Gases Flipbook

Gases Emma Martin

Temperature, Volume, and Pressure Temperature - The degree or intensity of heat present in a substance or object, especially as expressed according to a comparative scale and shown by a thermometer or perceived by touch. Temperature is measured in degrees Celsius. Kelvin, or Fahrenheit. Volume - The amount of space that a substance or object occupies, or that is enclosed within a container, especially when great. Volume can be measured in cubic centimeters (cm^3) and meters (m^3). Liquids might be measured in milliliters (mL) or liters (L). Pressure - The force of all the gas particle/wall collisions divided by the area of the wall. Pressure is measured in Pascals (P).

Kinetic Molecular Theory Kinetic Molecular Theory is the explanation of kinetic or molecular - All particles are in constant, motion of gas particles. random motion. Gas Pressure is the measure of - All collisions between the force a gas exerts on the particles are perfectly container. # of Collisions. elastic. - The volume of the particles in a gas is negligible. - The average kinetic energy of the molecules is its Kelvin temperature.

Ideal Gas Law Ideal Gas Law is a description of gas behavior that permits you to solve for the number of moles of a contained gas when given only one value each for P,V, and T. The related variables are P (pressure), T (temperature), and V (volume). The constant variable is R. The formula is PV=nRT

Avogadro's Principle / Molar Volume Avogadro’s Principle states that equal volumes of all gases, at the same temperature and pressure, have the same number of molecules. Avogadro’s Law states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its quantity. Molar Volume is the volume that one mole of gas occupies at STP (22.4 Liters). STP - Standard temperature (273º K / 0º C) and standard pressure (101.3 kPa or 1 atm)

Boyle’s Law Boyle’s Law states that the volume of a confined gas is inversely proportional to the pressure exerted on the gas. The related variables are V (volume) and P (pressure). As volume increases pressure decreases. The constant variables are T (temperature) and n (molecules). The formula is P1V1= P2V2

Charles’ Law Charles’ Law states that if a given quantity of gas is held at a constant pressure, then it's volume is directly proportional to the absolute temperature. (Kelvins) The variables that are related are T (temperature), and V (volume). They are directly proportional. The constant variable is P (pressure). The formula is V1/ T1 = V2/ T2

Gay-Lussac’s Law Gay-Lussac’s LAw states that volumes of gases always combinewith one another in the ratio of small whole numbers, as long as volumes are measured at the same temperature and pressure. The related variables are P (pressure), and T (temperature). The constant variable is V (volume). The formula is P1/ T1 = P2/ T2

Combined Law Combined Gas Law combines Charles’, Boyle’s, and Gay-Lussac’s laws. The variables that are related are P (pressure), T (temperature), and V (volume). The constant variable is n (moles). The formula is P1V1/ T1N1= P2V2/ T2N2.