Sangju 2020 (Vol 7-II, Final)

Transboundary Year Landscape Programmes- 2020 Newsletter (India) SANGJU Vol. 7 (II) Sacred A empt for Natural Growth & Joyful Union ISSN - 2454- 5961 'SANGJU'- the newsletter is so named as the term in local dialect in Uttarakhand signifies the holy association or friendship. This is an attempt to make all concerned aware about activities and efforts contributed by various partners of Transboundary Landscape Conservation and Development Initiative within Indian part of the Himalayan Landscape. The newsletter was initially launched from KSLCDI programme. However, based on the approval of National Coordination Committee (NCC) on transboundary programme, it was extended to other transboundary Landscape programme. The SANGJU newsletter is published bi-annually on regular basis which happening within the landscape, other than activities of project partners, get suitable place. ‘स गजू’, िजसका उ राख ड क े ीय GBPNIHE भाषा म अिभ ाय ‘सहयोगी’ या ‘िम ’ से है, भारतीय िहमालय म चयिनत सीमापारीय G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment प र य के सरं ण एवं िवकास पहल के तहत कायरत सभी सं थाओं ारा िकये जा रहे कायकलाप से सभी सरोकार को अवगत कराने का एक यास है । पि का का काशन िनरंतर होना है, िजसम प रयोजनाओं से जुड़े सहयोिगय के अित र , प र य म कायरत अ य सं थाओं के कायकलाप को भी उिचत थान िदया जाना है ।

SसANGगJUजू CONTENTS सम वयक Coordinator From Coordinator's Pen आर. एस. रावल Strengthening Transboundary Landscape Ini a ves R.S. Rawal िनदशे क Khangchendzonga Landscape गोिव द ब लभ पंत रा ीय Director l Strengthening Yak network for Social-Ecological Resilience of the Highland Communi es across िहमालयी पयावरण सं थान G.B. Pant Na onal Ins tute Khangchendzonga Landscape of Himalayan Environment l Exhibited Yak value chain products at transboundary level l Regional webinar on large cardamom based agro-entrepreneurship development in KL –India मु य सपं ादक Chief Editor राजशे जोशी Rajesh Joshi Kailash Sacred Landscape l Trans-Boundary (TB) forum on biodiversity management सपं ादक मंडल Editorial Team l Cultural heritage documenta on of 'RUNG' community of KSL KLCDI के . एल. सी. डी. आई. Kailash S. Gaira Events and Ac vi es कै लाश िसंह गड़ै ा Aseesh Pandey आशीष पा डेय Geetamani Che ri Khangchendzonga Landscape गीतामनी छे ी l Livelihood Enhancement of rural women through ecotourism prac ces for adapta on to climate के . एस. एल. सी. डी. आई. KSLCDI change in Khangchendzonga Landscape- India आई. डी. भ I. D. Bha l Workshop cum Brainstorming on post-harvest and value-chain management of large cardamom in िव म िसहं नेगी Vikram S. Negi Khangchendzonga Landscape l Forma on of large cardamom based stakeholder's network हाई-लाइफ HI LIFE l Ini ated morphological characteriza on of exis ng large cardamom cul vars महे िसहं लोधी M.S. Lodi l Providing support to rural communi es in KL-India pilot sites with respect to COVID-19 pandemic ©2020 GBPNIHE (Gorkhey-Samanden villages) G.B. Pant Na onal Ins tute of Himalayan Environment l Provided support to communi es in Bandapani pilot site of KL-India pilot sites with respect to COVID- Cita on 19 pandemic GBPNIHE. 2020. SANGJU- A Newsle er of TBL Ini a ves l COVID 19 awareness campaign linking solid waste management at Lingtam under KLCDI-India Vol. 7 (II). Almora, U arakhand, India l Distribu on of support material to highlanders of KL-India l Green skill development programme (GSDP) on large cardamom farming and livelihood enhancement Published by l Strengthened ongoing organic farming ac vi es in Gorkhey-Samanden G. B. Pant Na onal Ins tute of Himalayan Environment l Monitoring of LTM sites of KL-India (An Autonomous Ins tute of Ministry of Environment, l Establishment of resource recovery centre in KL-India Forest & Climate Change, Government of India) Kosi-Katarmal, Almora 263 643, U arakhand, INDIA Kailash Sacred Landscape Web: h p://gbihed.gov.in l Promo ng conserva on of threatened plant species in west Himalayan region: a par cipatory bl if=dk dh lkekxzh fofHkUu laLFkkvksa ls feyh lwpuk ij vk/kkfjr approach gS] vr% fdlh Hkh =`fV ;k Hkwy gsrq xks-c-i-jk-fg-i- laLFkku ;k l Field orienta on and hands-on training programme for medicinal plant cul va on in Chaudas area laikndx.k ftEesnkj ugha gksaxs] lekpkjksa dh foLr`r tkudkjh gsrq l Establishment of demonstra on site at Sri Narayan Ashram and school conserva on model lEcaf/kr vk;kstd laLFkku ls laidZ fd;k tk ldrk gSA l Value-addi on training programme (chips forma on of Hedychium spicatum) at Chaudas area l Promo ng restora on programmes on degraded lands through medicinally important plant species – Disclaimer: The informa on furnished in this Newsle er is based on the inputs received from various organiza ons, a par cipatory approach so the ins tute (i.e. GBPNIHE) or any member(s) of the editorial board will not be responsible for any mistake, Hi-Life misprint or factual error, if any. For further details about l Implemen ng efficient management strategies in periphery areas of Namdapha Na onal Park/Tiger the contents, please contact the concerned organizing ins tute. Reserve l Workshops/ Trainings on hospitality and implemen ng homestay tourism guidelines Cover Photo: (Courtesy - Dr. Aseesh Pandey) Topical Ar cles l Morphological characteris cs of different cul vars of Large cardamom in Khangchendzonga Landscape-India l Tradi onal fermented beverage of Khangchendzonga Landscape (KL)- India and Its scope in community based tourism l Diversity fair: tool to study the wild edible local resources under hi-life India Success Story l Introduc on of Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) at Gorkhey-Samanden transboundary village l Community based ecotourism management in Dzongu of Khangchendzonga Landscape Hindi Sec on l pkSnakl ?kkVh esa mPp ewY; ds vkS\"kèkh; ikniksa dk laoèkZu ,oa —f\"kdj.k Par cipant's reflec on l Large cardamom farming and livelihood enhancement cer ficate course: a wholesome review and personal experience

रा ीय सम वयक क From National Coordinator's कलम से PEN bl laLFkku }kjk foxr dqN o\"kksZ ls Hkkjrh; fgeky;h {ks= ds fpfUgr This ins tute with the ac ve par cipa on of other partners lhekikjh; {ks=ksa esa Hkkjrh; lg;ksxh laLFkkvksa ds lg;ksx ls laj{k.k carrying out conserva on and development ac vi es in three ,oa fodkl dk;ZØe fd;s tk jgs gSaA ;s xfrfof/k;k¡ eq[;r% iden fied transboundary landscapes (TBLs) in the Indian lkeqnkf;d Hkkxhnkjh ds lkFk laj{k.k ,oa izd`fr ds lkFk lkaetL; Himalayan Region. These ac vi es largely focused on ensuring cSBkus ij dsfUnzr gSaA bu ifjn`';ksa dh varfuZfgr 'kfDr;ksa dk mi;ksx conserva on with the community par cipa on and building djrs gq, nh?kZdkfyd y{;ksa dh izkfIr gsrq iz;kl tkjh gSaA bl izdkj harmony with nature. Efforts are underway to achieve long- dh lhekikjh; ifj;kstuk;sa ¼gkbZ&ykbQ] ds-,y-lh-Mh-vkbZ- rFkk ds- term goals through capitalizing on the inherent strengths of ,l-,y-lh-Mh-vkbZ-½ {ks=h; fofo/krk ,oa laj{k.k iz;klksa dks tkuus these landscapes and partners. The trans-boundary projects rFkk le>us dk volj Hkh iznku djrh gSaA (HI-LIFE, KLCDI, KSLCDI) provide an opportunity to understand and learn about regional issues on conserva on and blds vfrfjDr ;g iz;kl {ks=h; Lrj ij lQyrk dh d`fr;ksa dks development. lk>k djus ,oa Hkfo\"; dh laHkkoukvksa dks ryk'kus dk volj iznku dj jgh gSaA bl if=dk esa lgHkkxh laLFkkuksa }kjk fØ;kfUor fofHkUu Addi onally, these ini a ves are means to share the success xfrfof/k;ksa mnkgj.kkFkZ & bZdks&VwfjTe] gkseLVs] ;kd dk laj{k.k] stories regionally and explore the possibili es for the future izkd`frd lalk/kuksa dk lrr~ mi;ksx] vkS\"k/kh; ikniksa ,oa cM+h partnership. In this Newsle er, different ac vi es e.g., eco- byk;ph dh xq.koÙkk lq/kkj&o`gr [ksrh] bR;kfn dks la{ksfir fd;k tourism, homestay, conserva on of Yak and natural resources, x;k gSA ;g 'kks/k o fodkl dh xfrfof/k;k¡ lkeqnkf;d vkRefuHkZjrk commercial cul va on of medicinal plants and extensive dks c<+kok nsus ds lkFk&lkFk izkd`frd lalk/kuksa ds laj{k.k esa Hkh cardamom cul va on and improvement, etc., undertaken in lgk;d gqbZ gSA these landscapes by the partnering ins tu ons have been summarized. These R&D based ac vi es have helped laj{k.k ,oa fodkl ds y{; dh izkfIr gsrq fofHkUu izf'k{k.k dk;ZØeksa promo ng community livelihoods as well as contribute to ,oa dk;Z'kkykvksa ds ek/;e ls ,d fHkUu leqnk; dk xBu gks ik;k gS conserva on of natural resources. tks fd lrr~ fodkl o laj{k.k ds y{; ikus esa lgk;d gksxkA fgeky;h tSo&fofo/krk ds laj{k.k ,oa mi;ksx gsrq leqnk; fo'ks\"k dh Awareness and capacity building of the community through Hkkxhnkjh lqfuf'pr djus dh fn'kk esa ;g ,d iz;kl gSA ;g if=dk various trainings, workshops, brainstorming events have fpfUgr {ks=ksa esa fØ;kfUor 'kks/k ,oa fodkl dk;ksZa rFkk izkd`frd developed an awakened mass of people who can help in lalk/kuksa ds lrr~ mi;ksx vkfn dk vuqlj.k djus dk volj iznku achieving conserva on goals in future. Community-specific djrh gSA bl if=dk esa {ks=h; fodkl dk;ksZa] ?kVukvksa] yksdfiz; par cipa on was ensured for conserva on and sustainable ys[kksa ,oa lQyre dgkfu;ksa dks lekfgr fd;k x;k gS] tks fd u liza on of Himalayan biodiversity. This Newsle er provides a ifj;kstuk lgHkkxh;ksa dks ,d iVy ij dk;ksZa&vuqHkoksa dks lk>k pla orm for all the partners to brief their R&D happenings in djus dk volj iznku dj jgh gSA these iden fied landscapes. The magazine contains regional development works, events, popular ar cles and success gkaykfd] orZeku esa fofHkUu ubZ pqukSfr;k¡ fodkl ,oa 'kks/k dk;ksZa gsrq stories and over the years provides project partners an mHkjus yxh gSaA rFkkfi eSa ;g mEehn djrk g¡w fd Hkkxhnkj laLFkku opportunity to share their work on one pla orm. viuh xfrfof/k;ksa esa bl ij fopkj djsxsaA esjk lHkh ikBdksa ls vuqjks/k gS fd os **lUxtw** dh xq.koÙkk esa lq/kkj gsrq vius lq>ko lk>k djsaA However, new challenges in R&D work have started emerging. It is expected that partner ins tu ons will bring in new Mk0 vkj0 ,l0 jkoy considera ons in their R&D ac vi es. I would request all funs'kd readers to share their sugges ons for improvement in the content and quality of \"Sangju\". xksfoUn cYyHk iar jk\"Vªh; fgeky;h i;kZoj.k laLFkku jk\"Vªh; leUo;d] Vh-ch-,y- Hkkjr Dr. R.S. Rawal Director G.B. Pant Na onal Ins tute of Himalayan Environment Na onal Coordinator, T.B.L. India

SसANGगJUजू 1 STRENGTHENING TRANSBOUNDARY LANDSCAPE INITIATIVES Khangchendzonga Landscape (KL)-India Strengthening Yak Network for Social-Ecological Resilience of the Highland Communities across Khangchendzonga Landscape कं चनजंगा प र य संर ण और िवकास पहल (के .एल.सी.डी.आई.)-भारत काय म के तहत उ च िहमालयी (हाइलड) समदु ाय के सीमापरीय प र य म सामािजक और पा रि थितक लचीलपे न को मजबूत बनाने के िलए याक पालन पर एक े ीय वेिबनार का आयोजन िकया गया। काय म का मु य उ े य, िहमालयी े म याक पालन समदु ाय के बीच अिभनव और अ छी थाओंको साझा करके याक पालन म सधु ार तथा उ च िहमालयी समदु ाय क आजीिवका संवधन के िलए याक आधा रत उ पाद का मू य-वधन और दशन था । काय म के दौरान भारतीय िहमालय (ल ाख, उ राखडं , िसि कम और अ णाचल दशे ) के याक पालन वाले रा य, नेपाल और भटू ान ने भाग िलया और याक आधा रत िहतधारक का संजाल (नटे वक) शु िकए जाने हते ु यास आरंभ िकये गए । A regional webinar on Yak Rearing in the Himalaya- mainstream iden fied ac ons (short-term, mid-term and Strengthening Yak networks in Transboundary Landscapes long-term) on yak rearing with the on-going stakeholder for Social-Ecological Resilience of the Highland plans and programmes for be er ownership and Communi es\" was organized on 25th and 26th November sustainability, iv) Showcasing of yak-based products for their 2020. The main objec ves of the event were i) Sharing wider outreach and dissemina on and livelihood promo on innova ve experiences and good prac ces on yak rearing to highland communi es. A total of 40 panelists (male 30 and (rangelands, fodder, nutri on, breeding, health, value female 10) including scien sts, academicians, researchers chains) for ac ons across the Himalayan region, ii) Ini a ng a and policy makers from KL (India, Nepal, Bhutan) and regional level dialogue among relevant departments, policy Interna onal Centre for Integrated Mountain Development makers, civil society, private sectors, community ins tu ons (ICIMOD) had par cipated the event. by developing stakeholder's network, iii) Priori se and Glimpses of regional webinar on Yak, par cipa on from India, Nepal and Bhutan

