Initial course 29.10.13 (Repaired)

buhfÓ;y dkslZ cqd 1

futh fooj.k uke&------------------------------------------------vkbZ-Mh-------------------------------------- firk dk uke&-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- in&-------------------------------------------- fu;qfDr frfFk&--------------------------- eq[;ky;&------------------------------------- e.My&----------------------------------- irk&--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- eksckby ua-&------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ tUe frfFk&---------------------------------- jDr lewg&------------------------------ osrueku@nj&------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ vkof/kd fpfdRlk frfFk&-------------------------------------------------------------------- vkxkeh fjÝsÓj&-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ukfer yksdks fujh{kd&------------------------------------------------------------------------ egRoi.w kZ eksckby u-a uke eksckby ua- uke eksckby ua- uke eksckby ua- 2

izkDdFku izLrqr iqLrd esa izkjfEHkd lgk;d yksdks ik;yVkas dks fo|rq yksdks] dSjst ,oa oSxu (C&W) rFkk VªSDÓu fMLVªhC;wÓu (TRD) ls lEcfU/kr tkudkjh;ksa dks ljy HkkÔk esa le>kus dk iz;kl fd;k x;k gSA izLrqr iqLrd esa jsyos ls lEcfU/kr lkekU; tkudkjh;kW] Qk;j QkbfVax] izkFkfed fpfdRlk] dUosaÓuy yksdk]s LVsfVd duoVZj ;qDr yksdks] ekbØkis zkslslj ;qDr yksdks ,oa eYVhiy ;wfuV ykds ks ls lEcfU/kr tkudkjh;ksa ds lkFk&lkFk Vªsu izksVsDÓu okfuZax flLVe (TPWS) ds ckjs esa Hkh tkudkjh nh tk jgh FkhA lgk;d yksdks ik;yVksa dks ykbu ij dk;Z djus esa n{k cukus gsrq muls lEcfU/kr dSjst ,oa oSxu rFkk VªSDÓu fMLVªhC;wÓu ls lEcfU/kr tkudkjh;kW Hkh nh tk jgha gSA eq>s fo'okl gS fd ;g iqLrd lgk;d ykds ks ik;yVkas dk rduhdh Kku c<+kus rFkk xkM+h;kas ds lajf{kr o lqjf{kr ifjpkyu esa lgk;d fl) gkxs hA blesa vkSj lq/kkj ds fy, lHkh ikBdkas ds lq>koksa dk Lokxr gSA iz/kkukpk;Z fnukda &2018 3

Øekad foÔ; lwph ist ua- 1.0 2.0 fooj.k 2.1 2.2 jsyos cksMZ dh lkekU; tkudkjh 2.3 lkekU; tkudkjh 2.4 jsy bfrgkl 2.5 {ks=h; jsy 3.0 3.1 THE PRODUCTION UNITS OF RAILWAY BOARD 3.2 CENTRAL ORGANISATION OF INDIAN RAILWAY 3.3 PUBLIC SECTOR UNDERTAKINGS OF INDIAN RAILWAYS 3.4 Qk;j QkbfVax 3.5 vkx dk fl)kUr 3.6 vkx ds izdkj 4.0 Electrical midj.kksa esa vkx yxus ds dkj.k 4.1 fctyh ds midj.kksa esa vkx cq>krs le; lko/kkfu;k¡ 4.2 vfXu'kked ;a= ds izdkj 4.3 vfXu'kked ;a= ds iz;ksx dk rjhdk ,oa lko/kkuh 4.4 izkFkfed fpfdRlk 4.5 cgrq rst cq[kkj 4.6 iz?kkr y{k.k 4.7 csgks'kh 4.8 lkal :dus yxs 5.0 tc xys esa dksbZ pht Qal tk; 5.1 fo|qr 'kkWd yxus ij izkFkfed mipkj 5.2 Ñf=e 'olu 5.3 5.4 First Aid Box 5.5 5.6 fo|qr lEcfU/kr lkekU; tkudkjh 5.7 izrhd fpUg 5.8 fo|qr@fctyh 5.9 fo|qr ifjiFk 5.10 oksYVst 5.11 djsaV 5.12 izfrjks/k 5.13 oksYVst] djsUV ,oa izfrjks/k ds chp lEcU/k 5.14 lsy 5.15 ,-lh-eksVj 5.16 vehVj 5.17 oksYVehVj 5.18 Dok;y 5.19 Pkkyd 5.20 vFkZ 5.21 fLop 5.22 lfdZV czsdj 5.23 VfeZuy 5.24 bUlqysVj baMDVsal ¶yDl dSisflVj ;k dUMsalj ;kaf=d ikoj ehfVªd H.P. byfs DVªd dk;Z 4

Øekad fooj.k ist ua- 5.25 5.26 fo|qr 'kfDr 5.27 VªkUlQkeZj 5.28 ¶;wt 5.29 Mh-lh-eksVj 5.30 ¶ysfeax dk fu;e 5.31 Mh-lh-tujsVj 5.32 AC fctyh 5.33 DC fctyh 5.34 eksVj ,oa tujsVj esa vUrj 5.35 ,-lh- eksVj vkSj Mh-lh- eksVj esa vUrj 5.36 ekid ;a= 5.37 Mh-lh- tujsVj 5.38 ,-lh- tusjsVj ;k vkYVjusVj 5.39 'kkVZ lfdZV 5.40 5.41 Basic Property of Electric Material 5.42 eSXusV ;k pqEcd 5.43 byDs Vªkfud midj.k 5.44 cSM dkUVsDV 5.45 'kkVZ lfdZfVax 5.46 'kfVax 6.0 xzkmf.Max 7.0 Bonding ;k Earth Fault 7.1 ckrphr ds lk/ku 7.2 fo|qr yksdks dh lkekU; tkudkjh 7.3 7.4 Abbreviations Of Locations 7.5 GENERAL LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS FOR LOCOMOTIVE 7.6 dkWUVSDVj 7.7 jksVsfVax fLop 7.8 fjys 7.9 ¶;wt 7.10 BL Box ds fLop 8.0 8.1 TECHNICAL DATA OF CONVENTIONAL LOCO 8.1.1 TECHNICAL DATA OF 3 PHASE LOCO 8.1.1.1 yksdsÓu (WAG-5) 8.1.1.2 dkUVSDVj 8.1.2 dkUVSDVj ds izdkj 8.1.2.1 byDs Vªks eSXusfVd dkUVSDVj dkUVSDVj ost djus dk rjhdk 8.1.2.2 dkUVSDVj ost djus ds ckn dh lko/kkfu;kW 9.0 byDs Vªks U;wesfVd dkUVSDVj 9.1 EPC ds eq[; Hkkx 9.1.1 9.1.2 yksdks esa EPC 9.2 fjys ,oa bUVjykd 9.3 byfs DVªdy fjys 9.4 djsUV fjys oksYVst fjys esdsfudy fjys fjys ost djus dh fof/k Relay Setting 5

Øekad fooj.k ist ua- 9.5 9.6 Time lag Relay 9.7 Sequence Relay 10.0 bUVjykd 10.1 iSUVksxzkQ 10.2 CPA ds dke djus ij Hkh RS esa izs'kj u c<u+ s ij tkap 10.3 iSUVksxzkQ ds u mBus ij dh tkus okyh dk;Zokgh 10.4 iSUVks VsLV djus dk rjhdk 10.5 iSUVksxzkQ VwV tkus ij dh tkus okyh dk;Zokgh 10.6 fiNys isUVksxzkQ mBkus ls ykHk 10.7 isUVksxzkQ dkcZu fLVªi 11.0 Ykksdks xzkmUM djuk 11.1 QhfMax ikoj lfdZV 11.2 11.3 HPT 11.4 TFILM 11.5 ET-1 11.6 ET-2 11.6.1 HOM 11.7 QLM 11.8 QLM dk VkjxsV fxjus ij tkWp 11.9 VªkalQkeZj 11.10 VSipsUtj 11.11 czhFkj 11.12 11.12.1 PHGR 11.13 RPGR 11.13.1 RGR 11.14 RGR ds ty tkus ij dk;Zokgh 12.0 12.1 CGR-1,2,3 12.1.1 CGR dk vkdZÓVw fxj tkus ij dk;Zokgh 12.1.2 VSi psUtj dh lqj{kk 12.1.3 VªSD'ku ikoj lfdZV 12.1.4 izeq[k midj.k 12.1.5 TFP1,oa 2 ds lsds.Mjh Dok;y 12.1.6 jsDVhQk;j Cykd ( RSI-1 & RSI-2 ) 12.1.7 SL-1 vkSj SL-2 12.1.8 Ykkbu dkUVSDVj 12.1.9 fjolZj 12.1.10 CTF dk eSuqvy vkWijs'ku 12.1.11 fjys QD 12.1.12 ,ehVj vkSj oksYVehVj 12.2 fjys-20 12.3 ÓafVax dkWUVsDVj 12.4 fjys QOP-1@2 12.5 QRSI&1@2 13.0 lsUMj dUVªksy lfdZV 13.1 VªSD'ku VsLV OHE ls VªSD'ku eksVj rd fctyh igq¡pus dk lfdZV TRACTION MOTOR CURRENT RATINGS Mh-t&s (DJ) ,;j CykLV lfdZV czsdj 6

Øekad fooj.k ist ua- 13.2 13.3 oSD;qe DJ 14.0 Q118 ost djus ij lko/kkfu;kW 14.1 vkfXtyjh ikoj ,oa dUVªksy lfdZV 14.2 14.3 TFA 14.4 ARNO 14.5 vkuksZ dh lqj{kk 14.5.1 vkDtyjh pkVZ 14.5.2 vkfXtyjh ikoj lfdZV dh fjys 14.5.3 QOA¼vFkZ QYV fjys½ 14.6 Q30¼oksYVst fjys½ 14.7 14.8 QCVAR AC/DC 14.9 vkDtyjh eksVjksa dks dke ls vyx djus dk rjhdk 14.10 gsM ykbV 15.0 15.1 RTPR 15.2 DC-DC dUkoVZj 15.3 vkDtyjh dUVªksy lfdZV 15.4 15.5 GR CONTROL CKT 15.6 J1,J2 vkSj CTF 1-2-3 dk dVªksy lfdZV 15.7 Q 50 dk dUVªksy lfdZV 15.8 czsfdax iksth’ku esa Q-50 dk dUVªksy 15.9 16.0 MP 16.1 VSi psUtj (GR) dk bysfDVªdy dUVªksy (EEC) 17.0 VSi psUtj (GR) dk eSuqvy dUVªksy 17.1 fjys Q-46 dk vkijs’ku 17.2 fjys Q- 51 dk vkijs’ku 17.3 DJ fVªi gksus ij GR dk 0 ukWp ij vkuk 17.4 Ikk;yV ySEi 17.5 fcuk ikbyV ySEi ds xkM+h dke djus dk rjhdk cSVjh ,oa cSVjh pktZj 18.0 mn~ns'; 18.1 cSVjh dh lqj{kk 18.2 cSVjh oksYVst “O” gks tkus ij dh tkus okyh dk;Zokgh 18.3 cSVjh pktZj 18.4 xkM+h dk;Z djrs le; fcuk fVªfiax ds LSCHBA dh cRrh ty tk;s 18.5 rks 18.6 fo|qr czsd flLVe 18.7 fo|qr czsd dk iz;ksx 18.8 Mk;ukfed czsfdax DBR yxkus dk rjhdk 18.9 DBR ds Qk;ns 19.0 fo|qr czsd ds le; yksdks esa xfrfof/k;kW 19.1 19.2 CTF 1/2/3 20.0 fo|qr czsd esa dke vkus okys ;U= Mk;ukfed czsfdax DBR dh VsfLVax Mk;ukfed czsfdax DBR djrs le; yh tkus okyh lko/kkfu;k¡ fo|qr czsd dk iz;ksx ugha djuk pkfg, ESMON / LihMksehVj fjdkMZj ds eq[; Hkkx dqN eq[; LihMksehVj cksxh 7

Øekad fooj.k ist ua- 20.1 20.2 Mk;jsDV Mªkbo 20.3 20.4 ¶ysDlh Dok;y cksxh 20.5 20.6 WAG-5 cksxh 20.7 yksdks ckWMh dk jsy ij otu 21.0 Oghy ls yksM rd f[kapko 22.0 22.1 Vkvks ,oa fgVkph eksVj esa vUrj 22.2 vU; midj.k 22.3 22.4 yksdks fÓM~;yw 22.5 22.6 yksdks dh U;wesfVd lfdZV 22-7 22.8 BABY COMPRESSOR 22-9 esu dEi'zs kj 22.10 MR pkftZax flLVe 22.11 22.12 MR flLVe dk mi;ksx 22.13 22.14 MR esa gok dk ncko iwjk u Hkjus ds dkj.k rFkk lek/kku 22.15 bDtkLVj 22.16 22.17 oSD;we czsd ls lEcfU/kr okYo 22.18 22.19 Air Brake Pneumatic Valves 22.20 vxyk BP ;k FP ,axy dkWd dk VwV tkuk 22.21 22.22 BP vksoj pktZ gksus ds dkj.k iwjh xkM+h esa czsd ckbUMhax gksuk 22.23 ykbV batu dk;Z djus ij yksdks dh LihM 22.24 MsM yksdks tksM+us ij dkWdksa dh iksthÓu 23.0 23.1 yksdks dks xkM+h esa tksM+uk 23.2 23.3 BP yhd VsLV¼yksdks½ 23.4 24.0 BP yhd VsLV ¼Vsªu½ 24.1 cszd dUVhU;wVh VsLV djus dk rjhdk¼ilS sUtj½ 24.2 czsd dkUVhU;wVh djus dk rjhdk¼ekyxkM+h½ 24.3 24.4 QhM ikbi dUVhU;wVh VsLV 24.5 25.0 CP Efficiency Test 25.1 A-9 ls BP izs'kj de u gksus ij 25.2 flUØksukbftax czsd flLVe 25.3 bfMiUs MsUV yksdks czsd SA9 ls czsd u yxus ij yksdks czsd VsLV vkWVks ¶yS'kj ykbV eq[; midj.k ik;yV ds fy;s funsZ'k VsLV dk rjhdk vkWVks ¶yS'kj ykbZV lkekU; gkyr esa tyus ij okyh dk;Zokgh ekWMhfQds'ku bejtsUlh LVki iq’k cVu ¼BPEMS) OHE lIykbZ bafMdsVj & bejtsUlh LVki iq’k cVu ,;j Mkª W;j ;wfuV foftysUl dUVªksy fMokbl VCD dqN yksdks ds vU; cnyko LVsfVdduoVZj LVSfVd duoVZj ds ykHk& gVk;s x;s midj.k u;s yxs midj.k 8

