ASEAN Horizon: ''Colours of ASEAN''

2023 ASEAN HORIZON ''Colours of ASEAN'' BRAWIJAYA ASEAN SOCIETY

01 WELCOME SPEECH BRAWIJAYA ASEAN SOCIETY ELSA AMIRAH “It wasn’t a waste of time if your learned something” Previously I would like to thank you very much to all mem- bers of the Brawijaya ASEAN Society who have worked hard and contributed both materially and mentally for successfully producing ASEAN Horizon magazine and also thank you for the support from all ASEAN Horizon readers. This magazine will present unique facts related to ASEAN or Southeast Asia from all ASEAN member countries with an attractive appearance and easy-to-understand language. They are a result of research conducted by the Brawijaya ASEAN Society team to provide accurate and valid information. With the ASEAN Horizon, the various society from different backgrounds can understand what ASEAN is, how ASE- ANis, and why ASEAN is to be some- thing important for the indonesian people. Finally, happy reading all my friends, hopefully, brings many useful!

02 WELCOME SPEECH COLOURS OF ASEAN DANISWARA RAJENDRA Hello ASEAN Enthusiast! I am pleased to present our latest work program which is full of interesting content about the latest developments in ASEAN which we present in the form of a magazine called ASEAN Horizon. We hope that the articles presented can add to your cultural knowledge about ASEAN. Thank you very much to the research analysis and creative design staff who have made this work propgram happen. Happy reading ASEAN Enthusiast!

ASEAN HorizonisoneoftheworkprogramsintheResearch & AnalysisandCreativeDesigndivisionofBrawijayaASEAN Society.ASEAN Horizonisamagazinethatpresentsarticles andanalysesonpolitical,economic,social,andculturalissues relevanttoASEAN.Aswellasaform ofintroductiontothe publictopromotevariousthingsand betterunderstanding betweenASEANcountries.



05 Creative Design TYA SHANTI FINA DESTYA as Steering as Steering Committee Committee ADINDA T.S FAJRUL FALAH as Editor as Editor

06 CONTENTS INDONESIA Republic of Indonesia Population: 273.8 million (2021) GDP: 1.186 trillion USD (2021) Capital city: Jakarta National Language: Indonesian (Bahasa Indonesia) Current National Leader: President Jokowi Governmental System: Presidential Representative Democratic Republic Other facts: It is the world's fourth most populous country and the only Southeast Asian country in the Group of 20 (G20)

07 Indonesia’s Active Role In ASEAN as 2023’s Chair As one of the five founding countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) in 1967, Indonesia has successfully contributed a great deal in shaping the vision, direction and goals of the political and economic union. Indonesia has led a significant amount of policy-making processes as well as strategies in order to achieve the organization’s goals. Earlier this year, under the Chairmanship of the Republic of Indonesia, the 42nd ASEAN Summit was held in Labuan Bajo, Indonesia, with the theme ‘’ASEAN Matters: Epicentrum of Growth’’. Indonesia's leadership in ASEAN has had a significant impact on the region's foreign policy, trade and investment, as well as defense.

08 Indonesia’s contribution and role to ASEAN Foreign Policy a) Strengthening coordination and consolidation regarding foreign policies among ASEAN countries. b) Shaping policies that support free trade and investment in the region. Trade and Instrumentalizing Free Trade Agreements(FTAs) Invesment to mantain the geopolitical and geoeconomic relevance of ASEAN, asshownthrough: 1. The ASEAN Economic Community 2. The ASEAN–China FTA 3. The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Defense a) Promoting regional integration and security in the Southeast Asian region. -Appointing special envoys to help Myanmar end political crisis b) Playing an important role in maintaining the stability of the international order as 2023’s chair, with the region located at the front line of the U.S.-China confrontation. Written by: Laura Ayako Suryawarman

MALAYSIA 09 DELICIOUS Nasi Lemak has become one of the MALAY distinctive and well-known dishes DELIGHT: among the people of Malaysia, Singapore, and Indonesia. However, Nasi Lemak, Not many still mistakenly assume that this Nasi Uduk dish is the same as Nasi Uduk, when in fact Nasi Lemak has its own uniqueness and is different from nasi uduk. Nasi Lemak originated from the Malay community and is believed to have existed for along time, even during the era of kingdoms in Southeast Asia. Initially, this dish was consumed as breakfast by fishermen, as they needed a high-energy meal to start their day well. Overtime, it spread widely among the community and became a popular dish for various occasions.

