Mega Science 2.0: Transportation Sector

Mega Science | Transportation SectorFUTURE NEEDS PROPOSED RECOMMENDATIONS / STRATEGIES(R&D) ACTION PLANS 2035 2020 2050R&D on transport In the National Land Transport Master Upgrading the East Coast Rail Link Connectionsystem planning to Plan by SPAD, improved connectivity Peninsular railway Connection through fromevaluate the master has already been suggested. into Electrified Double KL-Kuantan. 1) Butterworthplan for future rail For ECRL, a feasibility study is Track (from Johor to Penangnetwork in Malaysia, currently being conducted by ECER, Bahru to Butterworth). A third line: east Islandsuch as outlined in but results are yet to be released. coast rail network 2) Kedah toNPP 2. Connection to Melaka from Johor Baharu Langkawi (According to SPAD). to Kuantan to UnderseaCivil and Research institutes should participate Tumpat(according to connectionconstruction in the human capital development Sabah: Undergoing SPAD). betweenresearch, capable and knowledge transfer (in transport feasibility study West to Eastfor mitigating terrain system planning). Railway in Sarawak, Malaysiaand geographical as part of SCORE (similar tolimitations, capable plan (Announced Eurostarto catering local by Sarawak concept)environment need. Government, without revealing the timeline). Connection from Melaka to SumatraHigh speed train NPP2 Study on the most If positive outcome Maglev trainstechnology A national integrated high-speed rail feasible rail system, is obtained from the(E.g. the use of shall be established to complement the and the viability of the feasibility studies issimple single line existing rail network - feasibility study high speed rail. positive, then highinstead of complex is currently being conducted by SPAD. Identify COE/Setup speed trains could becompound line Instead of insisting on high-speed rail, research Institute on implementedfor powering high study on the most feasible rail system Rail Technology.speed train in for Malaysia should be conducted -Shinkansen). Fast train instead of high-speed trainEconomic feasibilitystudies Develop the relevant human resources, to avoid over relying on foreign expert for constructing, operating and upgrading the rail infrastructure, e.g. sending potential researchers to be trained, and provide planned career path Identify Centre of Excellence (COE) or set up designated research institute specialised on rail technology.

Mega Science | Transportation Sector 3) Lack high speed Investment & technology Impact of transnational transnational train (Check KTM’s evaluation railway, in terms of economic, operation on transnational). social (population and migration), political, legal • It takes about a day (24 Investment from private as well as other aspects hours) to travel from companies (to refer to that need to be carefully Butterworth to Bangkok Japanese, and Taiwan’s evaluated. using current train service, models for high speed train and 8 hours from KL to investment) Woodland • KL-Singapore high speed train is proposed, but details of the project is yet to be announced • Singapore – Kunming line has been proposed by • ASEAN secretariat 4 coaches EMU Rely on external expertise Traction technology and rail 1) Stagnant 80 per cent train for facility and technology facilities, especially in terms of Regenerative upgrade (Bombardier – local experts. utilisation - limited LRT linear induction Kelana Jaya line, CSRIntra- passengers during off- motor (for the China - Ampang line,city Rail peak priod Kelana Jaya Scomi – still relying on(LRT, Star Could not increase or extend LRT line) – less foreign technology).Monorail, number of coaches because maintenance, Limitation of the tractionMRT) of gearless technology and facility. i) track way length technology limitation, (driverless) ii) design limitation (only up Monorail/EMU – to 4 coaches) traction motor iii) istation design (catered for 4 coaches train) vi) the minimum 2 minutes The high initial and Rail-oriented city planning. headway operating cost requires a minimum passenger 2) Limited Usage density (25,000 per hour) in Intracity rail is only used order for intracity rail to be in Klang Valley area. economically sustainable. Low awareness of using public transport

Mega Science | Transportation SectorMultidisciplinary NPP 2 suggested the implementation Complete evaluation Malaysia (KL)- Trans-Asianresearch is required of high-speed rail from Singapore – KL of theapplicability Singapore line should Railway (untilto understand the – Bangkok, as part of the Trans-Asian of high speed be established. Kunming)economic, social, Railway (NPP29 – IP23). international rail.legal and political Feasibility study on transnational rail G2G MOU Upgrade from doubleimpacts. needs to be completed first. to 4 dedicated tracksLocal experts on Develop relevant human capital, which Using regenerative Under the NKEA, Malaysia willtraction technology allows upgrading of the technology linear induction motor there is intention to be the worldand rail facilities. using local expertise. – less maintenance, develop new local leader in trainTransfer technology Technology transfer gearless technology technology such as manufacturing Increase collaborations with local (driverless) the rail maintenance, (such as the universities and COEs in terms of Complete feasibility repair and overhaul Bombardier) technology studies (MRO) (lead by SPAD. Upgrade facilities based on a master MIGHT will lead the plan for intracity rail. This is outlined offset programme through NPP. to ensure local technology is used to promote in-house capabilities) Ensure the facilities are scalable for future needs.R&D on city NPP 2 suggested that rail transport Evaluation on the Development and Fullplanning should be incorporated into the potential for rail- implementation of implementationincorporating the transport system in the major cities based transport in railway system in in all cities inconcept of transit (NPP32). cities throughout Msia major cities, e.g. JB, Malaysia.(rail) oriented Evaluate the potential of using rail completed. Penang.development. as main mode of transports in cities beyond Klang valley. Master plan for Rail-oriented city development. rail-oriented city Increase public awareness to use development. public transport