Øekad fooj.k ist ua- 25.4 25.5 LVSfVd duoVZj(SI) 25.6 CCINV ¶;wt 25.7 fjys QCON 25.8 fjys QSVM 25.9 fjys QTD 101 25.10 fjys QSIT 25.11 LSSIT yES i 25.12 HSIV fLop 25.13 dkaVsDVj C 108 25.14 LVSfVd duoVZj okys yksdks ij dk;Z djrs le; funsZ'k 25.15 duoVZj dh dk;Zfof/k 25.16 DJ dUVªksy lfdZV ds ckjs esa tkudkjh 25.17 vkDtyjh dUVªksy lfdZV ds ckjs esa tkudkjh vkjuks rFkk LVsfVd duoVZj okys eYVhiy ;wfuV yksdks ij dk;Z djus 25.17.1 ds fy;s vko';d funsZ'k 25.17.2 vkjuks yksdks yhfMax rFkk LVsfVd duoVZj yksdks Vªsfyax LVsfVd duoVZj yksdks yhfMax vkjuks yksdks Vªsfyax 26.0 EkkbØksizkslslj yksdks 26.1 ykHk 26.2 esu ;wfuV 26.3 fMLIys ;wfuV 26.4 flXuy d.Mh'kfux ;wfuV 26.5 egRoiw.kZ funsZÓ 26.6 yksdks esa yxh fjys 26.7 yksdks esa yxh vU; fjys 26.8 yxk;s x;s u;s ¶;wt rFkk fLop 26.9 gVk;h x;ha fjys ,oa ¶;wt 26.10 Ykksdks bujtkbt djuk 26.11 esu ;wfuV ds dke u djus ij 26.12 nksuks dSc esa fMLIys ;wfuV dk;Z u djus ij dk;Zokgh 27.0 eYVhiy ;wfuV 27.1 lapkyu funsZÓ 27.2 MU vkWis'z ku esa yksdks dk Vªcqy 'kwfVax 27.2.1 MU vkWis'z ku esa DJ faVªi gksus ij feyus okys ladsr 27.2.2 MU vkWis'z ku esa DJ faVªi gksus dh gkyr esa Vªcqy 'kwfVax 27.2.3 iSUVksxzkQ ugha mBrk gS 27.2.4 ^yhfMax* yksdks dk CCBA/CCPT/CCA fi?kyrk gS 27.3 eYVhiy yksdks pykrs le; dSc cnyuk 28.0 fofo/k 28.1 BHEL yksdks 24500 lhjht 28.2 U;wesfVd LVksu bafM;k iSuy 28.3 xkM+h pykus esa izoh.krk 28.4 Oghy fLdfMax 28.5 ¶;wt dks cnyus dk rjhdk 28.6 yksM LVkWy gksus ls cpus ds fy;s 28.7 xkM+h dk [kafMr gks tkuk 28.8 'kafVax ds nkSjku xkM+h [kf.Mr gksuk 28.9 Å¡ph p<+kbZ ij xkM+h dk [kf.Mr gksuk 9

Øekad fooj.k ist ua- 28.10 28.11 xkM+h VwVuk ¼ ½@gksl ikbi VwVuk 28.12 psrkouh tathj [khpuk 28.13 28.14 BP/ oSD;qe dk vpkud Mkª Wi gksuk 28.15 fiNys dSc ls xkM+h pykuk 28.16 vkx ls cpko gsrq funsZ'k 28.17 isUVksxzkQ dk my>uk 28.18 eos'kh dk ju vksoj gksuk 28.19 batu dk [kjkc gksuk 28.20 gsM ykbZV dk [kjkc gksuk 28.21 gkWuZ dk [kjkc gksuk 28.22 LihMksehVj dk [kjkc gksuk 28.23 fLyi fifu;u 28.24 vaMj fx;j ls /kqavk fudyuk 28.25 fcuk ik;yV ySEi ds xkM+h pykuk 28.26 VªkbekmVa cksxh ij ifg;ksa dk ¶yksVs’ku 28.27 ¶yksVsM ifg;s ds lkFk batu lapyu ds fy, iwoZ lko/kkuh 28.28 ekxZ esa vlkekU; ckrks dh fjiksZfVxa 28.29 jsyiFk ij uksV dh xbZ vlkekU;rk; 28.30 ¶yS’kj ykbZV 28.30.1 cpko ¼izksVsD’ku½ 28.30.2 xkM+h ifjpkyu lEcU/kh lkekU; vuqns’k 28.30.3 yksM ij batu dks tksM+uk 28.30.4 xkM+h izLFkku 28.30.5 pyus ds nkSjku czsd ikoj ijh{k.k 28.30.6 xkM+h dh xfr c<kuk 28.30.7 xkM+h dh xfr ij fu;a=.k 28.31 xfr izfrcU/kksa dk vuqikyu 28.31.1 xkM+h dks jksduk 28.31.2 ?kkV es lapyu 28.31.3 ?kkV p<+kbZ 28.31.4 vxys lgk;d batu dh lgk;rk ls ?kkV mrjuk 28.32 cSafdax batu [kjkc gksuk 28.33 vxyk batu [kjkc gksuk 28.34 28.35 IP okYo o E-3W 28.36 ,vj ¶yks bafMdsVj 28.37 eky rFkk dksfpax LVkWd ds fy, fjyhftax le; 28.38 gkWl ikbi dks cnyus dh i)fr 28.39 pktZ yus s ls igys tkap fd;s tkus okys laj{kk midj.k 28.40 batu ykWx cqd es izfof\"V;k¡ 28.40.1 pyus ds nkSjku vuqikyu dh tkus okyh ckrsa 28.40.2 yksdks esa miyC/k lqj{kk midj.k 28.40.2.1 yksdks dh tkap fo|qr yksdks dks rS;kj djuk 28.40.2.2 lkekU; 28.40.2.3 ÓsM@;kMZ@jksM lkbM LVsÓu ls pktZ yrs s le; yksdks dks rS;kj djuk 28.40.2.4 dkWjhMksj&1v.Mj Ýse dk fujh{k.k ¼dSc 1 ls dSc 2 dh rjQ½ 28.40.2.5 dSc 2 ds lkeus dk fujh{k.k dkjhMksj&2 v.Mj Ýse dk fujh{k.k ¼dSc 2 ls dSc 1 dh rjQ½ dSc 1 ds lkeus dk fujh{k.k v.Mj Ýse fujh{k.k ¼;fn yksdks fiV ij [kM+k gks ;k ckgj ls fn[kkbZ 10

Øekad fooj.k ist ua- 28.40.2.6 iM+rk gS rks½ 28.40.2.7 dSc&2 dk fujh{k.k 28.40.2.8 28.40.2.9 dksjhMksj ua0 2 dk fujh{k.k ¼dSc 2 ls dSc 1 dh rjQ ½ 28.40.2.10 28.40.3 dSc ua0 1 dk fujh{k.k 28.40.4 dksjhMksj ua01 dk fujh{k.k ¼dSc 1 ls dSc 2 dh rjQ½ 28.40.5 yksdks ykWx cqd dk i<+uk 28.40.6 LVs'ku igqWpus ds ckn 28.41 ykbu ij dke djrs le; dgha [kM+k gksus ij Ykksdks ik;yV rFkk 28.42 lgk;d Ykksdks ik;yV }kjk bta u dh tkWp 28.43 pyrs batu esa lgk;d Ykksdks ik;yV }kjk tkWp 29.0 ykbu ij Øzw (Crew) dk cnyuk 29.1 ;kMZ ;k LVs'ku lkbfMax esa yksdks dks LVScqy djuk 29.2 29.3 WAG-7 yksdks ds ckjs esa egRoiw.kZ tkudkjh 29.4 29.5 Vªsu izksVsDÓu okfuZax flLVe (TPWS) 29.6 dSfjt ,.M oSxu 29.7 29.8 Air Brake dk fl)kar 29.9 Air Brake flLVe ds ykHk 29.10 iwjh xkM+h esa czsd okbfUMx gksus ij 29.11 29.12 czsd ckbfUMax ls cpko gsrq funsZÓ 29.13 29.14 oSxu ds czsd ckbfUMax fjyht djus dk rjhdk 29.15 29.16 BOGIE MOUNTED BRAKE CYLINDER (B.M.B.C.) 29.17 BMBC dksp ds czsd ckbfUMax fjyht djus dk rjhdk 29.18 29.19 LHB dksp ds czsd ckbfUMax fjyht djus dk rjhdk 29.20 dksp ds czsd ckbfUMax fjyht djus ds ckn iqu% mlh dksp esa gksus 29.21 okyh czsd ckbf.Max jksdus ds mik; 29.22 czsd ikoj izek.k i= 29.23 29.24 th-Mh-vkj-pds 29.25 Dykst lfdZV jsd 30.0 30.1 izhfe;e jsd 30.2 dUVsuj jsd 30.3 ,aM Vw ,.M jsd 30.4 30.5 Lkokjh xkfM+;ksa ds fy;s ch-ih-lh-oS/krk 30.6 OPRS-22 / MV-5 bu&oSfyM ekus tkus dh nÓk,a dksfpax xkfM+;ksa esa czsd dkWUVhU;wVh VsLV djus dk rjhdk ekyxkM+h esa czsd dkWUVhU;wVh VsLV djus dk rjhdk ,-,-vkj-&,p&VkbZi VkbZV ykWd diyj¼,p]VkbZi diyj½ ¼dkspts ½ batu esa yxs ^b*Z Vkbi VªkaftÓu diyj ,oa ^,p* Vkbi VªkaftÓu diyj dks diy vFkok vudiy djus dh izfØ;k ,y-,p-ch-dksp oSD;we dh ek=k ¶ySV Vk;j dksfpax Vªsu esa dksp dks ckbZ ikl djus fof/k TRACTION- DISTRIBUTION PSI OHE RC ikoj lIykbZ vjsUtesUV fxzM lcLVs'ku@QhfMax iksLV OCR 11

Øekad fooj.k ist ua- 30.7 30.8 DPR 30.9 WPR 30.10 SM 30.11 SSP 30.12 SP 30.13 vksoj ysi 30.14 bUlwysVsM vksoj ySi 30.15 vubUlqysVsM vksoj ySi 30.16 lsD'ku bUlwysVj 30.17 OHE ls lEcfU/kr izeq[k ifjHkk\"kk,W 30.18 dSaVhyhoj vlsEcyh 30.19 30.20 Neutral Section 30.21 OHE esa iz;ksx gksus okys cksMZ 30.22 Over Head Equipment ¼fljksifj miLdj½ 30.23 isUVks xzkQ dk my>ko 30.24 30.25 USE OF FLASHER LIGHT IN FRONT OF SSP 30.26 OHE czsd Mkmu ds le; Mkª boj ds dk;Z 30.27 BONDING 31.0 fo|qrhÑr lsD’ku ls lEcfU/kr laj{kk fu;e viuh ykbu ij OHE czsd Mkmu No OHE VsaÓu lgk;d yksdks ik;yVksa ds fy;s fnÓk&funsZÓ laÓks/ku i`\"B lfdZV lwph 12

jsy jkT; ea=ky; v/;k;&1 jsyos cksMZ dh lkekU; tkudkjh jsy ea=ky; jsy jkT; e=a ky; jsyos cksMZ p;s jeSu jsyos cksMZ lnL; LVkQ lnL; ;kaf=d lnL; fctyh lnL; bathfu;fjax lnL; ;krk;kr foRrdfe'uj lfpo MkbjDs Vj tujy jsyos LokLF; lsok MkbjsDVj tujy vkj.ih.,Q LFkkiuk ekeys iz'kklkfud ekeys 13

14

v/;k;&2 lkekU; tkudkjh 2-1 jsy bfrgkl%&jsyxkM+h lla kj esa lcls igys 1825 esa baXyS.M ds LVkdVj ls MkfyZuxVu rd pykbZ xbZAblds igys 1804 esa igyk LVhe yksdks fjVMZ Vsªfof/kd us rS;kj dj fy;k FkkAbl yksdks dks jsy lapkyu ds fy, tktZ LVhQsalu us Lo:i fn;k] fQj Ýkal esa 1829]vesfjdk esa 1830]csfYt;e esa 1834] gkyS.M vkSj bVyh esa 1839 esa jsy pyus yxhA Hkkjr esa jsyxkM+h pykus dk izLrko 1844 esa vkj-,e-LVhQsalu us bZLV bf.M;k dEiuh dks fn;kAdEiuh us 1849 esa dydRrk ls jktegy¼fetkZiqj½dh vkjs 100 ehy rd jsy fuekZ.k vkjS lpa kyu dk dk;Z bZLV bf.M;k dEiuh dks fn;kAmlh le; ,d vkjS dk;Z cEcbZ ls dY;k.k ds fy, xzsV bf.M;k isfuUlqyj jsyos dEiuh dks fn;k x;kA 16 vizSy] 1853 dks cEcbZ esa vke vodk'k dk fnu FkkAnksigj gksrs gh NqV~Vh eukus okyksa dh HkhM+ cksjhcanj dh vkjs c<+us yxh FkhA lk<+s rhu cts ls Bhd igys uxj dh 400 fof'k\"V gfLr;ka ml fnu ds mRlo ds dUs nz QkWdys.M uked LVhe batu ls tqM xzsV bafM;u isfuulqyk jsyos ds 14 pepekrs fMCcksa ij lokj gks pqdh FkhAvk/kk ?kaVk iwjk gksrs gh pkyd ds lhVh ds rkj ds djhc igqaprs gh yksx [kq'kh ls >we mBs vkjS ml mel Hkjh nksigjh esa 21 canwdksa dh lykeh xwat mBhA Hkkjr dh igyh jsyxkM+h Bk.ks ds 35 fdeh ds lQj ij xjtrh&ngkM+rh py iM+hA yxHkx 6 lky ckn 3 ekpZ]1859 dks mRrj Hkkjr dh igyh jsy ykbu bykgkckn&dkuiqj ds chp fcNkbZ xbZAblds ckn 1889 esa fnYyh&vEckyk&dkydk ds chp jsy ykbu fcNk;h xbZA 2-2 {ks=h; jsy&bl le; Hkkjr esa dyq 67 jsy eaMy gSAtks 17 jsy {ks+= ¼tksu½ ds vUrZxr dk;Z djrs gSaA{ks=h; jsy dk eq[; iz'kklfud vf/kdkjh egkizca/kd gksrk gSAtks jsyos cksMZ ds izfr mRrjnk;h gksrk gSA bu {ks=ksa dks eaMyksa esa mi foHkkftr dj izR;sd dks ,d&,d eaMy jsy izca/kd ds v/khu j[kk x;k gSaAbathfu;fjax] ;kaf=d]fo|qr ladsr] nwjlapkj] [kkrk dfeZ;kas]ifjpkyu]okf.kfT;d vkjS lqj{kk 'kk[kkvksa ds izHkkxh; vf/kdkjh vius lca af/kr izHkkxh; izca/kdksa dks fjiksVZ djus ds fy, vkSj lpa kyu ,oa lia fRr ds j[kj[kko ds izHkkjh gSaA dksydkrk esVªks Hkkjrh; jsy }kjk gh lapkfyr gksrk gSAdkdsa .k jsyos Hkkjrh; jsy ds ,d lgk;d bdkbZ ds :i esa ijUrq Lok;Rr :i ls ifjpkfyr gksus okyh jsy O;oLFkk gSAftldk eq[;ky; uoh eqacbZ ds csykiqj esa j[kk x;k gSA;g lh/ks jsyos cksMZ ,oa dsUnzh; jsy ea=h ds fuxjkuh esa dke djrk gSA 15

