New York Harbor and Approaches ■ Chapter 11 ■ 393 Currents Small-craft facilities (249) At Highlands bridge, the currents have a velocity of (257) There are numerous small-craft facilities at Sea about 2.6 knots. At Sea Bright bridge the velocity is Bright. (See the small-craft facilities tabulation on about 1.6 knots. chart 12324 for services and supplies available.) Ice (258) Pleasure Bay, at the southeast end of Shrewsbury (250) Navigation in Shrewsbury and Navesink Rivers is River, is crossed by a fixed highway bridge with a clear- ance of 25 feet. Branchport is a small town on the east generally suspended because of ice from December to side of Pleasure Bay at the head of navigation. March, inclusive. Supplies Small-craft facilities (251) Gasoline, lubricants, marine supplies, and provi- (259) There are numerous small-craft facilities in Plea- sions can be obtained at most of the towns along the sure Bay. (See the small-craft facilities tabulation on shores of the Shrewsbury and Navesink Rivers. chart 12324 for services and supplies available.) Communications (260) The privately dredged and marked channels in Lit- (252) Railroad, ferry, or bus connects with New York to tle Silver Creek, Town Creek, Oceanport Creek, Parker Creek, and Blackberry Creek had controlling depths of points on the New Jersey coast. about 5 feet in 1965-67. (253) Highlands is a summer resort on the west side of (261) A fixed highway bridge with a clearance of 24 feet Shrewsbury River 1.5 miles inside the entrance. There crosses the westerly part of Shrewsbury River, just east- are good small-craft facilities here. (See the small-craft ward of its junction with Parker and Oceanport Creeks. facilities tabulation on chart 12324 for services and supplies available.) (262) The tributaries that empty into the southeasterly and southwesterly sides of Shrewsbury River are (254) The railroad bridge across Shrewsbury River at crossed by bridges with the following clearances: Highlands is in ruins; caution is advised. The State Manhassett Creek, fixed highway, 6 feet; Troutmans Route 36 highway bridge (Highlands Bridge) 100 yards Creek, fixed highway, 6 feet; Oceanport Creek, Conrail above the railroad bridge has a bascule span with a railroad (Oceanport Bridge) with swing span, 4 feet; clearance of 35 feet. (See 117.1 through 117.59 and and Parker Creek, fixed railroad, 4 feet. (See 117.1 117.755, chapter 2, for drawbridge regulations.) The through 117.59 and 117.736, chapter 2, for draw- fender system from the center pier of the railroad bridge regulations.) bridge to the east side of the highway bascule opening is continuous. The east side of the river northward of (263) The channel in Navesink River is crooked but well the bridge and the west side 0.3 mile southward of the marked by seasonal buoys. The Oceanic highway bridge bridges are used as anchorages for small craft. across the river between Rumson and Locust Point has a bascule span with a clearance of 22 feet. (See 117.1 Caution through 117.59 and 117.734 for drawbridge regula- (255) Caution should be exercised at the junction of the tions.) Shrewsbury and Navesink Rivers, about 0.6 mile south- (264) Rumson is a town on the south side about 1.7 miles ward of the State Route 36 highway bridge at High- above the entrance to Navesink River. Small-craft facil- lands, to avoid the submerged stone jetty. Craft ities just west of the bridge at Rumson can provide entering Navesink River should pass westward of the berths, electricity, gasoline, water, ice, and storage. lighted junction buoy. The submerged jetty is marked Hull and engine repairs can be made, and a 7-ton mo- by three seasonal buoys. bile hoist is available. In May 1981, a reported depth of 5 feet could be carried to the boatyards. (256) The State Route 520 highway bridge (Sea Bright Bridge) over Shrewsbury River between Rumson and (265) Fair Haven is on the south side of Navesink River Sea Bright has a bascule span with a clearance of 15 about 1 mile above the bridge at Rumson. A boatyard feet at the abutment. (See 117.1 through 117.59 and and two yacht clubs are at Fair Haven. The boatyard can 117.755, chapter 2, for drawbridge regulations.) provide berths, electricity, gasoline, water, ice, storage, marine supplies, and hull, engine, and radio repairs; lifts to 15 tons are available. In June-September 1987, a reported depth of about 7 feet could be taken to the boatyard. (266) Red Bank, a town near the head of navigation on the Navesink River, has several small-craft facilities.
394 ■ Chapter 11 ■ Volume 2 (See the small-craft facilities tabulation on chart 12324 (See 110.155 (f) (1), chapter 2, for rules and regula- for services and supplies available.) The town has rail- tions.) road connections with New York. (272) Security zones have been established in the vicin- (267) The dredged channel that extends for 1.5 miles ity of the U.S. Naval Ammunition Depot and Terminal above the landings at Red Bank had a reported mid- Channel. (See 165.1 through 165.7, 165.30, 165.33, channel controlling depth of 2 feet to the second high- and 165.130, chapter 2, for limits and regulations.) way bridge, and thence less than 1 foot for the rest of (273) A restricted area surrounds Terminal Channel, the dredged section in 1985. The channel is privately turning basin, and piers of the U.S. Naval Ammunition marked by buoys and stakes. The Route 35 highway Depot. (See 334.1 through 334.6 and 334.102, chap- bridge crosses the river 4.8 miles above the mouth and ter 2, for limits and regulations.) has a fixed span with a clearance of 12 feet. A railroad (274) A dredged channel, about 0.4 mile eastward of the bridge crosses the river 450 yards southwest of the trestle at Leonardo, leads southward from Sandy Hook Route 35 bridge and has a fixed span with a clearance of Bay to the entrance and basin of a State marina. In July 9 feet. 2007, the controlling depths were 0.8 foot (1.7 feet at midchannel) to the breakwater; thence in 1991-June Charts 12327, 12401, 12402 2002, 2.2 feet at midchannel to the basin; thence in 1983, a reported depth of 6 feet was in the basin. The (268) Atlantic Highlands is a town on the south side of channel is marked by private aids to navigation. Sandy Hook Bay about 2 miles west of Sandy Hook. A (275) Berths, electricity, and water are available in the breakwater, marked by a light at its eastern end, forms basin. A boatyard with a 45-foot marine railway is about an anchorage basin. In August 2008, depths of 4.4 to 8 0.5 mile eastward of the boat basin; complete hull and feet were available in the basin. The entrance to the ba- engine repairs can be made. sin is marked by a private 270° lighted range. (276) Compton Creek, 4 miles westward of Sandy Hook, is used extensively as a harbor of refuge by small fishing (269) The basin is used by numerous pleasure and party craft. The creek is entered through a dredged channel fishing craft. Numerous piles and ruins of former that leads from Sandy Hook Bay, thence through Bel- wharves are westward of the basin. ford (Shoal) Harbor, and thence to about 0.4 mile above the mouth. In May 2008, the midchannel con- Small-craft facilities trolling depth was 10.4 feet to the turn in the channel (270) Small-craft facilities in the basin can provide at 40°26'02\"N., 74°04'47\"W., thence 1.9 feet (2.7 feet at midchannel) except shoaling to 0.5 foot within 40 feet berths, electricity, gasoline, diesel fuel, water, ice, stor- of the head of the project. The entrance channel is age, marine supplies, launching ramps, pump-out sta- marked by lighted and unlighted buoys. A passenger tion and hull and engine repair; mobile lifts up to 50 ferry terminal is located on the east side of the channel tons are available. with service to Manhattan. The creek is navigable by small boats for about 1 mile. Several fixed bridges over (271) Terminal Channel, entered from Sandy Hook the creek have a minimum clearance of 2 feet. A sea- Channel about 1 mile west-southwestward of Sandy sonal auxiliary marine police station is on the east side Hook, leads south-southwestward to a turning basin of the creek. and to two deepwater ammunition handling piers of (277) A boatyard is on the south side of Compton Creek the U.S. Naval Ammunition Depot at Leonardo, N.J., a about 0.45 mile above the mouth. Marine supplies, hull town on the south side of Sandy Hook Bay. Federal pro- and engine repair facilities, and a 90-foot marine rail- ject depth is 45 feet in the channel and turning basin way are available. A town dock, supervised by a except around piers 2 and 3 where the project depth is dockmaster, is just downriver of the boatyard. 35 feet. (See Notice to Mariners and latest editions of (278) Port Monmouth, a village at the head of Compton the charts for controlling depths.) The channel is Creek, is a shipping point for fresh fish, shellfish, and marked by a private 207°30' lighted range and by inedible animal products. Several private landings and lighted and unlighted buoys. A dredged and marked a town landing are available. side channel leads southward from the southeastern (279) Pews Creek, about 1 mile northwest of Compton end of the turning basin to an ammunition barge-load- Creek, is marked at the entrance by a private light. In ing pier; depths of about 11 feet can be carried to and May 1981, it was reported that 3½ feet could be carried alongside the pier. The deepwater piers and barge pier to a marina in the creek. Berths with electricity, gaso- are connected to the shore by a trestle that extends 1.6 line, water, ice, marine supplies, a pump-out station, miles across the flats from Leonardo. The waters adja- storage, a 15-ton lift, a 40-foot marine railway, and hull cent to the piers and trestle are prohibited to navigation.
New York Harbor and Approaches ■ Chapter 11 ■ 395 and engine repairs are available. A highway bridge Pilotage, Raritan River and Arthur Kill crosses the creek about 0.2 mile above the mouth and (287) Pilotage for ports in the States of New York and has a 31-foot fixed span with a clearance of 12 feet. (280) Staten Island forms the northwest side of Lower New Jersey is compulsory for foreign vessels and U.S. Bay. The high wooded ridge of the island has elevations vessels under register. Pilotage for vessels bound for of 100 to over 400 feet. South Beach and Midland Perth Amboy, South Amboy, or up the Raritan River Beach are summer resorts and amusement areas on and Arthur Kill is available from the United New York the southeast side of the island. A public pier for New Jersey Sandy Hook Pilot Association. Pilotage is small-craft is located between the resorts. also available from the Interport Pilots Agency, Inc. See (281) Staten Island Flats are extensive shoals making off Pilotage, New York Harbor and Approaches (indexed as from the southeast side of Staten Island. Parts of these such) earlier this chapter. flats are Old Orchard Shoal and West Bank, which bor- der on the main channel up the bay. Hoffman Island Towage and Swinburne Island (see also chart 12349), artificial (288) Tugs are used by the larger vessels and are available islands on West Bank, are part of Gateway National Recreation Area; landing is not permitted. A channel, in New York. (See Towage, New York Harbor, discussed used by local vessels of less than 8-foot draft, leads earlier in this chapter.) westward of West Bank. From the gong buoy 0.6 mile (289) Customs, quarantine, immigration, and agricul- southward of Fort Wadsworth, steer southwestward tural quarantine inspections are discussed earlier in through the dredged channel and then steer a course this chapter under New York Harbor. for Old Orchard Shoal Light. Supplies Charts 12331, 12327 (290) Water can be had at most of the wharves in Perth Amboy and South Amboy. Provisions and marine sup- plies can be had at Perth Amboy, Tottenville, New Brunswick, and South Amboy. (282) Raritan Bay is that part of Lower Bay lying west- Chart 12331 ward of Point Comfort and southward of Staten Island. The bay is full of shoals with depths of 7 to 18 feet. (291) Great Kills Harbor, a shallow bight on the south side of Staten Island northwestward of Old Orchard Channels Shoal Light, is used as an anchorage by small craft. The (283) A Federal project provides for a 35-foot channel ex- harbor is entered through a dredged channel that leads from deep water in Lower New York Bay along the tending through Lower Bay, the northern part of southwesterly side of Crookes Point, thence along the Raritan Bay, to the junction with Arthur Kill. (See No- westerly side of the harbor to the head. In June 2008, tice to Mariners and latest editions of the charts for the controlling depths were 5.9 feet to a point abeam controlling depths.) the southern tip of Crookes Point, thence shoaling to bare across the channel at Buoy 6, thence 3.9 feet at Anchorages midchannel to the mouth of the harbor with shoaling (284) General anchorages are in Raritan Bay. (See 110.1 to 0.5 foot along the easterly side, thence 8.8 feet in the harbor channel to the head of the project. Greater and 110.155 (j) chapter 2, for limits and regulations.) depths are available outside the channel; the chart is the best guide. The channel is marked by buoys and a Tides light. Great Kills Light (40°31.3'N., 74°07.9'W.), 35 feet (285) The mean range of tide in Raritan Bay is about 5 above the water, is shown from a skeleton tower with a red and white diamond-shaped daymark on a red con- feet. crete base east of the channel entrance. Ice Anchorage (286) In ordinary winters ice does not seriously interfere (292) A special anchorage is in Great Kills Harbor. (See with navigation in Raritan River or Arthur Kill, but in 110.1 and 110.6 (r-1), chapter 2, for limits and regu- severe winters the ice sometimes prevents the move- lations.) ments of vessels for periods of 2 weeks at a time. In easterly winds the drift ice in Lower Bay collects in Raritan Bay and obstructs navigation, but usually only for a short time, as the prevailing westerly winds drive the ice out of the bay.
396 ■ Chapter 11 ■ Volume 2 (293) Great Kills, on the west side of Great Kills Harbor, Greater depths are available with local knowledge. (See has several small-craft facilities with berths, electricity, chart 12327.) Three fixed bridges, one railroad and two gasoline, diesel fuel, water, ice, storage, and marine highway, cross the creek; least clearances are 49 feet supplies. A public launching ramp is located in the horizontal and 6 feet vertical. Least clearance of over- northeast corner of the harbor. head power cables crossing the creek is 54 feet. (302) Keyport is a town on the east side of the entrance to (294) Lemon Creek, 0.2 mile westward of Seguine Point, Matawan Creek. is a narrow shallow stream used only by local boats which enter at high water. The midchannel controlling Small-craft facilities depth over the bar is about 2 feet with deeper water in- (303) There are several small-craft facilities on Matawan side. The abutment of a former bridge is on the south side of the creek just inside the mouth. Overhead power Creek and on the southeast side of Keyport Harbor at cables crossing the creek at the bridge abutment have a Keyport. Berths with electricity, gasoline, diesel fuel, clearance of 47 feet. water, ice, marine supplies, sewage pump-out, lifts to 30 tons, marine railways to 40 feet, and complete hull (295) A small marina on the creek can haul out craft up and engine repairs are available. Vessels proceed to the to 8 tons for minor engine and hull repairs; berths, small-craft facilities at Keyport at high water. electricity, water, ice, and outside storage are available. Tide (296) A prominent tower of a former lighthouse with a (304) The mean range of tide is about 5 feet. statue on top is on the south side of Staten Island, 0.8 mile westward of Seguine Point. Prominent buildings (305) A privately dredged channel, about 25 feet wide in are near the point at Red Bank, 0.3 mile southwestward places, leads about 0.3 mile southwesterly from the of the tower. mouth of Matawan Creek to a marina basin at the en- trance to Luppatatong Creek. In May 1981, a reported (297) Keansburg, on Point Comfort on the south side of depth of 4 feet was available to the marina. Raritan Bay, is a summer resort. The wharves on the west side of Point Comfort are in ruins and no longer (306) Cheesequake Creek and Stump Creek, sharing a used. common entrance and leading southwesterly and southeasterly, respectively, are on the south side of (298) A special anchorage is adjacent to the amusement Raritan Bay 6 miles westward of Point Comfort. The en- pier. (See 110.1 and 110.6 (z), for limits and regula- trance is between two stone jetties. The east jetty is tions.) awash at high water. The outer ends of jetties are marked by a light. A dredged channel leads between the (299) Waackaack Creek and Thorns Creek, about 0.6 jetties to the Conrail railroad bridge about 0.3 mile mile southwest of Point Comfort, have a common en- above the jetties. In June 2008, the controlling depth trance protected by floodgates. The gates are lowered, was 1.4 feet. In 1987, the reported controlling depth thereby closing the harbor, when tides above 4½ feet was 3½ feet in Stump Creek. are sustained for a period of time. An overhead power cable with a clearance of 32 feet crosses the creek en- Tide trance at the floodgates. Small-craft facilities on (307) The mean range of tide is about 5 feet. Thorns Creek provide berths, electricity, ice, water, gasoline, marine supplies, and a 20-ton forklift and a (308) Local boats from Lower Bay usually head for a 12-ton mobile hoist for hull and engine repairs. In May point about 1.6 miles east-northeastward of the jetties, 1982, the channels into the creeks were reported and then shape a course to enter between the jetties at dredged to 7 feet. the entrance to Cheesequake and Stump Creeks. (300) Keyport Harbor, 3 miles westward of Point Com- Caution fort, is a shallow harbor on the south side of Raritan (309) Caution should be exercised to avoid the sunken Bay between Conaskonk Point and Matawan Point. A buoyed approach channel leads southward from the wrecks, 0.2 mile eastward of the east jetty. bay to a dredged marked channel that leads through the harbor to the mouth of Matawan Creek. In June (310) The State Route 35 highway bridge, 0.2 mile inside 2008, the dredged channel had a controlling depth of the jetties, has a bascule span with a clearance of 25 3.0 feet (5.9 feet at midchannel). feet. The overhead power cable just north of the bridge has a clearance of 89 feet. The Conrail bridge, 0.3 mile (301) Matawan Creek, entered at the head of Keyport inside the jetties, has a bascule span with a clearance of Harbor, is used mostly by local craft. In June 2008, the controlling depth was 3.8 feet to the first highway bridge, thence 2.0 feet to the Route 35 highway bridge, thence in 1981, 2 feet to shoaling to bare was reported to the railroad bridge about 1.5 miles above the mouth.
