വിശുദ്ധ അല്ഫോന്സാമ്മ

AÂt^m³km½bpsS IY (PohNcn{Xw) hnt\\mZv \\mcmbW³ 2

Malayalam Language The story of st: Alphonasamma (Biography) Vinod Narayanan Rights Reserved First Published: Dec 2018 Cover & Typesetting: Boons Entertainments Published by: Nyna Books Website: vinodnarayana.blogspot.com Email: [email protected] All Rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the writer. 3

hnt\\mZv \\mcmbW³ tIcf¯nse FdWmIpfw PnÃbnse Xr¸qWn¯pdbnemWv hnt\\mZv \\mcmbW³ P\\n¨Xv. hfÀ¶Xpw sslkvIqÄ hnZym`ymkw ]qÀ¯nbm¡nbXpw tNmäm\\n¡c F¶ {Kma¯nemWv. ]nXmhv tNmäm\\n¡c shfp¼d¼n \\mcmbW\\pw amXmhv Xr¸qWn¯pd FcqÀ hmWnb¯p ho«n Hma\\bpamWv. tNmäm\\n¡c Kh.sslkvIqfnepw Xr¸qWn¯pd Kh.tImfPnepambn hnZym`ymkw sNbvXp. Ncn{X¯n _ncpZm\\´c_ncpZw t\\SnbXn\\ptijw ]{X {]hÀ¯I\\mbn. Ct¸mÄ kzX{´ Fgp¯pImc\\pw Xnc¡YmIr¯pamWv. A©v {lkzNn{X§Ä Xnc¡YsbgpXn kwhn[m\\w sN¿pIbpw Ah hnhn[ A´mcmjv{S Ne¨n{XthZnIfn {]ZÀin¸n¡s¸SpIbpw ]pckvImcmÀlamhpIbpw sNbvXp. 4

BZys¯ t\\mh ambs¡m«mcw {]kn²oIcn¡s¸«Xv 1999  at\\mcmPyw hmcnIbnemWv. hnhn[ B\\pImenI§fnembn \\mÂ]XnÂ]cw sNdpIYIsfgpXn. hnhn[ {]km[IcneqsS 120Â]cw ]pkvXI§Ä {]kn²oIcn¡s¸«p. Zn sdUv (t\\mhÂ), Im«m\\Ifpw t]cm¨nIfpw(t\\m hÂ), , sNIp¯msâ clkyw(t\\mhÂ), sIm¨psIm¨p\\nKqVIYIÄ (IYIÄ), sFXnly§fnse b£n¡YIÄ’ F¶nh {][m\\]pkvXI§fmWv. Batkm¬ apXemb A´mcmjv{S ]pkvXI{]km[IÀ hgn 15 e[nIw ]pkvXI§Ä {]kn²oIcn¨p. ImanI (t\\mhÂ) U_nÄ aÀUÀ (t\\mhÂ) XpS§nb In³Un FUnj\\pIfpw hmb\\¡mÀ kzoIcn¨p. hnemkw: ‘inhcRvPn\\n’ sN¼v. P.O, ]n³ : 682608 ssh¡w, tIm«bw PnÃ. Email : [email protected] Website : vinodnarayana.blogspot.com 5

AÂt^m³km½bpsS IY 1. IpSamfqcnse A¶¡p«n 2. hÃy½¨nbpsS kwc£Wbn 3. kuμcys¯ `b¶hÄ 4. k`bnte¡v 5. k\\ymkn\\nbpsS hkv{Xw 6. tcmK§fpsS IjvSXIfnte¡v 7. \\nXy{hX¯nte¡v 8. \\nXyXbpsS sht×L§fnte¡v Hcp shÅcn{]mhv 9. hmgv¯s¸«hÄ 6

