NTU

NANYANG INTERDISCIPLINARY SUSTAINABILITY SOLUTIONSENVIRONMENTAL Among the first batch of students at the Interdisciplinary & WATER Graduate School was Mr Low Jiun Hui, who started his PhD RESEARCH in 2012 with the Singapore Membrane Technology Centre in INSTITUTE NTU’s Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute. Mr Low is devising a way to clean the membranes used in (NEWRI) the production of NEWater and desalinated water by using environmentally friendly chemicals like tannins. Tannins are naturally occurring acids derived from plants that may potentially prevent and inhibit bacteria from attaching and accumulating in these membranes. Commenting on his research, Mr Low said, “I always wanted to do something different from chemistry, and the Graduate School’s multidisciplinary approach greatly appealed to me. I hope to learn more and contribute to this area of environmental and sustainable development, which is increasingly becoming a dominant issue in the world today. I also look forward to working with some of the world’s top scientists based at the Graduate School and bouncing ideas off each other.” 101

SUSTAINABILITY LAENCDTSUERMEISNARS GIVEN BY VISITING THOUGHT LEADERS AND NOBEL PRIZE WINNERS102

NTU-SGXSUSTAINABILITYLECTURE SERIESThe NTU-SGX Sustainability Lecture Series was initiated by NTU’s SustainableEarth Peak in close collaboration with the Singapore Exchange (SGX) in order togive a stage to globally eminent and pioneering figures in sustainability, and in amanner that permits and encourages the free exchange of ideas.These discussions have brought together hundreds of guests and participants inour global network of sustainability and business leaders.Reto Ringger (2013), a sustainable Richard Sandor (2012), one of theinvestment pioneer, and founder & founding fathers of financial futuresCEO of Globalance Bank in Switzerland, introduced and led the discussiondiscussed the opportunities of investing about the use of derivatives andin sustainability. financial instruments for sustainability and achieving a more optimal use of resources. 103

INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES The Institute of Advanced Studies (IAS) was set up in July 2005 at the 50th Anniversary of Nanyang Technological University (NTU). It aims to provide NTU’s science and technology initiatives with a “Nobel boost.” The IAS is advised and guided by a committee of world-renowned scientists, including eleven Nobel Laureates and a Fields Medalist. The IAS at NTU is generally regarded as one of the best Institutes of Advanced Studies in the Asia Pacific region. It brings together world leading scientists and scholars to NTU, forges interdisciplinary research and close collaborations between NTU and major centres of research around the world, organises world-class conferences and workshops on multidisciplinary topics, as well as enlighten talented youths through lectures and discussions with eminent speakers in the world. A HISTORY OF CARBON Speaker: Prof Robert F. Curl Date: 25 April 2012 About the Talk: Carbon is the only element that humanity has routinely been in contact with in reasonably pure form since the origin of the species. With this much experience with it, one might think that the chemistry of pure carbon is completely understood and developed. Nothing could be further from the real situation. Although many important advances have been made recently, there is much that is not understood and probably much to be discovered about the chemistry and uses of this extremely flexible element. This talk will be a rapid survey of human experience with elemental carbon and its chemistry. About the Speaker: Prof Robert Floyd Curl, Jr. is an Emeritus Professor of Chemistry at Rice University. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1996 for the discovery of fullerene (with the late Richard Smalley, also of Rice University, and Harold Kroto of the University of Sussex).104

THE 4TH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOPON SOLAR ENERGY FOR SUSTAINABILITY:PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND BIOENERGETICS21 – 24 MARCH 2016Global bioenergetics relies on the continuousinput of solar energy initiating with light-drivencharge separation and water splitting reactions ofphotosynthesis followed by the subsequent use of theresulting high energy electrons and protons to drivethe production of ATP either through photosyntheticor oxidative phosphorylation.This meeting will cover various aspects of thisbioenergetic cycle to which Prof Sir John Walker(Nobel Laureate) FRS and Prof Leslie Dutton FRS havemade major contributions and whose 75th birthdays willbe celebrated. The cycle is initiated by the reactionsof photosynthesis and the workshop also coveredthe regulation of these processes in memory of theoutstanding contributions made to this area of researchby Prof Jan Anderson FRS who recently passed away.Therefore, this workshop will bring together worldleading scientists actively involved in understandingnatural biological processes associated with the flow ofenergy in biological cells. 105