New York Harbor and Approaches ■ Chapter 11 ■ 397 3 feet. The bridgetender monitors VHF-FM channel 13; Channels call sign KT-3859. (See 117.1 through 117.59 and (314) Vessels enter Raritan River from the east by way of 117.709, chapter 2, for drawbridge regulations.) The twin fixed highway bridges over Cheesequake Creek, Great Beds Reach and from the north by way of Arthur 1.1 miles inside the jetties, have clearances of 16 feet. Kill via Raritan River Cutoff Channel. A Federal project (311) Laurence Harbor is a summer resort on the east provides for a 20-foot channel in Raritan River Cutoff, a side of Stump Creek, and Morgan is a settlement on the 25-foot channel from Great Beds Reach in Raritan Bay west side of Cheesequake Creek. to the head of Red Root Reach about 1.9 miles above Garden State Parkway bridge, and thence a 15-foot Small-craft facilities channel to the junction with Washington Canal. (See (312) There are small-craft facilities that can provide Notice to Mariners and latest editions of the charts for controlling depths.) Above Washington Canal, the con- berths with electricity, gasoline, diesel fuel, water, ice, trolling depth in Raritan River was about 9 feet at marine supplies, a pump-out station, storage facilities, midchannel to New Brunswick in 1962. lifts to 35 tons, and a 50-foot marine railway; complete (315) A dredged channel in Titanium Reach and South hull and engine repairs are available. Channel branches south from Raritan River about 0.6 mile above Garden State Parkway bridge. The Federal Chart 12332 project depths are 25 feet in Titanium Reach and 15 to 10 feet in South Channel to Crossman Dock. (See No- (313) Raritan River empties into the western end of tice to Mariners and latest editions of the charts for Raritan Bay between Perth Amboy and South Amboy. controlling depths.) In 1991, the channels were not be- The channel from South Amboy to New Brunswick is ing maintained near project depth and the project 11 miles long and very crooked, but is well marked with above Crossman Dock was not being maintained. navigational aids. Waterborne commerce on the river (316) A dredged channel in Washington Canal branches is in coal, ore, and petroleum products. south from Raritan River about 4.3 miles above Garden State Parkway bridge and connects with South River. A
398 ■ Chapter 11 ■ Volume 2 dredged channel leads south for about 3.4 miles in port is in fuel oils, coal, sand, and gravel. Depths along- South River. In 1961, the midchannel controlling side the wharves and piers range from about 6 to 30 depths were 12 feet in Washington Canal, thence 10 feet. Water, provisions, and marine supplies can be ob- feet in South River to the first highway bridge, thence 8 tained here, and berths with electricity, water, ice, and feet for about 1 mile, thence ½ foot to a point 800 yards winter dry storage are available at a boat club. north of the highway bridge at Old Bridge. (321) Sayreville is 6 miles above South Amboy on the (317) A sunken drydock, marked by a light, is on the east south bank of the Raritan River. Most of the wharves side of the river, 1.5 miles above the Garden State Park- are privately owned. way fixed bridge. The wreck extends 60 feet into the (322) South River is a town on the west side of South channel and is visible at all stages of the tide. River 7.5 miles above South Amboy. A marina about 200 yards north of the highway bridge at Old Bridge Bridges provides berths, water, marine supplies, a 2-ton lift, and (318) Several drawbridges and fixed bridges cross engine repairs. In May 1981, a reported depth of about 1 foot could be carried to the marina. Raritan River and South River. The distances above the (323) The Delaware and Raritan Canal, closed to naviga- mouth of the Raritan River and clearances follow: tion since 1933, had its entrance to the Raritan River at ConRail bridge with center-pier swing span, 0.4 mile, 8 New Brunswick. feet, overhead power cable at the bridge has a clearance (324) Highland Park is across Raritan River opposite of 140 feet; Victory Highway Bridge, 1.6 miles, fixed New Brunswick. In 1981, a reported depth of about 3½ span with a clearance of 110 feet; Thomas Edison Me- feet was available from the head of the Federal project morial Bridge with high-level fixed span, 1.9 miles, 135 to Highland Park, the practical head of navigation. feet. In 1999, a second span was under construction ad- jacent to and just west of the existing Thomas Edison Charts 12333, 12331 Bridge. The new bridge will have a fixed span with a de- sign clearance of 110 feet. Garden State Parkway with (325) Arthur Kill is the narrow body of water separating fixed span, 2 miles, 135 feet; overhead power cable near Staten Island from New Jersey. The cities of Perth Crab Island, 5.2 miles, 128 feet; New Jersey Turnpike Amboy, Tottenville, Elizabeth, many large factories, with fixed span, 8.7 miles, 45 feet; overhead power ca- and oil refineries and storage facilities are on its shores. bles, 8.9 miles, 114 feet; and U.S. Highway No. 1 Bridge Northern Arthur Kill and Kill Van Kull are the major with two fixed spans, 9.6 miles, 90 feet. The highway channels for bulk, containerized, and petroleum cargo bridge over South River at the town of South River has in New York Harbor. a fixed span with a clearance of 25 feet. The railroad bridge, 0.4 mile upstream, has a swing span with a Channels clearance of 4 feet. (See 117.1 through 117.59, (326) Federal project depth in Arthur Kill is 35 feet ex- 117.747, and 117.756, chapter 2, for drawbridge reg- ulations.) In January 1987, the fender system of the cept for the Elizabethport Reach which is 41 feet. (See south draw of the ConRail swing bridge sustained sig- Notice to Mariners and latest editions of charts for con- nificant damage and may be protruding into the chan- trolling depths.) nel. Mariners are advised to exercise caution and navigate the north draw only. Mariners are requested to Caution avoid bridge openings of this bridge during peak com- (327) Numerous sunken and visible wrecks are adjacent muter hours of 0700 to 0815 and 1700 to 1815, Monday through Friday. The bridgetender monitors VHF-FM to both sides of the channel in Arthur Kill; caution is channel 13; call sign KT-4204. advised. Tides and currents (328) A liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) facility is on the (319) The mean range of tide is about 5 feet at South west side of Arthur Kill immediately south of Morses Creek. A moving safety zone has been established Amboy, 5.8 feet at New Brunswick, and 5.5 feet at the around loaded LPG vessels transiting between Scotland highway bridge on South River at the town of South Lighted Whistle Buoy S at the entrance to Sandy Hook River. (For predictions, consult the Tide Tables.) The Channel and the LPG facility. (See 165.1 through tidal current has a velocity of about 1.5 knots at the Vic- 165.7, 165.20 through 165.25, and 165.160, chapter tory Highway Bridge at Perth Amboy. 2, for limits and regulations.) (320) South Amboy is a city on the south side of the en- trance to Raritan River. Waterborne commerce at the
New York Harbor and Approaches ■ Chapter 11 ■ 399 Anchorages 1999, a reported depth of 26 feet was alongside the (329) General anchorages are in Arthur Kill. (See 110.1 south half of the dock with 15 to 21 feet reported along- side the north half. and 110.155 (i), chapter 2, for limits and regulations.) (339) Smith Creek enters Arthur Kill from northward about 3.3 miles above Ward Point. The entrance chan- Tides and currents nel is privately marked by buoys. In 1981, a reported (330) The mean range of tide in Arthur Kill is about 5 depth of 3 feet was available to just above the first bend in the channel. The creek is used principally by small feet. Throughout Arthur Kill the flood sets from craft. Raritan Bay to Newark Bay and the ebb in reverse direc- tion. Velocities of current vary with the location from Small-craft facilities about 1 to 1.5 knots. (340) Several small-craft facilities are along Smith (331) In October 1991, tidal currents in Arthur Kill were reported to deviate significantly from official predictions Creek. Berths with electricity, gasoline, water, ice, ma- published by the National Ocean Service. Mariners rine railways to 40 feet, and partial hull and engine re- should exercise caution and discretion in the use of pairs are available. published tidal current predictions. Chart 12331 (341) Port Reading, 4.5 miles above Ward Point on the north side of Arthur Kill, has several oil storage facili- (332) Perth Amboy is on the point at the junction of ties. Depths of 18 to 36 feet are reported alongside. Raritan River and Arthur Kill at the western end of Raritan Bay. The principal wharves are along the west (342) Fresh Kills enters Arthur Kills from eastward bank of Arthur Kill. The greatest draft entering is about about 6 miles above Ward Point. Fresh Kills is used as a 30 feet. The wharves have depths of 14 to 30 feet along- New York City garbage landfill and is closed to all navi- side. Good anchorage is found abreast some wharves in gation except garbage scows. 30 feet. Chart 12333 Anchorage (343) Rahway River enters Arthur Kill from westward, (333) A special anchorage is south of Perth Amboy. (See about 7.2 miles above Ward Point, and extends westward for about 4.5 miles to the town of Rahway. It is used 110.1 and 110.60 (aa), chapter 2, for limits and regu- only by small craft. In May 1981, a reported depth of 5 lations.) feet could be taken to Lamberts Wharf about 2.1 miles (334) Perth Amboy is a customs port of entry. above the mouth and about 0.5 mile above the New Jer- sey Turnpike bridge. Repairs (335) Several ship and boat repair yards are in Perth (344) Name or location, type of span, distance above mouth, and clearances of the bridges over Rahway Amboy. Small-craft engine and hull repairs can be River are as follows: East Rahway, bascule, 1.7 miles, 6 made. feet; Linden and Carteret, fixed, 1.8 miles, 36 feet; Law- rence Street, fixed, 3.8 miles, 6 feet; U.S. Route 1/9, Supplies fixed, 3.9 miles, 23 feet; Milton Avenue, fixed 42-foot (336) Diesel oil, diesel fuel, gasoline, water, lubricants, span, 4.2 miles, 4 feet; Monroe Avenue, fixed 30-foot span, 4.4 miles, 7 feet. (See 117.1 through 117.59 and and marine supplies are available at Perth Amboy. 117.743, chapter 2, for drawbridge regulations.) (337) Outerbridge Crossing Bridge, 1.7 miles above Ward (345) An overhead power cable with a clearance of 165 Point, has a fixed span with a clearance of 143 feet across feet crosses Arthur Kill about 1.7 miles north of the Arthur Kill between Perth Amboy and Tottenville. A Rahway River entrance. racon and private fog signal are at the bridge. A marina at Tottenville provides berths, electricity, water, storage (346) The Goethals Bridge, 10 miles above Ward Point, facilities, and a 15-ton mobile hoist for do-it-yourself has a fixed span with a clearance of 137 feet over Arthur repairs. In May 1981, a reported depth of about 5 feet Kill just southward of Elizabethport. The railroad could be carried to the facility. bridge, 200 yards above Goethals Bridge, has a vertical lift span with a clearance of 31 feet down and 135 feet (338) Port Socony, on the east side of Arthur Kill 2.9 up. The bridgetender at the railroad bridge monitors miles above Ward Point, is a bulk oil storage terminal. A VHF-FM channel 13; call sign KXS-237. privately maintained dredged channel leads from the main channel in Arthur Kill to the oil company dock. In
400 ■ Chapter 11 ■ Volume 2 (347) Elizabethport, about 11 miles above Ward Point, is extensive through traffic and large factories on its the eastern part of the city of Elizabeth. It is at the shores. northern end of Arthur Kill at its junction with Newark Bay. Channels (351) A Federal project provides for a 45-foot dredged (348) Most of the wharves along the Elizabeth waterfront are of the bulkhead-marginal type. Depths alongside channel leading through Kill Van Kull and a 41-foot range from 3 to 32 feet. Waterborne commerce at these dredged channel north of Shooters Island to Arthur wharves is in petroleum, sand and gravel, chemicals Kill. The dredged channel south of Shooters Island has and petrochemicals, and vegetable and animal oils. a project depth of 30 feet. (See Notice to Mariners and latest editions of charts for controlling depths.) (349) Elizabeth River enters Arthur Kill from westward at Elizabethport. The overhead power cable just above (352) Shoals, obstructions, and numerous wrecks are the entrance has a reported clearance of 23 feet. South along both sides of the dredged channel in Kill Van Front Street Bridge, just above the mouth of the river, Kull. Numerous sunken and visible wrecks are in the has a bascule span with a clearance of 3 feet; South channel southward of Shooters Island; caution is ad- First Street Bridge, 0.5 mile above the mouth has a bas- vised. Kill Van Kull channel, between Newark Bay and cule span with a clearance of 5 feet; and Elizabethport the Upper Bay of New York Harbor, is a regulated navi- railroad bridge, 0.8 mile above the mouth, has a bas- gation area. (See 165.1 through 165.13, and 165.165, cule span with a clearance of 14 feet. (See 117.1 chapter 2, for limits and regulations.) through 117.59 and 117.719, chapter 2, for draw- bridge regulations.) The bridges above the railroad (353) Bayonne Bridge, a fixed span with a minimum bridge have a least clearance of 3 feet. clearance of 138 feet over the channel (151 feet center- line), crosses Kill Van Kull from just east of Bergen (350) Kill Van Kull separates the southern shore of the Point, the southwestern end of the city of Bayonne, and city of Bayonne from Staten Island and connects the connects with Staten Island. Upper Bay of New York Harbor with Newark Bay and Ar- thur Kill. Kill Van Kull is a major channel for petro- leum and bulk cargo in New York Harbor, and has
New York Harbor and Approaches ■ Chapter 11 ■ 401 Tides and currents Anchorages (354) The mean range of tide in Kill Van Kull is about 4.5 (361) General and special anchorages are in Newark Bay. feet. The flood current sets westward and the ebb east- (See 110.1, 110.60 (q), (r), and 110.155 (h), chapter ward. In the bight on the south side of the channel be- 2, for limits and regulations.) tween West New Brighton and Port Richmond there is more or less of an eddy when the current is at strength. Tides (355) In October 1991, tidal currents in Kill Van Kull (362) The mean range of tide in Newark Bay is about 5 were reported to deviate significantly from official pre- dictions published by the National Ocean Service. Mar- feet. iners should exercise caution and discretion in the use of published tidal current predictions. Ice (363) Ice sometimes closes navigation during a part of (356) Constable Hook and Port Johnson, on the north shore of Kill Van Kull, are parts of the city of Bayonne. January and February. They are commercially important for the shipment of petroleum and other products. A dredged channel 23 (364) The Port Elizabeth Marine Terminal operated by feet deep, marked by buoys, leads from the easterly end the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, is on of Kill Van Kull to the wharf on the north side of Con- Newark Bay in Elizabeth, N.J., on the south side of Eliz- stable Hook. abeth Channel south of Port Newark. The facility is about 8 miles from The Narrows via Kill Van Kull. It is (357) Several private yacht and boat clubs, and a public adjacent to the New Jersey Turnpike and Newark Air- marina are on the southwestern shore of Bayonne port in the heart of the New Jersey industrial area, above Bergen Point. A 90-ton crane at the marina can about 25 minutes by highway from Manhattan. haul out craft for engine and hull repairs; berths, elec- tricity, gasoline, water, ice, and marine supplies are (365) The terminal has 25 deep-draft berths with depths available. of 32 to 40 feet reported alongside, and deck heights of 12 feet. In 1996, a rock with 36 feet of water over it was (358) New Brighton, Port Richmond, and Mariners Har- reported in about 40°40'26.6\"N., 74°7'57.1\"W., about bor are on the south shore of Kill Van Kull. The largest 200 yards NNE of Buoy 14. of several shipyards and floating drydocks on the south shore can handle vessels up to 6,400 tons, 400 feet long, (366) A large container-handling complex with extensive 85 feet wide, and 26 feet in draft. All kinds of repairs can lift-on/lift-off and roll-on/roll-off systems is at the ter- be made. minal. Included in this complex are cranes up to 50 tons, mobile straddle carriers with 32-ton capacities, Charts 12333, 12337 cargo-handling buildings with more than 1-million square feet of storage space, and a large area for open (359) Newark Bay has a length of about 4 miles from Kill storage. ConRail provides the terminal with direct rail Van Kull to the junction of the two channels leading to services. Excellent cargo handling and storage facilities Passaic and Hackensack Rivers. The greater part of the are available. bay is very shoal, but a dredged channel leads through the bay to the rivers. The channel is well marked by Channels lights and buoys. Strangers in small vessels should (367) Federal project depth in Elizabeth Channel, lead- have no difficulty when using the chart as a guide. Deep-draft vessels should employ a pilot. ing to the terminal from the main channel in Newark Bay, is 45 feet. (See Notice to Mariners and latest edi- Channels tions of charts for controlling depths.) (360) Federal project depth in the main channel to about (368) Port Newark Terminal, operated by the Port Au- 0.3 mile north of the branch channel to the Port Eliza- thority of New York and New Jersey, is on the western beth Marine Terminal is 45 feet, thence 35 feet to the side of Newark Bay 2.7 miles above the south entrance, junction of Passaic and Hackensack Rivers. (See Notice northward of the Port Elizabeth Marine Terminal. It is to Mariners and latest editions of charts for controlling in the heart of the New Jersey industrial area, adjacent depths.) to the New Jersey Turnpike and Newark Airport. There are 37 deep-draft berths; reported depths alongside, 32 to 35 feet; deck heights, 11 to 12 feet; many transit and storage areas and excellent cargo handling facilities, used for the receipt and shipment of general cargo, metals, vegetable oils, petroleum, automobiles and ma- chinery, and for the receipt of bananas, rubber
402 ■ Chapter 11 ■ Volume 2 products, lumber and pulpwood, and chemicals. minimum clearance of the bridges with fixed spans is ConRail provides the terminal with direct rail service. 15 feet at the Union Avenue Bridge, 13.2 miles above the mouth. In 1980, the draws of the railroad bridge at Channels Arlington, 7.2 miles above the mouth, were so re- (369) Federal project depth in Port Newark Channel and stricted that mariners were advised to utilize the west fixed span, clearance 35 feet. The minimum clearance Port Newark Pierhead Channel, leading to the terminal of the bridges with drawspans is 7 feet. (See 117.1 from the main channel in Newark Bay, is 40 feet. (See through 117.59 and 117.739, chapter 2, for draw- Notice to Mariners and latest editions of charts for con- bridge regulations.) The bridgetenders at the railroad trolling depths.) drawbridges 2.3, 4.3, 5.0, 7.0, and 10.2 miles above the entrance monitor VHF-FM channel 13. The call signs (370) The New Jersey Turnpike (Interstate 78) bridge, 0.7 for the railroad bridges at mile 2.3 and mile 4.3 are mile above the entrance to Port Newark Terminal, has a KR-6938 and WRY-593, respectively. The Second Street fixed span with a clearance of 135 feet. The railroad and Eighth Street bascule span highway bridges and bridge, 0.2 mile above the New Jersey Turnpike bridge, the Gregory Avenue swing span highway bridge at has a vertical-lift span with a clearance of 35 feet down Passaic remain in the closed position with a clearance and 135 feet up. (See 117.1 through 117.59 and of 5 feet for the bascule spans and 12 feet for the swing 117.735, chapter 2, for drawbridge regulations.) The span. The fixed highway bridge between Passaic and bridgetender at the railroad bridge monitors VHF-FM Garfield has a clearance of 5 feet. The minimum clear- channel 13; call sign KS–9968. ance of the cables over Passaic River is 135 feet. (375) The center pier and approach spans of a former (371) A marina on the east side of Newark Bay about 0.9 railroad swing bridge remain in Passaic River channel mile above the New Jersey Turnpike bridge provides about 1.1 miles above the mouth. An obstruction, cov- berths, gasoline, diesel fuel, water, electricity, ice, stor- ered 15 feet, was reported in the channel east of the age, marine supplies, and a 25-ton lift; hull and engine center pier. Mariners should use extreme caution when repairs can be made. passing between the former bridge remains. In 1981, the unused railroad swing bridge at Harrison was re- Chart 12337 portedly being maintained in the open position. (372) Passaic River, which flows into the northwest end Tides of Newark Bay, is used by vessels to Passaic, a manufac- (376) The mean range of tide in Passaic River from the turing city at the head of navigation 13 miles above the mouth. Above the Wall Street bridge at Passaic the mouth to Passaic is about 5 feet. river is obstructed by boulders partly showing above the water for 1.5 miles to the Dundee Dam. The city of (377) Freshets overcome the flood current down as far as Newark extends along the river for a distance of nearly Newark and sometimes to the mouth of the river. Ordi- 5 miles above the mouth. The towns of Belleville, nary freshets usually of a few hours duration cause a Arlington, Rutherford, and Nutley, and several villages rise of about 2 feet and a current velocity of about 3 are on the river between Newark and Passaic. The chan- knots at Newark. Destructive freshets occasionally oc- nel entrance is well marked. Waterborne commerce on cur at intervals of years, generally in the spring and fall. the river consists of barge shipments of sand, gravel, and petroleum products. Small-craft facilities (378) There are several boatyards along the Passaic River Channels (373) A Federal project provides for a 30-foot channel between the entrance and Passaic. A marine railway at Arlington can handle vessels to 40 feet long for com- from Newark Bay to a point about 0.5 mile above the plete engine and hull repairs. Berths, electricity, gaso- Lincoln Highway Bridge; thence 20 feet to the Jackson line, water, ice, storage, and marine supplies are Street bridge; thence 16 feet to the ConRail bridge at available along the river below Kearny. Arlington; thence 10 feet to the Eighth Street Bridge at Passaic. (See Notice to Mariners and latest editions of (379) Hackensack River flows into the northeast end of charts for controlling depths.) Newark Bay and is navigable for about 17.8 miles to the dams at New Milford. Bridges (374) More than 20 draw and fixed bridges cross the Passaic River between the mouth and Passaic. The
New York Harbor and Approaches ■ Chapter 11 ■ 403 Channels mariners are requested to give 1 hour advance notice (380) A Federal project provides for a 30-foot channel by calling 201-963-2552. from Newark Bay to a 25-foot turning basin about 0.3 Tides and currents mile above the ConRail bridge at Marion. (See Notice to (384) The mean range of tide is about 5 feet at the mouth Mariners and latest editions of charts for controlling depths.) Above this point in January-February 1971, of Hackensack River, 5.3 feet at Little Ferry, and 5.3 feet depths of 11 feet were available for varying widths with at Hackensack. (See the Tide Tables for predictions.) local knowledge to the N.Y.S. & W.R.R. bridge at The river has little freshet flow, and the tidal currents Hackensack, 14.2 miles above the mouth. The channel are rarely affected by it. is well marked with aids. Small-craft facilities Bridges (385) There are several boatyards and marinas on the (381) More than 15 draw and fixed bridges cross the Hackensack River at Little Ferry and at Carlstadt, op- Hackensack River between the mouth and Hackensack. posite Secaucus. A mobile hoist at Carlstadt can handle The minimum clearance of the bridges with fixed spans boats to 50 tons, and a marine railway can handle craft is 35 feet at the State Route 46 bridge at Little Ferry to 32 feet long for complete engine and hull repairs. about 11.5 miles above the mouth. The minimum Berths, electricity, gasoline, water, ice, storage, and clearance of the bridges with drawspans is 2 feet at marine supplies are available. Hackensack, 14.2 miles above the mouth. (See 117.1 through 117.59 and 117.723, chapter 2, for draw- (386) Berrys Creek Canal flows into the Hackensack bridge regulations.) The fixed bridges above Hacken- River from westward 6.8 miles above the mouth. A sack have a minimum clearance of 2 feet. The midchannel depth of about 11 feet is available to the minimum clearance of the cables over Hackensack bridge about 1 mile above the entrance. Two fixed high- River to Hackensack is 89 feet; thence 26 feet to the way bridges with a least clearance of 35 feet cross the dams at New Milford. creek just above the entrance. The bridge about 1 mile (382) In September 1980, the fender system of the Court above the entrance has a clearance of 40 feet, and the Street swing bridge 14.1 miles above the mouth was re- overhead power cable close southward of the bridge has ported to be in poor condition. Mariners should exercise a clearance of 45 feet. The overhead power cable 0.8 caution when transiting the bridge. Only one barge at a mile upstream from the bridge has a clearance of 54 time should transit the bridge. feet. (383) The railroad drawbridges over the Hackensack River are equipped with radiotelephones. The bridge- (387) Overpeck Creek flows into the Hackensack River tenders monitor VHF-FM channel 13. The call signs of from eastward 11.1 miles above the mouth. The bridges the railroad bridges, identified by mileage above the at the entrance have bascule and swing spans with a mouth, follow: mile 2.6, KQ-7198; mile 2.9, KR-6939; minimum clearance of 3 feet. (See 117.1 through mile 4.4, KMC-297; mile 4.7, KR-6972; mile 6.0, 117.59 and 117.738, chapter 2, for drawbridge regula- KR-7035; and mile 6.7, KR-7034. To expedite opening tions.) A dam, about 0.8 mile above the mouth, forms of the ConRail bridge 2.6 miles above the entrance, the head of navigation on the creek.