Ø uke dksM LFkkfir eq[;ky fMohtu eqEcbZ] Hkqlkoy] iq.ks] 'kksykiqj] ukxiqj 1. e/; CR 05/11/1951 eqEcbZ 2. iwoZ e/; ECR 01/10/2002 gkthiqj nkukiqj] /kuckn] eqxyljk;] leLrhiqj]lksuiqj 3. bZLVdksLV ECOR 01/04/2003 Hkqous'oj [kqnkZjksM] okYVs;j] lEHkyiqj gkcMk] fl;kynkg] vklulksy] ekYnk 4. iwohZ ER 04-1952 dksydkrk bykgkckn] vkxjk] >kWlh 5. mRrj e/; NCR 01/04/2003 bykgkckn 6. mRrj iwohZ NER 1952 xksj[kiqj bTtruxj] y[kuÅ] okjk.klh mRrj t;iqj t;iqj] vtesj] chdkusj] tks/kiqj 7. if'peh NWR 01/10/2002 iwoksZRrj NFR 15/01/1958 xksgkVh vyhiqj]dfVgkj] jafx;k] yEcfMax] frulqfd;k 8. lhekar 9. mRrjh NR. 14/04/1952 fnYyh fnYyh]vEckyk]fQjkstiqj]y[kuÅ] eqjknkckn 10. nf{k.kh e/; SCR 02/10/1966 fldna jkckn fldna jkckn]gSnjkckn]xqaVdy]xqaVwj] ukansM+]fct;okM+k nf{k.k iwoZ fcykliqj 11. e/; SECR 01/04/2003 fcykliqj] jk;iqj] ukxiqj 12. nf{k.k iwohZ SER 1955 dksydkrk vknzk] pdz/kjiqj] [kM+xiqj] jkWph nf{k.k SWR 01/04/2003 gqcyh gqcyh] caxykSj] eSljw 13. if'peh 14. nf{k.kh SR 14/04/1951 psUubZ psUubZ] f=ph] enqj]S iky?kkV] f=osUnze tcyiqj 15. if'pe e/; WCR 01/04/2003 tcyiqj] Hkksiky] dksVk eqEcbZ]jryke]vgenkckn]jktdksV] 16. if'peh WR 05/11/1951 eqEcbZ dksydkrk Hkkouxj]cM+ksnjk dksydkrk 17. esVªks KMR 2010 dksydkrk 16

2.3 THE PRODUCTION UNITS OF RAILWAY BOARD. Name Abbr. Year Location Main products Established Chittaranjan Locomotive CLW 1947 Chittaranjan, Electric Locomotives Works Asansol 1961 Varanasi Diesel Locomotives Diesel Locomotive Works DLW Diesel- Locomotives 1981 Patiala Components Diesel-Loco Modernisation DMW Passenger coaches Works 1952 Chennai Passenger coaches 1986 Kapurthala Passenger coach springs Integral Coach Factory ICF 1988 Gwalior Railway wheels and axles 1984 Bangalore Railway wheels Rail Coach Factory RCF 2012 Chhapra Passenger coaches Rail Spring Karkhana RSK 2012 Raebareli Rail Wheel Factory RWF Rail Wheel Factory RWF Rail Coach Factory, RCF Raebareli 2.4 CENTRAL ORGANISATION OF INDIAN RAILWAY 1.CORE -Central Organisation for Railway Electrification –Allahabad. 2.COFMOW -Central Organisation for Mordenisation of WorksShop-Delhi 3.RDSO - Reasurch Design &Standerd Organisation-Lucknow 4.IRWO - Indian Railway Welfare Organisation-Delhi 5.IRPMU -Indian Railway Project Management Unit-Delhi. 2.5 PUBLIC SECTOR UNDERTAKINGS OF INDIAN RAILWAYS 1. IRCON Indian Railway Construction Company-Delhi 2. RITES -Rail India Technical & Economic Services-Delhi. 3. CRIS -Centre for Railway Information System-Delhi. 4. CONCOR -Container Corporation-Delhi. 5. IRFC -I.R. Finance Corporation-Delhi 6. KRC -Konkan Railway Corporation-Navi Mumbai(Belapur) 7. IRCTC -I.R. Catering & Tourism Corporation-Delhi. 8. RCIL -Rail Tel. Corpn. Of India Ltd., Delhi. 9. MRVC -Mumbai Rail Vikas Corporation, Mumbai 10.RVNL -Rail Vikas Nigam Limited 11. DMRC -Delhi Metro Rail Corporation 17

v/;k;&3 Qk;j QkbfVax pyrh xkM+h esa vkx vR;f/kd [krjukd gksrh gSAD;kfsa d pyrs le; gok ds }kjk nwljs dkspkas esa vkx yxus dh lEHkkouk jgrh gSA dHkh&dHkh ,sls le; esa ;k=h pyrh gkyr esa fMCcs ls dwn tkrs gSAftlds dkj.k nq?kVZuk gks tkrh gSA ;fn jfuax Vsªu esa vkx yx tk;s rks ,sls le; esa izR;sd jsy LVkQ tks lkbV ij ekStwn gks vkx cq>kus dk iz;kl djuk pkfg;s rkfd tku vkjS eky dh lqj{kk gks ldsA 3-1vkx dk fl)kUr %& rki] vkDlhtu vkjS Toyu'khy oLrqvksa ds chp esa gksus okyh jklk;fud fØ;k dks vkx dgrs gSA fuEu esa ls dksbZ izfØ;k viukus ij vkx cq>k;h tk ldrh gSA ¼1½ rkieku dks de djdAs ¼2½ vkDlhtu ds izHkko dks jksd djA ¼3½ vkx idM+us okyh oLrq dks gVk dj A lkekU;r% vkDlhtu dh igaqWp dks jksd dj vkx cq>k;h tkrh gSA 3-2 vkx ds izdkj %& vkx dks fuEufyf[kr Hkkxksa esa ckaVk x;k gSA A Class vkx %& ydM+h] diM+k]as ;k lw[ks inkFkksZ esa idM+us okyh Þ, Dykl vkxß dks rRdky ikuh ls cq>k;k tk ldrk gSAbls fuEu izdkj ds vfXuÓked ;Urz }kjk Òh cq>k;k tk ldrk gS tSls Soda Acid Type, Water Type B Class vkx %& rsy] ,Ydksgy] xzhl] isaV] rkjdksy vkfn esa idM+us okyh ch Dykl vkx dks cq>kus ds fy, CySUdsfVax ,tsaV tSls& Qkse ¼>kx½ dk iz;ksx djrs gSA>kx ds }kjk vkDlhtu vkx rd ugh igqWp ikrh gS vkjS vkx cq> tkrh gSAbl izdkj dh vkx dks cq>kus esa ikuh dk iz;ksx ugha djuk pkfg,A bls fuEu izdkj ds vfXu'kked ;Urz )kjk Òh cq>k;k tk ldrk gS tSls Foam type, CTC type, DCP type. C Class vkx %&xSlh; inkFkksZa esa idM+us okyh vkx dks lh Dykl vkx dgrs gSAtSls&Toyu'khy xSl] nzO; xSlAtyrh xSlks dks tyus ls jksdus ds fy, vfØ; xSl ikmMj ;k okf\"id nzo dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSAbls fuEu izdkj ds vfXu’kked ;Urz )kjk Òh cq>k;k tk ldrk gS tSls Co2 type, DCP type. D Class vkx%&jklk;fud inkFkksZa vkjS /kkrq inkFkksZa ij idM+us okyh vkx dks Mh Dykl vkx dgrs gSAtSls&eSXuhf'k;e],Y;wfefu;e lksfM;e]iksVsf'k;e vkfnAbls fuEu izdkj ds vfXuÓked ;Urz }kjk cq>k;k tkrk gSA E Class vkx%& lHkh izdkj ds fctyh ds midj.kkas esa yxus okyh vkx dks bZ Dykl vkx dgrs gSA,ls h vkx tks fctyh ds midj.kksa ;k lfdZV ds fudV yxh gks]dks ikuh ;k Qkse Vkbi vfXu'kked )kjk ugh cq>k;k tkrk gSA bl vkx dks dNq fo|qr jks/kh inkFkksZa tSls& fEkV~Vh] jsr] CO2 , vfXu'kked dk iz;ksx djds cq>k;k tkrk gSA 3.3 Electrical midj.kksa esa vkx yxus ds dkj.k %& ¼1½ Fuse Board ds ikl Toyu'khy inkFkZ gksukA ¼2½ Loose Connection gksukA 18

¼3½ Plug top loose gksukA ¼4½ Joint lgh u yxk gksukAdusDVj dk ljQsl lgh u gksukA ¼5½ Over loading ¼6½ yxk, x, Saftey Relay dk dk;Z u djukA ¼7½ Short Circuit gksuk % Phase wire ,oa Neutral wire dk fcuk yksM Resistance ds Vp gks tkuk] Earth fault dh fLFkfr esaA ¼8½ xyr Rating material use djus ls TkSls %& a- de Mk;k dk clckj iz;ksx djus lsA b- xyr jsfVax dk ¶;wt iz;ksx djus lsA c- de djsaV jsfVax dk Conductor iz;ksx djus lAs d- de {kerk dk Transformor yxk gksukA 3-4 fctyh ds midj.kksa esa vkx cq>krs le; lko/kkfu;k¡ %& ¼1½ loZizFke lIykbZ dkV nsuh pkfg,A ¼2½ ikuh dk iz;ksx ugh djuk pkfg,A ¼3½ ;fn dksbZ euq\"; vkx dh PkiVs es gS rc loZizFke mldh vkx cq>kdj rRi'pkr~ ikz Fkfed mipkj nsuk pkfg,A ¼4½ jsr] feêh ;k Mkª bZ dfs edy ikmMj vfXu'kked ;a= dh lgk;rk ls vkx cq>k,xsaA ;k=h xkM+h esa vkx yxus ij dk;Zokgh& ¼1½ ;fn ,ykeZ psu ifq yax gks rks xkM+h dks rqjUr jksdsA ¼2½ ikuh ;k dEcy ds }kjk vkx cq>kus dk iz;kl djsaA ¼3½ dqN ;k=h ctk; vkx ds /kqWvk ls gh ne ?kqVus ds dkj.k ej tkrs gSA ¼4½ ;kf=;ksa dks Hkhxs diM+s ls viuh ukd dks <dus dh lykg nsA ¼5½ lEHko gks rks ftl rjQ vkx ugh gS mu dkspks esa tkus dh lykg nsA ¼6½ ;kf=;ksa dks tku dh lqj{kk dh lykg nsAvius lkeku dh rjQ /;ku u nsA ¼7½ vkx okys dksp esa lqfuf'pr djsa fd dksbZ ;k=h ftUnk u iM+k gksA ¼8½ tyrs gq;s dksp dks nwljs dkps ls diyj [kksy dj vyx djsaA ¼9½ G&SR ds vuqlkj xkMZ ,oe~ ik;yV Vsªu dk izkVs sªD'ku djsA ¼10½ utnhdh LVs'ku@dUVªkys @Qk;j LVs'ku dks lwfpr djsA bysfDVdª batu@bZ0,e0;w0 es vkx yxus ij dk;Zokgh& ¼1½ ik;yV rqjUr Mh0 ts0 [kksys rFkk isUVks dks >qdk;s xkM+h dks rqjUr jksdsA ¼2½ fo|qr lIykbZ dkVus ds ckn vkx cq>kus dk iz;kl djsaA ¼3½ ;fn vfXu'kked ;a= }kjk vkx u cq>k;h tk lds rks yksdks ik;yV dks rqjUr Vh-ih-lh ds ek/;e ls vks-,p-b-Z dks dVok nsA ¼4½ xkMZ rFkk vU; LVkQ ;fn ekStwn gks vkx cq>kus es lgk;rk djsaA ¼5½ fctyh ds midj.k esa ikuh ls vkx dks u cq>k;sA ¼6½ ;fn Qk;j fczxsM dh xkM+h miyC/k gks rks mls rc rd vkx u cq>kus ns tc rd vks-,p-b-Z MMs u gks tk;sA 3-5 vfXu'kked ;=a ds izdkj %& 19

Dry chemical Powder type vfXu&'kked ;a= %& fctyh dh vkx cq>kus ds fy, iz;ksx djrs gSA;g flys.Mj ds vkdkj dk gksrk gSAVkWi ij ,d yksgs dk dkfVZt yxk jgrk gSAftlesa 120ml Dry CO2 Hkjk jgrk gSAdkfVZt ds Åij ,d diS gksrk gSAftls fDyi }kjk sealed dj fn;k tkrk gSAflys.Mj ls ,d PVC ikbi fudyk gksrk gS ftlesa Nozzle yxk jgrk gSA mi;ksx fof/k%&loZizFke diS ds Åij yxs gq, fDyi dks gVk nsrs gSaA rRi'pkr diS ij gkFk ls ;k fdlh Hkkjh oLrq ls pksV ekjus ls dkfVZt Break gks tkrh gS vkjS mlds vUnj dk chemical powder (CO2) uhps j[ks Powder esa Mix gks dj rsth ls ikbi }kjk ckgj fudyrk gSA Fire Extinguisher dh validity lekU;r% 6 ekg gksrh gSA fo|qr yksdks esa bl izdkj ds pkj vfXu'kked ;=a vf/kdka'kr% ;g dSc esa ;k dcS &1 lgk;d yksdks ik;yV lkbM ykdj esa j[ks tkrs gSaA vfXu'kked ij fy[kk fooj.k ¼1½ dez l0a & ¼2½ fiNyh fjfQfyax frfFk & ¼3½ ,Dlik;jh frfFk & ¼4½ otu usV & ¼5½ xzkl & lksMk&,flM vfXu'kked%&;g csyukdkj vfXu'kked A class vkx ds fy;s mi;qDr gksrk gSaAblds vUnj lksMk rFkk ikuh dk lksY;w'ku Hkjk gksrk gS rFkk ,d dkWp dh ¶ykLd esa lY¶;fw jd vEy Hkjk gksrk gSAtc vfXu'kked dks mYVk fd;k tkrk gSa rks ,flM lksY;w'ku esa feDl gks tkrk gS rFkk dkcZu MkbZ vkDlkbM xSl curh gSaAtks fd izs'kj ds lkFk lksY;w'ku dks gkst ikbi ls ckgj fudkyrh gSA;g ydM+h]diM+k rFkk dkxt bR;kfn ij mi;ksx gksrk gSaAblls isVªksy]rsy]Mhty bR;kfn Toyu'khy inkFkksZ dh vkx ugh cq>k;h tk ldrh gSaA dkcZu MkbZ vkDlkbM vfXu'kked%&bl izdkj ds vfXu'kked ;a=ks dk uksty gkuZ Vkbi dk gksrk gSaAblesa dkcZu MkbZ vkDlkbM xSl rjy :i ls Hkjh jgrh gSaAbldk bLrseky djus ij ;g ok\"ihd`r gksdj ckgj fudyrh gS rFkk vkx dks cq>krh gSaAbldk iz;ksx bysfDVªd Qk;j rFkk fdlh nzo esa vkx yxus ij fd;k tk ldrk gSaA;g de lrg okyh vkx rFkk cUn txg ij T;knk dkjxj gksrk gSaAbls vksiu ,vj okyh txg ij ugh iz;ksx djuk pkfg;sA Qkse vfXu'kked%&bldk iz;ksx ‘B’ Dykl dh vkx esa gksrk gSaAQkse Vkbi vfXu'kked esa ikuh]lksfM;e ckbZ dkckusZ sV rFkk vY;qfefu;e lYQsV ikmMj dk iz;ksx gksrk gSAtc ;g vkil esa feDl gksrs gS rks CO2 ds cqycqys curs gS tks fd Qkse dk :i ys ysrs gSaA dkcZu VsVªkDyksjkbM vfXu'kked(CTC):- bl esa dkcZu VsVªkDyksjkbM nzo ds :i esa Hkjk gksrk gSaA;g bYsfDVªdy vkx ds fy;s mi;qDr gksrk gSaAbudk iz;ksx cUn txg ij ugh djrs gSa D;ksafd bldh ok\"i tgjhyh gksrh gSaA 3-6 vfXu'kked ;a= ds iz;ksx dk rjhdk ,oa lko/kkuh& 20

