7thGradeBodySystemBook

Body system book By: Kaitlin Darby

The Integumentary and Musculoskeletal systemThe Integumentary system protects the body from it being hurt. It helps the body to keepwater and keeps the body safe from any cuts you get from outside.The Musculoskeletal system​ is made up of the bones of the skeleton, muscles, cartilage,tendons, ligaments, joints, and other connective tissue that supports and binds tissues andorgans together. It supports and gives movement to the body so that it can be strong.

Diseases of the integumentary andmusculoskeletalDiseases/Conditions for the Integumentary System:1. A​ cne/Warts:​ W​ arts are usually small and round growths. Some are rough and some aresmooth. Acne has different types of pimples such as whiteheads, blackheads, nodules, cysts,pustules and papules. While the whiteheads and blackheads have whiteheads or blackheads tothem, the others are red small or large bumps​.2. ​Eczema​: A​ general term that describes inflammation of the skin.3.​ Psoriasis:​ A​ condition in which skin cells build up and form scales and itchy, dry patches.4. S​ kin Cancer​: T​ he abnormal growth of skin cells.Diseases/Conditions for the Musculoskeletal System:1. ​Arthritis​: ​As we age, our joint tissues become less resilient to wear and tear and start todegenerate manifesting as swelling, pain, and oftentimes, loss of mobility of joints.2. ​Osteoporosis​:​ W​ hen too much calcium is dissolved from bones or not enough replaced, boneslose density and are easily fractured.3. O​ steomalacia:​ “Soft bones.” If not enough calcium is deposited during early childhooddevelopment, the bones do not become rock-hard, but rubbery.4. C​ arpal Tunnel Syndrome:​ a​ painful condition of the hand and fingers caused by compressionof a major nerve where it passes over the carpal bones through a passage at the front of thewrist, alongside the flexor tendons of the hand.

Health Careers for integumentary and Musculoskeletal systemCareers for Integumentary:1. Dermatologists are doctors, who have acquired a Dermatology degree froma medical institution and specializes in the diagnosis and cure of skindisorders.2. Plastic surgeon perform operations that change the appearance or look ofa part of a patient's body.Careers for musculoskeletal:1. Physical Therapist is a person that helps people who have injuries orillnesses improve their movement and manage their pain.2. Chiropractor treats patients with health problems of the musculoskeletalsystem, which is made up of the bones, muscles, ligaments, and tendons.

Nervous and special sensesThe nervous system is ​the network of nerve cells and fibers that transmits nerve impulses betweenparts of the body.The special senses system a​ re the senses that have specialized organs devoted to them: vision(the eye) hearing and balance (the ear, which includes the auditory system and vestibularsystem) smell (the nose) taste (the tongue),

Diseases of the Nervous and Special SensesDiseases/conditions of the nervous system:1. ​Encephalocele (craniocele):​ ​is a neural tube defect characterized by sac-like protrusionsof the brain and the membranes that cover it through openings in the skull. These defectsare caused by failure of the neural tube to close completely during fetal development.2. ​Migraine Headache​: a​ recurrent throbbing headache that typically affects one side of thehead and is often accompanied by nausea and disturbed vision.3. M​ eningocele​: ​a protrusion of the meninges through a gap in the spine due to a congenitaldefect.4. ​Hydrocephalus:​ a​ condition in which fluid accumulates in the brain, typically in youngchildren, enlarging the head and sometimes causing brain damage.Diseases/conditions of the Special Senses system:1. M​ eniere’s Syndrome:​ a​ disease of unknown cause affecting the membranous labyrinth of theear, causing progressive deafness and attacks of tinnitus and vertigo.2. I​ mpacted Cerumen:​ ​refers to the buildup of layers of earwax within the ear canal to thepoint of blocking the canal and putting pressure on the eardrum.3. ​Conjunctivitis​: ​inflammation of the conjunctiva of the eye.​ (Pink eye)4. C​ orneal Ulcer:​ ​ ​is an open sore in the outer layer of the cornea. It is often caused byinfection.

