Ms-Access notes in english

M.S ACCESSUNIT 1INTRODUCTION OF DATABASEThe advancement in the computer technology with processing power,programming strategies, operating system, and logical & physical easy accessleads to the introduction of effective data handling methodology called as DBMS,the Database management system.putersWHAT IS DATA:- The strategies to keep the recording of the activities in anyorganization existing before the introduction of computer were good enough , forComthe easy retrieval for the generation of required information.Smart7C77h1o8ic7e7497WHAT IS DATABASE:-Collection of data is called Database. Database is a largerepository that store enormous amount of data to produce information as and whenrequired. A complete program that manages the database is called as DBMS.Rules of database are:- 1) Real world information of the database can be changed it a time. 2) To add the database in the data logical. 3) Record of information is not called as database. 4) To make the database in the special work 5) Changed the real world also changed the database

Data items Relationship Constraints SchemeputersADVANTAGE OF DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM:-1) SecurityCom2) Data redundancyart Choice3) Easy to useSm 77718774974) Reliability/ Integrity5) Easy of data access6) Database Sharing.1) Security:- The data in the database can be clearly secured in better way at various levels. Both internal as well as external security on database can be easily imposed.2) Database Sharing:- As the data is stored centrally placed, it can be shared among many people of the organization depending on the requirement.3) Data Redundancy:- The data as it is stored at single place will have no duplication at all.4) Easy to use:- DBMS provides techniques to recover the data stored in database when system crashes because of some failures. It is very easy for the administrator to recover the data whenever it is required.

5) Reliability/ Integrity:- If the same data is duplicated at more then one place, then it needs to be updated properly. If it is not updated then the data loses its reliability or integrity.6) Ease of Data Access:- As the data is stored at one place it can be accessed easily by all the users of database. This access can be granted depending on the user and his/ her level of access.Why use relation database? RDBMS as mentioned earlier is basically relational because of the databasestructure. A two dimensional tabulating is the normal way of recording theactivity or transaction in any organization. R.No Name Add101 SmGNKoaeahppiaalrl t7C7BHB7hPaob1sLoaain8giac7bae7d 4C9o7Rm.Npo uterCsourse102103 101 PGDCA 102 DCA 103 TallyOverview of Database design:- The enterprise or organizationrequired are gathered or collected from the physical database structure. Thisformulation of database structure from the user requirement is called asdatabase design.Normally the database designed with the help of following step:-1) Analysis requirement

2) Design3) Implementation design4) Physical design.1) Analysis Requirement:- The collection of requirements is normally done through interviewing the uses of enterprise. For large organization this may be very time consuming and tiresome process. So, only few key individuals may be interviewed. But it may result in incomplete collection of data.2) Designing:- A Top-down approach, on the other hand, starts with level data model like Entity-Relationship model. The details are added to this model until a satisfactory conceptual design is reached. This E-R model is used toEWnetdeietkyv:ee-nlotSpitya:mc-onaceprtut7alC7str7uhct1uor8ei. c7e74C9o7mputersAttribute:-Key attribute:-Relationship:-Flow line:-

Ex:- Name Ad dr City Name ess City AddressStudent Admi Class ssion3) Implementation Design:- The implementation design starts with the conceptual data model obtained in steps of data design. Steps in implementation design, puters1) Designing user views Com2) A large number of user-views of the database are normally defined on a given database scheme art Choice3) Designing application. Sm 77718774974) Design Review.4) Physical Design:- Physical design is the process of developing an efficient implement able physical database structure from the logical database structure produced from conceptual design step. It is concerned with how data are stored on physical devices and how they are organized. Physical design largely depends on the access methods and internal organization schemes that are available with the DBMS in use.5) Integrity Rules:- Integrity constraints specific to a particular relationaldatabase must be definable in the relational data sublanguage and storable incatalogue not in the applicable programs.1) Domain integrity2) Entity integrity3) Relation integrityKeys:- Key are attribute or attribute set. They are use one entity (row) toanother entity. Several keys are there1) Primary key

