of HIV. TB: tuberculosis (TB) rates have increased significantly among drug-using population, especially drug- resistance TB in HIV-infected drug user. OTHER DISEASE AND ILLNESS: injection drug users (IDUs) are more likely to develop serious infections and illnesses (viral hepatitis, endocarditis, pneumonia, other bacterial infection) than the non-IDU population due to the harmful effects of drug injection and their infrequent use of primary medical care services. Additionally, some forms of psychiatric disorders may result in part from drug abuse (depression, PCP- precipitated psychosis). -VIOLANCE AND CRIME- Violence and crime are linked to illicit drug abuse through the often violent nature of drug sales and distribution. Additionally, some drug addicts resort to theft to support their drug habits. Pharmacological effects of drug abuse associated with violent actions may occur de novo or with predating co-occurring psychiatric disorders. -DISRUPTION IN FAMILY- Drug abuse leads to reallocation of economic support away from the family; lack of participation in family activities, including caregiving; lack of emotional commitment and support for parents and children; in the inability to provide a reliable and role model for other family member, especially children. This impact on the family affects children development, learning, and social relations whether or not actual child abuse and neglect occur. -WORKPLACE- Employee drug use, particularly heavy use or abuse, has been found to be associated with increased absenteeism, accidents, job turnover, counterproductive behavior, and job dissatisfaction (NRC, 1996). However, drug abuse does not occur in isolation, and other related life-style behaviors are strongly correlated with employment difficulties. 56
-EDUCATION- Drug abusing students may develop cognitive and behavioral difficulties; disrupt classes; have increased psychosocial problems; or be delinquent in attending school or drop school. Additionally, violence increases as buying and selling of drugs occurs at the school site. -ECONOMY- In economic terms, drugs are a potential source of wealth. But although the drug market may generate employment, add value, and move large sums of money, this legal economy is detrimental to development. It is not possible to have sustainable development that is based on illegality. This does not mean however, that drug control policies are necessary beneficial for development. -ENVIRONMENT- Environmental damage related to illicit drugs is caused in producing countries by clearing of forests, growing of crops as monocultures, processing of harvested plants into drugs and the use of environmentally dangerous chemicals without the necessary precautions being taken. Although environmental damage due to illicit drugs precaution has, to some extent, been documented, there appears to have been little effort, to date, to compare illicit drug-related damage to that resulting from licit agriculture and industry. Further, after using the drug bottle, bags and needle and drug wastage are throw the environment but that wastage are not remove or maintain clearly. So that is can affect the environment. -FETAL AND CHILD DEVOLOPMENT- Drug abuse can impact the health of the developing fetus and child. Consequences include retardation of fetal growth, fetal alcohol syndrome, neonatal withdrawal syndrome, and neonatal neurobehavioral affects. 57
9 A picture that says a thousand things……… 58
Withdrawal. Medications Relapse prevention. and devices can help Patients can use suppress withdrawal symptoms during medications to help detoxification. re-establish normal Detoxification is not in brain function and itself \"treatment,\" but only decrease cravings. the first step in the process. Patients who do not receive Medications are any further treatment after available for detoxification usually resume their drug use. One treatment of opioid study of treatment facilities (heroin, prescription found that medications were used in almost 80 pain relievers), percent of detoxifications tobacco (nicotine), and alcohol addiction. 59
KUMARAE.M.U.S. TG/2018/350 Drug addiction is an addiction of a very severe kind. This causes the sufferer i.e. the drug addict to seek and use drugs compulsively despite the destructive consequences to those around them. This is known as a chronic brain disease because of the functional and structural changes it causes in the brain. It is the overpowering dependence on illegal or legal medications and drugs. One cannot quit taking drugs just by strong will or good intentions. Ayurveda's holistic method combines exercises, meditation, and herbal medicines to cure addiction to wards drugs Ayurvedic Remedies: • Panchakarma Therapies- Only an ayurvedic expert should perform the panchakarma therapies and rituals on you. It promotes cleanliness and helps in detoxifying the body. These therapies are done using various herbs and oils in accordance with the ancient traditions to eliminate negative conditions. • Virechana - It is the most useful Panchakarma therapy to treat addiction. Virechana is known to cleanse the gastro-intestinal tract and purify the blood of toxins of a period of a few days. It helps decontaminate your spleen, stomach, liver, kidneys, colon, intestines and sweat glands through varied herbs and laxatives such as castor oil, mango juice, raisins, cow's milk, psyllium seeds, flaxseed husk, prune and senna. • Rasayana therapies - Rasayana therapy is another 60 very useful Ayurvedic treatment for treating drug abuse and addiction. It is based upon the transmutation and conservation of energy to improve the mental as well as physical characteristics in order to increase your body's natural metabolic processes while enhancing your immune system and brain function.