PARA LIMES AT NTU AND THE COMPLEXITY PROGRAMME Para Limes stands for Beyond Boundaries. At NTU, it stands for explorations across boundaries of science, art and philosophy. All big problems humanity faces are essentially non-disciplinary in nature. Hence, solutions must be looked for in a space that is not defined by the boundaries of disciplines, but by the imagination of exploratory minds. Para Limes will facilitate and stimulate such exploration by leading thinkers and explorers in the world. CONFERENCE: A CRUDE LOOK AT THE WHOLE Date : 4 – 6 March 2013 Complexity embodies some of the hardest, most fundamental and most challenging open problems in academia. In that sense it is truly “big science”. It also lies at the root of the most burning issues that confront us every day, such as climate, hunger, sustainability, energy, urbanisation, water, health, security, innovation, and the impact of technology. In that sense complexity is what we have created, what we are, and what we do. The most compelling challenge for the world community is to find ways to “deal” with that complexity and exercise some element of control over our future. Complexity as “big science” is key to meeting this challenge. A Crude Look at the Whole is about complexity in all senses of the word. Including: Speaker: Prof Murray Gell-Mann, Trustee Santa Fe Institute Title: A Crude Look at the Whole: A Reflection on Complexity Speaker: Prof Helga Nowotny, President European Research Council Title: Curiosity, Innovation and Complexity Speaker: Prof Johan Rockström, Stockholm Resilience Centre Title: Resilience for Human Development in the Anthropocene Speaker: Prof Kristian Lindgren, Chalmers University of Technology Title: Land-use, Economy and Complexity106

SEMINAR: SOLUTIONS FOR A SUSTAINABLE AND DESIRABLE FUTUREDate : Monday, 28 October 2013Speaker : Prof Robert Costanza, Chair in Public Policy at theCrawford School of Public Policy, Australian National UniversityA high and sustainable quality of life is a central goal for humanity.Our current socio-ecological regime and its set of interconnectedworldviews, institutions, and technologies all support the visionof unlimited growth of material production and consumption asa proxy for quality of life. However, abundant evidence showsthat, beyond a certain threshold, further material growth onlymarginally contributes to improvement in quality of life. Not onlydoes further material growth not meet humanity’s central goal,there is mounting evidence that it creates significant roadblocksto sustainability through increasing resource constraints(i.e., peak oil, water limitations), sink constraints (i.e., climatedisruption, biodiversity loss, pollution), and the inequitabledistribution of wealth.Overcoming these roadblocks and creating a sustainable anddesirable future will require an integrated, systems level redesignof our socio-ecological regime and economic paradigm focusedexplicitly and directly on the goal of sustainable quality of life andwell-being rather than the proxy of unlimited material growth.This transition, like all cultural transitions, will occur through anevolutionary process, but one that we, to a certain extent, cancontrol and direct through the process of shared envisioningand the creation of both physical and computer models. Visionsand models of integrated sets of worldviews, institutions, andtechnologies are needed to stimulate and seed this evolutionaryredesign. The process of creating a shared vision of the future isalso a key missing element of real democracy. 107

“We can look to government on the city level to drive a faster process of change than might otherwise be the case.” – Jonathon Porritt, Environmentalist & Writer S3 – 8 January 2014108

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CITIES LEADINGSUSTAINABILITYFROM URBAN SUSTAINABILITY DESIGN... …TO GOVERNANCE FOR CITIES.While immediate and local priorities often take Policies and incentives to create more technologythe attention and resources of Mayors and city and innovation are often led by nationalplanners, a global mindfulness about planetary governments. But cities will play an equallyand ecological boundaries is both possible and important role in the way they interact directlybeneficial for long run city development decisions. with billions of people who stand to benefit fromConsidering an issue like climate change (global healthier, happier, and more sustainable urbanwarming, threat of sea-level rise, and ocean communities. In fact, city leaders and innovatorsacidification), the connections are readily apparent are likely to have increasing influence and politicalbetween development decisions we make clout in sustainable development decisions. Citiestoday and the growing environmental and social are the ideal test beds for implementing andchallenges of tomorrow. Framed positively, greater experimenting with new solutions.awareness of environmental impacts and futureoutcomes, will help Mayors make better decisionstoday to keep their cities prosperous, healthy, andresilient long into the future. CITIES REPRESENT: 2% OF THE PLANET’S SURFACE 50% OF POPULATION 75% OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION 80% OF CO2 EMISSIONS110

NASA visible Earth: Earth city lights. Image by Craig Mayhew and Robert Simmon, NASA GSFC. New Delhi from theskies (over 22 million inhabitants) © Photo by GoogleEarth Foundation for Deep Ecology. A view of Hong Kong’s high density. 111

NTU, DEVELOPING AND SUPPORTING SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES The Inter-Ministerial Committee on Sustainable Development (IMCSD) was set up in February 2008 to formulate a clear national framework and strategy for Singapore’s sustainable development in the context of the emerging domestic and global challenges. Sustainable development for Singapore was defined as growing the city- state in a way that is resource-efficient, prevents pollution of the environment, and preserves greenery, waterways and the natural heritage. NTU, along with its local and international project partners, possesses all the academic and intellectual ingredients to help Singapore achieve its sustainability goals. The NTU’s Sustainable Earth Peak was created to help lead the way with entirely new and innovative approaches and solutions. NTU’s faculty, students, and partners from the academic, public, and private sectors, developed showcase projects on the campus, including sustainable buildings, new engineering designs, mobility solutions, monitoring and creating databases of sustainability metrics, improvements in resource-management planning, new policy approaches, and sustainable financing.112