404 ■ Chapter 12 ■ Volume 2
Hudson River ■ Chapter 12 ■ 405 Hudson River (1) This chapter describes the Hudson River from New Channels York City to Troy, N.Y., and includes the principal cities (7) The lower Hudson River has depths of 43 feet or of Yonkers, Newburgh, Poughkeepsie, Kingston, and Albany. more in midchannel from deep water in Upper New York Bay off Ellis Island to the upper limit of New York (2) Mileages shown in this chapter for the Hudson City’s major wharves at 59th Street, about 5.3 miles River as Mile 0.9E, Mile 12W, etc., are the nautical above the entrance. Above this point, the Federal pro- miles above The Battery; the letters N, S, E, and W de- ject depth is 32 feet to Albany, except for that section of note by compass points the side of the river where each the channel along the New Jersey Weehawken- feature is located. Mile 0.0 is a point at the mouth of the Edgewater waterfront between 85th Street and 156th Hudson River in 40°42.1'N., 74°01.5'W. Street, Manhattan, where the project depth is 30 feet. (See Notice to Mariners and latest editions of charts for (3) It is to be understood that the mileages given are controlling depths.) approximations. The values are not intended to be fi- nite. The intended degree of accuracy is only supposed Seasonal buoyage to be enough to put the user of the chart into the gen- (8) The lighted buoys marking the Hudson River chan- eral vicinity of the cited object, for the purpose of locat- ing the object. nel are replaced during the winter by smaller lighted ice buoys or unlighted buoys. Charts 12335, 12341, 12345-12346, 12343, Bridges 12347-12348 (9) The bridges over Hudson River from New York to (4) Hudson River, sometimes called North River in Albany have either fixed or suspension spans. New York City, has its source in the Adirondack Moun- (10) The limiting bridge clearance over the lower Hud- tains, about 275 miles along its course from a junction with East River at The Battery, N.Y., and flows in a gen- son River is 139 feet, at the Tappan Zee Bridge (IS eral southerly direction into New York Upper Bay. Troy 87/287). The middle Hudson River has a limiting Lock and Dam, 134 miles above The Battery, permits bridge clearance of 134 feet at the Mid-Hudson Bridge vessels to pass from tidewater to the upper river and the (US Route 44) at Poughkeepsie. The upper Hudson New York State Canal System. The river water is usu- River has a limiting bridge clearance of 135 feet at the ally fresh as far south as Poughkeepsie, halfway from Castleton-on-Hudson Bridge (New York State Thru- Troy Lock and Dam to The Battery. way/IS 90 E-W). The least clearance of the overhead ca- bles is 145 feet. (5) New York City extends along the eastern bank of Hudson River for a distance of about 14 miles above Anchorages The Battery. For about 5 miles northward from The (11) General anchorages begin 5 miles above The Bat- Battery, the New York waterfront is an almost continu- ous line of wharves and piers, some of which can ac- tery and extend upriver for about 10 miles. (See 110.1 commodate the largest transatlantic liners. and 110.155, chapter 2, for limits and regulations.) (12) Vessels proceeding from New York to Albany occa- (6) On the opposite side of Hudson River from New sionally anchor overnight in the vicinity of Kingston, York City are Jersey City, Hoboken, Weehawken, West 79 miles above The Battery and 47 miles below Albany, New York, Guttenberg, Edgewater, Fort Lee and to await daylight hours for passing through the con- Englewood Cliffs. The shoreline from Jersey City to stricted part of the river. Edgewater is lined with ruined piers and piling fields. (13) A buoyed anchorage, 400 feet wide and 2,400 feet Mariners must check with local authorities and prop- long, with depths of 32 feet is on the east side of the erty owners for approval prior to mooring. channel just above Stuyvesant, 111 miles above The Battery and 15 miles below Albany.
406 ■ Chapter 12 ■ Volume 2 Dangers evolutions within the port and honor the requests of (14) Numerous fishtraps are planted each spring, usu- other waterway users as a professional courtesy. This information is published at: http://homeport.uscg.mil ally from about mid-March to mid-May, during the sea- and in the weekly Local Notice to Mariners at: sonal run of shad to the spawning grounds in the upper http://www.navcen.uscg.gov/lnm/d1/ or by Safety Ra- Hudson. The charts show the fishtrap areas in the dio Broadcasts (See Chapter Radio: Navigation Warn- 30-mile stretch beginning about 5 miles above The Bat- ings, Information and Weather). Title 46 Part 185.304 tery and extending upriver to Stony Point; Corps of En- of the Code of Federal Regulations, states: \"The opera- gineers permits are required for the placing of shad tor of a vessel should pay special attention in regards to nets and poles in the charted areas. Outer limits of the the potential caused by their wake.\" The operation of a nets usually are marked by flags during the day and by vessel in a negligent manner is a violation of federal law lights during the night. Caution is advised when navi- that may carry a monetary penalty. In addition, vessel gating a fishtrap area because broken-off poles from operators may incur civil liability for the damage previous traps may remain under the surface. caused to other persons or property. Parties alleging (15) Navigation of the river is easy as far north as the creation of an excessive wake may document their Kingston, but above Kingston it is more difficult be- concerns via videotape or pictures. This type of cause of the numerous steep-to shoals and middle documentation could be the basis for opening a civil grounds. In general tows are apt to follow the shoreline penalty case. which is most favorable as regards wind and current; with a strong northwest wind, tows will follow the west No-Discharge Zone shore regardless of the direction in which they are trav- (18) The State of New York, with the approval of the En- eling. vironmental Protection Agency, has established a Recreational Boaters Navigating Near Commercial No-Discharge Zone (NDZ) in the waters of the Hudson Shipping Channels River. The NDZ extends from the Battery in Manhattan, (16) Large commercial vessels and tugs with tows are New York to the federal dam at Troy, New York (see often restricted in their ability to maneuver- as defined charts for limits). in Rule 3 of the Inland Navigation Rules- and therefore (19) Within the NDZ, discharge of sewage, whether have the right of way over all recreational boats includ- treated or untreated, from all vessels is prohibited. ing sailboats. In accordance with Rule 9 of the Inland Outside the NDZ, discharge of sewage is regulated by Navigation Rules, vessels less than 20 meters in length 40 CFR 140 (see chapter 2). shall not cross ahead or otherwise impede the passage of any vessel that can safely navigate only within a nar- Tides row channel or fairway. Accordingly, recreational ves- (20) The tides in Hudson River are affected by freshets, sels should avoid commercial shipping channels and whenever possible transit them as near to the outer winds, and droughts. Because of these variables the limit of the channel or fairway that lies on the vessel’s predictions given in the Tide Tables for points above starboard as is safe and practical. If it becomes neces- George Washington Bridge are based upon averages for sary to cross a channel, check for other vessels and pass the 6-month period, May to October, when the freshwa- astern of oncoming vessels. Be aware that tugs often ter discharge is at a minimum. tow barges and other objects on long submerged tow- (21) The mean range of tide is 4.5 feet at The Battery, 3.7 lines which are difficult to see and should never cross feet at Yonkers, 2.8 feet at Newburgh, 3.1 feet at between a tug and its tow. Additional information is Poughkeepsie, 3.7 feet at Kingston, 4.6 feet at Albany, available at: http://www.uscgboating.org/safety/publi- and 4.7 feet at Troy. (Daily predictions for The Battery cations.htm and Albany are given in the Tide Tables.) Speed and Wake Damage Currents (17) Speed and wake damage complaints are an ongoing (22) The currents in Hudson River are influenced by the issue due to the increasing usage by both commercial same variables that affect the tides. The times of slack and recreational users. While there are no federal regu- water and the velocities and durations of flood and ebb lations that address vessel speed limits outside of fed- are subject to extensive changes; the times of strengths eral anchorage grounds, all vessel operators are are less likely to be affected. The currents usually set expected to operate at a safe speed and in a manner that fair with the channels except in the vicinities of bends does not put others at risk. Licensed commercial mari- and wharves. ners are further expected to be familiar with ongoing (23) Velocities of currents are 1.4 knots flood and 1.4 knots ebb northwest of The Battery, 1.6 and 2.2 knots at
Hudson River ■ Chapter 12 ■ 407 George Washington Bridge, 0.9 and 1.1 knots at varies from 1.5 to nearly 5 knots depending on the size Newburgh, 1.1 and 1.2 knots at Poughkeepsie, 1.3 and of the freshet and the stage of the tide. 1.6 knots at Kingston, and 0.3 knot flood and 0.8 knot ebb at Albany. Near Troy Lock and Dam, the current Pilotage, Hudson River does not flood and the ebb has a velocity of 0.7 knot. (29) Pilotage is compulsory on the Hudson River for These values are for the summer when the freshwater discharge is at a minimum. foreign vessels and U.S. vessels under register. Pilotage (24) Daily current predictions for The Narrows, New north of Yonkers is available from Hudson River Pilots York Harbor, are given in the Tidal Current Tables. Pre- Association, 201 Edgewater Street, Staten Island, NY dictions for places along Hudson River may be obtained 10305, telephone (718) 815-4316, FAX (718) 876-8055. by applying the differences and ratios listed for these The pilot boat, JOHN E. FLYNN, is 40 feet with a black places in the tables. hull, white superstructure, and the word PILOT in red (25) During the summer of 2004, tidal observations letters, each side. The boat berths at Yonkers, and when were made in the Hudson River near Haverstraw and it underway monitors VHF-FM channel 13, works chan- was found that there were significant differences in the nels 13 or 18A. The pilot boat meets vessels in midriver timing of the tidal current phases as compared with the (40°56'21\"N., 73°54'41\"W.) off Yonkers. Arrangements predicted tidal current phases. The greatest time differ- for pilot services are made in advance through ships’ ence was observed in the slack before ebb, which on av- agents; at least 24-hour advance notice is requested. erage may occur one hour later than the predictions (30) Vessels transiting between New York Harbor and given in the 2005 Tidal Current Tables. The National Yonkers or between Long Island Sound and Yonkers are Ocean Service’s (NOAA) Center for Operational Ocean- serviced by United New York New Jersey Sandy Hook ographic Products and Services (CO-OPS) issued spe- Pilot Association. cial daily tidal current predictions for the Hudson River (31) U.S. enrolled vessels in the coastwise trade at eight locations, where data were collected during transiting between New York Harbor and Yonkers or 2005, in the 2007 edition of the Atlantic Coast of North between Long Island Sound and Yonkers are also America Tidal Current Tables. Mariners should exercise served by Interport Pilots Agency, Inc. caution when using the published tidal current (32) On the Hudson River, pilots maintain bridge-to- predictions. bridge communication on channel 13. (33) Vessels transiting the river to destinations beyond Ice the city of Kingston, NY will be required to embark an- (26) In even extremely severe winters, Coast Guard ice- other pilot at the Hyde Park Pilot Station (41°49'55\"N., 073°56'32\"W.) located on the eastern shore of Hudson breakers and continuous river traffic maintain an open River in Mills-Norrie State Park. For vessels awaiting channel to Albany. The ice season usually starts in early daylight transits north of Kingston, a federal anchor- January and ends in mid-March. Normally shipping is age is located just south of the pilot station. The pilot affected most seriously in the Hudson River between station is manned only while boarding ships in transit Tappan Zee and Albany. Modern vessels experience lit- and maintains a watch on VHF-FM channel 13 an hour tle difficulty maneuvering through the ice, but may be prior to ETA for Norrie Point. The Hudson River Pilot slowed by other river traffic. In addition to the problem office may be reached at (718) 448-3900. of getting through the ice, aids to navigation are cov- ered or dragged off station by moving ice. Towage (34) Tugs are available in New York Harbor and at Al- Freshets (27) During March, April, and May, freshets have bany. (See chapter 11, and Albany later in this chapter.) reached heights above normal high water of as much as Quarantine, customs, and immigration 18 feet at Albany and 25 feet at Troy Lock and Dam. At (35) Matters pertaining to these services for places the time of the larger freshets the tide may be com- pletely masked, the water continuing to rise and fall for along Hudson River are handled at the Port of New a period of several days without any tidal oscillation. At York or at Albany. (See chapter 11, New York Harbor, the time of smaller freshets the range of tide is greatly and Albany later in this chapter.) diminished and the times of high and low waters are somewhat delayed. Chart 12335 (28) During the smaller freshets, the flood current dis- appears and the ebb current has a velocity of about 1.5 (36) Hudson River averages about 0.6 mile in width knots. The larger freshets produce an ebb current that along this 5-mile stretch above The Battery. The chart
408 ■ Chapter 12 ■ Volume 2 covers most of the principal wharves on the New York Chart 12341 City side and those of Jersey City, Hoboken, and Weehawken on the west, or New Jersey, side. New York (41) On the New Jersey side of the river are Guttenberg, Harbor is a commercial/recreational waterway. This Mile 5.5W; Edgewater, Mile 7.5W; and Fort Lee, Mile section of the Hudson River is used by commercial 9.5W. Small-craft facilities at Edgewater can provide shipping, tugs and barges, sightseeing vessels, dinner berths, electricity, gasoline, diesel fuel, water, ice, lim- boats, commuter ferries and recreational vessels in- ited marine supplies, storage, and hull and engine re- cluding hand-powered vessels. Cruise ships operate pairs. The largest mobile hoist can handle craft up to 25 from the NYC Passenger Ship Terminal Piers 88-92. tons. Commuter ferries operate between Edgewater NYC Department of Sanitation vessels operate from and Pier 79 in Manhattan. Piers 97 and 99. Con Edison receives fuel shipments at Pier 98. (42) The New York side of the river is mostly parkway for the length of the chart. The 79th Street Boat Basin, at Morris Canal Basin Mile 5.5E, opposite Guttenberg, can provide berths, (37) The basin is located north of Liberty State Park. electricity, gasoline, diesel fuel, water, ice, marine sup- plies and minor engine repairs. Two marinas, two commuter ferries, one sailing school, one yacht club and various charter boats oper- (43) Sailors and Soldiers Monument, Mile 6.2E, is a ate from the basin. Commercial operators occupy the prominent landmark at 89th Street and Riverside northwest corner of the basin while tour boats operate Drive, Manhattan. from the Central Railroad of New Jersey Pier at the southeast entrance to the basin. (44) General Grants Tomb, Mile 7.7E, is prominent at 123rd Street and Riverside Drive, Manhattan. Anchorage (38) There are no special anchorages or commercial an- (45) George Washington Bridge, Mile 10, crosses Hud- son River from Fort Lee, N.J., to Fort Washington chorage grounds in this part of the Hudson River. Ves- Point, New York City. The suspension span is nearly 0.6 sels anchoring inside of the pierhead line shall be mile long from shore to shore with a clearance of 195 lighted in accordance with the Inland Navigation Rules feet, and the tops of the towers are about 600 feet above and should check with local authorities for any addi- the water. When the traveller platform is in use, the tional requirements. Hudson River Park extends from bridge clearance is reduced to 180 feet. Battery Park City to 59th Street. They provide mooring facilities south of Pier 40. The Hudson River Park Anchorage dockmaster may be contacted at (212) 627-2020 for (46) Two general anchorages are located south of the availability. George Washington Bridge. (See 110.155(c)(1), Small Craft Facilities (c)(5), and (1), chapter 2, for limits and regulations.) A (39) Facilities at Manhattan are located at North Cove special anchorage is on the north side of George Wash- ington Bridge at North Manhattan. (See 110.1 and Yacht Harbor and Pier 59. Facilities in New Jersey are 110.60 (o-3), chapter 2, for limits and regulations.) located in Morris Canal Basin, Jersey City, Hoboken and Weehawkin; sailing schools-Jersey City, Hoboken Chart 12345 and Manhattan. (47) From Fort Lee, N.J., the rocky cliffs of Palisades Caution State Park and adjoining Tallman Mountain State Park (40) Commuter ferries operate between several sites in extend up the west side of the river for about 12 miles to Piermont, N.Y. The Palisades are 300 to 500 feet high New Jersey and Manhattan. Extra caution should be and in places are thickly wooded with scrub. used while transiting during the morning and evening rush hours. Hand-powered vessels operate from the (48) Spuyten Duyvil Creek, entered at Mile 12E, is New Jersey and New York shores of the Hudson River. marked by the railroad swing bridge over the mouth. Several swimming events are held along the The creek is the Hudson River entrance to Harlem Manhattan shoreline throughout the summer. River, which is described in chapter 9. Currents are swift and erratic around the mouth of the creek. Small Craft Facilities (49) Englewood Boat Basin, on the New Jersey side op- posite Spuyten Duyvil Creek, can accommodate craft to 50 feet long; berths, gasoline, diesel fuel, and water are available. Alpine Boat Basin is located at about
Hudson River ■ Chapter 12 ■ 409 40°56'11\"N., 73°55'05\"W. A boat launching ramp for (58) Dobbs Ferry is a town at Mile 20.5E. A stack on the registered, trailer-towed boats under 24 feet in length, waterfront and several cupolas are prominent. jet skis and car-top boats (canoes and kayaks) is avail- able at Hazard’s Launching Ramp south of the George (59) Irvington, Mile 22E, has a large lumber terminal at Washington Bridge. On the New York side, Dykman the southern end of the waterfront, and a small private Marina is located at Tubby Hook. The Riverdale Yacht wharf at the northern end. In May 1981, alongside Club and the Yonkers Paddling and Rowing Club are depths of 7 to 10 feet were reported at the lumber about 200 yards north of the Yonkers Municipal Pier. wharf. A private boat club is just north of the terminal Commuter ferries operate between the Yonkers Munic- wharves; guest moorings are available. ipal Pier and Battery Park in Manhattan. (60) At Piermont, Mile 22W, an earthen embankment (50) Yonkers, Mile 16E, adjoins the north side of New extends 0.8 mile channelward from the shore to York City. Waterborne commerce is in petroleum prod- Piermont Pier. ConRail has a terminus at the inner end ucts, sugar and syrup products, cement, sand, and of the embankment; several buildings in Piermont are other building materials. prominent. A T-head pier, used by Columbia University to moor its geological research vessels, extends from (51) A sugar refining plant (40°55'41\"N., 73°54'21\"W.) the outer end of Piermont Pier; depths of about 16 feet has a 400-foot marginal wharf with depths of 28 to 30 are reported alongside the face. The ruins of a former feet alongside and a deck height of 10 feet. The plant ferry slip and other piers and several visible wrecks are has 20,000 tons of covered storage and is served by a on the south side of Piermont Pier. conveyor system with two 20-ton hoppers for the re- ceipt of raw sugar. Vessels berth outboard of two float- Chart 12343 ing cranes moored at the face of the wharf. (61) A foul area extends about 300 yards northward (52) Several other private facilities at Yonkers, used from the outer end of Piermont Pier. A sunken wreck is mainly by barges, have reported depths of 12 to 30 feet in this area about 200 yards northward from the end of alongside. the pier; caution is advised. Chart 12346 (62) In May 1981, shoaling to an unknown extent was reported in the area from the outer end of Piermont (53) Alpine is a prominent landing at Mile 16W. A boat Pier north to Lower Nyack Landing, Mile 24.6W; cau- basin here, operated by the Palisades Interstate Park tion is advised. Commission, affords shelter for numerous small craft; berths, gasoline, electricity, and water are available. In Small-craft facilities May 1981, 4 feet was reported in the basin. (63) Several small-craft facilities are just northward of Anchorages Piermont Pier. Berths, electricity, water, ice, storage, (54) A special anchorage adjoins a yacht club on the marine supplies, mobile hoists up to 10 tons, and hull and engine repairs are available. In May 1981, reported Yonkers side of the Hudson River, 17 miles above The depths of 4 feet could be carried to the facilities. A Battery; another special anchorage is about 0.5 mile to scuba diving team of the Piermont Volunteer Fire De- the northward. (See 110.1 and 110.60 (o) and (o-1), partment is available for underwater search and rescue chapter 2, for limits and regulations.) work. They can be contacted through the Piermont Po- lice Department; telephone 914-359-0240. (55) Several private boat clubs are at Greystone Station, (64) Tappan Zee is the 2-mile-wide part of Hudson River just north of Yonkers; guest moorings are available. between Piermont and Croton Point, 8 miles to the northward. (56) Hastings-on-Hudson, Mile 19E, has a prominent water tank at its waterfront. A yacht club, north of the (65) Tappan Zee Bridge IS 87/287, Mile 23.5, crosses waterfront, is adjoined by a special anchorage. (See Tappan Zee from Nyack to Tarrytown. The fixed span 110.1 and 110.60 (p), chapter 2, for limits and regula- over the main channel has a clearance of 139 feet. The tions.) Limited guest berths are available. In 1981, a re- 470-foot east and west spans, on either side of the main ported depth of 4 feet could be carried to the fuel dock. span, have clearances of 123 feet. Three auxiliary open- ings for small boats have clearances of 11 feet. A (57) The boundary line between the States of New Jer- RACON is atop the center of the main channel span of sey and New York extends northwestward from a point the southernmost bridge. on the west side of Hudson River at Mile 19. The river is 0.8 mile wide at this point.