Isuranga D.W.L TG\\2018\\351 Why Practice Mindfulness Meditation? Mindfulness meditation can be beneficial for you to address negative thoughts and feelings, as well as the effects of chronic stress. Studies have shown that practicing mindfulness meditation can help in decreasing cortisol levels. And in doing so, you will be able to manage your stress better. How Does Meditation Help With Addiction All of us have our addictions. It could be television, chocolates, junk food, sodas, coffee, cigarettes, or illicit drugs. Whatever your addiction is, if you want to break free from it, then you can consider practicing meditation. If its benefits do not convince you, here are more pieces of information on how meditation can help treat addictions. Learning How to Meditate During Recovery ✓ Find a place that is quiet so you won’t be distracted. ✓ Look for a comfortable spot where you can sit. You can do this cross-legged. You may also sit on a sofa or chair as long as it is convenient for you. Try not to lie down so that you won’t get sleepy. ✓ You may close your eyes, or you may focus on something in front of you. ✓ Take deep breaths. Inhale through your nose and exhale through your mouth. ✓ Focus on your breathing. Take note of each moment you inhale, and you exhale. ✓ Whenever your mind begins to wander, don’t be hard on yourself. Just return to focusing on your breathing. 61
Yoga is a complementary, or adjunct, health practice that is often considered a natural form of medicine. Adjunct means “in addition to,” and not “in place of.” Yoga is often beneficial when used in tandem with other traditional substance abuse treatment methods. The Yoga Journal describes modern yoga as the use of physical postures to learn how to Connect mind, body, and breath to gain self-awareness and focus attention in ward. According to data published by US News & World Report, around 21 million Americans practice yoga, a number that has doubled in the past 10 years. Yoga has many potential benefits, Yoga is increasingly including: being used in substance abuse treatment programs and *Stress relief throughout recovery to help *Increased physical stamina and prevent relapse, reduce strength withdrawal symptoms and drug *Self-reflection and increased self- cravings, and provide a healthy awareness outlet to cope with potential *Healthier exercise and eating habits triggers and daily life stressors. *Heightened self-confidence and improved self-image 62 *Pain relief *Better sleep *Increased energy levels *Reduction in fatigue *Emotional healing *Overall health and wellness improvement Dharmappriya N.W.U.C.S TG\\2018\\346
That is a good decision. I I am a drug addict. I We can help you. Let me need to give up this bad tell you a little bit about habit. I lost everything. Rehabilitation Center. So that, I need to go to a Rehab center • There are 04 rehabilitation centers under the National Council for control of Dangerous Drugs. • Considerations when referring to rehabilitation centers, ➢ Age of the person concerned ➢ Gender ➢ Duration of reference to drugs • Treatments were provided through rehabilitation centers, ➢ Personal and family counseling ➢ Detoxification treatment ➢ Physical activity ➢ Mental well-being ➢ Indoor and outdoor activities ➢ Psychotherapy ➢ Vocational trainings ➢ Skill development programs ➢ Behavioral therapy ➢ Music therapy ➢ Meditation exercises • Everyone who goes to a rehabilitation center is referred for two months of residential treatment. • A person who is employed can also be referred for rehabilitation and will be given residential treatment for 14 days. • Quick call number 1984 Rathnayaka R.M.S.M TG/2018/348 63
The Benefits of Treating Drug Addicts Stopping drug abuse, the goal of treatment is to return people to productive functioning in family, workplace, community. By receiving treatment, 64
These skills development are expected by treating drug addicts. 65
ISSUE 00 TREATMENTS FOR DRUG ADADDICTIONS MON T H YEAR MAIN T REATMENT T YPES ➢ P HY S ICA L TRE A TME NT • WE S TE RN TRE A TME NT • TRA DITIONA L TRE A TME NTS ➢ ME NTA L TRE A TME NTS EXAMPLES FOR TG/2018/349 -- K.M.J.R.KARUNARATHNE PHYSICA L TREATM E N TS Addictive disorders are a group of disorders that can cause physical and Treatment medications, psychological damage. Receiving treatment is essential for breaking the cycle of addiction. such as methadone, buprenorphine, and WESTERN TREATMENTS To evaluate clinical trials and neurochemical naltrexone (including a mechanisms of the action of traditional herbal new long-acting First step towards recovery is acknowledging remedies and acupuncture for treating drug formulation), are that substance use has become a problem in addiction. available for individuals the person’s life which is disrupting the quality addicted to opioids, while of their life. This can result from impairment in We used computerized literature searches in nicotine preparations school, work, social, recreational or other English and Chinese and examined texts (patches, gum, lozenges, important areas of function. written