SसANGगJUजू 2 Exhibited Yak Value Chain Products at Transboundary Level याक आधा रत उ पाद , उनक यापक पहंच और सबसे मह वपूण प से उ च िहमालयी समुदाय क आजीिवका सवं धन और सार के िलए उ री िसि कम के चुंगथांग म सं थान ारा एक दशनी का आयोजन िकया गया। काय म म याक आधा रत िहतधारक जैसे नीित िनमाताओ,ं शोध सं थान , िवभाग , थानीय शासी िनकाय (जु सा) ने ितभाग िकया और भारत के िविभ न याक पालक िहमालयी रा य (अ णाचल देश, उ राखंड, ल ाख, िसि कम) और पड़ोसी देश भूटान और नेपाल से याक पालन क तकनीक और मू य विधत उ पाद को दिशत िकया गया। । An interac on mee ng with different Yak-based infesta on and gid diseases and their management, stakeholders involving research ins tutes, policy makers, improved processing of yak milk and meat products, line departments, local governing bodies and Yak breeding behaviour of yak, ar ficial insemina on (AI) and herders/owners was organized on 26 November 2020, in embryo transfer technology (ETT) etc. were exhibited. Apart Chungthang, North Sikkim. This event was followed by an from the posters, booklets, fliers, brochures, pamphlets, exhibi on of yak-based products. The chief guest of the manuals, etc. were also displayed during the exhibi on. Len event was Shri S. B. Subba, Secretary, Department of Animal Tha (a rope made from yak hair used in fastening calf), Husbandry, Livestock, Fisheries and Veterinary Services bodylicious (yak milk soap) were also put in the display by the (AHLF&VS), Government of Sikkim. A total of 17 entries of AHLF&VS Department, Government of Sikkim. A total of 30 posters from different yak rearing Himalayan states of India par cipants (26 male, 4 female) had a ended the event. (Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim, U arakhand, Ladakh), and During the event, par cipants were also informed about neighbouring countries Bhutan and Nepal along with yak improved technologies for Yak rearing; value-added based value-added products from KL-India were showcased. products, livelihood op ons, government Different yak based interven ons such as Complete Feed schemes/ini a ves related to highland/highlanders etc. Block (CFB): an alternate feed for highland livestock, warble Exhibi on of yak products and other yak based interven ons at Chungthang, North Sikkim

SसANGगJUजू 3 Regional Webinar on Large Cardamom based Agro-Entrepreneurship Development in KL कं चनजंगा प र य म बड़ी इलायची आधा रत कृ िष उ िमता के िवकास और आजीिवका विृ पर े ीय तर के वेिबनार का आयोजन जी.बी.पी.एन.आई.एच.ई., एस.आर.सी. ारा के .एल.सी.डी.आई.- भारत काय म के तहत िकया गया। इस वेिबनार म बड़ी इलायची सबं ंिधत युवा उ मी, मू य- ंखृ ला िवशेष , गितशील िकसान समूह सिहत भारत, नेपाल और भूटान के ितभागी शािमल थे। Regional webinar on Large cardamom based agro- experts, progressive farmer groups etc. During the event entrepreneurship development in KL was organized by Large cardamom value-addi on, value-chain development, GBPNIHE, SRC, from Yuksam, West Sikkim, on 23 December steps and processes of value-chain development at 2020 on Large cardamom farming and livelihood consumer, processing and producer level as well as enhancement. Total of 35 par cipants (19 male, 16 female) challenges were discussed which was followed by panel from Khangchendzonga Landscape covering India, Nepal discussion on poten al in Large cardamom-based agro- and Bhutan par cipated in the webinar including Large entrepreneurship in KL. cardamom-based young entrepreneurs, value-chain Glimpses of regional webinar on Large cardamom value-chain opportuni es for Agro-entrepreneurship in Khangchendzonga Landscape

SसANGगJUजू 4 Kailash Sacred Landscape Trans-Boundary (TB) Forum on Biodiversity Management जैव िविवधता पर स मेलन (सी.बी.डी.) ारा जैिवक ससं ाधन के उपयोग से उ प न होने वाले लाभ के सरं ण, थायी उपयोग और उिचत और यायसगं त बंटवारे म अिधक से अिधक लोग क भागीदारी का आ ान िकया गया है । इस सबं ंध म, साझा सीमाओ,ं णािलय , सं कृ ित और सामािजक-आिथक, सहयोग बढ़ाने क सभं ावना को देखते हए कै लाश पिव प र य (के .एस.एल.) के भारत और नेपाल भाग के बीच जैव िविवधता बंधन पर सीमापरीय मंच क प रक पना क गई है, जो ऊपरी महा-काली जलिवभाजक (वाटरशेड) को सयं ु प से साझा करता है। With the guidelines of CBD new paradigms of biodiversity Iden ty our Heritage\" held in year 2016, 2017 and 2018 at conserva on and management have emerged, which Gangolihat, Pithoragarh and Dharchula, respec vely. further, calls for greater people's par cipa on in However, due to COVID-19 outbreak and issues associated conserva on, sustainable use and fair and equitable sharing with larger congrega on, other possibili es were explored. of benefits arising from the u liza on of biological In the process, engagement of (i) stakeholder groups, such as resources. Secondly, being par es to the CBD and its Malla Johar Vikas Sami , a Community Based Organiza on protocols, especially the Nagoya, 2014, and in view of the (CBO), working in upper Gori valley region, (ii) shared boundaries, systems, culture and socio-economics, representa ves of schools and line departments (Forest, possibility of enhanced coopera on seems natural. Livestock, Agriculture, Hor culture, High Al tude Medicinal Therefore, a Trans-boundary (TB) forum on biodiversity Plants Centre, Block Development Office, etc.) of Munsiyari management have been envisaged between India and Nepal block, was ensured. This was followed by a rela vely wider part of KSL, which jointly shares the upper Maha-Kali consulta on meet on establishing a forum on biodiversity watershed. management on 11th December, 2020, at Munsiyari, Pithoragarh. A total of 25 par cipants a ended the Ini ally, the TB forum was planned to organize in similar consulta ve mee ng. Dr. R.S. Rawal, Director, GBP-NIHE and fashion and in line with the Diversity Fairs \"Diversity our Mr. Sriram Singh Dharamsatu, Chairman (Malla Johar Vikas Sami i, Munsiyari) chaired the mee ng.

SसANGगJUजू 5 Consulta on meet on biodiversity management at Munsiyari, Pithoragarh For further strengthening the TB forum on biodiversity support to the van panchayats/biodiversity management management, a webinar was organized on 29th December, commi ees (BMCs) of villages in the landscape to be 2020, to engage stakeholder groups from KSL-India, KSL- ensured through this forum, (iii) knowledge sharing, Nepal and ICIMOD. The webinar focused on (i) further awareness regarding bio-resources and illegal wildlife trade, delibera on on realiza on and recommenda ons/ and capacity building to be ensured through the trans- outcomes of the local consulta ve meet on biodiversity boundary forum, (iv) management of alpine meadows, management, (ii) scoping of TB forum across KSL India and NTFPs and invasive species, (v) specific assessments of Nepal, (iii) framing overarching objec ves of KSL India-Nepal plants/biodiversity with due considera on to livelihood TB forum on biodiversity management, and (iv) future concerns of rural peoples, and (vi) harnessing and strategies to realize KSL India-Nepal on TB forum on harmonizing tradi onal knowledge for biodiversity biodiversity management. management and conserva on from KSL part of India and Nepal. The webinar recommended (i) learning from the first phase of the project needs to be upscaled, (ii) technological Webinar on Trans-boundary biodiversity management forum

SसANGगJUजू 6 Cultural Heritage Documentation of 'Rung' Community of KSL कै लाश पिव प र य (के .एस.एल.) का भारतीय भाग िविवध सां कृ ितक समहू को दिशत करता ह।ै इस े के पांच िविश सां कृ ितक समहू म से एक मखु सां कृ ितक समहू ' ं ग' है जो उ च िहमालयी े से संबंिधत है और अपने भौगोिलक िवतरण और सां कृ ितक संबंध क ि से सीमाप रय कृ ित का ह।ै इसे यान म रखते हए के .एस.एल.सी.डी.आई. प रयोजना के ि तीय चरण म परामशदा ी बैठको के मा यम से ं ग समदु ाय क सां कृ ितक िवरासत के लेखन के िलए एक मजबतू मसौदा ढांचा तैयार िकया गया। The Kailash Sacred Landscape (KSL) in Indian part exhibits on the community reflec ons and ins tu onal diversity in cultural groups. Among 5 dis nct cultural areas, delibera ons, the framework was further improved and one major area pertains to highlands, and within this area Strength, Weakness, Opportunity and Threat (SWOT) one of the major cultural groups is Rung; which is truly trans- analysis of the community response was envisaged. Towards boundary in its geographic distribu on and cultural linkages. meaningful outcomes from the documenta on, further In phase II of Kailash Sacred Landscape Conserva on and consulta on with community groups of Chaudans, Darma Development Ini a ve (KSLCDI) a empts are being made to and Byans was proposed in the year 2021. For expert insights document Rung cultural heritage. A dra framework for and inputs on the dra document, a webinar is also planned documenta on of the cultural heritage of Rung community to be conducted in 2021, with Rung representa ves was thus prepared and strengthened through conduc ng (members of Rung Kalyan Sanstha, Dehradun), consulta ve meet. representa ves from ICIMOD, Nepal, and other scholars of KSL-India. Preliminary meet was organized in Rung museum, Dharchula on 14th December, 2020 with Rung community people. Based

SसANGगJUजू 7 Interac on mee ngs with Rung community For par cipatory assessment of cultural ecosystem services interac ons were also held with people of village Badabe. in sacred sites of KSL-India, two sites, namely Thal-Kedar in Similarly, for MesarKund, another priority site, collabora on Pithoragarh and Mesarkund in Munsiyari were iden fied. A with Himalayan Ark, a Munsiyari based Community Based ques onnaire was developed for documen ng community Organiza on (CBO) was established. The ques onnaire percep on regarding impacts of climate change (CC) on CES. developed for CC impact on CES was shared and tested, The assessment started with a preliminary survey of Thal- while having a consulta ve interac on with members of the Kedar, one of the priority sites, during first week of CBO, especially women, on 9th December 2020. December, 2020, where consulta ve and individual Interac ons with people of Consulta ve mee ng with members of Himalayan Ark village Badabe in Pithoragarh for assessment of cultural ecosystem services

SसANGगJUजू 8 EVENTS AND ACTIVITIES Khangchendzonga Landscape Livelihood Enhancement of Rural Women through Ecotourism Practices for Adaptation to Climate Change in Khangchendzonga Landscape - India सं थान के के .एल.सी.डी.आई. काय म के तहत कं चनजंगा प र य (भारत) के सीमावत े गोख-समाडेन (जो भारतीय सीमा को पूव नेपाल से जोड़ता है और एक अ छा इकोटू र म का थान भी है) क ामीण मिहलाओं को ठोस अपिश बंधन, होम टे प रचालन, जैिवक खेती, पा रि थितक उ िमता आिद के िलए उपयोगी तकनीको पर आधा रत कौशल और मता िवकास काय मो को आयोिजत कर सश और जाग क बनाया गया । A capacity building programme on “Livelihood Enhancement ecotourism development, ii) demonstrate and provide of Rural Women through Ecotourism Prac ces for various hill specific technologies/models focusing on Adapta on to Climate Change in the Khangchendzonga yield/income increment such as organic farming, bio- Landscape (KL)-India” was organized in 2020 in Gorkhey- compos ng, polyhouse-based farming; value-addi on of Samanden village, West Bengal, in synergy with the gender local produce through bio-processing and bio-prospec ng, budge ng programme of Government of India. The three and iii) create awareness on eco-entrepreneurship, major objec ves of the event were i) training on homestay steering, and management as suppor ng interdisciplinary, prac cable and comprehensive ac vi es for women of the region. A total of 46 par cipants technological approaches for waste segrega on and solid (36 female and 10 male) par cipated in the training waste management for sustainable and responsible programme. Glimpses of capacity building programme on Livelihood Enhancement of Rural Women through Ecotourism Prac ces for Adapta on to Climate Change in the Khangchendzonga Landscape (KL)-India

SसANGगJUजू 9 Workshop-cum-Brain Storming on Post-Harvest and Value-Chain Management of Large Cardamom in Khangchendzonga Landscape कं चनजंगा प र य (के .एल.)-भारत म बड़ी इलायची क सव म फसल बंधन थाओंऔर मू य- ंखृ ला क पहचान तथा बंधन के िलए सबं ंिधत िहतधारक के नेटवक को िवकिसत करने हेतु ऑनलाइन कायशाला का आयोजन । Online workshop cum brain-storming was organized for “Post-Harvest and Value-chain Management of Large Cardamom in the Khangchendzonga Landscape (KL)” by Sikkim Regional Centre of GBPNIHE, on 30thJune 2020. The main objec ves of the event were to i) develop stakeholder's network on Large cardamom by synergizing with relevant ins tu ons across KL-India, ii) iden fy best crop management prac ces, including; nutrient and pest management, irriga on management, post-harvest techniques, etc., and iii) assess and iden fy opportuni es for Large cardamom based value-chain development and management. Total of 26 Large cardamom based stakeholders (07 female and 19 male) from India, Nepal and Bhutan par cipated. Various issues related to Large cardamom like decreasing produc on yield, diseases, developing value-chain and market linkages were discussed during the workshop. Formation of Large Cardamom Based Stakeholder's Network बड़ी इलायची आधा रत िहतधारक के सजं ाल (नेटवक) का गठन के .एल.सी.डी.आई.-भारत काय म के तहत िकया गया । Based on the recommenda ons and outcome of the delibera ons of the online workshop cum brainstorming on “Post-harvest and Value-chain Management of Large cardamom in the Khangchendzonga Landscape (KL)-India” a WhatsApp group of Large cardamom based stakeholders of Khangchendzonga Landscape (KL)-India was formed under Khangchendzonga Landscape Conserva on and Development Ini a ve (KLCDI)-India programme. In this WhatsApp group vastly experienced experts par cularly in market linkages and value-chain development of large cardamom Mr. Renzino Lepcha (Chief Opera ng officer, MEVEDIR) and cardamom disease diagnosis, curing and other technical support expert Dr. T. N. Deka (Head, Indian Cardamom Research Ins tute) are also linked. So far, a total of 56 progressive farmers are ac vely linked through this group and it is u lizing in knowledge sharing with experts as well as among the farmers of different locali es. However, more Large cardamom based progressive farmers expected to join this group and later it will be linked with the farmers of KL-Nepal and KL-Bhutan. This integra on will help large cardamom based farmers to exchange region specific best prac ces among each other for produc on improvement and value-addi on of Large cardamom at landscape level.