A CITY WITHIN THE CITY, TOTEST SUSTAINABILITY SOLUTIONS: THE NTU YUNNAN CAMPUS 200 1.1M m2 600HECTARES OF LAND AREA GROSS FLOOR AREA FACULTY APARTMENTS 164M kWh >100 BUILDINGSENERGY CONSUMPTION IN FY12 (student accommodations, classrooms, academic and administrative offices, canteens, 814,000 m3 cafes and many other facilities including stores for shopping, books, groceries and computers.) VOLUME OF WATER CONSUMED IN FY12 33,000 16 WELL SERVED BY SBS TRANSIT AND THE UNDERGRADUATE & HALLS OF RESIDENCE INTERNAL BUS SHUTTLEPOSTGRADUATE STUDENTS FOR 9000 STUDENTS 113

NTU, A SUSTAINABLE CAMPUS PROJECT SETTING GOALS At NTU’s Energy Efficient Building Workshop on 5 October 2011, organised to gather resources and discuss key challenges to assist with building energy efficient structures in tropical climates as part of NTU’s ongoing and extensive campus building plan, it became clear that all the talent and ideas necessary to build cutting-edge sustainable buildings already existed within NTU or with our local project partners. In fact, NTU aspires to be one of the world’s top engineering and science centres and a leader in areas such as clean technology and environmental sustainability, and constructing energy efficient buildings on our campus was the perfect opportunity for the university to galvanise behind a more visionary effort. A CLOSER LOOK: OBJECTIVES & BENCHMARKING FOR NTU BUILDINGS THE GOAL AT NTU: A FINAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION (non-renewable) in buildings of 50 kWh/m2/yr. BEST PERFORMER AT NTU in 2011 was the School of Art, Design & Media, operating at approximately 130 kWh/m2/yr. The first 2 buildings at JTC’s CleanTechPark were DESIGNED TO ACHIEVE ENERGY EFFICIENCY targets of less than 100 kWh/m2/yr.114

THE IMPORTANCE OFBUILDING EFFICIENCYBuildings are one of the heaviestconsumers of energy and use about 40%of raw materials and resources globally. 115

2010 CAMPUS INITIATIVE 2010 MILESTONES Launch of Sustainable 2011 – 2012 Earth Peak EE-10% Initiative (ERI@N/ODFM) 2011 Reducing energy costs on campus by 10% and laying the foundations for 5 OCT 2011 longer run energy-saving opportunities. Energy Efficient Building Workshop 2012 A Established an objective JTC Launches Cleantech of 50kWh/m2/yr. Park & Cleantech One 2012 18 OCT 2012 2013 JUL 2012 Signature of ISCN Charter NTU becomes an official member of World Cities Summit a network of prestigious universities NTU Booth and Delegation. across the world with 3 guiding AUG 2012 principles: Sustainability performance of buildings on campus; Campus-wide Sustainable Cities White Paper In collaboration with the master planning and target setting; Complexity Institute. Integration of facilities, research, 2014 education, and outreach. B APR 2014 30 APR 2014 C NTU Wins Prestigious Green Launch of EcoCampus Mark Champion Award JUN 2015 For outstanding achievements in sustainability. EcoCampus Wins ISCN Sustainable Campus Excellence 2015 in Integration Award 2015116 Closing of Sustainable Earth Peak & Beginning of The Ongoing Sustainable Earth Initiative

ON-GOING ACTIVITIESA CLEANTECH PARK & CLEANTECH ONE JTC project presenting the first large-scale and integrated cleantech development (first building in 2012 and expecting 25 buildings by 2030).B ODFM – REGISTRATION OF NTU BUILDINGS FOR GREEN MARK CERTIFICATION AWARDS Implementation of Energy Efficient building systems leading to 14 Platinum Green Mark certified buildings and 18 Green Mark certified buildings in 2014.C ECOCAMPUS INITIATIVE S$20 million funding to develop the greenest campus in the world including a reduction of 35% in energy, water, waste and carbon footprint. WATER EFFICIENCY SYSTEMS BY NANYANG ENVIRONMENT AND WATER RESEARCH INSTITUTE MANAGED PRINT SERVICES (MPS) BY CENTRE FOR IT SERVICES EARTHLINK INITIATIVES 117

EE-10% In 2011/2012, the Energy Research Institute @ NTU (ERI@N) championed the Energy Efficient -10% (EE-10%) initiative at NTU with the goal of reducing energy costs on campus by 10% within one year and laying the foundation for longer run energy savings opportunities. ERI@N and ODFM’s teams identified a number of short and medium-term opportunities. – Airtightness in buildings and doorways. – Increasing Aircon Set Points. – More efficient start-up and shut-down times for Air-con. – Energy Reduction for Ventilation Units. – Reducing Unnecessary and Excessive Lighting around campus: in car parks, common areas, unused classrooms. – High Efficiency Lighting Systems. – Encouraging More Active Participation of Staff in Energy Efficiency and Savings. – Re-engineering of Ductwork. – Implementation of Solar Thermal cooling systems for cooling (hot water + absorption chillers).118