before these computerized databases and nasal spray) and the existed. We used search terms of treatment medications varenicline Once an individual recognizes the negative and neurobiology of herbal medicines, and and bupropion are impact of a substance on their life, a wide acupuncture for drug abuse and dependence available for individuals range of treatment options is available. addicted to tobacco. Traditional herbal treatments can compliment Disulfiram, acamprosate, A doctor will also treat or refer for treatment pharmacotherapies for drug withdrawal and and naltrexone any physical complications that have possibly relapse prevention with less expense are medications available developed, such as liver disease in a person and perhaps fewer side effects with notable for treating alcohol with alcohol use disorder or respiratory issues exceptions. Both acupuncture and herbal dependence,1 which in people with an addiction to substances treatments need testing as adjuncts to reduce commonly co-occurs which have been smoked. doses and durations of standard with other drug pharm acotherapies.. addictions, including addiction to prescription medications. 66
Several treatment options are available, and most people experiencing addiction will receive a combination of approaches. None of the treatments for addictive disorders work for every person. Common interventions might involve a combination of inpatient and outpatient programs, psychological counseling, self-help groups, and medication. MENTAL TREATMENTS Mental health means having good ways to deal with your feelings and how to enjoy life, even when things are hard. Having a healthy mind and body are both very important. Everyone has good days and bad days. A bad day doesn't mean you have a mental illness, but you can still improve your mental health. 67
1101 The Benefits of Treating Drug Addicts 68
SOCIAL INTERVENTION OF DRUG ABUSE IN SRI LANKA Social Intervention for Drugs There are many social problems prevailing in the world. Drug addiction is one of the more vexing social problems in the modern era of globalization. Millions of people across the world have lost control of their own lives by falling prey to drugs. There are a number of harmful drugs available legally and illegally in the market in practically every city. Internal biological and external environmental factors contribute to increase the chances of drug addiction. The unpredictable effects and consequences of drug abuse are wide ranging and can affect people of all ages. For example, they can affect a person’s health, physical fitness, psychological well-being, and finances. Drug addiction has become a major problem in Sri Lanka as it destroys the life and soul of the people. Heroin and cannabis are found to be the most consumed drugs in Sri Lanka. Laws and policies aimed at controlling drug abuse and drug addiction have not brought any major changes or the desired outcomes in Sri Lanka, with the underground drug market continuing business as usual. Drug users in Sri Lanka get their drugs from internal sources and external sources. Prevalence of drug usage is higher in urban areas compared to rural areas in Sri Lanka. Drug related offences have also increased in all parts of the country. Rehabilitation of drug addicts has become an urgent need of the hour to rescue the valuable citizens from the clutches of drugs to build a sustainable country. Currently, the Sri Lankan Government and Non-Governmental Organizations are providing residential care treatment and rehabilitation services for drug addicts who are found across the country. Drug addiction is preventable and can be managed successfully if all citizens give their full support and contribute as necessary. Together with other comprehensive plans, policies and programmed to overcome the drug menace, people from all walks of life should participate to eliminate drug addiction and the drugs trade in Sri Lanka. 69
Social interventions are structured psychological or social interventions used to address substance- related problems. They can be used at different stages of drug treatment to identify the problem, treat it, and assist with social reintegration. Motivational interviewing is a collaborative conversation style aimed at strengthening a person’s motivation and commitment to change .It is used in many situations where someone needs to be helped to take a decision, and it can be provided by therapists, counsellors or other specially trained professionals. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) helps clients to build self-confidence and address the thoughts that are believed to be at the root of their drug problems, and learn to recognise and handle what triggers them. Following a diagnosis of drug dependence, cognitive therapies are delivered by licensed psychotherapists in outpatient settings, and sessions can also be available in residential treatment facilities and prisons. Brief interventions use the collaborative conversation style of motivational interviewing to address problematic or risky drug use, but are delivered in a shorter timeframe, ranging from 5–30 minutes. Based on the ‘5As’ — ask, advise, assess, assist and arrange — they are delivered by professionals including physicians, nurses and other healthcare workers . Contingency management refers to a set of interventions involving concrete rewards for clients that achieve target behaviours. It involves rewarding and reinforcing behaviours other than drug use and can, for example, be used during drug treatment to show that a user is remaining abstinent or to incentivise a user’s presence at work in a social reintegration programme. Self-help groups are voluntarily not-for-profit organisations where people meet to discuss and address shared addiction problems and to provide support for each other, with senior members often mentoring or ‘sponsoring’ new ones. Self-help groups are usually led by former drug users or other peers in a range of places within the community, and in healthcare and prison settings. Family therapy is used to treat drug use and the problem behaviours that can be associated with it, especially during adolescence, such as psychiatric symptoms, problems at school, delinquency and high- risk sexual behaviour. Family therapy can be delivered by specialists in outpatient settings, and can also be provided in the patient’s home. TG/2018/355 K.R.S.Piyarathna 70
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Innervations of drugs Society’s innervation How Drug Abuse Affects Society: • Increase in child custody losses • Increase in child abuse and neglect • Increase in addiction risks for children of drug- addicted parents • Increase in domestic disputes • Increased rates of homelessness and poverty • Substantial financial health care burden • Increased rates of co-occurring mental disorders • Increase in insurance premiums, taxes • Increased strain on co-workers • Increase in the number of people incarcerated in state and federal prisons • Increase in rates of violent crimes on college campuses • Losses in revenue for businesses and universities Drug addiction is a complex illness with far-reaching consequences for those who know, work with, and support the drug-addicted individual. Even if you don’t know someone who is abusing drugs directly, you are likely impacted in other ways, whether through taxation, paying higher insurance premiums or college tuition, or in picking up hours at work. Drug addiction knows no boundaries. Adolescents' use of harmful legal products, including daily household products, prescription drugs, and inhalation or overdose, is becoming a growing health issue for American society. Therefore, a targeted approach to preventing such a drug problem in a community may not be sufficient to reduce use and abuse at the youth level. Therefore, the primary focus of this article is on an innovative, comprehensive, community-based preventive intervention. The intervention described here is based on previous research that has the potential to prevent the use of alcohol and other legal substances by young people. It generates preventive interventions based on three sources from the field of substance abuse: Community mobilization, environmental strategies and school-based preventive education intervention. The results of a potential project are presented and the interpretation of the planned performance test is discussed 72
Government innervation Tax intervention His economy is greatly impacted by the drug and alcohol epidemic: • Alcohol and drugs account for 52 percent of all traffic fatalities, according to the Hazelden Foundation. • Due to the rise in insurance premiums and lower productivity, drug and alcohol abuse costs corporations 93 billion dollars a year. • Addictions also significantly impact on the tax burden, due to costs for treatment incarceration and social welfare to care for addicted individuals and their families. Prices of illicit drugs, in contrast to those of other commodities, primarily reflect the perceived level of risk involved in manufacture and trafficking. Prices and profits in the illicit drug industry are not proportional to factor costs, but seem to be related proportionately to the risks and the degree of monopoly at each stage of production and marketing. Drug abuse indicts immeasurable harm on public health and safety around the world each year, and threatens the peaceful development and smooth functioning of many societies. An understanding of the economic costs of drug abuse is necessary to develop policies that reduce such costs. Attempts to calculate the global monetary burden of drug abuse, however, are mired in data limitations in the many areas that must be taken into account to arrive at even a rough estimate of the total global cost of drug abuse. Analysis of the economic consequences of drug abuse must account for expenditure associated with policy choices and take into consideration any gains and externalities. Although accounting for the full, real dollar costs of drug abuse worldwide is challenging, analyzing its consequences and understanding the domains it elects helps us to gain a clearer picture of the ways in which drug abuse affects the world. 73