1- DJ [kksysa] isaVks >qdk;sa] HBA dks 0 ij djAsa 2- vkx cq>kus okys ;a= dk lhy rksM+ dj DySEi vyx djsa vkjS ;a= dks vkx cq>kus okys txg ij ys tk;sA 3- vkx ds foijhr fn'kk esa ¼gok ds foijhr½ [kM+s gks tkb;s ;a= dks uhps mBk dj jcj ikbi dk ukWty vkx dh rjQ jf[k;sA 4- vc fdlh dBksj pht ls diS dks Bksfd;s ftlls ;a= ds vanj dk lQsn ikmMj xSl ds lkFk fudyuk 'kq: gks tk;A 5- vxj ,d vkx cq>kus okys ;a= ls vkx u cq>s rks rqjUr nwljs dk iz;ksx djsaA bl ckr dk [kkl [;ky j[ks fd ;s ;a= dNq lds .s M esa [kkyh gks tkrk gS blfy, ikbi dk ukWty Bhd vkx ds Åij j[ksaA 21

v/;k;&4 izkFkfed fpfdRlk fdlh chekj ;k {kfrxzLr O;fDr dks MkDVjh mipkj ls iwoZ mlds thou dh j{kk ds fy, iznku dh xbZ lgk;rk dks izkFkfed fpfdRlk dgrs gSaA;g fdlh xEHkhj fLFkfr] vkikrdky] thou e`R;q dh n'kk vFkok de xEHkhj pksVks dh n'kk esa gks ldrh gSAizkFkfed fpfdRlk nsus ls iwoZ fnekx esa fdlh izdkj dk Hk;] }sÔ ;k ?k`.kk ugh gksuh pkfg;sA izkFkfed fpfdRlk nsus ds lkFk&lkFk utnhdh LokLF; dsUnz esa ys tkus dk vfr 'kh?kz iz;kl djuk pkfg;As 4-1 cgqr rst cq[kkj%&'kjhj cgqr rst xeZ gksrk gS vkjS uCt rst gks tkrh gSaA ¼ifz r feUkV 100 ls T;knk½ mipkj %& BaMs ikuh dh iV~Vh ekFks ]ckag vkjS iSjks ij j[kuk pkfg, ftlls 'kjhj dk rkieku de gks tk;s RkFkk VscysV iSjklhVkeksy nsuk pkfg,A 4-2&iz?kkr y{k.k (Attack)%& 1& detksj rst uCtA 2& mYVh djuk ;k eglwl gksukA 3& BaMh ue ihyh peM+hA 4& cgqr T;knk I;kl yxuk vkSj jDr pki vpkud de gks tkuk 5& cspSuh] ekufld mYk>ko o csgks'khA mipkj %& 1&flj FkksM+k Åij djds fyVk,aA 2&B.M yx jgh gks rks dEcy vks<+k,aAA 3&xeZ ;k xquxqus ikuh ;k rjy inkFkZ nsaA 4&'kkar jgsa vkSj ejht dh fgEer c<+k,aA 4-3& csgks'kh %& blds fuEu dkj.k gks ldrs gSaA 1& u'kkA 2& Mj ;k detksjhA 3& flj dh pksVA 4& rki?kkRk 5& tgj ds dkj.k 6& e/kqesgA 7& iz?kkr mipkj 1& lkal Bhd ls ugha ys jgk gS eq[k 'olu fØ;k }kjk lkal fnyok,aA 2& [kwu cg jgk gks rks mls cUn djus dh dksf'k'k djsaA 3& ân; /kM+duk can djs rks mlds Nkrh esa ekfy'k djsaA 4& rki?kkr gS rks Nk;k esa fyVk;sA 4-4& lkal :dus yxs blds fuEu dkj.k gks ldrs gSaA 1& xys es dksbZ pht :d tkuk ;k Qal tkukA 2& csgks'k O;fDRk ds xys esa thHk ;k cyxe vVd tkukA 3& Mcw uk] tgj ;k /kq,a ds dkj.k lkal ?kqVukA 22

4& Nkrh ;k flj ij tksj ls pksV yxukA 5& fny dk nkSjk ¼ân; ?kkr½ mipkj % eq[k 'olu fØ;k djAsa tc xys esa dksbZ pht Qal tk; bls nks izdkj ls fudkyk tk ldrk gSA O;fDr ds ihNs [kMs+ gksdj mlds isV ij nksuksa gkFkksa dks ,d nwljs esa Qalk dj eqB~Bh cka/k ysa rc ,d >Vds ds lkFk mlds isV dks Åij dh rjQ nck;sa blls mlds QsQM+ksa dh gok ,d lkFk fudysxh vkSj xys esa Qalh pht Hkh fudy tk;sxhA mls ihB ds cy tehu esa fyVk nsa mlds flj dks ,d rjQ ?kqek nsa rFkk mlds Åij cSB dj isV ij ukfHk ls Åij gkFk j[kdj ,d >Vds ls Åij dh vksj c<+k;saA xys esa Qalh pht fudy tk;sxhA 4-6 fo|qr 'kkWd yxus ij izkFkfed mipkj tc dHkh O;fDr lfØ; rkj ;k midj.k ds lEidZ esa vkrk gS rc fo|qr vkiwfrZ Jksr Iyx vkfn [khapdj jcM+ dk mi;ksx dj Lo;a dks Hkw&lEidZ ls vyx dj mls 'kh?kzrk ls fo|qr djsaV ls vyx djuk pkfg,A tc O;fDr fo|qr ok;jks ds lEidZ eas vk tkrk gS rks mls uaxs gkFkksa ls Li'kZ u djas] ydM+h dh NM+h@l[w ks CysadsV@jcM+ jkWM@isij] tks Hkh miyC/k gks] mls lfØ; rkj ls vyx djus ds fy, mi;ksx djuk pkfg,A lfØ; rkj ds lEidZ ls fo|qr yxs O;fDr dks vyx djus ds ckn lfq uf'pr djsa fd og O;fDr thfor gS rks mls izkFkfed mipkj nas vkjS ;fn vko';d gks rks mls Ñf=e 'olu djk;sa rFkk rqjUr MkDVj dks cqyk;saA Ñf=e 'olu djkus ls igys lfq uf'pr djsa fd mldh dksbZ gfM~M;k¡ ugha VwVh gSa vkjS QQs Mkas ds ikl dksbZ ÝSDpj ugha gSA Ñf=e 'olu ds nkSjku fdlh Hkh ml fØ;k dks Vkyk tk;sa ftlls varZxr vo;oksa dks pksV igq¡p ldrh gSA ;fn tyus ds t[e gksa rks fo'ksÔ /;ku nsuk pkfg,A 4-7 Ñf=e 'olu % ?kqVu tSls 'oklkojks/k] gkVZ vVSd vkjS lLq rh dh fLFkfr esa fuEufyf[kr i)fr;ksa dk mi;ksx dhft, & jksxh dks mldk eqag uhps dh rjQ j[kuk pkfg,A jksxh dks mldk eqag lh/kk j[krs gq;s fyVkukA eqag ls ukd esaA buesa ls eqag ls ukd esa lkal nsus dh fØ;k csgrj vkSj iHz kkoh gSA i)fr % ?kk;y O;fDr dks ihB ds cy fyVk;saAmldk eqag vkjS xyk lkQ djsaAflj dks ,d rjQ ?kqekdj maxfy;ksa ls lgyk;saA uhps dk tcM+k idM dj j[kas vkjS mldk flj ihNs dh rjQ >qdk;as] 'okl uyh dks [kqyk j[ksa vkjS thHk dks xys ls ckgj fudky ysaA 23

LoPN gok dh xgjh lkal nsaAmlds ukd ij eq¡g j[kas] eq¡g cUn j[ksaAiwjh rjg ukd eas gok QwadsaAeq¡g gVk yas Nkrh uhps vkus nsaA yxHkx 10&12 ckj@feuV eq¡g ls lkal nsuk tkjh j[kas tc rd fd jksxh lkal ysuk vkjEHk ugha djrkA 4.8 First Aid Box :- 1& iV~Vh 2& fMVkWy 3& :bZ 4& ,UVhlsIVhd Øhe 5& nnZ dk VscysV 6& ØSi caSMst 7& cq[kkj dh VscysV 8& ,ythZ dh VscysV 9& isV ds mipkj dh VscysV 24

v/;k;&5 fo|rq lEcfU/kr lkekU; tkudkjh 5-1 izrhd fpUg%&izrhd fpUg fdlh Hkh bysfDVªd midj.k dk ljyhd`r Lo:Ik gksrk gSAbu izrhd fpUgksa dk mi;ksx Mkª bax ;k lfdZV cukus eas gksrk gSaA 25

5-2 fo|qr@fctyh%& fo|qr ÅtkZ dk ,d Lo:i gS tks fdlh cUn ifjiFk esa bysDVªkuks ds izokg ds }kjk mRiUu gksrh gSAbls ns[kk ugh tk ldrk fdUrq blds izHkko eglwl fd;s tk ldrs gSaA 5-3 fo|qr ifjiFk%& ;g ,d lIykbZ ds lkz sr] fjlhoj]tksM+us okys rkjksa rFkk fLop dk ,slk la;kstu gS ftlls bfPNr dk;Z fy;k tk ldsA lfdVZ la- 1 5-4 oksYVst %& fdlh Hkh oLrq dks pykus ds fy, cy dh vko';drk gksrh gS mlh izdkj fctyh dks pykus ds fy, cy dh vko';drk gksrh gS mls fo|qr okgd cy dgrs gSA okLro esa bysDVªkuksa dk ,d fuf'pr fn'kk es acgko fo|qr okgd cy ds vUrj ds dkj.k gksrk gSA fo|qr okgd cy ds vUrj dks 26

dh foHkokUrj ;k oksYVst dgrs gSA bls oksYV ehVj ls ukirs gSA bls V ls iznf'kZr djrsa gSAbldh bdkbZ oksYV gksrh gSA 5-5 djsaV fdlh pkyd esa bysDVªkuksa ds ,d fuf'pr fn'kk esa yxkrkj cgko dks djs.V dgrs gSA bls I ls iznf'kZr djrs gSaA blds ukius dh bdkbZ ,fEi;j (Ampire) gSA bls A ls iznf'kZr djrs gSaA ,fEi;j ehVj ls djs.V ¼/kkjk½ ukik tkrk gSA 5-6 izfrjks/k%&fdlh inkFkZ dk og xq.k tks mlesa gksdj cgus okyh /kkjk dk fojks/k djrk gS og ml inkFkZ dk izfrjks/k dgykrk gSAifz rjk/s k dks R ls iznf'kZr djrs gSAizfrjks/k dh bdkbZ ¼vkse~½ gksrh gSAbls vkes ~ ehVj ds }kjk ukik tkrk gSA 5-7 oksYVst] djsUV ,oa izfrjks/k ds chp lEcU/k vksg~e dk fu;e%& tc fdlh pkyd dh HkkSfrd voLFkk;sa tSls rki]nkc]yEckbZ]eksVkbZ bR;kfn u cnysa rks pkyd esa cgus okyh /kkjk ml pkyd ds nksuks fljks ij yxk;s x;s oksYVst ds lekuqikrh gksrh gSA VαI V = I R tgka R pkyd dk izfrjks/k gksrk gSA QSjkMs dk bysDVªks eSXusfVd bUMD'ku dk f}rh; fu;e fdlh Dok;y esa mRiUu EMF ml ij iM+us okys pqEcfd; ¶yDl esa ifjorZu dh nj dk lekuqikr ds cjkcj gksrk gSA jftLVsalksa dk tksM+ jftLVsalksa dks fuEufyf[kr fof/k;ksa }kjk tksM+k tk ldrk gSA lhjht Øze %& lhjht dez esa izfrjks/kksa dks bl izdkj tksM+k tkrk gS fd fdlh izdkj dk nwljk fljk vxys izfrjks/k ds igys fljs ls tqM+k jgs rks bl izdkj ds l;a kstu esa /kkjk ds fy;s dsoy ,d ekxZ miyC/k jgrk gS ftlls lHkh izfrjks/kdksa esa /kkjk dk eku leku jgrk gS A lhjht Øe esa R= r1+r2+r3+……… lhjht dze dh fo'ks\"krk,sa %& ¼1½ lhjht dze esa l;a ksftr lHkh izfrjks/kksa esa /kkjk leku jgrh gSA ¼2½ Js.kh dze esa la;ksftr izfrjks/kdksa ds fljksa ds chp foHkokUrj muds izfrjks/kksa ds vuqdzekuqikrh gksrk gS A ¼3½ Js.khdze esa l;a ksftr izfrjks/kdksa dk rqY; izfrjks/k muds izfrjks/kksa ds ;ksx ds cjkcj gksrk gSA izfrjks/kksa dk lekukUrj dze %&lekukUrj esa l;a ksftr djus ds fy;s lHkh izfrjks/kdksa ds ,d fljks dks ,d lkFk ifjiFk ds ,d fcUnq ij rFkk nwljs fljksa dks nwljs fcUnq ij tksM+k tkrk gSAvr% lHkh izfrjks/kdksa ds fljks ds chp dk foHkokUrj leku gksrk gSA 1- lekukUrj dez esa lHkh izfrjks/kdksa ds fljksa ds chp foHkokUrj leku gksrk gSA 27