CLEANTECH PARK& CLEANTECH ONESingapore’s first eco-business park, CleanTech Park, launched by JTC, is an R&D andtest-bedding site for early adoption of technology and solutions. Located beside theNanyang Technological University, the 50-hectare Park was developed with emphasison retaining the natural environment and biodiversity of the area and serves asa choice location for forward-looking corporations that embrace environmentalsustainability.An Integrated “Living Laboratory”, CleanTech Park fosters a conducive, clusteredenvironment that encourages cross-fertilisation of ideas and knowledge, as well ascollaboration between industry and academia.CleanTech Park started construction in 2010 and will have 25 buildings uponcompletion in 2030. Located adjacent to NTU, the university was one of the firsttenants for the park’s first building project, CleanTech One.Photo by JTC ERI@N & CLEANTECH TWOJTC Cleantech One @ Cleantech Park ERI@N was involved in the design of CleanTech Two, achieving a high energy performance of the building by design. It developed: – “Cool coatings” that can reduce the heat gain from building rooftops and facade in collaboration with industry partners such as Akzo Nobel, Sky Cool and Nippon Paints. – With SGL Carbon as the industry partner, a test-bed of energy efficient ‘chilled ceiling’ cooling concept technology has cut energy use for cooling by about 26 per cent. It has been operational since late 2012 at ERI@N’s office in the CleanTech One building. – ERI@N has also worked with industry partners such as Toshiba to develop outdoor-air cooled data centres, which can achieve up to 50 per cent reduction in energy use. Experiments are ongoing to cool data centres without air conditioning. 119

OFFICE OF DEVELOPMENT & FACILITIES MANAGEMENT (ODFM) NTU, A GREEN MARK CHAMPION The Office of Development & Green Mark Platinum – the highest Facilities Management (ODFM) at possible award for an individual NTU oversees all new development, building – while another three won operation and maintenance of the GoldPLUS and Gold awards. University’s facilities and grounds. Its vision is to create a sustainable Commenting on the University’s environment, conducive for life- win, NTU Provost, Prof Freddy long learning, creativity and Boey said, “The BCA Green Mark entrepreneurship. Champion Award is a momentous recognition of NTU’s commitment In April 2014, Nanyang Technological towards sustainability. Buildings University (NTU) won the Green Mark are a prime example of how human Champion Award from the Building systems should integrate seamlessly and Construction Authority (BCA) with the natural environment, and for environmental sustainability. NTU is determined to be a leading player in this effort. By implementing Presented to a select group of sustainable design across the organisations each year, the Green campus, we can inspire our NTU Mark Champion Award is Singapore’s community to better appreciate our top accolade for sustainable building environment and be a model for design. To qualify for the prestigious others to efficiently use our natural Champion status, at least 10 projects resources. Collectively, we can make must have attained Green Mark a positive impact on our planet, which standards. Out of eighteen Green will benefit the future generation.” Mark certified projects, NTU had eight projects in 2014 that achieved120

THE BCA GREEN MARKBCA Green Mark is a green building rating system to evaluatea building for its environmental impact and performance. It isendorsed and supported by the National Environment Agency.It provides a comprehensive framework for assessing the overallenvironmental performance of new and existing buildingsto promote sustainable design, construction and operationspractices in buildings.The assessment criteria cover the following key areas:– Energy Efficiency– Water Efficiency– Environmental Protection– Indoor Environmental Quality– Other Green Features and Innovation18 14GREEN MARK PLATINUMCERTIFIED GREEN MARKBUILDINGS CERTIFIEDIN 2015 BUILDINGS IN 2015 121

PLATINUM GREEN MARK CERTIFIEDTHE SCHOOL OF ART, DESIGN & MEDIAThe centrepiece of NTU’s campus is the award-winning iconic building thathouses the School of Art, Design and Media with its signature sloping green roof.– Verdant turfed roof blending into the lush greenery and environment.– Turfed landscape as scenic outdoor communal space.– Green roof lowers both the roof & ambient temperature hence reduces heat gain to the air conditioned building.– The building is oriented with its facades facing north and south to minimise solar gain.– High efficiency discharge lights are adopted throughout the building.– The rain water collection system is fitted on the green roof for irrigation.– The rain sensors are installed on the green roof to automate the irrigation process whereby irrigation is ceased when it rains.– The curved building has a courtyard with water features and plants. The reflection of the trees and nature can been seen on the all-glass exterior. S$1.5 MILLION SAVINGS WITH SOLAR PANELS NTU is also making a bold statement in renewable energy by putting up 5 megawatts-peak of solar panel installation, the largest single location installation in Singapore, which will produce 3-5 per cent of current electricity consumption and save about S$1.5 million in annual electricity costs for the university.122

PLATINUM NTU RESIDENTIAL HALLS GREEN MARK The new NTU residential halls are installed with a variety of energy and CERTIFIED water-efficient features. This includes high-efficient lights with motion andNTU SPORTS HALL photo-cell sensors, as well as energy-Walking the green talk, Nanyang efficient lift systems that can be set toTechnological University (NTU) is “sleep” mode during inactive periods.building the region’s first sports Carbon dioxide sensors in the air-hall with a unique long-span timber handling units and basement floorsroof structure that provides five further help to lower the amount oftimes better heat insulation than energy used and maintain a healthyconcrete. This will reduce its energy indoor air quality. The buildings’ designconsumption by at least 40 per cent. also includes materials with highApart from sustainable features such levels of recycled content, such asas energy-saving LED lighting and green cement and recycled concretesolar powered systems, the sports aggregates.hall is designed to take advantage At the Nanyang Drive residentialof its natural surroundings. Using halls, the buildings’ north-southcomputer modelling of the sun and orientation and numerous windowswind patterns on-site, the buildings’ help to promote natural ventilation.designers aim to harness natural In addition, the building envelopewinds so students will enjoy good helps to keep off the heat of the sunventilation with average wind speeds and further reduces reliance on air-calculated at about 0.5 metres per conditioning. Solar cells and solarsecond. The walls will have special heaters have also been installed tometal coils with cold water flowing save energy.through them. This cools the windthat enters the hall and removes hot 123air quickly through convection.