Mega Science | Transportation Sector 3) Customer service The use of CSI To ensure complaints are Use of STI for improving RAPIDKL’s customer every 3 months dealt with and resolved planning and monitoring of satisfaction survey shows to evaluate timely the train movements, to give 80% However, some train operators’ To ensure the train’s air- frequent and reliable service. intracity lines (e.g. KTM) service conditioning system is fully Continuous passenger services could be improved Self-ticketing functioning improvements using ICT and machine To encourage the public to social media network (such as Touch-and-go use auto-reload card (e.g. Twitter). prepaid card Myrapid card) A fully integrated system 4) Inefficient Feeder Mini bus Rely on bus, which share Effective feeder system road resource with other planning Limited, low quality service. public transports. Very often unreliable. Subjected to road condition (e.g. traffic, physical, weather). Some other types of rail Not available Public education to Feasibility studies transports is not utilised in in Malaysia improve driving etiquette Malaysia, for instance: currently and attitude 1) Tram 2) Monorail (to solve land scarcity issues)Othertypes of railtransports

Mega Science | Transportation SectorStudy on effective Use of Intelligent Transportation Real time internet Integrated tickets for Integratedrail planning to give System (ITS), allowing open and access to monitor all transports, and tickets for allfrequent and reliable accessible information on movement train schedule, delays, infrastructures public serviceservice of train (accurate information on train failures provision andUse of ICT to arrival and departure of each train) for other retailimprove rider’s passengers Improve connectivity industriescomfort. SPAD to monitor service performance by expanding the via auditing and direct feedback from intra-city rail, with high customers passenger carrying capacity, such as mass rapid transit (MRT) (this is currently being done)Effective feeder Improve feeder service to be frequent Master plan for Klang Implement improved Implementsystem planning and reliable by usingdesignated/ Valley area that outline feeder system for feeder systemFeasibility studies elevated bus lane for feeder bus. (e.g. the development Klang Valley area. for other parts elevated lane used in Sunway) of intrarail and its in Malaysia. Explore the possibility of using other supporting feeder types of rail transport. system. Bus Transit System – BTS under development in Sunway Electric vehicles on dedicated lane Depending on the outcome of the feasibility studies, other modes of rail transports should be included in the Master plan for transportation

Mega Science | Transportation SectorLogical Framework Analysis (LFA) – Aerospace CURRENT CURRENT TECHNOLOGY CHALLENGES GAPS IN STATUS KNOWLEDGEPassengers Terminal Size (no of international and Airport with advanced Expertise on airportincreasing at 4 domestic passengers) - KLIA is designed to technology focussed only at design.Technologymillion a year: handle up to 100 million passengers per year KLIA used in airport e.g.2020- 102 million, baggage, handling,2035- 120 million, KLIA is the first airport in the world to use Terminal facilities not able to face recognition2050 -182 million. the Total Airport Management Systems handle increasing passenger system, weapon/Increase of 78 per (TAMS) volume, e.g. baggage handling explosive detectioncent system, air traffic controller, system. Runaway (Numbers and length) – KLIA has airport securityAir movement: two full-service runways that can handle Technology used2020- 1.04 million, 120 movements per hour; when one runway Insufficient runaways in air traffic control,2035-1.19 million, handles taking off, another handles landing particularly on landing2050,1.64 million- Runaway length cannot and takeoff.increase of 57 per Terminal Capacity – KLIA transport baggage accommodate larger sizecent by Siemens between the two terminals at aircrafts Technical support for speeds of up to 36 km per hour, compared large aircrafts, e.g.Cargo movement to the previous rate of 7.2 km per hour. Existing air traffic control A380.stagnant at 800 The new system uses a high-speed tray system cannot cope with themillion kg conveyor system in which bags are placed growing traffic Insufficient engineers on individual trays for better control and trained in advancedMajor Airports: tracking at high speed Limited capability of local manufacturing companies to support bigger technology of aircraftKLIA Number of aircrafts that can be aircrafts than 737 parts/components.Penang accommodated – KLIA with its 75 rampSenai stands, is capable of handling 120 aircraft Components and parts notKota Kinabalu movements at a time manufactured locallyMiriKuching Size of aircrafts -The runways at KLIA are Lack of local expertise/ able to accommodate the Airbus A380 companies to develop technology for local conditions Air traffic control system - airport has CAT II Precision Landing ILS to guide landing aircraft safely under all weather conditions with visibility as low as 350 metres (1,150 ft)

