Health Science Flip Book - Shriya Peddapuram

4B Mr.Pickett

Integumentary Function: ● derm/o - skin (dermatology is the study of the skin) To act as a barrier to protect the body from the outside ● kerat/o - hard,horn-shaped tissue(keratin is a tissue that world, regulate body temperature, retain body fluids and get rid of some body waste. makes up hair) ● xer/o - dry (xeroderma is abnormally dry skin) Careers: ● xanth/o - yellow (xanthoderma is patches of yellow on the skin ● erythr/o - red (erythrocyte is a red blood cell) ● Dermatologist - speculate in diagnosing ● pedicu/o - louse/lice (pediculosis capitis is head lice) diseases of the skin, hair and nails ● onych/o -finger/toe nail (onychomycosis is nail fungus) ● Dermatologic oncologist - a doctor that treats ● pil/o - hair (poliosis is a condition that causes gray hair at and diagnosis various types of skin cancer birth) ● lip/o - fat (lipoma is a fatty tumour under the skin) ● rhytid/o- wrinkle(rhytidoplasty removes wrinkles on the skin) ● Psoriasis - a condition in which skin cells build up and form scales and itchy, dry patches ● Epidermolysis Bullosa (EB) - causes skin to become VERY fragile. Any friction to skin can cause painful blisters ● Melanoma - when the pigment-producing cells becomes cancerous (most serious type of skin cancer) ● Eczema - allergic reaction that manifests as dry, itchy patches of skin that resembles rashes

Musculoskeletal System

Musculoskeletal Vocabulary: System ● my/o - muscle (myopathy is a muscle disease) ● myel/o- spinal cord; bone marrow (myelitis is inflammation of A combination of the muscular and skeletal systems to provide form,stability, support and movement,to the body the bone marrow) ● oste/o- one (osteoporosis is a bone disease when the body DISEASES & DISORDERS: ● Osteomalacia - “soft bones” due to not enough makes too little bone) ● cost/o- rib (costochondritis is inflammation of cartilage calcium deposit. ● Tendonitis - inflammation of tendons connecting rib to breastbone) ● Carpal Tunnel Syndrome - nerve in wrist is pinched ● crani/o- skull(craniectomy is a surgery that removes part of the causing numbness to pointer, middle and thumb skull fingers ● -pexy - fixation; put in place (cystopexy is a surgery to fix the ● Osteoarthritis- inflammation in the joints and breakdowns cartilage in joints bladder in a different place) ● chondr/o- cartilage (chondritis is inflammation of cartilage) CAREERS ● arthr/o- joint (arthritis is inflammation of the joints) ● Podiatrist - foot doctor; work with problems with ● -plegia - paralysis (quadriplegia is paralysis of all 4 limbs) ● -kinesis - movement (cytokinesis is division of the cell nucleus the feet and it’s ability to move ● Orthopedic surgeon - works with bones, its during mitosis) diseases and mobility of the body as a whole

Nervous ● neur/o - nerve (neurosurgeons operate on the nervous system) System ● encephal/o - brain (encephalogram records Sense what is going on around, make a plan on how to electrical brain activity) react to it and then send signals executing the plan ● myel/o - spinal cord (myelitis is inflammation of the DISEASES & DISORDERS bone marrow) ● Amnesia - memory loss ● Epilepsy - excessive/abnormal brain activity ● ambul/o - walking (ambulation is the ability to move/walk) causing seizures ● Autism- a developmental disorder impairing ● -esthesia - nervous sensation (hypesthesia is numbness) ability to speak and interact ● Schizophrenia - disorder confusion a person ● mening/o - meninges (meningitis is inflammation of meninges) what is and is not real ● Psych - mind (psycholog is the study of the mind) CAREERS ● Concuss - violently agitated/shaken (concussion is ● Psychiatrist - diagnoses and treats mental a brain injury due to violent shaking) disorders ● Neurobiologist - studies biology of the nervous system

Nervous System

Special Senses ● Irid - iris (iridectomy is surgically removing part of the iris) Detect what is going around the body and tell the brain ● -cusis - hearing (sociocusis is hearing loss developed over time due to loud noises) DISEASES AND DISORDERS ● -opia - vision condition (esotropia is a ● Deafness - the loss of hearing condition in which eyes turn inward) ● Blindness - the loss of sight ● Ageusia - loss of taste ● ot/o - ear (otoscopes are used to look into ● Anosmia - loss of smell ears) CAREERS ● tympan/o - ear drum (tympanic membrane is ● Ophthalmologist - eye doctor the middle ear) ● Otolaryngologist - ear, nose and throat ● ophthalm/o - eye(ophthalmologists are eye doctor doctors) ● -metry - process of measuring (algometry measures pain sensitivity)

Respiratory ● bronch/o - bronchial tube (bronchitis is inflammation of lining of bronchial tubes) System ● cyan/o - blue ( cyanosis is blue skin due to cold Helps in breathing, external respiration exchanges gases exposure, lack of blood, etc) between lungs & bloodstream;internal respiration exchanges gases between bloodstream & body ● laryng/o - larynx (voice box) (laryngectomy is surgical removal of the larynx) Diseases and Disorders ● Tuberculosis - bacterial disease that mainly affects the ● -oxia - oxygen (hypoxia is when oxygen supply is insufficient) lungs ● Pharyngitis - inflammation of the pharynx due to infection ● pleur/o - pleura (sudden occurence of lancinating ● sinusitis - inflammation of the mucous membranes of the chest pains/abdominal pains) paranasal sinuses ● pneum/o - lung;air (pneumonia is fluid in air sacs ● Pneumonia - inflammation of the lungs due to infection in one/both lungs) CAREERS ● pulmon/o - lung (pulmonary embolism is blocked ● Respiratory therapist - provides healthcare for lungs and arteries in the lungs due to blood clots) is usually in control in code-blue situations ● thorac/o - chest (thoracic region is chest area - ● Pulmonologist - trained to treat diseases and disorders including lungs and heart) of the chest ● trache/o - trachea;windpipe (tracheotomy is an incision in the trachea to relieve an obstruction to breathing)

