DPB20043 MIS Electronic Flip Book

Authentication The process of identifying an individual, usually based on a username and password.

Firewall • Firewalls prevent unauthorized users from accessing private networks. • A firewall is a combination of hardware and software that controls the flow of incoming and outgoing network traffic.

CHAPTER 3 DATA AND DATABASE

Data Management • Data management is the development and execution of architectures, policies, practices and procedures in order to manage the information lifecycle needs of an enterprise in an effective manner.



Data • Data consists of raw facts such as matrix number, total hours worked in a week. • Types of data includes alphanumeric, images, audio and video.

Types of data • There are multiple types of data. Some of the more common types of data include the following: • Single character • Boolean (true or false) • Text (string) • Number (integer or floating-point) • Picture • Sound • Video

Information • Information is processed data; that is, it is organized, meaningful and useful. • Computers process data into information.





Knowledge • Concepts, experience, and insight that provide a framework for creating, evaluating and using information. • Knowledge includes the skills, experience and expertise, coupled with information and intelligence that creates a person’s intellectual resources.

Knowledge base • A knowledge base is a technology used to store complex structured and unstructured information used by a computer system. The initial use of the term was in connection with expert systems which were the first knowledge-based systems.

Information policy for data management a. Information policy • An information policy specifies the organization’s rules for several activities. • Sharing • Disseminating • Acquiring • Standardizing • Classifying • Inventorying information

Information policy • Information policy is the set of all public laws, regulations and policies that encourage, discourage, or regulate the creation, use, storage, access, and communication and dissemination of information.

b. Data administration • Data administration or data resource management is an organizational function working in the areas of information systems and computer science that plans, organizes, describes and controls data resources. Data resources are usually as stored in databases under a database management system or other software such as electronic spreadsheet.

c. Data governance • Data governance (DG) refers to the overall management of the availability, usability, integrity, and security of the data employed in an enterprise. • A sound data governance program includes a governing body or council, a defined set of procedures, and a plan to execute those procedures.

d. Database administration • Database administration (DBA) is a resource that supervises both the database and the use of the Database Management System (DBMS). DBA is usually a group, but sometimes it refers to the database administrator.

Knowledge Management • Knowledge management, or KM, is the process through which organizations generate value from their intellectual property and knowledge-based assets • Knowledge management involves the creation, dissemination, and utilization of knowledge

Components of knowledge management • Knowledge Management - in a definition of an organizations capability to manage its data, information and employees expertise' - has arguably four major components:

Four Major Components Knowledge Management a. Knowledge Acquisition b. Knowledge storage c. Knowledge Dissemination d. Knowledge Application

Database approach to data management a. Traditional Database b. Database Management System (DBMS)

Types of Database Management System (DBMS) a. Relational Database Management System b. Hierarchical Database Management System c. Network Database Management System d. Object-oriented Database Management System

Data warehouse • A data warehouse is a huge database that stores and manages the data required to analyze historical and current transactions. • Through a data warehouse, managers and other users access transactions and summaries of transactions quickly and efficiently.

Data mining • Data warehouse often use a process called data mining to find patterns and relationships among data. • Data mining is the process of sorting through large data sets to identify patterns and establish relationships to solve problems through data analysis. Data mining tools allow enterprises to predict future trends.



Data collected within an organisation Data Collected Where Used for? from? Order details, customer details complaints Financial data Cost of goods, new product Sales data

CHAPTER 4 INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND ORGANIZATION STRATEGY





Types of Decisions • Decisions are classified as structured, semi- structured, and unstructured.



Basic systems model for all Information Systems

Types of Information System (IS) a. Office Information System (OIS) b. Transaction Processing Systems (TPS) c. Management Information System (MIS) d. Decision Support System (DSS) e. Executive Support System (ESS)

Office Information System • The Office Information System (OIS) is an advanced word processing system of the hardware, software and processes that provides the technical support and services for the timely retrieval of accurate information by computerized systems to enable effective planning, operation and monitoring of services.

















Executive Information System

Enterprises Application System a. Enterprise Resource Planning Systems b. Supply Chain Management Systems c. Customer Relationship Management Systems d. Knowledge Management Systems

Enterprise Resource Planning Systems

Customer Relationship Management Systems • Customer relationship management (CRM) is a technology for managing all your company's relationships and interactions with customers and potential customers. • A CRM system helps companies stay connected to customers, streamline processes, and improve profitability.

Knowledge Management Systems • A knowledge management system is any kind of IT system that stores and retrieves knowledge to improve understanding, collaboration, and process alignment. • Knowledge management systems can exist within organizations or teams, but they can also be used to center your knowledge base for your users or customers.