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INTERVATION TG/2018/362 75
Measures to be taken to keep the drug out of society (especially teenagers) The different types of drugs are used people who are in different age levels in the society. Matured people in the society have some freedom than the children to freely use the drugs without external impacts. With the increase of age from the childhood, most of children may be separated from the custody of their parent because of following major causes around their family background; 1. The carelessness of parent 2. The busyness of parent 3. The going abroad of parent 4. The poverty of family The teenagers have higher tendency for the addiction and the use of the drugs. The teenagers will take some freedom in their lives with the increasing of their age. There are different types of measures to be implemented to keep the drugs out of society. Accordingly to four causes mentioned above, the good family background is a most important measure to keep the people (especially teenagers) out from the drugs. The parent should always care about their children until they are matured in society to take their own good decisions. Parent should always take the time to spend with their children for communicating care and love with each other. By caring and loving always about teenagers, they may be tended to soften. When teenagers are softened, parent can easily handle and keep teenagers in the right path of society. The keeping a good family background is the first and base measure to keep teenagers out from the drugs. The teenagers can be easily separated from drugs by focusing them to a right path in their childhood before they become teenagers. Therefore, parent always try to keep a good family background to separate the family from the bad impacts comes from society. The all matured people in the society should have a responsibility about the all children (especially teenagers) in society to protect (keep out) them from the drugs. Therefore, firstly matured people should always be exemplary in society by avoiding the use of the drugs. The education is also a good measure to be taken to keep the drugs out of society. Educational schools and institutes should be there for always providing guidance and instruction to the teenagers about the consequences of the use of drugs, and importance of the avoiding drugs from their lives. The main reason teens start using illegal drugs is that social pressure is used by their peers. Nobody wants to be left out and teenagers find themselves doing things they would not usually do just to fit in. You either need to find a stronger group of friends in these situations who will not bully you into doing bad stuff, or you need to find a good way to say no. To keep from giving into tempting circumstances, teens should prepare a good excuse or plan ahead of time. People are overworked and stressed today, and sometimes feel like a good break is deserved or a reward. But in the end, medications just make it more difficult, and at the moment, many of us all too 76
often struggle to realize this. Find other ways to handle tension and relax in order to avoid using drugs as a reward. Take up exercising, read a good book, volunteer, build something for the poor. In order to alleviate tension, something good and soothing helps take the mind off using drugs. Mental disorder and misuse of drugs often go hand-in-hand. As a way to ease the pain, those with a mental health disorder can turn to drugs. Those suffering from any type of mental health condition, such as anxiety, depression, or post-traumatic stress disorder, before it leads to drug use should seek the assistance of a qualified care provider. TG_2016_080 TG_2017_158 TG_2017_194 77
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12 Beneficial uses and effects of drugs Giving Making feel people good energy Relieving Reducing pain stress Lowering Treating cholesterol diabetes Lowering Lowering blood blood pressure pressure 80
Cholesterol-Lowering Drugs Some people have a genetic predisposition to high blood cholesterol levels. Cholesterol is produced in the physique through the liver but is additionally taken in from food derived from animals (such as meat and dairy products.) if someone may have a genetic problem that leads to high blood cholesterol levels, or human ldl cholesterol might be high due to meals alternatives and lack of physical activity. people can enhance cholesterol stages with a healthy weight-reduction plan and exercise, but if the cholesterol level doesn’t drop low sufficient to be healthy, hence healthcare company would possibly prescribe medication. There are several classes of drugs used to decrease cholesterol. These include: ❖ Statins. ❖ PCSK9 inhibitors. ❖ Fabric acid derivatives (also called fibrates). ❖ Bile acid sequestrants (also called bile acid resins). ❖ Nicotinic acid (also called niacin). ❖ Selective cholesterol absorption