["- H\u01b0\u01a1ng Thu l\u00e0 b\u00ed danh c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, t\u00ean th\u1eadt l\u00e0 Lan. T\u1ea1i sao \u00f4ng Ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1eb7t b\u00e0i h\u00e1t c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 ba ch\u1eef Lan H\u01b0\u01a1ng Thu? T\u00f4i h\u1ecfi ch\u1ecb: - C\u00f3 bao gi\u1edd ch\u1ecb c\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh g\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i anh Ph\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng? Thu H\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e1p: - Kh\u00f4ng! Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu g\u1eb7p anh Ph\u01b0\u1edbc anh n\u00f3i h\u1ed9 v\u1edbi anh \u1ea5y: T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 hai l\u1ea7n l\u1eadp gia \u0111\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd t\u00f4i qu\u00ean anh Ph\u01b0\u1edbc - ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c b\u00e0i H\u01b0\u01a1ng Giang D\u1ea1 Kh\u00fac. L\u00e2u l\u1eafm t\u00f4i m\u1edbi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0i h\u00e1t n\u1ea7y nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft anh Ph\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00e0nh b\u00e0i h\u00e1t n\u1ea7y cho t\u00f4i. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 Ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eb7p m\u1eb7t h\u01a1n m\u01b0\u1eddi l\u0103m n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh b\u1ea1n th\u00e2n thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi gia \u0111\u00ecnh Thu H\u01b0\u01a1ng. M\u01b0\u1eddi l\u0103m n\u0103m sau (1976), n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, t\u00f4i g\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i anh Ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. Sau l\u00fac m\u1eebng r\u1ee1, n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n chung xong r\u1ed3i, t\u00f4i k\u00e9o anh Ph\u01b0\u1edbc ra n\u00f3i nh\u1ecf: - C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec7n t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i ri\u00eang v\u1edbi anh! - Chuy\u1ec7n g\u00ec? - Ph\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ecfi. - T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p Thu H\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ed3i! - G\u1eb7p \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u? - G\u1eb7p \u1edf New York! - B\u00e2y gi\u1edd Thu H\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u? T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e0nh ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt: - Thu H\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u00ean c\u1ed5 r\u1ed3i. Do m\u1ed9t tai n\u1ea1n m\u00e1y bay c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y s\u00e1u b\u1ea3y n\u0103m! T\u00f4i n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3 n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft anh Ph\u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0ng tr\u00f2ng. V\u00e0 m\u1eaft t\u00f4i c\u0169ng ng\u1ea5n l\u1ec7. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o qu\u00ean. Ng\u00e0y truy \u0111i\u1ec7u anh Ph\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f4i h\u00e1t l\u1ea1i b\u00e0i H\u01b0\u01a1ng Giang D\u1ea1 Kh\u00fac v\u00e0 nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i chuy\u1ec7n n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft anh l\u01b0ng tr\u00f2ng, n\u0103m 1976. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 Thu H\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 ra ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u00ean c\u1ed5 nh\u01b0ng Ph\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1ea7n. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd t\u00f4i kh\u1ea5n tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ed3n anh: - Ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m nay t\u00f4i h\u00e1t l\u1ea1i b\u00e0i n\u1ea7y, trong gi\u1edd ph\u00fat n\u1ea7y bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e2u b\u1ea1n \u1edf b\u00ean kia th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i Thu H\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u0103ng! T\u00f4i hy v\u1ecdng anh Ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 tr\u00ean tr\u1ea7n th\u1ebf anh ch\u01b0a h\u1ec1 g\u1eb7p m\u1eb7t. K\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i chuy\u1ec7n n\u1ea7y v\u1edbi hy v\u1ecdng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp nh\u1ea1c L\u01b0u H\u1eefu Ph\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ed5 sung v\u00e0o to\u00e0n t\u1eadp nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a anh th\u00eam m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i nh\u1ea1c m\u00e0 theo t\u00f4i l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t hay. Paris, Hu\u1ebf, 1996.","Ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ch\u00e1u n\u1ed9i vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng? Trong b\u00e0i b\u00e1o \u201cG\u1eb7p Th\u1ea7y V\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u1ed3ng S\u1ec3n l\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i\u201d, t\u00f4i c\u00f3 thu\u1eadt l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 chi ti\u1ebft l\u1ecbch s\u1eed m\u00e0 Th\u1ea7y V\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p cho t\u00f4i, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 chi ti\u1ebft n\u00f3i r\u00f5 khi v\u00f4 (v\u00e0o) Nam vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i \u0111\u00e3 \u201cc\u1eb7p b\u1ed3\u201d v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t b\u00e0 b\u1ea7u g\u00e1nh (b\u00e0 n\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a n\u1eef k\u1ecbch s\u0129 Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng sau n\u1ea7y) v\u00e0 b\u00e0 b\u1ea7u g\u00e1nh \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 v\u1edbi vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi con trai. Sau khi b\u00e0i b\u00e1o ra \u0111\u1eddi nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi th\u01b0 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i h\u1ecfi t\u00f4i: \u201cNh\u01b0 th\u1ebf ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ch\u00e1u n\u1ed9i Vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng?\u201d ph\u1ea3i hay kh\u00f4ng xin m\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfp b\u00e0i n\u1ea7y. T\u00f4i c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ee9a tu\u1ed5i v\u1edbi ch\u1ecb Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u00e0 t\u1eeb l\u00fac nh\u1ecf, t\u00f4i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 m\u00ea t\u00e0i di\u1ec5n k\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a ch\u1ecb. Kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edd, trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m t\u00f4i \u0111i kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn (1966-1975), anh Tr\u1ea7n Tr\u1ecdng Th\u1ee9c - m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 tranh \u0111\u1ea5u c\u0169 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u1edf Hu\u1ebf, \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng. Nh\u1edd th\u1ebf, sau n\u0103m 1975 t\u00f4i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ecbp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eb7p c\u00f4 d\u00e2u Hu\u1ebf n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng n\u1ea7y. V\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 1984, trong bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Ban li\u00ean l\u1ea1c \u0110\u1ed3ng h\u01b0\u01a1ng Hu\u1ebf t\u1ea1i 214 Phan \u0110\u0103ng L\u01b0u, Ph\u00fa Nhu\u1eadn, Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, t\u00f4i g\u1eb7p anh Tr\u1ea7n v\u00e0 ch\u1ecb Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng. Khi gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u b\u00e0 con \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u01b0\u01a1ng Hu\u1ebf, ban t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c g\u1ecdi ch\u1ecb Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 c\u00f4 d\u00e2u x\u1ee9 Hu\u1ebf. Ch\u1ecb Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng nghe th\u1ebf t\u1ee7m t\u1ec9m c\u01b0\u1eddi. \u0110\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u \u00fd ki\u1ebfn, ch\u1ecb n\u00f3i: - Ban t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u1eeba r\u1ed3i n\u00f3i t\u00f4i l\u00e0 c\u00f4 d\u00e2u x\u1ee9 Hu\u1ebf, \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng l\u00e0 c\u00f4 d\u00e2u x\u1ee9 Hu\u1ebf m\u00e0 t\u00f4i c\u00f2n sinh \u0111\u1ebb \u1edf Hu\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hu\u1ebf. H\u00f4m \u1ea5y, b\u00e0 con \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u01b0\u01a1ng Hu\u1ebf nghe ch\u1ecb n\u00f3i th\u1ebf c\u1ee9 t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ecb n\u00f3i cho vui ch\u1ee9 l\u00e0m sao m\u1ed9t c\u00f4 g\u00e1i Nam B\u1ed9 \u201cchay\u201d nh\u01b0 ch\u1ecb m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hu\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Sau n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi nhau, t\u00f4i h\u1ecfi anh Tr\u1ea7n: - B\u00e0 Kim (ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ecdi th\u00e2n m\u1eadt nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf) n\u00f3i b\u00e0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hu\u1ebf l\u00e0 sao anh? Anh Tr\u1ea7n - b\u1ea1n t\u00f4i c\u01b0\u1eddi c\u01b0\u1eddi - b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i: - C\u00f3 l\u1ebd c\u00f3 sao \u0111\u00f3 b\u00e0 m\u1edbi n\u00f3i th\u1ebf ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean b\u00e0 n\u00f3i th\u1ebf \u0111\u00e2u! C\u00f3 d\u1ecbp anh h\u1ecfi b\u1ea3 xem sao! Bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e2u b\u00e0 l\u00e0 con vua ch\u00e1u ch\u00faa c\u0169ng n\u00ean! Anh Tr\u1ea7n n\u00f3i \u00fap \u00fap m\u1edf m\u1edf nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf khi\u1ebfn cho c\u00e1i \u00f3c hay nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ecdc m\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i b\u1ecb k\u00edch th\u00edch qu\u00e1 ch\u1eebng. Nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m ch\u1ecb v\u00e0 h\u1ecfi th\u1eb3ng chuy\u1ec7n \u1ea5y nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u sao c\u1ee9 th\u1ea5y ng\u1ea1i ng\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m \u0111\u1ebfn. Sau \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0i n\u0103m, \u0111o\u00e0n Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng ra Hu\u1ebf di\u1ec5n c\u00e1c v\u1edf L\u00e1 S\u1ea7u Ri\u00eang, D\u01b0\u1edbi Hai M\u00e0u \u00c1o... Bu\u1ed5i di\u1ec5n n\u00e0o t\u00f4i c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m kh\u00e1ch m\u1eddi. M\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u ch\u1ecb Kim gh\u00e9 th\u0103m gia \u0111\u00ecnh t\u00f4i b\u00ean b\u1edd s\u00f4ng Th\u1ecd L\u1ed9c (\u0110\u1eadp \u0110\u00e1). Nh\u00e2n c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u0111ang vui t\u00f4i h\u1ecfi d\u00f2 ch\u1ecb: - Nghe n\u00f3i gia \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ecb ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi vua ch\u00faa \u1edf Hu\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng? Ch\u1ecb Kim cho bi\u1ebft: - C\u00f3! H\u1ed3i vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i b\u1ecb qu\u1ea3n th\u00fac \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam, nh\u00e0 vua hay g\u1ecdi g\u00e1nh h\u00e1t c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 n\u1ed9i t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfn bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n cho vua xem. Nh\u00e0 vua r\u1ea5t th\u00edch. B\u00e0 n\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban khen nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n. Tuy b\u1ecb qu\u1ea3n th\u00fac nh\u01b0ng nh\u00e0 vua v\u1eabn gi\u1eef c\u00e1i uy c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u00f4ng vua. Nh\u1eefng khi g\u1eb7p vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n b\u00e0 n\u1ed9i hay \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1edd nh\u00e0 vua gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft. C\u00f3 l\u1ea7n b\u00e0 n\u1ed9i x\u00e2y nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t, c\u00e1i l\u1ea7u nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean l\u00e0 y nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 ma qu\u1ec9 ganh gh\u00e9t gi\u1eadt xu\u1ed1ng. C\u00e1i l\u1ea7u nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t x\u00e2y \u0111i x\u00e2y l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. B\u00e0 n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ebfn k\u00eau kh\u00f3c v\u1edbi vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i. Nh\u00e0 vua \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn n\u01a1i xem x\u00e9t r\u1ed3i b\u1ea3o l\u00e0m l\u1ec5 c\u00fang \u0111\u1ea5t. Trong kh\u00f3i h\u01b0\u01a1ng nghi ng\u00fat, nh\u00e0 vua c\u1ea7m m\u1ed9t thanh g\u01b0\u01a1m d\u00e0i hu\u01a1 hu\u01a1 trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, mi\u1ec7ng b\u1ea3o v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi khu\u1ea5t m\u1eb7t r\u1eb1ng:","- Ta l\u00e0 Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf n\u01b0\u1edbc Nam, \u0111\u1ea5t n\u1ea7y ta \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i c\u1ee9 qu\u1ea5y ph\u00e1 ta s\u1ebd l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ebft. V\u00e0 r\u1ed3i th\u1eadt k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1, sau \u0111\u00f3 b\u00e0 n\u1ed9i t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t. B\u1edfi th\u1ebf g\u00e1nh h\u00e1t c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 n\u1ed9i t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec1u \u01a1n \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a vua. Nghe th\u1ebf t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ecfi: - \u201cNg\u00e0y x\u01b0a, c\u00e1c c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e0o h\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vua th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 con v\u1edbi vua. Nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e0o l\u1ea1i l\u1ea5y chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m vinh d\u1ef1. \u201cM\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y d\u1ef1a m\u1ea1n thuy\u1ec1n r\u1ed3ng, C\u00f2n h\u01a1n mu\u00f4n ki\u1ebfp n\u1eb1m trong thuy\u1ec1n ch\u00e0i\u201c (Ca dao). Kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 b\u00e0 n\u1ed9i ch\u1ecb Kim l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 ngo\u00e0i chuy\u1ec7n h\u00e1t, b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3 \u01a1n vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch g\u00ec?\u201d \u00dd ngh\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh l\u1eddi v\u00e0 ra \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i. R\u1ed3i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft sao t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 m\u00edm m\u00f4i l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 n\u00f3i qua chuy\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c: - Th\u1ebf v\u1ec1 Hu\u1ebf bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n c\u00f3 khi n\u00e0o ch\u1ecb l\u00ean l\u0103ng th\u1eafp h\u01b0\u01a1ng cho vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i ch\u01b0a? - Ch\u01b0a! - Ch\u1ecb Kim \u0111\u00e1p - Nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i m\u00e0 ch\u01b0a \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. - Th\u1ebf b\u00e2y gi\u1edd ch\u1ecb mu\u1ed1n \u0111i kh\u00f4ng? - N\u1ebfu anh cho t\u00f4i \u0111i th\u00ec qu\u00fd qu\u00e1! T\u00f4i l\u1ea5y chi\u1ebfc Honda c\u00e0 t\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i ch\u1edf ch\u1ecb Kim l\u00ean An L\u0103ng vi\u1ebfng khu m\u1ed9 ba vua D\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ee9c, Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i, Duy T\u00e2n. R\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfc h\u00f4m \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1eef l\u0103ng l\u00e0 \u00f4ng B\u1ea3o Hi\u1ec1n - ch\u00e1u n\u1ed9i vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i, \u0111i v\u1eafng. T\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0a ch\u1ecb Kim \u0111i th\u1eafp h\u01b0\u01a1ng cho t\u1eebng l\u0103ng. \u0110\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u0103ng m\u1ed9 vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i, ch\u1ecb Kim kh\u1ea5n v\u00e1i r\u1ea5t l\u00e2u. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft ch\u1ecb kh\u1ea5n g\u00ec, nh\u01b0ng tho\u00e1ng th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i ch\u1edbp m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a ch\u1ecb, t\u00f4i ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra m\u00ed m\u1eaft tr\u00ean b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ebft m\u1edd l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n con m\u1eaft b\u00ean tr\u00e1i. Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u1ea5y khi\u1ebfn cho t\u00f4i li\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed h\u1ed3i cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi vua T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c (1883). Con \u201cm\u1eaft c\u00f3 h\u01a1i t\u1eadt\u201d c\u1ee7a D\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ee9c (th\u00e2n sinh vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho vua T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng y\u00ean t\u00e2m khi vi\u1ebft Di chi\u1ebfu truy\u1ec1n ng\u00f4i l\u1ea1i cho con (nu\u00f4i) tr\u01b0\u1edfng D\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ee9c. V\u00e0 sau n\u1ea7y c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n th\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng y\u00ean t\u00e2m \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 tru\u1ea5t ph\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u1ed1ng ng\u1ee5c D\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ee9c, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 suy tho\u00e1i c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n. Kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edd con m\u1eaft c\u00f3 h\u01a1i t\u1eadt c\u1ee7a vua D\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 di truy\u1ec1n cho ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn con ch\u00e1u c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng sau n\u1ea7y. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u1ec5 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y \u1edf con ch\u00e1u ba vua D\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ee9c, Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i, Duy T\u00e2n kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi con ch\u00e1u c\u00e1c vua, c\u00e1c ph\u1ee7 ph\u00f2ng kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed9c. M\u1eaft ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecb Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 h\u01a1i gi\u1ed1ng m\u1eaft ph\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a con ch\u00e1u ba vua D\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ee9c, Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i, Duy T\u00e2n. Th\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1. S\u1ef1 tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: ch\u00ednh ch\u1ecb Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 mang c\u00f9ng d\u00f2ng m\u00e1u di truy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb vua D\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ee9c. Ch\u1ecb Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hu\u1ebf nh\u01b0 ch\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i trong bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u0103m 1984. B\u00e0 n\u1ed9i ch\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i \u201cc\u1eb7p b\u1ed3\u201d \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y V\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u1ed3ng S\u1ec3n cung c\u1ea5p. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u1ecb c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ch\u00e1u n\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i hay kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 b\u00e0 n\u1ed9i v\u00e0 th\u00e2n sinh c\u1ee7a ch\u1ecb bi\u1ebft. Kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 c\u00e1c b\u1eadc kh\u1ea3 k\u00ednh \u1ea5y tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi v\u0129nh bi\u1ec7t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u00e2m s\u1ef1 g\u00ec v\u1edbi ch\u1ecb Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u00ed m\u1eadt \u1ea5y hay kh\u00f4ng t\u00f4i ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp h\u1ecfi k\u1ef9 ch\u1ecb Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng. T\u00f4i t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3. C\u00f2n c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c xin nh\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ea1i cho ch\u1ecb Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng. N\u1ebfu vi\u1ebft h\u1ed3i k\u00fd, xin ch\u1ecb Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0u \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m n\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ebfn m\u1ed9 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a ch\u1ecb. C\u00e1m \u01a1n.","(ti\u1ebfp theo)? S\u1ed1 t\u1ea5t ni\u00ean Lao \u0110\u1ed9ng n\u0103m 1996, t\u00f4i c\u00f3 b\u00e0i \u201cN\u1eef ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ch\u00e1u n\u1ed9i vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng?\u201d. Su\u1ed1t m\u1ed9t n\u0103m qua (1997) nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc (trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed9c) g\u1edfi th\u01b0, \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i h\u1ecfi T\u00f4i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u00f3 ch\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng? T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i c\u00e2u k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i b\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u0103ng l\u00e0 \u201cXin nh\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi cho ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edd c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecfi ch\u1ecb Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ecb \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e1p: \u201cT\u00f4i s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi cho nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u1eafc Xu\u00e2n v\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd...\u201d v\u00ec th\u1ebf cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m nay T\u00f4i c\u00f3 b\u00e0i h\u1ed3i \u00e2m n\u1ea7y.","H\u00ecnh 20. Di \u1ea3nh vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i (1877-1954). \u1ea2nh t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a B\u1ea3o Hi\u1ec1n. Vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i r\u1ea5t th\u00edch h\u00e1t b\u1ed9i v\u00e0 \u00f4ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1nh tr\u1ed1ng ch\u1ea7u n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng. Nh\u01b0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed cho bi\u1ebft, n\u0103m 1907 \u00f4ng b\u1ecb th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed1n v\u1ecb (abdiqu\u00e9) v\u00ec h\u1ecd nghi \u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p. \u00d4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00f4i cho con trai l\u00e0 V\u0129nh San (t\u1ee9c vua Duy T\u00e2n). Sau \u0111\u00f3 nh\u00e0 vua b\u1ecb Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e0y v\u00e0o C\u1ea5p Saint- Jacque (V\u0169ng T\u00e0u) thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p. C\u1ee5 V\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u1ed3ng S\u1ec3n cho bi\u1ebft \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng nh\u00e0 vua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n ch\u01a1i. Tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c, ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 Nam B\u1ed9 (trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 b\u00e0 S\u01b0\u01a1ng Nguy\u1ec7t Anh, con c\u1ee5 \u0110\u1ed3 Chi\u1ec3u) v\u1ed1n n\u1eb7ng t\u00ecnh v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00f9 giam l\u1ecfng Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i r\u1ea5t cung k\u00ednh. Ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n B\u1ea3y Nam - th\u00e2n m\u1eabu ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng, trong H\u1ed3i k\u00fd Tr\u00f4i Theo D\u00f2ng \u0110\u1eddi cho bi\u1ebft v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng sau n\u0103m 1910, vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i l\u00ean S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, c\u1ee5 b\u00e0 L\u01b0u Th\u1ecb Ngo\u1ea1n - b\u1ea7u g\u00e1nh h\u00e1t b\u1ed9i Ph\u01b0\u1edbc X\u01b0\u01a1ng, g\u1eb7p vua v\u00e0 c\u1ee5 b\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u01b0\u1edbc vua","v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 ch\u01a1i, coi h\u00e1t, \u0111\u00e3i \u0111\u1eb1ng, m\u00f3n ngon v\u1eadt l\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111em cho ng\u00e0i ng\u1ef1. Nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 l\u1ea7n t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt, c\u1ee5 V\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u1ed3ng S\u1ec3n cho bi\u1ebft vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i \u0111\u00e3 c\u1eb7p b\u1ed3 v\u1edbi b\u00e0 b\u1ea7u g\u00e1nh L\u01b0u Th\u1ecb Ngo\u1ea1n, b\u00e0 Ngo\u1ea1n sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi con trai. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n Ng\u1ecdc C\u01b0\u01a1ng (sinh n\u0103m 1913). N\u0103m \u00f4ng C\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1edbi l\u00ean 3 tu\u1ed5i (1916) vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i c\u00f9ng con trai (vua Duy T\u00e2n) b\u1ecb Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e0y sang \u0111\u1ea3o R\u00e9union. Sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ee5 b\u00e0 L\u01b0u Th\u1ecb Ngo\u1ea1n qua \u0111\u1eddi (tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng ra \u0111\u1eddi). \u00d4ng C\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1edbn l\u00ean c\u0169ng theo nghi\u1ec7p s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u. V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1936 \u00f4ng l\u1eadp gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u1edbi b\u00e0 L\u00ea Th\u1ecb Nam (t\u1ee9c B\u1ea3y Nam) b\u1ea7u g\u00e1nh h\u00e1t \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u01b0\u1edbc C\u01b0\u01a1ng. V\u00e0o sinh nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed B\u1ea3o Long (th\u00e1ng 1\/1936), b\u00e0 B\u1ea3y Nam sinh Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng (th\u00e1ng 1\/1937) t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 B\u1ea3o sanh b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u1eeda Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng T\u1ee9 thu\u1ed9c ph\u01b0\u1eddng Ph\u00fa H\u00f2a, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Hu\u1ebf. N\u0103m 1946, trong l\u00fac theo v\u1ee3 con \u0111i h\u00e1t, \u00f4ng Ng\u1ecdc C\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng ngo\u1ea1i \u00f4 Phan Thi\u1ebft. N\u0103m 1947, vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p cho v\u1ec1 l\u1ea1i C\u1ea5p Saint-Jacque. L\u00fac n\u1ea7y ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecnh ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 L\u01b0u Th\u1ecb Ngo\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t t\u1eeb l\u00e2u v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi con r\u01a1i Ng\u1ecdc C\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u0169ng v\u1eeba t\u1eeb tr\u1ea7n h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. B\u00e0 B\u1ea3y Nam k\u1ec3: \u201cN\u0103m 1947, g\u00e1nh h\u00e1t c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111ang h\u00e1t \u1edf V\u0169ng T\u00e0u. M\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i tr\u01b0a \u0111ang ng\u1ee7, t\u00f4i nghe c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng tr\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed5 d\u1ed3n, t\u00f4i h\u1ed1t ho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady k\u00eau h\u1ecfi: - M\u1edbi ch\u1eebng n\u1ea7y sao l\u0103n tr\u1ed1ng h\u00e1t, m\u00e0 sao l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1nh lo\u1ea1n x\u1ea1 nh\u01b0 ch\u1eefa ch\u00e1y k\u1ef3 c\u1ee5c v\u1eady? M\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ee9a nh\u1ecf trong \u0111o\u00e0n h\u00e1t ch\u1ea1y ra coi r\u1ed3i ch\u1ea1y v\u00f4: - Tr\u1eddi \u01a1i! C\u00f4 \u01a1i! Vua! Vua! T\u00f4i h\u1ecfi: - Vua n\u00e0o v\u1eady? T\u1ee5i nh\u1ecf b\u1ea3o: - Vua \u0111\u00e1nh tr\u1ed1ng! T\u00f4i ch\u1ea1y \u0111i h\u1ecfi \u00f4ng c\u00f2m-mi(26) \u0110\u1ec5 l\u00e0 kh\u00e1n gi\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. \u00d4ng c\u00f2m-mi cho bi\u1ebft: - \u0110\u00fang r\u1ed3i! Vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i \u0111\u00f3. \u00d4ng c\u00f2m-mi c\u00f2n cho bi\u1ebft vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 vua y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc, b\u1ecb Ph\u00e1p b\u1eaft \u0111i \u0111\u00e0y. M\u1ea5y ch\u1ee5c n\u0103m b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e0y, b\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u00f4ng y\u1ebfu l\u1eafm n\u00ean m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e2n x\u00e1 v\u1ec1 c\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u0111ang \u1edf t\u1ea1m trong nh\u00e0 \u00f4ng c\u00f2m- mi. T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 c\u00f3 l\u1ebd Ng\u00e0i mu\u1ed1n g\u1eb7p ch\u00fang t\u00f4i n\u00ean chi\u1ec1u l\u1ea1i, t\u00f4i b\u00e8n d\u1eaft ba \u0111\u1ee9a con l\u00e0 Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng, Kim Quang v\u00e0 Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ebfn xin ra m\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00e0o l\u1ea1y vua.","H\u00ecnh 21. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe l\u00e3o ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 B\u1ea3y Nam k\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec7n x\u01b0a. \u1ea2nh N\u0110X T\u00f4i th\u01b0a v\u1edbi Ng\u00e0i r\u1eb1ng: - C\u00e1c con t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u00e1u n\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 L\u01b0u Th\u1ecb Ngo\u1ea1n... Nghe t\u00f4i th\u01b0a Ng\u00e0i r\u1ea5t vui v\u1ebb, v\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ee5i nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 n\u00f3i r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i nghe ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfng m\u1ea5t v\u00ec Ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i gi\u1ecdng Hu\u1ebf r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 nghe. Sau n\u1ea7y \u00f4ng c\u00f2m-mi \u0110\u1ec5 c\u00f3 trao cho t\u00f4i m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 b\u00fat t\u00edch c\u1ee7a vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i. V\u00ec h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u1ee7a To\u00e0 h\u00e0nh ch\u00e1nh l\u00e2u ng\u00e0y \u0111em ra thi\u00eau h\u1ee7y, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i h\u1ed3i \u00f4ng c\u00f2n ch\u1edd gi\u1ea3i \u0111i \u0111\u00e0y. Nh\u00e0 vua xin cho m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee5p h\u00ecnh t\u1edbi ch\u1ee5p \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m. Ch\u1eef \u00f4ng vi\u1ebft sai v\u0103n ph\u1ea1m r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, ch\u1eef ng\u00e3 nghi\u00eang ng\u00e3 ng\u1eeda nh\u01b0ng m\u00e0 t\u00f4i coi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. T\u00f4i gi\u1eef b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 \u0111\u00f3, sau v\u1ec1 S\u00e0i G\u00f2n t\u00f4i c\u00f3 \u0111em cho \u00f4ng lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 V\u01b0\u01a1ng Quang Nh\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 r\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ee3 \u00f4ng Nh\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 b\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ch\u00faa L\u01b0\u01a1ng Nh\u00e0n (C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa th\u1ee9 16) v\u1eeba qua \u0111\u1eddi. \u00d4ng Nh\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i: - Tr\u1eddi \u01a1i, n\u1ebfu th\u01b0 n\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1edbm m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat, c\u00f2n nh\u00e0 t\u00f4i ch\u1eafc nh\u00e0 t\u00f4i m\u1eebng l\u1eafm, v\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u00fat t\u00edch c\u1ee7a vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i - cha v\u1ee3 t\u00f4i (h\u1ebft ph\u1ea7n tr\u00edch d\u1eabn)! C\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y (1997) kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u, g\u1eb7p t\u00f4i, ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean h\u1ecfi: - N\u1ea7y sao anh bi\u1ebft l\u00e2u nay t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u00ean n\u1ed9i? T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp h\u1ecfi chuy\u1ec7n ch\u1ecb n\u00ean ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u201cb\u00ed m\u1eadt\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra. V\u00ec th\u1ebf t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ec7n khai b\u00e1o \u201cngu\u1ed3n\u201d n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 cho t\u00f4i th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00f3. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e1p b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: - Xin ch\u1ecb mi\u1ec5n l\u1ed7i, c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i tr\u00ean b\u00e0n th\u1edd t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean trong nh\u00e0 ch\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh b\u00e0 n\u1ed9i, c\u1ee5 th\u00e2n sinh ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh \u00f4ng n\u1ed9i? - \u0110\u00fang nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf!","- C\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec \u00f4ng n\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n di \u1ea3nh, hay v\u00ec qu\u1ed1c s\u1ef1 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m treo, hay v\u00ec gia \u0111\u00ecnh m\u1ea5t li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi b\u00ean n\u1ed9i? - Tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m, c\u00f2n b\u00e2y gi\u1edd th\u00ec t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 c\u00f3 l\u1ebd v\u00ec l\u00fd do th\u1ee9 hai v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 ba. - N\u0103m ngo\u00e1i trong m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i b\u00e1o t\u00f4i c\u00f3 n\u00f3i tr\u00ean m\u00ed m\u1eaft b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a ch\u1ecb c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u201cv\u1ebft m\u1edd\u201d gi\u1ed1ng con ch\u00e1u c\u1ee7a vua D\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ee9c, Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i ch\u1ecb th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 \u0111\u00fang kh\u00f4ng? - V\u00ec b\u00e0i b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a anh m\u00e0 b\u00e0 con \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 \u1edf Hu\u1ebf v\u00f4 t\u00ecm th\u0103m t\u00f4i. Anh ch\u1ecb em ng\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau th\u1ea5y m\u1eaft ph\u1ea3i ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 h\u01a1i t\u1eadt m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf! L\u1ea1 qu\u00e1! - Th\u1ebf sao ch\u1ecb ch\u01b0a khai t\u00ean h\u1ecd C\u00f4ng T\u00f4n n\u1eef Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng cho r\u1ed3i! - Th\u00f4i anh, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta cho m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 \u201cth\u1ea5y sang b\u1eaft qu\u00e0ng l\u00e0m h\u1ecd\u201d. N\u1ebfu m\u1ea5y anh kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh \u201ct\u00ecm tr\u1ebb l\u1ea1c\u201d, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 chuy\u1ec7n n\u1ea7y. Chuy\u1ec7n ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00f3i l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng 11 v\u1eeba r\u1ed3i (1997), ch\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ec1 th\u0103m qu\u00ea n\u1ed9i, g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 b\u00e0 con v\u00e0 b\u00e1i t\u1ea1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e0n th\u1edd vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i. H\u00ecnh 22. Ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u00ean di \u1ea3nh vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i th\u1edd t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n Long \u00c2n, P. An C\u1ef1u, TP. Hu\u1ebf. \u1ea2nh N\u0110X. \u00d4ng B\u1ea3o Hi\u1ec1n - ch\u00e1u n\u1ed9i vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang coi s\u00f3c khu l\u0103ng m\u1ed9 ba vua D\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ee9c, Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i, Duy T\u00e2n \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp ch\u1ecb v\u00e0 t\u1eb7ng ch\u1ecb m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m \u1ea3nh vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i. M\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y g\u1eb7p ch\u1ecb \u1edf TP. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, ch\u1ecb vui m\u1eebng b\u00e1o cho t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft tr\u00ean b\u00e0n th\u1edd t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng n\u1ed9i, b\u00e0 n\u1ed9i v\u00e0 c\u1ee5 th\u00e2n sinh. Tr\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh, c\u1ee5 th\u00e2n sinh c\u1ee7a ch\u1ecb r\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng b\u1ed1. Nghe th\u1ebf t\u00f4i bu\u1ed9c mi\u1ec7ng n\u00f3i:","- T\u00e0i n\u0103ng k\u1ecbch ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ecb l\u00e0 k\u1ebft t\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a ba d\u00f2ng m\u00e1u say m\u00ea s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u (\u00f4ng n\u1ed9i, b\u00e0 n\u1ed9i v\u00e0 m\u1eb9). Bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecb mang d\u00f2ng m\u00e1u c\u1ee7a Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i, Duy T\u00e2n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf t\u00f4i m\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch b\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ecb \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. Ch\u00fac m\u1eebng ch\u1ecb, ch\u00fac m\u1eebng Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed9c m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n n\u1ea7y (1997) c\u00f3 th\u00eam m\u1ed9t c\u00f4 C\u00f4ng T\u00f4n n\u1eef. Hu\u1ebf, 4\/12\/1997","Ph\u1ea7n II. B\u00fat k\u00fd Gi\u1ebfng Ng\u1ef1 \u1edf h\u00f2n \u0110\u1ea3o Ng\u1ecdc \u0110\u1ea3o Ng\u1ecdc l\u00e0 m\u1ef9 danh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3o Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c - h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t Vi\u1ec7t Nam, thu\u1ed9c huy\u1ec7n Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c, t\u1ec9nh Ki\u00ean Giang, n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n ph\u00eda t\u00e2y nam \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long. \u0110\u1ea3o Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 n\u01a1i ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1o Cao \u0110\u00e0i, c\u00f3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u N\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eafm Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng, n\u1ed5i danh v\u1edbi Nh\u00e0 lao C\u00e2y D\u1eeba tr\u01b0\u1edbc 30\/4\/1975, c\u00f3 b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n C\u1ed9i Ngu\u1ed3n, Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n trong xanh, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 B\u00e3i D\u00e0i \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u trong danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c B\u00e3i bi\u1ec3n ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n (hidden beaches) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e3ng tin ABC News b\u00ecnh ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u trong s\u1ed1 5 b\u00e3i bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1eb9p v\u00e0 s\u1ea1ch. B\u00e3i bi\u1ec3n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 \u201ctuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi\u201d nh\u1ea5t trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 10 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 3 h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m. \u0110\u1ee9ng sau B\u00e3i D\u00e0i c\u1ee7a Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c trong danh s\u00e1ch tr\u00ean l\u00e0 b\u00e3i Wildcat Beach \u1edf California, M\u1ef9, Pink Beach \u1edf Barbuda, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea3o c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e3i c\u00e1t r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb9p thu\u1ed9c \u0110\u1ea1i T\u00e2y D\u01b0\u01a1ng, Cayo Costa State Park ph\u00eda Nam Florida v\u00e0 Majahuitas Cove c\u1ee7a Mexico (Theo Tu\u1ed5i Tr\u1ebb, Th\u1ee9 B\u1ea3y, 01\/03\/2008). \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tri\u1ec1u Nguy\u1ec5n, \u0111\u1ea3o Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f2n \u1ea9n ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ea5u t\u00edch l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m r\u00f5 trong 24 n\u0103m \u201ct\u1ea9u qu\u1ed1c\u201d c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh (sau n\u00e0y l\u00e0 vua Gia Long) \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam. \u0110\u1ebfn du l\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ea3o Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c ng\u00e0y nay, kh\u00e1ch tham quan kh\u1edfi h\u00e0nh t\u1eeb trung t\u00e2m x\u00e3 An Th\u1edbi \u1edf c\u1ef1c nam \u0111\u1ea3o Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c, \u0111i kho\u1ea3ng 2 km \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1eebng ven bi\u1ec3n th\u1ea5y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc xanh trong v\u1eaft, b\u00e3i c\u00e1t tr\u1eafng phau, b\u00ean gh\u1ec1nh \u0111\u00e1 cheo leo c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e1 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1i gh\u1ebf t\u1ef1a m\u00e0u h\u1ed3ng quay l\u01b0ng v\u1edbi bi\u1ec3n. D\u00e2n ch\u00e0i \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng truy\u1ec1n t\u1ee5ng r\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n T\u00e2y S\u01a1n truy k\u00edch ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecf \u0111\u1ea5t H\u00e0 Ti\u00ean ch\u1ea1y ra \u0111\u1ea3o Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u00f4ng t\u1eebng d\u1eebng ch\u00e2n \u1edf v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n n\u00e0y. Chuy\u1ec7n k\u1ec3, sau nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0y l\u00eanh \u0111\u00eanh tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n c\u1ea3, qu\u00e2n t\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ebft. Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh c\u1ea7m g\u01b0\u01a1m ng\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e1i Tr\u1eddi kh\u1ea5n nguy\u1ec7n xin n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed3i d\u1eadm ch\u00e2n c\u1eafm m\u0169i ki\u1ebfm xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t. L\u1ea1 thay, m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t v\u1ecdt l\u00ean. Qu\u00e2n t\u01b0\u1edbng th\u00e8 l\u01b0\u1ee1i n\u1ebfm th\u1eed th\u00ec l\u1ea1 thay \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt. Qu\u00e2n t\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c m\u1eebng r\u1ee1 n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp nhau v\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng, v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1n \u0111e d\u1ecda ch\u1ebft kh\u00e1t. Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh ngh\u0129 m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ebf v\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Tr\u1eddi gi\u00fap cho d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt. Ni\u1ec1m tin \u201cph\u1ee5c qu\u1ed1c trong \u00f4ng c\u00e0ng v\u1eefng m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n\u201d. \u00d4ng ng\u1ed3i ngh\u1ec9 ch\u00e2n tr\u00ean vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e1 m\u00e0 d\u00e2n ch\u00e0i tin \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i ngai m\u00e0u h\u1ed3ng. Tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ea5y tr\u0103m n\u0103m, d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u00e2n Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i gi\u1ebfng n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt hi\u1ebfm hoi gi\u1eefa v\u00f9ng r\u1eebng bi\u1ec3n m\u00eanh m\u00f4ng. C\u00e1i gi\u1ebfng do m\u0169i ki\u1ebfm c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh (sau n\u00e0y l\u00e0 vua Gia Long) khai m\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e2n ch\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 Gi\u1ebfng Ng\u1ef1. Nh\u1edb \u01a1n Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh, b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh Gi\u1ebfng Ng\u1ef1 d\u00e2n ch\u00e0i d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1n nh\u1ecf th\u1edd \u201cMinh V\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d.","H\u00ecnh 23. \u201cGi\u1ebfng Ng\u1ef1\u201d \u1edf h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u1ecdc. \u1ea2nh N\u0110X. D\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch du l\u1ecbch ngh\u0129 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc thi\u00eang n\u00ean m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n \u0111i qua \u0111\u00e2y h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng qu\u00ean v\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 tranh th\u1ee7 l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i chai v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 u\u1ed1ng ti\u1ebfp. Nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 s\u01b0u t\u1ea7m c\u1ed5 v\u1eadt l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u0103n h\u00f3a Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c, ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n C\u1ed9i Ngu\u1ed3n \u1edf Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c r\u1ea5t tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n ch\u00e0i v\u1ec1 Gi\u1ebfng Ng\u1ef1. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Gi\u1ebfng Ng\u1ef1 ngay trong B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng C\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Thanh H\u00f9ng - t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 s\u00e1ch V\u0103n h\u00f3a d\u00e2n gian \u0111\u1ea3o Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c (NXB Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng, TP. HCM - 2008) l\u1ea1i cho r\u1eb1ng \u201ctruy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd l\u1eafm, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Gia Long\u201d, n\u00ean \u00f4ng v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng (tr.49). H\u00ecnh 24. D\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tin ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n V\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e1 n\u1ea7y. \u1ea2nh N\u0110X. Theo t\u00f4i, \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft th\u00ec \u00edt khi h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. Nh\u01b0ng truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft Gi\u1ebfng Ng\u1ef1 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ee3i cho t\u00f4i li\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e9p ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c trong s\u00e1ch \u0110\u1ea1i Nam Th\u1ef1c l\u1ee5c Ch\u00ednh bi\u00ean, \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t k\u1ef7, Quy\u1ec3n II - Th\u1ef1c l\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 Th\u1ebf t\u1ed5 Cao ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf (Gia Long), t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c tr. 6a v\u00e0 6b:","Qu\u00fd M\u00e3o n\u0103m th\u1ee9 4 (1783), th\u00e1ng 7, \u201cVua \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1eeda bi\u1ec3n Ma Li, d\u00f2 th\u0103m t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh h\u01b0 th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a gi\u1eb7c, g\u1eb7p h\u01a1n 20 thuy\u1ec1n gi\u1eb7c b\u1ed7ng \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e2y ch\u1eb7t. Thuy\u1ec1n vua k\u00e9o bu\u1ed3m, nh\u1eafm h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00f4ng m\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y, ch\u01a1i v\u01a1i ngo\u00e0i bi\u1ec3n su\u1ed1t b\u1ea3y ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam, trong thuy\u1ec1n qu\u00e2n s\u0129 \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00e1t. Vua lo l\u1eafm, ng\u1eeda m\u1eb7t l\u00ean tr\u1eddi kh\u1ea5n r\u1eb1ng: \u201cTa n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 ph\u1eadn l\u00e0m vua th\u00ec xin cho thuy\u1ec1n n\u00e0y d\u1ea1t v\u00e0o b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u l\u1ea5y m\u1ea1ng cho c\u1ea3 thuy\u1ec1n, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec ch\u00ecm \u0111\u1eafm gi\u1eefa bi\u1ec3n c\u0169ng cam l\u00f2ng\u201d. D\u1ee9t l\u1eddi th\u00ec gi\u00f3 y\u00ean s\u00f3ng l\u1eb7ng, tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u0169i thuy\u1ec1n nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111en tr\u1eafng hai d\u00f2ng, n\u01b0\u1edbc trong s\u1ee7i l\u00ean. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong thuy\u1ec1n n\u1ebfm th\u1eed th\u1ea5y ng\u1ecdt, k\u00eau l\u1edbn l\u00ean r\u1eb1ng \u201cN\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt! N\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt!\u201d. Do \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tranh nhau m\u00fac u\u1ed1ng, ai n\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ee1 kh\u00e1t. Vua m\u1eebng r\u1ee1, sai m\u00fac b\u1ed1n n\u0103m chum, r\u1ed3i n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n l\u1ea1i m\u1eb7n nh\u01b0 c\u0169. Gi\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e3 lui, thuy\u1ec1n vua l\u1ea1i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea3o Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c\u201d. (B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch, Vi\u1ec7n S\u1eed h\u1ecdc, \u0110NTL, t\u1eadp I, NXB Gi\u00e1o D\u1ee5c, 2002, tr.21). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u1eed ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u Nguy\u1ec5n. So v\u1edbi \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u1eed n\u00e0y, truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2n ch\u00e0i Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 Gi\u1ebfng Ng\u1ef1 c\u00f3 l\u00fd h\u01a1n. M\u1ed9t h\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e1 tr\u00ean h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 m\u1ea1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u h\u01a1n chuy\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa bi\u1ec3n kh\u01a1i c\u00f3 hai d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111en tr\u1eafng, m\u1eb7n ng\u1ecdt xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n r\u1ed3i bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t. H\u00ecnh 25. Qu\u1ed1c s\u1eed qu\u00e1n tri\u1ec1u Nguy\u1ec5n, \u0110\u1ea1i Nam Th\u1ef1c L\u1ee5c Ch\u00ednh Bi\u00ean q.II, Th\u1ef1c l\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 Th\u1ebf t\u1ed5 Cao Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf, t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c trang 6a v\u00e0 6b vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n g\u1ea7n Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c. T\u01b0 li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a N\u0110X. \u0110i\u1ec3m du l\u1ecbch Gi\u1ebfng Ng\u1ef1 \u1edf Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c m\u1edf ra cho t\u00f4i m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian l\u1ecbch s\u1eed bi h\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u201cGia Long t\u1ea9u qu\u1ed1c\u201d. Ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea3o Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f2n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea3o Th\u1ed5 Chu v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u1ecf g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i che ch\u1edf nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng cho Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh, cho gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u00f4ng v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh th\u00e2n m\u1eabu \u00f4ng. V\u00e0, c\u0169ng t\u1eeb tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o th\u00e2n thi\u1ebft n\u00e0y th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m \u201cph\u1ee5c qu\u1ed1c\u201d c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh, quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t d\u00f2ng h\u1ecd Nguy\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a Phong tr\u00e0o T\u00e2y S\u01a1n, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m mang t\u00ednh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh trong quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi Xi\u00eam v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p lang sa \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng kh\u1ed1c li\u1ec7t cho l\u1ecbch s\u1eed tri\u1ec1u Nguy\u1ec5n sau n\u00e0y.","H\u00ecnh 26. D\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u1ef1ng am th\u1edd vua Gia Long t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u01b0u ni\u1ec7m Gi\u1ebfng Ng\u1ef1. \u1ea2nh N\u0110X. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u tri\u1ec1u Nguy\u1ec5n v\u00e0 Hu\u1ebf x\u01b0a h\u01a1n.","h\u01b0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft, n\u0103m 1558 ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng v\u00e0o Thu\u1eadn H\u00f3a n\u01b0\u1edbc ta m\u1edbi xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ec9nh Ph\u00fa Y\u00ean. Sau 8 \u0111\u1eddi ch\u00faa n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh cu\u1ed9c Nam ti\u1ebfn xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn M\u0169i C\u00e0 Mau (1757) v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi ch\u00faa th\u1ee9 8 (ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac Kho\u00e1t\/Ho\u1ea1t). Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ee9 \u0110\u00e0ng Trong l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eddi ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n. V\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u00e0 \u00f4ng ch\u00faa th\u1ee9 9 (Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac Thu\u1ea7n) b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ch\u00faa Tr\u1ecbnh \u1edf x\u1ee9 \u0110\u00e0ng Ngo\u00e0i xua v\u00e0o Thu\u1eadn H\u00f3a v\u00e0 Phong tr\u00e0o T\u00e2y S\u01a1n n\u1ed5i d\u1eady \u1edf Quy Nh\u01a1n \u0111e d\u1ecda \u1edf ph\u00eda Nam, Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac Thu\u1ea7n y\u1ebfu th\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i r\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n b\u00ed m\u1eadt v\u00e0o mi\u1ec1n Nam, d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o d\u00e2n Nam h\u00f2ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c \u201cph\u1ee5c qu\u1ed1c\u201d. Nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 sau v\u00e0i n\u0103m, Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac Thu\u1ea7n c\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n t\u01b0\u1edbng th\u00e2n c\u1eadn c\u0169ng b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft, s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p 9 \u0111\u1eddi ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n c\u00e1o chung. May sao trong l\u00fac nguy nan \u1ea5y c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e1u l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n (Ph\u00fac) \u00c1nh ch\u1ea1y tho\u00e1t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n mi\u1ec1n Nam che ch\u1edf, bao b\u1ecdc, sau g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u01b0 th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 n\u1eb1m gai n\u1ebfm m\u1eadt Nguy\u1ec5n (Ph\u00fac) \u00c1nh (\u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1780 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n l\u00ean l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u01b0\u01a1ng) \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, l\u00ean ng\u00f4i Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf v\u1edbi ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u Gia Long - m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u cho tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i 13 \u0111\u1eddi vua Nguy\u1ec5n (1802 - 1945)(27). Th\u1eddi vua Minh M\u1ea1ng - ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ebf v\u1ecb vua Gia Long, t\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ea1i Nam v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh th\u1ecbnh tr\u1ecb. To\u00e0n v\u00f9ng Nam B\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia l\u00e0m 6 t\u1ec9nh l\u00e0 Bi\u00ean H\u00f2a, Gia \u0110\u1ecbnh, \u0110\u1ecbnh T\u01b0\u1eddng, V\u0129nh Long, An Giang v\u00e0 H\u00e0 Ti\u00ean. Theo s\u1eed s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa gi\u00e1o - c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 bu\u00f4n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y \u0111\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd cho bi\u1ebft h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i g\u1ea7n kh\u1eafp 6 t\u1ec9nh \u1ea5y, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng trong \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ra c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u01b0 Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c, Th\u1ed5 Chu, C\u1ed5 C\u1ed1t... Nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i Nguy\u1ec5n V\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng qua \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i trong l\u00f2ng d\u00e2n \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m qu\u00fd tr\u1ecdng th\u1eafm thi\u1ebft. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecba danh \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n gi\u1eef ch\u1eef Long trong ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u Gia Long \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ecf l\u00f2ng t\u00f4n k\u00ednh(28), nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i v\u1eabn c\u00f2n gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u t\u00edch li\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi Nguy\u1ec5n V\u01b0\u01a1ng \u201ct\u1ea9u qu\u1ed1c\u201d(29), nh\u01b0 \u1edf \u0110\u1ed3ng Th\u00e1p c\u00f3 C\u00e2y \u0111a B\u1ebfn Ng\u1ef1, \u0110\u1ecba danh B\u00e3i X\u00e0o, \u0111\u1ecba danh Ph\u1ee7 Y\u1ebft t\u1ea1i c\u1eeda s\u00f4ng M\u1ef9 Thanh, Ao Ng\u1ef1 \u1edf B\u1ea1c Li\u00eau, Gi\u00e1 (xe vua) Ng\u1ef1, Long \u1ea8n, Gi\u1ebfng Ng\u1ef1 \u1edf Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c(30)... Ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ec9nh An Giang, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh \u0111\u1ebfn An Giang \u1ea9n tr\u00e1nh qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i T\u00e2y S\u01a1n m\u00e0 \u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e2n An Giang ph\u00f2 tr\u1ee3 qu\u1eadt kh\u1edfi \u201cph\u1ee5c qu\u1ed1c\u201d v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng l\u00e0 v\u1ecb ch\u00faa \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ra l\u1ec7nh t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 ta th\u1ea5y qua cu\u1ed9c ki\u1ec3m tra n\u0103m 1779 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u00ean An Giang(31). Do \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n An Giang xem Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh sau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n v\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u01b0\u01a1ng Gia Long - nh\u01b0 v\u1ecb \u201ckhai s\u00e1ng\u201d ra qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng An Giang. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ru\u1ed9ng v\u01b0\u1eddn \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai tr\u00f9 ph\u00fa n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 nh\u1edd c\u00f4ng \u01a1n c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u01b0\u01a1ng\/Gia Long n\u00ean Nguy\u1ec5n V\u01b0\u01a1ng\/ Gia Long hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng t\u00e2m linh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi An Giang r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u1ea7y d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u201cNguy\u1ec5n (Ph\u00fac) \u00c1nh, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u01b0\u01a1ng - Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf Gia Long trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng t\u00e2m linh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n An Giang\u201d.","H.27. Nguy\u1ec5n (Ph\u00fac) \u00c1nh th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u201ct\u1ea9u qu\u1ed1c\u201d \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam v\u00e0 Th\u00e1i Lan. \u1ea2nh t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u1edf Th\u00e1i Lan do \u00f4ng T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Ho\u00e0ng cung c\u1ea5p. Cu\u1ed1n s\u1eed ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u Nguy\u1ec5n l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ea1i Nam Th\u1ef1c l\u1ee5c do Qu\u1ed1c s\u1eed qu\u00e1n tri\u1ec1u Nguy\u1ec5n bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n - \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng: \u201cN\u0103m Qu\u00fd T\u1ef5 (1773) gi\u1eb7c T\u00e2y S\u01a1n n\u1ed5i, m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng n\u0103m Gi\u00e1p Ng\u1ecd (1774) qu\u00e2n Tr\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ea5n\u201d, Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh l\u00fac \u1ea5y m\u1edbi 13 tu\u1ed5i \u201ctheo Du\u1ec7 T\u00f4ng (t\u1ee9c Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac Thu\u1ea7n) v\u00e0o Qu\u1ea3ng Nam. M\u00f9a xu\u00e2n n\u0103m \u1ea4t M\u00f9i (1775) v\u00e0o Gia \u0110\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao ch\u1ee9c Ch\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ee9 coi qu\u00e2n T\u1ea3 d\u1ef1c\u201d. Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh theo ph\u00f2 Du\u1ec7 t\u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac Thu\u1ea7n \u201ckh\u00f4ng l\u00fac n\u00e0o r\u1eddi\u201d. M\u00f9a xu\u00e2n n\u0103m \u0110inh D\u1eadu (1777), qu\u00e2n T\u00e2y S\u01a1n v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1nh Gia \u0110\u1ecbnh, Du\u1ec7 t\u00f4ng \u0111i \u0110\u0103ng Giang (s\u00f4ng Chanh), Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh \u201c\u0111em qu\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4ng S\u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ee9ng vi\u1ec7n\u201d, \u0111\u00f3n Du\u1ec7 t\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1 (t\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea1o Tr\u1ea5n Giang thu\u1ed9c An Giang) r\u1ed3i Long Xuy\u00ean. \u0110\u1ebfn m\u00f9a thu th\u00e1ng 9 (n\u0103m 1777), \u0111o\u00e0n t\u00f9y t\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Du\u1ec7 t\u00f4ng b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n T\u00e2y S\u01a1n v\u00e2y b\u1eaft, gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft. Duy ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh tho\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ea9n tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n \u0111ang \u0111\u1eadu \u1edf s\u00f4ng Khoa (thu\u1ed9c Long Xuy\u00ean). Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00eam t\u1ed1i cho thuy\u1ec1n ch\u00e8o \u0111i l\u00e1nh n\u1ea1n, \u201cb\u1ed7ng c\u00f3 con c\u00e1 s\u1ea5u c\u1ea3n ngang m\u0169i thuy\u1ec1n ba l\u1ea7n, b\u00e8n th\u00f4i. S\u00e1ng mai d\u00f2 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00eam \u1ea5y c\u00f3 thuy\u1ec1n gi\u1eb7c \u1edf ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Vua (Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh) b\u00e8n d\u1eddi sang \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf \u0111\u1ea3o Th\u1ed5 Chu(32)\u201d. Ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh l\u00fac \u1ea5y ng\u00e0n c\u00e2n treo s\u1ee3i t\u00f3c. Nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Th\u1eeba sai Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa gi\u00e1o c\u00f2n ghi l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng bi \u0111\u00e1t c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh trong th\u1eddi gian \u1ea5y. Th\u1ebf m\u00e0,","th\u1eadt b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd, Th\u1ef1c L\u1ee5c ghi ti\u1ebfp: \u201c\u2026 \u0110\u1ebfn khi Nguy\u1ec5n L\u1eef v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7 v\u1ec1 Qui Nh\u01a1n, Nguy\u1ec5n (Ph\u00fac) \u00c1nh l\u1ea1i t\u1ee5 t\u1eadp nh\u1eefng t\u00f4i t\u1edb c\u0169 kh\u1edfi binh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5t Long Xuy\u00ean, ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn Sa \u0110\u00e9c v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi quan Ch\u01b0\u1edfng dinh l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed7 Th\u00e0nh Nh\u00e2n, quan cai \u0111\u1ed9i L\u00ea V\u0103n C\u1ea7u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Ho\u1eb1ng, T\u1ed1ng Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Khu\u00f4ng, T\u1ed1ng Ph\u01b0\u1edbc L\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed5i t\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ed1c Chu, l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh S\u00e0i G\u00f2n. B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd Nguy\u1ec5n (Ph\u00fac) \u00c1nh m\u1edbi 17 tu\u1ed5i, c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ec1u t\u00f4n l\u00e0m \u0110\u1ea1i Nguy\u00ean S\u00fay, Nhi\u1ebfp Qu\u1ed1c Ch\u00ednh(33)\u201d. Khi Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh kh\u1edfi binh \u1edf Long Xuy\u00ean, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf An Giang h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Nh\u00e2n\/Nh\u01a1n \u1edf V\u0129nh Y\u00ean t\u1ec9nh An Giang, \u1ee9ng m\u1ed9 l\u00e0m ngh\u0129a binh \u1edf Sa \u0110\u00e9c(34). [Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Nh\u00e2n ph\u00f2 Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 cho \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi, tr\u1ea3i qua c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c L\u01b0u th\u1ee7 \u1edf Tr\u1ea5n Dinh (Bi\u00ean H\u00f2a), chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 Gia \u0110\u1ecbnh gi\u1eef B\u1ed9 H\u1ed9 lo vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c. \u0110\u1ea7u tri\u1ec1u Nguy\u1ec5n, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vua Gia Long tin d\u00f9ng. N\u0103m M\u1eadu Th\u00ecn (1808), \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed gi\u1eef ch\u1ee9c T\u1ed5ng tr\u1ea5n Gia \u0110\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, ki\u00eam gi\u1eef lu\u00f4n hai tr\u1ea5n B\u00ecnh Thu\u1eadn v\u00e0 H\u00e0 Ti\u00ean. \u00d4ng gi\u1eef c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c \u1ea5y cho \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1821, vua Minh M\u1ea1ng g\u1ecdi \u00f4ng v\u1ec1 Kinh sung ch\u1ee9c T\u1ed5ng t\u00e0i Qu\u1ed1c s\u1eed qu\u00e1n. \u1ede Kinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t n\u0103m th\u00ec \u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1eddi, th\u1ecd 69 tu\u1ed5i. \u00d4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy t\u1eb7ng Tr\u00e1ng V\u00f5 T\u01b0\u1edbng Qu\u00e2n, \u0110\u00f4 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee7 Ch\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u1ee7 s\u1ef1, t\u01b0\u1edbc Kinh M\u00f4n Qu\u1eadn C\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ee9 th\u1ee5y l\u00e0 M\u1ee5c Hi\u1ebfn(35)]. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u01b0\u01a1ng ghi ti\u1ebfp nhi\u1ec1u chi\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng \u1edf An Giang: \u201cTh\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m \u0110inh V\u1ecb (1787) qu\u00e2n Nguy\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e1nh v\u00e0o Long Xuy\u00ean c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3\u2026 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u01b0\u01a1ng chi\u1ebfm Sa \u0110\u00e9c, V\u0129nh Long r\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n \u1edf M\u1ef9 Tho d\u00f9ng n\u01a1i n\u1ea7y l\u00e0m c\u0103n c\u1ee9\u201d. H\u01a1n m\u1ed9t n\u0103m sau, v\u00e0o \u201cNg\u00e0y 7\/9\/1788 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Gia \u0110\u1ecbnh, \u0111u\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0\u1edbng Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n Tham \u0111ang quy\u1ebft gi\u1eef th\u00e0nh n\u1ea7y. T\u1eeb gi\u1edd n\u1ea7y v\u1ec1 sau th\u00e0nh Gia \u0110\u1ecbnh n\u1eb1m m\u00e3i m\u00e3i trong tay h\u1ecd Nguy\u1ec5n(36)\u201d.","H\u00ecnh 28. Trang \u0111\u1ea7u\/20 trang Quy\u1ec3n 7 s\u00e1ch \u0110\u1ea1i Nam Li\u1ec7t truy\u1ec7n S\u01a1 t\u1eadp Nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n d\u00e0nh vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Nh\u00e2n. T\u01b0 li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a N\u0110X. Ch\u00faa Ti\u00ean Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p 9 \u0111\u1eddi ch\u00faa \u1edf Thu\u1eadn H\u00f3a, Ph\u00fa Xu\u00e2n (1558) v\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac sau khi Du\u1ec7 t\u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac Thu\u1ea7n b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n T\u00e2y S\u01a1n gi\u1ebft tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t Long Xuy\u00ean (1777). V\u00e0 may sao ch\u00ednh trong gi\u1edd ph\u00fat nguy nan \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ea1y tho\u00e1t l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e2n Long Xuy\u00ean (Th\u1ee7 ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a t\u1ec9nh An Giang ng\u00e0y nay) qua h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e8o thuy\u1ec1n \u1edf s\u00f4ng Khoa (Long Xuy\u00ean), qua s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n ch\u00fang nh\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 qua c\u1ea3 b\u1ea7y c\u00e1 s\u1ea5u ph\u00f2 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ec3 sau th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u201ct\u1ea9u qu\u1ed1c\u201d Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u201cph\u1ee5c qu\u1ed1c\u201d l\u1eadp n\u00ean tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i M\u01b0\u1eddi ba \u0111\u1eddi vua Nguy\u1ec5n. Tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp \u201cl\u1ee5c t\u1ec9nh Nam B\u1ed9\u201d kh\u00f4ng n\u01a1i n\u00e0o c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u m\u1ed1c l\u1ecbch s\u1eed quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Nguy\u1ec5n V\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n nh\u01b0 An Giang. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, sau khi l\u00ean ng\u00f4i, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c n\u1ed9i tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i giao, v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 5, n\u0103m \u1ea4t S\u1eedu (1805) vua Gia Long: Sai h\u1ecfi th\u0103m ngh\u0129a d\u00e2n Long Xuy\u00ean, vua d\u1ee5 b\u1ea7y t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng: \u201cTr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc g\u1eb7p b\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, ta ph\u1ea3i l\u00e1nh ra Long Xuy\u00ean, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecf c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap qu\u00e2n, h\u0103m h\u1edf vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng, th\u00edch l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u ngh\u0129a, ta r\u1ea5t khen. V\u1eady h\u1ea1 l\u1ec7nh cho l\u01b0u tr\u1ea5n Gia \u0110\u1ecbnh h\u1ecfi kh\u1eafp nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e2u l\u00ean, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gia ban th\u01b0\u1edfng(37)\u201d.","Vua Gia Long nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn ngh\u0129a nh\u00e2n An Giang khi \u00f4ng gi\u00e1ng d\u1ee5 chia \u0111\u1ea5t Nam B\u1ed9 th\u00e0nh ng\u0169 tr\u1ea5n. \u0110\u1ecba danh An Giang ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi V\u0129nh Long n\u1eb1m trong V\u0129nh Tr\u1ea5n. H\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Th\u00e1i V\u0103n Ki\u1ec3m, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 b\u00e0i An Giang X\u01b0a v\u00e0 Nay in trong s\u00e1ch \u0110\u1ea5t Vi\u1ec7t Tr\u1eddi Nam, cho bi\u1ebft: \u201cN\u0103m \u1ea4t S\u1eedu 1805, ng\u00e0y 17 th\u00e1ng 5 ta, vua Gia Long gi\u00e1ng d\u1ee5 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Nam B\u1ed9 th\u00e0nh 5 tr\u1ea5n l\u00e0: Tr\u1ea5n Bi\u00ean (t\u1ee9c Bi\u00ean H\u00f2a), Phan Tr\u1ea5n (t\u1ee9c Gia \u0110\u1ecbnh), V\u0129nh Tr\u1ea5n (g\u1ed3m V\u0129nh Long v\u00e0 An Giang), \u0110\u1ecbnh Tr\u1ea5n (t\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ecbnh T\u01b0\u1eddng) v\u00e0 H\u00e0 Ti\u00ean. Vua ra l\u1ecbnh \u0111o \u0111\u1ea5t, v\u1ebd h\u1ecda \u0111\u1ed3 c\u00e1c tr\u1ea5n v\u1edbi ranh gi\u1edbi r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, ghi c\u1ea3 s\u01a1n xuy\u00ean, th\u1ed5 s\u1ea3n, d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 phong t\u1ee5c... l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00ed r\u1ed3i d\u00e2ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 kinh(38)\u201d. \u0110\u1ebfn th\u1eddi Gia Long, v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y v\u1eabn c\u00f2n hoang vu, n\u00ean vua l\u1ec7nh quan \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ed9 d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn khai kh\u1ea9n, \u0111\u1eb7t quan qu\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea1o cai tr\u1ecb, v\u1eabn thu\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n cai qu\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a tr\u1ea5n V\u0129nh Thanh, n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ea7u quan \u1ea3i c\u1ee7a tr\u1ea5n V\u0129nh Thanh v\u1edbi Ch\u00e2n L\u1ea1p. T\u1eeb v\u00e0m s\u00f4ng Ch\u00e2u \u0110\u1ed1c (s\u00f4ng H\u1eadu) ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean ph\u00eda b\u1eafc ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p v\u00f9ng Th\u1ea5t S\u01a1n r\u1ed3i s\u00f4ng Giang Th\u00e0nh, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ecbnh Th\u00e1i Lan l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi gi\u1eefa ta v\u00e0 Ch\u00e2n L\u1ea1p r\u1ea5t m\u01a1 h\u1ed3. \u0110\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00f9ng gi\u1edbi tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ea7u quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m bi\u00ean c\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00eda b\u1eafc, n\u0103m Gia Long th\u1ee9 14 (1815), tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh ra l\u1ecbnh cho tr\u1ea5n th\u1ee7 V\u0129nh Thanh, L\u01b0u Ph\u01b0\u1edbc T\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadp h\u1ecdp 3000 d\u00e2n binh \u0111\u00e0o h\u00e0o, \u0111\u1eafp l\u0169y x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ed3n Ch\u00e2u \u0110\u1ed1c \u1edf ph\u00eda t\u00e2y s\u00f4ng H\u1eadu, c\u00f3 giao th\u00f4ng h\u00e0o \u0103n th\u00f4ng v\u1edbi s\u00f4ng n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec3n qu\u00e2n khi c\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn. \u0110\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c v\u00f9ng t\u00e2n c\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa hai n\u01b0\u1edbc, [\u2026], n\u0103m 1817, vua Gia Long l\u1ecbnh cho Tho\u1ea1i Ng\u1ecdc H\u1ea7u Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Tho\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e0o kinh n\u00fai S\u1eadp (sau g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Tho\u1ea1i H\u00e0). Hai n\u0103m sau (1819) l\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u00e0o kinh V\u0129nh T\u1ebf, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i 5 n\u0103m m\u1edbi xong. Hai con kinh n\u00e0y qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c m\u1edf mang kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 gi\u1eef y\u00ean b\u1edd c\u00f5i(39)\u201d. Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh \u0111\u1ebfn An Giang v\u00e0 vua Gia Long v\u1edbi An Giang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed s\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi An Giang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u1ea3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1edbi l\u00f2ng t\u00f4n k\u00ednh, tr\u1ecdng ngh\u0129a nh\u00e2n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi An Giang \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch truy\u1ec1n kh\u1ea9u t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 t\u00edch m\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng qua th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n d\u00e2n gian \u0111\u1ec3 r\u0103n d\u1ea1y con ch\u00e1u ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft \u01a1n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 khai s\u00e1ng ra qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecd, \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb ch\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 m\u00e0 t\u00f4n th\u1edd v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 noi theo trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc. H\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n An Giang l\u00e0 v\u1ecb ch\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi g\u1eafn b\u00f3 v\u1edbi An Giang, g\u1eafn b\u00f3 trong s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p \u201cph\u1ee5c qu\u1ed1c\u201d c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n (Ph\u00fac) \u00c1nh v\u00e0 g\u1eafn b\u00f3 trong c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng nh\u00e2n v\u0103n, chan ch\u1ee9a t\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi. S\u00e1ch v\u1edf \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 chuy\u1ec7n n\u1ea7y, t\u00f4i xin \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i chuy\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh. Chuy\u1ec7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 r\u1eb1ng: Trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y \u0111i l\u00e1nh n\u1ea1n, c\u00f3 l\u1ea7n Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00e1u m\u00ecnh trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ee5i r\u1eadm tr\u00ean c\u00f9 lao \u00d4ng Ch\u01b0\u1edfng thu\u1ed9c huy\u1ec7n Ch\u1ee3 M\u1edbi, t\u1ec9nh An Giang. B\u00ean b\u1edd s\u00f4ng, g\u1ea7n ch\u1ed7 \u00f4ng \u0111ang \u1ea9n m\u00ecnh, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4 g\u00e1i xinh x\u1eafn, qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o l\u1ea5m lem, h\u1edf hang da th\u1ecbt n\u00f5n n\u00e0 \u0111ang b\u00ec b\u00f5m l\u1ed9i b\u1eaft c\u00e1. Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh l\u00e9n nh\u00ecn v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac n\u00ean qu\u00ean \u0111i trong ph\u00fat ch\u1ed1c c\u00e1i ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh \u0111au th\u01b0\u01a1ng, th\u1ea5t c\u01a1 l\u1ee1 v\u1eadn c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. B\u1ed7ng nhi\u00ean, c\u00f4 g\u00e1i ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong b\u1ee5i r\u1eadm \u0111ang nh\u00ecn tr\u1ed9m m\u00ecnh b\u00e8n h\u00e9t l\u00ean r\u1ed3i ch\u1edbi v\u1edbi th\u1ee5t ch\u00e2n s\u1ee5p xu\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t v\u1ef1c s\u00e2u. Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p hi\u1ec3m nguy v\u1ee5t b\u0103ng ra kh\u1ecfi b\u1ee5i r\u1eadm, lao xu\u1ed1ng s\u00f4ng n\u1eafm tay c\u00f4 g\u00e1i k\u00e9o v\u00e0o b\u1edd. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ch\u00e0ng trai thanh t\u00fa c\u1ee9u s\u1ed1ng c\u00f4 g\u00e1i h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c c\u1ea3m k\u00edch. Nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec theo t\u1ee5c l\u1ec7 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi con g\u00e1i n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi con trai nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a","m\u00ecnh r\u1ed3i th\u00ec bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i l\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m ch\u1ed3ng. C\u00f4 g\u00e1i n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y tay Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 b\u1eaft s\u1ed1ng chung. Kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edd cu\u1ed9c t\u00ecnh duy\u00ean b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eafc d\u0129 \u1ea5y l\u1ea1i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t may m\u1eafn, gi\u00fap cho Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng. \u00d4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 v\u1ee3 bao b\u1ecdc gi\u1ea5u k\u00edn. H\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y c\u00f4 v\u1ee3 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n, k\u1ebb \u0111i b\u1eaft t\u00f4m c\u00e1, mua th\u00f3c g\u1ea1o v\u1ec1 nu\u00f4i v\u1ecb ch\u00faa l\u1ee1 v\u1eadn; ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00ec \u0111i th\u0103m d\u00f2, t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm gi\u00fap c\u00e1c c\u1eadn th\u1ea7n \u0111ang l\u01b0u t\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ee5 h\u1ecdp l\u1ea1i, b\u00e0y m\u01b0u t\u00ednh k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p \u201cph\u1ee5c qu\u1ed1c\u201d. S\u1ed1ng \u1edf c\u00f9 lao \u00d4ng Ch\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian, Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh t\u1eeb bi\u1ec7t ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ee3 tr\u1ebb ra \u0111i, b\u00f4n ba cho nghi\u1ec7p l\u1edbn. Nh\u01b0ng sau n\u00e0y, khi \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean ng\u00f4i ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf, \u0111\u1eb7t ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 Gia Long, nh\u00e0 vua \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00ean h\u1eb3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi con g\u00e1i \u0111\u00e3 che ch\u1edf, gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 m\u00ecnh n\u0103m x\u01b0a. D\u00e2n gian trong v\u00f9ng ngh\u0129 t\u1edbi chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 \u1ea5m \u1ee9c trong l\u00f2ng, \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00e0nh c\u00e2u ca dao cho tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf h\u00e1t ch\u01a1i r\u1eb1ng: Qu\u1ea1 bay v\u00e0 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi di\u1ec1u C\u00f9 lao \u00d4ng Ch\u01b0\u1edfng thi\u1ebfu g\u00ec c\u00e1 t\u00f4m. B\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn: C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n n\u1ea7y n\u00f3i l\u00ean ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh bi \u0111\u00e1t nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh bu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf An Giang nh\u01b0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 ghi. Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00f4ng ch\u00faa nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 cho c\u00f4 g\u00e1i k\u00e9o v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 b\u1eaft l\u00e0m ch\u1ed3ng. \u00d4ng kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 nh\u1edd d\u00e2n ch\u00fang che ch\u1edf, nu\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng. Chuy\u1ec7n n\u1ea7y g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, nh\u01b0ng chuy\u1ec7n t\u00ecnh th\u00ec ch\u01b0a ch\u1eafc c\u00f3. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u00ean sau khi l\u00ean l\u00e0m vua \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn. C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n t\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch g\u00ec kh\u00e1c ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i l\u00ean s\u1ef1 g\u1eafn b\u00f3 c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh v\u1edbi An Giang. Chuy\u1ec7n k\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u1ea5m \u1ee9c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 cho c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n h\u1ee3p l\u00fd m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Chuy\u1ec7n th\u1ee9 hai: Tr\u00ean b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u201ct\u1ea9u qu\u1ed1c\u201d \u0111\u1ebfn An Giang, nh\u1eb1m tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 v\u00e2y h\u00e3m c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n T\u00e2y S\u01a1n, Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111o\u00e0n t\u00f9y t\u00f9ng l\u00ean \u1ea9n n\u00fap tr\u00ean N\u00fai C\u1ea5m (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Thi\u00ean C\u1ea5m S\u01a1n), m\u1ed9t ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai cao nh\u1ea5t, l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t n\u1eb1m trong d\u00e3y Th\u1ea5t S\u01a1n h\u00f9ng v\u0129 thu\u1ed9c x\u00e3 An H\u1ea3o, huy\u1ec7n T\u1ecbnh Bi\u00ean, t\u1ec9nh An Giang. Chung quanh ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 c\u00e2y r\u1eebng v\u00e0 n\u00fai \u0111\u00e1, thi\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc, qu\u00e2n t\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ecb \u0111e d\u1ecda ch\u1ebft kh\u00e1t. G\u1eb7p b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f9ng, Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh kh\u1ea5n v\u00e1i tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1ed3i c\u1eafm thanh g\u01b0\u01a1m xu\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t b\u1edd \u0111\u00e1. B\u1ea5t ng\u1edd b\u1edd \u0111\u00e1 n\u1ee9t ra v\u00e0 phun l\u00ean m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ch\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eebng r\u1ee1 b\u00e1i l\u1ea1y r\u1ed3i h\u1ee9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng. D\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt m\u00e1t l\u1ea1 th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111o\u00e0n t\u00f9y t\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh tho\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1n ch\u1ebft kh\u00e1t. H\u00ecnh 29. \u0110i\u00eau kh\u1eafc gia Th\u1ee5y Lam b\u00ean gi\u1ebfng x\u01b0a t\u01b0\u01a1ng truy\u1ec1n do tr\u1eddi ban cho Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh tr\u00ean N\u00fai C\u1ea5m. \u1ea2nh N\u0110X.","Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh cho r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee9u gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o \u00f4ng d\u1eebng ch\u00e2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y. \u00d4ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u00fd tr\u1eddi. Theo truy\u1ec1n t\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n gian, n\u01a1i Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh h\u1ea1 tr\u1ea1i n\u00f3i tr\u00ean c\u00e1ch v\u1ed3 Thi\u00ean Tu\u1ebf tr\u00ean N\u00fai C\u1ea5m kh\u00f4ng xa. Ng\u00e0y nay \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f2n l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng truy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfc ngai c\u1ee7a ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n (Ph\u00fac) \u00c1nh ng\u1ed3i trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y l\u00e1nh n\u1ea1n \u1edf n\u00fai C\u1ea5m. H\u00ecnh 30. Chi\u1ebfc gh\u1ebf \u0111\u00e1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean t\u1ea1i v\u1ed3 Thi\u00ean Tu\u1ebf, t\u01b0\u01a1ng truy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 ngai c\u1ee7a ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac \u00c1nh ng\u1ed3i trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y l\u00e1nh n\u1ea1n \u1edf n\u00fai C\u1ea5m. \u1ea2nh tr\u00edch l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a H\u00e2n Vinh \u201c\u0110i t\u00ecm l\u1eddi nguy\u1ec1n 30 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1i n\u00fai C\u1ea5m\u201d. D\u00e2n ch\u00fang tin nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf cho n\u00ean t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i mi\u1ebfu v\u00e0 xem nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1edd Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf Gia Long. V\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u l\u00fd do, nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n \u201c\u0111i\u1ec7n Gia Long\u201d b\u1ecb tri\u1ec7t ph\u00e1. Sau m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n b\u1ecb tri\u1ec7t ph\u00e1 d\u00e2n ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean nh\u01b0 c\u0169. M\u1ed9t s\u1edbm mai \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 2014, t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110i\u00eau kh\u1eafc gia Th\u1ee5y Lam \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m \u201c\u0111i\u1ec7n Gia Long\u201d gi\u1eefa l\u00fac d\u00e2n ch\u00fang c\u00e1c n\u01a1i c\u0169ng \u0111ang h\u00e0nh h\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u201c\u0111i\u1ec7n\u201d. H\u1ecd h\u00e0nh h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi ni\u1ec1m tin s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1edbi nh\u01a1n ph\u00f9 h\u1ed9, l\u00e0m \u0103n ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea1t, gia \u0111\u00ecnh h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac.","H\u00ecnh 30 & H\u00ecnh 32. D\u00e2n ch\u00fang c\u00e1c n\u01a1i ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i r\u1ed3i c\u00f9ng h\u00e0nh h\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u201c\u0111i\u1ec7n Gia Long\u201d. \u1ea2nh N\u0110X. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Nguy\u1ec5n, t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y d\u00e2n ch\u00fang qu\u00fd tr\u1ecdng vua Gia Long nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf t\u00f4i r\u1ea5t x\u00fac \u0111\u1ed9ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1eef \u0111i\u1ec7n cho ph\u00e9p t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e1i l\u1ea1y v\u1ecb Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i Nguy\u1ec5n. Ng\u00f4i mi\u1ebfu nh\u1ecf d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1 l\u1edbn, s\u01a1n m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf, b\u00ean trong \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00e2n dung Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf Gia Long.","H\u00ecnh 33. T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u201c\u0111i\u1ec7n Gia Long\u201d. H\u00ecnh 34. D\u00e2n ch\u00fang chen nhau v\u00e0o l\u1ec5. \u1ea2nh t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u. L\u1ec5 xong, t\u00f4i b\u01b0\u1edbc qua m\u1ed9t b\u00ean, d\u00e2n ch\u00fang chen nhau v\u00e0o l\u1ec5. V\u1eadt ph\u1ea9m c\u00fang l\u1ec5 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 mi\u1ebfng b\u00e1nh, nh\u00fam (n\u1eafm) tr\u00e0, v\u00e0i ly r\u01b0\u1ee3u nh\u1ecf, m\u1ed9t n\u00e9n h\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01a1m nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i l\u00ean s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh k\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf Gia Long. Ng\u1ea1n ng\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 c\u00e2u \u201cC\u00f3 t\u00edch m\u1edbi d\u1ecbch ra tu\u1ed3ng\u201d. Khi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Nam B\u1ed9 n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 d\u00e2n An Giang n\u00f3i ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vua Gia Long t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y c\u00e2u ng\u1ea1n ng\u1eef n\u1ea7y r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00fang. H\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ec7n d\u00e2n gian k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh - Nguy\u1ec5n V\u01b0\u01a1ng hay Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf Gia Long, kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u th\u00ec \u00edt \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u201cs\u1ef1 t\u00edch\u201d, \u0111\u1ec1u li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. \u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9","vua Gia Long c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Nam B\u1ed9, nh\u00e0 v\u0103n T\u00e2n D\u00e2n T\u1eed(40) \u0111\u00e3 tham kh\u1ea3o c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ed1c s\u1eed qu\u00e1n tri\u1ec1u Nguy\u1ec5n k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi kho t\u00e0ng chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ed5 d\u00e2n gian v\u1ec1 vua Gia Long vi\u1ebft n\u00ean b\u1ed9 ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft l\u1ecbch s\u1eed k\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec7n t\u1eeb khi Nguy\u1ec5n (Ph\u00fac) \u00c1nh v\u00e0o Nam B\u1ed9 cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y Nguy\u1ec5n V\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Ph\u00fa Xu\u00e2n l\u00ean ng\u00f4i Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf, g\u1ed3m 11 t\u1eadp, v\u1edbi 3 t\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1: - Gia Long t\u1ea9u qu\u1ed1c, 5 t\u1eadp, Nh\u00e0 in B\u1ea3o T\u1ed3n, S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, 1930; Nh\u00e0 in X\u01b0a Nay t\u00e1i b\u1ea3n, S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, 1932. (T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh tu\u1ed3ng C\u1ea3i l\u01b0\u01a1ng do Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n Th\u00ecnh xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n); - Ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed C\u1ea3nh nh\u01b0 T\u00e2y, 2 t\u1eadp, Nh\u00e0 in B\u1ea3o T\u1ed3n, S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, 1931 - Gia Long Ph\u1ee5c Qu\u1ed1c, 4 t\u1eadp, Nh\u00e0 in X\u01b0a Nay, S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, 1932 v\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 in B\u1ea3o T\u1ed3n, S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, c\u00f9ng in trong 1932. Tr\u00ean b\u00eca 1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec1u v\u1ebd h\u00ecnh vua Gia Long c\u01b0\u1ee1i ng\u1ef1a. Cu\u1ed1i t\u1eadp 4 c\u00f3 l\u1eddi k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p \u201cph\u1ee5c qu\u1ed1c\u201d c\u1ee7a Gia Long. T\u00e2n D\u00e2n T\u1eed k\u1ebft th\u00fac b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng c\u00e2u: \u201cV\u1eady th\u00ec \u0110\u1ee9c Gia Long c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng k\u00e9m chi vua Quang V\u00f5 nh\u00e0 H\u00e1n b\u00ean T\u00e0u, m\u00e0 c\u0169ng m\u1ed9t vua khai qu\u1ed1c anh h\u00f9ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t Vi\u1ec7t Nam ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc(41)\u201d.","H\u00ecnh 35. T\u1eadp 4 Gia Long Ph\u1ee5c Qu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a T\u00e2n D\u00e2n T\u1eed, Ph\u1ea1m \u0110\u00ecnh Kh\u01b0\u01a1ng xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, SG 1932, kh\u1ed5 13 x18cm. T\u01b0 li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a N\u0110X. \u0110\u1ea5t Nam B\u1ed9 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a t\u00e1m \u0111\u1eddi ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n \u1edf Thu\u1eadn H\u00f3a Ph\u00fa Xu\u00e2n. R\u1ed3i, v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 18 th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m \u0110inh D\u1eadu (18\/10\/1777), c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh t\u1ea1i Long Xuy\u00ean\/An Giang c\u1ee7a Nam B\u1ed9 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh \u00f4ng ch\u00faa th\u1ee9 ch\u00edn - Du\u1ec7 t\u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac Thu\u1ea7n - c\u00e1o chung b\u1edfi Phong tr\u00e0o T\u00e2y S\u01a1n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n tang th\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed tri\u1ec1u Nguy\u1ec5n. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn \u0111\u00f3 d\u1ed3n v\u00e0o t\u00e2m tr\u00ed m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e1u h\u1ecd Nguy\u1ec5n 16 tu\u1ed5i l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n (Ph\u00fac) \u00c1nh \u2013 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ed1n tho\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cu\u1ed9c v\u00e2y b\u1eaft c\u1ee7a Phong tr\u00e0o T\u00e2y S\u01a1n \u1edf Long Xuy\u00ean. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 bao b\u1ecdc, t\u1eadn t\u1ee5y, d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Long Xuy\u00ean\/An Giang ng\u01b0\u1eddi trai tr\u1ebb h\u1ecd Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac 16 tu\u1ed5i \u1ea5y \u201ct\u1ea9u qu\u1ed1c\u201d r\u1ed3i sau m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u01b0 th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 \u201cph\u1ee5c qu\u1ed1c\u201d d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i 13 \u0111\u1eddi vua Nguy\u1ec5n - tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i qu\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n An Giang \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng trong s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p \u201cph\u1ee5c qu\u1ed1c\u201d c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n (Ph\u00fac) \u00c1nh m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Nh\u00e2n. \u00d4ng t\u01b0\u1edbng xu\u1ea5t th\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p v\u00f5 (1 trong 5 v\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nam B\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u01b0\u01a1ng) v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u danh th\u00eam v\u1edbi nghi\u1ec7p v\u0103n (T\u1ed5ng t\u00e0i Qu\u1ed1c s\u1eed qu\u00e1n th\u1eddi Minh M\u1ea1ng).","Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n An Giang h\u1ebft m\u00ecnh ph\u00f2 vua Gia Long nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, b\u1edfi v\u00ec bu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t An Giang ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f2n hoang vu, ch\u00ednh vua Gia Long \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ec7nh cho c\u00e1c quan \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ed9 d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn khai hoang, l\u1eadp \u1ea5p, \u0111\u1eb7t quan qu\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea1o cai tr\u1ecb, d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng tr\u00f9 ph\u00fa, an l\u00e0nh v\u1edbi t\u00ean g\u1ecdi An Giang. V\u00ec nh\u1eefng \u01a1n ngh\u0129a \u1ea5y m\u00e0 vua Gia Long s\u1ed1ng m\u00e3i trong l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n An Giang b\u1eb1ng h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n k\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn, b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng am, mi\u1ebfu, \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1edd \u201cHo\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf Gia Long\u201d \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 vua Gia Long trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng t\u00e2m linh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n An Giang, t\u00f4i l\u1ea1i nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec7n C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Huy\u1ec1n Tr\u00e2n \u0111\u1eddi Tr\u1ea7n. Nh\u1edd C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Huy\u1ec1n Tr\u00e2n v\u1ec1 Chi\u00eam Qu\u1ed1c v\u1edbi vua Ch\u1ebf M\u00e2n m\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u00eam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai ch\u00e2u \u00d4 (Thu\u1eadn) v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u L\u00fd (H\u00f3a). Kh\u00f4ng ai r\u00f5 tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1 Chi\u00eam Qu\u1ed1c b\u00e0 c\u00f3 gh\u00e9 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t Thu\u1eadn H\u00f3a hay kh\u00f4ng, tuy v\u1eady t\u1ec9nh Th\u1eeba Thi\u00ean Hu\u1ebf bi\u1ebft l\u00f2ng d\u00e2n Thu\u1eadn H\u00f3a, Ph\u00fa Xu\u00e2n m\u1ebfn m\u1ed9 B\u00e0, t\u1ec9nh \u0111\u00e3 cho x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t khu \u0111\u1ec1n th\u1edd B\u00e0 r\u1ea5t ho\u00e0nh tr\u00e1ng trong v\u00f9ng n\u00fai Tam Thai. N\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y do ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ecdn, ch\u01b0a h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng tin, m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n n\u00e0o li\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Huy\u1ec1n Tr\u00e2n, th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng sau khi \u0111\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean, d\u00e2n ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng \u1edf Th\u1eeba Thi\u00ean Hu\u1ebf m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u1edf kh\u1eafp c\u1ea3 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i r\u1ea5t quan t\u00e2m. Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ec1 d\u1ef1 l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m \u00c2m l\u1ecbch m\u00e0 h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1n C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Huy\u1ec1n Tr\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m du l\u1ecbch t\u00e2m linh thu h\u00fat \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o kh\u00e1ch tham quan ch\u1ed9n r\u1ed9n gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m du l\u1ecbch n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng kh\u00e1c \u1edf Hu\u1ebf. H\u00ecnh 36. Ng\u00e0y h\u1ed9i \u1edf \u0111\u1ec1n Huy\u1ec1n Tr\u00e2n tr\u00ean n\u00fai Tam Thai (Hu\u1ebf). \u1ea2nh t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a N\u0110X. T\u1eeb tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u1edf Th\u1eeba Thi\u00ean Hu\u1ebf, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ec9nh An Giang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vua Gia Long. So v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1n C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Huy\u1ec1n Tr\u00e2n \u1edf Hu\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ec1n hay \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ee5ng th\u1edd vua Gia Long \u1edf An Giang c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 s\u1edf khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i: Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed qua l\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n An Giang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vua Gia Long v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m \u01a1n ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a vua Gia Long d\u00e0nh cho d\u00e2n An Giang qu\u00e1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng (C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Huy\u1ec1n Tr\u00e2n v\u1edbi d\u00e2n Thu\u1eadn H\u00f3a ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch chung nh\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c). Vi\u1ec7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n An Giang qu\u00fd tr\u1ecdng vua Gia Long th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng qua vi\u1ec7c th\u1edd c\u00fang, qua c\u00e1c c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n d\u00e2n gian h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn (trong l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Thu\u1eadn H\u00f3a Ph\u00fa Xu\u00e2n ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 s\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 ghi l\u00e0 B\u00e0 v\u1ec1 Chi\u00eam qu\u1ed1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vua Chi\u00eam d\u00e2ng hai ch\u00e2u \u00d4, L\u00fd cho n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t, th\u1ebf th\u00f4i). Th\u1ee9 hai, trong l\u00fac ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n ch\u01b0a quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c l\u00f2ng d\u00e2n An Giang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vua Gia Long, th\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 bao \u0111\u1eddi nay ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n An Giang \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01a1i m\u00e0 h\u1ecd tin vua Gia Long \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u201ct\u1ea9u qu\u1ed1c\u201d r\u1ed3i \u201cph\u1ee5c qu\u1ed1c\u201d c\u1ee7a vua Gia Long. \u0110\u1ec1n hay \u0111i\u1ec7n vua Gia Long \u1edf An Giang kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i th\u1edd vua Gia Long m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 n\u01a1i th\u1edd t\u01b0\u1edbng Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Nh\u00e2n - ng\u01b0\u1eddi An Giang m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi t\u1eadn t\u1ee5y v\u1edbi vua Gia Long, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng t\u00edch v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n, v\u00e0 h\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u1eefa \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i th\u1edd Nghi bi\u1ec3u h\u1ea7u Nguy\u1ec5n C\u01b0 Trinh -","ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac Kho\u00e1t \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea5t T\u1ea7m Phong Long c\u1ee7a vua Ch\u00e2n L\u1ea1p d\u00e2ng qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n C\u01b0 Trinh \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean cho An Giang ng\u00e0y nay. V\u00e0 theo t\u00f4i ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1n hay ng\u00f4i \u0111i\u1ec7n Gia Long c\u1ee7a An Giang, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a An Giang m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1n hay ng\u00f4i \u0111i\u1ec7n chung cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Nam B\u1ed9, cho con ch\u00e1u Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed9c \u1edf trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u khoa h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ebfu, c\u01a1 s\u1edf khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, l\u00f2ng d\u00e2n v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o phong ph\u00fa, ch\u1ec9 ch\u1edd m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1eefa th\u00ec \u01b0\u1edbc m\u01a1 bao \u0111\u1eddi nay c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi An Giang s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c. T\u1ea1i sao ch\u01b0a?","V\u1ec1 th\u0103m N\u01b0\u1edbc Xo\u00e1y (H\u1ed3i Oa) - n\u01a1i kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Trung h\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n t\u1ea1i Nam B\u1ed9 Bao n\u0103m \u0111\u1ecdc s\u1eed s\u00e1ch tri\u1ec1u Nguy\u1ec5n, t\u00f4i \u01b0\u1edbc mong \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i d\u00e0i ng\u00e0y v\u00e0o Nam B\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea7n theo b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u0103ng tr\u1ea7m \u201ct\u1ea9u qu\u1ed1c\u201d c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh - ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5c h\u01b0ng tri\u1ec1u Nguy\u1ec5n. Nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n t\u00f4i b\u00e0n v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 v\u0103n S\u01a1n Nam, v\u1edbi Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 L\u00fd Vi\u1ec7t D\u0169ng, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0m b\u00e1o Lao \u0110\u1ed9ng \u1edf \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long\u2026 nh\u01b0ng m\u00e3i ch\u01b0a th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u1eeba r\u1ed3i anh B\u1ea3o H\u1ed9i - ch\u00e1u n\u1ed9i vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i, ch\u00e1u ngo\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng s\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u1edbc Sa \u0110\u00e9c - V\u0129nh Long, Vi\u1ec7t ki\u1ec1u M\u1ef9, bi\u1ebft \u01b0\u1edbc mong c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i b\u00e8n \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb t\u00f4i n\u00ean \u201c\u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1\u201d v\u1ec1 N\u01b0\u1edbc Xo\u00e1y (H\u1ed3i Oa), m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m thu\u1ed9c huy\u1ec7n L\u1ea5p V\u00f2 (\u0110\u1ed3ng Th\u00e1p) - n\u01a1i c\u00f2n gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u di t\u00edch li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh. \u0110\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m N\u01b0\u1edbc Xo\u00e1y (H\u1ed3i Oa) t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc trong \u0110\u1ea1i Nam Nh\u1ea5t Th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ed, (L\u1ee5c T\u1ec9nh Nam Vi\u1ec7t) c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u Nguy\u1ec5n t\u1eeb l\u00e2u n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft \u201c[\u2026] L\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u Trung h\u01b0ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m \u0110inh V\u1ecb (1787) Th\u1ebf t\u1ed5 Cao ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed3n tr\u00fa n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n, v\u00e0 nh\u1edd \u0111\u1ecba th\u1ebf hi\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u chi\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i h\u00ecnh th\u1eafng, \u0111\u1ebfn nay d\u00e2n c\u00f2n ca t\u1ee5ng\u201d (S\u0111d., tr.53 - 54). \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1eed, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec vui b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 mang ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c s\u1eed s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi, cho n\u00ean khi nghe anh B\u1ea3o H\u1ed9i n\u00f3i v\u1eady, t\u00f4i c\u00e1m \u01a1n r\u00edu r\u00edt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb anh t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c cho \u0111i ngay. V\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc m\u01a1 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c. H\u00ecnh 37. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u1ee5 l\u0103ng \u00f4ng B\u00f5 H\u1eadu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ee3 B\u1ed9 C\u00f4ng tri\u1ec1u Nguy\u1ec5n \u0111\u1eafp h\u00ecnh b\u00fap sen. \u1ea2nh N\u0110X. Tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1 N\u01b0\u1edbc Xo\u00e1y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i gh\u00e9 th\u0103m l\u0103ng m\u1ed9 c\u1ee5 Nguy\u1ec5n Sinh S\u1eafc \u1edf \u0110\u1ed3ng Th\u00e1p. Sau \u0111\u00f3 qua ph\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn huy\u1ec7n L\u1ea5p V\u00f2. Xe ch\u1ea1y th\u00eam ch\u1eebng b\u1ed1n n\u0103m km r\u1ed3i r\u1ebd tay tr\u00e1i. Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed9 m\u1edbi \u0111\u1eafp c\u0169ng ch\u1eebng n\u0103m s\u00e1u km n\u1eefa l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee3 N\u01b0\u1edbc Xo\u00e1y thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u1eadn x\u00e3 Long H\u01b0ng A (huy\u1ec7n L\u1ea5p V\u00f2). Anh B\u1ea3o H\u1ed9i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1i t\u00ean N\u01b0\u1edbc Xo\u00e1y: \u201cV\u00ec t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 hai ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc Ti\u1ec1n Giang v\u00e0 H\u1eadu Giang gi\u00e1p n\u1ed1i, c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c s\u00f4ng r\u1ea1ch kh\u00e1c ch\u1ea3y d\u1ed3n v\u00e0o khi\u1ebfn cho con n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y xo\u00e1y v\u00f2ng l\u1ea1i, n\u00ean m\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 N\u01b0\u1edbc Xo\u00e1y, t\u00ean ch\u1eef l\u00e0 H\u1ed3i Oa\u201d. S\u00e1ch \u0110\u1ea1i Nam nh\u1ea5t th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn tr\u00ean (tr.53 - 54) c\u0169ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00e1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111i ghe v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u00e1i ch\u1ee3 N\u01b0\u1edbc Xo\u00e1y, theo con r\u1ea1ch nh\u1ecf mang t\u00ean N\u01b0\u1edbc Xo\u00e1y B\u1edd R\u00e0o. C\u00e1ch ch\u1ee3 ch\u1eebng s\u00e1u b\u1ea3y ch\u1ee5c m\u00e9t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y \u0111a c\u1ed5 th\u1ee5, c\u00e0nh l\u00e1 sum s\u00ea c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 c\u00e2y \u0111a B\u1ebfn Ng\u1ef1. T\u01b0\u01a1ng truy\u1ec1n l\u00fac Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh v\u1ec1 \u1ea9n tr\u00fa n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y (m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng n\u0103m 1787), nh\u1eefng l\u00fac r\u1ed7i vi\u1ec7c qu\u00e2n \u00f4ng hay ra ng\u1ed3i c\u00e2u c\u00e1. N\u01a1i \u1ea5y v\u1ec1 sau d\u00e2n ch\u00fang l\u1eadp","mi\u1ebfu th\u1edd \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u201cCao Ho\u00e0ng th\u1ebf mi\u1ebfu\u201d. N\u1eeda th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y v\u1eabn c\u00f2n gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i l\u01b0 c\u1ed5 b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 ong, c\u00f3 t\u1eeb th\u1eddi Gia Long. Sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ec9nh Sa \u0110\u00e9c (c\u0169) \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m th\u01a1 v\u1ecbnh c\u00e2y \u0111a B\u1ebfn Ng\u1ef1, v\u1edbi 4 c\u00e2u m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u r\u1eb1ng: Anh h\u00f9ng ngu\u1ed3n Nguy\u1ec5n \u1ee9ng Long H\u01b0ng. \u0110\u1ebf nghi\u1ec7p tr\u1eddi Nam \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1eebng. \u0110\u1ea5t tr\u1ed5 c\u00e2y \u0111a l\u00e0m B\u1ebfn Ng\u1ef1. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00f4 tung nh\u1ea1c h\u1ea1 tr\u1eddi xu\u00e2n. R\u1eddi c\u00e2y \u0111a B\u1ebfn Ng\u1ef1, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i xu\u1ed1ng ghe \u0111i ti\u1ebfp. T\u00f4i th\u1eafc m\u1eafc v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i t\u00ean B\u1edd R\u00e0o. Anh B\u1ea3o H\u1ed9i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cB\u1edd R\u00e0o t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00e1i h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o bao quanh doanh tr\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh l\u00fac \u1ea5y m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta s\u1eafp b\u01a1i ghe qua\u201d. Anh B\u1ea3o H\u1ed9i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch theo ki\u1ec3u d\u00e2n gian, th\u1ef1c ra s\u00e1ch \u0110\u1ea1i Nam nh\u1ea5t th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft l\u00e0: \u201c\u0110\u1ed3n c\u0169 H\u1ed3i Oa: N\u0103m \u0110inh V\u1ecb (1787) khi \u0111\u1ea7u Trung h\u01b0ng, vua Th\u1ebf t\u1ed5 Cao ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf (mi\u1ebfu hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a vua Gia Long) t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc Xi\u00eam v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3ng binh \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, nay di ch\u1ec9 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n. N\u0103m T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 2 (1849), \u0110\u1ed1c th\u1ea7n l\u00e0 Do\u00e3n U\u1ea9n ph\u1ecfng tra vi\u1ec7c c\u0169, c\u00f3 d\u1ef1ng bia ch\u1ed7 n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed3n c\u0169 \u1ea5y, \u0111\u1ec3 ghi th\u1eafng t\u00edch\u201d (S\u0111d, tr.64). C\u00e1i bia \u1ea5y m\u1ea5t t\u1eeb thu\u1edf n\u00e0o, nh\u01b0ng theo \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n D\u1ea7n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Sa \u0110\u00e9c nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt ch\u00ed th\u00ec \u201cN\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Cao Ho\u00e0ng gi\u00e1 ng\u1ef1, vu\u00f4ng v\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 6 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea5t. Thu\u1edf \u1ea5y \u0111\u1eafp \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t cao, \u0111\u1ebfn nay v\u00ec l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi qu\u00e1 n\u00ean c\u00e1i n\u1ec1n \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ec xu\u1ed1ng, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f2n cao h\u01a1n m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00fat, n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.