AÂt^m³km½bpsS IY “tKmX¼paWnIÄ \\ÃXpt]mse CSn¨ps]mSn¡pt¼mÄ sh×bpÅ amhv e`n¡p¶Xpt]msebpw ap´ncn§m¸g§Ä N¡nen«v sRcn¡pt¼mÄ \\à Nmdv \\à hoªmbn¯ocp¶Xpt]msebpw IjvSXIÄ a\\pjysc ip²oIcn¡p¶p.” F¶v AÂt^m³km½ ]dªXv A½bpsS PohnXw km£yam¡ns¡m−mbncp¶p. AXy[nIamb IjvSXIÄ \\ndª B PohnX¯nsâ kaÀ¸W¯n\\pÅ ^eambncp¶p AÂt^m³km½bpsS hnip²X. `mcX¯n \\n¶v hnip²]Zhnbnte¡v DbÀ¯s¸« BZys¯ h\\nXbmWv hnip² AÂt^m³km½. 7

H¶v IpSamfqcnse A¶¡p«n. tIm«bw PnÃbnse IpSamfqcnse BÀ¸q¡c {Kma¯nemWv A¶¡p«n P\\n¡p¶Xv. 1910 HmKÌv 19 \\mbncp¶p AXv. BÀ¸q¡cbnse ap«¯p]mS¯v ]mgq¸d¼n Hutk¸ntâbpw adnbm½bptSbpw \\memas¯ aIfmbncp¶p A¶¡p«n. ap«¯p]mSw IpSpw_w XeapdIfmbn sN¼ItÈcn cmPmhnsâ `cWIme¯pÅ sIm«mcw sshZy·mcmbncp¶p. A¶¡p«nbpsS P\\\\w Akm[mcWambncp¶p. A¶¡p«nsb KÀ`w [cn¨ncp¶ thfbn A½ adnbm½ Hcp \\mÄ hoSnsâ apä¯ncp¶v hn{ian¡pIbmbncp¶p. hoSv ]\\tbme taªXmbncp¶p. HmebpsS apIfn \\n¶pw Hcp kÀ¸w adnbm½bpsS tZl¯p h¶p hoWp. `b¶pt]mb adnbm½ t_m[clnXbmbn hoWp. XpSÀ¶v {]khw \\S¶p. amkw XnIbmsXbmWv {]khw \\S¶Xv. A¶¡p«n P\\n¡pt¼mÄ F«pamkta D−mbncp¶pÅp. HmKÌv 27 \\v IpSamfpÀ skâv tacokv ]Ånbn h¨v A¶¡p«nsb amtamZokm ap¡n. {]khtijw A[nIw sshImsX adnbm½ acn¡pIbpw sNbvXp. 8

c−v hÃy½¨nbpsS kwc£WbnÂ. adnbm½bpsS acWtijw A¶¡p«nsb hÃy½¨nbmb A¶½ AhcpsS ap«pNndbnse apcn¡³ IpSpw_¯nte¡v Iq«ns¡m−p h¶p. adnbm½bpsS tPyjvT ktlmZcnbmb A¶½ A¶¡p«nsb s]m¶pt]mse t\\m¡n. AhÀ¡v \\mev B¬a¡fmbncp¶p. 1917 \\hw_À 27 \\v IpSamfqÀ ]Ånbn A¶¡p«nbpsS BZy IpÀ_m\\ ssIs¡mÅ \\S¶p. 1917 tabv amk¯n BÀ¸q¡cbnse sXm®mwIpgn Kh¬saâv kvIqfn A¶¡p«nsb tNÀ¯p. ]Tn¡m³ anSp¡nbmbncp¶ AhÄ 1920  aq¶mw ¢mkv ]T\\w ]qÀ¯nbm¡n. B hÀjw Xs¶ Pqav 30 \\v ap«pNnd Kh¬saâv kvIqfn A¶¡p«nsb \\memw ¢mkn tNÀ¯p. A¶¡p«nsb hr¯nbpw `wKnbpapÅ hkv{X§Ä [cn¸n¡p¶Xnepw \\¶mbn s]cpamdm³ 9