SसANGगJUजू 10 Initiated Morphological Characterization of Existing Large Cardamom Cultivars कं चनजंगा प र य–भारत म उगाई जाने वाली बड़ी इलायची क िक म क पहचान आसान करने के िलए बड़ी इलायची के आकृ ित-सबं ंधी ल ण का अ ययन के .एल.सी.डी.आई.-भारत काय म के तहत शु िकया गया । A structured datasheet was prepared to collect ini ated telephonically for Singhik, North Sikkim, and morphological parameters of exis ng Large cardamom Yuksam, West Sikkim; whereas, nearby Large cardamom cul vars of KL-India. Various partner organiza ons namely sites of East Sikkim were visited by the KLCDI-India team for Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and Environment morphological data collec on. By the end of 2020, 267 (ATREE), Eastern Himalaya; Mutanchi Lom Aal Shezum farmers were consulted in 67 villages/locali es across KL- (MLAS), Dzongu, North Sikkim and Khangchendzonga India 35 covering all four districts of Sikkim and 32 Darjeeling Conserva on Commi ee KCC), Yuksam, West Sikkim and Kalimpong districts of West Bengal states and samples partnered with G.B. Pant Na onal Ins tute of Himalayan of six Amomum subulatum cul vars were collected/ Environment (NIHE) in this study. Data collec on was monitored. Morphological data collec on of Large cardamom cul vars of KL-India Providing Support to Rural Communities in KL-India Pilot Site to Cope up with Covid-19 Pandemic (Gorkhey-Samanden Villages) कोरोना महामारी के कारण, देश यापी लॉकडाउन 2020 के दौरान गोरखे-समाडेन गांव म रहने वाले लोग को खा साम ी और सि जय के बीज राहत साम ी के प म िवत रत िकये गये। During the country-wide lock down, daily need grocery items Gorkhey and ATREE, Darjeeling to combat COVID-19. along with the vegetable seeds for polyhouses and other pandemic. The relief materials consis ng of grocery items hygiene material was distributed to the community residing such as rice, cooking oil, dal, salt, nutrela, chana, tea leaf, in the transbundary village of KL-India (Gorkhey-Samanden) soaps, etc. Total of 64 households of both the villages were nestled in between Barsey Rhododendron Sanctuary, Sikkim benefi ed with the distributed relief materials. Moreover, and Singalila Na onal Park, West Bengal synergy with GETC, households prac cing polyhouse based organic farming in

SसANGगJUजू 11 Gorkhey-Samanden forest villages were supported with supported with the seeds of broccoli, bokchoy, spinach, vegetable seeds. A total of 9 polyhouse owners were coriander and fenugreek. Glimpses of support material distribu on to Gorkhey-Samanden villages of KL-India Support to Communities in Bandapani Pilot Site during Covid-19 Pandemic को-िवड-19 महामारी के दौर म कं चनजंगा प र य–भारत क बंदापानी पायलट साइट म रहने वाले समुदाय को आजीिवका अजन सबं ंधी सहायता दान क गयी । Bandapani pilot site is situated in far flung area of Alipurduar scenario, livelihood genera on is necessary to support the district of West Bengal. The economic status of the village is villagers. With the aim of promo ng environmental not very sound. Limited tourism, daily-wage labour in the conserva on and genera ng livelihood in Bandapani, under cement factories located in the Bhutan part, are few the KLCDI-India, a planta on drive was organized in livelihood sectors where resident popula on is involved in. par cipatory manner in collabora on with Department of But due to present day pandemic situa on followed by Forest, West Bengal and local partner organiza on frequent lockdown in the area they have limited op on of Himalayan Nature and Adventure Founda on (HNAF), making household earnings. In the current pandemic Siliguri, West Bengal. As plan ng of saplings in dolomite

SसANGगJUजू 12 Planta on drive in Garochira village of Bandapani pilot site landfill area is a difficult task. Thus to plant saplings, pit prepara on and their filling with fresh soil that needs to be brought from outside village loca on require manpower. For this purpose, village based manpower was used for pit digging, carrying soil for filling the pits, etc. The collected soil was mixed with cow dung prior to filling in the pits. A er the planta on, fencing of the area was done where manpower was used to make bamboo weaved fencing. This par cipatory approach created a win-win situa on for the community by providing livelihood to 10 peoples for one month as well as waste land restora on. Covid-19 Awareness Campaign Linking Solid Waste Management at Lingtam under KLCDI-India के .एल.सी.डी.आई.-भारत काय म के तहत कं चनजंगा प र य–भारत के िलंगताम गांव म को-िवड-19 जाग कता अिभयान और ठोस अपिश बंधन का आयोजन िकया गया । Awareness campaign against COVID-19 was organized on 16 October 2020 at Lingtam, East Sikkim which was linked with solid waste management and distributed hygiene material such as masks, sani zers, etc. to the villagers. Total of 31 members (12 male and 19 female) were supported with these materials. The focus of the event was to creat awareness on COVID-19 causes and measures to contain its spread and waste management for protec on of the environment. Distribution of Support Material to Highlanders of KL-India कं चनजंगा प र य–भारत के उ री िसि कम के याक पालन े (हाईलड) के िवकास हेतु उ च िहमालयी समुदाय (हाईलडस) को सहायता साम ी का िवतरण िकया गया । Based on the ground surveys conducted in the year 2019 across Yak rearing areas of North Sikkim, need assessment of yak headers was done and based on the recommenda on of local governing body (Dzumsa) and line department (Department of Animal Husbandry, Livestock, Fisheries and Veterinary Services, Govt. of Sikkim) 20 progressive yak herders (all male) were iden fied as beneficiaries. These iden fied beneficiaries were supported with key highland materials such as winter food nutri ons, solar lights with mobile charger, winter fodder (Chyakhla), tent material, jute bags, etc. Furthermore, considering the covid-19 pandemic situa on and following its protocol, NIHE, SRC distributed sani zers and masks to all the par cipants.

SसANGगJUजू 13 Green Skill Development Programme (GSDP) on Large Cardamom Farming and Livelihood Enhancement के .एल.सी.डी.आई.-भारत काय म के तहत पि म िसि कम के यु सम म कं चजंगा सरं ण सिमित (के .सी.सी.), यु सम के साथ िमलकर बड़ी इलायची खेती और आजीिवका सवं धन पर एक ह रत कौशल िवकास काय म (जी.एस.डी.पी.) का आयोजन िकया गया। यह आयोजन ामीण युवाओंको ान और कौशल िवकास के मा यम से ामीण उ िमता के ित े रत करने के िलए िकया गया था। A Green Skill Development Programme on Large cardamom farming and its value-chain, such as schemes related to Large Farming and Livelihood Enhancement was organized during cardamom, cul var iden fica on, nursery establishment, 11–24 December 2020, at Yuksam, West Sikkim in synergy curing and manuring, post-harvest, value-addi on and with Khangchendzonga Conserva on Commi ee (KCC), market linkages, etc., was imparted to the young Yuksam under KLCDI-India programme. The event was par cipants during the GSDP. To make the event more targeted to mo vate rural youths towards entrepreneurship frui ul, online interac on with interna onal/regional through knowledge and skill development. The GSDP was experts and onsite demonstra on including exposure visits a ended by a total of 22 youths (12 male and 10 female) were included. At the end, a network of poten al young from Sikkim and West Bengal (Darjeeling and Kalimpong). entrepreneurs was also ini ated for further capacity building Training and exposure on various aspects of Large cardamom and enterprise development on Large cardamom in Sikkim. Par cipants during green skill development programme (GSDP) on Large cardamom farming and livelihood enhancement at Yuksam Strengthened Organic Farming Activities in Gorkhey-Samanden गोरखे-समाडेन गांव म के .एल.सी.डी.आई.-भारत काय म के अंतगत जैिवक खेती सबं ंधी गितिविधय को मजबूत िकया गया । The ongoing organic farming ac vi es of the KLCDI-India (polyhouse/vermicompos ng pit) and interac on with the program such as polyhouse based vegetable growing, associated beneficiary. The visi ng team consisted of making of organic manure using vermicompos ng method, experts from MEVEDIR, Daramdin, which is a leading etc. were monitored by visi ng individual structure organiza on to place environmentally sound agricultural

SसANGगJUजू 14 prac ces in Sikkim, and KLCDI-India team. Onsite sugges ons related to the queries of the beneficiaries were addressed. Following this a technical session on organic farming based interven ons was organized in Gorkhey commi ee hall. In this session, a total of 46 par cipants from Gorkhey and Samanden villages learned about the use of vermi compost, and polyhouses to grow offseason vegetables. The community involvement helped in integrated village development programme towards the implementa on of community based ecotourism. In con nua on to this, four polyhouses and four vermicompost pits were distributed to iden fied beneficiaries. Their polyhouses were constructed in a par cipatory manner, i.e. the construc on material was supplied by the G.B. Pant Na onal Ins tute of Himalayan Environment and the technical support was given by the rural technology centre of NIHE and MEVEDIR, Daramdin. However, the beneficiary contributed in construc on of polyhouses a er obtaining training on the aspect. Construc on of polyhouse in Gorkhey in a par cipatory approach Monitoring of LTM Sites of KL-India कं चनजंगा प र य–भारत के नीरा वैली नेशनल पाक, किल प ग,पि म बंगाल तथा ज़ गु, उ री िसि कम म थािपत दीघकािलक अनुवी ण थल (लांग टम मॉिनट रंग साइट्स ) क िनगरानी तथा डाटा सं ह । The Long-term Environmental and Socio-economic Monitoring (LTESM) Monitoring the regenera on status in NVNP plot established in Dzongu, North Sikkim and Malling bamboo experimental plots established in Neora Valley Na onal Park (NVNP), West Bengal were revisited for monitoring of vegeta on parameters and collec on of soil samples. Furthermore, for introducing tree seedlings in experimental plots nursery of na ve high-value tree species (Machilus edulis, Lithocarpus pachyphyllus, Quercus lamellosa, Betula sp, etc.) was established in the synergy with Department of Forest, West Bengal in upper Neora range of NVNP. Since the germina on/recruitment rate of seedlings raised and transplanted from distantly located nurseries showed poor response. Therefore, seedlings of na ve plant species, raised in similar clima c condi ons are expected to show good recruitment on planta on in the experimental plots for forest restora on purpose. Nursery establishment in NVNP

SसANGगJUजू 15 Establishment of Resource Recovery Centre in KL-India भावी अपिश बंधन के िलए कं चनजंगा प र य–भारत के गोरखे गांव म कचरा सं हण, छंटाई और थानांतरण के िलए कं चनजंगा प र य म अपनी तरह का पहला सहभािगता आधा रत ितलाभ क (आर.आर.सी.) थािपत िकया गया । The resource recovery centre (RRC) is a designated area with community par cipa on, the construc on of RRC was done the facility of waste collec on, sor ng, and transfer. It is a through Gorkhey ecotourism commi ee in synergy with locally governed system (at community/local governance five-ac ve self-help groups of the area. The financial and level) that creates social enterprise through repairing, re- technical support was provided by the G.B. Pant Na onal using and recycling the waste into resource. RRC aims to Ins tute of Himalayan Environment (NIHE) Sikkim regional reduce the waste volume going to landfill at local level centre and Khangchendzonga Conserva on Commi ee through either recycling or resource recovery. A resource (KCC) Yuksam. The centre was inaugurated on 6th March 2020 recovery centre (first of its kind in Khangchendzonga in the presence of KLCDI-India team, representa ves of Landscape) was established in Barsey-Singalila Pilot site of department of forest West Bengal, KCC Yuksam, GETC Khangchendzonga Landscape Conserva on and members and par cipants. Training on RRC management development Ini a ve (KLCDI)-India program. A RRC having and func oning was given to the self-help groups (Prakri area of 480 square feet with separate waste segrega on and Sami women self-help groups) Gorkhey and (Singalila, chambers, storage chambers, and collec on sites has been Saraswa and Nabnita self-help groups) of Samanden village constructed using par cipatory approach. To ensure by experts from KCC, Yuksam. Resource recovery Centre at Gorkhey Pilot village of Khangchendzonga Landscape (KL)-India

SसANGगJUजू 16 Kailash Sacred Landscape Promoting Conservation of Threatened Plant Species in West Himalayan Region- A Participatory Approach जी.बी.पी.-एन.एच.ई. ने चौदास े (के .एस.एल. े ) म िकसान क खेती क उपज हेतु बाजार सपं क थािपत िकए ह, िजसका उ े य चौदास के िकसान को उ पाद बेचने म सिु वधा दान करना है। इसी ंखृ ला म सं थान ने हबल अनुसधं ान िवकास सं थान (एच.आर.डी.आई.) गोपे र से गितशील िकसान के पंजीकरण कराने और अ य तीन एजिसय से (एम.ओ.यू.) कराने म मह वपूण भूिमका िनभाई। इसके अलावा िकसान के खेत म औषधीय पौध के सरं ण और भिव य क मांग को पूरा करने के िलए बड़े पैमाने पर खेती के िलए िपथौरागढ़ के भेसज़ िवकास इकाई म कु टक (िपकरो रज़ा कु ररोआ ) क पौध िवत रत क गई । The Ins tute facilitated market linkages of cul vated Sridhang) ini ated cul va on of Picrorhiza kurroa in 1.5 ha produce of farmers with buyers in the Chaudas area (KSL land. This kind of prac ce would help for conserva on of region). The aim of this ini a ve was to facilitate farmers of medicinal plants in the farmer's agricultural lands and fulfill the Chaudas area so that they get the benefit while selling the future demands. their cul vated produce and to develop linkages between farmers and Central/State schemes. The GBP-NIHE Land prepara on and large scale cul va on of has facilitated the registra on of progressive Picrorhiza kurroa at farmer's land farmers at Herbal Research Development Ini a ve (HRDI) Gopeshwar and developed Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between three different agencies (viz. Human India, Srinagar; Surkunda Jadi- Bu Samuh, Bageshwar; Bhesaj Sangh, Pithoragarh) and farmers. The main objec ve of this MoU was to express the willingness of both par es (agencies & farmers) for purchasing the cul vated produce. This may help with the sustained cul va on of target species in the Chaudas area. Moreover, Bhesaj Vikas Ikai, Pithoragarh was provided 3.0 lakh seedlings of Picrorhiza kurroa for large-scale cul va on in the Chaudas area in the month of July 22-30, 2020. A total of 50 farmers of 7 different villages (viz. Sosa, Niyang, Pas , Himkhola, Chalma-Chilaso, Palankari,