MANAGED PRINT SERVICES (MPS) The Centre for IT services (CITS) formulated the 3P-less Initiative (Print less, Paper less and Pay less), a strategic campus paperless initiative to galvanise the NTU community to go green in supporting NTU’s Sustainable Earth Peak of Excellence. Managed Print Service (MPS) is the active management and optimisation of an organisation’s print devices and supplies. Detailed and accurate usage and billing information allow for closer monitoring and control of printing costs. NTU was the first Institution of Higher Learning (IHL) to implement MPS in Singapore and gathered the interest of other local institutions in learning from NTU’s MPS implementation. MPS BENEFITS – 50% Cost reduction. – Energy expenditure trimmed by 50 to 80%. – Saving millions of pieces of paper. – Eradicating time spent on toner & printer management. – Improving workplace efficiency & productivity. – Decreasing carbon footprint. – Responsible asset recovery and recycling strategies during device disposal.124

EARTHLINK INITIATIVES As an undergraduate student club, Earthlink organises a number of activities on campus to educate students about environmental issues in a fun and exciting way. These include an annual event called Greenfest, special events for World Water Week and Earth Hour, as well as regular beach clean-ups. E-WASTE RECYCLING CAMPAIGN 2012 Earthlink NTU initiated an E-Waste recycling project at St Joseph’s Institution on 16th February 2012 to increase awareness about electronic waste accumulation and its proper disposal. The event was tremendously successful with over 600 students actively participating in the activites.RECYCLING DRIVESAt the end of every semester, Earthlink NTUorganises a recycling drive, motivating studentsto recycle, at all the halls of residence for paperand clothes. Over the year 2011/2012, a total of 4tonnes of recyclable material was collected. BRING YOUR OWN BAG (BYOB) CAMPAIGN The campaign’s objective is to educate the NTU population about the disastrous effects of the continuous use of plastic bags on the environment as well as introduce the BYOB initiative: the charging of 10 cents for plastic bags at all retail outlets in NTU. 125

SEED MONEY GRANT VIRTUAL SUSTAINABLE CAMPUS The Sustainable Earth Peak funded the initial phases of the School of Computer Engineering’s Virtual Sustainable Campus project, to be a teaching and real-time information/data platform to allow users to both see (through extensive monitoring networks) what is happening in the campus world and to experiment with what new sustainability ideas might look like in this environment. Virtual Sustainable Campus provided the proof of concept for realistic visualisation of a 3D virtual campus that highlights the progress of sustainable developments in NTU. Next stages of this work are now being explored, including a more extensive simulated campus platform.126

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ECOCAMPUS & SMARTCAMPUS, THE FUTURE OF NTU LEADING THE WAY NTU is ramping up its efforts to transform into one of the world’s most environmentally friendly university campuses. Under the new EcoCampus initiative, NTU aims to cut its energy and water use, carbon footprint and waste by 35 per cent by 2020. In partnership with Singapore’s Economic Development Board (EDB) and JTC Corporation, the EcoCampus initiative will transform NTU’s 200-hectare campus into a super test bed for research projects in cutting-edge green technologies. They range from smart building systems and renewable energy, to electric transportation and water conservation technologies, complementing the vibrant sustainability R&D community in the adjoining 50-hectare CleanTech Park developed by JTC. NTU Learning Hub (To be completed in 2016) Rendering by Richard Kirk Architect128

“The EcoCampus Initiative is a bold step forward by NTU and a demonstrationof our goal to help keep Singapore future ready through the use of sustainabletechnologies. Through this initiative to be implemented campus-wide at NTU,we seek to increase the liveability and inclusivity of Singaporean communitiesby researching, test-bedding and implementing the latest sustainabletechnologies,” said Prof Freddy Boey, NTU Provost.The EcoCampus initiative will focus on buildings and campus-levelsustainability solutions that can be adopted in upcoming developments. Theeffort will be centred on six key areas:– Information Management– Green Buildings– Renewable Energy– Transportation– Waste & Water– User Behaviour for Energy Efficiency 129

THE ECO-CAMPUS INITIATIVE PROGRAMME IMPLEMENTATION 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 DEVELOPMENT PHASE SEP 2011 – SEP 2013 Awareness & Planning 1. Energy Savings at NIE Campus 2. EE-10% Initiative at NTU Campus 3. Awareness for Energy Efficiency 5 - 10% ENERGY, WATER & WASTE REDUCTION PHASE 1 OCT 2013 – 2016 Test bedding, Benchmarking, Analysis & Planning 1. Demonstration Projects 2. New Construction 3. Existing Building Maintenance 20% PHASE 2 PHASE 3 2014 – 2020 2020 – 2022 Implementation Verification & Best solutions from Phase 1 Documentation applied in Phase 2. 1. Commission Systems & 35% Performance Review 2. Best Practice Guidelines UP TO 50%130