]Tn¸n¡p¶Xnepw hÃy½bmb A¶½ {i²n¨p. sNdp¸w apXte AhÀ A¶¡p«nsb ASp¯p ]nSn¨ncp¯n hnip²cpsS IYIÄ ]dªp tIĸn¡pambncp¶p. hnip² sIm¨p t{XkymbpsS IYbmbncp¶p A¶¡p«nsb Gsd BIÀjn¨Xv. _meyw apX A¶¡p«n tcmKmcnjvSXIfpsS 10

]nSnbnembncp¶p. ]Xns\\m¶p hbÊmbtXmsS A¶¡p«nbpsS tcmKmcnjvSXIsfms¡ amdn AhÄ Hcp sIm¨p kpμcnbmbn amdn. 11

aq¶v kuμcys¯ `b¶hÄ. hÃy½¨nbpsS IqsS ]Ånbn t]mIp¶ kpμcnbmb A¶¡p«nsb ]e sNdp¸¡mcpw IuXpIt¯msS t\\m¡m³ XpS§n. A¡me¯v _meyhnhmlw \\m«p\\S¸mbncp¶Xn\\m apcn¡³ Xdhm«nte¡v A¶¡p«n¡v H¯ncn hnhmlmtemN\\IÄ hcm³ XpS§n. ]{´−p hbÊmbncp¶p A¡mes¯ s]¬Ip«nIfpsS icmicn hnhml{]mbw. Hcp \\mÄ cm{Xn A¶½ `À¯mhnt\\mSv ]dªp “tZ \\½psS A¶¡p«n¡v ]{´−Sp¡p¶p. Ahsf IÃymWwIgn¨p In«nbm sImÅmsa¶v ]e Xdhm«pImÀ¡pw ]qXnbpap−v.” “]ecpw Ft¶mSnXv ]dsªSn. ZÃmf·mcv Nnecv h¶p. Rms\\m¶pw ]dªnÃ.” “F{Xbpw s]s«¶v A¶¡p«nbpsS IÃymWw \\S¯Ww. \\½psS XdhmSn\\v tbmPn¨ coXnbnÂ.” 12

“Bs«. \\msf¯s¶ AXn\\pÅ BtemN\\ XpS§mw.” `À¯mhnsâ Xocpam\\w tI« A¶¡p«n¡v Bizmkambn. A¶¡p«nbmIs« Cu hnhc§sfm¶pw Adnªncp¶nÃ.A¡me¯v hnhmlw s]¬Ip«nsb Adnbn¡p¶ ]XnhnÃ. hctâbpw h[phntâbpw ]nXmhpw ImcWh·mcpw tNÀ¶v IÃymWw Dd¸n¡pIbmWv ]Xnhv. ImcWh·mcpsS Xocpam\\§Ä¡v hg§pI am{Xta h[qhc·mÀ¡v \\nhr¯nbpÅp. sshImsX A¶¡p«nbpsS IÃymW¯obXn \\nÝbn¡p¶ NS§v apcn¡³ Xdhm«n BtLmjambn \\S¶p.NS§v \\S¶tijamWv A¶¡p«n¡v Imcyw a\\knembXv. Ah¡v Ic¨n h¶p. BfpIsfÃmhcpw ]ncnªt¸mÄ AhÄ t]c¸sâ ap¶nse¯n. A¶¡p«n ]dªp “F\\n¡v IÃymWw th− t]c¸m.” 13