SसANGगJUजू 17 Field Oriented Hands-On Training Programme for Medicinal Plant Cultivation in Chaudas Area नेशनल िमशन आन िहमालयन टडीज (एन.एम.एच.एस) के तहत गितशील िकसान को औषधीय पौध क खेती को बढ़ावा देने के िलए चौदास े के िविभ न गांव म दो स ाह का िश ण काय म आयोिजत िकया गया और हेिडिचयम ि पके टम, वेले रयाना जटामासी, िपको रज़ा कु रोआ और सौसु रया कॉ टस आिद क गुणव ा रोपण साम ी िवत रत क गई । The major aim of the training programme was to generate awareness, sensi za on of villagers towards the cul va on & conserva on of threatened medicinal plants. The ins tute provided technical support to progressive farmers for prepara on of land, informa on on manure, weeding and planta on with distribu on of quality plan ng material of Hedychium spicatum, Valeriana jatamansi, Picrorhiza kurroa and Saussurea costus under the Na onal Mission on Himalayan Studies (NMHS) programme. Total 50 farmers from 6 villages namely Pas , Sosa, Niyang, Himkhola, Srikha, Palankari showed their interest in cul va on of Saussurea costus, Hedychium spicatum and Picrorhiza kurroa. As a result, 1.5 ha land was brought under cul va on of these medicinal plants for their cul va on and conserva on. On-site training programme for land prepara on and mass scale cul va on of medicinal plants

SसANGगJUजू 18 Establishment of Demonstration Site at Sri Narayan Ashram and School Conservation Model यापार के िलए औषधीय पौध के अित र दोहन को समझते हए, िजसके प रणाम व प औषधीय पौध क जाितय म कमी आई है, जी.बी.पी.-एन.आइ.एच.ई. ने िहमालय क पं ह सकं ट त जाितय का दशन मॉडल (जम ला म भंडार) ी नारायण आ म म थािपत िकया है तथा राजक य इटं र कॉलेज पंगू और ाथिमक िव ालय सोसा म औषधीय पौध का सरं ण मॉडल िवकिसत िकए है। Medicinal plants are considered good sources of natural u liza on of medicinal plants; (iii) develop propaga on and bioac ve cons tuents their demand is increasing day by day. mul plica on techniques; (iv) promote cul va on in nearby The large exploita on of plant species for trade, harves ng villages; (v) provide plant material to farmers for further for herbal formula on and lacking knowledge of sustainable cul va on in their own lands; (vi) generate awareness harves ng several Himalayan species are threatened. Their between students, teachers, villagers regarding availability is the major challenge and regular deple on conserva on of medicinal plants; (vii) biodiversity increased day by day and facing a high degree of pressure, conserva on, etc. In addi on, following ac vi es are being calls for an urgent need for their adequate conserva on and carried out for maintenance of germplasm repositories: management. Thus, it would be per nent to promote cul va on so that the pressure on natural resources can be · Irriga on, weeding ac vi es every 15-20 days intervals reduced and availability of raw material can be fulfilled. There is need to develop a conserva on model and · Manuring (Farmyard) regular intervals of 3 months sustainable u liza on methods for conserva on of biodiversity. Therefore, a demonstra on model (germplasm · Collec on of seeds & stored in air ght containers and repository) of 15 Himalayan threatened plant species was prepara on of nursery bed established at Sri Narayan Ashram (Table 1) and two school conserva on models were established with collabora on of · Transfer of seedlings a er ge ng 5-10 cm height to students in Government Inter College Pangu and Primary demonstra on site from polyhouse School Sosa (Figure 3). The Ins tute through this demonstra on site (Sri Narayan Ashram) is a emp ng to · Protec on of the seedlings during adverse weather conserve these species and simultaneously reintroduce in condi ons their natural habitat. The major aim of establishing this demonstra on was to (i) create live germplasm repository of · Mass mul plica on of the species through vegeta ve threatened and high value medicinal and aroma c plants; (ii) propaga on technique sensi ze local people towards conserva on and sustainable · Distribu on of seedlings/plants for mass-mul plica on as per farmers requirements

SसANGगJUजू 19 Table 1: List of medicinal plant species cul va ng at demonstra on site in Sri Narayan Ashram SN Name of Species Common Name Family Status (IUCN) Status (CAMP) 1 Allium stracheyi Jambu Amaryllidaceae - Vulnerable 2 Angelica glauca Choru Apiaceae Endangered Endangered 3 Aconitum heterophyllum Ateesh Ranunculaceae - Cri cally endangered 4 Hedychium spicatum Van haldi Zingiberaceae - - 5 Origanum vulgare Vantulsi Lamiaceae - - 6 Picrorhiza kurroa Kutki Plantaginaceae - - 7 Poten lla fulgens Bajradan Rosaceae - Endangered 8 Paris polyphylla Sa u Melanthiaceae - - 9 Paeonia emodi Chadnra Paeoniaceae - - 10 Polygonatum ver cillatum Meda Asparagaceae - Vulnerable 11 Polygonatum cirrhifolium Mahameda Asparagaceae - Vulnerable 12 Phytolacca acinosa Indian Poke Phytolaccaceae - - 13 Saussurea costus Kuth Asteraceae Cri cally endangered Cri cally endangered 14 Roscoea procera Kakoli Zingiberaceae - - 15 Valeriana jatamansi Samyo Caprifoliaceae - Vulnerable Maintenance of germplasm repositories of medicinal plants in collaboration with school students

SसANGगJUजू 20 Value-Addition Training Programme (Chips Formation of Hedychium Spicatum) at Chaudas Area उ नत आजीिवका के िलए हेिडिचयम ि पके टम (वन ह दी) क फसल कटाई तथा मू य-वधन हेतु िकसान को तकनीक सहायता दान करने के उ े य से चौदास घाटी के िविभ न गांव म दो स ाह तक चलने वाले िश ण काय म का आयोजन िकया गया। A two weeks long hands-on training programme was being sold at an be increased rate of two-three folds (approx. organized during December 25, 2020-January 7, 2021 in 8 Rs. 60/-Kg). This value addi on prac ce will be helpful for different villages viz., Sosa, Chalma-chilanso, Pas , Niyang, upli ing the economic condi on of progressive farmers in Srikha, Jaykot, Pangla and Palankari of Chaudas area. The the region. major aim of this value addi on training program was to provide technical support to farmers for harves ng Hedychium spicatum (van haldi), upli ment of the economic condi on of farmers through value addi on prac ce (prepara on of chips of van haldi from Chips-Cu er machine or manual process), post-harves ng techniques (viz. collec on, drying, storage), etc. Total of 80 farmers par cipated in the training programme. Mr. Bhupal Singh Gariya resource person of Surkhanda Jadi-Bu Sami , Bageshwar provided hands on training for prepara on of van-haldi chips from Chips-Cu er machine and manual process. According to Mr. Gariya, the fresh market rate of van haldi is approx. Rs. 25/-Kg. and chips prepared from it are Hands on training programme (value addi on) for chips forma on of Van haldi

SसANGगJUजू 21 Promoting Restoration Programmes on Degraded Lands through Medicinally Important Plant Species - A Participatory Approach एन.एम.पी.बी. िव पोिषत प रयोजना के तहत िपथौरागढ़ िजले के ऊपरी व िनचली गोरी जलिवभाजक हाट- कािलका व चंडाक-आवलाघाट जलिवभाजक क अप ीण भूिम म औषधीय पौध क जाितय का पौधरोपण सामुदाियक प से िकया गया। The GBP-NIHE ini ated land restora on ac vi es on the July 29 to September 8, 2020 (Table 1). As a result, 4,500 degraded land through planta on of medicinally important saplings of different medicinal plant species viz. species in the 11.5 ha degraded land of upper and lower Gori Cinnamomum tamala, Phyllanthus emblica, Myrica watershed, Hat-kalika watershed and Chandak- Awalaghat esculenta, Zanthoxylum armatum, Phyllanthus emblica, watershed of Pithoragarh district under NMPB funded Pi osporum eriocarpum, Rubus ellip cus, Terminalia project. Total of 174 stakeholders (Male 100; Female 74) chebula and Terminalia bellirica, 6000 individuals of from 6 different villages namely Lum , Chitgal, Rawal goun, Hedychium spicatum were planted on the selected degraded Kamad, Digtoli and Naikeena ac vely par cipated in various sites through par cipatory approaches. The baseline ac vi es such as site iden fica on, involvement in informa on of planta on sites were collected and detailed restora on interven on planning, capacity building inventory of vegeta on was prepared. In addi on, soil workshop and training programme for land prepara on, physico-chemical proper es were analyzed for each site pi ng, digging, nursery prepara on, etc., conducted during before planta on. Table 1: List of various ac vi es organized in the targeted sites of Pithoragarh district S.N Date Venue Awareness/Training Programme Target Groups 1 July 29, 2020 26 Villagers Naikina, Chandak, Planta on on degraded land through (05 Male, 21 Female) 2 July 30, 2020 Pithoragarh par cipatory approach 23 Villagers (15 Male , 08 Female) 3 July 31, 2020 Lum , Gori valley, Planta on on degraded land through Pithoragarh par cipatory approach, Hands-on training 18 Villagers 4 August 04, workshop on CRA technique, Soil sampling, (09 Male , 09 Female) 2020 Measurements of plants 20 Villagers (16 Male , 04 Female) 5 August 08, Digtoli, Chandak, Planta on on degraded land through 21 Villagers 2020 (12 Male , 09 Female) Pithoragarh, U arakhand par cipatory approach 23 Villagers 6 August 11, (23 Male) 2020 Chitgal, Gangolihat, Planta on on degraded land through Pithoragarh par cipatory approach Rawal goun, Gangolihat, Planta on on degraded land through Pithoragarh par cipatory approach Kamad, Gangolihat, Planta on on degraded land through Pithoragarh par cipatory approach

SसANGगJUजू 22 7 September 3, Digtoli, Chandak, Hands-on training workshop on CRA technique, 12 Villagers 2020 Pithoragarh Soil sampling, Measurements of plants (2 Male, 10 Females) 8 September 4, Naikina, Chandak, Hands-on training workshop on CRA technique, 11 Villagers 2020 Pithoragarh Soil sampling, Measurements of plants (4 Male, 7 Females) 9 September 8, Lum , Gori valley, Hands-on training workshop on CRA technique, 20 Villagers 2020 Pithoragarh Soil sampling, Measurements of plants (14 Male, 6 Females) Planta on ac vity in three pilot sites of Pithoragarh district

SसANGगJUजू 23 Hi-Life Implementing Efficient Management Strategies in Periphery Areas of Namdapha National Park/Tiger Reserve भारत म हाई-लाइफ काय म पा रि थितक तं क व तुओं और सेवाओं के सरं ण के साथ कु शल बंधन रणनीितय को लागू करने के ि कोण के साथ काम कर रहा है, जो पा रि थितक अखंडता, आिथक गित और पयावरणीय प रवतन के ित सामािजक-सां कृ ितक लचीलापन को बढ़ाएगा, िजससे नामदाफा रा ीय उ ान/टाइगर रजव (एन.एन.पी./टी.आर.), अ णाचल देश के प रिध े के पास रहने वाले िनवािसय क आजीिवका म सधु ार हो सके । वष 2020 के दौरान, हाई-लाइफ काय म-भारत के अंतगत िन निलिखत िनयोिजत गितिविधय / ि कोण को कायाि वत िकया गया: a. Follow up on Homestays developed in selected nos.) with proper bathroom facility. A field visit was villages thus made during 23 to 31 January, 2020 to the selected village sites that were selected for homestay In the tourism sector, homestays are gaining development for monitoring purpose. The homestays popularity nowadays as a poten al economic ac vity have been provided with necessary items/facili es as its promo on will help upli ing many remote required for a comfortable accommoda on of the villages in the state to a ract tourists by becoming an tourists. This would not only encourage the local alterna ve source of income. With the prospect of community in ac vely ge ng involved in tourism promo ng sustainable eco-tourism development in development but also create awareness among the and around NNP/TR of Changlang district, 5 inhabitants towards resource conserva on and homestays were developed as 'model homestays' in environment protec on of the forest lands selected villages viz. M'Pen II (2 nos.) and Lama (3 surrounding them. Homestay model Bathroom cum toilet facility

SसANGगJUजू 24 b. Assessment of Crop Diversity in study site Bodhisa a and Bodhisa a – II during the months of August- September 2020 with the help of local support. A total of 69 हाई-लाइफ काय म-भारत के अतं गत चयिनत छह गांव म फसल िविवधता पर सव ण village households were surveyed of which the maximum िकया गया number of households surveyed were in Bodhisa a village (19) and minimum in M'Pen II (9th mile) (8); based upon the The role of agriculture in conserva on of biodiversity is availability of household members during the survey period. becoming an important issue; as knowledge and crea on of From the collected data, 28 items of crops, vegetables, herbs conserva on tools are necessary not only in protected and and fruits were recorded to be cul vated in six villages. Of all restricted areas but also in agricultural sectors for be er the food items, paddy was recorded to be most cul vated (in biodiversity conserva on on a larger scale. By having a 68 households), followed by Fafar (51 households) and proper understanding on how the farming needs to be Radish (38 households) while Mango, Guava, Coriander and carried out; it is a win-win situa on for the farmers and Papaya was cul vated in only single household as shown in consumers as the produce is more and nutri ous. A figure. ques onnaire based survey on crop diversity was carried out in six selected villages - M'Pen –II (7th, 8th, 9th mile), Lama, Types of food items cultivated Mango Guava Sweet potato 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Potato No. of households cultivating Crop Pineapple Cauliflower Betel nut Tomato Maize Green leaf Coriander Ladys finger Gourd Cabbage Papaya Mustard Kochu Bitter Gourd Pumpkin Cucumber Brinjal Beans Ginger (Buckwheat)Fafar Radish Peas Green chilly Paddy 0

