X- Lịch sử Việt Nam bằng tranh 5 - Nước Âu lạc

["Th\u00e0nh Gi\u1eefa bao b\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh Trong kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u01b0a \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eafp n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c g\u00f2 \u0111\u1ea5t cao ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1eafp men theo b\u1edd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7m h\u1ed3. Chu vi kho\u1ea3ng 6500m. Chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh trung b\u00ecnh t\u1eeb 6m \u0111\u1ebfn 12m. \u0110o\u1ea1n cao nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 g\u00f2 \u00d4ng Voi \u1edf v\u00e0o g\u00f3c \u0111\u00f4ng b\u1eafc. M\u1eb7t th\u00e0nh r\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u, trung b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 10m. Ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh r\u1ed9ng g\u1ea5p hai m\u1eb7t th\u00e0nh. Th\u00e0nh Gi\u1eefa c\u00f3 n\u0103m c\u1eeda: c\u1eeda b\u1eafc, c\u1eeda t\u00e2y b\u1eafc, c\u1eeda t\u00e2y nam, c\u1eeda \u0111\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u1eeda nam. C\u1eeda \u0111\u00f4ng c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u1eeda C\u1ed1ng Song, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee7y n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7m C\u1ea3 v\u1edbi n\u0103m con r\u1ea1ch ph\u00eda trong th\u00e0nh Gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc cho v\u00f2ng h\u00e0o c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh Trong. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1eeda nam l\u00e0 c\u1eeda chung c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 hai th\u00e0nh Gi\u1eefa v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh Ngo\u00e0i. Hai b\u1ee9c th\u00e0nh n\u00e0y, khi ch\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda nam th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eafp g\u1ea7n nhau v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m g\u1eb7p nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed th\u00e0nh c\u1eeda chung. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3 trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed x\u00e2y th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam. C\u1eeda nam c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tr\u1ea5n Nam M\u00f4n, l\u00e0 c\u1eeda ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1eb7t ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh C\u1ed5 Loa n\u00ean c\u00f3 hai mi\u1ebfu th\u1edd th\u1ea7n tr\u1ea5n c\u1eeda \u1edf ngay tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t th\u00e0nh hai b\u00ean c\u1eeda. Khu \u0111\u1ea5t n\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa th\u00e0nh Gi\u1eefa v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh Ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ed7 \u1edf cho quan l\u1ea1i. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady nh\u00e0 vua \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 r\u1ea5t k\u1ef9 c\u00e0ng. Th\u00e0nh Ngo\u00e0i c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 th\u00e0nh Gi\u1eefa. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u00f2ng th\u00e0nh d\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t, v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 8.000m. Cao t\u1eeb 3m \u0111\u1ebfn 4m. \u0110o\u1ea1n cao nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn 8m, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 G\u00f2 C\u1ed9t C\u1edd. Ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh r\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 12m \u0111\u1ebfn 20m. Ngo\u00e0i c\u1eeda nam l\u00e0 c\u1eeda chung v\u1edbi th\u00e0nh Gi\u1eefa, th\u00e0nh Ngo\u00e0i c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u1eeda b\u1eafc (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u1eeda Kh\u00e2u), c\u1eeda t\u00e2y nam v\u00e0 c\u1eeda \u0111\u00f4ng. C\u00e1c c\u1eeda n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed ch\u00e9o v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1eeda c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh Gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e2y th\u00eam ph\u1ea7n tr\u1eafc tr\u1edf cho vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadp th\u00e0nh. 99","C\u1eeda \u0111\u00f4ng l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1ed1i Ho\u00e0ng Giang v\u1edbi c\u1eeda C\u1ed1ng Song \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh Trong. Khu \u0111\u1ea5t gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n gi\u1eefa th\u00e0nh Gi\u1eefa v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0 n\u01a1i doanh tr\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i. 100","101","H\u1ec6 TH\u1ed0NG H\u00c0O N\u01af\u1edaC M\u1ed7i v\u00f2ng th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 