2- lekukUrj dez esa l;a ksftr lHkh izfrjks/kdksa esa izokfgr /kkjk;sa muds izfrjks/kksa ds O;qRdzekuqikrh gksrh gSA 3- lekukUrj dez esa l;a ksftr izfrjks/kdksa ds lerqY; izfrjks/k dk O;qRdze muds izfrjks/kksa ds O;qRdze ds ;ksx ds cjkcj gksrk gSA 1/ R = 1/r1 + 1/r2 + 1/r3 lfdZV la- 2 5-8 lsy%& ;g ÅtkZ dk og lkz sr gS ftlesa dfs edy buthZ dks bysfDVªdy buthZ esa cny dj Mh-lh- djsUV iSnk djrk gSaA cSVjh%&,d ls T;knk lys ksa dks vkil esa lhjht vFkok iSjyy esa tksM+dj cSVjh cuk;h tkrh gSA 5-9 AC eksVj%&;g ,d ,slh e'khu gS tks fd AC ls pyrh gS rFkk fo|qr ÅtkZ dks ;kaf=d ÅtkZ esa cnyrh gSA;fn ;g ,d Qst ,lh ij pyrh gS rks flaxy Qst ,lh eksVj dgykrh gS ;fn rhu Qst ij pyrh gS rks rhu Qst ,lh eksVj dgykrh gSA 5-10 vehVj%& ;g fo|qr /kkjk ukius dk ;a= gksrk gSAbls lfdVZ esa lhjht dze esa tksM+rs gS A fp= la- 1 5-11 oksYVehVj %& ;g oksYVst ukius dk ;a= gksrk gSA bls lfdZV esa lkekukUrj dze esa yxkrs gSA fp= la- 2 5-12 Dok;y%& fdlh yEcs pkyd dks tc dbZ l[a ;k esa ?kqekdj cuk;k tkrk gS rks pkyd dks Dok;y dgrs gSAbldk iz;ksx bysDVªks eSxusV] fjys]eksVj bR;kfn esa fd;k tkrk gSaA 5-13 Pkkyd%& os inkFkZ tks vius vUnj ls fo|qr /kkjk dk izokg vklkuh ls gksus nsrs gS pkyd inkFkZ dgykrs gSAbldh bdkbZ Egks gksrh gS rFkk bls G ls iznfÓZr djrs gSA tSls pkWnh] rkWck] ,Y;qehfu;e vkfnA 5-14 vFkZ%& vFkZ ,d vPNk pkyd gS dbZ fo|qr lfdZV blls¼i`Foh ds ek/;e l½s iwjs fd;s tkrs gS A 5-15 fLop %& fo|qr ifjiFk dks vkQ@vku djus dh ;qfDr gSA 5-16 lfdZV czsdj%& ;g Hkh fo|qr ifjiFk dks vkQ vFkok vku djus dk ;a= gS fdlh vlkekU; ?kVuk gksus ij vius vki ;g lfdVZ dks vkQ dj nsrh gSA 5-17 VfeZuy%& ;g ,slk fcUnq gS tgkW ij fdlh midj.k ds rkj lqjf{kr :i ls tksM+s tkrs gS VfeZuy dgykrk gSA 28

5-18 bUlqysVj%& ;g og inkFkZ gS tks fo|qr /kkjk dks fo|qr cy dh mifLFkfr esa izokfgr ugha gksus nsrk gSA bldh bdkbZ KV/MM gksrh gS] ftls MkbZ bysDVªhd LVªsUFk dgrs gSA 5-19 baMDVsal%& fdlh Dok;y dk og xq.k tks vius vUnj ls gksdj xqtjus okyh /kkjk esa ifjorZu dk fojk/s k djrk gS baMDVsal dgykrk gSAbldh bZdkbZ gsujh gksrh gSA 5-20 ¶yDl%& fdlh pqEcd }kjk mRlftZr pqEcdh; js[kkvksa dh l[a ;k dks eSXusfVd ¶yDl dgrs gSAbldh bdkbZ oscj gksrh gSA 5-21 diS sflVj ;k dUMals j%&tc fdUgh nks pkydksa dh IysV dks fdlh dqpkyd inkFkZ ls vyx fd;k tkrk gS rks ;g ,d dUMals j ;k diS sflVj cu tkrk gSA bldh nksuks fljks dks lIykbZ ls tksM+us ij ;g ml lIykbZ dks LVksj dj ysrk gS rFkk t:jr ds le; mls fjyht djrk gSA 5-22 ;kaf=d ikoj % vkW;y batu] LVªhe batu ,oa fctyh dh eksVjks dh ikoj dks eSdsfudy ikoj dgk tkrk gSAD;ksfd ;g nwljh e'khuksa dks pykus ds fy;s iz;ksx gksrh gSA bls gklZ ikoj esa izdV fd;k tkrk gSa A 5-23 ehfVªd H.P. :- fdlh e'khu }kjk 1 feuV ;k ,d lds .s M esa fd;s x;s dk;Z ls ifjHkkf\"kr fd;k tkrk gSA 1 H.P. = 746 okV 5-24 bysfDVªd dk;Z%& 1 oksYV ds EMF ds ,d ,fEi;j djsUV dks ,d lds .s M rd xqtkjus es ,d bZdkbZ¼twy½ fctyh dk dk;Z gksrk gSA twy = oksYVl x ,fEi;j x lds .s M ;fn le; ?kaVks esa iz;ksx fd;k tk;s rks ,d oksYV rFkk ,d ,fEi;j dh djsUV 1 ?kaVs esa 1 okV vkoj fctyh iSnk djsxhA 1WH=1Vx1Ax1H 5-25 fo|qr 'kfDr%& dke djus dh nj dks ikoj dgrs gSaA;fn ,d oksYV fctyh fdlh lfdZV esa ,d ,fEi;j dh djsaV iSnk djs rks ml lfdZV dh ikoj 1 okV dgykrh gSA okV = oksYV x ,fEi;j 1000W = 1KW 5-26 VªkUlQkeZj%& VªkUlQkeZj ,d fLFkj midj.k gS ftlds }kjk ,lh lIykbZ dks fcuk QzhDoslh esa ifjorZu fd;s ,d Dok;y ls nwljs Dok;y ij ?kVk vFkok c<+kdj VªkalQj fd;k tk ldrk gSaA VªkUlQkeZj E;qpqvy baMD'u ds fl/nkUr ij dk;Z djrk gSA tc izkbejh okbfMax dks ge lIykbZ nsrs gS rks dksj esa ,d eSXusfVd QhYM iSnk gks tkrk gSA;g eSXusfVd QhYM lds .s Mjh okbfMxa esa Hkh oksYVst iSnk dj nsrk gS ;fn lds .s Mjh okbfMax ij dksbZ yksM Mkyk tk;s rks lds .s Mjh lfdZV esa Hkh djsUV pyus yxrh gSA Vªkla QkeZj rhu Hkkxksa ls feYkdj cuk gksrk gSA izkbejh okbfMax bl okbfMxa esa buiqV lIykbZ nh tkrh gSA lds s.Mjh okbfMxa bl okbfMax ls ge ?kVk gqvk ;k c<+k lIykbZ ckgj ysrs gSA 29

dksj ;g fo'ks\"k izdkj dh Alloy steel dh iryh ifRr;ksa dks bdB~Bk djds (Laminated core) cuk;k tkrk gS ftldk Rasistance High gksrk gS ,oa Hystersisloss de gksrk gSA VªkalQkeZj ds izdkj %& dksj ds vk/kkj ij & dksjVkbi]'kSy Vkbi] csjh Vkbi oksYVst ds vk/kkj ij & LVsi vi] LVsi Mkmu] vkVks Qst ds vk/kkj ij & flaxy Qst] rhu Qts Ikkoj ds vk/kkj ij & fMLVªhO;'w ku] ikoj VªkUlQkeZj BaMk djus ds vk/kkj ij & gok ds }kjk] rsy ds }kjk vkVks VªkUlQkeZj%& ;g ,d ,slk Vªkla Qkjej gS ftles flQZ ,d gh Dok;y gksrh gS ftles fofHkUu VSi fn;s gksrs gS ftudh enn ls t:jr ds vuqlkj ifjorZuh; oksYVst izkIr fd;k tk ldrk gSA 5-27 ¶;wt%&¶;wt ,d iryh rkj gksrh gS ftldk dk;Z lfdZV esa ukeZy fu/kkZfjr djaV ls vf/kd xqtjus ij fi?ky dj lfdVZ dh lIykbZ dks cUn dj nsuk gksrk gSA ¶;wt ok;j%& ¶;wt rkjks ds fy, fVu] ysM] tLrk] pkanh] ,UVheuh] rkWck ,Y;qehfu;e vkfn dh rkjs iz;ksx dh tkrh gSA¶;wt rkjks ds fy, pkWnh lcls vPNh /kkrq gS D;ksafd bl ij tax ugh yxrk rFkk vkDlhMls u Hkh ugh gksrk gSA¶;wt ds fy;s fVu p<+k rkWck rFkk ysM fVu feJ /kkrq ds rkj i;z ksx esa ykrs gSA 5-28 Mh-lh-eksVj& ;g e'khu fo|qr ÅtkZ dks ;kaf=d ÅtkZ esa cnyrh gSA ;g Hkh QSjkMs ds bysDVªks eSXusfVd baMD'ku ds fl)kUr ij dk;Z djrk gSA blesa tujsVj ds foijhr ;fn fdlh dUMDVj dks ftlesa ls djaV cg jgh gS dks pqEcdh; {ks= eas j[kus ij og d.MDVj ?kweus yxrk gSA 5-29 ¶ysfeax dk fu;e ck;sa gkFk dk fu;e %& tc fdlh pkyd dks pqEcdh; {ks= esa j[k dj mles djsUV izokfgr dh tkrh gS rks pkyd esa ,d cy iSnk gks tkrk gSADok;y ds nksuks dUMDVjksa esa cjkcj ijUrq foijhr fn'kk ds cy ls ?kweus yxrh gSAbls eksVj dk fl)kUr dgrs gSa ;fn ck;sa gkFk dh maxfy;ksa]&igyh maxyh]chp dh maxyh vkSj vaxwBk rhukas ,d nwljs ls 900 dh nwjh ij gks rks ;fn igyh maxyh pqEcdh; {ks= dh fnÓk crk;s vkSj chp dh maxyh dUMDVj esa djsUV dh fnÓk crk;s rks vaxwBk dUMDVj ds fgyus dh fnÓk crk;sxkA nkfgus gkFk dk fu;e %& ¶ySfeax ds nkfgus gkFk dk fu;e fdlh dUMDVj esa iSnk gq;h EMF dh fnÓk crkrk gSA ;fn nka;sa gkFk dk vaxwBk] igyh maxyh vkSj chp dh maxyh ,d nwljs ls 900 dh nwjh ij gks rks igyh maxyh QhYM dh fnÓk] vaxwBk dUMDVj ds fgyus dh fnÓk vkSj chp dh maxyh dUMDVj esa iSnk gq;h EMF dh fnÓk crk;sxkA 5-30 Mh-lh-tujsVj&;g e'khu ,d ,slh e'khu gS tks ;kaf=d ÅtkZ dks fo|qr ÅtkZ esa cnyrh gS 30

fl/nkUr%& fdlh cUn Dok;y dks le:i pqEcdh; {ks= esa ?kqek;k tkrk gSa rks QSjkMs ds pqEcdh; izsj.kk ds fu;ekuqlkj Dok;y ds dUMDVj esa bUM~;wLM oksYVst iSnk gks tkrk gSAbl bUM~;wLM oksYVst dh otg ls gh lfdZV esa djsUV cgus yxrh gSA 5.31 AC fctyh %&og fctyh dks viuh fn'kk ,oa ifjek.k (Continuty) ,d fuf'pr le; ckn cnyrh jgrh gSA mls AC fctyh dgrs gSA Example :- vYVjusVj }kjk cuk;h x;h fctyhA 5.32 DC fctyh %&tks fctyh le; ds lkFk&lkFk viuh fn'kk o ifjek.k ugh cnyrh gSA mls DC fctyh dgrs gSA Example :- cSVjh ls mRiUu gksus okyh fctyhA 5-33 eksVj ,oa tujsVj esa vUrj eksVj tujsVj 1. ;g fo|qr ÅtkZ dks ;kaf=d ÅtkZ es 1-;g ;kaf=d ÅtkZ dks fo|qr ÅtkZ esa ifjofrZr djrk gSA ifjofrZr djrk gSA 2-bldh LihM dks ?kVk;k&c<+k;k tk 2-;g fu/kkZfjr LihM ls ?kwerk gSA Lkdrk gSA 3-eksVj ds ?kweus dh fn'kk cnyh tk 3-tusjVs j ds ?kweus dh fn'kk ugh ldrh gSA cnyh Tkk ldrh gSA 4-eksVj ds ?kweus dh fn'kk ¶ysfeax ds 4-izsfjr gq;h /kkjk dh fn'kk ¶ysfeax ck;s gkFk ds fu;ekuqlkj gksrh gSA ds nk;s gkFk ds fu;ekuqlkj gksrh gSA 5-34 ,-lh- eksVj vkSj Mh-lh- eksVj esa vUrj& ,-lh eksVj Mh- lh- eksVj 1- ;g ,-lh fctyh }kjk pyrh gS ;g Mh-lh- fctyh }kjk pyrh gSA 2- blds ?kweus okys Hkkx dks jksVj rFkk blds ?kweus okys Hkkx dks vkesZpj fLFkj Hkkx dks LVsVj dgrs gSA rFkk fLFkj Hkkx dks LVsVj dgrs gSA 3- blesa fctyh fZLyi fjax ds }kjk nh blesa fctyh dE;wVsVj ,oa dkcZu c'q k vkjS yh tkrh gSA }kjk nh tkrh gSA 4- blds j[k j[kko esa [kpZ de vkrk blds j[k j[kko esa [kpZ vf/kd vkrk gSA gSA 5- blesa jksVsfVax eSXusfVd QhYM iSnk bles ;wuhQkeZ eSXusfVd QhYM iSnk gksrh gksrh gSA gSA 5-35 ekid ;=a ehVj dk uke Ekkid jkf'k ;wfuV vehVj /kkjk ;k djsUV ,fEi;j oksYV ehVj oksYVst ;k foHkokUrj oksYV okV ehVj ikoj okV vkes ehVj izfrjks/k ;k jftLVsal vkes QzhDosalh ehVj QzhDosalh gVZt esxj bUlwys'ku jftLVsal(IR) esxk vkse 31

buthZ ehVj buthZ ;k ÅtkZ okV vkoj ;k fdyksokV&vkoj AC ds mi;ksx %& vktdy gj ?kj rFkk QSDVªh vkfn esa ykbV rFkk ikoj ds fy;s AC yxkbZ tkrh gSA AC ds DC ij ykHk %& AC oksYVst dks Vªkla QkeZj }kjk ?kVk;k&c<+k;k tk ldrk gSA AC esa vf/kd oksYVst ij Transmisson djus ij fctyh cpkrh gSA leku ikoj ds fy, AC eksVjsa LkLrh gYdh rFkk de LFkku ?ksjus okyh gksrh gSA AC dks DC esa vklkuh ls cnyk tk ldrk gSAtc fd DC dks AC esa cnyuk dfBu gSA 5-36 Mh-lh- tujsVj %& Mh0lh0 tujsVj QSjkMs ds bysDVªkseSXusfVd bUMD'ku ds fl)kUr ij dk;Z djrk gSA vFkkZr~ fdlh pqEcdh; {ks= esa fdlh d.MDVj dks ?kqekus ls ml d.MDVj esa E.M.I iSnk gks tkrk gSA pqEcdh; ¶yEl tujsVj dh ckM+h ds lkFk yxs gq, iksy }kjk izkIr dh tkrh gSA iksy ds pkjks vkjs QSyh Dokby fyiVh gksrh gS] rFkk ?kqeus okyk d.MDVj vkesZpj dgykrk gSAvkesZpj pqEcdh; inkFkZ dk ysfeusVsM dksj gksrk gSAftl ij LykV dVh gksrh gS] rFkk d.MDVj okbfMax ds :i esa LykV esa yxk gksrk gSAvkesZpj ds lkFk <+yk gqvk d.MDVj gksrk gSA ftldk dk;Z ?kqekrs gq, vkesZpj ls mRiUu ,-lh- oksYVst dks Mh-lh- ds :i esa fdlh ckâ; Jksr ds fy,s fd;k tkrk gSA 5-37 ,-lh- tusjsVj ;k vkYVjusVj%& ;g ,d ,slh e'khu gS ftlds }kjk ;kWf=d ÅtkZ dks fo|qr ÅtkZ esa cnyk tkrk gSaA blds }kjk ,-lh- djsUV iSnk gksrh gSaA vYVjusVj Mh-lh- tujsVj ds fl)kUr ij dk;Z djrk gSA ;fn fdlh ?kqers gq, QhYM esa fdlh d.MDVj dks j[k fn;k tk;s rks ml d.MDVj esa E.M.F. iSnk gks tkrk gSA vYVj usVj ds rhu eq[; Hkkx gksrs gS& jksVj%&Bksl LVhy dk cuk gksrk gS bl ij nks ;k pkj iksy cuk;s tkrs gSA LVsVj%&;g iryh&iryh ifRr;ksa dks tksM+dj cuk;k tkrk gS ,ao okbfMxa ds fy;s blds vUnj [kk¡ps dVs gksrs gSA ,DlkbVj%& QhYM lsYQ ,ElkbVsM ugh gksrk vr% QhYM dks ,ElkbM ¼?kqekus½ djus ds fy, Mh-lh- 'kaV tujsVj dk iz;ksx Excitor ds :i esa fd;k tkrk gSA 5-38 'kkVZ lfdZV%& fdlh Hkh fo|qr ifjiFk esa nks fofHkUu ysoy gksrs gSA,d ikftfVo rFkk nwljk fuxsfVoA tc dHkh ;g nksuks ysoy ux.; izfrjks/k ds }kjk vkil eas fey tkrs gS rks bl ?kVuk dks 'kkVZ lfdVZ dgrs gSA 'kkVZ lfdZV ds izHkko%& 1) fjlhoj lfdVZ ls vyx gks tkrk gSAftlls ifjiFk dk izfrjks/k vlkekU; :i ls ?kV tkrk gSA/kkjk dh rhozrk vpkud c<+ tkrh gSA 2) vpkud djsUV c<+us ls ifjiFk esa ghV iSnk gks tkrh gSA 3) ghV ;k xeZ gksus ij pkydksa ds balqyslu fi?ky tkrs gSA 4) balyq slu [kjkc ;k fi?ky tkus ds dkj.k tusjVs j ;k lfdZV 'kkVZ lfdZV gks tkrs gSA 32