SसANGगJUजू 25 Workshops/ Trainings on Hospitality and Implementing Homestay Tourism Guidelines होम टे के उिचत बंधन और काय मता िवकास के िलए, आित य और होम टे पयटन सबं ंिधत िदशािनदश को लागू करने हेतु चार िदवसीय कायशाला/ िश ण काय म का आयोजन चांगलांग िजले के िमयाओ म 17-20 िदसबं र 2020 तक िकया गया। For the proper management and func oning of homestays, of tourists. Miao being a place with no proper hotel/lodge a four days' workshop-cum-training programme was facili es; the villagers could make homestays become an organized at Miao, Changlang district from 17 to 20 alterna ve place for tourists to stay was aimed a source of December 2020 on Hospitality and Implemen ng Homestay income. Miss. Bella Thikhak (Homestay Operator), as an Tourism Guidelines. The workshop was a ended by 14 expert, provided training to the par cipants on 17th par cipants (6 Female and 8 Male) from M'Pen-II and Lama December 2020 about informa on on basic necessi es for villages respec vely. Experts and resource persons were proper homestay management such as local cuisine, approached to educate and empower the homestay maintenance of hygiene, first aid knowledge, use of clean members in homestay related issues as well as bring bedding covers, bed-making, maintenance of tourist register upli ment in the tourism sector. The following programmes and beau fying of homestays along with conserva on of and ac vi es were conducted: surrounding nature and their heritage, interac on with guests, etc. The programme helped them visualize a. Training Programme on Homestay Hospitality homestays as a long-term plan for the upli ment of the livelihood status of the en re community. The programme was aimed to make the par cipants aware on the importance of homestay hospitality for be er inflow b. Training Programme on Catering The food sector or catering industry is one of the most important elements in the tourism sector. It plays a significant role in promo ng local and ethnic cuisines as well as culture and tradi ons. Besides this, at mes it is important to learn to serve people their own delicacy/ preferred food items. On 18th December 2020, Miss. Phup Mailu Singpho (Eat & Treat Owner) provided training to the par cipants on few basic bakery items that can be easily prepared at home, prepara on of menu (including local chakma cuisine) etc. Training Programme on Homestay Hospitality and bed-making demonstra on

SसANGगJUजू 26 The par cipants learned to prepare cake, biscuits and on various exposure trips/trainings, they however taught to pancakes in minimal me and resources. These are implement ac vi es such as prize fishing, river ra ing, trail- important especially in remote villages where the walk, display of tradi onal dress, handicra s, etc. that would availability of such items is not possible at all mes. drive more tourists. Training and prepara on of bakery items Workshop on Linking Tourism with Natural and Cultural Heritage. c. Workshop on Linking Tourism with Natural and Cultural Heritage d. Workshop on Homestay Tourism Guidelines During this ac vity the par cipants were made aware Tourism has the poten al to contribute significantly towards about integra ng natural resources and culture with tourism conserva on as well as socio-economic development. It, in and upli their community through tourism. Mrs. Kyoda turn, could enhance the living standards of the local villagers Yakang (TIO, Miao) on 19th December 2020 as an expert so as to a ract more tourists to visit annually to their imparted informa on to the par cipants on keeping intact homestays and conserve their natural surrounding for the the natural beauty of villages they help a ract nature con nual enjoyment. The researchers of GBPNIHE, NERC tourists, bird watchers, etc. and thus help promo ng working under Hi-LIFE project spoke on Opera onal ecotourism in a substan al manner for their benefit. Based Guidelines for rural tourism and homestays on 20th December 2020. During this par cipants were informed about taking precau ons such as keeping sani zer, washing hands on a regular basis, wearing mask in rela on to Covid- 19 while running various tourism ac vi es. Workshop on Homestay Tourism Guidelines

SसANGगJUजू 27 TOPICAL ARTICLES Morphological Characteristics of Different Cultivars of Large Cardamom in Khangchendzonga Landscape-India Jarina Lepcha, Santosh K. Che ri, Geetamani Chhetri, Aseesh Pandey, Kailash S. Gaira, Rajesh Joshi G.B. Pant Na onal Ins tute of Himalayan Environment, Sikkim Regional Centre, Pangthang, Gangtok, Sikkim आका रक आधा रत पहचान को यान म रखते हए के .एल-भारत के मौजूदा बड़ी इलायची क िक म क आसान पहचान के िलए आका रक आधा रत आंकडे एकि त और िव ेिषत िकए जा रहे ह । Large cardamom (Amomum subulatum Roxb.) belongs to cul vars suitable for the loca on and al tude to get best monocot family Zingiberaceae, is one of the perennial cash produc on for the livelihood. Therefore, a study giving crops of Khangchendzonga Landscape (KL) (Bhutan, India prominence on morphological characteris cs and economic and Nepal) suppor ng livelihood to the community of the values of different na ve cul vars is highly necessary. landscape. It is a cost effec ve, a less labour-intensive and non-nutrient exhaus ve crop as compared to the other To study the morphological parameters of different cul vars crops (Gaira et al. 2016). The Lepchas were believed to be the of Large cardamom. Total 67 villages from KL-India (Sikkim first to collect Large cardamom capsules from natural forests and Darjeeling and Kalimpong districts of West Bengal) were primarily for the purpose of medicine and as an aroma c surveyed since 2020 for flowering, frui ng and harves ng edible wild fruit. seasons. Through field survey team gathered general informa on on the plant morphology, was collected The crop is sciophyte (shade loving plant) and grows well in matured capsules for recording fresh and dry weights. From al tudes ranging between 600-2000 m asl receiving annual the inves ga on, it is observed that the cul vars like Dzongu rainfall between 2000-3500 mm appor oned over 200 days Golsey, Ramsey, Sawney, Seremna, and Varlangey are (Vijayan et al., 2019). Total area under Large cardamom commonly grown across the sites. cul va on in KL-India in 2017-2018 was 26,617 ha (Sikkim- 23,312 ha and Darjeeling and Kalimpong districts-3305 ha) A brief glance of Large cardamom cul vars from the KL India and total produc on was recorded as 5906 tons (Sikkim- 4862 tons and Darjeeling and Kalimpong districts-1044 During of study and document of the large cardamom tons), respec vely (Spices Board of India, 2020). KL-India is morphological parameters from different loca ons of KL- the largest producing region of Large cardamom in India but India, we found only five cul vars i.e., Dzongu Golsey, in the recent years the Large cardamom is also being Ramsey, Sawney, Seremna, and Varlangey were found. The cul vated in large extent by the other states of India i.e., brief keys of iden fica on of cul vars are discussed. Nagaland and Arunachal Pradesh. In KL-India, five local cul vars of large cardamom viz. Ramsey, Sawney, Varlangey, Dzongu Golsey Seremna, Dzongu Golsey that are well recognized and grown as per loca on and al tude (Gupta et al. 2012). Due to This cul var is very specific to Dzongu, North Sikkim region negligence in farming and lack of awareness about the but also grows in other parts of KL-India from 500 to 1300 m cul vars the growers are not able to get op mum returns. asl al tude (Fig 1a). Plant height is 1.0-1.5 m tall and ller During the interac on with the farmers, it was found that colour is green with narrow and erect leaves with size 56-62 they were unable to iden fy the cul vars morphologically. cm long and 8.5-10.0 cm wide. The plant bears 8-14 capsules Such knowledge gaps may abstract selec ng appropriate per spike in medium size and a capsule holds an average 50- 70 seeds. The flowering starts from March to April and harvested in the month of September- October.

SसANGगJUजू 28 Ramsey From the present inves ga on, it is found that the Varlangey cul var has been grown largely in farmers' fields across the Ramsey is suitable at al tudes between 1300-1900 m asl and landscape with its high demand in markets followed by cul vated in sloppy areas of KL-India (Fig 1b). Plant height Seremna. However, the other cul vars are also having similar ranges between 1.5-2.0 m and the ller is maroonish in poten al at their suitable habitats. Therefore, there is a need colour with narrow leaves with size 48-74 cm long and 6.5- to establish more awareness among farmers regarding 9.6 cm wide. The plant bears 8-15 capsules per spike in small different cul vars of Large cardamom along with their size and each capsule holds 25-40 seeds. The flowering starts preferred habitat so that the farmers can select the suitable in the month of March at lower belts and during May-June cul vars for their respec ve loca ons. Entrepreneurship towards higher al tudes. Fruits are harvested during opportuni es related to large cardamom such as drying units October-November, which varies along the al tudes. (cleaning, grading and packaging), value added large cardamom gi box, nursery unit for supply of Sawney sapling/suckers, compost manure unit for Large cardamom, etc should be promoted. In addi on, there is also an Sawney is commonly grown at al tude ranges between essen al requirement to ini ate in-depth scien fic studies 1000-1900 m asl and ller colour is similar to Ramsey i.e. on morphological characteriza on of the different cul vars maroon (Fig 1c). The plant height ranges between 1.0-2.3 m of large cardamom. tall; leaves ovate and broad (55-69 cm long and 6.5-8.8 cm wide). The plant bears 8-25 capsules per spike in medium size and each capsule holds 35-50 seeds. The flowering starts from April-June and the crop is harvested during the month of September-October and November (varies along the al tudes). Seremna This cul var is na ve of Hee-Gaon, West Sikkim but suitably grows in other part of KL-India at al tudes ranges between 1100-1900 m asl and has high yielding poten al (Fig 1d). The plant height ranges from 1.5-2.0 m tall, ller colour is green and leaves are of drooping type with size 50-57cm long and 7.8-8.5 cm wide. The plant holds 10-30 capsules per spike in medium size and each capsule bears 65-70 seeds. The flowering starts from March-May and fruits are harvested during the month of September - October. Varlangey Figure 1 Different cul vars of Large Cardamom from the KL-India (a. Dzongu Golsey, b. Ramsey, c. Sawney, d. Seremna, and e. Varlangey) The popular and high yielding cul var grown at al tude between 1500-2021 m asl. The plant is 1.5-3.0 m tall with narrow leaves (54-85cm long and 7.5-9.75 cm wide) having wavy margins. Each spike bears 4-20 bold capsules with higher spike density and each capsule bears 22-80 seeds (Fig 1e). The flowering occurs in May (mid-al tudes) and June-July (high al tudes) and harvested during the month of November (high al tudes).

SसANGगJUजू 29 References: Gaira, K.S., Rawal, R.S. & Singh, K.K. (2016) Varia ons in pollinator density and impacts on large cardamom (Amomum subulatum Roxb.) crop yield in Sikkim Himalaya, India. J Asia-Pacific Biodiversity. 9 (1): 17-21 Gupta, U., Gudade, B.A., Chhetri, P. & Harsha, K.N. (2012) large cardamom–the lifeline in Sikkim, Indian Hor culture technical magazine, 7- 10. Sharma, G., Sharma, R. & Sharma, E. (2009) Tradi onal knowledge system in Large cardamom farming: biophysical and management diversity in Indian mountainous region, Indian J Tradi onal Knowledge. 8 (1): 17-22. Vijayan, A.K., Gudade, B.A., Dhanapal, K., Saju, K.A., & Rema Shree, A.B., (2019) Large cardamom- Harves ng and Curing Technology, Indian Journal of Arecanut, Spices & Medicinal Plants Vol. 21(3): 41-44. DOI:10.13140/RG.2.2.22318.66882 Traditional Fermented Beverage of Khangchendzonga Landscape (KL)-India and its Scope in Community Based Tourism Geetamani Chhetri, Kailash S. Gaira, Aseesh Pandey, Y.K. Rai, Rajesh Joshi G.B. Pant Na onal Ins tute of Himalayan Environment, Sikkim Regional Centre, Pangthang, Gangtok, Sikkim कं चनजंगा प र य (के .एल.)-भारत म कई जातीय समुदाय का िनवास है तथा येक क अपनी-अपनी सं कृ ित, परंपरा, भाषा और पारंप रक यंजन है। इनम से पारंप रक पेय पदाथ का पारंप रक मह व होने के साथ- साथ ये मह वपूण पोषाहार भी है। इस प र य के समुदाय क आिथक भलाई के िलए पयटक /आगंतुक के बीच इन पारंप रक पेय पदाथ को बढ़ावा देकर इ ह लोकि य बनाया जा सकता है। Khangchendzonga Landscape (KL)-India are inhabited by a dietary supplement of the rural people of the region. number of ethnic communi es major being Lepcha, Bhu a However, prepara on of such indigenous fermented foods and Nepali. These ethnic groups have their respec ve and beverages remain as tradi onal prac ce at household culture, tradi on, language and tradi onal cuisines. level in unsophis cated manner. Therefore, it is vitally Majority of populace depend on agriculture and related important to promote and popularize this nutri ous local ac vi es for their livelihood. Paddy, maize, large cardamom, beverage among tourists/visitors. This will support in ginger, orange, barley and wheat are principal crops grown economic wellbeing of the involved ethnic communi es of for the livelihood sustenance. They prefer to eat these crops the landscape. Of the various prac ced local beverages, Jard in a variety of ways such as boiled, dry fry, a er crushing and and Raksi have huge poten al to integrate with community some a er fermen ng in the form of food and alcoholic based tourism in the Khangchendzonga Landscape (KL)- beverages. Homemade alcoholic beverages have high India. ritualis c and tradi onal significance among the ethnic people of Khangchendzonga Landscape (KL)-India without Jard: It is a common, tradi onal drink of ethnic communi es which religious and cultural prac ces of Lepcha, Bhu a and and is prepared by tradi onal methods using local starter some non Brahmin Nepali communi es are incomplete. called “Marcha”. Jard is known by different names in Locally grown cereal based fermented beverages are different communi es, Chee by the Lepcha, Chang by the essen al in their every socio-cultural rituals. These local Bhu a/Tibetans and Tongba by the Nepali. Tongba means beverages bear high nutri onal value forming important Jard taken in a bamboo vessel (bansko dhungro). Jard can be prepared from different cereals as well as tuberous crops.