10 Aromatic Rice The use of coconut milk, lemongrass, and pandan leaves when cooking the rice gives a distinctive and delicious aroma to this dish. Spicy Sambal Nasi Lemak is incomplete without spicy sambal. The sambal is made from chili, shallots, garlic, shrimppaste, and other spices. Its spicy and slightly sweet taste adds a strong touch to the dish. Egg Most Nasi Lemak is served with boiled or fried eggs. The eggs provide additional texture and protein that complements the flavors of the dish. Anchovies Some variations of Nasi Lemak are also served with fried anchovies, giving a delicious and crunchy taste.

11 Differences between Nasi Lemak and Nasi Uduk: Nasi Lemak Nasi Uduk Raw Ingredients: Raw Ingredients: Rice mixed with coconut White rice mixed with milk, lemongrass, and pandan coconut milk. leaves. Aroma and Taste: Aroma and Taste: Rich aroma due to the Dominant aroma of addition of lemongrass coconut milk and pandan leaves. Accompaniments: Accompaniments: Anchovies, eggs, Fried chicken, noodles, peanuts, and sliced or fried tempeh. cucumbers. Written by: Sopyan

12 REVEALING THE ENCHANTING CHARMS OF UNIQUES TRADITIONS IN BRUNEI DARUSSALAM Brunei Darussalam, a small country on the northern coast of the island of Borneo, holds countless uniqueness within each of its traditions. Behind the glimmer of the modern world and technological advancements, Brunei continues to preserve and uphold its rich and highly valued cultural heritage. Let's delve deeper into unraveling the captivating and distinctive traditions that make Brunei extraordinary in the eyes of the world.

13 Adat Istiadat Kesultanan Serving as the heart of Brunei's Seni Tari Zapin traditions, the Sultanate, which has stood for centuries, remains a major attraction for visiting tourists. Official celebrations such as royal weddings or the coronation of the Sultan, with their grand and dignified rituals performed with utmost honor, showcase the role of the community in preserving and upholding the values, serving as a guide to maintaining the Sultanate's dignity. Seni Tari Zapin art form that combines graceful movements with traditional music. Its deep religious meanings conveyed through each movement make it frequently performed during traditional ceremonies, weddings, and religious celebrations. The movements and rhythms bring about a sense of tranquility, fostering a spirit of togetherness within the Bruneian society. Pantun Melayu Pantun Melayu, characterized by its Hukum Adat Perpatih rhythmic and harmonious rhyme, serves as an expression of love, hope, or advice Brunei maintains a customary law system within Brunei an society. Weddings, called Adat Perpatih, which positions festivals, and customary gatherings are women in strong roles within Brunei an where pantun is typically recited, as it society. In the structure of Adat Perpatih, reflects the beauty of the language and in heritance andhereditary leadership cultural wisdom of Brunei. are passed down through the female line. This tradition of equality and gender justice sets Brunei apart from other Southeast Asian countaries.

Traditional Foods 14 Traditional foods are always an intriguing aspect enjoyed in countries around the world, including Brunei Darussalam. Ambuyat, nasi katok, and traditional kuih-muih are captivating treats that satisfy the palate when visiting this country. The deliciousness and unique flavors of these foods reflect the cultural assimilation of the Malay, Chinese, and Indian influences in Brunei. Brunei stands as a hidden gem in Southeast Asia, offering unique traditions that reflect the cultural and spiritual richness of its people. By preserving its traditions, Brunei harmoniously blends the past and present. Together, these traditions create a unique identity that makes Brunei truly unforgettable. So, if you're seeking a captivating cultural adventure, don't miss the opportunity to explore the unique traditions found in Brunei. Written by: Sopyan

15 SINGAPORE Singapore, also known as Lion City, is a small but highly modernized country. Located in Southeast Asia and bordered by Indonesia and Malaysia, Singapore offers a wealth of interesting aspects, including its culture, geographical location, and strong economy.

16 Geography Singapore consists of one 30-mile-long island called Pulau Ujong, or mainland Singapore, surrounded by 62 smaller islands. Most of Singapore is flat, with more than half of Pulau Ujong only 50 feet (15 meters) above sea level. However, the middle of the island includes Bukit Timah Hill, the highest natural point in Singapore. Economy Singapore has one of the strongest economies in Southeast Asia, with a GDP of over $360 billion. The country's top businesses include banking and the manufacturing of cars and computers. Singapore is also a major hub for international trade, with one of the busiest ports in the world. The government of Singapore has played a significant role in the country's economic success, with policies that promote entrepreneurship and innovation. The country has also invested heavily in education and technology, with a focus on developing a skilled workforce that can compete in the global economy.