2) Foreign key 3) Super key 4) Composite key 5) Candidate key 1) Primary key:- Some attribute of the relation in the row is the uniquely identify is called primary key a) uniquely b) Not null 2) Foreign key:- Only one database to another database work in the primary key 3) Composite key:- many attribute in the primary key. 4) Super key:- Many names of super key are primary key or composite key puters5) Candidate key:- Some attribute or a group of attribute, Row of the relation is uniquely identify and select the primary key.art Choice ComRelationship:- Relationships may exist between entities. Thee possible differentSm 7771877497types of relationships based on the cardinality are one-to-one, one-to-many, many-to-one, many-to-many. 1) One-to-one Relationship:- The entities of entity set A are exactly associated only entity of entity of entity set B. Such an association or relationship is called as one-to-one association. 2) One-to-many Relationship:- Each entity of entity set A if associated is associated with more than one entity of entity set B. Such an association or relationship is called as one-to-many association. 3) Many-to-many Relationship:- The one or more entities of entity set A are associated with more than one entity of entity set B. Such an association or relationship is called as many-to-many associationNormalization:- Normalization is a technique by which a complex conceptualdatabase structure is decomposed to smaller manageable relation schema. Thenormalization process produces quality relation schemas or simply relations. Theserelations obtained ensure database operations with endurable effects.Normalization is very important in the case of bottom-up approach where eachuser view is decomposed or broken down into simpler and stable structures. Even

in the case of top-down approach E-R modeling the resultant relation schemes arenormalized to achieve a better design.Type of Normalization:- 1) First normal form 2) Second normal form 3) Third normal form 4) BCNF (Byce code normal form) 5) Forth normal form 6) Fifth normal form.Introduction to MS-Access:- When a flexible system for organizing andanalyzing a large amount of data is needed, it’s a good idea to build a database.Microsoft Access 2002 adds valuable capabilities to the process Access DatabaseTechnology. It offers new ways to view data, along with compatibility andintegration with other programs.putersAccess is a relational database management system (RDBMS). Access stores andComretrieves information and automates repetitive tasks like maintaining accounts orart Choiceperforming inventory control. It can create easy-to-use input forms to display theSm 7771877497information in any way that user need. It can also generate powerful reports in theformat required by the users.Access has a table created, a form designer, a query manager, a report writer.These can be used to:- 1) Build a database plan and create a table, and create a database, create a table, and fields and data to the table. 2) Manage data, sort records, use filters to sort, create and run a query. 3) Analyze data, create and use forms to access and analyze information in a database create Microsoft Pivot Table and Microsoft Pivot Chart dynamic views. 4) Report findings; create a report based on any aspect of the data collected. There are seven main elements of a database:- 1) Table 2) Form 3) Query 4) Report 5) Macros 6) Modules

1) Table:- The tables are used to store data. A database can have more than one table in it. The tables are the only place where actually the data of the database are stored.2) Forms:- The forms are used to enter and edit the data in tables. The form can also be used to view one record at a Time. Different styles of forms are available to visualize the data in required format.3) Queries:- The queries are created to filter the data from the table so, selected records or fields can be retrieved from the tables.4) Reports:- The reports are used to prepare a professional presentation in the form of required information. The generated report can be printed out in the form of hard copy to present the analysis.5) Macros:- The macros are used to automate the tasks that are performed frequently in a database.6) Modules:- The Modules are used to automate a group of related procedures in Access 2002. a procedure is a collection statement to perform some task. Smart7C77h1o8ic7e74C9o7mputersIt gives the glimpse of programming.

Unit 2Create a table in MS-Access/ add record:-Microsoft Access follows traditional database terminology. The terms database,table, record, field and value indicate a hierarchy from largest to smallest.The table is the container for row information called data.Step 1:- Select File menu.Step 2:- Click new, if the new file dialog box is not open already.Step 3:- Click “Blank Database” under the new category.putersStep 4:- The file New Database dialog box opens. User can see any existing MDBfiles in the file list part of the window. The save in combo box may initially openComto the My document folder. Navigate to the folder where new database file is to beart Choiceplaced.Sm 7771877497Step 5:- A default name of db1:mdb will appear in the file name text box at thebottom of the window-simply type over this default name with the name user wantto give the database.Step 6:- Click the create button.In Diagram:- File New Blank database Enter database

Create Create table in designing view Enter field and data type Close Save tableStep 6:- CreaSte amnewatarbEt7len.EC7tne7thre1droa8rtieac7coie7nrd4fiCe9ldo7mputersStep 7:- Enter each field name, data type and description.Step 8:- Close the window.Step 9:- Save table.Data Type:- This indicates the type of value that will be entered into the fields.The data types supported by Access are, 1) Text 2) Memo 3) Number 4) Data/time 5) Yes/no 6) Hyperlink 7) Currency.