“AsX´mSn?” t]c¸³ im´XtbmsS tNmZn¨p. 14

“Fsâ t]c¸m, CutimbpsS A©p XncpapdnhpIsf HmÀ¯v Fs¶ IÃymW¯n\\v \\nÀ_Ôn¡cptX.” AXp ]dªp XoÀ¶bpS³ A¶¡p«n t_m[w sI«p hoWp. t]c¸\\pw t]c½bpw hÃm¯ {]XnkÔnbnembnt¸mbn. Ahchsf hnfn¨pWÀ¯n Bizkn¸n¨p. Ahsf apdnbn sIm−pt]mbn InS¯nbn«v t]c¸\\pw t]c½bpw BtemN\\ XpS§n. apco¡³ XdhmSv t]cptI« IpSpw_amWv. B ho«n \\n¶v Hcp s]¬Ip«n aT¯n tNcp¶Xv km¼¯nIem`¯n\\pth−nbmWv Fs¶mcp Ipd¨nep−mIpw F¶ tXm¶embncp¶p A¶½¡pw `À¯mhn\\pw. AXpsIm−v A¶¡p«nbpsS hnhml¯n \\n¶pw ]n·mdm³ AhÀ¡v IgnªnÃ. A¶½, A¶¡p«nsb AcnIn hnfn¨p tNÀ¯W¨p ]dªp “F´mWv \\nsâ a\\knÂ..?” “F\\n¡v IÃymWw th−½¨n.” A¶¡p«n At]£n¨p. “AsX´m ImcWw?” “F\\n¡v aT¯n tNcWw. hnip² sIm¨p t{Xkysb t]mse Hcp hnip²bmIWw. sIm¨p 15

t{Xkym]pWymf¯nbpsS IY A½¨n Xs¶btà ]dªp X¶n«pÅXv.” A¶½ AhfpsS Ihnfn XgpIn. F¶n«p ]dªp “F\\n¡v \\ns¶ Hcp \\à IpSpw_n\\nbmbn ImWm\\mWv B{Klw. \\o Hcp \\à IpSpw_¯n F¯Ww. F¶m am{Xta F\\n¡v kt´mjamIq.” “A½¨n £an¡Ww. Fsâ PohnXw hnip² sIm¨p t{Xkymsbt]mse tbip\\mY\\v kaÀ¸n¨XmWv. AXn\\v C\\n Hcp amähpanÃ.” A¶¡p«n BhÀ¯n¨v CXv ]dbp¶Xv tI«v A¶½¡v Acniw h¶p. “]ntÅcpIfn \\nÀ¯n ]dbp¶Xv A\\pkcn¡v s]t®. \\nsâ \\à `mhn¡v th−nbm Rm\\o ]dbp¶Xv.” A¶½ Ahsf H¯ncn iImcn¨p. A¶¡p«n I®otcmsS kz´w apdnbnte¡v t]mbn. Ft¸mgpw kvt\\lt¯msS am{Xw kwkmcn¡mdpÅ hÃy½ tZjys¸«Xv Ahsf sXsÃm¶paà hnjan¸n¨Xv. A¶¡p«n I®otcmsS AhfpsS apdnbnte¡v t]mbn. apdnbnencp¶v Icbth AhÄ¡v a\\knembn Xsâ kuμcyamWv CXns\\Ãmw ImcWsa¶v. Xsâ kuμcyanÃmXmbm tbip\\mY\\ÃmsX Bcpw 16

Xsâ aWhmf\\mInÃtÃm.B cm{Xn A¶¡p«n Hcp Xocpam\\saSp¯p. Dan¯obn NmSpI. aIcs¡mbv¯v Ignªv If¯nse ]Xncv apgph³ Xobn«pIfbp¶ Hcp AánIpWvUw ho«nep−v. AXv FcnªpsIm−ncn¡pIbmWv. Nmcw aqSnbXmbn tXm¶psa¦nepw ASnbn \\à Dan¡\\emWv. ]peÀs¨ AXn NmSpI. s]mÅnbm kuμcyw t]mIpatÃm F¶mbncp¶p AhfpsS IW¡pIq«Â. A¶¡p«n AXpXs¶ sNbvXp. Dan¯obn NmSnb A¶¡p«nbpsS ImepIÄ c−pw Xo{hambn s]mÅn. AhfpsS \\nehnfn tI«v BfpIÄ HmSn¡qSn. ImepIÄ c−pw ]qÀWambn s]mÅn. ]mZkc§Ä c−pw DcpIn sh´ amwkt¯mSv H«nt¸mbXv X«ms\\ hnfn¨mWv \\o¡w sNbvXXv. t]c¸³ Bfb¨v A¶¡p«nbpsS AÑs\\ hcp¯n. sshZy\\mb t]c¸sâ \\nÀt±i{]Imcw A¶¡p«nsb BÀ¸q¡cbneb¸n¨v NnInÕn¨p.Iptd \\mÄ th−n h¶p ImepIfnse {hW§Ä t`Zs¸Sm³. ]t£ At¸mtg¡pw AhÄ¡v Bdmw ¢mkv ]T\\w \\jvSambn. ]n¶oSv tcmKw amdnbn«v ASp¯ hÀjamWv Bdmw ¢mkv hnPbn¡m³ A¶¡p«n¡mbXv.Bdmw ¢mknse ]T\\tijw A¶¡p«n ap«pNpdbnse ho«n t]c½sb klmbn¨v Ignªp IqSn. 17

