Book Fall-Armyworm-IPM-Guide-for-Africa

Chapter 5. Biological Control and Biorational Pesticides for Fall Armyworm Management Scientific Name & Family Description Photograph Doru luteipes Scudder % One of the most important natural enemies of (Dermaptera: Forficulidae) FAW. Bioecological studies with the predator, Earwigsq feeding on FAW larvae, showed that the number of eggs per oviposition is 25-30, with an incubation period of around 1 week. % The nymph stage comprises four instars, ranging from 37 to 50 days. % Adults with sieves at the extremity of the Doru luteipes abdomen can live up to 1 year. Euborellia annulipes (Lucas) % In summer, the incubation period is 7 days. Time (Dermaptera: Carcinophoridae) from egg until adult emergence is ~60 days. Earwigsr % The newly deposited eggs are oval, of yellowish cream color, 0.95 mm in length and 0.75 mm in diameter. The newly hatching nymphs have white coloration, black eyes, and black or brown abdomen. When they become adults, the initial coloration is white, and then turn dark color. Euborellia annulipes % The insects do not have wings. Zelus longipes (L.) % The genus Zelus is one of the most common Zelus leucogrammus (Perty) killer bugs in maize. Zelus armillatus (Lepeletier & Serville) % Average adult length is 1.3-1.9 cm. (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) Assassin bugs % Brown or blackish in color, and commonly found in maize fields. Zelus spp.: adults and egg mass (right, % Usually have a long, narrow head with a distinct above) neck behind the eyes, which are often reddish. % The females lay the eggs in groups on the leaves of the plants or even on the ground. The nymphs resemble an adult but without a wing. Geocoris punctipes % Small insects (approximately 4 mm in length) (Say) occurring in many parts of the world. Hemiptera: Lygaeidae Big-eyed bugst % Generally considered beneficial because they attack various pests including insects and mites Orius insidiosus Say (Hemiptera: in ornamental and agricultural crops. Anthocoridae) Flower bugu % Very common predator of Lepidoptera species. Nabis rugosus (L.) % Predator of small arthropods, such as thrips, (Hemiptera: Nabidae) Pirate bugv mites, whiteflies, aphids, and lepidopteran eggs. Big-eyed bug Geocoris punctipes (Lygaeidae) % Highly abundant species with the high potential (upper left); small pirate bug Orius insidiosus for use in biological control programs. (Anthocoridae) (lower left); Nabis sp. % Predators of aphids, moth eggs and small (Nabidae) (right) Lepidoptera larvae 71