listening from inferring sources

2108140 (wk5) Inferring from Listening Sources Describing Objects





The meaning of inference Inference refers to the process of using observation and background knowledge as well as other clues to determine a conclusion a conclusion that makes sense.

Examples of inference are: • Sally arrives at home at 4:30 and knows that her mother does not get off of work until 5. Sally also sees that the lights are off in their house. Sally can infer that her mother is not yet home. • John hears a smoke alarm and smells burnt bacon. John can infer that his neighbor burnt her breakfast.

• Jennifer hears her mailbox close and her dog is barking. Jennifer can infer that a postman has delivered her mail. • Wilma took a day off from work and comes in the next day with sunburn. Wilma was at the beach. • Norman sees cookie crumbs on the floor and chocolate around his son's mouth. Norman can infer that his son got into the cookie jar. • If you see someone dressed all in black, you could make an inference that they are going to a funeral.

• The floor is covered in shreds of newspaper and Susan's dog has newsprint on his paws. It can be inferred that Susan's dog ate the newspaper. • Sarah left a Payless Shoes bag on the floor and is wearing shiny red heels. It can be inferred that Sarah went shoe shopping. • A woman walks into a store soaking wet and it is raining. It can be inferred that she does not have an umbrella.

Make an inference about the following statements. • On Valentine’s Day, my neighbor gave his wife a poem that took him about two seconds to write. • If she died, I wouldn’t go to her funeral. • John's house smells of soy sauce and used chopsticks are on the table. • Bob eats salad for lunch each day. • When the phone rang and Liz picked it up, she was all smiles. • A child tries a new fruit and makes a horrible face after eating something new.

• At 5 o'clock Jill saw her assistant's office light out and did not hear the sound of typing. • Ted played games, had cake and ice cream, then watched as his friend opened his gifts. • The kids went swimming and then built a sand castle. • Nancy comes home from her date, runs to her bedroom and slams the door.

A: Look at the long line! Do you think we’ll get in? B: I think so. Some of these people already have tickets. A: How much are the tickets? B: Only nine dollars for the first show. I’ll pay. A: Thanks. I’ll buy the popcorn. 1. Where are these people? 2. What are they talking about?

A: This is one of the reasons I hate working in a big city. B: I know. Every day, it’s the same thing. A: This is terrible! We may be here all night! I hope we don’t run out of gas. B: No, I think there’s enough. A: Let’s turn on the radio. Maybe there’s some good music. B: Sorry, the radio’s not working. A: I think I’ll take the train tomorrow! 1. Where are these people? 2. What are they talking about? 3. What do you think will happen next?

A: When did this happen? B: Yesterday. I was playing soccer and I fell down. A: Can you move it at all? B: Only a little. A: Can you walk on it? B: No. It hurts too much. A: I think we’ll have to take an X-ray. B: Will I be able to play in the game tomorrow? A: I’m afraid not. 1. Where are these people? 2. Who are they?

Describing Objects shape, material or colour be+adjective be+article+adjective+noun be+adjective+nouns be made of be made from This chair is made of wood. Paper is made from wood.

Read through these questions and decide which objects are being described. 1) What's a stamp? It's the object you wear on your wrist that shows you the time. It's the small piece of paper we put on letters before we send them. It's the thing you wear around our waists to keep our trousers up. 2) It's the spicy, dark powder that's made from crushed seeds we use to flavour food. Sugar. Pepper. Salt. 3) It's the school subject where you learn about the past. Biology. History. Geography.

4) What's a plate? It's the coloured liquid we use to change the colour of walls. It's the flying vehicle that has an engine and wings. It's the flat round object we put food on. 5) Scissors are the things we use to ___. glue paper fold paper cut paper 6) A ___ is a small creature with a long , soft body and a round shell. shark spider snail snake

Qualities of nouns a cold drink a hot bun an ugly monster a fierce dog a loud crash a beautiful rainbow a clever monkey a difficult question happy children a kind lady a new car an old house a pretty girl a rich family a sad story a strong man

Colours of Nouns Please get me some white paint. The sky is gray. Your hands are black! The sea is blue. George is wearing brown shoes. I don’t like green apples. Carrots are orange. Flamingos are pink. Eggplants are purple. Roses are red.

Sizes of Nouns a huge balloon a thin boy a short man a big hat broad shoulders a high mountain a large ship a long bridge a narrow path small animals tiny insects a wide street

Material wood, leather, metal, aluminum, iron, bronze, gold, silver, plastic, glass, ceramic, paper, cotton, wool, silk, crystal, rubber

Weight It weighs 75 kilos. (light, heavy) It’s lighter than… It’s heavier than… It’s not too heavy. It’s very light.

shape cylindrical, flat, round, square, triangle, rectangular

• What's a pen? It's something we use to write with. • What's a balloon? It's a brightly coloured rubber bag that gets bigger when filled with air or gas. They are used as party decorations. • What's a spoon? It's the thing we use to stir your coffee / it's the thing we use to eat soup with. • What's a telescope? It's the tube shaped object we use to see the stars or things that are far away. • What's a giraffe? It's an African animal that has a very long neck.

• Asking for Details What does it look like? How big is it? (What size is it?) How much does it weigh? What color is it? What’s it made of? What is it? What the purpose of (...a refrigerator)? What do you use a (... peeler) for? • Sample Response It’s small, with eight hairy legs. It’s 3 meters, by 4 meters, by 5 meters. It weighs 25 kilograms. It’s bright yellow, brighter than a banana. It’s made of plastic and aluminum. It's a musical instrument. The purpose of a refrigerator is to keep food cold so it does not spoil. A peeler is used to remove the skin of fruits or vegetables.

Describing the Objects Used for Leisure Activities In my free time, I like to __________ (activity you like to do). To_______ (activity you like to do), you need (1)__________, (2) _________, and (3) __________ (list three objects that are required for the activity). It is used for_________ (describe the purpose of the object). Example: In my free time, I like to play the guitar. To play the guitar, you need a guitar, a pick, and a tuner. A guitar is a musical instrument. It is usually made out of wood. It is about one meter tall. It has a large, eggplant shaped body with a long, thin neck. It has six strings that you pluck to make sounds. It can be the color of wood or can be painted any color. A pick is small. It is about the size of your thumb. It is triangular. It is made of plastic. You use it to play the strings of a guitar. A tuner is a tool that that helps you ensure the strings of the guitar are in tune. One model is 10cm long, 6cm wide, and 1cm tall. It is made out of plastic. It is sold in the colors black and silver.