\\mev k`bnte¡v. IÃymW¯n \\n¶p c£s¸Sm³ Dan¯obn NmSpI F¶ ISpwssI ImWn¨ A¶¡p«nsb ]n¶oSv IÃymW¯n\\v t]c½tbm t]c¸t\\m Bcpw \\nÀ_Ôn¨nÃ. ap«pNndbnse apco¡³ `h\\¯n t]c½tbmsSm¸w Znhk§Ä XÅn \\o¡th Hcp \\mÄ c−p I\\ymkv{XoIÄ AhnsSsb¯n. ap«pNnd ImÀaeo¯ aT¯n \\n¶pÅ k\\ykn\\nIfmbncp¶p AhÀ. A¶¡p«nsb aT¯n tNÀ¡Wsa¶v t]c½tbmSv ]dbm\\mbncp¶p AhÀ h¶Xv. hnip² skâv. {^m³kokv Akoknsb B[ymßnI t\\Xmhmbn AwKoIcn¨ncp¶ {^m³knkvI³ ¢mcnÌp kaql¯nsâ `cW§m\\w ¢mcnÌv tIm¬shânte¡v AhÀ A¶¡p«nsb kzmKXw sNbvXp. 1927 tabv 17 \\v A¶¡p«n `cW§m\\¯pÅ aT¯nte¡v t]mbn. A¶v ]´¡pkvX 18

Zn\\ambncp¶p. A¶¡p«nbpsS P·Krlamb BÀ¸q¡c A§mSn¸Ånbnse ]´¡pkvXm Xncp\\mfn ]s¦Sp¯ tijamWv A¶¡p«nbpw ]nXmhpw `cW§m\\t¯¡v t]mbXv. aT¯n {]thin¡m\\pÅ [\\ambn Fgp¶qdp cq] \\ÂInbXv A¶¡p«nbpsS ]nXmhnsâ ]nXrktlmZc³ ap«¯p]mS¯v Hutk¸¨\\mbncp¶p. `cW§m\\w aT¯nse aZÀ kp]ocnbÀ DÀkpem½bmbncp¶p. tabv 21 \\v A¶¡p«n AhnsS¯s¶bpÅ ¢mcaTw hI tIm¬shâv kvIqfn Ggmw ¢mkn tNÀ¶p.A¶¡p«nsb DÀkpem½bS¡w FÃmhÀ¡pw hfscs¸s«¶v CjvSs¸«p. 19

A©v k\\ymkn\\nbpsS hkv{Xw. 1928 HmKÌv c−n\\v hnip² AÂt^m³kv temKncnbpsS Xncp\\mÄ Zn\\¯n `cW§m\\w ¢mcaT¯nse Nm¸en h¨v AhÄ¡v k\\ymk hkv{X¯nsâ apt¶mSnbmb intcmhkv{Xw e`n¨p. A¶p apX A¶¡p«n AÂt^m³kbmbn amdn.At¸mÄ AhÄ¡v ]Xns\\«v hbÊmbncp¶p. hnip² AÂt^m³kv temKncnbpsS \\maw IqSn tNÀ¯mWv AÂt^m³k F¶ t]cv A¶¡p«n¡v e`n¨Xv. Ggmw ¢mkv hnPbn¨ AÂt^m³ksb XpSÀ hnZym`ymkw \\S¯n A[ym]nIbm¡m\\mbncp¶p aT¯nsâ Xocpam\\w. `cW§m\\¯v Ggmw ¢mkv hsc am{Xta ]T\\apÅq F¶Xn\\m AÂt^m³ksb N§\\mtÈcn 20