SसANGगJUजू 30 Kodo ko Jard or marua is prepared from finger millet Raksi: Raksi is a tradi onal wine of tribal communi es in (Eleusine coracana) (Fig. 1), Makai ko Jard from maize (Zea Khangchendzonga Landscape (KL)-India. It is a clear dis lled mays), Bha Jard from rice (Oryza sa va), Phul tarul ko Jard liquor/wine with characteris c aroma, mostly prepared from (Cana indica) and Simal tarul ko Jard from (Manihot from Eleusine coracana (kodo ko jard), Tri cum aes vum esculenta). (Gahun ko jard) and Oryza sa va (bhaa jard) Fermented Jard has unique value during child birth, death ceremony and masses of maize, barley, buckwheat, canna, cassava also essen al during solemnizing marriage ceremony of tubers/roots, different fruits and flowers of Rhododendron Bhu a, Lepcha and non-Brahmin Nepali communi es. arboreum are also dis lled to prepare raksi. Fermented This beverage is consumed in a unique way in which starchy materials of these substrates are dis lled in a big fermented mass of finger millet is put into the bamboo cylindrical vessel and this dis llate is collected in another vessel and li le amount of hot water is poured on to the vessel which is bo led as local drink raksi. (Fig. 2). Each vessel containing fermented millet. A er 10-15 minutes it is bo le (650-750 ml) costs ` 50-100/- ready to be sipped up through a narrow bamboo straw locally called pipsing. Water can be added 2-3 mes a er Fig. 2. Raksi or tradi onal liquor from different fruits sipping up the liquor through pipsing (Fig. 1d). This beverage displayed in tradi onal food fes val is widely popular in cold areas of the region for keeping the body warm and energized in chilling weather. The rate of jard Rural women in KL-India play an important role in produc on ranges from `50-100/- per dhungro or container as shown in of fermented foods including alcoholic beverages. Their figure. par cipa on extends from cul va on to harves ng, fermenta on to culinary and marke ng as well. Produc on Fig. 1. Fermented finger millet beverage 'Kodo ko Jard' of starter for fermen ng local beverages i.e. marcha is a,b,c, displayed in tradi onal food fes val, d. foreign restricted to Limboo and Rai from Nepali community and Lepchas of the region. This art of marcha produc on is tourist enjoying the beverage protected and transferred from mothers to daughters of these communi es. Hence, such indigenous knowledge is confined to the precise communi es within limited geographical region and so far these nutri ous products could not move beyond local market and among local communi es. In order to wider commercializa on these products should move from small scale household level to large scale opera on for which a commercial unit for local fermented products should be set up in the region for proper and extensive marke ng, which would contribute in strengthening regional economy and could form one of the best livelihood op ons of the rural people of the region. In order to popularize these products amongst outsiders, tourist seasons should be targeted and during these seasons these indigenous products should be exhibited in tradi onal food fes vals. Moreover, in homestays and hotels instead of serving modern alcoholic beverages these tradi onal

SसANGगJUजू 31 beverages should be served to the interested Seeing the popularity of 'Feni' (tradi onal liquor dis lled tourists/visitors, it will help in promo on of tradi onal from cashew or coconut) a local alcoholic beverage in the beverages. Ethnic beverages could have huge scope in near Goa region, which became an integral part of tourism in that future if efforts are made to introduce them among region and locals are earning huge cash from its business. outsiders. This will facilitate in popularizing local products Likewise, Jard and Raksi need to be promoted through a legal beyond the regional level contribu ng in strengthening framework to provide economic benefit to the local people economic status of the indigenous knowledge holders, through community based tourism. furthermore safeguarding the precious indigenous knowledge of the communi es. Diversity Fair: Tool to Study the Wild Edible Local Resources under Hi-Life India Diana E. Amonge and Mahendra S. Lodhi G. B. Pant Na onal Ins tute of Himalayan Environment, North East Regional Centre, Chandra Nagar, Itanagar, Arunachal Pradesh िविवधता मेला एक थािपत बहउ े यीय भागीदारी मा यम है जो समुदाय और िहतधारक को थानीय प से उपल ध ससं ाधन के मह व और मू य के बारे म जाग क बनाने के िलए िचि त िकया गया है, िजसम जैव िविवधता समृि या हॉट पॉट का पता लगाने और मू यांकन करने, जैव िविवधता के सरं क क पहचान करने, बेहतर फसल और िक म क जानकारी तथा सरं ण, बीज और पारंप रक ान का आदान- दान आिद िकया जा सकता है। यह िकसी े िवशेष म उपल ध थानीय फसल /पादप क िविवधता को दिशत करने, बाजार सपं क, सामािजक सपं क को चैनलाइज करने का अवसर दान करता है तथा दुलभ और अनूठी जाितय क बीज आपूित णाली को मजबूत करने म मदद करता है। Diversity Fair (DF) is a well-established mul -purpose During our previous field surveys (2018-20) in selected par cipatory tool designed for making the community and villages under Hi-LIFE project in Changlang district, it was stakeholders aware on the significance and value of locally recorded that villagers living near the fringe areas of available resources. DF has numerous func onali es as it Namdapha Na onal Park & Tiger Reserve u lize various supports to explore and evaluate diversity richness, locate locally available wild and non-cul vated edible plant species diversity rich area or hotspot, iden fy protectors of (WNEPs) as food, spice, medicinal and some mes for biodiversity who maintain unique crops and varie es and cultural purposes. WNEPs may include fruit, nuts, leaves, endorse exchange of seeds and tradi onal knowledge. roots, shoots or whole plants collected either from forests, Basically, it is a mode of displaying the local crops/plant fallow agricultural land, around home-gardens etc. It diversity available in a par cular area. It also provides an contributes considerably to food security to majority of rural opportunity to channelize market linkage, social interac on communi es residing in the hilly regions as WNEP species that would help strengthen the seed supply system of rare are consumed in their local diet. A number of research works and unique species. As such this type of fair is found to be have documented WNEP species to play a major role in very effec ve tool in crea ng awareness on local crop fulfilling the daily food requirements of the rural people. diversity conserva on and management within a community. In addi on to this, DF is nowadays also used for An ini a ve was therefore taken up to organize a one-day various other different purposes such as display of Diversity Fair on WNEPs (Fig. 1) in one of the selected pilot cultural/tradi onal a re, local made handicra s etc. villages i.e. M'Pen II (8th mile) wherein villagers from 2

SसANGगJUजू 32 different villages par cipated. M'Pen II is a medium sized were found to be eaten by the villagers (Fig. 3, 4 & 5). Most of village that is located in Miao Circle of Changlang district, the plant species were collected from the nearby forest area Arunachal Pradesh. It comes under the buffer zone area of while some (especially Colocasia spp.) were found growing Namdapha Tiger Reserve. A total of 108 families reside in the in uncul vated areas of households. Many of the WNEPs village and are mainly dependent on agricultural farming for were easily available throughout the year while some were their livelihood; paddy, fafar, radish being their major crops. found only during specific seasons (Table 1). This sector of In order to conduct DF, a focal group mee ng was held at first WNEPs needs more intensive research work in regard to its with the Gaon-Bura (Headman) and other members of presence, abundance, use and management as this would M'Pen-II village in which they were provided informa on on help form baseline informa on that is very essen al towards the need, process and importance of Diversity Fair. The developing effec ve conserva on and management venue, materials to be displayed, ming and other strategies to ensure that these species con nue to necessi es of the DF were discussed with the key contribute as alterna ve food items for the rural community informants. GBPNIHE, North East Regional Centre organized and if possible can be used as a source to improve food a One-day Diversity Fair under Hi-LIFE India Project that was security in a sustainable manner. Thus, promo ng cul va on a ended by 20 par cipants of which 11 were males and 9 of wild edible plants would help reinforce mul func onal were females. During the fair, the villagers were ques oned agricultural procedures towards food and livelihood security on various informa on regarding WNEPs such as local name, as well as environmental feasibility in rural regions. It would usages, parts used, life forms, availability status, harves ng also enable towards imperishable landscapes, biodiversity season etc. The programme was a success as most of the and ethnic heritage. villagers were unknown to the fact that their fellow community members consume such diverse wild resources, Shrub Tree possessing such high nutri ve as well as medicinal values. 10% 5% Herb 85% Fig. 2: Distribu on of the life forms of WNEPs collected (20 spp.) Fig. 3: Colocasia sp. (Edible part Fig. 4: Dillenia indica - Underground stem) (Edible part - Fruit) A total of 20 wild and non-cul vated edible plant species Fig. 5: Acmella paniculata (Edible part - Leaves & flowers) were recorded belonging to 9 families during the fair event, of which 2 were uniden fied species. Of these 17 spp. were herbs, followed by shrubs (2 spp.) and tree (1 sp.) Fig.2. Most of the plant spp. belonged to the Araceae family (9 spp.) while others belonged to Asteraceae (3 sp.), Athyriaceae, Arecaceae, Apiaceae, Dilleniaceae, Plantaginaceae, Solanaceae, Lamiaceae, and Poaceae (1 sp. each). Young shoots, leaves, flowers, stems and fruit of these plant spp.

33 Table 1: List of Wild and Non-cul vated Edible Plant species (WNEPs) collected from M'Pen -II (7th mile and 8th mile) village Sl. Local names (First Scien fic name Parts Used and Usages Harves ng season No. local name is in (Family) Young shoots: En re year especially Chakma dialect) Diplazium esculentum 1. It is consumed as vegetable (F). (June-Sept) (Athyriaceae) 2. It is boiled and taken as soup during headache (M). En re year 1 Dingy sak/ Aug-Dec Dhekiashaag 1. Young shoots are cooked and eaten as vegetable (not for Nov-Dec people with Low Blood Pressure and sores) (F). En re year 2 Tidey Bedagi/ Calamus flagellum En re year Raidang bet (Arecaceae) 2. The matured stem is used to make chairs, table etc. (IG). En re year 3 Nol Bacchuri/ Bambusa sp. 1. Young shoots are boiled with other vegetables and eaten (F). Bah gosh (Poaceae) 2. The matured shoots are used for house construc on (CT). En re year 4 Narikol Huju/ Colocasia sp. Underground stem is boiled along with dry fish and July-Dec Kosu (Araceae) eaten as vegetable (F). 5 Gorey Huju/ Colocasia sp. Underground stem is boiled and smashed with sour lulu Kosu (Araceae) amilay leaves and eaten with dry fish (F). 6 Sona Hujudik/ Colocasia esculenta Leaves and stem Kosu (Araceae) 1. The leaves are mixed with other vegetables and eaten. 2. The stem is boiled and smashed with elephant apple and 7 BundukHujudik/ Colocasia sp. Kosu (Araceae) eaten as chutney. It is prepared in bamboo (F). 8 LongteiHujudik/ Colocasia sp. Leaves and stem Kosu (Araceae) 1. The leaves are mixed with other vegetables and eaten. 2. The stem is boiled and smashed with elephant apple and 9 Ulu/ Outenga Dillenia indica (Dilleniaceae) eaten as chutney. It is prepared in bamboo (F). Leaves and stem 1. The leaves are mixed with other vegetables and eaten. 2. The stem is boiled and smashed with elephant apple and eaten as chutney. It is prepared in bamboo. Fruit 1. It is eaten as chutney (F). 2. The fruit is also used to relieve from hangover by chewing it in raw form (M). 3. It is used for medicinal purpose by Kobiraj (local healer) a er saying some mantra (M).

34 En re En re En re En re En re En re En re En re En re En re En re

SसANGगJUजू 35 SUCCESS STORY Introduction of Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) at Gorkhey-Samanden Transboundary Village Santosh K. Chhetri, Kailash S. Gaira, Aseesh Pandey, Rajesh Joshi G.B. Pant Na onal Ins tute of Himalayan Environment, Sikkim Regional Centre, Pangthang, Gangtok, Sikkim गोरखे-समाडेन के .एल.-भारत के बरसे-िसगं ालीला पायलट साइट म ि थत सदंु र वन ाम है और एक िस पयटन थल के िलए जाना जाता है। यह गांव जंगल से िघरा होने के कारण मानव-व यजीव सघं ष का अनुभव करता है। इसे यान म रखते हए के .एल.सी.डी.आई.-भारत ने मानव-व यजीव सघं ष के िखलाफ उपशमन उपाय के प म याकॉन ( ाउंड ए पल ) क खेती को बढ़ावा िदया। नतीजतन, गांव म रहने वाले समुदाय के लोग सफलतापूवक जंगली जानवर ारा िबना ित त हए याकॉन क खेती कर रहे है और साथ ही साथ अपिश भूिम का उपयोग भी याकॉन क खेती म कर आिथक लाभ ा कर रहे है। Gorkhey-Samanden village, a transboundary village of KL- Aiming to provide yacon (a Peruvian ground apple, India, is known for its high al tude forest as well as a famous tradi onally grown in the Northern and Central Andes) tourist des na on. World famous Fhalut and Sandalkphu based alterna ve livelihood op ons and to curb crop (situated at the roo op of the villages) the two famous depreda on in the village, as many as 44 farmers were tourist a rac on points are trekked through these villages. trained on yacon cul va on from Gorkhey-Samanden under Owing to limited land possessions, people of Gorkhey- the Khangchendzonga Landscape Conserva on and Samanden prac ce agriculture at subsistence besides Development Ini a ve (KLCDI-India) programme. During prac cing community based tourism. Human Wildlife the me (June 2017) farmers were demonstrated Interface (HWI) (i.e., crops depreda on) is the main ques on techniques of sowing as well as growing of yacon. Later in the apart from other burgeoning issues of the village. year around 700 seedlings of yacon distributed to 44 farmers