inhibitors. ❖ Omega 3 fatty acids and fatty acid esters. ❖ Adenosine triphosphate-citrate lyase (ACL) inhibitors. Drugs may help to Reducing stress Because stress manifests as a function of the body and brain, both of which are essentially chemically driven systems, a wide variety of medications can be used to aid in the process of stress relief and prevention. There is no one specific family of medicines that is used to decrease stress. Instead, physicians may prescribe a range of medications to address specific stress- related symptoms. For instance, sedatives (also referred to as tranquilizers, hypnotics, and/or anxiolytics), antidepressants, and beta-blockers have all been used to help people cope with stress. A note of caution is appropriate with regard to using medicines for stress relief. Many of the medications that are useful for stress relief are also addictive. Serious behavioral and health problems are possible and even likely to occur as a result of using such substances unless care is exercised. All of the medicines described below (addictive or not) have the potential for side effects and health risks and should only be used as prescribed by a responsible and licensed physician. 81
Drugs may help to reducing blood pressure There are several classes of drugs designed to reduce blood pressure (also called antihypertensive drugs or simply antihypertensive). The following are the most commonly used antihypertensive: All of these medications can prevent long-term effects of high blood pressure. The suitability of a medication will depend on various factors. It is best to talk to your doctor about which of the medications is suitable for you. The most important issue is whether you have any other medical conditions. ❖ ACE inhibitors ❖ Beta blockers ❖ Diuretics ❖ Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) ❖ Sartans (angiotensin receptor blockers, or ARBs) Sandaruwan D.P.DE.W.M.S. L – (TG/2016/071) 82
Beneficial uses and effects of drug usage Points of drug can be beneficial Does drug make feel good and happy and smart? It depends on what is meant by ''happy'' and ''smart. There are already drugs that brighten moods, like Prozac, and other antidepressants that control levels of a brain chemical called serotonin. While originally meant to treat depression, these drugs have been used for other psychological conditions like shyness and anxiety and even by otherwise healthy people to feel better about themselves. But is putting people in a better mood really making them happy? People can also drown their sorrows in alcohol or get a euphoric feeling using narcotics, but few people who do would be called truly happy. Social benefits of drug use The social benefits of drug use are more complex to quantify. But there are now numerous studies showing people use alcohol or other drugs in social settings such as bars, clubs and parties to enhance their interactions with others through increased confidence, greater sociability and less anxiety. For some people this leads to longer-term benefits such as stronger bonds with friends. This was shown in recent Australian studies where young people reported cultural gains from drug use, such as strengthening social ties and gaining access to social networks that offered a form of cultural capital Using drugs make feel energized Energy drinks can give someone a temporary boost in alertness or physical pep, but there’s a downside.it is better to memorize before that using energy drinks can have unpleasant side effects. People have even gone to the ER complaining about side effects. Now it turns out there’s another risk associated with energy drinks: College students’ regular use of energy drinks might increase their risk for drug problems. 83
Drug addiction is major effect Addiction is a progressive disease. Because substance use and abuse changes a person’s brain, what starts out as curiosity or a fix for boredom rapidly becomes an uncontrollable compulsion. People from all walks of life can experience problems with their drug use, regardless of age, race, background, or the reason they started using drugs in the first place. Some people experiment with recreational drugs out of curiosity, to have a good time, because friends are doing it, or to ease problems such as stress, anxiety, or depression. However, it’s not just illegal drugs, such as cocaine or heroin that can lead to abuse and addiction. Prescription medications such as painkillers, sleeping pills, and tranquilizers can cause similar problems. How drug abuse and addiction develop There is a fine line between regular drug use and drug abuse and addiction. Very few drug abusers or addicts can recognize when they have crossed that line. While frequency or the number of drugs consumed do not necessarily constitute drug abuse or addiction, they can often be indicators of drug-related problems. Kodikara A.D.L – (TG/2016/077) 84
Coordinators • TG/2018/283 • TG/2018/295 • TG/2018/334 • TG/2018/335 • TG/2018/339 • TG/2018/345 • TG/2018/319 85
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