hmg¸Ånbnse ¢mcaTw hI t_mÀUnwKv kvIqfn tNÀ¯p.1929 tabvamk¯nembncp¶p AÂt^m³kbpsS F«mw ¢mkv {]thi\\w.1930 tabv 19 \\v `cW§m\\w s^mtdm\\ ]Ånbn h¨v AÂt^m³k¡v k`m hkv{Xw e`n¨p. 21

N§\\mtÈcn cq]Xm sa{Xm³ amÀ sPbnwkv ImftÈcnbn \\n¶mWv AÂt^m³k k`mhkv{Xw Gäp hm§nbXv. AtXmsS XqshÅ hkv{X¯n \\n¶v Xhn«p \\ndapÅ hkv{X¯nte¡v 22

AÂt^m³k amdn. XpSÀ¶v N§m\\mtÈcnbn XncnsIsb¯n XpSÀ ]T\\w. AÂt^m³k F«mw ¢mkv ]mkmbn. F¦nepw H¼Xmw ¢mkn tXmäp. 23

Bdv tcmK§fpsS IjvSXIfnte¡v tcmK§Ä AÂt^m³ksb ]nSnIqSn¯pS§n. AÂt^m³k N§\\mtÈcnbn \\n¶v `cW§m\\¯v aS§nsb¯n aT¯nse {]hÀ¯\\§fn hym]rXbmbn. At¸mÄ AhÄ¡v Ccp]¯nsbm¶p hbÊmbncp¶p. ITn\\amb cà{kmhw AÂt^m³ksb _m[n¨p. FdWmIpfw P\\d Bip]{Xnbnse Hcp Hm¸tdj\\neqsS tcmKw Hcphn[w t`Zambn. XpSÀ¶v AÂt^m³k tIm«bwPÃbnse hmI¡mSv F¶ Øes¯ ¢mcaTw hI ss{]adn kvIqfn aq¶mw ¢mkv A[ym]nIbmbn tPmenbn {]thin¨p. Hcp hÀjw AhnsS XpSÀs¶¦nepw tcmKw ho−pw KpcpXcambt¸mÄ `cW§m\\¯v aS§nsb¯n. c−p hÀjw aT¯n Ign¨pIq«n. CXn\\nSbn \\nÀ`mKyIc§fmb c−p kw`h§Ä IqSn AÂt^m³k¡v t\\cntS−n h¶p. ap«pNndbnse t]c½bpsS ho«n Ah[ns¡¯nb AÂt^m³ksb t]c½bpsS aIsâ kplr¯mb HcmÄ AhÄ Hä¡p apdnbnencn¡p¶ kμÀ`¯n AhnsS IS¶p sN¶v A]am\\n¡m³ {ian¨Xmbpw 24

AÂt^m³k HmSn c£s¸«Xmbpw Nne tcJIÄ ]dbp¶p−v. asäm¶v AÂt^m³ksb NnInÕn¨ Hcp tUmIvSÀ AÂt^m³ksb A]am\\n¡m³ {ian¨XmWv. Cu c−p kw`h§fpw Ahsf ITn\\ambn thZ\\n¸n¨p. {InkvXy³ k\\ymkn\\nIÄ¡v {hXhmKvZm\\¯nsâ apt¶mSnbmbpÅ s\\mhojyäv Imew BtcmKyapÅhÀ¡pt]mepw t¢iIcambncn¡pw. AÂt^m³k¡pw s\\mhnjyäv ImeamWv.]t£ hmbneqsSbpw aq¡neqsSbpapÅ cà{kmhhpw ISp¯ ]\\nbpw sIm−v AÂt^m³k hoÀ¸p ap«n. tcmKi¿bn \\n¶v AhÄ¡v Fgpt¶Â¡m³ IgnbmsX h¶p. AhÄ F§s\\ s\\mhojyäv ]qÀ¯nbm¡pw F¶v aTm[n]bmb DÀipem½¡pw aäpw Bi¦bmbn. Hcp Znhkw cm{Xn AÂt^m³kbpsS apdnbn DÀipem½ Hcp ImgvN I−p. AÂt^m³k I«nen InS¶psIm−v AZriy\\mb BtcmtSm kwkmcn¡p¶p. DÀipem½ A¼ct¸msS apdnbn IS¶p sN¶p tNmZn¨p “tamÄ BtcmSm kwkcn¡p¶Xv?” “aZÀ ImWp¶ntÃ, Rm³ Nmhdb¨t\\mSmWv kwkmcn¡p¶Xv. At±lw ChnsS \\n¡p¶Xv aZÀ ImWp¶ntÃ?” AÂt^m³k AXp]dªpsIm−v I«nen Fgpt¶äncp¶p. 25

