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Chola DYNASTY

Introduction to South India ✣ The history of southern India covers a span of over four thousand years during which the region saw the rise and fall of a number of dynasties and empires. The period of known history of the region begins with the Iron Age (1200 BCE to 24 BCE) period until the 14th century CE. 2

Introduction to Chola Dynasty ✣ The Cholas are remembered as one of the longest ruling dynasties in the southern regions of India. This section of the timeline witnesses the onset of a new culture and art flourishes like never before. The temples and literature of this time still serve testimony to this ecstatic period of history. 3

. Facts about chola empire * Chola empire was the most power Dynasty in the South India. • It was established in 300BCE and desablishied in 1279CE. • Rise of Chola empire took place in 848 CE and the greatest extent took place in 1030 CE. • The Chola Empire was established by Vijyalya . 4

Facts About Chola Dynasty ✣ The earliest datable references to the Chola are in inscriptions from the 3rd century BCE left by Ashoka, of the Maurya Empire. ✣ The heartland of the Cholas was the fertile valley of the Kaveri River, but they ruled a significantly larger area at the height of their power from the later half of the 9th century till the beginning of the 13th century. 5

Facts about chola dynasty ✣ The capitals of Chola Dynasty were Thanjavur, Gangaikonda and Cholapuram. ✣ The common language was Tamil, Sanskrit. ✣ The religion which were followed was Hinduisum. 6

The extent of chola empire ✣ This is the extent , Trade routes and influences of Chola Empire 7

The countries captured ✣ Sri Lanka, Maldives and parts of Southeast Asia like Malaysia, Indonesia and Southern Thailand are captured by Chola Empire. ✣ They also defeated Pandayan. ✣ The extended of chola dynasty was from Nellore to Pudukotta and Mysore To Madras. 8

The Rulers Of Chola Dynasty Vijayalaya 848–891(?) Aditya I 891–907 Parantaka I 907–950 Gandaraditya 950–957 Arinjaya 956–957 Sundara (Parantaka II) 957–970 Aditya II 9 (co-regent) Uttama 970–985 Rajaraja I Rajendra I 985–1014 Rajadhiraja 1012–1044 Rajendra II 1044–1054 Virarajendra 1054–1063 Athirajendra 1063–1070 1070–1070

✣ The Chola Empire was established by the vijyalya . ✣ The most popular ruler was Rajaraja-I Rajaraja- I ✣ Rajaraja I , Father was Arulmoli Varman. ✣ He is also described as Rajaraja the Great. ✣ Rajaraja the Great, was a Chola emperor (reigned c. 985–1014) chiefly remembered for reinstating the Chola power and ensuring its supremacy in south India and Indian Ocean. 10

✣ Under the rule of Rajaraja-I , Chola empire captured Pandya country (southern Tamil Nadu), the Chera country (Malabar Coast and western Tamil Nadu) and northern Sri Lanka. He also acquired the Lakshadweep and Maldive Islands in the Indian Ocean. ✣ He started Campaigns against the Western Gangas (southern Karnataka) and Chalukyas extended the Chola influence as far as the Tungabhadra River. ✣ He was defeated by his son Rajendra chola. ✣ He also spread the message of vedas amoung the common people. 11

✣ The Rajarajeshwarem temple made by Rajaraja-I 12

The decline of chola dynasty ✣ Due to the continues war of cholas dynasty it led to make it weaker in at 1279 CE . And they are then succeded by the king of Vijaynagar. 13