A PROJECT IN CLOSE PARTNERSHIPWITH INDUSTRY LEADERSThe EcoCampus Initiative aims to tackle the complex sustainabilityissues together with all colleges, schools, institutes and centres withinNTU. Furthermore, industry collaborations are an integral part of thisinitiative to develop creative solutions with real impact. In the almosttwo years since the launch, EcoCampus has built strong industrycollaborations. These industry collaborations are a cornerstone forEcoCampus to foster sustainable development through the successfulcommercialisation of projects from R&D to real life. NTU’S RESEARCH ALLIANCE WITH INDUSTRY 131

RENEWABLE ENERGY ENERGY AND SMART GRIDS RESEARCH INSTITUTE @ NTU (ERI@N) To optimise renewable energy, Energy Market Authority of Singapore has launched the “Intelligent Energy Systems” pilot project on the NTU campus. The new system will help to enhance the capabilities of the current grid, making it more receptive to load changes, adding sensors/information devices such as smart meters and offering dynamic pricing plans to consumers. The system will also embed new electricity generation from renewable energy and storage sources. Energy Research Institute @ NTU (ERI@N) is working with partners like Murata to develop and test smart energy management systems allowing for improved grid stability and self-sufficiency while incorporating renewable energy sources. It integrates DC renewables (like solar PV and fuel cell), storage battery and grid power into one system, intelligently managing the distribution. The system operates autonomously by deciding how to distribute grid power and electricity from solar PV or storage batteries to household appliances, and control energy allocation through bidirectional DC-AC inverters and bidirectional DC-DC converters.132

ENERGY RESEARCH INSTITUTE @ NTU (ERI@N)LOW-CARBON URBANMOBILITY SOLUTIONSA variety of low-carbon urban mobility technologies are underdevelopment such as hybrid electric buses with partners likeVolvo and ABB based on the ‘Charge and Go’ strategy usingbattery pack and a back-up diesel engine, creating a 24/7 electricsolution with opportunity charging.Autonomous vehicles with wireless flash charging are beingcustomised for shorter distances to supplement publictransport. ERI@N, with industry partners Elbit and Navya,aims to develop an Autonomous Transportation Model (ATM)with a Supercapacitor which charges in less than two minutes.The charging system is powered through the solar panels andcharges wirelessly to the on-board supercapacitors.Research with industry partner Peugeot is focused on costefficient Personal Light Electric Vehicles (PLEVs) suitable forsingle users in tropical conditions. It includes a centralisedsystem that enables users to check the availability and locationof sharing vehicles and booking them by using mobile apps. NTU Learning Hub (To be completed in 2016) Rendering by Richard Kirk Architect 133

NTU Learning Hub (To be completed in 2016) Rendering by Richard Kirk Architect134

NTU TEST-BED PROJECTSDEMONSTRATION SUSTAINABILITY IMPACT / INDUSTRYPROJECTS / SITE INNOVATIVE ELEMENT PARTNERSmart controls for energy – 20-30% Energy savings.efficient chiller plants @ – Automatic control viaN3.1 chiller plant.Smart AC and DC intelligent algorithms based onmanagement system @ real-time operational data.Cleantech One building. – Integration of renewables. – Seamless integration of AC/ DC building grid.Chilled ceiling for tropical – 25-40% energy savings.air conditioning @ – Adaption of chilled ceilings forCleantech One building. tropical conditions.Liquid immersion cooling for – Up to 50% reduction in powerdata centres in the tropics utilisation in data centres.@ HPCC-NTU. – Direct immersion of servers in liquid for efficient cooling.High energy performance – Reduction in solar gain and air-material for tropical conditioning energy.facades @ Hall 4. – Environmental-friendly materials with easy application to facades.Demand control ventilation for – Reduction in energy throughenergy reduction @ SPMS. ventilation controls via air quality sensors.Electric autonomous vehicle- – Low carbon urban mobilityprojects underway @ NTU solution.campus and CleanTech Park. 135

“Innovations in sustainability, be it technology, management systems, new approaches to government, have the potential to become economic drivers and open new markets.” – Prof Alexander J. B. Zehnder, Member, Board of Trustees, Nanyang Technological University PLAY VIDEO136

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EXPLORING THE POTENTIAL OF APPLIED SOLUTIONS Singapore and Nanyang Technological University (NTU) are in important and unique positions to become global leaders in addressing sustainability challenges and developing applied sustainability solutions. Both the nation and the university are committed to finding high impact and workable sustainability solutions, new technologies, management systems, and governance structures. There is also a growing understanding in Singapore, in the private sector, in government, and at universities like NTU, that there are substantial research, education, and economic opportunities in becoming a global sustainability leader to help tackle one of our biggest global challenges. The development of a vibrant, pervasive culture of innovation and entrepreneurship at NTU is a long-term endeavour. NTU 2020 Strategy Document, p.11138