At¸mÄ AhÄ BtcmKyhXnbmbncp¶p. “Cutim adnbw butkt¸..!” DÀipem½ Ipcnip hc¨p. 26

AÂt^m³kbpsS `mhamäw I−t¸mÄ AhÄ ]dªXv kXyamsW¶v DÀipem½¡v t_m[yambn. ]ntä¶v t\\cw shfp¯t¸mtg¡pw AÂt^m³kbpsS cà{kmhw ]qÀWambpw ian¨p. Imen D−mbncp¶ apdnhv DW§nbncn¡p¶Xmbpw I−p. ]t£ C\\nbpw tcmK]co£W§sf t\\cntS−n hcpsa¶v Nmhdb¨³ ap¶dnbn¸v \\ÂInbncn¡p¶Xmbpw AÂt^m³k DÀipem½tbmSv shfns¸Sp¯n. 27

Ggv \\nXy{hX¯nte¡v. tcmK§fn \\n¶v Xm¡menIambn tamNnXbmb AÂt^m³k 1936 HmKÌv 12 \\v N§\\mtÈcn aT¯n h¨v \\nXy{hXhmKvZm\\w \\S¯n. XpSÀ¶v AÂt^m³k `cW§m\\¯v XncnsIsb¯n. aT¯n h¨v ]nt¶bpw tcmKw Ahsf IS¶m{Ian¨p. ITn\\amb ]\\nbpw NpabpamWv C¯hW Ahsf ]nSnIqSnbXv. £bamWv AsX¶v FÃmhcpw hnNmcn¨p. NnInÕIÄ [mcmfw \\S¯nsb¦nepw Ahsbm¶pw Hcp ^ehpw \\ÂIm¯Xp sIm−v AÂt^m³k {]mÀ°\\Ifn apgpIn. hnip² Nmhdb¨\\pw hnip² sIm¨p t{Xkybpw X\\n¡v {]Xy£s¸«v kam[m\\w \\ÂInbXmbn AÂt^m³k ]n¶oSv shfns¸Sp¯n. AXpt]mse Xs¶ AhfpsS tcmKw thKw kpJs¸«p. CS¡nsS X\\n¡v hcp¶ tcmK§sf Ipdn¨v AÂt^m³km½ ]dbp¶Xv C{]ImcamWv. “tKmX¼paWnIÄ \\ÃXpt]mse CSn¨ps]mSn¡pt¼mÄ sh×bpÅ amhv e`n¡p¶p. AXv Nps«Sp¡pt¼mÄ hnip²IpÀ_m\\¡pÅ 28

HmkvXnbmbn Xocp¶p. ap´ncn§m¸g§Ä N¡nen«v sRcn¡pt¼mÄ \\à Nmdv \\à hoªmbn¯ocp¶p. Ah shdpsX h¨ncp¶m \\ap¡v hoªv In«pIbnÃtÃm. IjvSXIfm ssZhw \\s½ ip²oIcn¡pt¼mÄ \\à hoªpt]mse \\mw KpWta·bpÅhcmbn¯ocp¶p.” F«v 29