1) Text:- The default type, text type allows any combination of letters andnumbers up to a maximum of 255 characters per field record.2) Memo:- Text types that store up to 64,000 characters.3) Number:- Only numeric values are stored using this data type.4) Date and Time:- A date, time or combination of both.5) Yes/no:- Use this option for True/ False, Yes/No, On/Off, or other values that must be only one of two.6) Hyperlink:- A hyperlink will link to an Internet or Internet site, or another location in the database. The data consists of up to four parts each separated by the pound sign(#)puters7) Currency:- Monetary values that can be set up to automatically include a Comdollar sign ($) and proper comma positions and decimals.Smart7C77h1o8ic7e7497Field Properties:-Property Type DescriptionField size Limits a Text field to a specific number of characters or a number field to the range of numbers it can store.Format Controls the way data appears in Datasheet view.Decimal Places Displays a set number of decimal places. This property type has no effect on number fields using the general format and is available for number and currency fields onlyInput Mask Sts a pattern that determines the input format of data, such as the hyphens in a telephone number.Caption Specifies a label other than the field name that appears in the table and on forms and report.Default value Displays a specified value for a field in new record.

Validation Rule Limits the data entered to meet a certain requirement.Validation Text Specifies the text user want to appear in an error message if the data entered violates the validation rule.Required Specifies that the field cannot be left empty when entering dates into a record.Length Determines whether or not user can enter adjacent quotation marks (“”) in a field to indicate that there is no data for that field in the record.Indexed Speeds up retrieval of data in a field. All primary key fields are automatically indexed.putersDelete Record:- Removing record from the table is called as deleting record.To delete a record on a datasheet by placing the cursor in any field of the recordComrow and select Edit, then click on Delete Record from the menu bar or click theart ChoiceDelete Record button on the datasheet toolbar. Sm 7771877497Select row Edit menu Delete YesEditing Record:- Making changes in the records is called as editing therecords. To edit records, simply place the cursor in the record that is to beedited and make the necessary changes to the respective field as per the need.Use the arrow keys to move through the record grid. To previous, next, first,

and last record buttons at the bottom of the datasheet are helpful in browsingthrough the database Select text Edit menu Cut, Copy, DeleteSorting and filtering:- sorting and filtering allow viewing records in atable in a different way either by re-ordering all of the records in the table orputersviewing only those records in a table that meet certain criteria specified. ThisComoperation either sorting or filtering is used to view selected records from thetable.art ChoiceSorting:- If the records in a table are to be viewed in a different order thanSm 7771877497they appear then they be sorted in the required order. The records can be sortedby a date or in alphabetical order.The steps to execute a simple sort of records in a table based on the values ofone field.In table view, place the cursor in the column that to be sorted, select Record,click sort and click sort Ascending or select Records, click sort and click sortDescending from the menu bar or click the sort Ascending or sort Descendingbuttons on the toolbar. Select Field Record Menu Ascending/ Descending

Filter:- Select field Record menu Filter Filter by selectionComputersFind and replace:-art ChoiceFinding data in a Table:- Data in a datasheet can be quickly located bySm 7771877497using the find command.Step 1:- Open the table in datasheet view.Step 2:- Place the cursor in any record in the field that to search andselect Edit, and click find from the menu bar.Step 3:- Enter the value criteria in the find what box.Step 4:- From the Look In:- drop-down menu, define the area of thesearch by selecting the entire table or just the field in the table.Step 5:- Select the matching criteria from match.Step 6:- When all of the search criteria are set, click the find Nextbutton. If more than one record meets the criteria, keep clicking, findNext until the required record is reached.