Mega Science | Transportation Sector FUTURE NEEDS PROPOSED 2020 STRATEGIES 2050 (R&D) RECOMMENDATIONS / Establish joint venture 2035 DevelopingR&D should be relevant ACTION PLANS research and training Malaysianto the aircraft industry. institutes with major Local vendors aircraft for rural Identify focus area for aircraft manufacturers producing aircraft transportationR&D should be focussed training and R&D components and in Sabah andon technology that parts Sarawak.supports existing aircraft, Increase training facilitiesimprovement in safety and trainers for existing Establish programs in Local R&D Developingand airport management aircraft technology local universities on companies to indigenoussuch as efficient baggage airport management and support research technologyhandling, passenger Training researchers technology on aircraft for airportmovement, and security. on existing and future development management such aircraft technologies in Establish R&D focussed of major as baggage RFIDR&D focussed on collaboration with aircraft on developing technology manufacturers tracking, landingimproving aircraft fuel makers such as Boeing to support aerospace system for minorefficiency, passenger and Airbus transportation such as in Local R&D airports etc.comfort, safety etc. airport security, etc companies Develop local companies developingDeveloping local R&D that support future technologies forspecialised companies. aircraft and airport airport design, technologies construction and management Special funding for companies conducting R&D on aircraft support and airport technology

Mega Science | Transportation SectorLogical Framework Analysis (LFA) – AerospaceCURRENT CURRENT TECHNOLOGY STATUS KLIA Advance Cargo Centre covers 108 acres (0.4 km2) of land and can handle one million tonnes of cargo per annum, with the capability to expand to 3 million tonnes/year. MAS Engineering aircraft maintenance of only existing fleet ATR 42/72, B737 Series, A320 family, B747 Series, B777 Series, A330 Family, A340 Family. Engineering specialised services- component workshop is equipped to carry out repair and overhaul on landing gear for B737, airframe accessories, hydraulics systems, fuel systems, hydrostatic bottles and sanitary equipment’s. -Facilities to perform repair and overhaul for electrical components, instrumentations, ATEC systems and radios.

Mega Science | Transportation Sector

Mega Science | Transportation SectorLogical Framework Analysis (LFA) – Maritime Industry (Transportation)CURRENT STATUS CURRENT TECHNOLOGY CHALLENGES GAPS IN KNOWLEDGEContainer increase 1,100 million Port Klang handles almost 50 per cent of Exceeding port ExpertiseTEU’s per year: Malaysia’s sea-borne container trade capacity by 2050 in logistics2020 - 39,800 million TEUs information2035 - 45,300 million TEUs Port Klang’s vessel traffic management Vessel traffic system network system2050 - 61,800 million TEUs. system (VTMS) for navigational safety in the unable to cope with(67 per cent increase) port waters increasing number Knowledge inTotal ship calls increase 457 per of vessels technologiesyear: The ACC or Area Control Centre’s radar to improve port2020 - 72,841; covers a radius of 26 nautical miles offshore. Terminal operators efficiency2035- 75,127; The other two radar sites are located on are faced with2050- 81,984. Pulau Angsa and Bukit Jugra continuous increase Knowledge(29.9 per cent increase) in demand for and skills in This system provides information on vessels storage space maintaining largerMajor Ports: transiting the harbour, such as cargo on which they shipsPort Klang board, last and next port of call and the have difficultyPort of TanjungPelepas vessel’s particulars accommodating InlandPenang Port due to physical Transportation:Johor Port The centre also provides an attending pilot constraint on spaceKuantan Port accurate information on the vessel’s position Design knowledgeBintulu Port and the density of traffic converging on the Limited capability of larger, safer andInland transportation: same destination, thus enhancing passage of local companies efficient boats forInland waterway transport system planning to support tankers, riversof Sarawak plays a significant larger shipsrole as the primary means of This system is linked to other VTS centres, Lack of expertisetransportation including coast radio stations, the Maritime Inland on larger, safer Rescue and Coordination Centre, pilot transportation and economical offices, harbour masters and the Maritime landings and Enforcement Coordinating Centre in Lumut, With regards to jetties Perak express boat services, residents Usage of Biodiesel Ballast water frequently State in water transport their concerns Fouling about cost, Design for shallow reliability, comfort water – small boat Port Equipment and safety, particularly with Automatic system (port) regard to embarking and disembarking at IMO (international maritime organisation) passenger landings references and jetties Electronic highway (MEH)Sarawak has an extensive express Address the tech. issues by sub-sectorboat service which connectsvarious coastal towns and therural areas of the interior Look at regional policies Identify the stakeholders