Cardiovascular System

Cardiovascular ● cardi/o - heart ( cardiomyopathy is a heart disease that makes it hard for the heart to System pump blood) Transport blood,oxygen and nutrients throughout the ● angi/o - blood vessel (angiogram is a body diagnostic test that takes pictures of the blood vessels) Diseases and Disorders ● Arrhythmia - irregular and abnormal heart ● hem/o, hemat/o - blood (hemophilia is a condition in which blood doesn’t clot normally) rate ● Coronary artery disease - narrowing of the ● Brady - slow (bradycardic is slow heart rate) ● Tachy - fast (tachycardic is fast heart rate) arteries ● thromb/o - clot (thrombosis is the formation of ● Cardiac arrest - sudden loss of heart function ● Stroke - interruption of the blood supply to the a clot in a blood vessel) ● -emia - blood condition (hypoglycemia is low brain CAREERS blood sugar) ● leuk/o - white (leukemia is a type of cancer ● Cardiac surgeon - heart surgeon ● Non-invasive cardiologist - detects heart affecting white blood cells) ● erythr/o - red (erythrocyte is a red blood cell) problems without cutting ● arteri/o - artery (arteriosclerosis is plaque build up in the artery walls)

Digestive cholecyst/o - Gallbladder (cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder) System enter/o - intestines (enterocolitis is inflammation of the small intestine and the digestive tract) Breaks down food and absorbs nutrients from it col/o; colon/o - the colon/large intestine (colonoscopy is the endoscopic examination of the colon) Diseases and Disorders hepat/o - liver (hepatitis is inflammation of the liver) ● Hemorrhoids - swollen blood vessels and can be very painful, usually caused by constipation or gastr/o - stomach(gastroparesis when the stomach cannot pregnancy ● Gallstones - when bile forms small, hard deposits get rid of food normally) (these are gallstones) ● Gastroenteritis - infection in the stomach and upper or/o - mouth (orally means to be taken by mouth) part of the small intestine (aka stomach flu) ● Esophageal Carcinoma - cancer in the esophagus -pepsia - digestion(bradypepsia is slow digestion) which makes it hard for food to enter the stomach CAREERS chol/e - bile (cholangitis is infection to bile duct) ● Gastroenterologist - a physician specializing in proct/o - anus/rectom (a proctologist is a person specialized ● diseases of the digestive system in the rectum, colon and anus) General surgeon - operates mostly in the belly area

The Digestive System

Urinary System ● -cele - hernia(arthrocele is a hernia in the capsule of the joints) Filters blood and sends waste products (urine) out of the body ● -lysis - breakdown;separation (hemolysis is the destruction of the red blood cells) Diseases and Disorders ● UTI - urinary tract infection (an infection in any part of ● cyst/o - urinary bladder (cystitis is an infection in the urinary bladder - also a UTI) the urinary route) ● Nephrolithiasis - hard deposits of minerals and ● nephr/o - kidney (nephritis is inflamed kidneys) ● ren/o - kidney (renogram is the image of a crystals that are painful when they pass through the urethras (aka kidney stones) kidney) ● Hydronephrosis - excess fluid in a kidney due to back ● -uria - (condition of the) urine (oliguria is a up of urine ● Kidney Failure - (aka end-stage renal disease) is condition where there is low urine output) when a kidney can no longer do its job of filtering blood ● -pexy - fixation; put into place(fixation of CAREERS displaced ureters) ● Urologist - a physician specializing in diseases of the ● -ectasis - dilation; widening(nephrectasis is the genitourninary system (mix of urinary and reproductive widening of a nerve or a nerve trunk) systems) ● pyel/o - renal pelvis (pyelonephritis is an ● Nephrologist - a physician specializing only in the diagnosis and treatment of kidney diseases and infection in the kidney - a UTI) disorders

Reproductive ● cervic/o - cervix (cervical cancer is a tumor on System the cervix - usually in females) Create offspring ● salping/o - fallopian tube (salpingitis is inflammation of the fallopian-usually from STI) Diseases and Disorders ● STD/STI- Sexually Transmitted Disease/Infection ● ov/o - egg(ovulation is the process of a ovary releasing an egg) ● HIV - (Human immunodeficiency virus) an STD that weakens the body’s ability to fight other viruses and infections catastrophically ● orchid/o - testis(orchidopexy is the removal of a testical due to lack of it decending) ● Uterine Myoma - benign growths on the uterus that occur ● oophor/o - ovary(surgical repair of a ovary) ● Endometriosis - When the tissue that is supposed to grow in uterus ● men/o - menstruation (dysmenorrhea are grows outside of it period cramps) CAREERS ● mamm/o - breast (surgical removal of all or ● Gynecologist - a physician specializing in diseases of the treatment part of a breast) of women and girls usually involving the reproductive system ● gynec/o - female(gynecoid is the female ● Obstetrician - a physician specializing only in the diagnosis and pelvis) treatment of kidney diseases and disorders ● colp/o - vagina (colpodynia is vaginal pain) ● prostat/o - prostate gland(prostatomegaly is enlargement of the prostate glands)