Health careers for nervous and Special SensesCareers for Nervous System:Anesthesiologist:​ i​ s a physician trained in anesthesia and perioperative medicine.Psychologist​: ​an expert or specialist in psychology.Careers for Special Senses:Orientation Mobility Specialists:​ ​is a profession which focuses on instructing individuals whoare blind or visually impaired with safe and effective travel through their environment.Vision Rehabilitation Therapists:​ ​teach adaptive independent living skills, enabling adults whoare blind or have low vision to perform a wide range of daily activities.

The Cardiovascular and Respiratory systemThe cardiovascular system your heart works as a pump that pushes blood to the organs,tissues, and cells of your body. Blood delivers oxygen and nutrients to every cell andremoves the carbon dioxide and waste products made by those cells.The respiratory system is a series of organs responsible for taking in oxygen and expellingcarbon dioxide.

The diseases of the Cardiovascular and Respiratory SystemDiseases/ conditions of the cardiovascular system:1. ​Heart Murmur​: Sound the heart makes when blood backflow occurs in the heart.2. ​Coronary Artery Disease​: Atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries.3. P​ laque​: Fatty build up within blood vessels.4. ​Ischemia​: Lack of blood flow.Diseases/ conditions of the Respiratory System:1. P​ haryngitis​: Inflammation in the throat.2. ​Laryngospasm​: Tightening of the voicebox3. ​Hemoptysis:​ Spitting of blood from the lungs because of an infection in the bronchial.4. A​ telectasis​: Lung fails to expand because air can’t pass.

Health Careers For Cardiovascular and RespiratoryCareers for Cardiovascular system:Cardiologist​: a​ re doctors who specialize in diagnosing and treating diseases or conditions ofthe heart and blood vessels—the cardiovascular system.Phlebotomist​:​ is the process of making an incision in a vein with a needle. The procedureitself is known as a venipuncture.Careers For Respiratory System:Respiratory Therapists:​ ​care for patients who have trouble breathing—for example, from achronic respiratory disease, such as asthma or emphysema.Pulmonologist​: A person who is specialized in diagnosing and treating patients with lungproblems and diseases.

Digestive and Urinary SystemThe digestive system ​is a group of organs working together to convert food into energy andbasic nutrients to feed the entire body.The urinary system is a​ group of organs in the body concerned with filtering out excess fluidand other substances from the bloodstream. The substances are filtered out from the bodyin the form of urine. Urine is a liquid produced by the kidneys, collected in the bladder andexcreted through the urethra.

The Diseases of the Digestive and Urinary SystemDiseases/ Conditions of the Digestive System:1. A​ phthous Ulcers:​ R​ ecurrent round or oval sores or ulcers inside the mouth on areas wherethe skin is not tightly bound to the underlying bone, such as on the inside of the lips andcheeks or underneath the tongue.2. C​ left Lip​: O​ penings or splits in the roof of the mouth and lip​.3. ​Halitosis:​ Chronic bad breath4. ​Esophageal Reflux:​ ​A digestive disease in which stomach acid or bile irritates the foodpipe lining.Diseases/ Conditions of the Urinary System:1. H​ ydroureter:​ Water pressure causing enlargement in the ureter.2. ​Cystalgia:​ Pain of the bladder.3. R​ eflux:​ Blockage of the urethra- can cause urine to back up.4. ​Nocturia:​ Excessive urination during the night.

Health Careers for Digestive and Urinary SystemCareers for Digestive System:Dental Hygienist​ : ​ C​ lean teeth, examine patients for signs of oral diseases such as gingivitis,and provide other preventive dental care. They also educate patients on ways to improveand maintain good oral health.Registered Dietician:​ A​ re the food and nutrition experts who can translate the science ofnutrition into practical solutions for healthy living. RDNs use their nutrition expertise to helpindividuals make unique, positive lifestyle changes.Careers for Urinary System:Dialysis Technician​: R​ esponsible for operating the machines that do this and monitoring thepatients undergoing treatment.Nephrologist:​ M​ edical doctor who specializes in kidney care and treating diseases of thekidneys.

The Reproductive SystemThe reproductive system is when you take a man and a woman to make a baby.

Health Careers For The Reproductive SystemCareers For Reproductive system:Theriogenologist​:​ ​Veterinarians with advanced training in reproductive medicine.Reproductive Endocrinologist;​ S​ urgical subspecialty of obstetrics and gynecology that trainsphysicians in reproductive medicine addressing hormonal functioning as it pertains toreproduction as well as the issue of infertility.