Mega Science | Transportation Sector FUTURE NEEDS PROPOSED 2020 STRATEGIES 2050 (R&D) RECOMMENDATIONS / Establishjoint venture 2035 Malaysia building research and training efficient largeShould implement ACTION PLANS institutes with major ship Local companies shipssolutions to integrate Identify strategic thrust builders building modern Integrated andtechnologies required areas of maritime Establish programmes and larger ships comprehensiveto realize a seamless transportation in local universities on Local R&D inland riverlogistics systems Develop training and port management and companies to transport systemTechnologies to make research institutions technology develop innovative (refer previousports more efficient on advance ship (UiTM, UMT currently vessels for MIGHT document)such asTag System / technologies, logistics available) inland passengerRFID Flow-through Gate and transportation in Establish R&D focussed and cargoSystem,Electronic Port collaboration with ship on developing technology transportationClearance,Nationwide makers such Hyundai to support maritime Local R&DE-commerce and Samsung transportation companiesSystem,Container Focus funding on Formulation of strategic developingTerminal Management research that support plan for an integrated and technologies forSystem,Synchronous advance ship technology comprehensive inland port logistics suchPlanning and Real time and logistic systems river transport system as RFID system,Control System Innovative transport etcIncrease capability to vessels for inlandbuild larger, modern ships transportation systemand innovative designIncrease capability to Shipping act and policyservice larger ships National Ocean PolicyInland transportation: (currently for cabinetR&D on efficient and safe approval)river vesselsIntegrated andcomprehensive rivertransport system

Mega Science | Transportation Sector CURRENT STATUS83 gazetted wharves and jetties (under theRiver Traffic Regulation 1993), and availablestatistics also indicate there are over 900other facilities operating in Sarawak.Port Klang will have the capacity to handlealmost 20 million TEUs (twenty-foot equivalentunits) of containers by 2016.MISC:• 29 LNG Carriers• 53 Petroleum Tankers• 19 Chemical Tankers• Offshore TerminalsBoustead Naval Shipyard Sdn. Bhd.:Ship repair. The operations are supported by:• 450- ton ship lift• 3000- ton ship lift• Multiple quayside cranes of variouscapacities• 400 meter long berth via a floating pontoon• Multitude of other specialised facilitiesand equipment that enable us to provideservices that run across the complete rangeof expertise necessary for carrying out shiprepair works for vessels as complex as navalwarships.Labuan Shipyard &Engineering Sdn Bhd:• The yard services small coastal craft, cargoships, naval/fast patrol craft, yachts, tugs,landing craft, Ro-Ro ferries, floating docks,log carriers and coastal tankers.Support systemMaritime training & educationSupport industriesNational focusR&D Centre(refer from MIGHT document – blueprint forshipping)Marine Tourism

Mega Science | Transportation Sector

Mega Science | Transportation SectorWorking Group Safety And SecurityScope Road transportationObjectives Current Sustainable Practices Areas Current State/ Current technology Issues And Gap analysis Future needs existing practice ChallengesVehicle road-worthiness in MY Important safety features missing Assessment Database to rate in new vehicles Crash test National Automative programme for vehicle according to facilities not Policy (NAP) to be vehicles under level of safety (MIROS) an issue, just revised every 5 years MIROS Crash lab facility need more to update newer (MIROS Vehicle (already exist) (MIROS) new vehicles vehicles. Need to Assessment Vehicle design and to adopt NCAP comply with the Programme (MVAP) safety (e.g. Collision (since right Vehicle Type Approval replaced by NCAP Avoidance System, now still not (VTA) system, Electronic stability mandatory) opportunity to improve control systems, safety standard Alcohol-Interlock — (move towards higher devices) safety standard from time to time), Star- New Car Lack of safety rating on new vehicle Assessment features in old allows user to choose Programme — vehicles according to safety (NCAP)) launching level 3rd phase Maintenance of vehicles Make it mandatory PUSPAKOM for newer cars to get (1990) as vehicle — NCAP ratings inspection agency Improve now commercial PUSPAKOM vehicles mandatory efficiency (since inspection every 6 audit just done months, so add for for the first private vehicles (maybe time since its annually) eg- roadtax establishment) renewal based upon JPJ approval (cert). Passing the vehicle inspection is made a compulsory condition for roadtax renewal

Mega Science | Transportation Sector Milestones & Targets Authority Recommendations/ Short Term 2014- Medium Term Long Term Until 2050 Action Plan 2020 2021-2030Vehicle manufacturers haveto ensure all vehicles meet Car manufacturers, Compliance Mandatorysafety standards JPJ, MOT to UN vehicle compliance to UN regulations; 40 vehicle regulations per cent of carbon reduction by 2020 (NAP 2014) —Installation of safety features Car manufaturers, JPJ, Voluntary Mandatoryin old vehicles; 15 years MOT inspections of inpections of privaterevised automative policy for private vehicles vehiclesprivate vehicles — —Apply similar policies for JPJ & MOTcommercial vehicles toprivate vehicles, inspection ——officer will held responsiblefor vehicle inspected,introducing new authorisedand regulated vehicleinspection centres to dosimilar inspections (NAP)\"UK - MOT certificate\"