17 Image Source: National Geographic Culture Conclusion Singapore is a melting pot of Singapore may be small, but it is a cultures, with a diverse population that powerhouse in Southeast Asia with a includes Chinese, Malay, Indian, and Eurasian strong economy and a vibrant culture. communities. This diversity is reflected in the The country's strict laws and country's food, language, and customs. regulations have helped create a safe Singapore is known for its hawker centers, and clean environment, while its focus where locals and tourists alike can enjoy a wide on education and innovation has driven variety of affordable and delicious food. economic growth. It is fitting for Singapore is also known for its strict laws and Singapore to be called the Lion City, regulations. Chewing gum is banned in the considering its significant influence country, and littering and jaywalking can result despite its limited physical size. in hefty fines. Despite these strict laws, Singapore is a safe and clean city, with low crime rates and a high standard of living. Written by: Iqbal Nurrizqi

E-Sports Culture that 18 Continues to Grow in the Philippines Wi t h m i l l i o n s o f p e o p l e w a t c h i n g professional players compete in various games. The Philippines is no exception to this trend, as the country has experienced a significant increase in the popularity of esports in recent years. The development of esports has had a direct impact on the Philippines, both in the economic and non-economic sectors. The Riseof Esports in the Philippines Esports has been gaining popularity in the Philippines since the early 2000s, with the rise of online gaming and the availability of high-speed internet. The country has a large population of young people who are tech-savvy and passionate about gaming, making it an ideal market for esports One of the most popular esports games in the sc : https://wp.revivaltv.id Philippines is Dota 2, a multiplayer online battle arena game that has a massive following in the country. The The Cultural Significance of Esports in the game has spawned numerous tournaments and Philippines competitions, with players competing for cash prizes Esports has become an integral part of Filipino and the chance to represent the Philippines in culture, with many young people identifying as international competitions. gamers and esports enthusiasts. The rise of esports has also led to the creation of a vibrant community of The Impact of Esportson the Philippine Economy gamers and fans, who come together to watch Esports has become a significant contributor to the tournaments and support their favorite players. Philippine economy, with the industry estimated to be worth over $1 billion by 2025. The growth of esports Esports has also provided a platform for Filipino has created numerous job opportunities, from gamers to showcase their skills and represent their professional gamers to event organizers and game country on the international stage. The success of developers Filipino esports athletes has inspired a new generation of gamers and has helped put the The Philippine government has recognized the Philippines on the map as a major player in the potential of esports and has taken steps to support esports industry. the industry's growth. In 2019, the government established the Philippine Esports Organization Conclusion (PESO) to oversee and regulate esports in the country. Esports has become a significant part of the The organization aims to promote esports as a Philippine economy and culture, with the industry's legitimate sport and provide support to Filipino growth showing no signs of slowing down. The rise of esports athletes. esports has created numerous job opportunities and has provided a platform for Filipino gamers to sc : https://wp.revivaltv.id showcase their skills and represent their country on the international stage. As the industry continues to grow, it is clear that esports will play an increasingly important role in the Philippines' future. Written by: Iqbal Nurrizqi



20 KiNGDOM OF THAiLAND Population: 71.6 million (2021) GDP: 505.9 billion USD (2021) Capital city: Bangkok National Language: Thai Current National Leader: Prime Minister Prayut Chan-ocha and King Maha Vajiralongkorn Governmental System: Constitutional Monarchy Other facts: Thailand is the World’s Largest Exporter of Rice and is home to the World’s Largest Solid Gold Buddha