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FOOD Developing A Protein SCHOOL OF Alternative To Soybean For CHEMICAL AND Feeding Our Animals BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING (SCBE) SCBE is proud that our Assoc Prof Raymond Lau has a start-up company, Agronosis Pte Ltd, doing the project “Soybean Meal Replacement for Livestock Feed Industry with a Novel, Patent- Pending Lumostatic Technology” funded by SPRING Technology Enterprise Commercialisation Scheme, which aims to proof the concept idea of using patented lumostatic bioreactor to produce protein rich microalgae for the replacement of soybean meal in livestock feed.140

SHELTERReduce Global Warming With SCHOOL OFInnovative Construction Materials CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTALIn a project supported by the SE Peak, Dr Cise Unluer, CEE, ENGINEERINGhas developed novel carbon negative construction materialswhich would reduce the impacts of global warming through the (CEE)sequestration of carbon dioxide within concrete constructionproducts.The collaborations with University of Cambridge and constructionindustry in the UK have been established through the research.The resulting formulations of carbon negative constructionproducts developed in this project will offer a unique solutionto cement production with a very high potential of resultingin a huge impact through their significant abilities in loweringembodied energies, reducing wastes, and delivering massivesequestration in a wide range of applications, defining NTU as akey player in sustainable cement research and production. 141

WATER SINGAPORE CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL LIFE SCIENCES ENGINEERING (SCELSE) Remove Water Contaminants In SCHOOL OF An Energy Efficient Manner CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING (CEE) PROJECT TITLE Nanocatalytic biofilm for remediation of contaminated waters Researchers at SCELSE and NTU’s School of Civil and Environmental Engineering have fabricated a catalytic system that can effectively remove water contaminants in an energy efficient manner. The system involves a cultivated environmental bacteria (Shewanella oneidensis MR-1) biofilm that is able to convert palladium(II) ions to palladium(0) nanoparticles. The palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) produced are highly active catalysts that can be used to remove many types of contaminants. Besides acting as a structural support and fabrication factory for the Pd nanoparticles, the microbial biofilm can also contribute to the retention and removal of the pollutants on its own, and possibly play a role in recharging the catalytic Pd NPs. The result is an environmentally friendly, self-sustained nanocatalytic system for the remediation of contaminated water.142

Nitric Oxide Controlling SINGAPOREBacteria Sustainably CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL LIFE SCIENCES ENGINEERING (SCELSE)PROJECT TITLEThe use of nitric oxide (NO) as a natural signal to dispersemicrobial biofilms that foul water purification membranes.Bacteria preferentially grow in the environment, man-madesystems and in the human host, as biofilms. They are especiallyproblematic in membrane based water purification systems,such as reverse osmosis based desalination, where the biofilmsblock the pores and prevent the passage of clean water. Thus,strategies that can reverse or block biofilm formation havesignificant potential for the control of biofilms in a range ofapplications including fouling control for water purification.In the past year, SCELSE researchers have shown that NOdisperses natural biofilm communities, which are multispeciesconsortia that grow as biofilms and are responsible for foulingmembranes used for water purification. The alleviation ofmembrane fouling, for example in reverse osmosis systemsgreatly reduces the energy input needed to purify water, therebyreducing costs and the environmental footprint.Similarly, NO is being employed to control microbial foulingin membrane bioreactors (MBR) used to treat wastewaterwhereby biological degradation of organics by activatedsludge and separation of clean water from mixed liquor sludgesuspension by membrane filtration are integrated into onesystem. Compared to conventional used water treatment,the MBR reduces space needed, process time and increaseseffluent quality. Thus effective control of membrane fouling iskey to process efficiency and sustainability.This work is funded by Singapore’s Environmental Water Instituteto develop these applications. 143

ENERGY SCHOOL OF SEED PHYSICAL AND MONEY MATHEMATICAL GRANT SCIENCES (SPMS) Self-sufficient Power Systems in Car Parks PROJECT TITLE Waste Mechanical Energy Capturing Towards Self-power Systems In Car Parks PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR Assoc Prof Fan Hongjin NTU developed their own prototype of a triboelectric nanogenerator - a device that transform the energy produced from vibrations (walking, engine vibrations, trains etc) into electrical energy. Following pioneering work by Prof Z. L. Wang at GeogiaTech Institute, we sent a student to learn the technique of fabricating the devices and finally managed to make them work (in a small scale) in Singapore. We have two modes of devices: vertical mode and in-plane mode. Working Mechanism Of Vertical Mode TENG Device – In one cycle the device generates two opposite direction voltage and current pulses. The open-circuit voltage is as high as 40 volts when an adult steps on it. The mode device is able to harvest those linear-movement mechanical energies. Working Mechanism Of In-plan Mode TENG Device – The in-plan mode device output wave form open-circuit alternating voltage which is as high as 8 volts. Increasing the rotating speed and number of electrodes is able to improve the output voltage value. The mode device can exploit those rotary mechanical energies. SCIENTIFIC DELIVERY – We demonstrated several types of triboelectric generator prototypes and investigated their working mechanism, and made a preliminary analysis of parameters that affect device performance, including pressure and humidity. – We confirmed the feasibility of applying triboelectric generators to harvest mechanical energy in our daily life.144