5) vf/kd xehZ ds dkj.k rkjkas esa vkx yx ldrh gSA 6) lfdZV esa yxk ¶;wt esYV gksus yxrk gSA 5.39 Basic Property of Electric Material lpq kyd %& bu inkFkksZ esa oS|qr /kkjk vklkuh ls izokfgr gksrh gS rFkk budk izfrjks/k vR;Ur gh de gksrk gSA tSls pk¡nh]dkij],Y;wehfu;eA budk iz;ksx rkj ]dfs cy] cl ckj] dkUVsDV ok;j vkfn :iksa esa fd;k tkrk gSA dpq kyd %& ,sls inkFkZ ftudk izfrjks/k cgqr vf/kd gksrk gS muesa ls /kkjk yxHkx ugha ds cjkcj izokfgr gksrh gSaA tSls ih0oh0lh0] cSdsykbV] ,LcLs Vl] ekbdk] ikslZysu vkfnA budk iz;ksx euq\"; dks oS|qr midj.k ds /kkjk izokfgr Hkkxksa ls vyx djus ds dke vkrk gSaA v/kZpkyd %& ,sls inkFkZ ftuesa lkekU; v'kfq );kaW feyk nsus ij /kkjk izokfgr gksus yxrh gS mls v)Zpkyd dgrs gSA budk iz;ksx bysDVªkfud midj.kkas esa fd;k tkrk gSA lpq kyd inkFkZ ds izdkj %& lqpkyd inkFkZ nks izdkj ds gksrs gSA 1- de izfrjks/kdrk okys 2- vf/kd izfrjks/kdrk okysA de izfrjks/kdrk okys lpq kyd inkFkZ %&,sls lpq kyd inkFkZ dk izfrjks/k de gksrk gSaAtSls&pkWnh]rkWck],Y;wfefu;e vkfnAbudk iz;ksx rkj]dfs cy] cl ckj]dkUVsDV ok;j vkfn :iksa esa fd;k tkrk gSApkWnh dh dher vf/kd gksus ds dkj.k bldk iz;ksx dos y vfr Accuracy okys midj.kksa esa gh fd;k tkrk gSaAlkekU;r% /kkjk izokfgr pkydks ds :i esa rkWcs dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSaA;|fi fd orZeku esa ,Y;wfefu;e dk iz;ksx cgqrk;r ls fd;k tk jgk gSaA vf/kd izfrjks/kdrk okys lpq kyd inkFkZ%&,sls lpq kyd inkFkZ ftudh izfrjks/kdrk vf/kd gksrh gSAtSls eSxfuu]dULVsUVu]ukbØkse]VaxLVu]dkcZu]IysfVue vkfnAbudk iz;ksx izfrjks/k ds vf/kd eku okys LFkkuksa ij fd;k tkrk gSAtSls&xeZ gksus okys midj.kka¼s izsl ghVj vkfn½ds ,yhesUV ds :i esa]cYc ds fQykesUV ds :Ik esa] ekid mi;U=ksa ds jftLVsUl¼'kUV½ds :i esa]fo|qr eksVjksa ds LVkVZj ds :i esa]fjgksLVsV] yksfMax jftLVsUl vkfn :i esaAbu iz;kstukas esa de izfrjks/kdrk okys lpq kyd inkFkZ iz;ksx djus ij rkj dh yEckbZ cgqr vf/kd c<kuh iMs+xhA USES OF CONDUCTORS AND INSULATORS S.No. Conductor Uses in Electrical Insulator Uses in Electric field field 1. Silver pkanh Special Meters Ekkbdk Contact points joj okbfMax]byhesUV 2. Copper rkWck Mkª bZ dkVu bUlqys'ku 3. ihry Rkkj rFkk ,lsljht okfuZ'k okbfMax 4. ,Y;qehfu;e fLop] VfeZuy ,lcsLVl okbfMax 5. yksgk rkj ikslZyhu balyq sVj 6. dkcZu rkj IykfLVd balyq sVj tusjVs j]eksVj czq'k fLop ckMh] balqys'ku 33

5-40 eSXusV ;k pqEcd%& ;g ,d ,slk inkFkZ gS tks vk;ju rFkk vk;ju ,yk; dks viuh vksj vkdf\"kZr djrk gSA blds xq.k fuEufyf[kr gksrs gSaA ¼1½;g ykSg ,oa muds v;Ldks dks viuh vksj vkdf\"kZr djrk gSA ¼2½eSXusV ds nks /kozq gksrs gSAbls Qzh NksM+us ij ;g mRrj rFkk nf{k.k dh vksj :drk gSA ¼3½ ,d tSls /kozq vkil es ,d nwljs dk fojks/k djrs gS rFkk foijhr /kzqo vkdf\"kZr gksrs gSaA ¼4½ pqEcd dks rksM+us ij mlds ?kzqo vyx ugh gksrs cfYd og nks pqEcd esa foHkkftr gks tkrk gSA ¼5½ xeZ djus ij pqEcdRo lekIr gks tkrk gSA bysDVªks eSXusV %&tc fdlh ykSg dks fdlh Dok;y ds vUnj j[kdj Dok;y esa /kkjk cgk;h tkrh gS tks ykSg /kkrq pqEcd dk :i ys ysrh gS bls bysDVªkseSXusV dgrs gS tSls gh /kkjk cUn dh tkrh gS bldk pqEcdRo lekIr gks tkrk 5-41 bysDVªkfud midj.k (IC)bUVhxzsVsM lfdZV%& ;g ,d izdkj dh lseh dUMDVj fpi gksrh gS ftlds vUnj fo'ks\"k fof/k }kjk izfrjks/k]dUMls j]Mk;ksM VªkaftLVj vkfn cukdj ,d lfdZV rS;kj fd;k tkrk gS tks fd ikjEifjd lfdZV dk izfr:i gksrk gSA Mk;ksM%&,d PN taD'ku izdkj ds les h dUMDVj dks Mk;ksM dgrs gSA;g djsUV dks dos y ,d fn'kk esa gh ¼jsDVhfQsds'ku½ izokfgr gksus nsrkA fuekZ.k& ;g nks izdkj ds les hdMa DVj fpi ls feydj curk gS] igyk ’P’ ¼ikWthfVo½ izdkj dk vkSj nlw jk ‘N’¼fuxsfVo½ izdkj dkA blesa nks VfeZuy ,uksM o dSFkksM gksrs gSaA Ckk;flax%&tc ,uksM dks +ve lIykbZ ls vkjS dSFkksM dks –ve lIykbZ ls tksM+k tkrk gS rks blls lfdVZ esa djsaV dk izokg gksrk gS vFkok lfdVZ ‘ vkWu ‘ fLFkfr esa gksrk gSA bl voLFkk dks QkjoMZ ck;flxa dgk tkrk gSA tc dSFkksM dks +ve lIykbZ ls vkSj ,uksM dks –ve lIykbZ ls tksM+k tkrk gS rks blls lfdZV esa djVsa dk izokg ugh gksrk gS vFkok lfdZV ‘vkWu ‘ fLFkfr esa gksrk gSAbl voLFkk dks fjolZ ck;flxa dgk tkrk gSA bl rjg Mk;ksM ;wfuMk;jsD'kuy ¼dsoy ,d gh fn'kk esa /kkjk izokfgr djus okyk½ gksrk gS A Mk;ksM dks ‘vku’ djus ds fy;s U;wure QkWjoMZ ck;flax oksYVst dksbZ 1 oksYV gSA Mk;ksM ds ykHk % y?kq vkdkj] nh?kZ thoukof/k o de ls de vuqj{k.kA Mk;ksM ds mi;ksx% lkekU; mi;ksx& cSVjh pktZj] ,uhfeusVj] osfYMax IykaV vkfn cukus eaAs yksdkseksfVo esa& WAG-5,WAG-7,WAP-4 vkfn esa ikoj jsDVhQk;j ¼RSI Cykd½ esa rFkk 110 oksYV Mh lh daVªksy lfdzV esa CykWfdax Mk;ksM ds :i esa fo'k\"s k izdkj ds Mk;ksM% 34

thuj Mk;ksM& ;g ,d ,slk flyhdku P – N taDÓu Mk;ksM gS ftldk mi;ksx oksYVst dks fu;fer vFkok fLFkj j[kus ds fy;s fd;k tkrk gS A ;g fjolZ ok;l esa mi;ksx esa vkrk gSA ykbV ,ehfVax Mk;ksM¼LED)& ;g QkjoMZ ck;l esa gksus ij fofHkUu jaxksa ds izdk'k dk mRltZu dj ldrk gSA flyhdku dUVªkys jsfDVQk;j%&;g Hkh ,d izdkj dk lseh dUMDVj Mk;ksM gksrk gS ftlesa ,d xsV Hkh gksrk gSA xsV }kjk vkmViqV lIykbZ dks dUVªkys fd;k tkrk gSA VªkaftLVj%& nks PN taD'ku izdkj ds lsehdUMj dks VªkaftLVj dgrs gSaA ;g ,d lseh dMa DVj Lohfpax midj.k gS tks Hkkjh ek=k esa djVsa dks cgqr de ek=k esa djsaV ds }kjk fu;af=r djus dh {kerk j[krk gSA fuekZ.k %;g 3 lsehdMa DVj fpi ls feydj curk gS ftlesa ls nks ,d izdkj ds gksrs gSa & PNP o NPN blesa rhu VfeZuy gksrs gSa & ,ehVj] csl o dysDVjA ck;flax% ,ehVj ls csl QkjoMZ ck;l esa vkSj csl ls dysDVj fjolZ ck;l esa ,ehVj o dysDVj ds chp /kkjk ds izokg dks lfq uf'pr djusds fy, ‘csl djsaV’ dh vko';drk gksrh gSA mi;ksx% lkekU;& bysDVªkfud f[kykSu]s bysDVªkfud midj.k] bejtsalh ykbV NkVs s buoVZj] ,EiyhQk;j&vkn A yksdkseksfVo esa&dsoy NksVs midj.kksa esa mi;ksx gksrk gS]cM+s lkekuksa esa ughaA fo'k\"s k izdkj ds Vªkfa tLVj % - fQYM bQsDV VªkftLVj (FET) - esVy vkDW lkbM fQYM bQsDV VªkaftLVj (MOSFET) - ;wuhtaD'ku VªkftLVj (UJT) - baL;wysVsM xsV ckbiksyj VªkaftLVj (IGBT) dk mi;ksx LVsfVd duoVZj esa fd;k tk jgk gS rFkk gkbZ fQzDosalh vkWijs'ku esa ljy o y?kq lfdZV dh fo'ks\"krk ds dkj.k 3 Qsl yksdks esa GTO ds cnys bldk mi;ksx VsªD'ku duoVZj dh Hkkafr fd;k tk jgk gSA Fkk;fjLVj& ;g ,d lsehdMa DVj Lohfpxa midj.k gS ftldk mi;ksx ikoj dVa ªksy ,Iyhds'ku esa gksrk gSAbls flfydkWu dVa ªkys jsDVhQk;j vFkok SCR ds uke ls Hkh tkuk tkrk gSA flfydkWu Mk;ksM tgkW osoQkWeZ dks cnys fcuk ,-lh- dks jsDVhQkbZ djrs gS ogha SCR Fkk;fjLVj jsDVhfQds'ku ds lkFk&lkFk osoQkWeZ dks Hkh cny ldrs gS vkjS bl rjg ls oksYVst@djsaV dks Hkh cny ldrs gSaA fuekZ.k & blesa 4 lrg ¼ys;j½ gksrs gSaA & 3 VfeZuy ,uksM] dFS kksM o xsV ds lkFk P-N-P-N ck;flax & ,uksM dFS kksM dh rqyuk esa /kukRed gksrk gS vkjS xsV Hkh dFS kksM dh rqyuk /kukRed gksrk gSA 35