Mega Science | Transportation Sector Commerical — No data available — — Rebuilt Vehicles are on the safety & available and used road-worthiness Enforcement of Regular updates on on roads of these vehicles all UN vehicle changes to UN vehicle & number regulations regulations Compliance to — of accidents Integration of all UN vehicle involving CRVs database so Review the regulations all agencies effectiveness of AES — can access implementation Available but Automated and perform not adequately Enforcement System Penalty imposed enforcement enforced (AES) does not serve as a deterrent Demerit system — — Enforcement of — — all UN vehicle Compliance to — Improve regulations all UN vehicle — JPJ current regulations monitoring of Stricter monitoring — PUSPAKOM — of PUSPAKOM PUSPAKOM irregular audit by Enforcement operations by JPJ JPJ interfered by political Ops Sikap/Ops interventions —— Selamat duringEnforcement festive season During crash —— — (Vehicle safety feature, restraint Identify highly- — system) — prone crash Post-crash areas (Trauma-how fast the victim can be brought to hospital, Ambulance services, optimum solution to save life) Different heavy One license for vehicle requires Limitation on driving all types of heavy different level vehicle (E-license), — of driving skill, — hours, different driving short of license expensive and skills accessment for holder time consuming different types of cargo to obtain license

Start data collection on the Mega Science | Transportation Sectornumber of CRVs on the road —— JPJ & MOT — ——— — —— — ——Review current penalty/ PDRM ——punishment/ fine — —— — ——— JPJ — —— —Annual audit to be done on JPJ, PUSPAKOM ——PUSPAKOM by JPJ —Road safety management JKJR (MOT), JPJ & PDRM——Standby ambulances at —the identified highly-pronedcrash areas— ——

Mega Science | Transportation Sector Most transport Radar to measure Driver's attitude Psychology Road Safety accidents/ fatalities vehicle speed; -Pre- (changing lane study of Department to occur on roads are crash (Campaign, as they like/cut road users to add more effective caused by human Awareness to reduce traffic queue, address pre- awareness campaigns, error, JPJ coming accident to occur) Rushing to crash research, encourage NGO/ up with new ; Device to detect work, speeding, correct sign community active module, alcohol level and drug reckless driving, board at participation tests texting, Lack of correct location focus) of the road, perception of Policies personal safety already in among drivers place by DOSHRoad user Drivers of GPS (long trucks) but lacking ——behaviour/ commercial enforcement;human error vehicles do not vehicle observe driving overloading;Road Safety regulations (hours political willAudit & number of drivers per vehicle)Motorcycle Road safety — —— —safety education in primary schools in Mandatory use of —— — BM subject, traffic seatbelt, daytime wardens, road headlights safety club. — Mandatory practice International IRAP when Research to Multidisciplinary in Malaysia (include Road Assessment implemented can enhance safety road safety research both new & existing Programme (IRAP) help to improve (e.g. Road crash roads) available road safety audit injury, post-impact efficiency care, biomechanics and vehicle design, Motorcycle lane Guardrail/ chevron Poor design — behavioural markings along undulation — studies, road safety motorcycle lanes (collect water — engineering) after rain), —— — Limited stretches —— of motorcycle — lanes on all types of roads — Lack enforcement of speed limit

Mega Science | Transportation SectorImprove driving school PRDM, National Anti- WHO targets — —syllabus (ethical driving Narcotics Agency 50% reduction ofattitude) , devise safe projected fatalityjourneys, use safe vehicles; on road crashesMore funding for road by 2020safety measures & researchintervention (now 20 deaths/day = high)— — —— —Road safety education in — —— —secondary school — —— — — — —— —Road safety audit (perform — —— —periodically & when needed) — —— —using IRAP or alternative — —— —similar systemImprove motorcycle lanedesignImprove lanes formotorcycles in major roads/Wider laneEnforcement of speed limiton motorcycle lanes

Mega Science | Transportation Sector National Helmet Helmet in compliance — — — Initiative with safety standard — — (SIRIM) Poorly — — maintained road — — —— (e.g. potholes, uneven surface); — — —— poor road design — — Poor visibility — —Road — Road accident (lack of street — —conditions management system lamps) —and capacity; Insufficient facilities with GISroad design for heavy vehicle, — — forcing them to use — roads which are not — — intended for their use Heavy traffic on major roads — Lack of pedestrianNon- Pedestrian — sidewalks andmotorised and sidewalks are —pedestrian available but not Secure walkingsafety enough routesbicycle lanes; —cyclists on bigroadsintegration of Lack facilities for — — Sky bridge, eg:intermodal first and last mile BTS in Thailandtransport Lack of — Integrated Transport technology — Information System required to monitor and forTraffic controlsystem enforcement Real time Lack of certainty — measurement of over impact on — congestion (e.g Waze, traffic (spill overs Variable Message Sign) onto other roads)

Mega Science | Transportation Sector — — —— — — —— —Safety ratings of the road — —— —network;clear definition — —— —of maintenance fundingallocation (JKR or local — —— —Government) — —— — — —— —Secure transport routes — —— — — —— —Ministry of Works, PDRM,MOT, local govt. — —— — — — —— —Road line marking — —Full integration of the travelpath, ensure safe travellingcovering the first mile andthe last mileIntelligent transportmonitoring system (e.g.speed) —