\\nXyXbpsS sht×L§fnte¡v Hcp shÅcn{]mhv. tcmK§Ä sshcmKy_p²ntbmsS AÂt^m³km½sb ]n´pSÀ¶p. 1946 PqsseamkambtXmsS tcmK§Ä AXnsâ apgph³ iànbpw ]pds¯Sp¯v XmWvUhamSm³ XpS§n. AÂt^m³km½ thZ\\ kln¡m³ IgnbmsX I«nen InS¶v Dcp−p. tZlw XWp¯p achn¨p. Pqsse 27 \\v i\\nbmgvN cm{Xn Xs¶ kμÀin¨ `cW§m\\w ]ÅnhnImcnbmb Ipcphnf ¹mt¯m«t¯mSv AÂt^m³km½ ]dªp “^mZÀ \\msf Hcp bp²ap−v. Rm³ AXn\\mbn Hcp§pIbmWv.” ]ntä¶v Pqsse 28 RmbdmgvN. cmhnsebpÅ IpÀ_m\\bn ]s¦Sp¡Wsa¶v AÂt^m³km½ Bhiys¸«{]Imcw Nm¸ense¯ns¨¦nepw {]mÀ°\\¡nSbn hnjaw KpcpXcambtXmsS A½ apdnbnte¡v kzbw \\S¶p \\o§n. K{_ntbe½bpw aäpw F¯n ]cnNcWw \\ÂIn. AÂt^m³km½bpsS \\ne hjfmIp¶Xv I−v A½¡v A´yIqZmi \\ÂIs¸«p. At¸mÄ kabw 30

D¨¡v ]{´−p aWn. ‘Cutim adnbw butk¸v’ F¶pcphn«psIm−v AÂt^m³km½ \\nXyXbnte¡v bm{Xbmbn. 31

H¼Xv hmgv¯s¸«hÄ. 1985  Hcp Ip«nbpsS AkpJw NnInÕIÄ ^en¡msX h¶t¸mÄ AÂt^m³km½sb {]mÀ°n¨v kpJs¸«p. Cu AÛpXamWv AÂt^m³km½sb h¯n¡m³ hnip²bmbn {]Jym]n¡m\\pÅ {]YaImcWambn FSp¯Xv. P·\\m c−p ImepIfpw DÅnte¡v hfª \\nebnepÅ Hcp Ip«nbmWv AÂt^m³km½tbmSpÅ {]mÀ°\\bm AkpJw ]qÀWambpw kpJs¸«v BtcmKyhm\\mbXv. C¯c¯nepÅ \\nch[n A\\p`h§Ä ]n¶oSv ]ecptSbpw PohnX¯n kw`hn¨p. GItZiw 126 km£nIsf hnkvXcn¨v \\maIcW\\S]SnIÄ¡v tijw 1986 s^{_phcn F«mw XobXn tPm¬t]mÄ c−ma³ amÀ¸m¸ tIm«b¯v h¨v AÂt^m³km½sb hmgv¯s¸«hfmbn {]Jym]n¨p. 2008 HIvtSm_À 12 \\v AÂt^m³km½¡v hnip² F¶ ]Zhn \\ÂIn. FÃmhÀjhpw Pqsse 19 apX 28 hsc hnip² AÂt^m³km½ 32

Xmcp\\mÄ, A½ Pohn¨ncp¶Xpw I_dnSw ØnXn sN¿p¶Xpamb `cW§m\\¯v BtLmjn¡s¸Sp¶p−v. IpSamfqcnse ap«¯p]mS¯v hoSv, A½sb Úm\\kv\\m\\w sNbvX IpSamfqÀ skâvtacokv s^mtdm\\]Ån, ap«pNnd apco¡³ XdhmSv, `cW§m\\s¯ skâv. AÂt^m³k tIm¬shâv, `cW§m\\s¯ I_dnSw F¶nh AÂt^m³km½bpsS t]cn {]kn²amb XoÀ°mS\\tI{μ§fmWv. 33

34

35