SसANGगJUजू 36 of Gorkhey-Samanden, from which they obtained Inevitably seeing upon the poten ality of yacon, wastelands approximately 4 kg/plant of yacon with a total produc on of of the village can be u lized by growing it further so that 2500 kg/year (approx.). Market linkages for selling yacon has village waste land can be restored for cul va on and help in been established recently with support from farmers group genera ng rural incomes. Since the crop needs minimum and vendors, whereas 500 kg was sold to Kolkata earning care which will hardly be depredated by wild animals, is income of 15000 (@Rs.30/kg). In a subsequent year, the more advantageous and poten al crop in such wilderness planta on of yacon was repeated using the tubers from old areas where growing edible crops becomes an actual plants and planta on was raised to 2200 plants, which challenge. resulted greater produc on (10,000 kg) in the year 2020. As an outcome of capacity building ac vi es, farmers started adding value to yacon produced by making yacon wine and syrup which is being served to tourists in homestays. Further, the waste material of yacon is fed to animal (cow), which increases milk produc on upto 50%. Ms. Ranjana Che ri (one of the members of Saraswa female SHG of Samanden) informed us that she made 50 bo les of yacon wine from her cul va on during countrywide lockdown last year i.e. 2020 and sold 50% of it to the villagers and the remaining was used at the household level. Other than Ranjana, female SHG members of Gorkhey- Samanden prepare wine of yacon and earning from the same. Most households of the village are growing yacon and use these at their houses or feeding the cows, as the community informed. Yacon plants at Gorkhey Yacon plant and tuber

SसANGगJUजू 37 Community Based Ecotourism Management in Dzongu of Khangchendzonga Landscape Santosh K. Che ri, Kailash S. Gaira, Aseesh Pandey, Rajesh Joshi G.B. Pant Na onal Ins tute of Himalayan Environment, Sikkim Regional Centre, Pangthang, Gangtok, Sikkim ज़ गु ले चा समुदाय भु व े है तथा कं चनजंगा प र य-भारत म ि थत उ री िसि कम के दूर थ े म से एक है िजसम 41 से अिधक छोटे गांव-बि तयां ह। ज़ गु म सौ ितशत ले चा जनजाित का िनवास है और समृ जैव िविवधता से िघरे होने के कारण यह एक सभं ािवत पयटन थल हो सकता है। इसे यान म रखते हए, के .एल.सी.डी.आई.-भारत प रयोजना के तहत सामुदाियक समूह (स गिबंग पयटन िवकास और बंधन सिमित- एस.टी.डी.एम.सी.) का गठन िकया गया। इस खंृ ला म, एस.टी.डी.एम.सी. क मता और कौशल को मजबतू कर, ज़ गु ि थत पयटन थल क पहचान और मानिच ण कर, तथा होम टे सचं ालन और पारंप रक ह तिश प और हथकरघा म िश ण दान कर समुदाय आधा रत इकोटू र म को प रकि पत िकया गया। नतीजतन, एस.टी.डी.एम.सी.-सामुदाियक समूह वष 2017 से ज़ गु म स गिबंग नेचर एडं क चर फे ि टवल का आयोजन कर पयटक को आकिषत कर रहा है तथा धन का सजृ न कर रहा है। Lepcha community dominated place Dzongu is one of the The majority households of the village depend on remotest areas of North Sikkim under KL consists of more agriculture, hor culture and livestock which are the main than 41 smaller village se lements (The en re Dzongu is sources of income. The people cul vate ginger, vegetables, 100% inhabited by aboriginal tribal Lepchas of Sikkim, with and large cardamom, orange and mustard, people serve as the popula on of 8550 and 1200 households). government employees, contractors, local businessmen and Geographically it is covered by the KL with hills, mountains, run homestay to cater to the tourists for their livelihoods, river stream, waterfalls and lakes. This pris ne biodiversity whereas the natural resources that are intricately linked with rich area is worshipped, conserved and managed as part of sustenance of villagers as Dzongu represents a site of ethnic the culture of this region. It is declared as a protected area pure part of KL and most of the landscape in Dzongu is (vide No fica on No.3069/O.S. dated 24 March 1958 issued considered as wilderness and sacred. by the Home department, Government of Sikkim), for the indigenous primi ve tribe called Lepcha and closely Although the common prac ce at this remote restricted site associated with the UNESCO World Heritage Site with mixed is not to misuse, degrade or destroy common proper es the category nature and culture. To conserve the nature-culture households are having direct dependence on agricultural boun fully in the region, reasonable restric on has been ac vi es. The key issues and challenges exist in the region imposed with regard to entry to the area for all those non- are: decreased large cardamom produc ons, human- residents of Dzongu due to the backwardness (shyness) of wildlife-conflicts, youth outmigra on, low agricultural the inhabitants and to protect them from possible produc vity, limited livelihood opportuni es, etc. Besides, exploita on from the intruders. The most unique and the agricultural ac vi es, the community in the villages are common feature of this loca on is to have a rich tradi on of indirectly relying on the forest resources for fodder, conserva on of natural resources through customary fuelwood, wild edibles, medicinal plants and mber. Dzongu methods. is equally considered for its extreme vulnerability to changing faces of development (cultural and social), and

SसANGगJUजू 38 climate changes. The rich and unique biological diversity, the frequent a acks by wild animals on standing crops in this ecosystem goods and services, and the value based cultural area. In such situa on, they considered tourism as the safest heritage of the place are under rapid process of op on. transforma on. As a result the ecological and cultural integrity of Dzongu is under severe threat. As per preliminary Recognized Bungthings (na ve healer) by Hon'ble Minister, survey the area can be a poten al ecotourism des na on Road & Bridges, Govt of Sikkim, Shri G. M. Gurung as 'Chief Guest' due to the presence of rich biodiversity and a rac ve Visitors travel to Dzongu (off course on obtaining entry cultural and religious assets available. So, to visualize a permit) to see the ethnic tribe and their culture and strategy for the landscape was necessary. tradi ons. Besides, guest will be interested to understand and learn the Lepcha ethnic language. Some homestays are Realizing the above, Dzongu was iden fied as one of the pilot already opera onal in important loca ons i.e., Passingdang, sites of the Khangchendzonga Landscape (KL)-India under Lingthem-Lingdem, and Tingvong. Two important Khangchendzonga Landscape Conserva on & Development ecotourism trainings on ecotourism related sector namely Ini a ve (KLCDI) for its implementa on in Indian part by skill and capacity building for improved tourism services: NIHE-Sikkim Regional Centre through coordina on with training and exposure visit (September 2017), and training na ve organiza on Mutanchi Lom Aal Shezum (MLAS), on homestay steering and management (January 2019) were Dzongu. During preliminary studies, it was found that the conducted by NIHE involving local youths/homestay owners region is blessed with natural beauty and various other (males/females). Apart from this, celebra on of Songbing tourist a rac ons like hotspring, an old monastery, Hotspring Tourism Fes val under KLCDI ini a ve in one has Songbing cave, etc. add to the development of ecotourism in also broadened skill and knowledge among the ethnic the region. Besides, the people of this region s ll follow a rich communi es. Since the incep on of the training and ethnic culture and tradi ons of Lepchas that further adds up awareness programme, people of Dzongu have been importance to the site in terms of ecotourism development. mobilized and became keen to ini ate homestays For the sole purpose of Ecotourism development and livelihood in the GPU, “Songbing Tourism Management and Development Commi ee (STMDC)” was formed and other procedures to develop the ecotourism are being followed in the site by teamwork with the commi ee and field partner- MLAS, Dzongu. The ini al effort was a result of skill and capacity building programme organized at Yuksam, West Sikkim under KLCDI-India to improve ecotourism services in pilot sites of KL-India. To explore and promote the ecotourism opportuni es in the Dzongu pilot site, ecotourism fes val was organized through involving local community organiza on i.e. STDMC supported by KLCDI- India with the objec ves as i) community-based tourism (CBT) focusing indigenous Lepcha culture, ii) newly explored poten al tourist place (Songbing) and other nearby spots, iii) interface the culture and tradi on with tourism and livelihood, iv) learn and knowledge exchange pla orm. The event was also, aimed to promote local tourism engaging local community, showcasing ethnic culture and tradi ons, food, dresses, etc., thereby sharing the benefits equally among local communi es, that has built skills of manufacturing locally designed handicra s, crea ng other op ons of livelihoods. The reason behind this choice was the

SसANGगJUजू 39 Glimpse of Songbing fes val A Homestay in Dzongu entrepreneurship providing ecotourism services such as become other interes ng means of showcasing/marke ng hospitality management, housekeeping, cooking and the tourism product in Dzongu. The rooms are booked culinary, food and beverages, sanitary services, guides, almost throughout the year and there are no differences in nature walk, experiencing ethnic food and beverages, off-seasons also. The charge of rooms is within Rupees1000/ po ers, culture and tradi ons, etc. In a way a small and night per person and the peak seasons starts from February- rather an unseen part of improving a homestay prac ce is June and in September-November in a year. KLCDI-India the Host-Tourist interac on has been set off there. The programme intervened by NIHE with ac ve support from importance of an informa on board was also necessary in ICIMOD has become instrumental in vitalizing people of Lingdem village itself. A milestone and a sign board installed Dzongu for conserva on and development mo o and for the by NIHE during 2018 depic ng the simple, small and basic first me made people aware considering the Indian part of informa on of the village, or the region or a homestay KL. It will be needlless to say through the programme served a greater purpose of its adver sement as well as for interven ons, besides monetary gains, community has the ease of the visitors. Sign boards showing the mo o of learned the ethics of conserva on, livelihood genera on keeping the village clean, plas c wastes free is taken up. In through diversifying op ons of livelihood viz., making of this instance, pu ng a short, easy and picturesque yarn using ne le plant (Girardinia diversifolia) and opera ng informa on board outside the hotspring of Lingden, having homestays and follow tradi onal prac ces and knowledge in an extra informa on board for Dos and Don'ts outside the sustainable use of natural resources, understanding nature hotspring has come up. A new trail reaching to famous and highly valued cultures and tradi ons, documen ng local Songbing cave up has been developed recently as tourist bioresources while dra ing Peoples Biodiversity Register a rac on point. Eight homestays namely Songmit Lee, (PBR), understanding the need of na ve language, dresses, Permit Lee, Younfee Lee, Ren Rong Anum, Brong Lee foods, arts and cra s as inherited by their ancestors. The Lingthem Lyang, Lepcha and Yalbong Lee homestays are local handloom products developed with ac ve support func onal in Lingthem-lingdem, Gram Panchayat Unit. Most from KLCDI programme has also helped to a ract tourist and of the above Homestay owners have visi ng cards but the became livelihood genera ng op on for the villagers. Apart promo on done in this way may not have a broader effects. from this, empowering women towards entrepreneurship Addi onally, in order to promote ecotourism as tourism development, and skill and capacity building are some of the des na on sites in en re Dzongu villages, KLCDI–India recent skill development ac vi es under KLCDI programme. programme has ini ated crea ng a website page Further promo on of Lepcha Conserva on Reserve is (www.tourismklindia.com) dedicated to KL and also through required through awareness and mobiliza on of the people the flyers, posters and tourist informa on boards depic ng about the forgo en Nature Reserve of Dzongu. The ini a ve the map of the village along with the important tourism taken under KLCDI-India was found frui ul as a result the des na ons. Using social media means such as internet (for Songbing Fes val is being organized by its local community online booking), video, facebook, youtube, Instagram has based organiza on i.e., STDMC every year.