Mega Science | Transportation Sector Signage available Seismometers to Frequent — — (e.g. speed limit) in record and measure landslides on — — some hazardous earth movement embankments — roads — Crosswind indicator Crosswind — Animal crossing — —Environment/ VisionAct of nature obstruction — at junctions —— (bushes, — branches, — SMART Tunnel in KL illegally-parked — vehicles)Dangerous SHE code of — Special traininggoods practice, ASEAN- — Frequent for the drivers Brunei Protocol on flash floods (knowledge road transport obstructing about content traffic & label of the — goods carried) Emergency response team — (HAZMAT) efficiency time- wise Too much reliance on foreign experts, who understand less on the local culture and local problems

Identify stretches with JKR cawangan cerun — Mega Science | Transportation Sectordangerous embankments — ——and strengthening them Highway operator — —— Local authority & — —— — Perhutanan Perhilitan —— — — —— —Clear the obstructions at JKR ——junctions to improve vision — ——Identify flash flood areas and JKRimprove drainageSetup regional teams to —reduce response time (need —to confirm)Promote local experts forproviding advice to localproblems, Government canidentify COE which candeliver quality research andconsultancy services

Mega Science | Transportation SectorWorking Group Safety And SecurityScope Rail TransportationObjectives Current Sustainable PracticesAreas Current State/ Current technology Issues And Gap analysis existing practice in Challenges MY — Speed measurement Excess speed limit Long-term time- device, speed controller series safety Carelessness, performance data —— driver's attitude —Collisions (excluding level-crossing accidents) Regular maintenance — Failed brakes — — — Faulty rail — — — Overcrowding — — Speed measurement Excess speed limit Long-term time- device, speed controller series safety performance data — — Carelessness, — driver's attitudeDerailments Regular maintenance — Failed brakes — — — Faulty rail — — — Overcrowding — — — Landslide —

Mega Science | Transportation SectorFuture needs Recommendations/ Short Term 2014- Milestones & Targets Long Term Until Action Plan 2020 2050 Medium Term 2021- — 2030 —— Speed limit on dangerous —— — zones —— —— — —Integrated maintenance Improvement of —— — safety standards of — train operations and —— — — maintenance —— —— — Rolling contact fatigue —— — inspection esp. on old — railways ——— Speed limit on dangerous zones—integrated maintenance Improvement of —— safety standards of — train operations and —— — maintenance —— — Rolling contact fatigue inspection esp. on old railways — —

Mega Science | Transportation Sector Guardrail/fence Traffic lights Carelessness, — driver's attitude —Level-crossing accidents Signage Traffic lights —(users and trespassers) CCTV Badly designed — Signage for level-crossing — unauthorized access — Road user'sAccident to persons — — attitude/errorcaused by rolling stock inmotion — — Trespassers in-train informationPassengers' safety Auxiliary police screens, emergency Passengers/ personnel, first-aid kit communication buttons, employees fall fromEmployees' safety CCTV train — CCTV competency training fall/hit by loose programme (Rail Train driving simulator objects on trains Academy) Driver's safety device Accidents/crime on — — board of the train Accidents/crime at — the train station Driver's error — Driver's health — (illness) — — Unsafe installation, lifecycle analysis at brake failure, faulty design stageTrain and railway design equipment —— Infrastructure failure —Safety management Based on rail operator — — A full risk analysissystem management -- not of all recorded standardized Dangerous goods fatalities,Others Suicide victims casualties, and SHE code of practice Speed limits for freight incidents relating to — trains rail transport over the last decade: — a database for tracking future trends. — —

—— — Mega Science | Transportation Sector ——— — —— — ——— Safety awareness — —— campaign — —— — ———— — —— — ——— Safety awareness — —— campaign —— — ———— —— —— Emergency response —— guidelines ——— Install more CCTVs ———— ———— Ensure all trains/railways meet safety standards,— Technology transfer for support and upgrading purposesIntegrated maintenance —— ——— ——— ——

Mega Science | Transportation SectorWorking Group Safety And SecurityScope Aerospace transportationObjectives Current Sustainable Practices Issues And ChallengesAreas Current State/existing Current technology Gap analysis practice in MY Pilot error (weather —Flight crew or mechanical — Flight training hours Flight simulator for training related) —Aircraft and Engine requirement —Condition Monitoring Loss of situational —Sabotage / Explosive —— awareness. —Device Age limit for pilots — Pilot incapacitation: —Air Traffic Control Mental breakdown — — Onboard centralised during flight, illness — maintenance system; (heart attack, etc.) — — Real time maintenance — information broadcast Pressurization Posting law failure — enforcement official in — airplanes Electrical failure — Global Aviation — Information Network Lack of guidance —— from air traffic controller during —— last stages of flight —— —— Misidentification of aircraft by the ATC —— Ambiguous instruction given to crew Procedural error Directing the plane in the wrong direction Conflicting information given to pilot by ATC and what he was receiving on his ACAS.