410 ■ Chapter 12 ■ Volume 2 (66) Tarrytown, Mile 24E, has about 1 mile of developed ice, marine supplies, and complete engine and hull re- waterfront, part of which has been improved by dredg- pairs are available. ing. (76) Hook Mountain, 730 feet high, is on the west side of Tappan Zee at Mile 27W. The summit is only 0.3 mile (67) An abandoned lighthouse is a prominent landmark inland and is very prominent from the river. in Tarrytown. In September 2008, the controlling (77) Ossining is on the east side of Tappan Zee at Mile depths in the dredged channel in Tarrytown Harbor 29E. In May 1981, depths of 5 to 6 feet were reported on were 7.3 feet (7.7 feet at midchannel) in the southwest the flats off the oil storage receiving facility piers at connecting channel, thence 6.2 feet (7.1 feet at Ossining. Sing Sing Prison, a State penitentiary, is on midchannel) in the northwest connecting channel, and the low flat shore on the south side of Ossining. Two 4.3 feet (6.8 feet at midchannel) in the waterfront chan- water towers near the prison are prominent. A marina nel. An obstruction, consisting of rocks, is on the east at the north end of town can handle craft to 15 tons for edge of the waterfront channel in about 41°04.8'N., hull and engine repairs; marine supplies are available. 73°52.2'W. Both access channels are buoyed. There are also two boat clubs and a yacht club at Ossining; gasoline, water, ice, and guest berths are (68) Tarrytown Harbor usually is open to navigation available. In May 1981, a reported depth of 4 feet could throughout the year, but in severe winters ice floes be carried to the yacht club gasoline dock. from the upper river may temporarily block the chan- (78) From Hook Mountain, Mile 27W, northward to nels. Haverstraw, Mile 33W, the west bank of the Hudson River rises precipitously to heights of more than 800 Anchorage feet. (69) A special anchorage is at Tarrytown. (See 110.1 (79) Croton Point, Mile 30E, is a long peninsula that ex- tends 1.5 miles channelward from the main shore. and 110.60 (p-1), chapter 2, for limits and regula- Croton Point Park is on the southwest part of the penin- tions.) sula. There are several prominent brick buildings at Harmon, near the inner end of Croton Point. (70) Several waterfront terminals, with depths of 10 feet (80) Haverstraw Bay is the wide stretch of Hudson River alongside, are available at Tarrytown, and there are rail between Croton Point and Stony Point, 5 miles to the connections nearby. The wharves are used mostly for northward; the greatest width is about 2.5 miles. The the receipt of petroleum products, sand, gravel, and extensive flats in the eastern half of the bay have depths crushed rock. of 5 to 9 feet. The dredged channel through Haverstraw Bay is marked by seasonal lighted buoys and two (71) A marina is southward of the principal wharves; lighted ranges. berths, gasoline, diesel fuel, electricity, water, ice, ma- (81) Croton-on-Hudson, on the east side of Haverstraw rine supplies, and a 15-ton mobile hoist are available. Bay at Mile 31.5E, has a yacht club. Two private boat clubs are southward of the marina; a (82) High Tor, 820 feet high, is on the west side of launching ramp is available. Haverstraw Bay at Mile 32W. (83) Haverstraw, on the west side of Haverstraw Bay at (72) Nyack is on the west side of Tappan Zee at Mile 25W. Mile 33W., has several abandoned brickyards along its Small-craft facilities at Nyack include a boatyard with a waterfront. Prominent on Bowline Point (41°12.2'N., marine railway that can handle craft to 40 feet long for 73°57.6'W.) are the cement stacks and large red rectan- complete engine and hull repairs; the railway, just gular buildings of a powerplant. A T-shaped pier, oper- south of Lower Nyack Landing, can only be used at high ated by the powerplant and marked by private lights, tide. Storage facilities and marine supplies are avail- extends off Bowline Point. able. A boat club on the north side of the waterfront can (84) Two marginal wharves, used by barges and oper- provide guest moorings. In May 1981, it was reported ated by sand, stone, and gravel companies, are about that 4½ feet could be carried to the gasoline dock. 0.7 mile southward of Bowline Point. In May 1981, depths of 7½ feet were reported alongside the wharves. (73) In May 1981, shoaling to an unknown extent was A small private boat club is in the cove immediately reported in the area from Lower Nyack Landing south northward of the more northerly wharf. to the outer end of Piermont Pier, Mile 22W. Anchorage (74) A special anchorage is at Nyack. (See 110.1 and 110.60 (o-2), chapter 2, for limits and regulations.) (75) Upper Nyack, about 0.6 mile north of Nyack, has a boatyard with a 50-ton mobile hoist and a 20-ton fixed crane. The boatyard wharf has depths of about 5 feet at the face. Berths, electricity, gasoline, water, diesel fuel,
Hudson River ■ Chapter 12 ■ 411 Anchorage area and thence northwestward back to deep water. The (85) A special anchorage is at Haverstraw. (See 110.1 southern channel is marked by buoys and a light. In 1990, the controlling depths were 5 feet in the south and 110.60 (p–3), chapter 2, for limits and regula- channel, 4½ feet in the north channel, and 2½ feet in tions.) the channel west of the wharves except for shoaling to 1½ feet near the ramps in the southeast corner of the (86) Grassy Point is on the west side of Haverstraw Bay turn leading from the south channel to the waterfront. at Mile 34W. A gypsum pier, marked on its outer end by (95) A yacht club at Peekskill has guest berths, electric- a private light, is on the south side of the point; depths ity, water, ice, and engine repairs. of about 31 feet are reported alongside. Small-craft facilities Caution (87) Numerous small-craft facilities are north and (96) In August 1985, it was reported that the channel on south of Grassy Point. Berths, electricity, gasoline, die- the north side of Peekskill Bay was obstructed by a sel fuel, water, ice, storage, marine supplies, lifts to 40 sewer outfall extending across from the entrance to tons, and engine and hull repairs are available. In Au- Annsville Creek; caution is advised. gust 2001, a reported depth of 17 feet could be carried into the cove south of the point. (97) Annsville Creek is a very shallow creek on the north side of Peekskill. The railroad bridge over the en- (88) Stony Point, Mile 35W, is marked at the outer end trance has a bascule span with a clearance of 3½ feet. by a light. The bridge is maintained in the closed position. (See 117.805, chapter 2, for drawbridge regulations.) The (89) Verplanck Point, Mile 35.5E, is marked on its highway bridge about 0.2 mile above the railroad northwestern side by prominent gray eroded banks of bridge has a fixed span with a clearance of 19 feet. tailings from a trap-rock plant. Two oil receiving facili- ties at Verplanck Point have depths of 8 to 12 feet re- (98) An oil receiving pier at Roa Hook, on the north side ported alongside. of Peekskill, has a reported depth of about 13 feet alongside. Small-craft facilities (90) Small-craft facilities on the point can provide (99) Dunderberg Mountain, 1,110 feet high, is a densely wooded mountain at Mile 38W. The mountain slopes berths, electricity, gasoline, diesel fuel, water, ice, stor- eastward to Jones Point, which is low and flat. age, and limited marine supplies; lifts to 30 tons are available for hull and engine repairs. In May 1981, re- (100) The river becomes much narrower at Jones Point ported depths of 4 feet could be carried to the facilities. and has an average width of 0.3 mile for the next 8 miles between the bases of the highlands on both sides. When (91) Indian Point, on the east side of Hudson River, 1.7 approaching the sharp turns in this reach, caution miles northward of Verplanck Point, is the site of a nu- should be exercised and a warning signal should be clear powerplant. A tall red and white banded stack, given. lighted on top, and two large domes are conspicuous on the point. (101) Iona Island, formerly a naval depot at Mile 40W, is controlled by the Palisades Interstate Park Commis- (92) Tomkins Cove, a town at Mile 36W, has a large sion. A light, shown from a skeleton tower on the north stone quarry, a rock crusher, and a trap-rock plant. The side of the island, is conspicuous. offshore pier connected to the shore by a conveyor sys- tem has 700 feet of berthing space with dolphins; (102) A rock, with a depth of 10 feet over it and marked by depths of 15 to 25 feet are reported alongside. Crushed a buoy, is 0.2 mile north-northwestward of the north- rock is shipped by barge. Numerous beached barges ernmost point of Iona Island. When descending the south of the pier are prominent. A powerplant pier, just river, particularly with a strong fair current, a careful northward of the wharf, consists of four cement watch should be maintained to avoid being set on this steel-filled cells, the center two of which are connected rock. to each other and the shore by a steel catwalk. Depths of about 40 feet were reported alongside. (103) Bear Mountain State Route 6, Mile 40.3W, is 1,305 feet high and has its summit about 1 mile inland. There (93) An overhead power cable with a clearance of 160 are wharves at Day Line Park, on the riverbank at the feet crosses the Hudson River north of Tompkins Cove. foot of the mountain. (94) Peekskill is at the head of a shallow bight at Mile (104) Anthonys Nose, 900 feet high, is a steep, thickly 38E. A dredged U-shaped channel extends northeast- wooded hill at Mile 40.5E. ward from deep water in Hudson River to the wharf (105) Bear Mountain Bridge, Mile 40.6 crosses the Hud- son River from Bear Mountain to Anthonys Nose. The suspension span has a clearance of 155 feet.
412 ■ Chapter 12 ■ Volume 2 (106) Con Hook, a small island at Mile 43W, is marked on (116) Storm King Mountain, 1,355 feet high, is promi- its channel side by a light. A rock, with a depth of 7 feet nent at Mile 49W. over it and marked by a seasonal lighted buoy, is about 0.3 mile southward of Con Hook. When descending the (117) Breakneck Point, on the opposite side of Hudson river, particularly with a fair current, there is a ten- River from Storm King Mountain, is marked by one dency to set toward the rock; caution is advised. The highway tunnel and two railroad tunnels; the lights are area 800 yards N of Con Hook and along the western prominent at night. Behind Breakneck Point is Break- shoreline is extremely shallow and dangerous and neck Ridge, 1,196 feet high. should be avoided due to a large shoal. When south- bound on the Hudson River approaching Con Hook, (118) Cornwall-on-Hudson is at Mile 50W. The wharf at mariners must take care not to confuse the lights on Cornwall is in ruins. A boat club and a yacht club, about navigation aids with the lights from the railroad track 0.6 mile southeastward of the wharf in ruins, can pro- on the west bank, the lights from bridge in the dis- vide gasoline, water, and ice; guest moorings and a tance, and other background lighting in general to launching ramp are available. In May 1981, the re- avoid vessel grounding. ported depths were 10 feet at the gasoline dock and 3 feet in the basin. (107) A tower at Highland Falls, Mile 44W, is prominent. Highland Falls has a small marina with transient (119) Pollepel Island, Mile 50E, is a private estate with berths for small craft up to 35 feet. The reported depth buildings that resemble a medieval castle. A light is alongside the dock is 30 feet; electricity and water is shown from a skeleton tower 0.1 mile off the west side available. A launching ramp is at the marina. of the island. (108) A yacht club at Garrison, Mile 45E, has depths of (120) Newburgh, Mile 53W, is a major petroleum distri- about 20 feet alongside its fuel dock. Craft up to 60 feet bution center. Most of the piers of the major oil compa- in length can be accommodated at the slips; gasoline, nies are at New Windsor, the southern end of the 2-mile water, electricity, and some marine supplies are avail- waterfront at Newburgh. Depths at the piers are re- able. ported to range from about 14 feet at the northern end to 35 feet at the southern end of the waterfront. (109) West Point, Mile 45W, is the site of the U.S. Mili- tary Academy. The academy is easily recognized from the (121) The yacht club landing near the north end of the prominence of the buildings and the road leading up the Newburgh waterfront has reported depths of about 10 hillside from the railroad station and wharfs on the river- feet alongside. The marine railways here can handle bank. craft up to 46 feet for minor engine and hull repairs; berths, electricity, gasoline, diesel fuel, water, ice, Anchorage launching ramps, and marine supplies are available. A (110) A special anchorage is at West Point. (See 110.1 shipbuilding company at Newburgh can make emer- gency repairs to commercial vessels. A marine railway and 110.60 (p-2), chapter 2, for limits and regula- at the yard can handle vessels to 140 feet, and cranes to tions.) 150 tons are available. (111) The northeastern extremity of West Point descends (122) Beacon, on the east bank of the Hudson River op- to Gees Point, a rocky feature which is marked by a posite Newburgh, has some manufacturing facilities. light. About 0.2 mile south of Gees Point, another light An oil pier at the southern end of the waterfront has a marks the outer edge of a rocky shallow area along the reported depth of 5 feet alongside. A seasonal swim- west bank. ming area in the river at Beacon is marked by private buoys. The Newburgh-Beacon Bridge (IS 84), two (112) Worlds End, a sharp bend in the Hudson River at spanned fixed highway bridges, with a clearance of 147 Mile 46, has depths of more than 100 feet. Extreme cau- feet for a middle 760-foot width and 172 feet at the cen- tion should be exercised when passing through Worlds ter, crosses the river between Beacon and Newburgh. A End; the view is obstructed and vessels should reduce private fog signal is at the bridge and a RACON is atop speed and sound a warning signal. the center of the main channel span of the southern- most bridge. (113) Constitution Island is on the upper side of Worlds End at Mile 46.5E. Magazine Point, on the channel side (123) Two submerged obstructions are reported about of the island, is marked by a light. 150 yards south of seasonal Lower Hudson River Lighted Buoy 52, Mile 55. A submerged obstruction, (114) Crows Nest, Mile 47W, is 1,403 feet high and prom- covered ½ foot, is reported about 700 yards west of inent. A boat club is at Cold Spring, Mile 47.3E. Buoy 52. (115) Little Stony Point, Mile 48E, is the site of a rock (124) Chelsea, Mile 56.5E, has a boatyard and yacht club; quarry. berths, electricity, gasoline, water, ice, marine supplies, and complete hull and engine repairs are available. A
Hudson River ■ Chapter 12 ■ 413 12-ton mobile crane is available for do-it-yourself re- A town park and a small-craft launching ramp are pairs. about 0.2 mile north of the highway bridge. (125) Danskammer Point, Mile 58W, is marked by a con- (134) A marina, on the east side of the river near Mile spicuous powerplant with two large buildings, four 68E, has berths, electricity, gasoline, water, ice, a stacks, a radio tower, and an oil receiving pier. There launching ramp, marine supplies, and a 20-ton crane; are numerous brickyards on both sides of the river be- hull, engine, and electronic repairs can be made. In Au- tween Newburgh and Danskammer Point, but most of gust 2001, 17 feet was reported alongside the docks. them have been abandoned. (135) Hyde Park, Mile 71E, is the birthplace of Franklin Delano Roosevelt, the 32nd President of the United Chart 12347 States. The residence and library are about 0.4 mile in- land. (126) Wappinger Creek is entered at Mile 58.5E through Anchorage a channel that leads to just below Wappingers Falls, 1.6 (136) A general anchorage is just west of Hyde Park. (See miles above the entrance. In 1977, it was reported that the creek had silted in and was no longer navigable. 110.1 and 110.155 (c)(6), chapter 2, for limits and regulations.) (127) The railroad bridge across the mouth of Wappinger Creek has a bascule span with a clearance of 1 foot. (See (137) The Hyde Park Pilot Station (41°49'55\"N., 117.813, chapter 2, for drawbridge regulations.) The 073°56'32\"W.) is located on the eastern shore of the nearby overhead cables have a clearance of 43 feet over Hudson River in Mills-Norrie State Park just above the the creek. The fixed highway bridge about 300 yards anchorage. Vessels transiting the river to destinations above the railroad bridge has a clearance of 12 feet. An above Kingston, NY will be required to embark another overhead power cable at the bridge has a clearance of pilot at this point. The pilot station is manned only 47 feet. An overhead power cable with a clearance of 31 while boarding ships in transit and maintains a watch feet crosses the creek about 1.5 miles above the mouth. on VHF-FM channel 13 an hour prior to ETA for Norrie Point. The Hudson River Pilot office may be reached at (128) Diamond Reef, with a depth of 5 feet over it and (718) 448-3900. marked by a seasonal lighted buoy, lies in about the middle of Hudson River 0.2 mile above the entrance to (138) The Poughkeepsie Yacht Club, about 0.5 mile Wappinger Creek. Between Diamond Reef and north of the anchorage area, has berths, electricity, Poughkeepsie the west side of the river should be fa- gasoline, diesel fuel, water, a 15-ton mobile hoist, ice, vored to avoid two 18-foot spots which are buoyed. and a sewage pump-out facility. In 1981, 8 feet was re- ported available alongside the gasoline dock. (129) A marina at New Hamburg, just north of the en- trance to Wappinger Creek, has berths, electricity, gas- (139) Esopus Island, Mile 73, is marked by a light on the oline, water, ice, a 12-ton lift, and marine supplies; hull south end. A ledge, partly bare at low water and extend- and engine repairs can be made. In June 1981, depths of ing about 300 yards from the north end, is marked by a 20 feet were reported alongside the gasoline dock and 3 buoy. The better channel is westward of the island. A feet alongside the berths. prominent large graystone building is on the west side of the river above Esopus, about 1 mile north of Esopus (130) A boat club at Marlboro, Mile 59.7W, can provide Island. gasoline and water. (140) Indian Kill flows into the Hudson River at Mile (131) Poughkeepsie, Mile 66E, is an important industrial 73.8E. At the entrance to Indian Kill is a small-boat ba- center specializing in manufactured goods, oil, and sin operated by the State of New York as part of Taconic lumber. State Park. Private seasonal lights and buoys mark the entrance to the boat basin. In June 1981, the reported (132) Mid Hudson Bridge (U.S. 44), a fixed span with a controlling depth was 7½ feet in the entrance channel clearance of 134 feet, and a fixed railroad bridge with a with 5½ feet available in the basin. Gasoline, diesel fuel, clearance of 167 feet, 0.5 mile northward, cross the water, ice, a sewage pump-out facility, and a 20-foot river at Poughkeepsie; both bridges are well lighted at concrete launching ramp are available in the basin. night. The Mid Hudson Bridge is equipped with a pri- Supplies can be obtained nearby. vate fog signal and a racon in the middle of the span. Submerged pilings, covered 2 feet, are reported to exist (141) A shoal about 0.6 mile long and 150 yards wide with on the westerly side of the Hudson River between the a least depth of about 16 feet is just west of the center of second and third abutments of the railroad bridge. the channel, about 1.1 miles above Indian Kill en- trance. The shoal is marked by a seasonal lighted buoy (133) Several bulk oil receiving wharves with reported about midway along the east edge. depths of 13 to 20 feet alongside are on the east shore about 1 mile south of the Mid Hudson Highway Bridge.
414 ■ Chapter 12 ■ Volume 2 (142) Esopus Meadows Light, Mile 75.8, 52 feet above Charts 12347, 12348 the water, is shown from a white brick lighthouse on the west side of the main channel. Shoals with depths (148) In the Hudson River above Kingston many shoals less than 3 feet extend as much as 0.4 mile from either with depths less than 3 feet are in midriver or extend shore from about 1 mile below the light to Rondout from the shore on either side. The bottom is rocky at Creek at Kingston. The shoal area on the east side of the many of the bar crossings. Most of the channels river is marked by buoys. through the critical areas are marked with lights and buoys, but strangers in all except small boats are ad- (143) Rondout Creek is entered from the Hudson River vised to take a pilot. Pilots are engaged at New York. at Mile 79W through a dredged channel that leads be- tween two long, submerged jetties to Eddyville, about 3 Chart 12347 miles above the channel entrance. The jetties are marked by lights at the outer ends and by seasonal (149) Kingston Point, Mile 80W, is an oil terminal. Tugs daybeacons. In September 2008, the controlling depth and barges drawing 15 to 20 feet transport petroleum was 13.9 feet from the entrance to the second highway products both up and down the river from this termi- bridge about 1.1 miles above the mouth, thence 6.6 feet nal. to the southwest end of Gumaer Island, thence 4.8 feet to the head of the dredged channel at Eddyville. The (150) Kingston-Rhinecliff Bridge State Route 199 channel is partially marked by buoys. The head of prac- crosses the Hudson River at Mile 82.7. The fixed chan- tical navigation is at the lock of the abandoned Dela- nel spans have a clearance of 135 feet. A private fog sig- ware and Hudson Canal, 3.3 miles above the entrance. nal is at the bridge and a RACON is in the center of the The lower 2-mile portion of Rondout Creek serves as a west channel span. harbor for Kingston. (151) Esopus Creek is entered at Mile 88.5W. The en- (144) Kingston is partly on the lowlands adjacent to the trance is between two dikes; both are marked by lights. north bank of Rondout Creek and partly on the elevated Saugerties is on the north bank of the creek about 1 plateau to the north and westward of it. Waterborne mile above the entrance. In October 2008, the control- traffic consists chiefly of sand, gravel, crushed rock, ling depth was 4.9 feet to the steamboat wharf about 0.7 brick, and petroleum products. mile above the entrance. The mean range of tide is about 4 feet. Above the steamboat wharf several shoals Bridges bare at low water and there are many large boulders. (145) Rondout Creek is crossed by a fixed highway bridge Small craft, with local knowledge, use this area as an anchorage, but it should be avoided by strangers. A dam with a clearance of 56 feet, about 1 mile above the en- crosses the creek about 1.3 miles above the entrance. trance, a highway suspension bridge with a clearance of 86 feet, about 0.1 mile above the fixed bridge, and the Small-craft facilities Conrail fixed railroad bridge with a clearance of 144 (152) Small-craft facilities below the steamboat wharf feet, about 2 miles above the entrance. An overhead power cable with a clearance of 75 feet crosses the can provide berths, electricity, gasoline, diesel fuel, wa- creek about 0.45 mile above the railroad bridge. ter, ice, outside storage, and some marine supplies. A forklift can handle craft to 2 tons for engine and hull re- Tides pairs; launching ramps are also available. In June 1981, (146) The mean range of tide at the entrance to Rondout depths of 15 to 20 feet were reported alongside the fuel dock. Creek is about 3.7 feet. (153) A rescue vessel of the Ulster County Sheriff’s De- Small-craft facilities partment is at Saugerties. The Sheriff’s office can be (147) There are several small-craft facilities on Rondout contacted through the Coast Guard on VHF-FM chan- nel 16 or directly by telephone (914-338-3640). Creek. Berths, electricity, gasoline, diesel fuel, water, ice, marine supplies, launching ramps, a sewage (154) In March 2004, shoaling to 9 feet was reported at pump-out facility, and wet and dry storage are available the southern boundary of Green Flats. Vessels are ad- as far upstream as Eddyville. Lifts to 35 tons and a vised to transit along the centerline of the channel in 75-foot marine railway can handle craft for hull and en- the vicinity of Hudson River Lighted Buoy 94. gine repairs. (155) The Maelstrom is a dangerous whirlpool on the east side of the main channel about 2 miles north of Esopus Creek.