& ,uksM ls dFS kksM esa /kkjk rc izokfgr gksrh gS tc vYi ek=k esa xsV djsaV izokfgr gksrk gS] ftls Fkk;fjLVj dk ‘ VfuxZa vkWu ‘ Qk;fjax vFkok fVªxfjax dgk tkrk gSA ,d ckj tc Fkk;fjLVj xsV djVsa ls vkWu gks tkrk gS rks bls xsV }kjk vkQ ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSAFkk;fjLVj dks ‘vkWQ’ djus ds fy;s vU; O;oLFkk dh vko';drk gksrh gS] ftls dE;wVs'ku dgk tkrk gSA Fkk;fjLVj ds mi;ksx &,-lh- ls Mh-lh- fu;af=r jsDVhfQsds'ku &Mh-lh- ls ,-lh duo'kZu ¼buo'kZu½ &vU; duo'kuZ ;Fkk] Mh-lh- ls Mh-lh-] ,-lh- ls ,-lh- &,-lh-@Mh-lh- eksVj esa xfr fu;a=.k th-Vh-vk-s (GTO) &xsV VuZ vkWQ Fkk;fjLVj ( GTO) ,d fo'k\"s k izdkj dk Fkk;fjLVj gSA;g midj.k dks ‘vkWu’ djus rFkk ‘vkQ’ djus nksuks ds dke vkrk gSAbldk izrhd Hkh FkSfjLVj dh rjg gh gSA &bldk mi;ksx 3 Qsl yksdks (WAG-9,WAG-9H,WAP-5,WAP-7) esa VSD'ku duoVZj dh rjg fd;k tk jgk gSA &th-Vh-vk-s lfdZV tfVy gksrs gSa vr% bUgsa vkbZthchVh ls cnyk tk jgk gS jsDVhQk;j& ;g ,d ,slk midj.k gS ftlds }kjk A.C.fctyh (A.C.Current) dks D.C.fctyh (D.C.Current) esa cnyk tk ldrk gSA;g rhu izdkj ds gksrs gS& gkQ oso jsDVhQk;j--bl izdkj ds jsDVhQk;j esa A.C fctyh ds dos y vk/ks pdz dks D.C. fctyh (D.C. Current) esa cnyk tkrk gSA,sls jsDVhQk;j dks gkQ oso jsDVhQk;j dgrs gS] budh {kerk de gksrh gSA Qqy cso jsDVhQk;j&bl izdkj ds jsDVhQk;j esa A.C fctyh ds nksuks pdkz s dks D.C. fctyh (D.C. Current) esa cnyk tkrk gSA,ls s jsDVhQk;j dks Qqy oso jsDVhQk;j dgrs gS]bldh {kerk vf/kd gksrh gSA lfdZV la- 3 fczt jsDVhQk;j&;g Hkh ,d izdkj dk Qqy oso jsDVhQk;j gSAblds ,d fczt esa pkj Mk;ksM iz;ksx fd;s tkrs gSAizFke vk/ks pdz esa nks Mk;ksM rFkk nwljs vk/ks pdz esa nlw js nks Mk;ksM dk;Z djrs gSA 36

lfdZV la- 4 Lefw Fkax fj,DVj&bldk dk;Z jsDVhQk;j ls fudyus okyh v'kq/n D.C. fctyh dks 'kq/n djuk gksrk gSAjsDVhQk;j D.C. fctyh(D.C. Current) esa dkQh ek=k esa gkjeksfuDl gksrh gS rFkk ;g Lefw Fkax fj,DVj ds gkbZ baihMals }kjk jksd yh tkrh gSAbl izdkj vkmViVq ls 'kq/n D.C. fctyh izkIr gksrh gSA Lefw Fkax fj,DVj dks BaMk djuk & budh dwfyxa fuEu izdkj djrs gS& 1- QkslZ ,;j dwfyxa &tSls fd fo|qr yksdks esa fd;k x;k gSA 2- vk;y dwfyxa &tSls fd fo|qr yksdks ABB esa fd;k x;k gSA 5-42 cSM dkUVsDV& fdlh lfdZV esa yxs gq, fjlhoj dk VfeZuy iwjh rjg dlk jgrk gS rks djsaV vklkuh ls cgrh gS] exj ;fn VfeZuy xUnk ;k <hyk gks tk;s rks ,d jftLVsal iSnk djrk gS ftlls djsaV ds cgus esa :dkoV vkus yxrh gSA;g :dkoV var esa xehZ dk :i ys ysrh gS vkjS VfeZuy ty dj VwV tkrk gSAbl rjg lfdZV dke djuk can dj nsrk gSAblfy;s gj lfdZV esa fjlhoj rFkk tujsVj ds VfeZuy ges'kk lkQ rFkk dls gq, gksus t:jh gSAfdlh VfeZuy ls fpaxkjh Qsaduk cMSs dkUVsDV ds 'kq: gksus dh lwpuk gSA 5-43 'kkVZ lfdZfVax&lhjht tksM+ esa yxs gq, cgqr ls jftLVsalksa esa ;fn dksbZ jftLVsal viuh bPNkuqlkj dke ls vyx dj fn;k tkrk gS rks bls 'kkVZ lfdZfVax dgrs gSaAblls lfdZV dh djsaV c<+ tkrh gS ftlls ckdh yxs gq, fjlhojkas dh ikoj Hkh c<+ tkrh gSA,d lfdZV esa yxs gq, lHkh jftLVsalksa dks dke ls vyx ugha djuk pkfg, vU;Fkk ;g 'kkVZ lfdZV esa cny tk;sxk rFkk lfdZV ds ty tkus dk [krjk iSnk gks tk;sxkA 5-44 'kfVax&tc fdlh fjlhoj ds iSjyy esa nwljk jftLVsal tksM+ fn;k tkrk gS rks lfdZV dk dyq jftLVsal de gks tkrk gSAftlls djsaV c<+ tkrh gS]tks ikoj dks c<+kus esa lgk;rk djrh gSAbl dke dks 'kafVax dgrs gSaAfo|qr yksdks esa blh lfdVZ dks ikoj c<+kus ds fy, dgha&dgha iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA 5-45 xzkmf.Mxa &i`Foh fctyh ds fy, lpq kyd gSAftldk viuk jftLVsal uke ek= dk gksrk gSA;fn ge fdlh tujsVj ds _.k fljs dks fdlh /kkrq dks IysV ls tksM+ dj xgjs tehu esa xkM+ nsa rFkk mlls nwj j[ks gq, fjlhoj ds _.k fljs dks Hkh blh izdkj tehu esa xkM+ ns rks i`Foh fjlhoj ds fy, fjVuZ d.MDVj dk dk;Z djus yxrh gS vkjS fjlhoj dk;Z djus yxrk gSAbl izcU/k ls fctyh ds rkj dh dkQh cpr gksrh gSAfo|qr yksdks eas fctyh ysus ds fy, dos y ,d gh rkj Åij yxk;k x;k gSAokilh rkj dk dke jsy ds ikl yxs fctyh ds [kaHks vkSj i`Foh }kjk fd;k tkrk gSA 37

5-46 Bonding ;k Earth Fault- fo|qr yksdks esa yxs gq, cgqr ls gkbZ oksYVst ls dke djus okys ;a= yksdks dh ckWMh ds jkLrs ifg, vkjS jsy ds ek/;e ls Hkyh&HkkWfr xzkmUM fd;s x;s gSaA;fn buesa ls fdlh dk rkj uaxk gksdj ykdks dh ckWMh dks Nw tkrk gS rks og 'kkVZ lfdZV dk dke djus yxrk gS ftlls lfdZV ds tyus dk [krjk gksrk gSAbl [kjkch dks Bonding ;k vFkZ QkYV dgrs gSaAyksdks esa blds fjys yxkbZ xbZ gS]tks bl [kjkch esa yksdks dh lIykbZ dks gh dkV nsrh gS vkSj ;a= dh lqj{kk dj ysrh gSA 38

v/;k;&6 ckrphr ds lk/ku xkM+h dke djrs le; jkLrs esa yksdks esa gksus okyh lHkh [kjkfc;ksa dk iwjk C;kSjk T.L.C- dks nsuk vfr vko';d gksrk gSA bl fjiksVZ dks vu;qtqvy vkdqjals fjiksVZ (U.O,R.)dgrs gSaA T.L.C Circuit& bl lfdZV ds VsyhQksu cM+s&cM+s LVs'kuksa ij,vkmVfiV ij rFkk yksdks 'ksM bR;kfn ij yxs gksrs gSaAbl VsyhQksu ij lEcaf/kr lDs 'ku T.L.C gj le; miyC/k jgrk gSAbl VsyhQksu ij ckr djrs le; ckr djus okyh txg dk uke iqdkjuk pkfg, vkjS tSls gh T.L.C mRrj nsaAf'k\"Vkpkj ds ukrs ueLdkj djus ds ckn viuk uke yksdks ua- vkSj Vsªu ua- bR;kfn crkuk pkfg, mlds ckn viuh ijs'kkuh j[kuh pkfg,Abykgkckn fMohtu esa eqxyljk; o dkuiqj ds chp bykgkckn ds dUVªksy vkfQl esa vkjS dkuiqj xkft;kckn ds chp Vw.Myk ds dUVªkys vkfQl esa rFkk iudh ls pdjs h ds chp dkuiqj ,fj;k ds chp T.L.C th-,e-lh- ;kMZ ds dUVªksy vkfQl esa cSBrs gSA T.P.C.Circuit- bl lfdVZ ds VsyhQksu Hkh cM+s&cM+s LVs'kuksa] yksdks 'ksM]vks-,p-b-Z ds QksjeSu ds n¶rj esa] ,Q-ih- ,oa ,l-ih- ij yxs gksrs gSaAbl lfdZV ij 24 ?k.Vsa T.P.C mifLFkr jgrk gSAT.L.C. VsyhQksu u jgus ij ;k [kjkc jgus ij bl VsyhQksu dh enn ls T.L.Cls ckr dh tk ldrh gS]ijUrq blds fy, T.P.C ls T.L.C. ls ckr djkus dk vuqjks/k djuk iM+rk gSA bejtsalh T.P.C- lfdVZ & bl lfdZV ds VsyhQksu Vsi xkft;kckn] eqxyljk; ds chp Mkmu ykbu ds fdukjs gj ,d fdeh ds ckn yxk;s x;s gSaA;g yxHkx 5 QqV yacs ,d iksLV ij lQsn vkjS dkys jax dh ifV~V;ksa ls jaxk gSAbl iksLV ij ml VsyhQksu iksLV dk uacj Hkh fy[k fn;k tkrk gSAjkLrs esa dHkh Hkh Cykd lDs 'ku esa T.L.C.ls ckr djuh gks rks yksdks esa j[kk bejtsalh VsyhQksu ds lkdVs dks Vsi esa yxkus ds ckn bejtsalh 'kCn ds lkFk utnhdh LVs'ku dk uke iqdkjuk pkfg,AT.P.C-ds tokc nsus ij mlls T.L.C-egksn; dks cqykus dk vuqjks/k djuk pkfg,AMkª boj dks utnhdh VsyhQksu VSi dh tkudkjh nsus ds fy, ekLV ij ,d rhj dk fu'kku cuk fn;k x;k gS tks utnhd VSi dh vksj b'kkjk djrk gSA lDs 'ku dVa ªksy lfdZV& bl lfdZV ds VsyhQksu gj LVs'ku ij yxs jgrs gSaAvko';drk iM+us ij ge VsyhQksu dh enn ls T.L.C. ls ckr djokus dk vuqjks/k VSªfQd daVªksyj ls fd;k tkrk gSALVs'ku ij T.L.C ;k T.P.C-Qksu gks rks mlh dk iz;ksx djuk pkfg,AVSªfQd dVa ªkys j cgqr O;Lr deZpkjh gksrk gS] ftldks lkekU; gkyr ls ijs'kku ugha djuk pkfg,A Okkdh&Vkdh&xkMZ vkjS ik;yV dks vkil esa ckr djus dh lfq o/kk gsrq izR;sd xkMZ vkSj Mkª boj dks okdh Vkdh fn;k x;k gSAeksVjksyk esM okdh Vkdh dh jsat 4 fdyksehVj gSA okdh Vkdh ls LVs'ku ij yxs VHF lVs ls Hkh ik;yV viuh fdlh Hkh ijs'kkuh dks jfuax iksth'ku esa LVs'ku ekLVj ds ek/;e ls T.L.C.;k lDs 'ku daVªksy dks crk ldrk gSA 39

B.S.N.L.(P&T) Qksu& lHkh LVs'ku esa miyC/k gSAvko';drk iM+us ij ASM ls vuqjks/k dj bl Qksu ls ckr dj ldrs gSAckr djus dk le; o fdrus le; rd ckr fd;k gS]jftLVj esa fy[k nsaA CUG PHONE& eksckby Qksu gSAxkM+h dke djrs le; vuko';d ckrphr bl Qksu ls ugh djuk pkfg;sA 40

v/;k;&7 fo|rq ykds ks dh lkekU; tkudkjh 7.1 Abbreviations Of Locations BA -1, 2,3 & 4 Power Equipment Cubicle CAB-1 Loco Pilot's Cab No.1 CAB-2 Loco Pilot's Cab No.2 PC-1 Loco Pilot's Desk No.1 PC-2 Loco Pilot's Desk No.2 RSI Silicon Rectifier Cubicle TPN PneumaTIC Cubicle TB Programme Switch Board in cab-2 TK-1 Contactor Cubicle in cab-2 TK-2 Resistor Frame on the Rear of cab-2 TR Relay panel in cab-2 M Machine Room T Transformer (HT compartment) 7.2 GENERAL LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS FOR LOCOMOTIVE Abbreviation Description Location M ARNO ARNO converter T ht1 ASMGR Auxiliary interlocks of Tap Changer Both sides U/F ATFEX Transformer for braking excitation BA Battery BP1DJ Push button for testing DJ opening TR BP2DJ Push button for testing DJ closing TR BPP1 & 2 Push button for GR progression PC1 & 2 BPR1 & 2 Push button for GR regression PC1 & 2 BV Auxiliary contacts of HOM switch M BPT Push button for testing signal lamps PC1 & 2 C145 Breaking excitation contactor BA-3 CAPTFWA T Condenser for TFWA terminals CAPTFP a0-a1 (Aux. winding) T CCA Condenser for TFP terminals a3-a4 & a5-a6 TB Fuse for Aux. control circuit CCBA Fuse for batteries TB ADDL. CCBA Fuse for battery +ve cable protection ba-1 BOX CCDJ Fuse for Q45, C118, EFDJ & MTDJ TB CCPT Fuse for PANTO CKT CCLF 1-2 Fuse for marker & PC Lamps TB CCLS Fuse for signalling circuit TB CCLC FUSE cab, corridor, HT compartment Lighting & TB wall sockets TB CCRA 1-2 Fuse for cab heaters CCVT Fuse for cab fan motors TB CGR 1, 2, 3 Tap changer contactors TB CHBA StaTIC Battery Charger T M 41

CP 1, 2, 3 Main compressor M in CPA Cab-1 Auxiliary compressor CTF 1, 2, 3 Ba1, 2, 3 DJ Traction/braking change over contactors Roof ECC High voltage circuit breaker TB EFDJ Fuse tester DJ assembly Electro valve for closing of the high voltage circuit HT2 ELM breaker Ba2 ET-1 Current transformer for breaking excitation TF Roof ET-2 Roof surge arrester Roof ETTFP1-2 Roof bushings surge arrester T (HT-2) ETTFWA surge arresterS FOR TFP T (HT-2) EVPHGR surge arresterS FOR TFA T FL Electro valve For GR oil pump Roof FLCU Flasher light unit In both Cabs GR Flasher light control unit T (HT-2) HBA Tap changer TB HCP Battery isolating switch TB HOBA Selector switch for compressor TB HOM Change over switch for battery negative earthing Roof HPH Loco earthing switch TB HPT-1 isolating switch for oil pump Roof Isolating & earthing roof bar for pantograph1 HPT-2 Roof Isolating & earthing roof bar for pantograph2 J1 BA-1 Reverser for traction motors 1, 2 & 3 J2 BA-2 Reverser for traction motors 4, 5 & 6 L1 to 6 BA3 Line contactor for traction motors1- 6 LC1-1/1-2 Cab1 Ceiling lamp for cab-1 LC2-1/2-2 Cab-2 LECC Ceiling Lamp For cab-2 TB LF1/D-1/G Fuse tester lamp Cab-1 LF2/D-2/G Marker lights cab-1 (right & left) Cab-2 LM1-6 & 8 Marker lights cab-2 (right & left) Side Walls LS Group1&2 Corridor lights Cab1&2 LSOL1-2 Defective loco indication lamp in MU (Red) PC1 & 2 LSB1-2 Healthy loco indication lamp in MU (Yellow) PC1 & 2 Traction Braking control circuit readiness LTBA signalling lamp (yellow) TK2 M1-6 Battery surge Arrester BOGIE MCP1, 2, 3 Traction motor 1-6 M MCPA Main compressor motor PC1 MF1-6 Auxiliary compressor motor Under truck MP1-2 Main field for traction motor PC1, 2 MPH Master controller cab1-2 T MPJ1-2 Oil pump motor PC1 & 2 MPS1-2 Reverser handle PC1 & 2 MPV1-2 Field weakening controller M MTDJ Exhausters 1 & 2 Roof MVMT1-2 DJ holding electro Valve M MVRF1-2 Motor For Traction motor Blower M Motor for braking resister blower 42