h\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc bao quanh b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, h\u00e0o r\u1ed9ng trung b\u00ecnh t\u1eeb 10m \u0111\u1ebfn 30m, c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 c\u00f2n r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c v\u00f2ng h\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng v\u1edbi nhau v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng v\u1edbi Ho\u00e0ng Giang. Ho\u00e0ng Giang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m h\u00e0o thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean cho th\u00e0nh Ngo\u00e0i \u1edf v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda t\u00e2y nam v\u00e0 nam. Ph\u1ea7n h\u00e0o c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o s\u00e1t ch\u00e2n t\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb G\u00f2 C\u1ed9t C\u1edd cho \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7m C\u1ea3. Con h\u00e0o n\u00e0y n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi con h\u00e0o c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh Gi\u1eefa \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7m C\u1ea3 v\u00e0 X\u00f3m M\u00edt, ch\u1ea3y qua c\u1eeda C\u1ed1ng Song n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u0103m con l\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng nh\u01b0 b\u00e0n tay x\u00f2e, v\u00e0 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t nh\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a con l\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y, n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y th\u00f4ng v\u00e0o v\u00f2ng h\u00e0o c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh Trong. Thuy\u1ec1n b\u00e8 \u0111i l\u1ea1i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng tr\u00ean ba v\u00f2ng h\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u00fa \u0111\u1eadu \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7m C\u1ea3 ho\u1eb7c ra Ho\u00e0ng Giang v\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ecfa \u0111i kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i. Theo truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft, An D\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng thuy\u1ec1n \u0111i kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c h\u00e0o r\u1ed3i ra Ho\u00e0ng Giang. \u1ee4, L\u0168Y Trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac chung c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh C\u1ed5 Loa c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c l\u00e0m phong ph\u00fa th\u00eam t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00e0y. \u0110\u00f3\u00e1 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00f2 \u0111\u1ea5t d\u00e0i ho\u1eb7c tr\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eafp r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng th\u00e0nh ho\u1eb7c n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i th\u00e0nh Ngo\u00e0i. Ta kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau \u1ee5, l\u0169y nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e2n ch\u00fang g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 D\u00e2n, \u0110\u1ed1ng Chu\u00f4ng, \u0110\u1ed1ng B\u1eafn... C\u00e1c \u1ee5 l\u0169y n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng s\u1ef1, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i ti\u1ec1n v\u1ec7, ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u00e0nh, h\u00e0o trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh C\u1ed5 Loa. 102","K\u1ebeT LU\u1eacN V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, th\u00e0nh C\u1ed5 Loa th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed5 trong c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng ngo\u1ea1i x\u00e2m. V\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c th\u00e0nh ki\u00ean c\u1ed1, v\u1edbi h\u00e0o s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c \u1ee5, l\u0169y, C\u1ed5 Loa l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u0103n c\u1ee9 ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 vua, tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 kinh \u0111\u00f4. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u0103n c\u1ee9 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p h\u00e0i h\u00f2a th\u1ee7y binh c\u00f9ng b\u1ed9 binh. Nh\u1edd ba v\u00f2ng h\u00e0o th\u00f4ng nhau d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, th\u1ee7y binh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p c\u00f9ng b\u1ed9 binh \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean b\u1ed9 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn. V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 t\u1eebng khu c\u01b0 tr\u00fa cho vua, quan, binh l\u00ednh, th\u00e0nh C\u1ed5 Loa l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i th\u1eddi \u1ea5y. Kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 bu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i H\u00f9ng V\u01b0\u01a1ng khi vua v\u00e0 d\u00e2n c\u00f2n c\u00f9ng nhau \u0111i c\u00e0y, c\u00f9ng nhau vui ch\u01a1i; th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng vua quan \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1ch kh\u1ecfi d\u00e2n ch\u00fang m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd, s\u1ed1ng g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 c\u00f4 l\u1eadp h\u1eb3n v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 giai c\u1ea5p r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 \u1eaft h\u1eb3n c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u00e0u ngh\u00e8o, sang h\u00e8n. V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u0103n h\u00f3a, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00f2a th\u00e0nh c\u1ed5 nh\u1ea5t c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i d\u1ea5u t\u00edch c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ta, C\u1ed5 Loa tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t di s\u1ea3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng qu\u00ed b\u00e1u, m\u1ed9t b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 \u00f3c s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, v\u1ec1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed5. \u0110\u00e1 k\u00e8 ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh, g\u1ed1m r\u1ea3i r\u00eca th\u00e0nh, h\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc quanh co, \u1ee5 l\u0169y ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, h\u1ecfa h\u1ed3i ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh hi\u1ec3m tr\u1edf, ngo\u1eb1n ngo\u00e8o, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho th\u00e0nh \u1ed0c x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng cho tinh hoa truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam. 103","104","105","Ch\u00fa th\u00edch: (1) L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u1eadp 1, Nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ecdc v\u00e0 Trung H\u1ecdc chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1983. (2) L\u00e0ng Qu\u1eady nay thu\u1ed9c x\u00e3 Li\u00ean H\u00e0, huy\u1ec7n \u0110\u00f4ng Anh. (3) L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u1eadp 1, \u1ee6y Ban Khoa H\u1ecdc X\u00e3 H\u1ed9i, 1971, tr.72. B\u00f9i Thi\u1ebft, L\u00e0ng x\u00e3 ngo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1985, tr.134. (4) \u0110\u1ed7 V\u0103n Ninh, Th\u00e0nh C\u1ed5 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n Khoa H\u1ecdc X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1983, tr.28. (5) L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u1eadp 1, \u1ee6y Ban Khoa H\u1ecdc X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, 1971, tr.70. (6) \u0110\u1ed7 V\u0103n Ninh, s\u0111d, tr.35. Theo L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u1eadp 1, Nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 Trung h\u1ecdc chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p, th\u00ec l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 18 h\u1ecfa h\u1ed3i (s\u0111d, tr.203). 106","107","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM B\u1eb0NG TRANH T\u1eacP 5 N\u01af\u1edaC \u00c2U L\u1ea0C _____________________ Ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n: NGUY\u1ec4N MINH NH\u1ef0T Ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m n\u1ed9i dung: NGUY\u1ec4N TH\u1ebe TRU\u1eacT Bi\u00ean t\u1eadp: C\u00daC H\u01af\u01a0NG Bi\u00ean t\u1eadp t\u00e1i b\u1ea3n: T\u00da UY\u00caN B\u00eca: BI\u00caN TH\u00d9Y S\u1eeda b\u1ea3n in: \u0110\u00ccNH QU\u00c2N Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y: B\u00d9I NGH\u0128A _____________________ NH\u00c0 XU\u1ea4T B\u1ea2N TR\u1eba \u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9: 161B L\u00fd Ch\u00ednh Th\u1eafng, Ph\u01b0\u1eddng 7, Qu\u1eadn 3, Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0110i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i: (08) 39316289 - 39316211 - 39317849 - 38465596 Fax: (08) 38437450 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.nxbtre.com.vn CHI NH\u00c1NH NH\u00c0 XU\u1ea4T B\u1ea2N TR\u1eba T\u1ea0I H\u00c0 N\u1ed8I \u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9: S\u1ed1 21, d\u00e3y A11, khu \u0110\u1ea7m Tr\u1ea5u, Ph\u01b0\u1eddng B\u1ea1ch \u0110\u1eb1ng, Qu\u1eadn Hai B\u00e0 Tr\u01b0ng, Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0110i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i: (04) 37734544 Fax: (04) 35123395 E-mail: [email protected] C\u00d4NG TY TNHH S\u00c1CH \u0110I\u1ec6N T\u1eec TR\u1eba (YBOOK) 161B L\u00fd Ch\u00ednh Th\u1eafng, P.7, Q.3, Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0110T: (08) 35261001 - Fax: (08) 38437450 Email: [email protected] Website: www.ybook.vn","",""]