[\u2026]. Th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1eafp b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea5t [\u2026] h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2y c\u1eadn c\u00e1i x\u1ebbo nh\u1ecf, xu\u1ed3ng ghe ch\u1ed1ng v\u00f4 ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. H\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00f4ng v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1eadn ru\u1ed9ng t\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec1n. H\u01b0\u1edbng nam c\u00f3 c\u00e2y \u0111a B\u1ebfn Ng\u1ef1 v\u00e0 r\u1ea1ch N\u01b0\u1edbc Xo\u00e1y\u201d. S\u00e1ch \u0110\u1ea1i Nam th\u1ef1c l\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh bi\u00ean(42) cho bi\u1ebft: \u201cHai b\u00ean t\u1ea3 h\u1eefu th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed3n ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7. Ph\u00eda t\u1ea3 giao cho hai v\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e3nh Hu\u1ef3nh V\u0103n Kh\u00e1nh v\u00e0 T\u1ed1ng Ph\u00fac Ngo\u1ea1n coi gi\u1eef. Ph\u00eda h\u1eefu do Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 T\u00f4 V\u0103n \u0110o\u00e0i canh ch\u1eebng\u201d [\u2026] Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u201cv\u1eabn th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u00e1 [\u2026] nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1eadn giao phong d\u1eef d\u1ed9i, \u0111\u00f4i b\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1\u201d. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh t\u00edch chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e1nh lui qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh l\u00fac \u1ea5y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Huy, L\u00ea V\u0103n Th\u01b0\u1ee3c, T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t H\u1ed9i v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Duy Nhu\u1eadn. Nhi\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e3nh, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 V\u00f5 T\u00e1nh, \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9 nghe Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf V\u1ecdng C\u00e1c (Th\u00e1i Lan) v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf N\u01b0\u1edbc Xo\u00e1y b\u00e8n k\u00e9o \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00f2 t\u00e1 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f4ng. \u0110\u1ea7u tri\u1ec1u T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c, \u00f4ng Cao H\u1eefu B\u1eb1ng (c\u0169ng c\u00f3 t\u00ean kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 D\u1ef1c), m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hu\u1ebf v\u00e0o l\u00e0m T\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ed1c An - H\u00e0 (An Giang v\u00e0 H\u00e0 Ti\u00ean) khi \u0111i qua l\u00e0ng Long H\u01b0ng, th\u1ea5y di t\u00edch n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed3n, th\u00e0nh c\u0169 c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh, \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00f2ng \u00f4ng c\u1ea3m kh\u00e1i m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i th\u01a1 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef H\u00e1n. Xin tr\u00edch m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n theo b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n D\u1ea7n: \u201c\u0110\u1eddi vua Th\u1ebf t\u1ed5 Cao Ho\u00e0ng, Gi\u00e1 v\u00e0o Sa \u0110\u00e9c t\u1ea1i l\u00e0ng Long H\u01b0ng. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u01a1i tr\u00fa t\u1ea5t ngh\u1ec9 ch\u01b0n (ch\u00e2n), X\u00e2y th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp tr\u1eadn canh tu\u1ea7n nghi\u00eam trang. Tuy l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea1n ho\u00e0ng, M\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh, m\u1ed9t l\u0169y tr\u1eeb an gi\u1eb7c t\u00e0. \u0110em v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i s\u01a1n h\u00e0, Cho n\u00ean ch\u1ed1n \u1ea5y hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 Long H\u01b0ng\u201d.","Chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i v\u1eeba r\u1ed3i t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201c\u0111\u1ed3n c\u0169 H\u1ed3i Oa\u201d v\u00ec hai l\u00fd do. M\u1ed9t l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 \u201cb\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ecba\u201d, nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda c\u00e2y c\u1ed1i m\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n d\u1ea5u t\u00edch g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u1eafm; hai l\u00e0 t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i d\u00e0nh th\u00ec gi\u1edd nghe k\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 tham quan l\u0103ng \u00f4ng B\u00f5 H\u1eadu - cha nu\u00f4i c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh, \u1edf c\u00e1ch \u201c\u0111\u1ed3n c\u0169 H\u1ed3i Oa\u201d ch\u1eebng n\u1eeda c\u00e2y s\u1ed1. Chuy\u1ec7n k\u1ec3 r\u1eb1ng, n\u0103m \u1ea5y (1787), Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh sa c\u01a1 th\u1ea5t th\u1ebf t\u1eeb Th\u00e1i Lan l\u1ea7n m\u00f2 v\u1ec1 \u201cl\u1eadp chi\u1ebfn khu\u201d \u1edf v\u00f9ng h\u1ebbo l\u00e1nh N\u01b0\u1edbc Xo\u00e1y. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 Tr\u00f9m c\u1ea3 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n M\u1eadu, c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 H\u1eadu, l\u00e0m Tri th\u00e2u (th\u00e2u c\u00e1c s\u1eafc thu\u1ebf) trong v\u00f9ng. Tho\u1ea1t ti\u00ean tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y v\u1ecb thi\u1ebfu v\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eb7c y ph\u1ee5c ho\u00e0ng ph\u00e1i, d\u00e1ng v\u1ebb nho nh\u00e3, n\u00e9t m\u1eb7t c\u01b0\u01a1ng ngh\u1ecb tr\u1ea7m h\u00f9ng, \u00f4ng H\u1eadu h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c c\u1ea3m ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 cho \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u1ecb \u201cch\u01a1n ch\u00faa \u0111ang l\u00fac phong tr\u1ea7n, mai sau thanh v\u00e2n \u0111\u1eafc l\u1ed9, quy\u1ebft ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 ai h\u01a1n n\u1ed5i!\u201d. T\u1eeb h\u00f4m \u1ea5y, \u00f4ng M\u1eadu xu\u1ea5t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n chu c\u1ea5p cho binh s\u0129 c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh v\u00e0 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0ng theo v\u1ec1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 cho v\u1ecb ch\u01a1n ch\u1ee7. R\u00f2ng r\u00e3 ba th\u00e1ng, m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y, t\u1ef1 nh\u00e0 \u00f4ng n\u1ea5u s\u1eb5n c\u01a1m ch\u00e1o, cho ghe ch\u1edf n\u01b0\u1eddm n\u01b0\u1ee3p ra \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0m N\u01b0\u1edbc Xo\u00e1y, c\u00e1ch nh\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0i c\u00e2y s\u1ed1, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf cho quan binh c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3, quan binh c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh y\u00ean t\u00e2m x\u00e2y th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1eafp l\u0169y \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c v\u00e0 l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u chi\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng. Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh xem \u00f4ng Tr\u00f9m c\u1ea3 H\u1eadu nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha nu\u00f4i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh n\u00ean g\u1ecdi \u00f4ng l\u00e0 \u00f4ng B\u00f5 H\u1eadu. D\u00e2n ch\u00fang trong v\u00f9ng noi g\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00f4ng B\u00f5 H\u1eadu theo ph\u00f2 ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f4ng. Ch\u00faa thu d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea3 v\u00e0 chia ra l\u00e0m hai n\u1eeda: m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m h\u01b0\u01a1ng binh, m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda m\u1ea1nh kh\u1ecfe b\u1ed5 sung cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n \u0111i \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1eb9p. G\u1ea7n 1 n\u0103m sau th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m M\u1eadu Th\u00e2n (1788), Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e1m h\u01b0\u01a1ng binh qu\u00e1 kh\u00f3 nh\u1ecdc b\u00e8n h\u1ea1 l\u1ec7nh cho h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea qu\u00e1n ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i. C\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng nh\u00e2n h\u1eadu \u1ea5y, d\u00e2n ch\u00fang v\u00f9ng N\u01b0\u1edbc Xo\u00e1y c\u00e0ng d\u1ed1c l\u00f2ng ph\u00f2 t\u00e1 Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh, gi\u00fap ch\u00faa gi\u1eef v\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng \u201cchi\u1ebfn khu\u201d tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu l\u00e0m c\u0103n b\u1ea3n cho vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ebf sau n\u00e0y. \u00d4ng B\u00f5 H\u1eadu kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng gi\u00fap t\u00e0i l\u1ef1c cho Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh xin d\u00e2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi con g\u00e1i \u00fat c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea7u h\u1ea1 ch\u00faa. Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh r\u1ea5t c\u1ea3m k\u00edch v\u00e0 xin nh\u1eadn l\u1eddi. Nh\u01b0ng ti\u1ebfc thay, ng\u01b0\u1eddi con g\u00e1i \u00fat c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t quan ni\u1ec7m kh\u00e1c. C\u00f4 th\u01b0a v\u1edbi \u00f4ng B\u00f5: \u201cB\u1ea5y l\u00e2u con v\u1eabn c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ebfn Ng\u00e0i nh\u01b0 t\u00ecnh anh em m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, ai c\u0169ng bi\u1ebft cha con ta \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft l\u00f2ng gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 Ng\u00e0i trong l\u00fac b\u00f4n t\u1ea9u, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngh\u0129a c\u1eed cao \u0111\u1eb9p, cha con ta n\u00ean gi\u1eef cho tr\u1ecdn t\u00ecnh cao c\u1ea3. Con xin kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a cha.\u201d Ng\u01b0\u1eddi con g\u00e1i \u00fat c\u1ee7a B\u00f5 H\u1eadu v\u1ec1 sau gi\u1ea3 \u0111i\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 xa l\u00e1nh n\u01a1i tr\u00fa t\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh, r\u1ed3i c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 qua \u0111\u1eddi nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u00ean. Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh th\u1ea5y N\u01b0\u1edbc Xo\u00e1y (H\u1ed3i Oa) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i nh\u00e2n h\u00f2a, \u0111\u1ecba l\u1ee3i, n\u01a1i gi\u00fap cho \u00f4ng trung h\u01b0ng d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i nghi\u1ec7p l\u1edbn, n\u00ean \u00f4ng cho \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean N\u01b0\u1edbc Xo\u00e1y th\u00e0nh Long H\u01b0ng, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean cho c\u00e1c l\u00e0ng x\u00e3 quanh \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u1eef \u201cLong\u201d \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u01b0: Long \u1ea8n, Long Th\u1eafng, Long H\u1eadu... N\u0103m 1802, Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t s\u01a1n h\u00e0, l\u00ean ng\u00f4i ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf, l\u1ea5y ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u Gia Long. Nh\u00e0 vua v\u1eabn nh\u1edb \u01a1n \u00f4ng B\u00f5 H\u1eadu, s\u1eafc phong cho \u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ee9c h\u1ea7u. N\u0103m Gia Long th\u1ee9 8 (1809), \u00f4ng B\u00f5 H\u1eadu qua \u0111\u1eddi, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin vua Gia Long h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c th\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ebfc. Nh\u00e0 vua truy\u1ec1n sai b\u1ed9 C\u00f4ng l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n v\u00e0o Long H\u01b0ng (nay thu\u1ed9c \u1ea5p H\u01b0ng M\u1ef9 T\u00e2y, x\u00e3 Long H\u01b0ng A) x\u00e2y l\u0103ng cho \u00f4ng B\u00f5 H\u1eadu, c\u00e1ch \u201cc\u00e2y \u0111a B\u1ebfn Ng\u1ef1\u201d \u0111\u1ed9 g\u1ea7n 2 km. Nh\u00e2n ti\u1ec7n nh\u00e0 vua x\u00e2y m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i l\u0103ng nh\u1ecf cho c\u00f4 con g\u00e1i \u00fat c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng B\u00f5 ch\u1ebft \u201cv\u00ec \u0111i\u00ean\u201d b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh l\u0103ng th\u00e2n sinh c\u1ee7a b\u00e0. Theo \u00f4ng Hu\u1ef3nh Minh t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 V\u0129nh Long x\u01b0a v\u00e0 nay h\u1ed3i nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 50, \u1edf Ch\u1ee3 L\u1edbn c\u00f3 b\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed1c ph\u1ee7 Ph\u1ea3i ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ch\u1eaft g\u00e1i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng B\u00f5 H\u1eadu. H\u00f4m ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 \u1ea5p H\u01b0ng M\u1ef9 T\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eb7p v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng anh Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1eefu \u00dat - h\u1eadu du\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft d\u00f2ng d\u00f5i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u. Anh \u00dat ch\u00e8o ghe \u0111\u01b0a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i tham quan l\u0103ng \u00f4ng B\u00f5 \u1edf c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00eda sau nh\u00e0 anh \u00dat t\u1ea1i s\u1ed1 36 H\u01b0ng M\u1ef9 T\u00e2y. Ng\u00f4i l\u0103ng r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9 nh\u01b0ng do v\u00e0o m\u00f9a n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1ed5i n\u00ean th\u00e0nh qu\u00e1ch chung quanh \u0111\u1ec1u ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00e1c tr\u1ee5 l\u0103ng th\u1ea5p nh\u01b0ng v\u1ea1m v\u1ee1, \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u1eafp h\u00ecnh b\u00fap sen n\u00f3i l\u00ean t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch cao khi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00f4n trong l\u0103ng. N\u1ea5m m\u1ed9 l\u1edbn, \u0111\u1eafp b\u1eb1ng. \u1ede \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i m\u1ed9 x\u00e2y hai b\u1ee9c b\u00ecnh phong, b\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf b\u1ee9c sau l\u1edbn. B\u00ean ph\u00eda tr\u00e1i l\u0103ng \u00f4ng B\u00f5 H\u1eadu l\u00e0 l\u0103ng con g\u00e1i \u00fat c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng m\u00e0 h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ch\u00fang g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cl\u0103ng b\u00e0 Ho\u00e0ng c\u00f4\u201d, nay \u0111ang b\u1ecb ng\u1eadp trong n\u01b0\u1edbc.","H\u00ecnh 38. L\u0103ng \u201cB\u00e0 Ho\u00e0ng C\u00f4\u201d gi\u1eefa m\u00f9a n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1ed5i. \u1ea2nh N\u0110X. Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac l\u0103ng \u00f4ng B\u00f5 H\u1eadu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec hoa m\u1ef9, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac l\u0103ng m\u1ed9 c\u1ed5 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c vua Nguy\u1ec5n c\u00f2n gi\u1eef t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i nguy\u00ean v\u1eb9n \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9. Ng\u00f4i l\u0103ng ghi d\u1ea5u v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t h\u01b0ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n, n\u00f3 ra \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ea7n 200 n\u0103m (1809-2004), th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u0103m l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb ng\u1eadp trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u1eef tr\u00ean m\u1ed9 bia, tr\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u1ea3m tr\u00ean b\u00ecnh phong, tr\u00ean c\u00e1c tr\u1ee5 l\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t d\u1ea1ng t\u1eeb l\u00e2u khi\u1ebfn cho kh\u00e1ch tham quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ecfi ng\u1eadm ng\u00f9i. \u00d4ng Hu\u1ef3nh Minh (theo S\u0111d), c\u00f3 ghi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3m t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed1c ph\u1ee7 s\u1ee9 Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u0103ng Khoa - ch\u1ee7 qu\u1eadn Lai Vung, m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i th\u01a1 v\u1ecbnh l\u0103ng sau \u0111\u00e2y: V\u00e0o l\u0103ng \u00f4ng B\u00f5 c\u1ea3m t\u00ecnh \u00f4ng. Th\u1ea5y c\u1ea3nh ai kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng. \u0110\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a tuy\u1ebft d\u1ea7m meo m\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3m, N\u1ec1n nh\u01a1n s\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1eafp c\u00e1nh hoa vun. V\u1eebng m\u00e2y l\u00e0m gi\u00fap c\u00e2y t\u00e0ng l\u1ecdng. Ng\u1ecdn gi\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0a gi\u00f9m ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ee9c phong. Th\u1ee9c nguy\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u00e8n soi t\u1ecf r\u1ea1ng. Cho l\u00f2ng tr\u1eddi bi\u1ebft ch\u00fat m\u1ed7 trung. *** Cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, Kinh th\u00e0nh Hu\u1ebf kh\u1edfi x\u00e2y t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i sau hai cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh \u00e1c li\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c UNESCO c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 Di s\u1ea3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i Di s\u1ea3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u1ea5y vua Gia Long khi c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua 26 n\u0103m (1774-1800) n\u1eb1m gai n\u1ebfm m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 \u201cph\u1ee5c qu\u1ed1c\u201d \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9 (k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn t\u00e1 t\u00fac \u1edf Th\u00e1i Lan). Trong 26 n\u0103m \u1ea5y, Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea7n d\u00e2n Nam B\u1ed9 h\u1ebft l\u00f2ng ph\u00f2 t\u00e1 m\u1edbi c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00e0y trung h\u01b0ng nh\u01b0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 ghi. \u0110\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m N\u01b0\u1edbc Xo\u00e1y (H\u1ed3i Oa- Long H\u01b0ng) gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u \u1edf tr\u00ean ch\u1ec9 gi\u1eef","ch\u00e2n Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh trong v\u00f2ng 1 n\u0103m (cu\u1ed1i 1787 \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i 1788). N\u1ebfu d\u00f5i theo b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh su\u1ed1t 26 n\u0103m ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd bi\u1ebft th\u00eam h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba danh kh\u00e1c \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9 g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh. Qua nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n x\u1ea3y ra t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng, ta s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00f2ng d\u00e2n Nam B\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1eadu du\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e3 khai ph\u00e1 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u00ean v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Nam nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, b\u00e0 con Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed9c, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eeba h\u01b0\u1edfng di s\u1ea3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a tri\u1ec1u Nguy\u1ec5n \u1edf Hu\u1ebf ng\u00e0y nay c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u, gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u00ecn gi\u1eef ph\u00e1t huy nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nam B\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi Trung h\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n. N\u00ean ch\u0103ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t tour du l\u1ecbch theo b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2n \u201ct\u1ea9u qu\u1ed1c\u201d c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh - Gia Long \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho tour du l\u1ecbch Hu\u1ebf th\u00eam ph\u1ea7n phong ph\u00fa b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng d\u00e0i l\u00e2u? T\u1ea1i sao kh\u00f4ng? Th\u00e1ng cu\u1ed1i(43), n\u0103m 2004.","\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n \u0111i vi\u1ebfng ch\u00f9a T\u1eeb Hi\u1ebfu t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng qu\u00ean \u0111i v\u00f2ng ra ph\u00eda sau th\u0103m nh\u00e0 H\u1ed9i Th\u1ed1ng- n\u01a1i th\u1edd h\u01b0\u01a1ng linh c\u00e1c Th\u00e1i gi\u00e1m v\u00e0 cung gi\u00e1m qu\u00e1 c\u1ed1. Ngay ph\u00eda tay ph\u1ea3i nh\u00e0 H\u1ed9i Th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7t \u00e1n th\u1edd T\u1ea3 qu\u00e2n L\u00ea V\u0103n Duy\u1ec7t b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed9t con ng\u1ef1a g\u1ed7 r\u1ea5t uy nghi(44). L\u00ea V\u0103n Duy\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t Th\u00e1i gi\u00e1m v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t danh t\u01b0\u1edbng, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u00e0o b\u1eadc nh\u1ea5t th\u1eddi c\u00e1c vua \u0111\u1ea7u tri\u1ec1u Nguy\u1ec5n. V\u00ec th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfc b\u00e0i v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a L\u00ea V\u0103n Duy\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u01a1n son th\u1ebfp v\u00e0ng gi\u1eef k\u00edn trong kh\u00e1m g\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n m\u1edbi nguy\u00ean. V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 12 th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 2001 n\u1ea7y, k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m 200 n\u0103m Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Ph\u00fa Xu\u00e2n, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 hai tr\u0103m n\u0103m L\u00ea V\u0103n Duy\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i qu\u00e2n t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a Ph\u00f2 m\u00e3 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Tr\u1ecb nh\u00e0 T\u00e2y S\u01a1n \u1edf h\u00f2n R\u00f9a (Qui S\u01a1n) ti\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n ra Hu\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i \u1edf Hu\u1ebf bi\u1ebft bao chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1eabm l\u1ec7. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i n\u1ea7y n\u00ean t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i th\u0103m Ph\u1ee7 th\u1edd T\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n L\u00ea V\u0103n Duy\u1ec7t - m\u1ed9t di t\u00edch b\u1ecb l\u00e3ng qu\u00ean \u1edf Hu\u1ebf trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp ni\u00ean qua. Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ecdc s\u00f4ng H\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u1eabn t\u1eeb c\u1ea7u B\u1ea1ch H\u1ed5 l\u00ean ch\u00f9a Thi\u00ean M\u1ee5 ph\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc c\u1ea7u nh\u1ecf \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng ch\u1ee3 Kim Long. Chi\u1ebfc c\u1ea7u n\u1ea7y b\u1eafc qua m\u1ed9t con h\u00f3i (l\u1ea1ch), m\u00f9a n\u1eafng h\u1ea1n l\u00f2ng h\u00f3i kh\u00f4 c\u1ea1n, nh\u01b0ng m\u00f9a m\u01b0a l\u0169 n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y r\u1ea5t h\u1ed7n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 di t\u00edch c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i sau khi con s\u00f4ng Kim Long b\u1ecb vua Gia Long cho b\u1ed3i l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0o s\u00f4ng K\u1ebb V\u1ea1n ch\u1ea1y d\u1ecdc ph\u00eda t\u00e2y kinh th\u00e0nh Hu\u1ebf. N\u1ebfu ta kh\u00f4ng b\u0103ng qua c\u1ea7u m\u00e0 \u0111i theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00e1ng xi-m\u0103ng b\u00ean tay ph\u1ea3i men b\u1edd ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng con h\u00f3i s\u1ebd v\u00e0o x\u00f3m Ph\u00fa M\u1ed9ng thu\u1ed9c l\u00e0ng Ph\u00fa Xu\u00e2n c\u0169. Ph\u1ee7 th\u1edd T\u1ea3 qu\u00e2n L\u00ea V\u0103n Duy\u1ec7t n\u1eb1m l\u1eabn v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t khu v\u01b0\u1eddn r\u1ee3p b\u00f3ng \u1edf \u0111\u00f3. Ph\u1ee7 th\u1edd ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a r\u1ed9ng l\u1eafm, sau bao l\u1ea7n ch\u00e1u ch\u1eaft h\u1ecd L\u00ea c\u1eaft x\u00e9n b\u00e1n b\u1edbt, hi\u1ec7n nay c\u0169ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ebfn 2.880m2. Ph\u1ee7 th\u1edd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 r\u01b0\u1eddng ba gian hai ch\u00e1i nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c Ph\u1ee7 th\u1edd kh\u00e1c \u1edf Hu\u1ebf. Tr\u1ea3i qua h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m tr\u0103m m\u01b0a d\u1ea7m n\u1eafng n\u00f3ng, chi\u1ebfn tranh li\u00ean mi\u00ean, hai ch\u00e1i \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eadp, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u00e1i nh\u00e0 3 gian v\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch 7m x 7m. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1eadu du\u1ec7 \u0111\u1eddi th\u1ee9 10 l\u00e0 L\u00ea Ch\u00e1nh Tu\u1ea5n gi\u1eef Ph\u1ee7 th\u1edd cho bi\u1ebft n\u0103m 1960, \u00f4ng L\u00ea V\u0103n D\u01b0\u01a1ng (\u0111\u1eddi th\u1ee9 8) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi v\u00e0o th\u0103m L\u0103ng \u00d4ng B\u00e0 Chi\u1ec3u \u1edf S\u00e0i G\u00f2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eb7ng 20.000\u0111 \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 tu s\u1eeda Ph\u1ee7 th\u1edd T\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n t\u1ea1i Hu\u1ebf. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n tu s\u1eeda cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. \u0110\u1ebfn nay b\u1ed9 m\u00e1i ng\u00f3i c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ee7 th\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1i t\u00f4n tr\u00f4ng r\u1ea5t thi\u1ec3u n\u00e3o. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1edbi b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2n v\u00e0o s\u00e2n Ph\u1ee7 th\u1edd ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y b\u1ed1n con r\u1ed3ng ng\u0103n m\u1ea5y tam c\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u1ee7 th\u00e0nh ba kho\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng con v\u1eadt ch\u1ea1y t\u1eeb ph\u1ee7 ra \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00e0o kh\u00e1ch v\u1edbi d\u00e1ng v\u1ebb uy nghi. B\u01b0\u1edbc qua d\u1eaby c\u1eeda b\u00e0ng khoa \u1ecdp \u1eb9p v\u00e0o b\u00ean trong th\u1ea5y ngay \u1ea3nh L\u00ea V\u0103n Duy\u1ec7t m\u1eb7c \u00e1o gi\u00e1p, \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9i m\u0169 ch\u00f3p tr\u00f2n \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean \u00e1n th\u1edd \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf gian ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa. T\u1ea5m \u1ea3nh n\u1ea7y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecdc nh\u1ef1a h\u1eb3n hoi v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft c\u0169ng do L\u0103ng \u00d4ng B\u00e0 Chi\u1ec3u g\u1edfi t\u1eb7ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y 5 n\u0103m. Ngo\u00e0i t\u1ea5m \u1ea3nh, hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m l\u00e0 6 c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i treo hai b\u00ean \u00e1n th\u1edd, m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc tr\u00e1p \u0111\u1ef1ng m\u1ea5y t\u1edd s\u1eafc phong c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c vua Duy T\u00e2n v\u00e0 Kh\u1ea3i \u0110\u1ecbnh. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1eef Ph\u1ee7 th\u1edd cho bi\u1ebft th\u00eam tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f2n gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i ch\u00e9n \u0103n c\u01a1m, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f4i \u0111\u0169a ng\u00e0 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc chi\u1ebfu ng\u00e0 do ng\u01b0\u1eddi Chi\u00eam Th\u00e0nh t\u1eb7ng cho L\u00ea V\u0103n Duy\u1ec7t, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng may, sau ti\u1ec7c c\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecd L\u00ea \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00e1c c\u1ed5 v\u1eadt v\u00f4 gi\u00e1 \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0o t\u00fai ai kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft! B\u1ecdn tr\u1ebb con x\u00f3m Ph\u00fa M\u1ed9ng k\u1ec3 r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 l\u1ea7n c\u00e1c ch\u00e1u th\u1ea5y b\u00ean m\u00e9 v\u01b0\u1eddn Ph\u1ee7 th\u1edd n\u1ed5i l\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ed5 to t\u01b0\u1edbng, ch\u00fang thi nhau \u0111\u1eadp m\u00e3i m\u1edbi n\u00e1t h\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tay bu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ed5 \u1edf Hu\u1ebf. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cam k\u1ebft v\u1edbi t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng: \u201cT\u1eeb sau khi h\u1ecd L\u00ea c\u1ee7a T\u1ea3 qu\u00e2n b\u1ecb tru di (1835), c\u00f3 l\u1ebd ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00f4n trong khu v\u01b0\u1eddn \u1ea5y kh\u1ed1i th\u1ee9 n\u1eefa!\u201d. C\u00e1i \u00fd ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m cho t\u00f4i r\u1ee3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u1ea7y n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra trong khu v\u01b0\u1eddn Ph\u1ee7 th\u1edd n\u1ea7y. Nh\u01b0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u00f2n ghi r\u00f5 L\u00ea V\u0103n Duy\u1ec7t xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t Th\u00e1i gi\u00e1m tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i, s\u1edbm \u0111\u1ee9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1edd c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ee5c qu\u1ed1c cho d\u00f2ng h\u1ecd Nguy\u1ec5n. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi trung th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tri\u1ec1u Nguy\u1ec5n. Nh\u01b0ng sau khi \u00f4ng m\u1ea5t (1832), con nu\u00f4i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 L\u00ea V\u0103n Kh\u00f4i n\u1ed5i d\u1eady chi\u1ebfm th\u00e0nh Phan An ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh l\u00e0m cho quan qu\u00e2n nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n ph\u1ea3i hao binh t\u1ed5n t\u01b0\u1edbng trong m\u1ea5y n\u0103m tr\u1eddi m\u1edbi d\u1eb9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. B\u00e8 \u0111\u1ea3ng L\u00ea V\u0103n Kh\u00f4i b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft s\u1ea1ch, con ch\u00e1u h\u1ecd L\u00ea th\u00e2n thu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a T\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb tru di, ch\u00ednh l\u0103ng m\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng b\u1ecb x\u00edch, v\u00e0 \u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e3nh m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n \u00e1n tr\u1ea3m v\u1edbi 7 t\u1ed9i m\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 ai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi con trai th\u1eeba k\u1ebf","c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 L\u00ea V\u0103n Y\u1ebfn c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi l\u01b0\u1ee1i h\u00e1i c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n tri\u1ec1u. Nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea1i sao gi\u1edd n\u1ea7y v\u1eabn c\u00f2n h\u1eadu du\u1ec7 h\u1ecd L\u00ea lo vi\u1ec7c h\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f3i cho \u00f4ng \u1edf Ph\u1ee7 th\u1edd t\u1ea1i Hu\u1ebf? H\u00ecnh 39. Ph\u1ee7 th\u1edd T\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n L\u00ea V\u0103n Duy\u1ec7t, s\u1ed1 20 Ph\u00fa M\u1ed9ng, Kim Long, Hu\u1ebf. \u1ea2nh c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ee7 th\u1edd. V\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u l\u00fd do vua Minh M\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi L\u00ea V\u0103n Duy\u1ec7t, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vua T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c - ch\u00e1u n\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a vua Minh M\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ch\u00e1u ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng Ph\u1ea1m \u0110\u0103ng, Nam K\u1ef3, do \u0111\u00f3 vua T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 cho ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 L\u00ea V\u0103n Duy\u1ec7t - ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e2n Nam k\u1ef3 qu\u00fd tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb tru\u1ea5t. Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1879, vua T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c c\u00f2n c\u1ea5p th\u00eam ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1edd t\u1ef1 T\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n (\u0110NTL, tr. 34, 271). May m\u1eafn nh\u1ea5t cho h\u1ecd L\u00ea c\u1ee7a T\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi em ru\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 L\u00ea V\u0103n Phong - ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eebng gi\u1eef Ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac \u0110\u1ea3m h\u1ed3i \u1edf Nam k\u1ef3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vua Minh M\u1ea1ng sau n\u1ea7y r\u1ea5t nh\u1edb \u01a1n. L\u00ea V\u0103n Duy\u1ec7t l\u00e0 th\u00e1i gi\u00e1m n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 con. \u00d4ng l\u1ea5y L\u00ea V\u0103n Y\u1ebfn l\u00e0m con th\u1eeba t\u1ef1. Vua Minh M\u1ea1ng cho em g\u00e1i m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Ng\u1ecdc Ng\u00f4n (sinh 11\/8\/1804) h\u1ea1 gi\u00e1 cho L\u00ea V\u0103n Y\u1ebfn (v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1823). B\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Ng\u1ecdc Ng\u00f4n v\u00e0 Ph\u00f2 m\u00e3 \u0110\u00f4 \u00fay L\u00ea V\u0103n Y\u1ebfn sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi con trai. Sau khi Ph\u00f2 m\u00e3 Y\u1ebfn ch\u1ebft (1835) theo c\u00e1i \u00e1n c\u1ee7a L\u00ea V\u0103n Duy\u1ec7t, ba ng\u01b0\u1eddi con trai c\u1ee7a Tr\u01b0\u1edfng C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Ng\u1ecdc Ng\u00f4n tho\u00e1t ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ebfn nay v\u1eeba \u0111\u00fang m\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi. Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa n\u00e0ng d\u00e2u (th\u1eeba t\u1ef1) c\u1ee7a T\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n L\u00ea V\u0103n Duy\u1ec7t c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7y n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft. B\u00e0 l\u00e0 con vua Gia Long v\u1edbi b\u00e0 L\u00ea Th\u1ecb Ng\u1ecdc B\u00ecnh t\u1ee9c b\u00e0 l\u00e0 ch\u00e1u ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a vua L\u00ea. M\u1eb9 b\u00e0 (b\u00e0 Ng\u1ecdc B\u00ecnh) tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u1ea5y vua Gia Long t\u1eebng l\u00e0m v\u1ee3 vua Quang To\u1ea3n nh\u00e0 T\u00e2y S\u01a1n m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eb7ng cho c\u00e2u ca dao: \u201cS\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e2u c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng \/ Con vua m\u00e0 l\u1ea5y hai ch\u1ed3ng l\u00e0m vua\u201d. (Con g\u00e1i vua L\u00ea l\u1ea5y vua Quang To\u1ea3n r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i l\u1ea5y vua Gia Long). B\u00e0 l\u1ea5y ch\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 13 n\u0103m (1823-1835) th\u00ec v\u00f4 c\u1edb ch\u1ed3ng b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft v\u00ec m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng b\u00e0. Ch\u1ed3ng ch\u1ebft b\u00e0 \u1edf v\u1eady th\u1edd ch\u1ed3ng nu\u00f4i con. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vua T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c, b\u00e0 Ng\u1ecdc Ng\u00f4n l\u00e0 b\u00e0 c\u00f4 ru\u1ed9t (em \u00f4ng n\u1ed9i). Nh\u00e0 vua th\u1ea5y b\u00e0 c\u00f4 an ph\u1eadn gi\u1eef ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi ch\u1ed3ng n\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 7 (1854), nh\u00e0 vua phong cho b\u00e0 l\u00e0 An Ngh\u0129a Th\u00e1i th\u00e1i tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f4ng ch\u00faa(45). Hai n\u0103m sau (1856) b\u00e0 m\u1ea5t, th\u1ecd 53 tu\u1ed5i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ecdn t\u00ean th\u1ee5y l\u00e0 Trinh L\u1ec7. C\u00e1i t\u00ean th\u1ee5y Trinh L\u1ec7 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eafng cay n\u1ea7y. B\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa An Ngh\u0129a Ng\u1ecdc Ng\u00f4n c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a T\u1ea3 qu\u00e2n L\u00ea V\u0103n Duy\u1ec7t. Qu\u00ean \u01a1n b\u00e0 l\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 l\u00f2ng T\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u00e9n h\u01b0\u01a1ng cho T\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 cho b\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa v\u1edbi ch\u1eef trinh \u0111\u1ea7y n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft. T\u00f4i hy v\u1ecdng nh\u00e0 th\u1edd T\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n nay s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m tr\u00f9ng tu v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n sau kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eafp h\u01b0\u01a1ng cho T\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng b\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa mang hai d\u00f2ng m\u00e1u L\u00ea Nguy\u1ec5n m\u00e0 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n kh\u00e1ch y\u00eau Hu\u1ebf, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n vi\u1ebfng th\u0103m L\u0103ng \u00d4ng B\u00e0 Chi\u1ec3u t\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed","Minh.","\u0110i vi\u1ebfng nh\u00e0 th\u1edd - l\u0103ng m\u1ed9 C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Qui \u0110\u1ee9c & Ph\u00f2 m\u00e3 Ph\u1ea1m Thu\u1eadt \u1edf Hu\u1ebf Nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ebfng c\u00e1c ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 h\u1ecd Ph\u1ea1m \u0110\u0103ng trong \u201cL\u0103ng Ho\u00e0ng Gia\u201d c\u00f3 nh\u00e0 th\u1edd \u0110\u1ee9c Qu\u1ed1c C\u00f4ng Ph\u1ea1m \u0110\u0103ng H\u01b0ng \u1edf G\u00f2 C\u00f4ng (Ti\u1ec1n Giang), ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i: \u201cNgo\u00e0i c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u00e1ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 l\u0103ng Ph\u00f2 m\u00e3 Ph\u1ea1m Thu\u1eadt - con \u00fat c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Qu\u1ed1c C\u00f4ng - t\u00e1ng ngo\u00e0i Kinh theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Qui \u0110\u1ee9c. Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 2011, \u00f4ng Ph\u00f2 m\u1ea5t v\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00fang 150 n\u0103m (1861-2011)\u201d. L\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn l\u00e0m cho t\u00f4i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y th\u1eb9n. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Qui \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0 Ph\u00f2 m\u00e3 Ph\u1ea1m Thu\u1eadt in trong cu\u1ed1n Chuy\u1ec7n n\u1ed9i cung c\u00e1c vua tri\u1ec1u Nguy\u1ec5n m\u1ea5y ch\u1ee5c n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed3i nh\u01b0ng \u1edf Hu\u1ebf nhi\u1ec1u chuy\u1ec7n vua ch\u00faa qu\u00e1 n\u00ean t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng t\u00e0i n\u00e0o nh\u1edb h\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c m\u1ed1c l\u1ecbch s\u1eed li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ecd. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 ch\u1eefa th\u1eb9n cho m\u00ecnh, t\u00f4i t\u1ef1 h\u1ee9a khi v\u1ec1 l\u1ea1i Hu\u1ebf th\u1ebf n\u00e0o t\u00f4i c\u0169ng \u0111i th\u0103m Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd - l\u0103ng m\u1ed9 C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Qui \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0 Ph\u00f2 m\u00e3 Ph\u1ea1m Thu\u1eadt. C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Qui \u0110\u1ee9c t\u00ean th\u1eadt l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac V\u0129nh Trinh (1824 - 1892) t\u1ef1 Tr\u1ecdng Khanh, hi\u1ec7u Nguy\u1ec7t \u0110\u00ecnh, ho\u00e0ng n\u1eef th\u1ee9 m\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e1m c\u1ee7a vua Minh M\u1ea1ng. B\u00e0 l\u00e0 em c\u00f9ng m\u1eb9 v\u1edbi Mi\u00ean Th\u1ea9m T\u00f9ng Thi\u1ec7n V\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ch\u1ecb c\u1ee7a hai C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng hay th\u01a1 Mai Am v\u00e0 Hu\u1ec7 Ph\u1ed1.","H\u00ecnh 40. \u0110o\u1ea1n m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u1ec3u truy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Qui \u0110\u1ee9c V\u0129nh Trinh trong \u0110\u1ea1i Nam li\u1ec7t truy\u1ec7n, nh\u1ecb t\u1eadp, Q.3, tr.13. Thu\u1edf nh\u1ecf b\u00e0 \u1edf trong cung. L\u1edbn l\u00ean, b\u00e0 c\u00f9ng hai em Mai Am v\u00e0 Hu\u1ec7 Ph\u1ed1 theo m\u1eb9 l\u00e0 b\u00e0 Th\u1ee5c t\u00e2n Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb B\u1eedu (1801 - 1851) ra \u1edf Ti\u00eau Vi\u00ean trong ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a anh trai l\u00e0 Mi\u00ean Th\u1ea9m b\u00ean b\u1edd s\u00f4ng L\u1ee3i N\u00f4ng. V\u1ed1n th\u00f4ng minh, ham \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch, l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c anh Mi\u00ean Th\u1ea9m ch\u1ec9 b\u1ea3o n\u00ean Qui \u0110\u1ee9c s\u1edbm l\u00e0u th\u00f4ng kinh truy\u1ec7n. N\u0103m 1850, b\u00e0 \u201ch\u1ea1 gi\u00e1\u201d cho \u00f4ng Ph\u1ea1m Thu\u1eadt - ng\u01b0\u1eddi G\u00f2 C\u00f4ng, con trai \u00fat c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Qu\u1ed1c C\u00f4ng Ph\u1ea1m \u0110\u0103ng H\u01b0ng, em b\u00e0 Ph\u1ea1m Th\u1ecb H\u1eb1ng (t\u1ee9c b\u00e0 T\u1eeb D\u0169, v\u1ee3 vua Thi\u1ec7u Tr\u1ecb, m\u1eb9 vua T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c). Hai v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng s\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac, x\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1ecda t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1eafc, sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi con g\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0","Uy\u1ec3n La (sinh n\u0103m 1857). \u0110\u1ebfn m\u00f9a thu n\u0103m 1858, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp tay c\u1ee7a b\u1ecdn gi\u00e1o gian, \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm c\u1ea3ng \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p chinh ph\u1ee5c Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Ch\u00fang b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n ta ph\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng, c\u1ea7m ch\u00e2n ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7. Chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u su\u1ed1t m\u1ed9t n\u0103m ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e2m m\u01b0u ti\u1ebfn ra kinh \u0111\u00f4 Hu\u1ebf. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ra Hu\u1ebf, ch\u00fang quay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm Gia \u0110\u1ecbnh \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam. \u0110\u1ea5t Nam K\u1ef3 n\u1ed5i d\u1eady ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p. N\u0103m 1861, vua T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c b\u00ed m\u1eadt c\u1eed \u00f4ng c\u1eadu ru\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 Ph\u00f2 m\u00e3 Ph\u1ea1m Thu\u1eadt - ch\u1ed3ng b\u00e0 Qui \u0110\u1ee9c, v\u00e0o Nam \u201cth\u00e1m s\u00e1t\u201d t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh. Kh\u00f4ng may khi m\u1edbi \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn Bi\u00ean H\u00f2a, Ph\u00f2 m\u00e3 l\u00e2m b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 qua \u0111\u1eddi. Hay tin vua T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ebfc, truy t\u1eb7ng cho Ph\u00f2 m\u00e3 h\u00e0m Quang L\u1ed9c t\u1ef1 khanh. Nh\u00e0 vua h\u1ecfi C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Qui \u0110\u1ee9c: - B\u00e0 C\u00f4 mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0a quan c\u1eedu Ph\u00f2 m\u00e3 v\u1ec1 ngay hay \u0111\u1ee3i cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi xong vi\u1ec7c, d\u00f9ng thuy\u1ec1n ch\u1edf v\u1ec1 Kinh ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee9 \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ec1 Gia \u0110\u1ecbnh an t\u00e1ng, cho t\u00e2u r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 t\u00ecnh! C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa li\u1ec1n d\u00e2ng bi\u1ec3u xin cho tr\u1ea1m \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ec1 Kinh. Vua xem bi\u1ec3u th\u1ea5y t\u00ecnh t\u1ee9 ai thi\u1ebft, chu\u1ea9n cho. Vua ban chi\u1ebfu c\u1ea5p cho phu tr\u1ea1m \u0111\u01b0a quan t\u00e0i Ph\u1ea1m Thu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 Kinh. C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa l\u00e0m sanh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea1nh m\u1ed9 \u00f4ng Ph\u00f2 m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u1edf. T\u1eeb \u1ea5y, b\u00e0 th\u1ec1 trong t\u00e2m, kh\u00f3c \u0111\u1ebfn ra m\u00e1u m\u1eaft. M\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh \u1edf ch\u1ed1n c\u00f4 ph\u00f2ng, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m kh\u00f4ng ra kh\u1ecfi c\u1eeda, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta khen C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa l\u00e0 kh\u1ed5 ti\u1ebft. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 n\u1ed7i kh\u1ed5 \u0111au b\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi c\u00f4 con g\u00e1i Uy\u1ec3n La, nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i \u201ch\u1ecda v\u00f4 \u0111\u01a1n ch\u00ed\u201d, sau khi \u00f4ng Ph\u00f2 qua \u0111\u1eddi \u00edt l\u00e2u, Uy\u1ec3n La c\u0169ng m\u1ea5t. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Qui \u0110\u1ee9c th\u1ee7 ti\u1ebft, nu\u00f4i ch\u00e1u l\u00e0 Ph\u1ea1m \u0110\u0103ng T\u1ea5n (con c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh \u00f4ng Thu\u1eadt l\u00e0 Ph\u1ea1m \u0110\u0103ng Thi\u1ec7u) l\u00e0m th\u1eeba t\u1ef1, nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i th\u1ea5y T\u1ea5n v\u00f4 h\u1ea1nh, b\u00e0 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf, t\u1ef1 d\u1ef1ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ri\u00eang \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9 ch\u1ed3ng s\u1ed1ng qua ng\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m \u1ea4t H\u1ee3i (1875), noi g\u01b0\u01a1ng C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Ng\u1ecdc C\u01a1(46) - con g\u00e1i th\u1ee9 13 c\u1ee7a vua Gia Long, b\u00e0 t\u00e2u xin vua T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c ch\u1ecdn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e2n ch\u1ea5t \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m Gi\u00e1m t\u1ef1. Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Hy l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong x\u00e3 D\u01b0\u01a1ng Xu\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao lo li\u1ec7u h\u1eadu s\u1ef1 cho b\u00e0. V\u1ec1 sau Ng\u1ecdc Hy ch\u1ebft m\u00e0 con c\u00f2n nh\u1ecf n\u00ean b\u00e0 nh\u1edd ch\u00e1u g\u1ecdi b\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4 l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac H\u1ed3ng Cao (con c\u1ee7a T\u00f9ng Thi\u1ec7n V\u01b0\u01a1ng Mi\u00ean Th\u1ea9m) tr\u00f4ng coi vi\u1ec7c c\u00fang c\u1ea5p. Ba n\u0103m sau, con c\u1ee7a Hy l\u00e0 Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc T\u00fay tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn l\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c t\u1ebf t\u1ef1. N\u0103m T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 20 (1876), b\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phong Qui \u0110\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng ch\u00faa. C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Qui \u0110\u1ee9c m\u1ea5t ng\u00e0y 22 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m Nh\u00e2m Th\u00ecn (18 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 1892) tri\u1ec1u Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i, h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ecd 68 tu\u1ed5i, t\u00e1ng chung m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7 v\u1edbi ch\u1ed3ng, c\u00f3 t\u00ean th\u1ee5y l\u00e0 Cung Th\u1ee5c. Sau khi \u201ch\u1ea1 gi\u00e1\u201d cho Ph\u00f2 m\u00e3 Ph\u1ea1m Thu\u1eadt, C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi ch\u1ed3ng \u1edf khu v\u01b0\u1eddn ph\u00eda sau \u0110\u1ee9c Qu\u1ed1c C\u00f4ng T\u1eeb g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00eda t\u00e2y c\u1ea7u B\u1ea1ch H\u1ed5 hay \u1edf n\u01a1i n\u00e0o th\u00ec ch\u01b0a ai r\u00f5. Ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft sau khi \u00f4ng Ph\u00f2 m\u00e3 m\u1ea5t (1861), b\u00e0 \u201cd\u1ef1ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ri\u00eang \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9 ch\u1ed3ng\u201d t\u1ea1i ph\u00eda nam n\u00fai D\u1eabn Khi\u00eam (ti\u1ec1n \u00e1n c\u1ee7a l\u0103ng vua T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c) \u0111\u1ec3 \u1edf. Chung quanh t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 (c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cPh\u1ee7 Qui \u0110\u1ee9c C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa\u201d), tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau n\u0103m 1885 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c v\u01b0\u1eddn nh\u00e0n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c em kh\u00e1c m\u1eb9 v\u1edbi b\u00e0 nh\u01b0 \u201cH\u1ecdc b\u1ea1n tinh x\u00e1\u201d c\u1ee7a Ho\u1eb1ng H\u00f3a Qu\u1eadn V\u01b0\u01a1ng Mi\u00ean Tri\u1ec7n (1833-1905), v\u01b0\u1eddn c\u1ee7a C\u1ea9m Giang Qu\u1eadn C\u00f4ng Mi\u00ean V\u0103n (1832-1895), v\u01b0\u1eddn L\u1ea1c T\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ch\u00e1u b\u00e0 l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac H\u1ed3ng Kh\u1eb3ng (1861-1931)... Ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u201cb\u1ecdn cung n\u1eef \u1edf trong N\u1ed9i ra h\u1ecdc\u201d. Hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi con g\u00e1i c\u1ee7a Ho\u1eb1ng H\u00f3a Qu\u1eadn V\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 \u00day \u0110\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3ng Canh t\u1eeb l\u00fac n\u0103m s\u00e1u tu\u1ed5i cho \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m m\u01b0\u1eddi hai m\u01b0\u1eddi ba tu\u1ed5i \u1edf v\u1edbi cha t\u1ea1i \u201cH\u1ecdc b\u1ea1n tinh x\u00e1\u201d c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qua \u0111\u00e2y h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi \u201c\u0110\u1ee9c c\u00f4\u201d. Nh\u1edd th\u1ebf m\u00e0 sau n\u1ea7y (1924), b\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3ng Canh khi \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o \u0110\u1ea1m Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1eef s\u1eed n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i t\u00ecm th\u0103m c\u1ea3nh c\u0169 vi\u1ebft n\u00ean b\u00e0i \u201cCung h\u1eadu Qui \u0110\u1ee9c C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa t\u1eeb k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m(47)\u201d h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng. Nh\u1eefng ai \u0111i tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng L\u00ea Ng\u00f4 C\u00e1t d\u1eabn t\u1eeb ph\u00eda tay ph\u1ea3i \u0110\u00e0n Nam Giao h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00ean l\u0103ng T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c, khi \u0111i qua c\u1ed5ng r\u1ebd v\u00e0o ch\u00f9a T\u1eeb Hi\u1ebfu v\u00e0i ch\u1ee5c m\u00e9t n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd th\u00ec th\u1ea5y ngay s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 87 \u1edf ph\u00eda b\u00ean kia \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9n hi\u1ec7n sau v\u00e0i g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y b\u00f3ng m\u00e1t c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 c\u1ed5 m\u1ed9t gian hai ch\u00e1i c\u0169 n\u00e1t r\u00eau phong\u2026 \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 Ph\u1ee7 Qui \u0110\u1ee9c C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a. V\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u0169 n\u00e1t v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 nh\u1ecf n\u00ean ch\u1eb3ng m\u1ea5y ai bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 gh\u00e9 th\u0103m. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i, b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2n v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e2y, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u1ed5 n\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eafm ch\u00ecm trong kh\u00f4ng gian \u1ea3o c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n trong t\u00e2m tr\u00ed t\u00f4i. T\u00f4i d\u00f5i theo b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2n h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn trong s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1m Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1eef s\u1eed.","H\u00ecnh 41. Ph\u1ebf t\u00edch Ph\u1ee7 Qui \u0110\u1ee9c C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa \u1edf Th\u00f4n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng 2, x\u00e3 Th\u1ee7y Xu\u00e2n, nh\u1eb1m s\u1ed1 87 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng L\u00ea Ng\u00f4 C\u00e1t, TP. Hu\u1ebf. \u1ea2nh N\u0110X. Ng\u00e0y \u1ea5y, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ebf t\u00edch n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c b\u00ecnh phong kh\u1ea3m ba ch\u1eef \u201cT\u00fac Ung vi\u00ean\u201d (v\u01b0\u1eddn k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng s\u1ef1 h\u00f2a thu\u1eadn). D\u1ecdc theo h\u00e0nh lang tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 \u201ck\u1ef3 hoa d\u1ecb th\u1ea3o\u201d nh\u01b0 b\u00edch \u0111\u00e0o, d\u1ea1 h\u1ee3p, l\u1ee5c ng\u1ea1c, t\u1ef3 b\u00e0. B\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o trong nh\u00e0 t\u00f4i t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5y C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa \u0111ang ng\u1ed3i nh\u00ecn ra c\u1eeda k\u00ednh, khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t thanh t\u00fa th\u00f9y m\u1ecb, hai tai l\u1ee7ng l\u1eb3ng \u0111\u00f4i tr\u00e2m v\u00e0ng, l\u00f3ng l\u00e1nh d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u00e1i t\u00f3c m\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u00e0 \u0111en. Ch\u1ed7 ng\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa, \u201cm\u1ed9t b\u00ean l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 s\u00e1ch, m\u1ed9t b\u00ean l\u00e0 \u00e1n th\u01b0, sau l\u01b0ng ch\u1ea5n ngang m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c tr\u1ea5n phong, s\u00e1u c\u00e1nh tranh c\u0169\u201d. \u201cK\u1ebb h\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea1 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u1ef1c sau tranh m\u00e0 th\u00f4i\u201d. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1m \u201ch\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 con g\u00e1i\u201d ng\u1ed3i h\u1ecdc tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfc chi\u1ebfu tr\u1ea3i gi\u1eefa nh\u00e0. B\u1ee9c tranh l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc n\u1eef sinh x\u01b0a th\u1eadt \u0111\u1eb9p. C\u0169ng ch\u00ednh n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a con tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 ch\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 ra \u0111\u1eddi. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 Thi t\u1eadp Nguy\u1ec7t \u0110\u00ecnh v\u1edbi b\u00e0i T\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a Tuy L\u00fd V\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ea5t n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng. Nh\u01b0ng trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf\u2026 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u1ea5y c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 h\u01a1n 120 n\u0103m, nay c\u00f2n g\u00ec n\u1eefa \u0111\u00e2u! Ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 r\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ed9t gian hai ch\u00e1i c\u1eeda ng\u00f5 x\u1eadp x\u1ec7, m\u00e1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ee3p ng\u00f3i v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c l\u1ed7 th\u1ee7ng, m\u00e1i sau che t\u00f4n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ed5i n\u1eafng m\u01b0a \u0111\u1ed5 xu\u1ed1ng ba c\u00e1i b\u00e0n th\u1edd k\u00ea s\u00e1t t\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1eb7t h\u1eadu trong nh\u00e0. T\u00f4i th\u1eafp h\u01b0\u01a1ng cho \u00f4ng b\u00e0 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi con g\u00e1i trong kh\u00f4ng gian s\u1eb7c m\u00f9i \u1ea9m m\u1ed1c r\u1ed3i \u0111i v\u00f2ng ra ph\u00eda v\u01b0\u1eddn sau. Khu v\u01b0\u1eddn \u0111\u1ed3i tr\u1ed3ng s\u1eafn chen gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng v\u1ed3ng khoai, c\u00e2y c\u1ecf um t\u00f9m. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia, hai b\u00ean khu v\u01b0\u1eddn c\u00f3 hai d\u00e3y v\u1ea3i (L\u1ec7 chi), m\u1ed7i d\u00e3y m\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e1m g\u1ed1c, c\u00e0nh l\u00e1 v\u01b0\u01a1n ra, v\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00edt v\u00e0o nhau t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i v\u00f2m xanh m\u00e1t m\u00e0 l\u00fac sinh th\u1eddi C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201c\u0110\u1ed9ng L\u1ec7 Chi\u201d. C\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00f3 n\u1ed1i ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 th\u1edd v\u1edbi khu l\u0103ng m\u1ed9 hai \u00f4ng b\u00e0 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi con g\u00e1i \u1edf cu\u1ed1i v\u01b0\u1eddn. \u201cTrong b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o H\u00e1n t\u1ef1\u201d, L\u1ec7 chi (v\u1ea3i) c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u201cTh\u1eadp b\u00e1t n\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d (m\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e1m b\u00e0 ho\u00e0ng). C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Qui \u0110\u1ee9c l\u00e0 con g\u00e1i th\u1ee9 m\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e1m c\u1ee7a vua Minh M\u1ea1ng, \u00f4ng Ph\u00f2 m\u00e3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi con th\u1ee9 m\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e1m c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Qu\u1ed1c C\u00f4ng Ph\u1ea1m \u0110\u0103ng H\u01b0ng. C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa ch\u1ecdn tr\u1ed3ng m\u1ed7i b\u00ean m\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e1m c\u00e2y v\u1ea3i l\u00e0 do c\u00e1i t\u00edch \u1ea5y. Tr\u1ed3ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u201cc\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4i c\u00f3 l\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee1 n\u1ed7i t\u1ecbch m\u1ecbch\u201d, C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa t\u1eebng n\u00f3i v\u1edbi h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 \u0110\u1ed3ng Canh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.","H\u00ecnh 42. Khu l\u0103ng m\u1ed9 C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Qui \u0110\u1ee9c, Ph\u00f2 m\u00e3 Ph\u1ea1m Thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u01a1ng Uy\u1ec3n La. \u1ea2nh N\u0110X. Khu v\u01b0\u1eddn r\u1ed9ng tr\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3nh r\u1eebng hoang. C\u00e2y c\u1ecf um t\u00f9m. Ph\u1ea7n x\u00e2y l\u0103ng m\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa v\u00e0 Ph\u00f2 m\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 chi\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i, n\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 m\u1edbi chen l\u1ea5n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. V\u00f2ng th\u00e0nh bao quanh khu l\u0103ng m\u1ed9 cao ch\u1eebng 1m, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 g\u1ea7n h\u1ebft. C\u1eeda ch\u00ednh v\u00e0o l\u0103ng quay c\u00f9ng h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 th\u1edd nh\u00ecn ra \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng L\u00ea Ng\u00f4 C\u00e1t. B\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o khu l\u0103ng g\u1eb7p ngay c\u00e1i nh\u00e0 bia, cao, uy nghi, ch\u1ee9a t\u1ea5m bia Th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1o do T\u00f9ng Thi\u1ec7n V\u01b0\u01a1ng Mi\u00ean Th\u1ea9m vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Ph\u00f2 m\u00e3 Ph\u1ea1m Thu\u1eadt v\u1edbi Th\u00e1i tr\u01b0\u1edfng C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Qui \u0110\u1ee9c. B\u00ean tay ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u00f4i ti\u1ec3u m\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u01a1ng Uy\u1ec3n La.","H\u00ecnh 43. Bia \u201cTh\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1o\u201d tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u0103ng m\u1ed9 Ph\u00f2 m\u00e3 Ph\u1ea1m Thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Qui \u0110\u1ee9c do T\u00f9ng Thi\u1ec7n V\u01b0\u01a1ng Mi\u00ean Th\u1ea9m so\u1ea1n. \u1ea2nh N\u0110X. Sau nh\u00e0 bia g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c b\u00ecnh phong th\u1ea5p ch\u1eafn ngang c\u1eeda ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 khu m\u1ed9. \u0110i v\u00f2ng qua b\u00ecnh phong g\u1eb7p ba c\u00e1i th\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng nhau, cao qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac gi\u1ed1ng nhau. C\u00e1i th\u1ea5t ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1ef1ng hai t\u1ea5m bia nh\u1ecf ghi r\u00f5 bia c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa v\u00e0 bia c\u1ee7a Ph\u00f2 m\u00e3 Ph\u1ea1m Thu\u1eadt, hai c\u00e1i ph\u00eda sau l\u00e0 m\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa v\u00e0 m\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Ph\u00f2 m\u00e3 h\u1ecd Ph\u1ea1m.","H\u00ecnh 44. Hai trong ba c\u00e1i th\u1ea5t che ch\u1edf hai t\u1ea5m bia v\u00e0 m\u1ed9 Ph\u00f2 m\u00e3 Ph\u1ea1m Thu\u1eadt. \u1ea2nh N\u0110X. \u0110\u1ee9ng ng\u1eafm khu l\u0103ng ch\u00ecm n\u1ed5i gi\u1eefa khu v\u01b0\u1eddn hoang, t\u00f4i c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c tranh phong c\u1ea3nh, c\u00e2y, c\u1ecf, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac r\u1ea5t h\u00e0i h\u00f2a, r\u1ea5t th\u01a1. N\u1ed7i bu\u1ed3n \u201cph\u1ebf t\u00edch\u201d trong t\u00f4i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00f3e l\u00ean \u0111\u00f4i n\u00e9t \u00eam \u00e1i, d\u1ecbu d\u00e0ng. Tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 th\u1edd, t\u00f4i h\u1ecfi chuy\u1ec7n \u00f4ng Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Ch\u00e2u c\u00f3 nh\u00e0 \u1edf ch\u1ebfch b\u00ean tr\u00e1i ph\u00eda sau \u201cNh\u00e0 th\u1edd\u201d. \u00d4ng Ch\u00e2u l\u00e0 h\u1eadu du\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Hy \u2013 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Qui \u0110\u1ee9c ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0m Gi\u00e1m t\u1ef1. Ng\u1ecdc Ch\u00e2u l\u00e0m th\u1ee3 n\u1ec1, anh \u00f4ng l\u00e0 Ng\u1ecdc C\u00f4ng l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n C\u00f4ng ty C\u1ea5p tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f3 nh\u00e0 \u1edf ph\u00eda tay ph\u1ea3i nh\u00e0 th\u1edd, s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng L\u00ea Ng\u00f4 C\u00e1t. Ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a (tr\u01b0\u1edbc 1975) Ng\u1ecdc Ch\u00e2u hay theo \u00f4ng n\u1ed9i Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea3o v\u1ec1 l\u00e0ng D\u00e3 L\u00ea thu ti\u1ec1n ru\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u Nguy\u1ec5n c\u1ea5p cho C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa \u0111\u1ec3 lo ba c\u00e1i gi\u1ed7 (\u00f4ng, b\u00e0 v\u00e0 c\u00f4 con g\u00e1i), c\u00f2n ch\u00fat \u0111\u1ec9nh d\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 tu s\u1eeda nh\u00e0 th\u1edd. Nh\u01b0ng sau n\u0103m 1975 ti\u1ec1n ru\u1ed9ng d\u00e0nh cho b\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n n\u1eefa. Hi\u1ec7n nay hai anh em \u00f4ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ee7 nu\u00f4i gia \u0111\u00ecnh, h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m d\u00f9 \u0111\u01a1n s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u c\u0169ng lo cho ba c\u00e1i gi\u1ed7, ngo\u00e0i ra kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee1 s\u1ef1 xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 th\u1edd. Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u hay \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eady! \u0110\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Qui \u0110\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng ch\u00faa, chuy\u1ec7n c\u0169, chuy\u1ec7n m\u1edbi r\u1ed9n r\u00e0ng trong t\u00e2m tr\u00ed t\u00f4i. N\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 l\u1ebd b\u00e0 T\u1eeb D\u0169 v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u quan ch\u1ee9c tri\u1ec1u T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u1ec5n \u0111\u01b0a Ph\u00f2 m\u00e3 Ph\u1ea1m Thu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 n\u01a1i an ngh\u1ec9 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng; c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 \u201cth\u1ea5t th\u1ecbnh \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d T\u00f9ng Thi\u1ec7n, Tuy L\u00fd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m em, th\u0103m ch\u1ecb Qui \u0110\u1ee9c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u01a1 v\u0103n tuy\u1ec7t t\u00e1c; c\u00e1c b\u00e0 Tr\u00fac Khanh (Mai Am, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Di\u1ec7u Li\u00ean Thi T\u1eadp), Qu\u00fd Khanh (Hu\u1ec7 Ph\u1ed1, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Hu\u1ec7 Ph\u1ed1 Thi T\u1eadp) \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m ch\u1ecb, nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 g\u00f3a ph\u1ee5 Tr\u1ecdng Khanh (Qui \u0110\u1ee9c, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Nguy\u1ec7t \u0110\u00ecnh Thi T\u1eadp) \u0111\u1ec3 cho Tam Khanh c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e0n h\u00e1t x\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1ecda th\u01a1 v\u0103n. Tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u1ef1a xe l\u00ean v\u1ec1 Khi\u00eam l\u0103ng, ngang qua Ph\u1ee7 C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Qui \u0110\u1ee9c, t\u00f4i ch\u1eafc c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ea7n Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u0103ng Qu\u1ebf, Phan Thanh Gi\u1ea3n, Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Qu\u1ed1c D\u1ee5ng, Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u1ecdng H\u1ee3p\u2026tri\u1ec1u T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 gh\u00e9 qua v\u1ea5n an b\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1edfng C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa - c\u00f4 ru\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a vua T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c; c\u00e1c \u00f4ng ho\u00e0ng Mi\u00ean Tri\u1ec7n (Ho\u1eb1ng H\u00f3a), Mi\u00ean V\u0103n (C\u1ea9m Giang), Tu\u1ea7n v\u0169 H\u1ed3ng Kh\u1eb3ng h\u00e0ng x\u00f3m c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa ch\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 qua l\u1ea1i n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y l\u1eafm l\u1ea7n... Kh\u00f4ng h\u1eb3n l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, m\u00e0 ngay trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, tr\u00ean s\u01b0\u1eddn \u0111\u1ed3i b\u00ean kia \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, ph\u00eda tr\u00e1i l\u00e0 ch\u00f9a T\u1eeb Hi\u1ebfu - c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 T\u1eeb D\u0169; xa xa tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t l\u00e0 l\u0103ng m\u1ed9 T\u00f9ng Thi\u1ec7n V\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 th\u00e2n m\u1eabu \u00f4ng; ph\u00eda b\u00ean tay ph\u1ea3i, s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng L\u00ea Ng\u00f4 C\u00e1t l\u00e0 khu m\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3ng Kh\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, ch\u00eanh ch\u1ebfch ph\u00eda sau c\u00f3 l\u0103ng m\u1ed9 Tr\u1ea7n Th\u00fac Nh\u1eabn - ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi v\u1edbi C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa\u2026 \u00d4i, c\u00f3 n\u01a1i n\u00e0o tr\u00ean x\u1ee9 Hu\u1ebf h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng di t\u00edch v\u0103n h\u00f3a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed mang ch\u1ea5t th\u01a1 nh\u01b0 khu v\u1ef1c Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Qui \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e2u! B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Th\u01a1 Ho\u00e0ng t\u1ed9c Hu\u1ebf, Th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a Tam Khanh (Tr\u1ecdng Khanh, Tr\u00fac Khanh,","Qu\u00fd Khanh) l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1ec3 Ho\u00e0ng t\u1ed9c (Ph\u00f2 m\u00e3 Ph\u1ea1m Thu\u1eadt) \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ch\u1ebft v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p c\u00f2n n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0111\u00f3. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ee3i d\u00e2y v\u00e0ng n\u1ed1i t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng h\u1ecd Nguy\u1ec5n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t Nam B\u1ed9. Sao h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ng\u00e0y th\u01a1 Hu\u1ebf \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y? \u0110\u1ebfn bao gi\u1edd th\u00ec Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Qui \u0110\u1ee9c m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00f9ng tu \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m m\u1ed9t tua du l\u1ecbch sinh th\u00e1i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u0103n h\u00f3a tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t D\u01b0\u01a1ng Xu\u00e2n x\u01b0a? Trong l\u00fac ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i ng\u00e0y mai, t\u00f4i tin nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u0103n h\u00f3a th\u1ebf n\u00e0o r\u1ed3i c\u0169ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i. B\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Tuy L\u00fd V\u01b0\u01a1ng vi\u1ebft trong l\u1eddi t\u1ef1a Nguy\u1ec7t \u0110\u00ecnh thi th\u1ea3o, xin tr\u00edch sau \u0111\u00e2y: \u201cX\u01b0a, ph\u1ea7n n\u01b0\u1edbc V\u1ec7 \u1edf Bi\u1ebfn phong trong kinh Thi, b\u00e0i T\u00e1i Tr\u00ec l\u00e0 th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a phu nh\u00e2n H\u1ee9a M\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng, b\u00e0i H\u00e0 Qu\u1ea3ng l\u00e0 th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a phu nh\u00e2n T\u1ed1ng Ho\u00e0n c\u00f4ng, th\u1ea3y th\u1ea3y ph\u00e1t ra t\u1eeb t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m m\u00e0 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf l\u1ec5 ngh\u0129a, cho n\u00ean qu\u1ed1c s\u1eed khen ng\u1ee3i v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 t\u00f4n s\u00f9ng. Nay vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a ch\u1ecb, nh\u1ea5t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1u ngay ch\u00ednh. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u01a1 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n r\u1ed3i, hu\u1ed1ng chi c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u01a1 n\u1eefa, th\u00ec nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi thu th\u1eadp v\u1ec1 sau m\u00e0 ta bi\u1ebft th\u1ebf n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3, \u1eaft ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00e9p \u0111i in l\u1ea1i v\u00e0i l\u1ea7n sao\u201d(48)! B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u1ea7y thay cho m\u1ed9t n\u00e9n h\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m Ph\u00f2 m\u00e3 Ph\u1ea1m Thu\u1eadt - ch\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Qui \u0110\u1ee9c nh\u00e2n 150 n\u0103m ng\u00e0y \u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1eddi khi \u0111i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c n\u01b0\u1edbc.","ua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i t\u00ean th\u1eadt l\u00e0 B\u1eedu L\u00e2n, sinh n\u0103m 1879, con th\u1ee9 7 c\u1ee7a vua D\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0 b\u00e0 T\u1eeb Minh Phan Th\u1ecb \u0110i\u1ec1u. L\u00ean ng\u00f4i \u1edf tu\u1ed5i v\u1ecb th\u00e0nh ni\u00ean (10 tu\u1ed5i, 1889), vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ea5u v\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft \u0103n ch\u01a1i. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ebfn tu\u1ed5i tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 vua nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecb th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f4 h\u1ed9, \u00f4ng ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean ngai v\u00e0ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m b\u00f9 nh\u00ecn cho Ph\u00e1p b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t d\u00e2n ta m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n nh\u00e0 vua mu\u1ed1n li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi ph\u00e1i \u0110\u00f4ng Du c\u1ea7u vi\u1ec7n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 canh t\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed5i th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p, c\u1ee9u nguy d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. Nh\u01b0ng m\u1ecdi li\u00ean l\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p ph\u00e1t gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n. Nh\u00e0 vua tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i gai tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n, h\u1ecd ch\u1edd c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 tru\u1ea5t ph\u1ebf Ng\u00e0i. Che gi\u1ea5u h\u00e0nh vi ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n \u201c\u0111i\u00ean\u201d nh\u01b0 h\u00e0nh h\u1ea1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh, v\u00f4 c\u1edb qu\u1edf tr\u00e1ch c\u00e1c quan l\u1ea1i chung quanh. T\u01b0\u01a1ng k\u1ebf t\u1ef1u k\u1ebf, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p vin v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea5y c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 vua m\u00e0 tung d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng, nh\u00e0 vua b\u1ecb t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n c\u00f3 l\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean ngai v\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eefa. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1907, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00edn mu\u1ed3i, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1eb1ng c\u1edb trong tay, To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng Broni v\u00e0 Kh\u00e2m s\u1ee9 Trung K\u1ef3 L\u00e9v\u00eaque bu\u1ed9c vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i ph\u1ea3i \u201ct\u1ed1n v\u1ecb\u201d (abdiqu\u00e9) v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a Ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed th\u1ee9 5 V\u0129nh San m\u1edbi 8 tu\u1ed5i, l\u00ean ng\u00f4i. Sau \u0111\u00f3, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e0y vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i v\u00e0o Cap Saint-Jacque (V\u0169ng T\u00e0u) v\u1edbi danh ngh\u0129a \u201c\u0111i ngh\u1ec9 ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh\u201d. H\u00ecnh 45. B\u1ea1ch Dinh \u1edf V\u0169ng T\u00e0u \u201cDinh vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i\u201d. Ngu\u1ed3n b\u01b0u \u1ea3nh c\u0169. Vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ee3 v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f4ng con. Nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p ch\u1ec9 cho ph\u00e9p nh\u00e0 vua \u0111em theo 1 b\u00e0 th\u1ee9 phi, 2 ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed, 1 c\u00f4ng ch\u00faa, v\u00e0 3 cung n\u1eef gi\u00fap vi\u1ec7c. \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nh\u1eb9 b\u1edbt h\u00e0nh vi ph\u1ebf vua n\u01b0\u1edbc Nam, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p giam vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i t\u1ea1i B\u1ea1ch Dinh (Villa Blanche) - m\u1ed9t l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0i cao 19m, c\u00f3 3 t\u1ea7ng, v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 n\u01a1i ngh\u1ec9 m\u00e1t c\u1ee7a To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng Paul Doumer, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1898.","H\u00ecnh 46. C\u00e1c ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed, ho\u00e0ng t\u00f4n con ch\u00e1u vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i d\u1ea1o ch\u01a1i b\u1eb1ng xe ng\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1 V\u0169ng T\u00e0u (1951). \u1ea2nh c\u1ee7a ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed V\u0129nh Gi\u00eau B\u1ea1ch Dinh n\u1eb1m ph\u00eda nam n\u00fai l\u1edbn, tr\u00ean ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Th\u1eafng c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u Nguy\u1ec5n, c\u00e1ch b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng t\u1edbi 50m, cao g\u1ea7n 28m so v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean ti\u1ec1n s\u1ea3nh nh\u00ecn xu\u1ed1ng, ta c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c nh\u01b0 \u0111ang \u1edf tr\u00ean l\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 cao t\u1ea7ng x\u00e2y tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n. T\u1eeb B\u1ea1ch Dinh ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f5i t\u1ea7m m\u1eaft ra xa bao qu\u00e1t c\u1ea3 trung t\u00e2m V\u0169ng T\u00e0u. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi bi\u1ec3n, v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y n\u1eafng \u0111\u1eb9p, nh\u00ecn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00fat m\u1eaft, ranh gi\u1edbi tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eabn h\u00f2a trong m\u1ed9t m\u00e0u xanh ng\u1eaft. B\u1ea1ch Dinh r\u1ea5t sang tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0ng xa l\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 quen s\u1ed1ng trong cung \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u00e0 r\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea5m c\u00fang t\u1eeb bao \u0111\u1eddi nay. S\u1ed1ng trong m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i dinh to l\u1edbn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 7 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi lui t\u1edbi v\u1edbi nhau th\u1eadt l\u00e0 bu\u1ed3n t\u1ebb. Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p c\u1ed1 \u00fd \u0111\u00e0y vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i v\u00e0o ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 Ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u201cc\u00f4 \u0111\u01a1n\u201d, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu khu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p. Qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, v\u1edbi th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u00e2m \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i h\u1ea1 m\u00ecnh vi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u th\u01b0 t\u1eeb xin th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n cho c\u00e1c b\u00e0 th\u1ee9 phi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c con nh\u1ecf c\u00f2n \u1edf Hu\u1ebf v\u00e0o V\u0169ng T\u00e0u \u1edf v\u1edbi Ng\u00e0i. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi Ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng xin t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00ec \u201cm\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u00ec t\u00f4i ti\u00eau kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 (sic)\u201d. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf l\u00e0m nh\u1ee5c vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng th\u01b0 t\u1eeb, b\u00fat t\u00edch c\u1ee7a vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i g\u1edfi cho th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecd l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong V\u0103n kh\u1ed1 b\u00ean ch\u00ednh qu\u1ed1c. Nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edd nh\u1eefng th\u01b0 t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00f9 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e0y bi\u1ec7t x\u1ee9\u201d Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1ea5t t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m, minh m\u1eabn, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n n\u00e0o b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111i\u00ean\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3. S\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3 ph\u01a1i b\u00e0y d\u00e3 t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 tru\u1ea5t ph\u1ebf vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i v\u00ec nh\u00e0 vua kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu l\u00e0m b\u00f9 nh\u00ecn cho h\u1ecd m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.","H\u00ecnh 48. C\u1ef1u ho\u00e0ng Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i v\u00e0 con ch\u00e1u \u1edf V\u0169ng T\u00e0u. \u1ea2nh ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed V\u0129nh Gi\u00eau. Vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 c\u00e1 t\u00ednh nh\u01b0ng gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb. B\u1edfi th\u1ebf trong th\u1eddi gian b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e0y \u1edf Cap Saint-Jacque (V\u00f9ng T\u00e0u) nh\u00e0 vua \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m s\u00e2u \u0111\u1eadm trong l\u00f2ng th\u1ea7n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1916, Ng\u00e0i v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0a qua giam l\u1ecfng \u1edf \u0111\u1ea3o R\u00e9union tr\u00ean \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 d\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0ng t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i v\u1eabn g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi ng\u00f4i B\u1ea1ch Dinh t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n tr\u0103m n\u0103m qua. Ng\u00e0y nay kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n bi\u1ebft B\u1ea1ch Dinh v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ngh\u1ec9 m\u00e1t c\u1ee7a To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n Paul Doumer, m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111a s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng: B\u1ea1ch Dinh l\u00e0 Dinh vua Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i h\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX.","Ph\u1ea7n III. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u N\u0103m 1783, Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh c\u00f3 ch\u1ea1y ra C\u00f4n \u0110\u1ea3o hay kh\u00f4ng? Xin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tham lu\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tr\u00edch \u0111\u0103ng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn vi\u00ean du l\u1ecbch \u1edf B\u00e0 R\u1ecba - V\u0169ng T\u00e0u: \u201cNhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed huy\u1ec7n C\u00f4n \u0110\u1ea3o, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1i trang web www.baria-vungtau.gov.vn vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u201cNh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed C\u00f4n \u0110\u1ea3o\u201d c\u00f3 \u0111o\u1ea1n: \u201cC\u00e1ch V\u0169ng T\u00e0u 97 h\u1ea3i l\u00fd, C\u00f4n \u0110\u1ea3o [...] t\u1ecda \u0111\u1ed9 8o47\u201957\u201d v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 B\u1eafc, 106o36\u2019 kinh \u0111\u1ed9 \u0110\u00f4ng, t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u00e0 76,71 km2, qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o mang t\u00ean h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t: \u0111\u1ea3o C\u00f4n L\u00f4n v\u1edbi t\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 C\u00f4n \u0110\u1ea3o. [...] Th\u00e1ng 6\/1783, Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh ch\u1ea1y ra \u0111\u1ea3o C\u00f4n L\u00f4n, d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch l\u00e2u d\u00e0i l\u1eadp ra 3 l\u00e0ng: An H\u1ea3i, An H\u1ed9i, C\u1ecf \u1ed0ng\u201d. \u00d4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u g\u00ec ch\u1ee9ng minh th\u00e1ng 6\/1783 Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh (t\u1ee9c Nguy\u1ec5n V\u01b0\u01a1ng, sau n\u00e0y l\u00e0 vua Gia Long) ch\u1ea1y ra C\u00f4n \u0110\u1ea3o ng\u00e0y \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng? \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u1ecbch s\u1eed C\u00f4n \u0110\u1ea3o, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng minh th\u00ec kh\u00f3 l\u00f2ng thuy\u1ebft minh v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi tr\u1ebb, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u0111ang \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ebfn du l\u1ecbch v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u1edf C\u00f4n \u0110\u1ea3o. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tri\u1ec1u Nguy\u1ec5n, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 khi n\u00e0o \u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y ch\u01b0a? Xin \u00f4ng b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn th\u00f4ng tin \u201cTh\u00e1ng 6\/1783, Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh ch\u1ea1y ra \u0111\u1ea3o C\u00f4n L\u00f4n, d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch l\u00e2u d\u00e0i l\u1eadp ra 3 l\u00e0ng: An H\u1ea3i, An H\u1ed9i, C\u1ecf \u1ed0ng\u201d v\u00e0 cho bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c!\u201d. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ecbch s\u1eed huy\u1ec7n C\u00f4n \u0110\u1ea3o n\u00ean \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Ho\u00e0ng \u1edf t\u1ea1i 44 Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u01b0\u1eddng T\u1ed9, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 V\u0169ng T\u00e0u c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y. Nh\u00e2n H\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o n\u1ea7y t\u00f4i tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi nhau tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft l\u1ecbch s\u1eed C\u00f4n \u0110\u1ea3o tham kh\u1ea3o. V\u00c0I NGHI \u00c1N C\u00f3 l\u1ebd c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n th\u00f4ng tin l\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u00eau tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 s\u00e1ch \u0110\u1ea1i Nam th\u1ef1c l\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh bi\u00ean c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ed1c S\u1eed Qu\u00e1n tri\u1ec1u Nguy\u1ec5n \u1edf \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00edch sau \u0111\u00e2y: \u201cTh\u00e1ng 6, Qu\u00fd M\u00e3o (1783) vua \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf h\u00f2n \u0110i\u1ec7p Th\u1ea1ch [h\u00f2n \u0110\u00e1 Ch\u1ed3ng] thu\u1ed9c Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c. Th\u1ed1ng su\u1ea5t gi\u1eb7c (t\u1ee9c qu\u00e2n T\u00e2y S\u01a1n) l\u00e0 Phan Ti\u1ebfn Th\u1eadn th\u00ecnh l\u00ecnh \u0111em qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn. Cai c\u01a1 L\u00ea Ph\u00fac \u0110i\u1ec3n xin m\u1eb7c \u00e1o ng\u1ef1 m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9ng \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u thuy\u1ec1n. Gi\u1eb7c tranh nhau \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1eaft. Vua b\u00e8n \u0111i thuy\u1ec1n kh\u00e1c ra \u0111\u1ea3o C\u00f4n L\u00f4n\u201d[...]","H\u00ecnh 49. Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh sau n\u00e0y l\u00e0 vua Gia Long. M\u00f9a thu th\u00e1ng 7, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Hu\u1ec7 nghe tin vua \u1edf \u0111\u1ea3o C\u00f4n L\u00f4n sai ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea3ng l\u00e0 Ph\u00f2 m\u00e3 Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0103n \u0110a \u0111em h\u1ebft th\u1ee7y binh \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e2y ba v\u00f2ng, t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf r\u1ea5t nguy c\u1ea5p. B\u1ed7ng m\u01b0a gi\u00f3 n\u1ed5i l\u1edbn, b\u1ed1n b\u1ec1 m\u00e2y m\u00f9 k\u00edn m\u00edt, ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 thuy\u1ec1n c\u00e1ch nhau gang t\u1ea5c c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y nhau. S\u00f3ng bi\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i l\u00ean d\u1eef d\u1ed9i. Thuy\u1ec1n gi\u1eb7c tan v\u1ee1 ch\u00ecm \u0111\u1eafm kh\u00f4ng xi\u1ebft k\u1ec3. Thuy\u1ec1n vua b\u00e8n v\u01b0\u1ee3t c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng v\u00e2y, \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eadu \u1edf h\u00f2n C\u1ed5 C\u1ed1t, r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea3o Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c. Qu\u00e2n t\u01b0\u1edbng thi\u1ebfu th\u1ed1n, binh s\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i ph\u1ea3i h\u00e1i c\u1ecf t\u00ecm c\u1ee7 m\u00e0 \u0103n(50)\u201d (Sau \u0111\u00e2y t\u1ea1m g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u 1). S\u1eed gia Tr\u1ea7n Tr\u1ecdng Kim tham kh\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i Nam Th\u1ef1c l\u1ee5c c\u0169ng vi\u1ebft trong Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1eed l\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 sau: \u201c... Qua n\u0103m Qu\u00fd M\u00e3o (1783) vua T\u00e2y S\u01a1n l\u1ea1i sai Nguy\u1ec5n L\u1eef v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7 \u0111em binh v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1nh, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u01b0\u01a1ng (t\u1ee9c Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac \u00c1nh) ph\u1ea3i r\u01b0\u1edbc v\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eabu v\u00e0 cung quy\u1ebfn ra Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c. \u0110\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m \u1ea5y, Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7 ra \u0111\u00e1nh Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 C\u00f4n N\u00f4n; qu\u00e2n T\u00e2y S\u01a1n l\u1ea1i \u0111em thuy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e2y C\u00f4n N\u00f4n, nh\u01b0ng may nh\u1edd c\u00f3 c\u01a1n b\u00e3o \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1eafm c\u1ea3 thuy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y S\u01a1n, cho n\u00ean Nguy\u1ec5n V\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1edbi ra kh\u1ecfi tr\u00f9ng vi, ch\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea3o C\u1ed5 C\u1ed1t, r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c(51)\u201d (t\u1ea1m g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u 2).","Tr\u1ea7n Tr\u1ecdng Kim s\u1eeda C\u00f4n L\u00f4n th\u00e0nh C\u00f4n N\u00f4n. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 so\u1ea1n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed cho huy\u1ec7n C\u00f4n \u0110\u1ea3o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hai t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u trong \u0110\u1ea1i Nam th\u1ef1c l\u1ee5c v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1eed l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a Tr\u1ea7n Tr\u1ecdng Kim n\u00eau tr\u00ean th\u00ec c\u00f3 hai v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn: 1. Theo c\u1ea3 hai t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u 1 v\u00e0 2, th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m Qu\u00fd M\u00e3o (1783) Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh ch\u1ea1y tho\u00e1t th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn C\u00f4n L\u00f4n trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ch\u01b0a ch\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 mang theo k\u1ecbp v\u1ee3 con, l\u00e0m sao \u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111em d\u00e2n theo? Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e1nh n\u1ea1n \u1edf C\u00f4n L\u00f4n ch\u1eebng m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng, v\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m Qu\u00fd M\u00e3o, l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb bao v\u00e2y \u201cba v\u00f2ng\u201d may nh\u1edd tr\u1eadn b\u00e3o b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1eafm binh thuy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y S\u01a1n, Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh m\u1edbi ch\u1ea1y tho\u00e1t m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea3o C\u1ed5 C\u1ed1t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi v\u1ec1 l\u1ea1i Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c. Trong l\u00fac lo\u1ea1n l\u1ea1c ngo\u00e0i bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, l\u1ea5y d\u00e2n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp ba l\u00e0ng An H\u1ea3i, An H\u1ed9i, C\u1ecf \u1ed0ng? 2. C\u00f3 \u0111\u00fang C\u00f4n L\u00f4n (t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u 1) hay C\u00f4n N\u00f4n (t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u 2) l\u00e0 C\u00f4n \u0110\u1ea3o ng\u00e0y nay kh\u00f4ng? 2.1. Theo T\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n B\u00e1ch khoa Vi\u1ec7t Nam, h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t C\u00f4n \u0110\u1ea3o: \u201cc\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch 58km2 (chi\u1ebfm 74,29% t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o)\u201d. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, chu vi C\u00f4n \u0110\u1ea3o (h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o l\u1edbn) tr\u00ean 30km. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u 1 vi\u1ebft, qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u201cTr\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0103n \u0110a v\u00e2y ba v\u00f2ng\u201d t\u1ee9c g\u1ea7n h\u01a1n 90km (g\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c l\u1ed9 Hu\u1ebf - \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng). Mu\u1ed1n v\u00e2y b\u1eaft Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed7i km c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 10 thuy\u1ec1n chi\u1ebfn, t\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9i th\u1ee7y qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0103n \u0110a \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u1ea3o C\u00f4n L\u00f4n th\u00e1ng 7\/1783 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn 900 thuy\u1ec1n (90km x 10 thuy\u1ec1n chi\u1ebfn). V\u00e0 900 thuy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb gi\u00f3 b\u00e3o \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1eafm nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf s\u1ef1 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n T\u00e2y S\u01a1n qu\u00e1 kinh kh\u1ee7ng. Trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed nh\u00e0 T\u00e2y S\u01a1n ch\u01b0a th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 s\u00e1ch s\u1eed n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i T\u00e2y S\u01a1n kinh kh\u1ee7ng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf c\u1ea3. Chuy\u1ec7n Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e1nh n\u1ea1n \u1edf \u0111\u1ea3o C\u00f4n L\u00f4n l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1eadt, chuy\u1ec7n th\u1ee7y qu\u00e2n T\u00e2y S\u01a1n do Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0103n \u0110a ch\u1ec9 huy bao v\u00e2y \u201cba v\u00f2ng\u201d h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Th\u1ef1c l\u1ee5c vi\u1ebft l\u00e0 C\u00f4n L\u00f4n c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c. Ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u 1 v\u00e0 2 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp tr\u00ean c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 C\u00f4n L\u00f4n hay C\u00f4n N\u00f4n nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 C\u00f4n L\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 C\u00f4n \u0110\u1ea3o m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi C\u00f4n \u0110\u1ea3o ng\u00e0y nay? 2.2. Xem b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 L\u1ee5c t\u1ec9nh (c\u0169), ta th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea3o Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c \u1edf ph\u00eda t\u00e2y, c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o C\u00f4n \u0110\u1ea3o (C\u00f4n L\u00f4n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y) \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng, hai \u0111\u1ea3o n\u1eb1m \u1edf hai kinh tuy\u1ebfn xa nhau (kinh \u0111\u1ed9 104 v\u00e0 kinh \u0111\u1ed9 107), c\u00e1ch nhau kho\u1ea3ng 300km \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng chim bay. \u0110i theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee7y v\u00f2ng xu\u1ed1ng m\u0169i C\u00e0 Mau r\u1ed3i l\u00ean l\u1ea1i c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb 400 \u0111\u1ebfn 500km. N\u1ebfu \u0111i b\u1eb1ng thuy\u1ec1n ch\u00e8o hay thuy\u1ec1n bu\u1ed3m, thu\u1eadn chi\u1ec1u gi\u00f3, \u00edt nh\u1ea5t c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111i m\u01b0\u01a1i ng\u00e0y m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebfn. H\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh xa v\u00e0 l\u00e2u nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1edbi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. H\u00ecnh 50. B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o \u1edf v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n t\u00e2y, nam v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4ng nam Nam B\u1ed9. \u0110\u1ea3o Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c \u1edf ph\u00eda t\u00e2y, C\u00f4n \u0110\u1ea3o (C\u00f4n S\u01a1n) \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh c\u1ef1c nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n t\u1eeb Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c qua C\u00f4n \u0110\u1ea3o xa g\u1ea5p ba l\u1ea7n Ph\u00fa","Qu\u1ed1c xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea3o Th\u1ed5 Chu \u1edf gi\u00e1p gi\u1edbi v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n Th\u00e1i Lan. B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a NXB B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 (5-2008), t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 1: 3.500.000 Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd ch\u1ea1y l\u00e1nh n\u1ea1n ch\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, l\u1ea1i n\u1eefa v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng th\u00e1ng 6 l\u00e0 th\u00e1ng c\u00f3 gi\u00f3 m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng nam th\u1ed5i m\u1ea1nh, quan qu\u00e2n Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y ng\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 xa x\u00f4i v\u1eady \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Sau khi th\u1ee7y qu\u00e2n T\u00e2y S\u01a1n b\u1ecb gi\u00f3 b\u00e3o nh\u1eadn ch\u00ecm, Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 l\u1ea1i Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c. V\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u1ea5y, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft h\u1ed3i th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m Qu\u00fd M\u00e3o (1783), Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh ch\u1ea1y l\u00e1nh n\u1ea1n \u1edf m\u1ed9t h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 (t\u1ea1m g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3o X) g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i C\u00f4n \u0110\u1ea3o ng\u00e0y nay. 2.3. T\u1eeb sau khi x\u01b0ng v\u01b0\u01a1ng (1780), Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc Th\u00e1i Lan v\u00e0 Campuchia. Do \u0111\u00f3 khi tho\u00e1t ra kh\u1ecfi Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c, theo l\u00f4g\u00edc Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n g\u1ea7n Th\u00e1i Lan v\u00e0 Campuchia h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 mong c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, \u1edf v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n gi\u1eefa Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc Th\u00e1i Lan, Campuchia, r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u1ecf kh\u1ea3 d\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 dung th\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Theo c\u00e1ch ngh\u0129 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea5y ta th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 l\u00fd h\u01a1n l\u00e0 cho Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh ch\u1ea1y l\u00ean C\u00f4n L\u00f4n (C\u00f4n \u0110\u1ea3o) xa x\u00f4i \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng b\u1eafc. 2.4. C\u0169ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u 1 tr\u00ean cho bi\u1ebft: \u201cThuy\u1ec1n gi\u1eb7c tan v\u1ee1 ch\u00ecm \u0111\u1eafm kh\u00f4ng xi\u1ebft k\u1ec3. Thuy\u1ec1n vua b\u00e8n v\u01b0\u1ee3t c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng v\u00e2y, \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eadu \u1edf h\u00f2n C\u1ed5 C\u1ed1t, r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea3o Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c\u201d. Theo ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a c\u00e2u s\u1eed th\u00ec \u201ch\u00f2n C\u1ed5 C\u1ed1t\u201d \u1edf gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ea3o X v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3o Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c. M\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3o C\u1ed5 C\u1ed1t th\u00ec ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3o Koh Kood, hay Kok Kut l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3o r\u1ed9ng 129km\u00b2, n\u1eb1m s\u00e1t h\u1ea3i ph\u1eadn Campuchia, trong v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n tranh ch\u1ea5p gi\u1eefa ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Ph\u00e1p \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 Th\u00e1i Lan tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. \u0110\u1ea3o C\u1ed5 C\u1ed1t c\u00f2n ghi trong s\u1eed nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa l\u00e0 n\u0103m 1787, Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb Th\u00e1i Lan tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111i ngang qua \u0111\u1ea3o C\u1ed5 C\u1ed1t (V\u1ecbnh Th\u00e1i Lan), m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa t\u00ean H\u00e0 H\u1ef7 V\u0103n c\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong Thi\u00ean \u0110\u1ecba H\u1ed9i theo gi\u00fap chi\u1ebfm l\u1ea1i H\u00e0 Ti\u00ean v\u00e0 Long Xuy\u00ean(52). Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u1ea3o X n\u1eb1m ph\u00eda t\u00e2y Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i X l\u00e0 C\u00f4n \u0110\u1ea3o n\u1eb1m \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng. \u0110\u1ea3o C\u00f4n L\u00f4n trong \u0110\u1ea1i Nam th\u1ef1c l\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3o C\u00f4n L\u00f4n ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 C\u00f4n \u0110\u1ea3o (\u1edf \u0111\u00f4ng nam so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea3o Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c) m\u00e0 n\u1eb1m \u1edf ph\u00eda t\u00e2y nam g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o C\u1ed5 C\u1ed1t s\u00e1t h\u1ea3i ph\u1eadn Campuchia. V\u1eady, th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m Qu\u00fd M\u00e3o (1783) Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh tho\u00e1t th\u00e2n ra kh\u1ecfi Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng ra C\u00f4n L\u00f4n (C\u00f4n \u0110\u1ea3o) \u1edf h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00f4ng m\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea3o \u201cC\u00f4n L\u00f4n\u201d n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf ph\u00eda nam? C\u00c1C H\u1eccC GI\u1ea2 TR\u1ea2 L\u1edcI 1. Nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc Ph\u00e1p Charles H. Maybon, h\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, tra c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p, c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Th\u1eeba sai Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 s\u1eed s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u Nguy\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u t\u1eadp s\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi s\u1eed h\u1ecdc r\u1ea5t quan t\u00e2m nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed1n Notion d\u2019histoire d\u2019Annam(53), Lectures sur l\u2019Histoire Moderne et Contemporaine de Pays D\u2019Annam de 1428 \u00e0 1926(54). Trong cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch th\u1ee9 hai n\u00e0y, Maybon \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh ch\u1ea1y tho\u00e1t ra kh\u1ecfi Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m Qu\u00fd M\u00e3o (1783) nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cEn effet, Hu\u1ec7 et L\u1eef, avec des forces importantes, se pr\u00e9sent\u00e8rent au mois de Mars 1783 et bris\u00e8rent toute r\u00e9sistance. Alors commenca pour le prince une vie de fugitif; impitoyablement chass\u00e9 par ses ennemis, il erre, pour leur \u00e9chapper, dans le Golfe de Siam, il passe de Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c \u00e0 Koh-Rong, \u00e0 Kok-kut, revient \u00e0 Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c(55),(56). (T\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch: Th\u1ef1c v\u1eady, v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 3\/1783, Hu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 L\u1eef, \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t h\u00f9ng h\u1eadu, \u0111\u00e1nh tan h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ng c\u1ef1. L\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd \u00f4ng ho\u00e0ng (t\u1ee9c Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh) bu\u1ed9c l\u00f2ng ph\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t th\u00e2n. \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh b\u1ecb k\u1ebb \u0111\u1ecbch s\u0103n \u0111u\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u1ed1c li\u1ec7t, \u00f4ng phi\u00eau b\u1ea1t trong v\u1ecbnh Th\u00e1i Lan. T\u1eeb Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea3o KohRong, Kok- Kut, r\u1ed3i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c). Theo Maybon th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea3o X l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3o KohRong.","2. Hai cha con nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 Qu\u00e1ch T\u1ea5n v\u00e0 Qu\u00e1ch Giao - nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng qu\u00ea v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u phong tr\u00e0o T\u00e2y S\u01a1n - c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 T\u00e2y S\u01a1n v\u00e0 B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ecbnh c\u0169ng vi\u1ebft: \u201c\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c tin Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac \u00c1nh ch\u1ea1y ra Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c, Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7 sai Phan Ti\u1ebfn Th\u1eadn \u0111i \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eaft. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e3nh b\u1ecb b\u1eaft s\u1ed1ng. Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh tho\u00e1t ch\u1ebft ch\u1ea1y ra \u0111\u1ea3o C\u1ed5 Long (KohRong). Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0103n \u0110a \u0111\u01b0a m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee7y qu\u00e2n l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e2y \u0111\u00e1nh. Nh\u01b0ng r\u1ee7i g\u1eb7p ng\u00e0y m\u01b0a gi\u00f3 l\u1edbn thuy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u00e0n ra \u0111\u1ec3 bao v\u00e2y m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i d\u1ed3n l\u1ea1i gh\u00ec ch\u1eb7t v\u00e0o nhau \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u00f3ng gi\u00f3. Nh\u1edd v\u1eady Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac \u00c1nh c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111em t\u00e0n qu\u00e2n ch\u1ea1y tho\u00e1t, tr\u1ed1n sang \u0111\u1ea3o C\u1ed5 C\u1ed1t (Ko Kut) r\u1ed3i ch\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c(57)\u201d. Theo Qu\u00e1ch T\u1ea5n v\u00e0 Qu\u00e1ch Giao, \u0111\u1ea3o X l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3o C\u1ed5 Long (KohRong). C\u00f3 l\u1ebd hai nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ecd Qu\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 tham kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Maybon v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn th\u00f4ng tin l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a Maybon. 3. Nh\u00e0 v\u0103n, nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Marcel Gaultier \u0111\u00e3 tham kh\u1ea3o nh\u1eefng th\u01b0 t\u1eeb trao \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u1ecb Th\u1eeba sai Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa gi\u00e1o, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1, v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa gi\u00e1o \u1edf ch\u00ednh qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ed1c S\u1eed Qu\u00e1n tri\u1ec1u Nguy\u1ec5n vi\u1ebft n\u00ean b\u1ed9 ba b\u00fat k\u00fd l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Gia Long, Minh M\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 H\u00e0m Nghi (Le Roi Proscrit - \u00f4ng vua b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e0y) r\u1ea5t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb. Trong cu\u1ed1n Gia Long do To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng P. Pasquier \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1ef1a, Marcel Gaultier \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea9u tho\u00e1t ra kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ea3o Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed3i th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m Qu\u00fd M\u00e3o (1783) nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cSes poursuivants n\u2019ayant pu l\u2019atteindre, Nguyen-van-Lu et Nguyen-van-Hue retournent \u00e0 Quinhon, laissant pour garder la Basse Cochinchine, le Pho-Ma, Truong-van-Da et le commandant de L\u2019Avant, Bao. La parque qui transporte les fugitifs touche l\u2019ile Chung, mais ne s\u2019arr\u00eate qu\u2019\u00e0 celle de Poulo-Panjab apr\u00e8s un dramatique voyage de six jours sur l\u2019Oc\u00e9an d\u00e9chain\u00e9(58)\u201d. (T\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch: Qu\u00e2n truy k\u00edch kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111u\u1ed5i theo k\u1ecbp Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n L\u1eef v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Hu\u1ec7 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Quy Nh\u01a1n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i \u00f4ng Ph\u00f2 m\u00e3 Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0103n \u0110a v\u00e0 \u00f4ng Ti\u1ec1n qu\u00e2n B\u1ea3o tr\u1ea5n gi\u1eef v\u00f9ng H\u1eadu Giang. Chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n ph\u00f2 Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh \u0111i l\u00e1nh n\u1ea1n c\u00f3 gh\u00e9 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea3o Chung (?) nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 t\u00e1 t\u00fac \u1edf \u0111\u1ea3o Poulo-Panjab sau m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh bi th\u1ea3m 6 ng\u00e0y gi\u1eefa bi\u1ec3n kh\u01a1i s\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ed9ng). Marcel Gaultier vi\u1ebft Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e1nh n\u1ea1n \u1edf Poulo-Panjab. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Nam B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3o Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0111\u1ea3o Poulo-Panjab kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea1. Poulo-Panjab ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3o Th\u1ed5 Chu hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u1ed5 Ch\u00e2u, l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3o l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Th\u1ed5 Ch\u00e2u, huy\u1ec7n Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c, t\u1ec9nh Ki\u00ean Giang. \u0110\u1ea3o Th\u1ed5 Chu c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch h\u01a1n 1.300 ha, hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 h\u01a1n 400 h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, g\u1ea7n 1.600 nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u. M. Gaultier c\u00f2n cho bi\u1ebft, khi \u0111\u1ebfn Poulo-Panjab Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd l\u00e0 Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c B\u00e1 \u0110a L\u1ed9c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng c\u0169ng v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ebfn Poulo-Panjab tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ea5y ng\u00e0y: \u201cUne surprise y attend Nguyen-Anh. L\u2019\u00e9v\u00eaque d\u2019Adran et son coll\u00e8gue ont abard\u00e9 quelques jours plus t\u00f4t \u00e0 Poulo-Panjab o\u00f9 une heureuse inspiration conduit le pr\u00e9tendant(59)\u201d. V\u00e0 r\u1ed3i, ch\u00ednh t\u1ea1i Poulo-Panjab, Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn d\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o Hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc (sau n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 Versailles 1887) do L\u2019\u00e9v\u00eaque d\u2019Adran \u0111\u00e3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u00f4ng \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n cho \u00f4ng C\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea1o n\u1ea7y \u0111em ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed C\u1ea3nh (sinh n\u0103m 1779 t\u1ea1i Bi\u00ean H\u00f2a) sang c\u1ea7u vi\u1ec7n vua Ph\u00e1p Louis XVI. Trong d\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o Hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3n 10 Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh nh\u01b0\u1eddng cho Ph\u00e1p \u201cquy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea3o C\u00f4n \u0110\u1ea3o\u201d (que ledit pr\u00e9lat proposera auusi \u00e0 la Cour de France la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 de l\u2019Ile de Poulo- Condor(60)\u201d. Ng\u1ed3i t\u1ea1i Poulo-Panjab duy\u1ec7t d\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o H\u00f2a \u01b0\u1edbc Versailles c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn Poulo-Condore (C\u00f4n \u0110\u1ea3o). Ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u1ea7m Poulo-Panjab v\u1edbi Poulo-Condore \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i: Th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m Qu\u00fd M\u00e3o (1783) Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh t\u1eeb Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea1y v\u00f2ng ra C\u00f4n \u0110\u1ea3o (Poulo-Condore) m\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y xu\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o ph\u00eda nam g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi Th\u00e1i Lan v\u00e0 Campuchia."]
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