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ENERGY SCHOOL OFRESEARCH PHYSICAL ANDINSTITUTE MATHEMATICAL @ NTU SCIENCES (ERI@N) (SPMS)The New Wonder Perovskite Material That CanBe Solar Cell By Day And Attractive LuminousPanel By NightDr. Sum Tze ChienSince its first discovery in 2009 to the present time, perovskite solar cells haveimproved rapidly in performance. Today, perovskite solar cells have attainedefficiencies exceeding 20%. This is the highest ever efficiency recorded for alow temperature solution processed solar cell. The underlying reason for thisrapid leap in efficiency, however, remained a mystery for several years.In 2013, an interdisciplinary team led by Dr. Sum Tze Chien succeeded inuncovering the mechanics behind this phenomenon. The team’s work wassubsequently published in one of the world’s top scientific journals, Science,in October 2013.This new knowledge is currently being utilised by Dr Sum’s collaborators atthe Energy Research Institute @ NTU (ERI@N) towards the development of acommercial prototype of the perovskite solar cell. This venture is undertakenin collaboration with Australian clean-tech firm Dyesol Limited.The new versatile perovskite solar cell, which not only converts solar lightinto electricity but also glows when electricity passes through. The newdiscovery offers exciting possibilities for dual or even triple uses in energy-efficient, “green” buildings. The new perovskite material can be customisedto emit light in different colours by tuning its composition. Moreover, sincethe material can be made semi-translucent, the cells can be used as tintedglass, generating solar energy while serving as windowpanes during the dayand transforming into light-emitting displays at night. 147

Enhancing Butanol Biofuel Production SINGAPORE CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL LIFE SCIENCES ENGINEERING (SCELSE) PROJECT TITLE Chemically Modified Microbes Enhance Butanol Biofuel Production Biofuels can provide renewable alternatives to fossil fuels for the world’s demanding energy needs. The biofuel industry is currently dominated by ethanol production, but butanol also provides an ideal option as it stores more energy per litre, is more easily separated from water, is less corrosive to pipelines and can be blended with petrol at a higher concentration without damaging vehicle engines. However, biological butanol production is economically constrained by low production titers that make solvent recovery costly. In a highly innovative project, SCELSE researchers are chemically modifying microbial membranes to achieve biotechnologically superior microbes to overcome the current limitations in the biological production of the biofuel butanol. Microbes that produce butanol by fermentation are killed as the butanol titre reaches about 2% by volume, which means a costly distillation process is needed to concentrate the fuel for practical use. Increasing microbial solvent tolerance is the first step to improving bioprocess yields. The SCELSE team is using a novel materials approach to stabilise bacterial cell membranes to enhance butanol tolerance. Membrane insertion molecules (MIMs) are added into the gaps between cell membrane molecules to boost stability and maintain cell integrity. This process bypasses the alternative process of engineering butanol-tolerance pathway genes into these microbes, which can result in unpredictable and undesirable effects. The MIMs are understood to induce solvent tolerance in Escherichia coli by reducing membrane fluidity. Such MIM treated E. coli cells have an increased growth rate under butanol stress, compared to non- treated cells. This chemical modification approach offers great scope for future development and serves as a strong alternative to microbial strain improvement using genetic approaches.148

ENERGY RESEARCH INSTITUTE @ NTU (ERI@N)A Smart Chip: To Lessen Battery ChargingTime And Detect Fire HazardsProf Rachid Yazami and his team developed a smart chip that can detect thehealth of many types of batteries (for example, for smartphones or electricvehicles) to determine its appropriateness for continued use, and alsoreducing charging times to as little as 10 minutes.The new chip which was developed over five years can optimise the chargingprocess when embedded in a battery, allowing the battery to power up at fullspeed. The chip contains a unique algorithm to precisely measure the amountof charge left in the battery, depending on its temperature and voltage. 149

TRANSPORT A New Era Of Electro-mobility: NTU And BMW Group Launched A Joint Electro-mobility Research Programme BMW Group and NTU launched a new electromobility research programme on 29 June 2015. This new research programme will be conducted at the existing Future Mobility Research Lab located at NTU campus, which is the BMW Group’s first joint lab in Southeast Asia and will involve the all-electric BMW i3 and plug-in hybrid sports car BMW i8 that runs on electricity and petrol, provided as research platforms to the Future Mobility Research Lab. In addition to initial research topics (Advanced Battery, Driver Enhancement and Intelligent Mobility) the new research programme will focus on two additional noteworthy areas (Electromobility in Asia and Smart Materials). With the help of fully electric i3 and plug-in hybrid i8 vehicle, research would be conducted on real-life driver behaviour to collect in-depth data on vehicle performance. The two cars will also be used to conduct on-road trials of new technologies that are being developed in the lab. BMW i8 (left) and i3 (right) in ENERGY front of NTU’s The Hive. RESEARCH INSTITUTE @ NTU (ERI@N)150