Mega Science | Transportation Sector Recommendations/Action Milestones & Targets PlanFuture needs Short Term 2014- Medium Term 2021- Long Term Until 2050 2020 2030 — — — — —— — — — —— — — — — —— — — — —— — — — — —— — — — — —— — — —— — — —— — — —— — — —— — — —— —— — —— —

Mega Science | Transportation Sector — Upgrade of cargo Electrical short — compartments to Class CCargo Hold / Cabin Fire — containment standard ( as Fire causes by — available for the aircraft passenger's — — type / model) baggage — — Installation of dual-loop — — smoke and fire detection Discarded cigarette systems. Life-cycle — Fire from cargo hold assessment —Airplane/helicopter design — Fire warning system — failure — — — Inconsistent —Approach and Landing/ Short runways on 3D modelling and design Compliance —take-off Accidents small airports testing with Regulatory RequirementsFuel Starvation — — — Vented fuel is Thrust reversers. carried back into — the cabin heater air Auto-Land capability causing fire — Auto-brake system — Runway excursions — and overruns — Flight planning software Pilot negligence/ — suites error — — Fuel valves error — — — Compass error — — Auxiliary tanks not — — maintained — — Navigation error — Automatic fuel leak Engine malfunction — detection causes huge fuel consumption Fuel tank leak

—— — Mega Science | Transportation Sector—— — —— ——— — ———— — —— ———— — ——Identify the economic Air transport design — ——benefit of safety should comply safety — —— —technology standards and regulations — —— — —— IOSA type audits, — ——— manufacturer audits, — —— — —— ground handling audits — —— — ———— —— — ———— ———— Periodic check of fuel— used versus fuel remaining throughout the entire flight————————————

Mega Science | Transportation Sector ACAS Thunderstorm, — Traffic advisory by ATC hurricane, snow,Weather haze, cloud, lightning, volcanicHijacking (resulting in ash;fatalities)Safety Management Placing law Pre-flight and in-flight Turbulence —System enforcement officers in forecasting tools; Onboard — airplanes weather radars with Flight visibilityEnforcement “turbulence” mode; reduced — Onboard “multi-scan” Bomb detonation weather radars for Pilots shot — horizontal and vertical Mentally ill — scanning of weather. passenger — — — A full risk analysis of all recorded — fatalities, casualties, and incidents — relating to air transport over — the last decade: a database for Global Aviation Safety Compliance with ICAO Inconsistent tracking future Plan (GASP) and IATA standards and Implementation trends. regulations of International Standards — — Airborne Collision Small airplanes — Avoidance System (ACAS) are not required to The Runway Safety and pressure-altitude carry ACAS — Programme transponder as required Fatigue Risk by ICAO for airplanes > — — Management Systems 5700kg — Insufficient manpower — Ineffective incident — and accident investigation —

—— — Mega Science | Transportation Sector—— — ———— — —— ———— — —— ———— — ———— — ———— — ———— — ——Sharing of safety Audit —intelligence ——— Flight Data Monitoring — —— ———— — ———— ——— —

Mega Science | Transportation SectorOthers — Vehicle design to Bird Strikes — withstand bird strike — — — — — — — SHE code of practice Overloaded planes for dangerous goods — Baggage weight limit —

— Hazard advisory system — Mega Science | Transportation Sector —— Wildlife management at — —— airports — —— ———— ————

Mega Science | Transportation SectorWorking Group Safety And SecurityScope Maritime/Inland water transportationObjectives Current Sustainable Practices Issues And ChallengesAreas Current State/existing Current technology Gap analysis practice in MY Inconsistentsafety management Implementation The ability to receivesystem Use AIS but not all A full risk analysis of of International very large number vessels. To avoid all recorded fatalities, Standards of AIS messagesRiver vessels and boats collision visual casualties, and incidents simultaneously from observation, audio relating to water transport — a satellite's large exchanges, and over the last decade: a reception footprint radar or Automatic database for tracking Radar Plotting Aid future trends. — are historically used for this purpose. These mechanisms sometimes fail due to time delays, radar limitations, miscalculations, and display malfunctions and can result in a collision. Vessels and — equipment vary greatly in age, design, condition, life-saving gear, capacity; Risk from overloading; Minimal security measuresBoat crews (riverine) Inexperienced, Some operator required Disregard safety Identifying priority- untrained, unfamiliar the boat crews to attend measures, and training needs for with regulations training while the others unaware of local the improvement of are not procedures and job competencies customs

Mega Science | Transportation SectorFuture needs Recommendations/Action Milestones & Targets Medium Term 2021- Long Term Until 2050 Plan Short Term 2014- 2030 —Adopt global 2020AIS technology, Develop capacity building —international best and a culture of marine —practices and safety through a trainingstandards for programme for river/navigation, wharf, and sea rescue, navigation,terminal safety and cardiopulmonarysecurity adapted to resuscitation (CPR) andriver systems first aid; Promote safety awareness; Enforce safety procedures effectively, so that prevention of problems prevails; Carry out investigations of serious incidents and casualties in order to learn lessons for improving safety.Technical innovation —— —improved design oftransmission systemsfor very low-waterconditionsA systematic training Conducting workshops, — — —module consists of training sessions andrules and regulations; seminars to enhanceand safety understanding andprocedures conduct explore best practiceby the authority in management and operation of an inland waterway system.