SसANGगJUजू 40 Section च दास घाटी के सीमावत े म उ च िहमालयी बहमू य औषधीय प ध के कृ िषकरण ारा आजीिवका वृि हते ु एक पहल vfer cgq[k.Mh] dqynhi tks'kh] ujsUnz ifjgkj] vkbZ- Mh- HkV~V xksfoUn cYyHk iar jk\"Vªh; fgeky;h i;kZoj.k laLFkku] vYeks³k Hkkjrh; fgeky;h {ks= izkphu dky ls gh tSo fofo/krk dk eq[; semecarpifolia)] Fkqusj (Taxus baccata)] cqjka'k (Rhododenon Hk.Mkj jgk gS ,oa ;g {ks= ikSa/kksa dh yxHkx 18,440 iztkfr;ksa arboreum)] dkQy (Myrica esculenta) vkfn ls f?kjk gqvk ,d ¼,aft;ksLieZ% 8000 iztkfr( ftEuksLieZ% 44 iztkfr( VsfjMksQkbV çfl) èkkÆed LFkku Jh ukjk;.k vkJe LFkkfir gS] ftldh 600 iztkfr( czk;ksQkbV~l 1736 iztkfr( ykbdsu 1159 iztkfr LFkkiuk Jh ukjk;.k Lokeh }kjk o\"kZ 1936 esa dh x;h FkhA vkSj QatkbZ 6900 iztkfr½ dk izfrfuf/kRo djrk gSA ftuesa orZeku esa ;g vkJe Jh ukjk;.k vkJe VªLV }kjk fu;af=r gS yxHkx 45% iztkfr;ksa esa vkS\"k/kh; xq.k ik;s tkrs gS] lkFk gh ,oa laLFkku }kjk bl dsaæh; LFkku dk p;u ifj;kstuk ds rgr muesa ls yxHkx 1748 iztkfr;k¡ vkS\"k/kh; :i ls egRoiw.kZ gSaA ladVxzLr vkS\"kèkh; ikSèkksa ds o`gn mRiknu gsrq ekr` ulZjh ftudk mi;ksx vk/kqfud ,oa ikjaifjd fpfdRlk iz.kkyh esa dbZ fuekZ.k ¼ekLVj çn'kZu LFky vkSj i‚yhgkml½ ,oa fofoèk O;kf/k;ksa@jksxksa ¼mnkgj.kkFkZ isV nnZ] Toj] lnhZ] jDrlzko] ?kko] laosnhdj.k ,oa {kerk fuekZ.k dk;Z'kkykvksa ds vk;kstu gsrq laØe.k] tyu] ihfy;k] bU¶yw,atk] nLr] dSalj] e/kqesg] ân; fd;k x;kA ftlds rgr laLFkku }kjk Jh ukjk;.k vkJe esa jksx vkfn½ ds jksdFkke ds fy, fd;k tkrk gSA orZeku le; esa le; & le; ij LFkkuh; d`\"kdksa dks mPp xq.koRrk okys cht] fofHkUu vkS\"k/kh; ikniksa ds o`gn mi;ksx] ekuo tfur ncko] ikSa/k vkfn dk forj.k] d`f\"kdj.k fof/k ,oa rduhdh Kku iznku oukfXu] izkd`frd vkinkvksa vkfn ds izHkko ls ikni iztkfr;ksa fd;k tkrk gSA blds vykok laLFkku {ks= esa tkx:drk ij ladV mRiUu gksus yxk gSA lkFk gh dbZ cgqewY; vkS\"k/kh; vfHk;ku] vkS\"k/kh; ikniksa ds laj{k.k ,oa laoZ/ku gsrq rduhdh iztkfr;ka foyqfIr dh vksj vxzlj gSA vr% bl cgqewY; /kjksgj dk;Z'kkykvksa dk vk;kstu djrk jgk gSA lkFk gh laLFkku us ds laj{k.k ,oa lao/kZu gsrq lQy iz;Ru vko';d gSA mijksDr izxfr'khy d`\"kdksa }kjk mRikfnr ikniksa ds fodz; gsrq igywvksa dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, xksfoUn cYyHk iUr jk\"Vªh; mRrjk[k.M jkT; ds ljdkjh] xSjljdkjh laxBuksa tSls fd fgeky;h i;kZoj.k laLFkku] vYeks³k }kjk fiFkkSjkx< dh nwjLFk g;weu bafM;k Jhuxj (Human India, Srinagar)] lqjdq.Mk lhekorhZ pkSankl ?kkVh esa cgqewY; vkS\"k/kh; ikniksa ds laj{k.k] t³h cwVh lewg ckxs'oj (Surkunda Jadi Buti Samooh, lao/kZu ,oa d`f\"kdj.k gsrq jk\"Vªh; fgeky;h v/;;u fe'ku Bageshwer)] Hks\"ktd la?k bdkbZ fiFkkSjkx< (Pharmacist iksf\"kr ifj;kstuk fdz;kfUor gSA ftlds rgr pkSankl ?kkVh ds Union, Pithoragarh) vkfn ls le>kSrk izi= Hkh rS;kj fd;k gSA fpfUg~r xkWoksa lkslk] fu;kax] iaydkjh] iLrh] t;dksV] ikaxyk] ftlds rgr mDr laLFkk,sa lh/ks rkSj ij LFkkuh; d`\"kdksa }kjk xLdw] Nyek&fNyklkSa] fge[kksyk vkfn ds yxHkx 150 mRikfnr vkS\"k/kh; lkekxzh dks mfpr nj ij dz; djsaxhA izxfr'khy d`\"kd o\"kZ 2018&2020 ls fofo/k vkS\"k/kh; iztkfr;ksa tSls ou gYnh (Hedychium spicatum)] dqVdh (Picrorrhiza blds vykok laLFkku }kjk LFkkuh; leqnk; dh vkfFkZd fLFkfr kurrooa)] dwV (Saussurea costus)] tEcw (Allium stracheyi)] etcwr djus ,oa ou Hk.Mkj.k dks lajf{kr djus gsrq Jh pks: (Angelica glauca)] rstikr (Cinnamomum tamala)] ukjk;.k vkJe ,oa pkSankl ?kkVh ds fofHkUu xkWoksa esa ou gYnh lE;ksa (Valeriana jatamansi) vkfn dk o`gn d`f\"kdj.k yxHkx ¼diwj&dpjh½ ls fpIl fuekZ.k gsrq izf'k{k.k dk;Z'kkyk dk 200 ukyh Hkwfe esa dj jgs gSaA vk;kstu fnlacj ekg esa fd;k] ftlesa yxHkx 80 LFkkuh; d`\"kdksa us Hkkxhnkjh lqfuf'pr djrs gq, izfrHkkx fd;kA bl ;g pkSankl ?kkVh Hkkjrh; {ks= esa ifo= dSykl ekuljksoj ;k=k dk;Z'kkyk esa fpIl&dVj e'khu ,oa eSU;wvy fof/k }kjk ds çkphu ekxZ ds :i esa Hkh fo'o fo[;kr gSA bl ?kkVh ds dsaæ ougYnh ds fpIl fuekZ.k dh ckjhfd;ksa ij Jh Hkwiky flag esa leqæ ry ls yxHkx 2700 ehVj dh Åapkà ij fofo/k ikni xf³;k] izfrfuf/k lqjdq.Mk t³h cwVh lewg ckxs'oj }kjk iztkfr;ksa nsonkj (Cedrus deodara)] ckat (Quercus izf'k{k.k fn;k x;kA lkFk gh mUgksus crk;k fd orZeku esa ou

SसANGगJUजू 41 gYnh dk ewY; yxHkx 25 :@fdxzk gS tks mDr ¼oSY;w ,Mhlu½ d`\"kdks dks yxHkx 6&8 dqary ou gYnh dk cht ,oa 3 yk[k fpIl fuekZ.k }kjk yxHkx nks ls rhu xquk ¼60&70 :@fdxzk½ dqVdh ds ikSa/ks o`gn jksi.k gsrq vkoafVr dj pkSankl {ks= ls rd c< tkrk gSA ftlds ifj.kke Lo:i ou gYnh ds mRiknu yxHkx 5&10 Vu ou gYnh ds mRiknu dk y{; j[kk x;k gS] ls tq³s LFkkuh; d`\"kdksa dks vkfFkZd ykHk gksxk ,oa vU; LFkkuh; tks fd Hkfo\"; esa pkSankl {ks= ds LFkkuh; leqnk; dh vkfFkZdh fuokfl;ksa dk mijksDr ikniksa ds d`f\"kdj.k gsrq :>ku c<sxk dks etcwr djsxk ,oa dksfoM& 19 egkekjh ls izHkkfor tks fd Hkfo\"; esa izkd`frd lalk/kuksa ds laj{k.k ,oa lao/kZu esa dfBukbZ;ksa dks de djus esa lgk;d gksxkA lgk;d gksxkA mDr ifj;kstu ds rgr laLFkku }kjk LFkkuh; pkSankl ?kkVh ds fu;kax xk¡o esa ou gYnh ¼diwj&dpjh½ dk Jh ukjk;.k vkJe esa LFkkfir i‚yhgkml esa cgqewY; vkS\"k/kh; o`gn d`f\"kdj.k ikniksa dk laj{k.k ,oa lao/kZu Jh Hkwiky flag xf³;k izfrfuf/k lqjdq.Mk t³h cwVh lewg ckxs'oj LFkkuh; d`\"kd dks eSU;wvy fof/k }kjk ou gYnh ls fpIl fuekZ.k dh ckjhfd;ksa ij izf'k{k.k nsrs gq,s

SसANGगJUजू 42 PARTICIPANT'S REFLECTIONS LARGE CARDAMOM FARMING AND LIVELIHOOD ENHANCEMENT CERTIFICATE COURSE: A WHOLESOME REVIEW AND PERSONAL EXPERIENCE Subecha Pradhan The 15 days training on large cardamom farming and contentment also told us about how the cul va on of livelihood enhancement was based on farming related to large cardamom has changed their lives and have helped “Large Cardamom'' locally known as “Bada Elaichii''. them in their livelihood and have also helped them educate their children. It was however the most fulfilling The training started with full pomp from the very next conversa on we have had with one of the farmers from day we reached Yuksam, li le did we knew about the Norbugang, all thanks to Kinzong Bhu a Sir for taking us large cardamom. For us, it was the spice which we add in there for the live interac on. tea to accentuate and enhance its taste and flavour but as the days at Yuksam went by we were enlightened with However, in the theory class at KCC, Dr. Kailash Gaira the amazing facts about this most valuable yet the most shed light on the topics like Economic Value-addi on of neglected cash crop widely found in Sikkim, as well as Large Cardamom and how can one earn profit even using Darjeeling and Kalimpong hills of West Bengal. As a the llers for making curtains. He too made us aware of ma er of fact, seventeen types of large cardamom is how can framing the Crop Calendar can help in managing found in Sikkim amongst which the six most cul vated farming of certain crops and men oned about different cul vars are Ramsey, Ramla, Sawney, Varlangey, evolu on that has changed the picture in the past, Seremna, Dzongu Golsey. It was on the second day we present and the high probability of cul va on of Large learnt with Dr. Aseesh, about these cul vars and the Cardamom opening new avenues for future Agripreneur. al tude where it is grown. Also, we were exposed to the However, Dr. Aseesh gave us an overview of Large fields for enhancing our knowledge in prac cality where Cardamom variety where he too men oned about the we got the closure of how large cardamom is cul vated, difference between a “cul var'' and a “variety” providing its different phases star ng from seed selec on to us an informa on about the two varie es prepared by sowing it to transplan ng to harves ng. In the field we “Indian Cardamom Research Ins tute'' in Sikkim i.e ICRI were told about the importance of sunlight as it being Sikkim 1 and ICRI Sikkim 2 which as later informed by Dr. one of the crucial components for the autotrophic plant T.N. Deka from Spices Board was the cul var of sawney for the process of photosynthesis where the plants having high yield. Dr. Santosh K Che ri on the other hand prepare their own food for its growth and development sha ered light upon how farming is boon to the along with carbon-dioxide and water. Himalayas and the study of Large Cardamom covering various topics, few of which includes morphology, Moreover, different phases like levelling the fields, anatomy, phenology, gene cs and many more. adding the fer le humus (matured), bordering with the side soil, adding the sand to avoid weed, covering the The resource persons and an eminent scholars from levelled field with the ferns were all prac cally different departments and ins tu on shared their demonstrated to us. It was brought to our no ce that if knowledge on various topics such as methods of dealing taken care 250 gram of seeds can give around 1.50-2 lakh with the diseases, issues and challenges in large of saplings. However, each of the farmers we had the cardamom cul va on; post-harvest techniques; drying privilege to meet provided diversified perspec ves; it and grading processes; seeding, sowing and nursery bed was perhaps their life-long experiences that made them prepara on; governmental schemes for large an ace in their par cular field in spite of the challenges cardamom; advanced technologies such as modified that came along their ways. They with great dryer and plant ssue culture; value chain development

SसANGगJUजू 43 and e-marke ng where resource person Dr. Sandeep coordinator of GSDP and head Sikkim Regional Centre. It Rawat delivered presenta on on the importance of was indeed a moment of pride for all of us. Large Cardamom focusing basically on the medicinal proper es of it. Later Dr. Ghanashyam Sharma provided It was such a whirlwind of three weeks, working with the gist of cul va ng large cardamom in an effec ve way. such a jubilant and keen mate and learning from the In an addendum he delivered his perspec ve on large most incredible team of Scien sts and trainers who le cardamom farming being a Legacy. no stone unturned working assiduously to make this journey worth memorable. I am personally grateful to Moreover, Dr. M.S Ramalingam, Deputy Director of G.B Pant Na onal Ins tute of Himalayan Environment Spices Board gave us the compara ve analysis on (GBPHINE) and its associates like Hor culture and Cash tradi onal and modern techniques for drying the large Crop Department, Government of Sikkim and cardamom, the market channels, auc on centres. Dr. Khangchendzonga Conserva on Centre, Yuksam for Laxman Sharma from the Hor culture department of organizing this enlightening training program on Large Sikkim University shared his knowledge about organic Cardamom Cul va on under Green Skill Development technology, Vermicompos ng/ Biofer lizers, various Program (GSDP) and enhancing the youths from Sikkim, methods of preparing it and how an effec ve nutrient Darjeeling and Kalimpong. management should be done. A new concept “Microbial Consor um''-a single window solu on was introduced To conclude, Agripreneurship today is an absolute to us. Our yet another resource person Dr. T.N. Deka from necessity as the employment generation has been the Spices Board gave us the salubrious idea on totally crashed due to the commotion caused by this cardamom cul va on. He also provided us an idea and pandemic where people are facing growing poverty and procedure for applying dealer license for the traders unemployment. However, Agripreneurship can be engaged in Cardamom Business. proven to a beacon of hope to the young generation generating a wide range of benefits in economic sectors Apart from all the knowledge received and acquired as new jobs, innovative products and services, creation within such a short period of me, we also learned the of new business ventures and an increased agri- basic ethics of life and how an amalgama on of productivity. Hence, these types of skill development planning, coordina on, assiduousness, systema c programs should be organized more often to help learning and an aggressive posi ve a tude is important youngsters to enhance their skills and knowledge in to mould us and help us in a long run of becoming a order to make them self employed without depending successful entrepreneur. Under the guidance of Miss on any Governmental jobs and teaching them the art of Uden and Mr. Kinzong, we were con nuously shown self resiliency and inspiring each to innovate. demonstra on related to teamwork. Every day of the training was a learning experience. On the very last two days we got the wonderful opportunity to be a part of the interna onal webinar where the dignitaries from India, Bhutan and Nepal spoke on various topics and issues related to large cardamom and the importance of “GI tagging''. It was my privilege, that I along with one of my fellow trainees were able to represent the whole slot of trainees in the webinar by verbally delibera ng the gist of the 15 days of frui ul learning. Later, all the par cipants were felicitated with cer ficate by Dr. Rajesh Joshi,



सयं ोजक सं थान गोिव द ब लभ प त रा ीय िहमालयी पयावरण सं थान क थापना सन 1988-99 मे पयावरण, वन एवं जलवायु प रवतन मं ालय भारत सरकार के वाय शासी सं थान के प म क गयी । यह सं थान संपणू भारतीय िहमालय े म वै ािनक ान को बढावा दने ,े एक कृ त ब धन रणनीित बनाने व उनके ाकृ ितक संसाधन के संर ण म भािवता के दशन और पयावरणीय ि से मजबतू बंधन हते ु मु य सं थान के प म िचि हत है । Coordina ng Ins tute G. B. Pant Na onal Ins tute of Himalayan Environment was established in 1988-89 as an autonomous ins tute of Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change (MoEF & CC), Government of India. The ins tute has been iden fied as focal agency to advance scien fic knowledge, evolve integrated management strategies, demonstrate their efficacy or conserva on of natural resources, and ensure environmentally sounds management in the en re Indian Himalayan region (IHR). गोिव द ब लभ प त रा ीय िहमालयी पयावरण सं थान G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment An autonomous Institute of Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change (MoEF & CC, Government of India) Kosi- Katarmal, Almora 263 643, Uttarakhan, INDIA Web: http://gbpihed.gov.in | Phone: +91-5962-241015 For further detail, please contact: Dr. Ranbeer S. Ranwal, Director, National Project Coordinator-KSLCDI, India ([email protected]) Dr. Rajesh Joshi, Scientist E, Nodal Person - KL, India ([email protected]) Er. M.S. Lodhi, Scientist E, Nodal Person, Hi-LIFE, India ([email protected]) Dr. V.S. Negi, Scientist E, Nodal Officer, KSLCDI, India ([email protected])