Open Table Edit menu Find Dialog box SmaFFirinntd7d wCn7eh7xahtt1o8ic7e74C9o7mputersReplace:- The replace function allows user to quickly replace a single occurrenceof data with a new value or to replace all occurrences in the entire table. The listingof steps for replace operation is,Step 1:- Select Edit and click Replace from the menu bar (or click the Replace tabif the find window is already open).Step 2:- Follow the steps described in the find procedure for searching for the datathat should be replace and type the new value of the data in the Replace with box.Step 3:- Click the find next button to step through occurrences of the data in thetable and click the Replace button to make single Replacements. Click Replace Alltoo change all occurrence of the data in one step.

Open table Edit menu Replace Dialog box Smart7C77h1oRF8Reiinpec7dlpael7wcaehc4eaaClt9l o7mputersRearrange column and freezing column:-Resize Row and columns:- The height of rows on a datasheet can be changed bydragging the gray sizing line between row labels up and down with the mouse. Bychanging the height on one row, the height of all rows in the datasheet will bechanged to the new value.Column width can be changed in a similar way be dragging the sizing line betweencolumns. Double click on the line to have the column automatically fit the longestvalue of the column. Unlike rows, columns on a datasheet can be different widths.More exact values can be assigned by selecting, then click column width from themenu bar

Select row/column Row height/ column height Dialog box Type height & width putersOkCom.Smart7C77h1o8ic7e7497Columns freezing:- Similar to freezing panes in Excel, columns on an Accesstables can be frozen. This is helpful if the datasheet has many columns and relevantdata would otherwise not appear on the screen at the same time freeze a column byplacing the cursor in any record in the column and select format. Then click freezecolumns from the menu bar. Select the same option to unfreeze a single column orselect format, than click freeze columns from the menu bar, select the same optionto unfreeze a single column or select format, then click unfreeze All column.

Select row/column Format menu Select freeze column Unfreeze columnputersEdit a table:- By using he copy and paste option from the Edit menu or thetoolbar buttons, the users can copy any table in the database. When user pastes theComtable back into the database, user can choose from three option buttons. art Choicea) Structure only Sm 7771877497b) Structure and Data c) Append Data to Existing Table.

Select table Edit menu Copy table Edit menu/ paste Dialog box putersSelect Structure only art Choice ComType table name/ okSm 7771877497Delete Table:- Entire columns can be deleted by placing the cursor in thecolumn and selecting Edit, then click. Delete column from the menu bar. Select table Edit menu Delete tableRenaming Tables:- A tables can be renamed with these steps 1) Select the table name in the Database window. 2) Click once on the table name

3) Type the name of the new table and press EnterA table can also be renamed by selecting Edit, Rename or by right-click a table andselecting rename from the shortcut menu.After changing the table name, it appears in the Tables list, which re-sorts thetables in alphabeticalOrder Select table Format menu SmCahrat7nRgC7eent7haab1mole8einc7ame7e4C9o7mputersModify Structure:- This allows the user to create the table field by field. Thefields and their data types(depending on the domain) are decided before the start ofdesign for betterment of design.

Select table Right click on table Designer view Table structure windowImport Table wizard:- This allows selecting an external data source and creatingputersa new table containing a copy of the data found in that source, the wizard takesComuser through the import process. Smart7C77h1o8ic7e7497Open database File Get external data Select database for import/ impact Select table/Ok

UNIT 3Working with query setting up relationship:-Define relationship:- Theoretically speaking in ease of RDBMS a relationship isan associative between two entity set. In a table create from this relationship theparticipating entity sets key fields are considered. But in case of Access, arelationship exists between two tables when a key field from one table is matchedto a key field in another table. The fields in both tables usually have the samename, data type, and size.Type of Relationship:- Several types of relationship are:- puters1) One to one relationship. Com2) One to many relationship art Choice3) Many to many relationship.Sm 7771877497Add a Relationship:- Relationship between Access tables are established in therelationship window. To open the relationship window click Relationship on thetoolbar with the Database window active. Select database Tool menu Double click on field Edit relationship dialog box

Changing the join type, saving and deleting relationship:-Changing the join type:- To establish a relationship between two tables, thefollowing steps are used.Step 1:- Open the Relationships windowStep 2:- If Relationships window is opened for the first for a particular database,the show Table dialog appears. Select each table user wants to relate and click add.Step 3:- If relationships are established already in the current database, therelationship window appear. If the tables that user want to include in therelationship do not appear, click on the show Table button on the toolbar. To addthe desired tables to the relationships window, click to select a table and then clickadd. SmaOpretnR7erC7lealat7ihtoion1noshs8hiipic7pmde7eant4uaCb9asoe7mputers Edit relationshipDeleting a relationship:- Modifying an existing relationship is easy. Access givesuser the ability to delete an existing relationship or to simply modify the nature ofthe relationship. User can modify the relationship, using the following steps.Step 1:- With the Database window active, click relationship on the toolbar.Step 2:- Double- click on the line joining the two tables whose relationship is to bemodified.Step 3:- Make the required changes.