Mega Science | Transportation SectorRiver systems Hazardous stretches Marine and Risk Unmarked The ability to especially in the upper Traffic Analysis (MRTA) wrecks and other design a good riverTerminals and jetties reaches, sand bars requirement for submerged objects systemsEnvironmental safety and shallows occur infrastructure construction can be dangerous; in the river estuaries; within rivers Many stretches Standard terminal Express boats, of river lack and jetty designs speedboats, logs and Design of adjustable navigational aids that can be tugs with log-barges pontoons with landing and signage; used in Malaysia steps, safety equipment, Inclement weather geographical area Safe terminals lighting, and signage. can change and jetties are rare sailing conditions Fuel stored in the or non-existent; Minimal equipment very rapidly; port are minimal; no Poorly designed; to handle basic Routes, rapids, specific place near Movement of environmental safety rocks, changing the port and jetties passengers and cargo issues currents: tricky to handle solid between land and boat and hazardous waste, discharge is often precarious. navigation; bilage water and Risk of accidents: sewage water Lack of facilities at collisions; fast terminals for boats to large boats create discharge bilge water, a wake that can sewage and solid overturn light waste. boats. Standard operational procedures used take little account of safety; Illegal jetties do not comply with regulations and may be difficult and risky to use Spillage of fuel and engine oil; abandonment of boat or other wreckage in the river; and loss of cargo on the river which, in the case of hazardous materials,

River system planners Education and awareness — Mega Science | Transportation Sectorwho have knowledge programme; Apply ——in safety and international performanceengineering standards in the —— development of efficient —— inland waterway transport; Consultation with local communities before starting a construction project; Alternative by-pass channels may be feasible in some instances, and navigation routes can be established and marked.Suitable terminals and Standard designs —jetty infrastructure for construction andthat follows operation to suit varyinginternational standard conditions, with safetylevel equipment and awareness training for frequent users, and proper lightingIncrease the fuel Increase the fuel storage —storage capacity; capacity; Specific placeSpecific place near near the port to handlethe port to handle wastewaste

Mega Science | Transportation SectorEnforcement Exist but problematic Some safety and security Insufficient number Lack of integration since there is no one regulations based on of manpower; to control theMaritime crew single authority that IMO conventions are Lack of training enforcement issueShip and Port Security have power to prevent adopted; Handled by among ship in terminal and jetty robbery and piracy; law enforcement and surveyors,Maritime infrastructure trafficking of migrant armed forces; Boat/ship inspectors and Lack of trainingand operations inspection by maritime law enforcement centre for maritime Maritime crews usually enforcement agency officers; crew especially in send locally / overseas There is a need to Sabah and Sarawak for training for a big Naval simulation-based regularly review operators or no official training and update rules Some of the safety training for small and regulations; equipment / system operators Compliance with Lack of used in the ship ISPS and ISM codes communication and and port are not Scanners in the port (IMO conventions); cooperation among up to date; Safety used by authority not Coastal Surveillance enforcement equipment / system up to date System; agencies expensive Harbour Defense System Marine Traffic Human error Empty container Risk Assessment 3D modelling and design accounts for the issues is critical (MRTA) requirement testing; Navigation majority of maritime since it did not for infrastructure Simulation Studies; Vessel casualties give much benefits construction; IALA Traffic Management to Malaysia; Long Waterway safety Systems (VTMS); Ship & Security of ship turnaround time assessment; Cargo Simulation System and port cannot is not competitive Route analyses from be monitored to our cargo international shipping sufficiently transportation lanes right to the port industry limit; Empty containers Cargo storage being sent to our port. area not enough; Long turnaround time

Mega Science | Transportation SectorStation related Employ security armed — — —officers in the forces on cargo vesselsterminals and jetties and station authority — — officers in terminals and — — jetties — —Training centre Open certified training —that can conduct centre regionally —training with especially in Sabah andrespect of different Sarawak —types of maritimetransportation Track data vessel accident record; Propose CargoIntroduce a more Security Initiative (CSI);comprehensive ship security information of outand port security coming port available inprocedures incoming port; Upgrade scanning facilityMinimise the number Introduce a new policy onof empty containers; handling empty containerShorten the issues; Shorten theturnaround period to turnaround periodstay competitive

Mega Science | Transportation Sector Marine Impact Analysis is a mandatory requirement for maritimeMaritime environment — project developments; — —Ships/Boats design Environmental Impact Assessment (DEIA) for environmental risk assessment Ships / boats design 3D modelling and design Design flaws Some aspect of done by international testing; oil spill modelling cause some boats/ safety issues are organisation outside ships to sink; not according to Malaysia Lack of regular Malaysia situation maintenance

—— — Mega Science | Transportation Sector — ——Introduce a more Ensure all vessels comply ——comprehensive ship with safety standards;/ boat design which Regularly audit the ship /suitable for Malaysia boats manufacturergeographicalconditions especiallyin Sabah andSarawak

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