Hudson River ■ Chapter 12 ■ 415 (156) Several large cement manufacturing plants that to 15 feet alongside. In June 1981, shoaling to an un- have prominent buildings and elevators are near known extent was reported north of Middle Ground Cementon, Mile 92.5W. Another cement factory is at Flats; barges approach Athens through the channel Dewitt Point, 2 miles above Cementon. A wharf just be- south of the flats only. In October 1990, shoaling to an low the point has a reported depth of 30 feet at the face. unknown extent was reported in the area between Ath- The landing for North Germantown is across the river ens and Middle Ground Flats. opposite this wharf. Small-craft facility (157) Catskill Creek, marked at the entrance by buoys, is (163) A small-craft facility at the north end of town has entered at Mile 97.5W. Catskill is about 1 mile above the mouth. In August 2008, the centerline controlling berths, electricity, gasoline, water, ice, and limited ma- depth was 6.4 feet to about 100 yards below the high- rine supplies, and can make minor engine repairs. way bridge, 0.9 mile above the mouth. The bridge has a fixed span with a vertical clearance of 11 feet. An over- Chart 12348 head power cable about 200 yards above the bridge has a clearance of 60 feet. The north edge of the channel (164) Coxsackie is at Mile 108W. Berths, gasoline, elec- leads close to the end of the wharf at the entrance, then tricity, water, and ice are available at a yacht club at the passes 75 feet off the first small pier, lying 200 yards in- north end of town. A State-owned 20-foot concrete side the end of the wharf, and then passes close to the launching ramp is also available at Coxsackie. next small pier on the north side. The best water is then in midcreek when approaching the first sharp bend to (165) Cement and coal are shipped and gypsum is re- avoid a rock with 4 feet over it about 50 feet off the ceived at facilities about 1 mile above Coeymans; the western end of the wharf. The channel then favors the marginal wharf has 666 feet of berthing space with dol- south bank until about 350 yards from the highway phins and 32 feet reported alongside. bridge, then follows the north bank to the highway bridge. Anchorage (166) A 32-foot buoyed anchorage basin is on the east (158) A long wharf extends along the north side of Cats- kill Creek from the entrance to Catskill. bank of the river north of Stuyvesant about 3.1 miles above Coxsackie. Small-craft facilities (167) A boatyard at New Baltimore, Mile 113.5W, can (159) Several small-craft facilities are on the creek. provide berths, electricity, gasoline, diesel fuel, water, storage, and marine supplies. A launching ramp and a Berths, electricity, gasoline, diesel fuel, storage facili- 20-ton mobile hoist are available; hull and engine re- ties, water, ice, marine supplies, a sewage pump-out fa- pairs can be made. In June 1981, a reported depth of 20 cility, and lifts to 20 tons are available; hull and engine feet was available at the fuel dock with 6 feet at the repairs can be made. berths. (160) Rip Van Winkle Bridge State Route 23 crosses the (168) Coeymans, Mile 115W, has a boatyard that can pro- Hudson River at Mile 98.7. The fixed span over the vide berths, electricity, gasoline, diesel fuel, water, ice, channel has a clearance of 142 feet. A private fog signal and a 12-ton lift; hull and engine repairs can be made. is at the bridge and a RACON is the center of the main channel span. High-voltage power cables with a clear- (169) A submerged jetty, marked by daybeacons, is just E ance of 145 feet cross the river about 2.4 miles above of Coeymans. the bridge. Red lights are atop the suspension towers on both sides of the river. (170) The Conrail fixed railroad bridge with a clearance of 139 feet crosses the Hudson River at Mile 117.8. An (161) Hudson, Mile 102E, is on a slope that rises from the overhead power cable just southward of the bridge has east bank of the Hudson River. Waterborne commerce a clearance of 185 feet. The Castleton-on-Hudson is in petroleum products. The bulk petroleum pier has Bridge (New York State Thruway, IS 90 E-W), a fixed reported depths of about 10 feet alongside. Gasoline, highway bridge, about 150 yards above the railroad berths, electricity, water, and a launching ramp are bridge has a clearance of 135 feet. available at a boat club at Hudson. In June 1981, depths of 20 feet were reported alongside the gasoline dock. (171) Castleton-on-Hudson, Mile 119E, has a boat club that can provide berths, electricity, gasoline, diesel (162) Athens is on the west side of the Hudson River op- fuel, water, ice, and a launching ramp. Gin poles are posite Hudson. An asphalt receiving facility and a bulk available at the boat club for stepping masts. In June petroleum storage facility are at Athens. Barges call at 1982, depths of 9 feet were reported alongside the these facilities, which have reported depths of about 7 docks.
416 ■ Chapter 12 ■ Volume 2 (172) The Castleton Fire Department maintains a rescue regulations.) An overhead power cable at the railroad vessel at the boat club for emergency medical assistance, bridge has a clearance of 135 feet. firefighting, lifesaving, and damage control. The rescue vessel can be contacted through the Coast Guard on Tides VHF-FM channel 16, or by telephone (518) 272-5501. (181) The mean range of tide at Albany is 4.6 feet. (For Anchorage daily predictions see Tide Tables.) Tidal currents for (173) A special anchorage is at Mile 120W, just below Ce- Hudson River are described at the beginning of this chapter. dar Hill. (See 110.1 and 110.60 (w), chapter 2, for limits and regulations.) Weather, Albany and vicinity (182) The climate at Albany is primarily continental in (174) Overhead power cables crossing the river at Mile 122.9 and Mile 123.1 have clearances of 169 and 194 character, but is subject to some modification from the feet, respectively. maritime climate which prevails in the extreme south- eastern portion of New York State. The moderating ef- (175) Albany, Mile 126W, is the capital of New York State fect on temperatures is more pronounced during the and the principal port on the river above New York City. warmer months than in the cold winter season when The port of Albany is the terminus for deep-draft ves- outbursts of cold air sweep down from Canada with sels on the Hudson River and serves as a transshipping greater vigor than at other times of the year. In the point for the immediate vicinity, large areas of New warmer portion of the year temperatures rise rapidly England, and most of the areas accessible by water- during the daytime to moderate levels. As a rule, tem- ways. peratures fall rapidly after sunset so that the nights are relatively cool. Very occasionally, the area experiences (176) Waterborne commerce at the port is mostly in pe- extended periods of oppressive heat up to a week or troleum products, but grain, automobiles, coal, molas- more in duration. ses, scrap iron, aggregates, lumber, wood byproducts, (183) The highest temperature of record is 100°F bananas, steel, chemicals, and general cargo are also (37.8°C) recorded both in July and September 1953. handled. The extreme minimum temperature at Albany is -28°F (-33.3°C) recorded in January 1971. The average tem- (177) The Albany Port District includes the lower harbor perature for Albany is 48°F (8.9°C). The average high is between points about 0.2 mile below and 1.9 miles 58°F (14.4°C) and the average low is 37°F (2.8°C). July above the entrance to Island Creek (42°36'26\"N., is the warmest month with an average high of 83°F 73°45'50\"W.), and the upper harbor extending north- (28.3°C) and an average low of 60°F (15.6°C). January ward of this point to the northern limits of Albany on is the coldest month with an average high of 31°F the west side and Rensselaer on the east side. (-0.6°C) and an average low of 13°F (-10.6°C). An aver- age of 11 days each year records maximum tempera- Channels tures in excess of 90°F (32.2°C) and an average of 147 (178) The Federal project depth is 32 feet from New York days record extreme minimums below 32°F (0°C). An average of 22 days each year will have an extreme mini- Harbor to Albany. Above the Port of Albany, the project mum below 5°F (-15°C). depth is 14 feet to the Troy Lock and Dam. (See Notice (184) Precipitation is sufficient to serve the economy of to Mariners and latest editions of the charts for control- the region in most years, and only occasionally do peri- ling depths.) ods of drought become a threat. A considerable portion of the rainfall in the warmer months is from showers Anchorages associated with thunderstorms, but hail is not usually (179) The restricted width of the river at Albany is not of any consequence. Average annual precipitation to- tals nearly 36 inches (914 mm) and is evenly distrib- sufficient to permit vessels to swing at anchor without uted throughout the year. The difference between the interfering with passing craft. However, in an emer- driest month, February, and the wettest month, June, gency, vessels sometimes anchor in midstream to wait averages exactly one inch (25.4 mm). Precipitation falls for berthing space. an average 205 days each year with the early winter sea- son being the most likely time. Thunderstorms occur Bridges on average 24 days each year with June, July, and Au- (180) The Dunn Memorial fixed highway bridge with a gust being the most favored period. clearance of 60 feet crosses Hudson River at Albany at Mile 126.4. The Conrail/Amtrak railroad bridge has a swing span with a clearance of 25 feet. (See 117.1 through 117.59 and 117.791, chapter 2, for drawbridge
Hudson River ■ Chapter 12 ■ 417 (185) Winters are usually cold and occasionally fairly se- Quarantine, customs, immigration, and agricultural vere. Maximum temperatures during the colder winter quarantine months often are below freezing, and nighttime low (193) (See chapter 3, Vessel Arrival Inspections, and Ap- temperatures frequently drop to 10°F (-12.2°C) or pendix A for addresses.) lower. Sub-zero temperatures (<-17.8°C) occur rather (194) Quarantine is enforced in accordance with the reg- infrequently, about a dozen times a year. Snowfall in ulations of the U.S. Public Health Service. (See Public the area is quite variable and over some of the higher Health Service, chapter 1.) nearby areas ranges up to 75 inches (1905 mm) or more (195) Albany has several hospitals. for a season. Snow flurries are quite frequent during the cold months. The average annual snowfall is 63 Harbor regulations inches (1600 mm) and snow can be expected each (196) Local rules and regulations for the port are handled month, October through May. January is the snowiest month averaging over 16 inches (406 mm). The by the Albany Port District Commission. 24-hour snowfall record is 22 inches (559 mm), and oc- curred in March 1993. Wharves (197) There are about 30 waterfront facilities at Albany (186) On the whole, wind velocities are moderate. The north-south Hudson River Valley has had a marked ef- and Rensselaer; most are located on the west side of the fect on the lighter winds and the warm months usually Hudson River at Albany. All have highway connections average out as a south wind. Destructive winds occur and, with the exception of the petroleum berths, rail- infrequently. road connections. Cargo is generally handled by ships’ tackle. Crawler and truck cranes up to 140 tons can be (187) The area enjoys one of the highest percentages of rented. The alongside depths given for each facility are sunshine that can be found in the State. This is true of reported; for information on the latest depths, contact the Hudson Valley area from Albany southward to the the operator. Only the major facilities are described. coast with slightly more sunshine progressively south- For a complete description of the port facilities refer to ward. Seldom does the area experience extended peri- Port Series No. 6, published and sold by the U.S. Army ods of cloudy days or extended periods of smog. Corps of Engineers. (See Appendix A for address.) Occasionally during the warm months, there are short (198) West side of Hudson River below Island Creek periods when high humidity associated with tempera- (42°36'26\"N., 73°45'50\"W.): tures above 85°F (29.4°C) is rather uncomfortable. (199) Sears Oil Co. Tanker Wharf: about 1.2 miles south- ward of Island Creek; offshore wharf, 191 feet with dol- (188) Tornadoes are rather rare in the Albany area; six phins; 31 feet alongside; deck height, 10 feet; pipelines have been reported since 1826. Since 1871, eight tropi- extend from wharf to storage tanks, total capacity of 2 cal storms have approached within 25 miles of Albany. million barrels; receipt of petroleum products; owned All have approached from the southwest, therefore and operated by Sears Oil Co., Inc. have been greatly modified by the time traveled over (200) Texaco North Wharf: about 0.85 mile southward of land. The last storm to directly influence the Albany Island Creek; offshore wharf, 230 feet with dolphins; 32 area was the remnants of Hurricane Gracie in Septem- feet alongside; deck height, 14 feet; pipelines extend ber 1959. By the time Gracie reached Albany, it had from wharf to storage tanks, total capacity of 838,000 completed the extra tropical transition and highest barrels; receipt and shipment of petroleum products; sustained winds were only 30 knots. owned and operated by Texaco Inc. (201) West side of Hudson River above Island Creek: (189) (See Appendix B for Albany climatological table.) (202) Agway Petroleum Wharf: about 0.1 mile northward of Island Creek; offshore wharf, 260 feet with dolphins; Pilotage, Albany 30 feet alongside; deck height, 11 feet; pipelines extend (190) See Pilotage, Hudson River (indexed as such), ear- from wharf to storage tanks, total capacity of 334,000 barrels; receipt and shipment of petroleum products; lier this chapter. owned and operated by Agway Petroleum, Inc. (203) Cibro Petroleum Ship Dock: about 0.5 mile north- Towage ward of Island Creek; bulkhead wharf, 1000 feet; 28 to (191) Tugs up to 6,800 hp, based at New York City, and 32 feet alongside; deck height, 16½ feet; pipelines ex- tend from wharf to storage tanks, total capacity of tugs up to 1,800 hp, based at Rensselaer, are available at about 193,000 barrels of asphalt, 955,000 barrels of fuel Albany. Arrangements for tugs are usually made in ad- oil, and 450,000 barrels of crude oil; receipt of crude oil vance by ships’ agents. (192) Albany is a customs port of entry.
418 ■ Chapter 12 ■ Volume 2 and petroleum products; receipt and shipment of as- dolphins; 30 feet alongside; deck height, 8 feet; pipe- phalt; owned by Albany Port District Commission and lines extend from wharf to storage tanks, total capacity operated by Cibro Petroleum Products, Inc. of 1 million barrels; receipt of petroleum products; (204) Albany Port District Commission Berths 1 owned by Amerada Hess Corp., operated by Amerada through 9: provide 3,770 feet of continuous berthing; Hess Corp. and Sun Refining and Marketing Co. depths of 32 feet alongside; deck heights, 16½ feet; wa- (214) Ultramar Petroleum Wharf: about 0.5 mile north- ter and electrical shore power connections; owned by ward of Island Creek; offshore wharf; 180 feet with dol- Albany Port District Commission. phins; 12 feet alongside; deck height, 11 feet; pipelines (205) Berths 7, 8, and 9: about 0.8 mile northward of Is- extend from wharf to storage tanks, total capacity of 1 land Creek; 1,270-foot marginal wharf; 10½-million- million barrels; receipt and shipment of petroleum bushel grain elevator; special grain-handling equip- products; owned and operated by Ultramar Petroleum, ment; conveyor-belt loading system, rate 1,340 long Inc. tons per hour; pipelines extend from wharf to molasses (215) Atlantic-Richfield Co. Rensselaer Wharf: about storage tanks; total capacity of 4½ million gallons; ship- 0.65 mile northward of Island Creek; offshore wharf, ment of grain; receipt and shipment of molasses; 295 feet with dolphins; 33 feet alongside; deck height, operated by Albany Port District Commission, National 11 feet; water connections; pipelines extend from wharf Molasses Co., and Cargill, Inc. to storage tanks, total capacity 1½ million barrels; re- (206) Berths 5 and 6: immediately northward of Berth 7; ceipt of petroleum products; owned by Atlan- 750-foot marginal wharf; 60,000 square feet covered tic-Richfield Co., operated by Atlantic-Richfield Co., storage; 35 acres open storage; pipelines extend from Gulf Oil Products Co. and Amoco Oil Co. wharf to storage tanks, total capacity of 7½ million gal- (216) Petroleum Fuel and Terminal Co. Rensselaer Ma- lons of molasses and 1 million gallons of liquid fertil- rine Terminal: about 0.75 mile northward of Island izer; receipt and shipment of general cargo and liquid Creek; offshore wharf, 375 feet with dolphins; 32 feet fertilizer; receipt of molasses; operated by Albany Port alongside; deck height, 14 feet; pipelines extend from District Commission, Pacific Molasses Co., and Allied wharf to storage tanks, total capacity of 668,000 bar- Chemical Corp. rels; receipt and shipment of petroleum products; (207) Berth 4: immediately northward of Berth 5; owned and operated by Petroleum Fuel and Terminal 425-foot marginal wharf; 26,000 square feet of covered Co. storage; 28 acres open storage; receipt and shipment of (217) Bray Terminals: about 0.8 mile northward of Island general cargo; receipt of automobiles; operated by Al- Creek; offshore wharf, 250 feet with dolphins; 23 feet bany Port District Commission. alongside; deck height, 12 feet; water and electrical (208) Berth 3: immediately northward of Berth 4; shore power connections; receipt and shipment of pe- 425–foot marginal wharf; 72,000 square feet of covered troleum products; pipelines extend from wharf to stor- storage; receipt of bananas; operated by Albany Port age tanks, total capacity of 646,000 barrels; owned by District Commission and United Brands, Inc. Bray Terminals, Inc., operated by Bray Terminals, Inc., (209) Berth 2: immediately northward of Berth 3; and Getty Refining and Marketing Co. 300-foot marginal wharf; 28 acres open storage; receipt (218) Port of Albany Rensselaer Wharf: about 1.25 miles and shipment of general cargo; receipt of automobiles; above Island Creek; marginal wharf, 1,205 feet; 32 feet operated by Albany Port District Commission. alongside; deck height, 16½ feet; pipeline extends from (210) Berth 1: immediately northward of Berth 2; wharf to storage tank, total capacity 500,000 gallons; 20 600–foot marginal wharf; 45,000 square feet of covered acres open storage; 43,000 square feet covered storage; storage; receipt and shipment of general cargo; receipt receipt of caustic soda, shipment of scrap metal; owned of automobiles; operated by Albany Port District Com- by Albany Port District Commission, operated by Al- mission. bany Port District Commission and Ashland Chemical (211) Mobil Oil Corp. Ship Dock: about 200 yards north- Co. ward of Berth 1; offshore wharf, 200 feet with dolphins; 29 feet alongside; deck height, 16 feet; freshwater con- Supplies nections; pipelines extend from wharf to storage tanks, (219) Bunkering services for deep-draft vessels are not storage tanks have a total capacity of 2¼ million bar- rels; receipt of petroleum products; owned and oper- available at Albany; this service is obtained in New ated by Mobil Oil Corp. York. Diesel fuel, through metered pumps, is available (212) East Side of Hudson River: for small vessels; water, marine supplies, and provi- (213) Amerada Hess Corp. Wharf: about 0.3 mile north- sions are available. ward of Island Creek; offshore wharf, 290 feet with
Hudson River ■ Chapter 12 ■ 419 Repairs span with a clearance of 55 feet. The vertical lift high- (220) There are no drydocks or marine railway facilities way bridge 0.5 mile upstream has a clearance of 29 feet down and 60 feet up. (See 117.1 through 117.59 and for ocean-going vessels at the port of Albany. All types 117.791, chapter 2, for drawbridge regulations.) A of repairs not requiring hauling out are available for rock ledge is on the east side of the river at the bridge in steel and wooden hulls; machinery and boiler repairs about 42°44'07\"N., 73°41'22\"W. In 1978, the Green Is- and machine shop work are available. land Bridge (State Route 7), a fixed highway bridge (221) A marine repair facility at Cohoes, on the west side with a design clearance of 60 feet, was under construc- of the river 8 miles above Albany and 1.5 miles above tion at Mile 132.9. the Troy Lock and Dam, is equipped to make all types of (228) Well-equipped wharves at Troy have berthing space above-the-waterline repairs to tugs, barges, and other of about 2,400 feet and depths of 9 to 14 feet alongside. small vessels. The State of New York operates a drydock A mile-long concrete bulkhead extends along the wa- adjacent to Lock 3 of the Erie Canal at Waterford, just terfront. The only public docking facility is at the State north of Cohoes. The graving dock is 450 feet long, 42 barge canal terminal. The oil storage terminals on the feet wide at the entrance, and has a depth of 14 feet over island under the railroad bridge have depths up to 14 the keel blocks. feet alongside. Facilities for repairs to hulls, machin- ery, and boiler equipment are available for vessels not Small-craft facilities requiring hauling out. (222) A yacht club is on the east side of the Hudson River (229) The Troy Lock and Dam is about 8 miles above Al- bany. The lock dimensions are: length 492.5 feet; width at Rensselaer at Mile 126.4, about 0.2 mile south of the 44.4 feet; depth over upper miter sill 16.3 feet at normal fixed highway bridge; berths, electricity, gasoline, die- pool level; and depth over lower miter sill 13 feet at low- sel fuel, and water are available. In June 1981, reported est low water. The lift at the lowest stages is 17.3 feet. depths of 15 feet were available on the west side of the The mean range of tide is about 4.7 feet below the lock. yacht club dock with 8 feet on the east side. A municipal (See 207.50 and 207.60, chapter 2, for navigation reg- launching ramp is at Mile 127.2W. ulations for the lock and operating regulations for the dam.) Communications (223) Albany is served by air and rail communications. Caution (230) The area within about 500 feet below the Troy Dam The Delaware and Hudson Railroad serves facilities on the west side of the river while ConRail serves facilities is extremely dangerous because of the turbulence on both sides of the river. The Albany Port Railroad caused by water discharge from the dam. The danger Corporation, a terminal switching line, serves the wa- area is marked by buoys. terfront facilities and property owned by the Albany Port District Commission and connects with the main (231) The Hudson River above the Troy Lock and Dam line railroads. joins with the New York State Canal System to form a connecting waterway westward to Lake Erie and Lake (224) The Patroon Island Bridge (IS 90), a fixed high- Ontario, and northward to Lake Champlain. way bridge, with a clearance of 60 feet crosses the Hud- son River just above Albany at Mile 127.8. (232) The New York State Canal System, comprising Erie Canal, Oswego Canal, Cayuga and Seneca Canal, (225) The Troy-Menands Bridge (State Route 378), a and Champlain Canal, is under the jurisdiction of the fixed highway bridge, crossing the Hudson River at State of New York. Navigation on the State canals is free South Troy, Mile 130.5, has a clearance of 61 feet. The except for mooring, dockage, wharfage, storage, or use overhead power cables between Albany and Troy have a of canal equipment or facilities for which a permit is re- least clearance of 87 feet. Red lights are shown from the quired. Detailed data regarding movement through the suspension towers on both sides of the river. New York State Canal System may be obtained from the New York State Canal Corporation, Office of Canals, (226) Troy, Mile 132E, is a manufacturing center. 200 Southern Boulevard, P.O. Box 189, Albany, NY Watervliet, on the west side of the river opposite Troy, is 12201-0189, telephone 1-800-4CANAL4 or visit website the site of the United States Arsenal with a 755-foot http://www.canals.state.ny.us. stone bulkhead. The harbor extends from the southern limits of the city of Troy to the Troy Lock and Dam. Ves- sels usually berth on arrival, because the narrow width of the river and character of the bottom are not suitable for anchorage. (227) The Congress Street Bridge (State Route 2) con- necting Watervliet and Troy, at Mile 132.2, has a fixed