Step 4:- Click ok. All the ordinary rules requiring the establishment of relationshipapply.Remove a Relationship:-Step 1:- With the Database window active, click relationship on the toolbar.Step 2:- Single click on the line joining the two tables whose relationship user wantto delete.Step 3:- Top Delete key. User is asked to verify action. Open Relation database ComputersRight click on relationship link Smart7C77h1o8ic7e7497Right click on relationship link YesSaving a Relationship:- To establish a relationship between two table, to displaythe option , write a name and click ok button then to save the relationship.Query and filter:- The database as the name suggest contains large quantity ofdata within it. Storage of data is not the only major functionality of any DBMS. Agood DBMS must provide enough facilities to question the database.Creating of queries and filters involves tasks such as sorting data, choosing data(setting criteria), and selecting tables and fields. Queries are move versatile thanfilters. They are used:-

To update large quantity of records in a table To delete large quantity of record from the table To add large number of records to a table To do signification.Filters:- A filter generally specifies a condition which is applied to the data of thetable. It in order displays a subset of records of a table. It hides all the recordswhich do not fulfill the given condition or find the number of order placed by thesame customer, he can use a filter to sort the data by customer name or hisidentification number customer IQ.In Access 2002, records can be filtered in four ways. 1) Filter by form puters2) Filter by selection 3) Filter for input data Com4) Advanced filter sort. Smart7C77h1o8ic7e74971) Filter by form:- This type of filter is used when user wants to choose the values he/she is searching for, from a list without scrolling through all the records, or when he wants to specify multiple criteria at the same time. Step 1:- Open the table in Datasheet view, click the filter by from button on the toolbar, to switch to the filter by form window. Step 2:- Click the field in which user wants to specify the criteria that records must meet to be included in the filtered set of records, and then in the pull-down list that appears, click the criterion. For example, click the state field, and then click Haryana in the list. Step 3:- On the toolbar, click the apply filter button.

Open table in datasheet view Select field Record menu Filter option Filter by formputers2) Filter by selection:- This type of filter is used when user can easily find and Comselect the value he/she wants the filtered records to contain art ChoiceStep 1:- Open the table open in datasheet view. Sm 7771877497Step 2:- Click the item that user wants to use to filter data. For example, if he/she wants the table to show only Haryana in any record in the customer table. Step 3:- On the toolbar, click the filter by selection button.

Open table in datasheet view Select record Record menu Filter by selection3) Filter for input data:- This type of filter is used when the focus is in a field and user just wants to type in place the exact value he/she is searching for or putersthe expression whose result he/she want to use as condition or criteria, or when he/she wants to specify multiple criteria or conditions at once. art Choice ComStep 1:- Open a table in the Datasheet view. Sm 7771877497Step 2:- Right-click a field and enter a value or expression in the filter fortext box, then press Enter. Open table in datasheet view Right click on record4) Advanced filter/ sort:- This type of filter is opted to search for records that meet multiple criteria, search for records that meet one criterion or another criterion, or enter expressions as criteria. Step 1:-Open a table or query, in the Datasheet view. Step 2:- Choose Records, filter, advanced filter/ sort.