MVRH Blower motor for oil cooler blower T MVSI1-2 Silicon rectifier blower motor RSI MVSL1-2 Blower motor for Smoothening Reactor M MVT1-1/1-2 Cab fan motor cab-1 Cab-1 MVT2-1/2-2 Cab fan motor cab-2 Cab-2 PCLX1-3 Wall socket TB, Ba1&Ba2 PR1-2 Head light cab-1, cab-2 Roof PSA1, 2 Sanding electro valve pedal switch PC1, 2 PT1, 2 Pantograph 1&2 Roof PVEF1, 2 Pedal Switch for loco brake elimination PC1, 2 QVLSOL Relay for defective loco fault indication lamp TR QWC Weight compensation relay TR R118 Starting resistance for ARNO M RA1/1-1/2 Cab heater for cab1 CAB-1 RA2/1-2/2 Cab Heater for cab2 CAB-2 RCAPTFP1-2 Resistance for CAPTFP T RF Braking resistance M RGR tap changer transition resistance T RPGR Tap changer permanent resistance T RGCP Compressor regulator governor AC-1 RHOBA Battery earthing device resistance TK2 RPQOA Permanent resistance for QOA TK2 RPQOP Permanent resistance for QOP TK2 RPS1-6 Permanent field weakening resistance for traction T motors 1-6 RQ20 Limiting resistance for Q20 Ba2 RQ30 Limiting resistance for Q30 TK2 RQOA Earthing resistance for Aux. power circuit TK2 RQOP1-2 Permanent earthing resistance for Aux. power Ba2 circuit RS Field weakening resistance Ba 3&4 RSI 1-2 Silicon rectifier cubicle1-2 M RSILM Rectifier current transformer RSI1, 2 SL 1 & 2 Smoothening reactor Frame SMGR Tap changer air motor T SMGR VE1 Electro valve for progression of GR T SMGR VE2 Electro valve for regression of GR T 7-3 dkWUVSDVj vkDtyjh yksdsÓu dkWUVSDVj MCP-1 dkWUVSDVj iSuy C-101 MCP-2 dkWUVSDVj iSuy C-102 MCP-3 dkWUVSDVj iSuy C-103 MVMT-1 dkWUVSDVj iSuy C-105 MVMT-2 dkWUVSDVj iSuy C-106 MVRH dkWUVSDVj iSuy C-107 MVRF dkWUVSDVj iSuy C-108 MPV-2 dkWUVSDVj iSuy C-111 MPV-1 dkWUVSDVj iSuy C-121 Arno starting phase dkWjhMksj ;k gkbZVsa’ku C-118 43

7-4 jksVsfVax fLop p fooj.k yksds’ku HVSI-1 jsfDVQk;j Cyksoj ua- 1 ds fy;s RSI- Cykd ua- 1 ij HVSI-2 jsfDVQk;j Cyksoj ua- 2 ds fy;s RSI- Cykd ua- 2 ij HVSL-1 LeFw kfuax fj,sDVj Cyksvj ua- 1 ds fy;s fLop cksMZ ij HVSL-2 LeFw kfuax fj,sDVj Cyksvj ua- 2 ds fy;s fLop cksMZ ij HPH Vªkla QkeZj vkW;y iEi ds fy;s fLop cksMZ ij HCP esu dEizs’kj ds fy;s fLop cksMZ ij ZPV ,DtkLVj ds fy;s fLop cksMZ ij HVRH TF vkW;y dwfyxa Cyksoj ds fy;s fLop cksMZ ij HVMT-1 TM Cyksoj ua- 1 ds fy;s fLop cksMZ ij HVMT-2 TM Cyksoj ua- 2 ds fy;s fLop cksMZ ij HQCVAR QCVAR vkblksfyfVax fLop fLop cksMZ ij HCHBA cSVjh pktZj vkblksysfVax fLop fLop cksMZ ij HQOA QOA vkblksysfVax fLop fLop cksMZ ij HSIV vFkZQkYV ckbZ ikl fLop fLop cksMZ ij HRAVT ghVj ,oa QSu vkblksysfVax fLop fLop cksMZ ij HRTPR RTPR/DC-DCduoVZjvkblksysfVax fLop RTPR ds ikl HQOP-1 QOP-1 ckbZ ikl fLop gkbZVsa’ku HQOP-2 QOP-2 ckbZ ikl fLop gkbZVsa’ku HOBA cSVjh vfFkZax fLop fLop cksMZ ij HBA cSVjh vkblksysfVax fLop fLop cksMZ ij HMCS- cSVjh vkblksysfVax fLop fLop cksMZ ij 1/2 7-5 fjys fjys fooj.k yksds’ku DDDDQVD-D60.,k, DJ flaXufyxa fjys (LSDJ ySEi) fjys iSuy QV-61 cSVjh pktZj flXufyax fjys (LSCHBA ySEi) fjys iSuy QV-62 GR flXufyax fjys (LSGR ySEi) fjys iSuy QV-63 jsfDVQk;j xzqi flXufyax fjys (LSRSI ySEi) fjys iSuy QV-64 fjolZj ,oa lh-Vh-,Q- flXufyxa fjys(LSB ySEi) fjys iSuy Q-48 Oghy fLyfiax fjys(LSP ySEi) fjys iSuy Q-20 VSªD’ku eksVj vksoj oksYVst fjys fjys iSuy Q-30 uks oksYVst@yks oksYVst fjys fjys iSuy Q-44 RGR ljq {kk fjys fjys iSuy Q-45 DJ Dyksftxa fjys fjys iSuy Q-46 GR izkVs sD'ku fjys fjys iSuy Q-48 Oghy fLyfiax fjys fjys iSuy Q-49 M/U flUdkz sukbftax fjys fjys iSuy 44

Q-50 fjolZj ,oa lh-Vh-,Q- lsfVax fjys fjys iSuy Q-51 vkVks fjxzs'ku fjys fjys iSuy Q-52 ukWp ckbZ ukWp izkxs zs'ku ,oa fjxsz'ku fjys fjys iSuy Q-100 vkDtyjh dUVªkfs yax fjys fjys iSuy Q-118 vkDtyjh izkVs sD'ku Vkbe ySx fjys fjys iSuy QRS izs'kj dUVªkfs yax bysDVªhdy fjys fjys iSuy QCVAR vkjuks izkVs sD'ku fjys fjys iSuy QLM QhfMax ikoj lfdZV dh vkos j djsaV fjys fjys iSuy QRSI-1 VSªD'ku ikoj lfdZV ua-1dh vksoj djsaV fjys fjys iSuy QRSI-2 VSªD'ku ikoj lfdZV u-a 2 dh vksoj djsaV fjys fjys iSuy QOP-1 VSªD'ku ikoj lfdZV ua-1 dh vFkZQkYV fjys fjys iSuy QOP-2 VSªD'ku ikoj lfdZV ua-2 dh vFkZQkYV fjys fjys iSuy QOA vkDtyjh ikoj lfdVZ dh vFkZQkYV fjys fjys iSuy QLA vkDtyjh ikoj lfdVZ dh vkos j djsaV fjys fjys iSuy QE czsfdax ,DlkbVs'ku dh vksoj djsUV fjys fjys iSuy Q-30 uks oksYVst ;k yks oksYVst fjys fjys iSuy QF-1 TM-1,2,3 ds tujsfVax lfdZV dh vksoj djsaV fjys gkbZ Vsa’ku QF-2 TM-4,5,6 ds tujsfVax lfdZV dh vksoj djsaV fjys gkbZ Vsa’ku Q-118 vkDtyjh izksVsD'ku Vkbe ySx fjys 5 lsdsaM Q-44 GR izkVs sD'ku Vkbe ySx fjys 0-6 lds aMs QTD-101 dEizs'kj dUVªkys Vkbe fMys fjys 5 lsdasM QTD-105 MVMT-1 Vkbe fMys fjys 5 lsdasM QTD-106 MVMT-2 Vkbe fMys fjys 5 lsdasM Q-119 dEizs'kj vkQ yksM LVkfVZx Vkbe fMys fjys 5 lsdasM QSVM Cyksoj ds dkUVsDVj vkQ yksM cUn djus dh 2 lsdsaM Vkbe fMys fjys PR-1 60 lsdsaM AFL lfdZV dh Vkbe ySx fjys 7-6 ¶;wt cSVªh dk Main Fuse ghVj dk ¶;wt & Cab-1 CCBA- 35 A ghVj dk ¶;wt & Cab-2 CCRA/1- 16 Amp iSaVks rFkk lfdZV dk ¶;wt CCRA/2- 16 Amp vkDtyjh daVªksy lfdVZ CCPT- 10 Amp flXufyxa daVªksy lfdZV ¶;wt CCA- 6 A vkWVks ¶ys'kj lfdVZ CCLS- 6 A Cab rFkk dksjhMksj ykbZV CCLSA- 6 A Cab Fan lfdZV CCLC- 6 A ekjdj ykbV dk ¶;wt Cab1 CCVT- 6 A ekjdj ykbV dk ¶;wt Cab2 CCLF/1- 6 A CCLF/2- 6 A 45

CCDJ- 6 A DJ dVa ªkys lfdVZ dk ¶;wt CCINV- 6 A LVsfVd duoVZj ;wfuV dk ¶;wt CCCPU- 6 A ekbdkz s yksdks dk ¶;wt BHEL fufeZr yksdks eas yxs ¶;wt& WAG-7 CCBA, CCPT, CCLC, CCLF/1, CCLF/2, CCSPM, CCINV, CCVTINV fp= l-a 3 7.7 BL Box ds fLop Åij dh ykbu 1) BLDJ- DJ dks on-off djus dk fLop 2) BLRDJ- DJ fjlsV fLop 3) BLSN M/Uvkijs'ku ds le; fiNys batuks dh DJ rFkk isUVks yksvj 4½ BLSN djus dk fLop 5½ BLPV oSD;we iEi dh vkijsV djus dk fLop 6½ BLCP CP dks vkWVkseSfVd pykus dk fLop 7½ BLCPD CP dks Mk;jsDV pykus dk fLop 8½ BLVMT Cyksoj pykus dk fLop MVRH MVMT-1 - 5 sec MVMT -2 - 5Sec uhps dh ykbu dcS ghVj pykus dk fLop MV4 ckYo vkijsV djus dk fLop 1. BLRA ekdZj ykbV yky@lQsn tykus dk yksdks vkxs pyus ij lQsn rFkk yky ihNs gksrh gS A 2- BPSW dksjhMksj ykbV tykus dk fLop 3- BLZLF fiNys dcS dh gsM ykbV tykus dk fLop vkxs dSc dh gsM ykbV tykus dk fLop 4- BLLM fMej ij gsM ykbV tykus dk fLop 5- BLPRR ekdZj ykbV tykus dk fLop 6- BLPRF 7- BLPRD 8- BLLF 46

7.8 TECHNICAL DATA OF CONVENTIONAL LOCO S. Description WAG-7 WAP-4 No. 1994 2000 1 Yr. of manufacturing Freight Passenger CLW 2 Type of Service 20.394 Meter CLW 3.055 Meter 18.794 Meter 3 Make 4.162 Meter 3.200 Meter 123 T 4.2325 Meter 4 Length 20.5 T Co-Co 112.8 T 5 Width 5060 18.8 T Co-Co 6 Height 25 KV 5060 17.5 KV 7 Weight 30 KV 25 KV 17.5 KV 8 Axle load 50 Hz 30 KV 45 Hz 9 Axle arrangement 55 Hz 50 Hz 45 Hz 10 Horse Power 750 V 55 Hz 11 OHE Voltage 100 KMPH 750 V 6 Nominal 140 KMPH DC series motor 6 Mininum HS-15250 630 KW DC series motor Maximum 42.0 T HS15250 15:62 630 KW 12 OHE Frequency 30.08 T Fabricated trimount high 23:58 Nominal adhesion medium speed Costed high speed Mininum co-co trimount flexible co-co Maximum Pneumatic & dynamic Pneumatic & dynamic 13 Power supply of traction On Wheel 3.0 kg/cm2 On Wheel 3.0 kg/cm2 motor 45 72 6 6 14 Maximum Speed 15 No. of TM per loco 16 Type of TM 17 Power of TM 18 Tractive effort 19 Gear Ratio 20 Type of Bogie 21 Braking 22 Loco brake pressure 23 Balancing speed 24 No. of axles 47

7.9 TECHNICAL DATA OF 3 PHASE LOCO S. Description WAP-5 WAP-7 WAG-9 No. Passenger Passenger Freight 1 Type of Service ABB CLW CLW 20562 mm 2 Make 18162 mm 20562 mm 3152 mm 3142 mm 3100 mm 4255 mm 3 Length 4255 mm 4255 mm 123 T 20.5 T 4 Width 78 T 123 T Co-Co 17 T 20.5 T 6120 HP 5 Height Bo-Bo Co-Co 5440 HP 6120 HP 6 Weight 7 Axle load 8 Axle arrangement 9 Horse Power 10 OHE Voltage Nominal 25 KV 25 KV 25 KV 17.5 KV 17.5 KV 17.5 KV Mininum 30 KV 30 KV 30 KV Maximum 11 OHE Frequency Nominal 50 Hz 50 Hz 50 Hz 45 Hz 45 Hz 45 Hz Mininum 55 Hz 55 Hz 55 Hz Maximum 12 Power supply of 2180 V 2180 V 2180 V traction motor 13 Maximum Speed 160 Kmph 130 Kmph 100 Kmph 4 6 6 14 No. of TM per loco 3phase Induction 3phase Induction 3phase Induction 15 Type of TM Motors 6FXA7059 Motors 6FRA6068 Motor 6FRA6068 16 Power of TM 1166KW 862 KW 862 KW 17 Tractive effort 18 Gear Ratio 258 KN 322.6 KN 458 KN 19 Type of Bogie 01:03.6 01:03.6 01:05.1 Bo-Bo Co-Co Co-Co Regenerative, Regenerative, Regenerative, Pneumatic,Parking 20 Braking (W.No.1, 4, 5, 8), Pneumatic,Parking Pneumatic,Parking, 21 Loco brake Anti Spin (W.No. 2, 6, 7, 11), (W.No. 2, 6, 7, 11) , pressure On Disc 5 kg/cm2 Anti Spin Anti Spin 22 Balancing speed 23 No. of axles On Wheel 3.5 kg/cm2 On Wheel 3.5 kg/cm2 50 - 50 4 66 48

fp= la- 4 49

fp= la- 5 50