420 ■ Chapter 12 ■ Volume 2 Controlling dimensions of channels, locks, and (241) Champlain Canal, a 52-mile waterway, follows the bridges Hudson River northward from Waterford for about 32 (233) The Great Lakes-Hudson River Waterway Im- miles to Fort Edward, thence through a landcut and provement is that part of the barge canal system in- Wood Creek to Whitehall at the entrance to Lake cluding the Erie Canal from Waterford west to Three Champlain. Rivers and thence the Oswego Canal to Lake Ontario. This section of the system, funded by the U.S. Govern- (242) Lake Champlain, about 97 miles long from White- ment and maintained by the State of New York, has a hall to the Canadian border and up to 10 miles wide at project depth of 14 feet at normal pool level between its widest part, has considerable water commerce be- locks and 13 feet at normal pool level through all locks tween the ports along its shores. The controlling depth and guard gates. These channels have widths of 104 feet is about 12 feet at low lake level through the main in earth cuts, 120 feet in rock cuts, and 200 feet in river channel to the Canadian border and to the principal and lake sections. ports. The least overhead clearance is 92 feet at a fixed (234) Elsewhere in the New York State Canal System, the bridge at Crown Point, about 32 miles above Whitehall. project depth is 12 feet in all channels and through all locks and guard gates. These channels have widths of (243) An international waterway for commerce is avail- 75 feet in earth cuts, 94 feet in rock cuts, and generally able between the United States and Canada by the use of 200 feet in canalized rivers. Champlain Canal, Lake Champlain, and the Riviere (235) Usable dimensions of the locks in the New York Richelieu and Canal de Chambly, which extend from State Canal System are 300 feet in length and 43½ feet the northerly end of Lake Champlain for about 70 miles in width. The locks and guard gates have depths of 12 in Canadian waters to the St. Lawrence River, 40 miles feet over the sills at normal pool level, except 13 feet below Montreal. The size of vessels that can navigate over the sills in the Great Lakes-Hudson River Water- this route is controlled by the least dimensions of the way Improvement. Canal de Chambly locks which are: usable length, 111 (236) The least clearance of bridges and cables over the feet, 5 inches; width, 23 feet; depth over sills, 6½ feet. Great Lakes-Hudson River Waterway Improvement is Bridges over the waterway are provided with draws; the 20 feet. The least clearance of bridges and cables over least overhead clearance of cables is 120 feet. The least the other waterways of the New York State Canal Sys- clearance for bridges across Canal de Chambly in the tem is 15 feet. vicinity of the city of St. Jean, Quebec, is 29 feet. The (237) The navigation season is normally from the first navigation season is from about the middle of April to part of May to the latter part of November. the middle of November. (238) Erie Canal, a 294-mile waterway, extends from the (244) Permit requirements and toll charge information pool of the Troy dam in the Hudson River at Waterford for Canal de Chambly and St. Ours Lock may be ob- westerly through the Mohawk River and landcuts to tained from the Superintendent, Quebec Canals (see Oneida Lake, thence through Oneida, Seneca, and Clyde Appendix A for address). Rivers, landcuts, an artificial channel, and Tonawanda Creek to Niagara River at Tonawanda. The Niagara River Charts and Coast Pilot Information connects the Erie Canal with Lake Erie at Buffalo. (245) The National Ocean Service’s nautical chart cover- (239) Oswego Canal, a 21-mile waterway, extends north- age of the New York State Canal System is as follows: ward from the Erie Canal, 141 miles westward of the chart 14786, all the canals from the Hudson River at Troy dam, to Oswego where it joins Lake Ontario. For Troy, N.Y., westward to Lyons, N.Y., and to Lake Ontario the most part the canal follows the Oswego River from at Oswego; chart 14788, Oneida Lake; and chart 14791, its confluence with the Oneida and Seneca Rivers. Cayuga and Seneca Lakes. Charts of Lake Champlain are published by NOS. (240) Cayuga and Seneca Canal extends southward from (246) Coast Pilot information for the above waterways is the Erie Canal 177 miles west to the Troy dam. The canal contained in United States Coast Pilot 6 (formerly follows the improved Seneca River to Cayuga Lake and known as the Great Lakes Pilot), also published by NOS. extends through the lake to Ithaca at the south end. (247) Coverage of the canal system from Syracuse, west From the north end of Cayuga Lake, the canal follows to the Niagara River at Tonawanda, NY, is contained in Seneca River west to Seneca Lake and extends through New York State Canal Guide, available from Mid-Lakes the lake to Watkins Glen at the south end. A 2.2-mile ca- Navigation Company, Ltd., Box 61, Skaneateles, NY nal extends south from Watkins Glen to Montour Falls. 13152, 1-800-545-4318; 315-685-8500. These lakes are two of the so-called Finger Lakes of cen- (248) Charts and pilot information for the Riviere tral New York and are each about 30 miles in length. Richelieu, Canal de Chambly and other Canadian waters are available from the Canadian Hydrographic Chart Distribution Office (see Appendix A for address).
■ Appendix A ■ 421 Appendix A Sales Information Charts and Publications-National Ocean Service (1) National Ocean Service (NOS) publications, nauti- cal charts and unclassified National Geospatial-Intelli- Nautical Charts (See Chart Catalogs) gence Agency (NGA) nautical charts are sold by NOS (12) United States Coastal and Intracoastal waters, and and its authorized sales agents in many U.S. ports and some foreign ports through the National Aeronautical possessions. Charting Office. Mail orders should be addressed to: (13) Great Lakes, Lake Champlain, New York State Ca- (2) Federal Aviation Administration nals, and the St. Lawrence River–St. Regis to Cornwall, (3) National Aeronautical Charting Office Canada. (4) Distribution Division, AJW-3550 (14) Publications (See the publication Dates of Latest (5) 10201 Good Luck Road Editions for latest editions and prices) (6) Glenn Dale, MD 20769-9700. (7) Mail orders must be accompanied by a check or Reporting chart deficiencies (15) Users are requested to report all discrepancies and money order (payable in U.S. funds) payable to FAA. Re- mittance from outside the United States should be suggested additions to NOAA nautical charts, including made either by an International Money Order or by a depth information in privately maintained channels check payable on a U.S. bank. Chart catalogs, which in- and basins; obstructions, wrecks, and other dangers; clude a listing of authorized sales agents, are free upon new landmarks or the nonexistence or relocation of request. Telephone orders may be placed by calling charted ones; uncharted fixed private aids to naviga- 301-436-8301 or toll-free 1-800-638-8972 (Visa, tion; and deletions or additions of small-craft facilities. MasterCard or Discover accepted); or by FAX, All such reports should be sent to: 301-436-6829 or by Email: [email protected]. (16) Chief, Marine Chart Division (N/CS2) Sales information is located on the internet website ad- (17) National Ocean Service, NOAA dress, http://www.naco.faa.gov. (18) 1315 East-West Highway (19) Silver Spring, MD 20910-3282. National Ocean Service Offices (20) The Marine Chart Division also maintains a website, http://ocsdata.ncd.noaa.gov/dr/, where the (8) Washington, DC (Headquarters): Assistant Admin- public can report NOAA nautical chart and Coast Pilot istrator, National Ocean Service, NOAA, Herbert C. discrepancies or suggested changes. Hoover Bldg., 14th Street and Constitution Avenue, (21) Note: Reported discrepancies and suggested NW, Room 5805, Washington, DC 20230-0001. changes to NOAA’s nautical charts are also examined for possible revisions to the corresponding NOAA Coast (9) Silver Spring: Chief, Office of Coast Survey, Na- Pilot. tional Ocean Service, NOAA, 1315 East-West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910-3282. Chart validity (22) CAUTION: A NOAA nautical chart is not a valid (10) Norfolk: Director, Atlantic Marine Center, National Ocean Service, NOAA, 439 West York Street, Norfolk, document until its publication is announced in the Va. 23510-1114. NGA Weekly Notice to Mariners. This also applies to NOAA nautical publications such as Coast Pilot. The (11) Seattle: Director, Marine Operations Center (Pa- date of a chart is also of vital importance to the naviga- cific), National Ocean Service, NOAA, 1801 Fairview tor. When charted information becomes obsolete, fur- Avenue East, Seattle, WA 98102-3767. ther use of the chart for navigation may be dangerous.
422 ■ Appendix A ■ Volume 2 Coast Pilots (41) West Coast, North and South America. (42) Central and Western Pacific Ocean and Indian (23) U.S. Coast Pilot 1, Atlantic Coast, Eastport to Cape Cod. Ocean. (43) Supplemental Tidal Predictions–Anchorage, Nikiski, (24) U.S. Coast Pilot 2, Atlantic Coast, Cape Cod to Sandy Hook. Seldovia, and Valdez, Alaska. (25) U.S. Coast Pilot 3, Atlantic Coast, Sandy Hook to Tidal Current Tables Cape Henry. (44) Atlantic Coast, North America. (26) U.S. Coast Pilot 4, Atlantic Coast, Cape Henry to (45) Pacific Coast, North America and Asia. Key West. Regional Tide and Tidal Current Table (27) U.S. Coast Pilot 5, Atlantic Coast-Gulf of Mexico, Puerto Rico, and Virgin Islands. (46) New York to Chesapeake Bay. (28) U.S. Coast Pilot 6, Great Lakes, Lakes Ontario, Erie, Dates of Latest Editions Huron, Michigan and Superior, and St. Lawrence River. (47) Information concerning the dates of latest editions (29) U.S. Coast Pilot 7, Pacific Coast, California, Ore- for the full suite of NOAA’s nautical charts and U.S. gon, Washington, and Hawaii Coast Pilot volumes can be found at: http://www.nauti- calcharts.noaa.gov/mcd/dole.htm. (30) U.S. Coast Pilot 8, Pacific Coast Alaska, Dixon En- trance to Cape Spencer. Charts and Publications–Other U.S. Government Agencies (31) U.S. Coast Pilot 9, Pacific and Arctic Coasts, Alaska-Cape Spencer to Beaufort Sea. (48) A partial list of publications and charts considered of navigational value is included for the ready reference Reporting Coast Pilot deficiencies of the mariner. In addition to the agents located in the (32) Users are requested to report all significant dis- principal seaports handling publication sales, certain libraries have been designated by the Congress of the crepancies or additions to NOAA Coast Pilots, includ- United States to receive the publications as issued for ing depth information in privately maintained public review. channels and basins; obstructions, wrecks, and other dangers; new landmarks, landmarks that have moved Government Printing Office or been demolished; uncharted fixed private aids to (49) Publications of the U.S. Government Printing Of- navigation; and deletions or additions of small-craft fa- cilities. A form has been included at the back of this fice may be ordered from Superintendent of Docu- book (NOAA Form 77-6) which can be used to report ments, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, discrepancies. Discrepancies can also be reported using DC 20402-9325. Orders may be charged to Visa or the NOAA website at http://ocsdata.ncd.noaa.gov/dr/in- MasterCard by calling 202-512-1800 during normal quiry.asp. All correspondence regarding Coast Pilots business hours. Inquiries on availability, cost, etc. of should be addressed to: GPO publications may be addressed to a 24-hour FAX (33) Chief, Coast Pilot Branch number: 202-512-2250. (34) NOAA, SSMC3, N/CS51 (35) 1315 East-West Highway (36) Silver Spring, MD 20910-3282. (37) Note: Reported discrepancies and suggested changes to NOAA’s Coast Pilot are also examined for re- visions to the corresponding NOAA nautical charts. Distance Tables (38) Distances Between United States Ports (available National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency on the internet only at http://www.nauticalcharts.noaa. Procurement Information gov/nsd/distances-ports/). (50) Unclassified publications produced by the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) are available Tide Tables from the U.S. Government Printing Office, Superinten- dent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954, Pittsburgh, PA (39) Europe and West Coast of Africa. 15250-1954. Orders can be placed on the U.S. Govern- (40) East Coast, North and South America. ment Online Bookstore (http://bookstore.gpo.gov), by
■ Appendix A ■ 423 phone (202-512-1800) or by FAX (202-512-2250). Clas- (61) Light Lists (United States and Possessions): Pub- sified NGA publications and charts are available to au- lished by U.S. Coast Guard; for sale by the Government thorized users from National Geospatial-Intelligence Printing Office. (See Government Printing Office, early Agency Combat Support Center (Attn: PMSR), Wash- this appendix.) ington, DC 20315-0020. NGA Customer Assistance Of- fice may be contacted at 1-800-826-0342 or 287-2495 (62) List of Lights (Foreign Countries): Published by (Autovon). National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (see National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency Procurement Informa- Nautical Charts tion above). (51) U.S. Waters: (52) Apalachicola, Chattahoochee and Flint Rivers Nav- (63) Sailing Directions (Foreign Countries): Published by National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (see Na- igation Charts, Alabama River Charts, and Black War- tional Geospatial-Intelligence Agency Procurement In- rior-Tombigbee Rivers River Charts: Published and for formation above). sale by U.S. Army Engineer District Mobile, P.O. Box 2288, Mobile, AL 36602, Attn: Map Sales, LM-SR; tele- (64) Radio Navigational Aids, Pub. 117: Published by phone, 251-441-5631. National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (see National (53) Flood Control and Navigation Maps of the Missis- Geospatial-Intelligence Agency Procurement Informa- sippi River, Cairo, IL to the Gulf of Mexico: Published by tion above). Mississippi River Commission and for sale by U.S. Army Engineer District Vicksburg, 4155 Clay Street, (65) The Nautical Almanac, the Air Almanac, and As- Vicksburg, MS 39183-3435, Attn: Map Sales; telephone: tronomical Almanac: Published by U.S. Naval Observa- 601-631-5042. tory; for sale by Government Printing Office. (see (54) Upper Mississippi River Navigation Charts (Missis- Government Printing Office, early this appendix.) sippi River, Cairo, IL to Minneapolis, MN): Published and for sale by U.S. Army Engineer District Rock Is- (66) American Practical Navigator (Bowditch) (Pub. 9): land, Clock Tower Bldg., P.O. Box 2004, Rock Island, IL Published by National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency 61204-2004; telephone, 309-794-5338. (see National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency Procure- (55) Charts of the Illinois Waterway, from Mississippi ment Information above). River at Grafton, IL to Lake Michigan at Chicago and Calumet Harbors: Published and for sale by U.S. Army (67) International Code of Signals (Pub. 102): Pub- Engineer District Rock Island, Clock Tower Bldg., P.O. lished by National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (see Box 2004, Rock Island, IL 61204-2004; telephone, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency Procurement 309-794-5338. Information above). (56) Foreign Waters: Published by National Geospatial- Intelligence Agency (see National Geospatial-Intelli- (68) Marine Product Dissemination Information: gence Agency Procurement Information above). maintained by the National Weather Service on the (57) Marine Weather Services Charts: Published by the internet, (http://www.nws.noaa.gov/om/marine/home. National Weather Service; for sale by NOS Distribution htm). Division (see Sales Information above). (69) Navigation Rules: Navigation Rules, Interna- Publications tional-Inland (COMDTINST M16672.2 series): Pub- (58) Notices to Mariners: lished by the U.S. Coast Guard; for sale by Government (59) Electronic versions of the Local Notices to Mari- Printing Office. (see Government Printing Office, early this appendix.) ners are posted weekly on the U.S. Coast Guard Naviga- tion Center’s website at http://www.navcen.uscg.gov/ (70) Federal Requirements for Recreational Boats: lnm/default.htm. The National Geospatial-Intelligence Published by U.S. Coast Guard; available without Agency Notices to Mariners are available at: charge by contacting the toll free Boating Safety Hot- http://www.nga.mil/portal/site/maritime/. line (telephone, 800-368-5647). (60) Special Notice to Mariners are published annually in National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency Notice to (71) Port Series of the United States: Published and Mariners 1. These notices contain important informa- sold by U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Institute for Wa- tion of considerable interest to all mariners. Interested ter Resources, Navigation Data Center, (CEIWR- parties are advised to read these notices. NDC-N), 7701 Telegraph Road, Casey Building, Alexan- dria, VA 22315-3868; telephone 703-428-8059. National Ocean Service Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services (72) For Tide and Tidal Current Predictions: (73) Products and Services Division (N/OPS3) (74) Room 7115 (75) 1305 East-West Highway (76) Silver Spring, MD 20910-3281
424 ■ Appendix A ■ Volume 2 (77) TEL 301-713-2815 Exts. 123, 122 (voice) (108) It exercises jurisdiction, however, over all matters (78) FAX 301-713-4500 (24 hours) pertaining to the improvement of the Great Lakes to (79) EMAIL [email protected] Hudson River waterway. Under the direction of the Sec- retary of the Army, the district engineer, as Supervisor For Tide Observations, Datums and Levels, of New York Harbor, also exercises jurisdiction under Benchmark Sheets: the laws enacted for the preservation of the tidal waters (80) Products and Services Division (N/OPS3) of New York Harbor, its adjacent or tributary waters, (81) Room 7317 and the waters of Long Island Sound. (82) 1305 East-West Highway (83) Silver Spring, MD 20910-3281 Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Offices (84) TEL 301-713-2877 Exts. 128, 176 (109) Regional offices and States in the EPA coastal re- (85) FAX 301-713-4437 (24 hours) (86) EMAIL [email protected] gions: (87) PORTS® Information and Data (110) Region I (New Hampshire, Vermont, Maine, Mas- (88) Products and Services Division (N/OPS3) (89) Room 7317 sachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island): J. F. Kennedy (90) 1305 East-West Highway Federal Bldg., Room 2203, Boston, Mass. 02203. (91) Silver Spring, MD 20910-3281 (111) Region II (New Jersey, New York, Puerto Rico, Vir- (92) TEL 301-713-2877 Exts. 128, 176 gin Islands): 26 Federal Plaza, Room 1009, New York, (93) FAX 301-713-4437 (24 hours) N.Y. 10278. (94) EMAIL [email protected] (112) Region III (Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, District of Columbia, Pennsylvania): 841 Chestnut Street, Phil- Publishers of Tide Tables and Tidal Current Tables: adelphia, PA 19107. (95) ProStar Publications Inc. (113) Region IV (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, (96) 8643 Hayden Place South Carolina, North Carolina): 345 Courtland Street, (97) Culver City, CA 90232-2901 NE., Atlanta, Ga. 30365. (98) TEL (800) 481-6277 (114) Region V (Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, (99) FAX (800) 481-6277 Ohio, Wisconsin): 230 South Dearborn Street, Chi- (100) International Marine cago, Ill. 60604. (101) P.O. Box 547 (115) Region VI (Louisiana, Texas): 1445 Ross Avenue, (102) Backlick, OH 43004 Dallas, TX 75270. (103) TEL (800) 626-4729 (116) Region IX (California, Hawaii, Guam): 215 Fremont Street, San Francisco, Calif. 94105 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Offices (117) Region X (Alaska, Oregon, Washington): 1200 (104) New England District Office: 696 Virginia Road, Sixth Avenue, Seattle, Wash. 98101. Concord, MA 01742-2751. U.S. Coast Guard Navigation Center (NAVCEN) (105) The New England District covers all of New Eng- (118) The Navigation Center is the United States Coast land except western Vermont and small portions of Guard’s Navigation Center of Excellence. It is located Massachusetts and Connecticut along their western in Alexandria, VA, south of the Washington Beltway, on boundaries, and includes small portions of southeast- the grounds of the Coast Guard Telecommunications ern New York, all embraced in the drainage basins trib- and Information Systems Command (TISCOM) facility. utary to Long Island Sound and the Atlantic Ocean east (119) Formerly the “Omega Navigation Center”, of the New York-Connecticut State line. It also includes NAVCEN now controls 78 DGPS sites and 24 LORAN Fishers Island, N.Y. stations across the United States (approximately half of (106) New York District Office: 26 Federal Plaza, New the DGPS sites and LORAN stations are controlled by York, NY 10278-00090. the Navigation Center Detachment in Petaluma, Cali- (107) The New York District includes western Vermont, fornia). In addition, NAVCEN has responsibility for the small portions of western Massachusetts and Connecti- development of high accuracy DGPS, and the develop- cut, eastern and south-central New York, including ment of new navigation technologies such as the use of Long Island, and northeastern New Jersey embraced in inertial and enhanced LORAN to back up GPS. the drainage basins tributary to Lake Champlain and (120) For further information and/or operational ques- the St. Lawrence River system east thereof and to the tions regarding GPS, DGPS, OR LORAN-C, contact: Atlantic Ocean from the New York-Connecticut State (121) Commanding Officer line to, but not including, Manasquan Inlet, N.J. (122) U.S. Coast Guard Navigation Center (123) 7323 Telegraph Road