Step 3:- This open a design window, which contain table selected and portion for selecting fields and applying sort on them. Enter the criteria and sort user want in the design window. Queries:- A query can be a simple question about data stored in a single table, or it can be a complex question about data stored in several tables. The Queries make the users to perform following operations. 1) Choose tables 2) Choose fields 3) Records arrange/sort or perform calculation on record. 4) Table, form and report based on query.1) Choose table:- User can obtain information from a single table or from many tables that are related by some common data.puters2) Choose fields:- User can specify which fields from each table he/she wants Comto see in the resultant output.art Choice3) Sort/ perform calculation on record:- User can queries to sort the data in a Sm 7771877497specific order or to perform calculation on the data such as average or totaling etc.4) Create tables, forms and report based on query:- User may need a new table/form or report to be formed from the combined data resulting from a query.Create query with one table:- A query can be created in several waysbased on requirements of the user. After creating tables and inputting data inthem, user is ready to work with queries.To begin a query creation process, follow the following steps:-Step 1:- From the database window, click the ‘Queries’ button.Step 2:- Click the new button. The new Query dialog box will appear.Step 3:- Select any option from the given five choices. Starting with the easiestone, which is a simple query wizard option.

Step 4:- Selecting a wizard, opens a window which has options to select anytables or query on which the query should be based.Step 5:- Select the table and the available fields in that table and click next.Step 6:- The next window finishes the wizard giving options to name the queryand to open in design view. After choosing appropriate option click finish. Thisgenerates a new query which can be modified in the design view. Select query option SmaSrNelt7eewcC7t wd7haint1adobo8aiwsc7ee74C9o7mputers Create query in designing New window Select table and field Give a query name then finishRun Query:- User can run a query from query Design view or directly from thedatabase window. To run a query the following steps are performed.

Step 1:- From the query tab of the Database window, double-click the queryname to run it.Step 2:- From the Query Design View, click the database view button to showthe results of a select query or preview the result of an query.Step 3:- From the Query Design View, click the run button to execute the activequery. This button function same as the Datasheet view button for selectqueries.Step 4:- From Datasheet View, if user wants to re-query, press shift+f9.Saving a query:-putersTo save a query while working in design mode, follow this procedure.art Choice ComStep 1:- Select file-> Save from the Query Design window or click the saveSm 7771877497button on the toolbar.Step 2:- If this is the first time user is saving the query, enter a new query namein the save as dialog box.Find Duplicate Record with Query:- One of the most frustrating parts aboutmanaging data is trying to dispose of the duplicate entity. Access can showwhich records have exact duplicates. User can then decide which record todelete. Before creating a primary key on a table with existing data, user shouldsearch for any duplicate entry and remove it. For finding a duplicate entry,perform the following steps.Step 1:- On the Queries tab of the Database window, choose New and doubleclick find Duplicates Query Wizard.Step 2:- On the first step of the wizard, double click the table or query which auser wants to select.Step 3:- Double click the field that will identify duplicates. Choose Next.

Step 4:- Double click any additional fields user wants to display in the query.Choose Next.Step 5:- Give Query a name and click the finish button.Find unmatched Query wizard:-As user designs a database he/she might need to check how data from twoexisting tables are related. This will be especially true if user plans on creating arelationship between the tables and enforcing referential integrity. To do soperform the following steps.Step 1:- In the Query tab of the Database window, choose the New button andselect find unmatched. Query wizard.putersStep 2:- Double click the table where the parent records are located.art Choice ComStep 3:- On the next screen, double click the table where the child records areSm 7771877497located.Step 4:- On the third screen, choose the name of the related field in both listsand choose text.Step 5:- On the next screen choose which fields user wants to display and afterclicking next name the query and finish to create the query.Find record with select Query:- Select queries are the most commontypes. As the name suggest, the select query selects information from one ormore tables, creating a dynaset and displaying that this information in adatasheet that can be used to analyze any data. It is possible now to make thechanges to the records also. The change to the records is done one by one.

UNIT 4Working with formsIntroduction to forms:- Data storage in large quantity is not the only majorfunction of Access. The data stored in a database table is retrieved to produceproper information. The data to be stored in a table of database must becollected. This presentation of either data retrieval or collection must be in aproper and attractive manner. This is another major function of Access. This isachieved in a format called form.putersComposition of a form:- For the sake of making a form attractive anddistributing the controls Access forms can be divided into different section.ComNormally a form is logically divided into three sections.Smart7C77h1o8ic7e7497Header:- The header section of the form is normally used to provide a headingto the form.Detail:- Detail section of a form is the main section. It is the most importantsection of the form.Footer:- The footer section of the form is used to display information that doesnot change from record to record.Type of basic forms:- On the basis of functionality the forms can becategorized into six types. The names and their respective usage is as follow:-1) Columnar forms2) Tabular forms3) Main forms/Sub-forms4) Datasheet forms5) Pivot table forms6) Graphs.