24 THE INDiSPENSABLE CONTRiBUTiON OF THE MEKONG RiVER iN NURTURiNG LAOS Bordered by five neighboring countries ‘Irrawaddy Dolphins’. The Mekong River presents a including Vietnam, Cambodia, Thailand, unique chance for river cruises, allowing visitors to Myanmar, and China, Laos (Lao PDR) stands as explore the beauty of Laos' mighty rivers, take in the sole landlocked nation within the ASEAN region. pristine views of tropical jungles and mountain peaks, Being landlocked has traditionally presented see spectacular rock formations, and encounter rural challenges to a country's progress, as it restricts villages that welcome visitors with open arms. access to valuable marine resources like fishing and hinders or entirely blocks direct participation in 3. Irrigation and Agriculture maritime trade, which is vital for economic and social The major goals of agriculture in Laos continue to be development. Laos' difficulties as a landlocked food security and subsistence. Farmers country are, however, considerably lessened by the are able to grow crops that considerably increase existence of the Mekong River. The Mekong River food production and the nation's overall seems to be a marvelous gift from God given to the food security by using Mekong’s waters for irrigation. land of a thousand elephants. Certainly! The Mekong To guarantee the sustained prosperity River's advantages and interesting details are as of rural people and the sustainable growth of the follows: agricultural sector in Laos, it is imperative to address the issues and encourage sustainable 1. Hydroelectric Potential agricultural methods. The welfare and flow of the Mekong River are fundamentally linked to Laos. The Mekong River Written by: Roy Erza Faraby provides hydropower to the nation, and as a result, the ‘ entire country's economic development trajectory is connected to it. A large portion of the nation's recent GDP development has been attributed to the rise of mining and hydropower. 2. River Cruisesand Tourism The Mekong is the longest river in Southeast Asia. Before joining the sea, the river travels 4,900 km from its source on the Tibetan Plateau in China via 5 nations. The Si Phan Don area is a group of over 4,000 islands and cascades that span a breadth of 14 kilometers in southern Laos along the Mekong River. This region is a crucial source of biodiversity and a thriving freshwater fishery, and it also provides a habitat for the critically endangered

25 THE ANCiENT TRADiTiON OF TiMOR LESTE'S “TARA BANDU” AGAiNST THE CLiMATE CRiSiS What is Tara Bandu? Tara Bandu is a What is the relationship between Tara Bandu and customary law system that originates from tackling the Climate Crisis? the ancient culture of East Timor. Tara Tara Bandu, as a customary law system in Timor Bandu is used to prohibit the exploitation of certain Leste, has the potential to contribute to fighting the resources. Literally, Tara Bandu means \"Hanging climate crisis. Although not directly related to climate Law\". To indicate that Tara Bandu is taking place change, Tara Bandu reflects the values of local somewhere, a ceremonial symbol is hung on a wisdom and sustainable management of natural wooden pole which represents a prohibition. This resources, which can become a basis for facing system has existed for centuries and is still practiced current environmental challenges. Sustainable by the indigenous people of East Timor. Tara Bandu is Natural Resource Management in the context of Tara an agreement between the community, ancestors, Bandu includes established rules and principles to and the environment that manages natural resources, maintain the balance of ecosystems and protect social conflicts, and spiritual relationships. The natural resources. government of Timor Leste has also recognized the importance of Tara Bandu and efforts are underway to integrate this system with national law to preserve cultural heritage and local wisdom.

Forest Protection 26 Tara Bandu often enforces regulations against excessive or illegal logging. Forests are considered as Fishery sacred and important places for the continuity of Tara Bandu also provides guidelines for managing ecosystems and people's lives. sustainable policies. These regulations include limitations on fishing time and methods that do not harm fish populations or marineecosystems. Sustainable Agriculture Water Source Maintenance sustainable agricultural practices that pay attention Tara Bandu regulates the rules regarding the to environmental aspects, including the use of crop maintenance of water sources, including rivers, rotation methods, organic fertilization, and reducing springs, and wells. The ban was made to prevent water the use of harmful poisons. pollution and maintain a clean and sufficient flow of water. Written by: Daniswara Rajendra

Brawijaya Asean Society Brawijaya ASEAN Society is an independent and non-partisan organization based in Universitas Brawijaya centered around ASEAN established to promote and spread ASEAN and South East Asia awareness through releasing research product, conducting workshop and research based organization. [email protected] brawijaya.asean.society ubaseansoc

2023 ASEAN HORiZON ASEAN Horizon is one of the work programs in the Research & Analysis and Creative Design division of Brawijaya ASEAN Society. ASEAN Horizon is a magazine that presents articles and analyses on political, economic, social, and cultural issues relevant to ASEAN. As well as a form of introduction to the public to promote various things and better understanding between ASEAN countries. In this edition, ASEAN Horizon with the theme \"Colors of ASEAN\" presents an exciting journey through the richness and diversity of cultures in the Southeast Asian region. In this magazine, readers will be invited to explore the priceless cultural heritage of eleven ASEAN member countries through stunning articles and photos. Each page takes us to the dazzling beauty of tradition, distinctive food and unique traditions that reflect the rich culture of ASEAN. Carrying the theme Colors of ASEAN, this magazine inspires us to appreciate and celebrate the diversity of cultures that enrich our identities and lives as ASEAN citizens. BRAWiJAYA ASEAN SOCiETY