■ Appendix A ■ 425 (124) Alexandria, VA 22315 (139) Cape Cod Canal (41°46.4'N., 70°30.0'W.). East en- (125) TEL: 703-313-5900; FAX: 703-313-5920; trance to the canal, near Sandwich, Mass. (126) Email: [email protected]; (127) Website: http://www.navcen.uscg.gov/ (140) Cape Cod Coast Guard Air Station (41°37.5'N., 70°31.5'W.). On Cape Cod at Otis Air Force Base. Coast Guard District Offices (128) Commander, First Coast Guard District, 408 Atlan- (141) Provincetown (42°02.7'N., 70°11.6'W.). On south- west side of harbor, about 0.4 mile southwest of town tic Avenue, Boston, MA, 02210-3350. Maine; New pier. Hampshire; Vermont; Massachusetts; Rhode Island; Connecticut; New York except that part north of lati- (142) Chatham (41°40.3'N., 69°57.0'W.). Southeastern tude 42°N. and west of longitude 74°39'W; that part of Cape Cod, near Chatham Light. New Jersey north 40°18'N., east of 74°30'W., and north- east of a line from 40°18'N., 74°30.5'W. north-north- (143) Woods Hole (41°31.2'N., 70°40.0'W.). On west side westerly to the New York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania of Little Harbor, about 450 yards northward of Juniper boundaries at Tristate; all U.S. Naval reservations on Point. shore at Newfoundland; the ocean area encompassed by the Search and Rescue boundary between Canada (144) Brant Point (41°17.4'N., 70°05.5'W.). On west side and the United States easterly to 63°W.; thence due of entrance to Nantucket Harbor, near Brant Point south to 41°N.; thence southwesterly along a line bear- Light. ing 219°T to the point of intersection at 37°00'N., 67°13'W. with a line bearing 122°T from the New Jersey (145) Menemsha (41°21.0'N., 70°45.9'W.). West end of shoreline at 40°18'N. (just south of the Shrewsbury Martha’s Vineyard, near Menemsha Light. River); thence northwesterly along this line to the coast. (146) Rhode Island: (129) Note: A Marine Safety Office combines the func- (147) Castle Hill (41°27.7'N., 71°21.5'W.). On west shore tions of the Captain of the Port and Marine Inspection Office. of Newport Neck, near Castle Hill Light. (130) The symbol (D) preceding an office indicates that a (148) Point Judith (41°21.7'N., 71°28.9'W.). On Point Ju- Documentation Office is at the same address. (131) Coast Guard Marine Safety Offices dith near Point Judith Light, 0.5 mile east of Point Ju- (132) (D) Boston, MA: 447 Commercial Street, 02109-1096. dith Harbor of Refuge. (133) Portland, ME: 103 Commercial Street, 04101-4726. (149) Connecticut: (134) Providence, RI: 20 Risho Avenue, East Providence, (150) New London (41°20.7'N., 72°05.7'W.). At Fort RI 02914-1208. Trumbull, on west side of main channel northward of (135) Group/MSO Long Island Sound: 120 Woodward Av- Greens Harbor. enue, New Haven, CT 06512-3698. (151) New Haven (41°16.4'N., 72°54.2'W.). On the north (136) New York: 212 Coast Guard Drive, Staten Island, side of the jutting point, about 1.5 miles northward of NY 10305-5005. Lighthouse Point. (152) New York: Coast Guard Stations (153) Fishers Island (41°15.4'N., 72°01.9'W.). In Silver (137) The stations listed are in the area covered by this Eel Pond, on east end of island (manned during sum- mer months only). Coast Pilot. They have search and rescue capabilities (154) Eatons Neck (40°57.3'N., 73°23.9'W.). Near Eatons and may provide lookout, communication, and/or pa- Neck Light, north shore of Long Island, east side of en- trol functions to assist vessels in distress. The National trance to Huntington Bay. VHF-FM Distress System provides continuous coastal (155) Montauk Point (41°04.3'N., 71°56.1'W.). In Montauk radio coverage outwards to 20 miles on channel 16. Af- Harbor, Long Island. ter contact on channel 16, communications with the (156) Shinnecock (40°51.0'N., 72°30.3'W.). East side of Coast Guard should be on channel 22A. If channel 22 is Ponquogue Point, 1.3 miles northwest of Shinnecock not available to the mariner, communications may be Inlet. made on channel 12. Selected stations guard the Inter- (157) Moriches (40°47.3'N., 72°45.0'W.). On the east side national Radiotelephone Distress, Safety and Calling of the entrance to Tuthill Cove. Frequencies. (158) Fire Island (40°37.5'N., 73°15.6'W.). Near west end (138) Massachusetts: of island, 1.9 miles west-southward of Fire Island Light. (159) Jones Beach (40°35.4'N., 73°33.4'W.). Near west end of Jones Beach. (160) Kings Point (40°48.8'N., 73°45.9'W.) at the en- trance to Little Neck Bay. (161) New York (40°36.7'N., 74°03.7'W.). On the west side of the Narrows, about 0.5 mile above Fort Wadsworth at Rosebank, Staten Island. (162) New Jersey:
426 ■ Appendix A ■ Volume 2 (163) Sandy Hook (40°28.2'N., 74°00.8'W.). On the Bay Coast Guard Maritime Safety Line side, 0.5 mile south of the northern extremely of Sandy (176) For current local waterway information, port open- Hook. ings, closures, and restrictions from the Mississippi Coast Guard Radio Broadcasts River to the Atlantic Ocean, telephone 1-800-682-1796. (164) Urgent, safety, and scheduled marine information U.S. NAVTEX Transmitting Stations broadcasts are made by Coast Guard radio stations. In (177) NAVTEX coverage is reasonably continuous to 200 general, these broadcasts provide information vital to vessels operating in the approaches and coastal waters NM off the U.S. East, Gulf and West Coasts; Puerto of the United States including Puerto Rico and U.S. Vir- Rico; Southwest Alaska; Hawaii; and 300-400 NM off gin Islands. Transmissions are as follows: Guam. U.S. Coast Guard NAVTEX broadcast stations (165) By radiotelephone: (a) upon receipt; (b) repeated and message content follow: 15 minutes later, (for urgent messages only); (c) text (178) Boston (NMF)(Station F) only on the first scheduled broadcast unless canceled; (179) First Coast Guard District Broadcast Notices to (d) additional broadcasts at the discretion of the origi- Mariners. nator. (180) Distress Urgent, and Safety messages. (166) Urgent broadcasts are preceded by the urgent sig- (181) International Ice Patrol Reports (in season). nal PAN-PAN. Both the urgent signal and message are (182) Gale, storm, and hurricane warnings. transmitted on 2182 kHz, and VHF-FM channel 16. (183) Offshore marine weather forecasts for: (167) Safety broadcasts are preceded by the signal (184) New England continental shelf to 1000 fathoms; SECURITY. After the preliminary safety signal is broad- (185) Gulf of Maine; cast on 2182 kHz and VHF-FM channel 16, broadcast (186) Georges Bank; stations will shift to 2670 kHz and VHF-FM channel (187) South of New England; 22A, respectively. (188) South of Nova Scotia. (189) Broadcast times: 0045, 0445, 0845, 1245, 1645, Scheduled broadcasts 2045 GMT. (168) The following Coast Guard radio stations make (190) Portsmouth (NMN)(Station N) (191) Fifth Coast Guard District Broadcast Notices to scheduled broadcasts, preceded by a preliminary call Mariners. on 2182 kHz and VHF-FM channel 16 at the times and (192) Distress, Urgent, and Safety messages. frequencies indicated (VHF-FM channel 22A control (193) Gale, storm, and hurricane warnings. stations are given, followed by remote antenna sites.): (194) Offshore marine weather forecasts for the west (169) NMF, Boston, 2670 kHz, 1140 and 2340 e.s.t. central North Atlantic from 32°N to 40°N and west of (170) NMF-7, Boston, channel 22a 0535 and 1735 e.s.t., 65°W including the continental shelf to 1000 fathoms. antennas: Boston Bank Building, Boston (42°21.5'N., (195) Broadcast times: 0130, 0530, 0930, 1330, 1730, 71°03.5'W.), Eastern Point, Gloucester (42°34.8'N., 2130 GMT. 70°39.9'W.). (196) Miami (NMA)(Station A) (171) NMF-2, Woods Hold, MA channel 22A, 0505 and (197) Seventh Coast Guard District Broadcast Notices to 1705 e.s.t., antennas: Pilgrim Monument, Provincetown Mariners. (42°03'N.,70°11'W.), Nobska Point, Woods Hole (198) Distress, Urgent, and Safety messages. (41°31'N., 70°39.5'W.), Brant Point, Nantucker Harbor (199) Gale, storm, and hurricane warnings. (41°17.5'N., 70°06'W.). (200) Offshore marine weather forecasts for the south- (172) NMY-41, East Moriches, Long Island, 2670 kHz west North Atlantic south of 32°N and west of 65°W. 0710 and 1910 e.s.t., antenna: 1.5 miles north of (201) Broadcast times: 0000, 0400, 0800, 1200, 1600, Moriches Inlet (40°47.3'N., 72°44.9'W.). 2000 GMT. (173) Channel 22A, 0710 and 1919 e.s.t., antennas: atop (202) San Juan (NMR)(Station R) Montauk Point Light, 1.2 miles northwest of (203) Greater Antilles Section Broadcast Notices to Mari- Shinnecock Inlet (40°50.9'N., 72°30.2'W.), and Fire Is- ners. land CG Station (40°37.3'N., 73°15.7'W.). (204) Distress, Urgent, and Safety messages. (174) NMK, Atlantic City , 2670 kHz, 0603 and 1803 e.s.t., (205) Gale, storm, and hurricane warnings. antenna: Cape May. (206) Offshore marine weather forecasts for: (175) Channel 22A 0603 and 1803 e.s.t., antennas: (207) Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands water out 20 NM; Manasquan, Barnegat, Atlantic City, and Fortescue. (208) Eastern Caribbean Sea east of 75°W. (209) Broadcast times: 0200, 0600, 1000, 1400, 1800, 2200 GMT.
■ Appendix A ■ 427 (210) New Orleans (NMG)(Station G) offshore marine weather forecasts at the times and fre- (211) Eighth Coast Guard District Broadcast Notices to quencies indicated: (234) NMN, Portsmouth, Va.: Mariners. (235) 4426.0 kHz, 0030, 0500, and 2300 e.s.t. (212) Distress, Urgent, and Safety messages. (236) 6501.0 kHz, 0030, 0500, 0630, 1100, 1700, 1830, (213) Gale, storm, and hurricane warnings. and 2300 e.s.t. (214) Offshore marine weather forecasts for the Gulf of (237) 8764.0 kHz, 0030, 0500, 0630, 1100, 1230, 1700, 1830, and 2300 e.s.t. Mexico. (238) 13089.0 kHz, 0630, 1100, 1230, 1700, and 1830 (215) Broadcast times: 0300, 0900, 1500, 2100 GMT. e.s.t. (239) 17314.0 kHz, 1230 e.s.t. (216) Customs Ports of Entry and Stations (240) Marine Weather Services Charts are available for (217) Vessels may be entered and cleared at any port of the areas covered by this Coast Pilot: (241) Eastport, ME to Montauk Point, N.Y. entry or customs station, but at the latter only with ad- (242) Montauk Point, NY to Manasquan, NJ. vance authorization from the Customs Service district (243) VHF-FM weather broadcast schedules of Coast director. Current contact information is available at Guard radio stations are also listed in the description of http://www.customs.gov/. Information for pleasure Coast Guard Radio Broadcasts found elsewhere in this boats and private flyers is available at http://www.cus- appendix. toms.gov/xp/cgov/travel/. (218) Northeast Region NOAA Weather Radio (219) Boston District: (244) National Weather Service VHF-FM radio stations (220) Port of Entry: New Bedford and Fall River, Mass.; New London, Hartford, New Haven, and Bridgeport, provide mariners with continuous FM broadcasts of Conn. weather warnings, forecasts, radar reports, and surface (221) Customs Station: Provicetown, Mass. (supervised weather observations. These stations usually transmit by Plymouth port of entry). on 162.55, 162.475, or 162.40 MHz. Reception range is (222) Providence District: up to 40 miles from the antenna site, depending on the (223) Ports of Entry: Newport and Providence, R.I. terrain, type of receiver, and antenna used. The follow- (224) New York Region ing VHF-FM radio stations with location of antenna are (225) New York District: in or near the area covered by this Coast Pilot: (226) Ports of Entry: Albany and New York, N.Y.; Perth (245) KHB-35, Boston, Mass. (42°12'N., 71°06'W.), 162.475 Amboy, N.J. MHz. (246) KEC-73, Hyannis, Mass. (42°41'N., 70°20'W.), 162.55 National Weather Service Offices MHz. (227) The following offices will provide forecasts and cli- (247) WXJ-39, Providence, R.I. (41°48'N., 71°28'W.), 162.40 MHz. matological data or arrange to obtain these services (248) WXJ-42, Meriden, Conn. (41°33'N., 72°50'W.), 162.40 from other offices. They will also check barometers in MHz. their offices or by telephone; refer to the local tele- (249) KHB-47, New London, Conn. (41°26'N., 72°08'W.), phone directory for numbers. 162.44 MHz. (228) Bridgeport, CT: Sikorsky Memorial Airport, (250) WXM-80, Riverhead, NY (40°53'N., 72°43'W.), 162.475 Stratford, CT 06497. MHz. (229) Hartford, CT: Bradley International Airport, Wind- (251) KWO-35, New York, N.Y. (40°45'N., 73°58'W.), 162.55 sor Locks, CT 06096. MHz. (230) Newark, NJ: Newark International Airport, Build- (252) The National Weather Service provides Radio Fac- ing 51, Room 421, 07114. simile Weather Information for east coast waters (231) New York, NY: 30 Rockeller Plaza, Mezzanine Floor through the Coast Guard Communications Station Room 9, 10112. Boston (NMF). Broadcasts are made on the following (232) Providence, RI: T.F. Green Airport, 562 Airport frequencies: 4235 (02z, 08z), 6340.5, 9110, 12750 (14z) Road, Warwick, RI 02886. kHz. For carrier frequency, subtract 1.9 kHz. Fax schedules are transmitted at 0243 and 1405 GMT, and Radio Weather Broadcasts provide area coverage and descriptions of services. For (233) Taped or direct broadcasts of marine weather fore- further information, go to http://www.nws.noaa.gov/ om/marine/radiofax.htm. casts and storm warnings are made by commercial and Coast Guard radio stations in the area covered by this Coast Pilot. The Coast Guard broadcasts coastal and
428 ■ Appendix A ■ Volume 2 Marine Weather Forecasts Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant (253) Scheduled coastal marine forecasts are issued four Health Inspection Service (APHIS) Offices (273) Listed below are ports covered by this volume times daily by National Weather Service Offices. For where APHIS inspectors are available to inspect plants, further information on coastal marine forecasts as well and plant and animal products, and locations of Animal as additional types of forecasts, go to http://www.nws. Import Centers where livestock and birds are in- noaa.gov/om/marine/forecast.htm. spected. (274) Information on importation of plants, animals, and Space Environment Center (SEC) plant and animal products is available from APHIS, De- (254) The Space Environment Center disseminates space partment of Agriculture, Federal Building, 6505 Belcrest Road, Hyattsville, Md. 20782. The specific of- weather alerts and forecasts (information concerning fices to contact are as follows: for plants, including solar activity, radio propagation, etc.). fruits and vegetables, and plant products, Plant Protec- (255) For general information write or call: tion and Quarantine, Room 635, telephone, (256) NOAA, National Weather Service 301-436-6799; for animal products, Import-Export An- (257) National Center for Environmental Prediction imals and Products Staff, Room 756A, telephone (258) Space Environment Center, W/NP9 301-436-7885; and for live ruminants, swine, equines, (259) 325 Broadway and poultry and other birds, Veterinary Services, Im- (260) Boulder, CO 80305 port-Export Animals and Products Staff, Room 764, (261) Telephone (303) 497-3171 telephone, 301-436-8590. (262) Website: http://www.sec.noaa.gov/ (275) Connecticut: (276) Wallingford: Federal Bldg., P.O. Box 631, 06492. Public Health Service Quarantine Stations (277) Massachusetts: (263) Stations where quarantine examinations are per- (278) Boston: U.S. Custom House 02109; Logan Interna- tional Airport, East Boston 02128. formed: (279) New Jersey: (264) Boston: U.S. Quarantine Station. Logan Interna- (280) Hoboken: 209 River Street 07030. (281) New York: tional Airport, East Boston, Mass. 02128. (282) Albany: 80 Wolf Road, Suite 503, 12205. (265) New York: U.S. Quarantine Station, International (283) New York: 26 Federal Plaza 10007. (284) New York; John F. Kennedy International Airport, Arrivals Bldg., J.F. Kennedy International Airport, Ja- International Arrivals Bldg., Jamaica 11430. maica, NY 11430-1081. (285) Rhode Island:. (266) At other ports, quarantine and/or medical exami- (286) Warwick: 48 Quaker Lane, West Warwick 02893. nations are usually performed by Public Health Service contract personnel or by quarantine inspectors from the nearest quarantine station. Inquiries concerning quarantine matters should be directed to the nearest quarantine station. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Regional Animal Import Centers: Offices (287) Honolulu, Hawaii: 300 Ala Moana Boulevard, (267) Northeast Region (New York, Maine, Connecticut, New Hampshire, Vermont, Rhode Island): 830 Third 96850. Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11232. (288) Miami, Fla.: 8120 NW 53rd Street, Suite 102, (268) Mid-Atlantic Region (Delaware, Pennsylvania, Vir- ginia, Maryland, Ohio, New Jersey): U.S. Customhouse, 33166. 2nd and Chestnut Streets, Philadelphia, PA 19106. (289) Rock Tavern, N.Y.: New York Animal Import Center, (269) Southeast Region (South Carolina, North Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Louisiana, Mississippi, Florida, Stewart Airport, Rural Route 1, Box 74, 12575. Puerto Rico): 60 Eight Street, N.E., Atlanta, GA 30309. (270) Midwest Region (Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Wis- Immigration and Naturalization Service Offices consin): 20 N. Michigan Avenue, Chicago, IL 60602. (290) Connecticut: (271) Southwest Region (Texas): 3032 Bryan Street, Dal- (291) Hartford: Ribicoff Federal Bldg., 450 Main Street las, TX 75204. (272) Pacific Region (California, Hawaii, Alaska, Wash- 06103-3060. ington, Oregon): 50 U.N. Plaza, San Francisco, CA (292) Massachusetts: 94102. (293) Boston: John F. Kennedy Federal Bldg., Govern- ment Center 02203. (294) New Jersey: (295) Newark: Federal Bldg., 970 Broad Street 07102. (296) New York:
■ Appendix A ■ 429 (297) Albany: U.S. Post Office and Courthouse, 445 Radio shore stations providing medical Broadway 12207. advice (298) Flushing: Flushing Federal Savings Bldg., 136-21 (310) Messages to shore stations may be transmitted in Roosevelt Avenue 11354. code groups or plain language; messages should be signed by the master and be prefixed RADIOMEDICAL. (299) New York: 26 Federal Plaza 10278. The following stations will provide radio services for (300) Rhode Island: medical advice. (See Medical advice, chapter 1.) (301) Providence: John O. Pastore Federal Bldg.-U.S. (311) NMF, Sandwich, Cape Cod, MA, U.S. Coast Guard Post Office, Exchange Terrace 02903. on HF single-sideband radiotelephone channels 424 (4134 kHz), 601 (6200 kHz), 816 (8240 kHz), or 1205 Federal Communications Commission Offices (12242 kHz). (302) District Field Offices: (303) Boston MA: 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA (312) WCC, Chatham, Cape Cod, MA, RCA Global Com- munications, Inc. maintains a continuous guard on 02169-7495. 500 kHz. (304) New York, NY: 201 Varick St., Suite 1151, New Measured Courses York, NY 10014-4870. (305) Telephone toll-free: 1-888-225-5322; (1-888-CALL- (313) The positions of measured courses are shown on the chart and their description is included in the Coast FCC) to report radio communications interference Pilots when information is reported to the National issues. Ocean Service. Courses are located in the following places covered by this Coast Pilot: Canadian Government Agencies (314) Beach Channel, along south shore of Jamaica Bay (306) Director General, Canadian Hydrographic Service, 12350. Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Ottawa, Ontario, KIA OE6, Canada. (315) Captain Harbor, on south side of Great Captain Is- land 12367. (307) Hydrographic Chart Distribution Office, Depart- ment of Fisheries and Oceans, P.O. Box 8080, 1675 Rus- (316) Eatons Neck, on west side of Eatons Neck 12365. sell Road, Ottawa, Ontario, K1G 3H6, Canada. (317) Port Jefferson, off Port Jefferson Harbor 12362. (318) Sandy Hook Bay, on south side of Sandy Hook Bay (308) Canadian Coast Guard, Department of Fisheries and Oceans, 340 Slater Street, Ottawa, Ontario K1A off Municipal Yacht Basin 12327. ON7, Canada. (319) The pages in the text describing the courses can be (309) Canadian Communications Group, 45 Sacre-Coeur obtained by referring to the index for the geographic Boulevard, Hull, Quebec K1A 0S9, Canada. places; chart numbers follows the names.