1) Columnar forms:- In a columnar forms, the fields of the table are arranged as columns. The values for each record are displayed next to each field and they are also in columnar format. The form may be in one or more screen pages, lines, boxes and special effects enable the user to make presentable easy-to-use forms.2) Tabular forms:- User can format any part of a tabular form as column forms, column headers can span lines and be formatted separately from the records. Tabular forms can have multiple rows per record. Users can add special effects to the fields, field controls can be option buttons, command buttons, and text boxes etc. Order ID, customer ID, Order Date and shipping are fields of the table.puters3) Main/sub forms:- Main/sub form is generally used to display data of the tables which are with one-to-many relationship. In ease of one-to-many Comassociation so, for each table a form is required separately to display data art Choicefrom each. So, this type of form combines both the forms and datasheets. A Sm 7771877497sub form can show one or more records as per the requirement of the user.4) Datasheet form:- Datasheet form simply displays the datasheet form of rows and columns. It looks more like a spreadsheet or a table rather than a form. The format of the form is table order Details.5) Graphs:- Pivot chart supports different bar charts, pie charts and other chart types for presenting the data graphically. User can show a statistical comparison with different colors bars. Filters may also be used at the design time for selecting a particular field for display.Add header and footer:- The header and footer sections of the form are usedto display information that does not change from record to record. From headerand footers are added by click view-> Form header/ footer in the main menubar.Step 1:- Open a form in Design view.

Step 2:- Select view-> Form Header/footer to display the form header and footer from the main menu bar. Step 3:- Select the label control and move the label control straight up from Header section. Step 4:- Resize the form header to fit the label control properly. Step 5:- Close the form footer section by dragging the form footer bottom border to meet the top border. Open form in designing view SmHaeraVtd7ieeCr7wa7hnmd1eonf8ouioc7tee7r 4C9o7mputersAdd field to form:- Fields can be easily added to a form using the field listwindow. The field list window contains all the fields that are part of the recordsource for the form.Step 1:- Make sure the field list window is visible. If it is not, click on the field listbutton on the toolbar.Step 2:- Locate the desired field to add to the form. Click and drag the field fromthe field list to the location on the form where it is to be appeared. The attachedlabel appears to the left of where user drops the control.

Open form in designing view View menu Field list Field list/ Drag & drop fieldputersAdd text to form use label option button:- Labels are nothing but tags usedto display information to the users. Attached labels are automatically added to formComas user adds other controls such as text boxes, combo boxes, and so on.Smart7C77h1o8ic7e7497The label tool, found in the toolbox, can be used to add any text to the form.Step 1:- Click the label tool.Step 2:- Then click and drag the label to place it on the form. Open form in designing form Tool box Select label Drag & draw on form

Combo box:- Access offers several easy ways to add a combo box to a form. Ifthe Display control property of a combo box is automatically added to a form whenthe field is added to the form.To add a combo box to a form:-Step 1:- Select the combo box tool in the toolbox.Step 2:- Click and drag to place the combo box on the form. Open form in designing form SmSeleacTtroct7oolmC7bob7xho 1boo8xic7e74C9o7mputers Drag & draw on formCheck box:- Check boxes are used when user wants to limit the answer toentering one of two values. The values entered can be limited to yes/no, true/false,or on/off. A check box to a form can be added in several ways.Step 1:-Set the Display control of the underlying field to check box and then clickand drag the field from the field list to the form.Step 2:- Click the check box tool in the toolbox, and then click and drag a fieldfrom the field from the field list to the form. This method adds a check box to theform even if the display control of the underlying field is not a check box.

Step 3:- Click the checkbox toolbox in the toolbox, and then click and drag to adda check box to the form. The check box added is unbound. To bind the check boxto data, user must set the control source property of the control. Open form in designing form Tool box Select check box art Choice ComputersDrag & draw on formSm 7771877497List box:- List boxes are very similar to combo boxes but differ from them in threemajor ways.Step 1:- They consume more screen space.Step 2:- They allow to user to select only from the list that is displayed. This meansthat user cannot type new values into a list box.Step 3:- They can be configured to allow user to select multiple items.