430 ■ Appendix A ■ Volume 2
■ Appendix B ■ 431 Appendix B
432 ■ Appendix B ■ Volume 2 CLIMATOLOGICAL TABLES T = trace (not measurable) amount of precipitation Miss or blank is a missing value NANTUCKET, MA (41°15'N, 70°04'W) 43 feet (13.1 m) WEATHER ELEMENTS JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC YEAR YEARS OF RECORD SEA LEVEL PRESSURE* 1016.0 29 Mean (millibars) 1016.0 1015.6 1014.0 1014.6 1015.6 1014.7 1015.6 1015.9 1018.1 1017.7 1016.4 1017.1 49.6 56.1 34 TEMPERATURE (°F) 42.6 34 100 34 Mean 31.5 31.6 36.8 44.5 52.8 61.8 68.5 68.5 62.7 54.3 45.9 36.4 34 -3 34 Mean daily maximum 38.0 37.9 42.9 51.0 59.7 68.5 75.1 74.9 69.4 61.0 52.2 42.9 34.5 29 Mean daily minimum 24.5 24.7 30.2 37.4 45.4 54.5 61.4 61.6 55.5 47.0 39.1 29.4 20.9 29 Extreme (highest) 63 58 62 77 84 90 92 100 86 82 74 60 18.1 29 16.2 29 Extreme (lowest) -1 0 7 20 28 35 47 39 34 22 18 -3 44.8 29 RELATIVE HUMIDITY 41.4 34 60.3 34 Average percentage 35.5 30.7 15.1 21.4 31.2 22.2 30.9 34.5 56.1 51.7 38.7 45.8 25.3 34 6.4 34 CLOUD COVER 180 28 Percent of time clear 20.6 21.7 22.7 21.9 20.4 17.7 16.3 20.9 25.0 26.4 18.3 18.7 29.6 28 73.4 28 Percent of time scattered 14.3 16.1 16.0 15.8 16.8 20.1 20.5 20.9 19.6 20.0 18.4 18.7 28 T 28 Percent of time broken 12.8 13.7 13.5 14.0 16.2 19.3 20.1 19.3 17.2 16.8 16.8 14.8 14.9 28 42 Percent of time overcast 52.3 48.6 47.9 48.3 46.5 42.9 43.0 39.0 38.2 36.8 46.4 47.9 29 0.38 29 PRECIPITATION (inches) 11.3 29 Mean amount 4.0 3.6 3.7 3.5 3.2 2.2 2.5 3.2 3.4 3.4 4.1 4.3 6.3 29 5.3 29 Greatest amount 8.2 7.9 8.8 8.4 10.3 6.8 7.4 6.7 9.4 7.4 7.8 9.7 4.9 29 4.1 29 Least amount 1.1 0.7 0.6 1.3 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.8 1.2 1.3 3.8 29 3.4 29 Maximum amount (24 hours) 2.7 2.2 2.3 3.1 6.4 2.6 4.3 3.3 4.9 3.0 4.9 4.2 3.7 29 4.3 29 Mean number of days 19 16 18 15 15 12 12 13 12 13 16 19 6.3 29 7.4 29 SNOW 10.3 29 9.8 29 Mean amount 7.7 8.7 6.3 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 T 0.2 5.9 6.9 29 7.9 29 Greatest amount 38.9 35.1 40.2 9.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 T 2.7 24.7 8.0 29 6.3 29 Least amount T T T 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 T 1.6 29 Maximum amount (24 hours) 12.8 14.9 13.6 7.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 T 2.2 15.5 11.7 29 12.8 29 Mean number of days 11 10 8 2 0 0 0 0 0 Miss 2 9 11.9 29 11.4 29 WIND 10.6 29 11.5 29 Percentage with gales 0.22 0.42 0.41 0.34 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.17 0.14 0.28 0.27 11.0 29 10.7 29 Mean wind speed (knots) 12.4 12.8 12.9 12.4 11.1 10.2 9.4 9.3 10.0 11.0 11.4 12.0 10.3 29 11.0 29 Direction (percentage of observations) 10.8 29 11.6 29 North 8.1 7.8 7.3 6.8 5.1 3.5 3.6 4.9 6.0 7.1 7.6 7.6 11.2 29 11.9 29 North Northeast 3.6 4.1 5.0 7.0 5.2 4.7 3.2 5.4 8.1 7.4 5.8 3.8 12.1 29 12.2 Northeast 2.9 4.4 4.4 4.7 5.1 4.9 3.5 5.3 8.1 7.9 4.6 3.4 28 200 East Northeast 3.0 3.7 4.4 4.1 5.1 3.7 2.6 3.3 6.1 5.9 4.1 3.7 East 2.7 3.6 4.6 3.8 3.9 3.1 2.9 3.4 4.9 5.0 3.7 3.8 East Southeast 2.6 3.5 4.0 3.3 4.0 3.1 2.9 3.5 3.5 4.2 3.5 2.8 Southeast 2.9 3.0 3.6 3.9 5.2 4.1 3.8 3.8 3.4 3.5 3.9 2.8 South Southeast 3.2 3.5 3.4 4.3 5.0 5.0 5.3 5.2 5.0 4.2 4.2 3.6 South 4.0 4.0 4.9 6.1 6.9 8.5 9.3 8.8 7.1 5.4 5.6 5.0 South Southwest 4.6 3.9 4.6 6.7 9.9 12.9 13.1 11.8 7.4 5.3 4.6 3.7 Southwest 4.6 5.6 6.5 10.4 13.9 18.6 18.8 15.0 11.0 8.6 6.4 4.4 West Southwest 6.2 6.9 7.8 12.0 12.5 13.1 14.6 12.7 9.7 9.0 6.5 6.3 West 7.9 8.4 8.0 7.7 5.5 5.8 6.7 6.4 6.1 6.4 7.1 7.0 West Northwest 14.3 13.4 10.5 6.3 3.7 3.3 3.3 3.8 4.1 6.7 11.5 13.6 Northwest 16.3 13.6 11.1 6.2 3.5 2.2 2.4 2.6 3.5 6.0 11.6 16.3 North Northwest 11.4 8.8 8.9 6.0 4.2 2.4 2.5 3.1 4.5 5.5 7.6 10.5 Calm 2.1 1.6 1.2 1.1 1.4 1.3 1.7 1.7 1.8 2.0 1.7 2.0 Direction (mean speed, knots) North 11.9 12.4 12.9 13.2 11.2 10.1 9.8 9.8 11.2 11.8 11.6 11.8 North Northeast 13.3 14.1 15.1 15.0 13.0 12.1 11.0 11.5 11.9 12.5 11.7 11.8 Northeast 13.9 13.4 13.9 13.0 12.9 11.8 10.0 10.5 10.3 12.3 10.2 11.0 East Northeast 12.9 12.6 13.5 12.7 11.7 10.4 9.1 9.4 10.3 10.8 11.0 11.5 East 12.3 12.8 13.1 12.2 10.4 9.3 7.9 8.4 9.0 9.6 10.6 11.3 East Southeast 11.7 13.7 14.0 12.3 11.0 9.8 8.6 9.2 10.3 11.5 12.0 13.0 Southeast 12.8 13.4 12.9 12.4 10.9 9.5 8.6 8.5 9.6 10.6 11.5 13.3 South Southeast 12.8 13.4 12.7 12.2 10.4 9.6 8.5 9.0 10.0 9.6 10.9 12.8 South 11.4 12.1 12.1 11.8 9.8 9.4 9.2 8.8 9.5 9.5 11.6 11.3 South Southwest 12.7 12.7 13.0 12.4 11.1 10.2 10.1 9.6 10.6 10.7 11.7 12.1 Southwest 12.3 12.0 11.5 11.9 11.3 10.4 10.1 9.5 9.8 11.3 11.7 12.0 West Southwest 12.6 12.7 13.0 12.8 12.1 10.9 10.0 9.9 10.5 11.7 12.5 13.5 West 12.4 13.6 12.9 12.0 10.4 10.1 9.2 8.8 8.8 10.6 11.3 12.2 West Northwest 13.0 13.8 13.1 11.8 9.9 9.9 8.7 7.9 9.0 10.6 11.9 12.2 Northwest 12.8 13.0 13.4 12.2 10.5 9.9 8.5 8.2 9.4 11.9 11.6 12.4 North Northwest 13.1 12.5 13.2 12.1 11.4 10.1 9.6 10.5 11.4 12.2 12.4 12.6 VISIBILITY Mean number of days with fog 14 12 15 16 19 21 23 22 17 14 14 13 * Sea level pressure is station pressure reduced to sea level These tables were prepared by the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), National Environmental Satellite, Data & Information Service (NESDIS), NOAA
■ Appendix B ■ 433 CLIMATOLOGICAL TABLES T = trace (not measurable) amount of precipitation Miss or blank is a missing value NEWPORT, RI (41°32'N, 71°21'W) 10 feet (3 m) WEATHER ELEMENTS JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC YEAR YEARS OF RECORD SEA LEVEL PRESSURE* 1017.9 2 Mean (millibars) 1019.6 1018.2 1017.3 1017.8 1017.8 1015.7 1016.2 1017.7 1019.8 1018.7 1017.0 1018.3 51.1 58.6 34 TEMPERATURE (°F) 43.1 34 98 34 Mean 30.8 31.6 38.2 47.0 56.2 65.0 71.1 70.9 64.6 55.2 45.9 35.3 34 -9 34 Mean daily maximum 38.1 38.9 45.6 55.1 64.4 72.9 78.6 78.1 72.1 62.8 53.0 42.4 12.3 3 Mean daily minimum 23.0 23.8 30.3 38.4 47.4 56.6 63.1 63.2 56.6 47.1 38.3 27.6 23.7 3 24.5 3 Extreme (highest) 65 65 74 86 89 93 96 98 93 81 75 65 39.5 3 Extreme (lowest) -9 -3 3 10 25 37 41 41 35 26 11 -5 45.0 35 63.4 35 CLOUD COVER 27.6 35 7.8 35 Percent of time clear 11.7 10.6 6.6 10.2 10.1 10.3 18.6 13.9 15.7 15.6 12.4 11.3 178 14 Percent of time scattered 26.0 29.0 27.5 26.1 29.5 22.4 15.0 17.5 19.1 19.9 22.2 31.9 20.3 32 44.5 32 Percent of time broken 24.0 21.2 22.4 19.9 26.7 26.9 29.4 26.6 23.6 26.2 29.7 17.1 1.5 32 20.0 32 Percent of time overcast 38.3 39.2 43.5 43.8 33.8 40.4 37.0 42.0 41.6 38.3 35.7 39.7 26 14 PRECIPITATION (inches) 0.10 2 7.5 2 Mean amount 3.8 3.6 4.4 4.2 3.5 3.0 2.9 3.2 3.6 3.3 4.5 4.3 8.8 2 Greatest amount 11.8 6.5 10.6 10.5 8.9 9.2 6.4 12.9 10.6 6.4 9.8 8.9 6.6 2 9.0 2 Least amount 0.9 0.8 1.1 1.1 0.8 0.6 0.8 0.4 0.2 1.5 0.8 0.9 1.8 2 3.0 2 Maximum amount (24 hours) 2.7 2.6 4.4 3.7 4.8 3.0 3.2 4.4 7.8 2.7 3.9 3.1 1.6 2 4.7 2 Mean number of days 16 15 16 16 16 14 14 14 13 12 15 17 2.0 2 6.6 2 SNOW 8.8 2 19.6 2 Mean amount 7.2 6.6 2.5 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 T 0.5 3.4 6.1 2 6.4 2 Greatest amount 30.5 28.0 15.0 5.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 T 6.0 13.6 3.5 2 8.6 2 Least amount 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.6 2 20.3 2 Maximum amount (24 hours) 10.0 20.0 6.5 5.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 T 6.0 11.0 7.5 2 Mean number of days 7 8 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 Miss 1 5 8.0 2 7.1 2 WIND 6.5 2 6.0 2 Percentage with gales 0.47 0.00 0.16 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.15 0.00 0.17 0.00 0.19 6.3 2 6.4 2 Mean wind speed (knots) 8.9 9.4 8.7 8.4 7.1 6.1 5.1 5.6 6.2 7.3 9.2 9.0 6.5 2 6.8 2 Direction (percentage of observations) 7.2 2 8.4 2 North 10.4 12.9 9.9 7.7 7.6 3.0 6.4 7.5 10.1 8.2 8.8 13.7 8.1 2 8.2 2 North Northeast 4.9 6.4 8.4 6.5 8.3 6.3 4.6 4.9 8.4 6.0 7.8 7.8 7.3 2 7.8 2 Northeast 8.0 10.1 8.7 13.7 12.0 6.4 8.0 8.5 9.9 10.8 6.3 5.5 7.4 2 East Northeast 1.9 3.3 2.3 1.7 1.2 0.5 1.6 2.1 2.6 2.2 1.3 0.6 77 14 East 2.8 3.3 5.4 2.9 4.9 3.4 3.6 2.4 1.8 1.8 1.5 1.3 East Southeast 0.8 0.8 1.9 2.6 2.3 1.4 1.0 1.9 1.9 2.0 1.0 1.5 Southeast 2.7 1.3 5.4 7.2 6.3 5.5 6.2 4.3 4.7 6.8 2.9 2.8 South Southeast 0.6 1.5 2.0 3.1 2.5 1.1 3.3 1.9 3.7 2.0 1.9 0.8 South 3.9 3.1 6.2 6.5 6.3 8.8 10.7 9.3 10.2 7.0 3.1 2.1 South Southwest 5.4 4.3 6.8 10.2 11.4 14.6 12.7 13.0 9.4 8.0 4.8 3.6 Southwest 15.7 20.6 12.2 20.5 20.6 28.9 21.2 21.1 18.5 21.3 20.3 13.3 West Southwest 7.4 5.1 4.2 3.2 4.8 6.7 4.6 6.7 3.7 6.7 10.9 10.8 West 14.3 7.8 8.7 4.1 3.5 2.7 3.4 3.3 4.7 5.2 8.4 12.0 West Northwest 3.9 3.8 4.8 2.4 2.1 3.9 3.1 1.9 2.3 2.3 6.1 6.8 Northwest 15.3 11.2 10.9 4.4 4.0 5.1 5.9 8.1 6.0 6.8 12.2 14.0 North Northwest 1.9 4.5 2.0 2.7 2.1 1.3 3.3 2.8 1.5 2.8 2.7 3.2 Calm 0.0 63.7 0.2 0.7 57.9 0.3 0.7 0.1 0.5 56.8 80.7 0.2 Direction (mean speed, knots) North 8.2 9.3 8.8 7.4 6.2 5.7 5.5 4.7 6.9 6.9 6.7 9.7 North Northeast 9.6 8.7 10.5 7.4 6.5 4.6 5.3 5.1 6.2 11.7 11.3 8.5 Northeast 8.5 8.4 8.0 9.6 6.8 5.3 5.0 5.2 5.2 7.1 7.3 7.0 East Northeast 6.7 10.1 8.5 7.4 6.7 6.0 4.9 6.1 3.6 4.3 4.5 5.7 East 7.5 6.6 7.2 6.5 6.4 5.4 5.1 5.1 4.8 4.4 5.4 4.3 East Southeast 4.6 7.6 6.7 8.7 6.2 4.9 6.0 5.8 4.2 3.8 9.0 9.9 Southeast 8.0 7.6 6.3 8.2 6.8 5.7 4.9 5.7 3.9 5.8 9.4 9.5 South Southeast 4.0 10.8 8.9 6.9 7.0 4.3 4.6 5.7 5.1 6.2 9.8 5.2 South 8.7 7.5 8.5 7.0 7.0 5.5 5.1 5.4 7.7 7.0 8.7 8.8 South Southwest 8.2 7.5 9.2 9.3 7.0 5.7 5.2 6.1 6.9 7.6 9.7 10.3 Southwest 10.2 11.4 11.2 9.5 8.2 6.6 5.7 6.2 7.1 7.9 10.5 9.3 West Southwest 9.9 10.0 9.1 10.1 6.9 6.7 4.9 5.7 5.7 7.1 9.4 10.1 West 9.2 9.7 7.4 7.9 7.2 7.4 5.3 5.0 5.2 7.7 10.8 9.3 West Northwest 7.3 7.8 9.0 8.7 7.9 6.9 3.6 4.5 4.0 5.4 8.2 9.1 Northwest 9.3 9.2 7.7 6.4 7.4 7.6 4.6 5.1 6.4 8.0 8.4 8.8 North Northwest 7.1 9.6 8.7 7.9 7.6 6.9 4.6 5.3 7.8 7.4 8.7 7.4 VISIBILITY Mean number of days with fog 3 4 5 6 9 10 12 9 7 6 4 2 * Sea level pressure is station pressure reduced to sea level These tables were prepared by the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), National Environmental Satellite, Data & Information Service (NESDIS), NOAA
434 ■ Appendix B ■ Volume 2 CLIMATOLOGICAL TABLES T = trace (not measurable) amount of precipitation Miss or blank is a missing value PROVIDENCE, RI (41°44’N, 71°26’W) 56 feet (17.1 m) WEATHER ELEMENTS JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC YEAR YEARS OF RECORD SEA LEVEL PRESSURE* 1016.4 48 Mean (millibars) 1016.8 1016.8 1015.2 1014.7 1015.4 1014.5 1015.3 1016.3 1018.4 1018.7 1017.3 1017.9 51.0 59.8 48 TEMPERATURE (°F) 41.6 48 104 48 Mean 28.8 30.3 38.0 48.4 58.1 67.4 73.1 71.6 63.7 53.7 44.1 33.2 -13 48 48 Mean daily maximum 36.8 38.4 46.1 57.7 67.8 77.0 82.2 80.6 73.2 63.5 52.5 41.0 39.3 48 Mean daily minimum 20.3 21.6 29.3 38.7 47.9 57.3 63.6 62.1 53.8 43.4 35.2 24.8 23.7 16.3 48 Extreme (highest) 69 72 80 98 94 97 102 104 100 88 81 70 14.7 48 40.6 48 Extreme (lowest) -13 -7 1 14 29 41 48 40 32 20 6 -10 48 45.1 RELATIVE HUMIDITY 67.5 48 25.4 48 Average percentage 43.1 43.0 26.8 21.8 29.1 20.3 28.3 38.0 58.6 61.6 47.5 53.7 6.3 48 178 48 CLOUD COVER 48 35.2 Percent of time clear 27.2 28.4 24.8 21.3 19.0 18.5 17.2 21.4 25.3 30.4 24.3 27.0 70.7 48 6.2 48 Percent of time scattered 13.4 13.0 14.3 13.8 15.9 19.5 20.8 20.3 18.5 16.7 15.7 13.4 18.3 48 45 48 Percent of time broken 11.5 11.4 11.6 14.7 16.1 18.4 20.6 19.4 14.8 13.6 12.4 11.0 48 0.03 Percent of time overcast 44.2 43.9 45.1 45.0 43.4 37.5 35.0 33.3 36.2 35.2 43.3 45.1 9.0 48 48 PRECIPITATION (inches) 7.8 5.7 48 Mean amount 3.9 3.5 4.2 4.0 3.5 2.8 3.0 3.9 3.4 3.5 4.4 4.2 4.6 48 2.6 48 Greatest amount 11.6 7.1 8.8 12.7 10.5 11.0 8.0 11.1 7.9 11.8 11.0 10.7 1.6 48 1.3 48 Least amount 0.5 0.3 0.5 1.4 0.7 0.0 0.3 0.7 0.7 0.4 0.8 0.5 3.3 48 5.8 48 Maximum amount (24 hours) 2.9 2.5 3.1 4.3 5.1 2.9 4.7 6.3 4.7 5.3 3.5 3.4 8.1 48 7.1 48 Mean number of days 16 15 16 16 16 14 14 14 13 12 15 17 8.2 48 7.3 48 SNOW 6.9 48 9.3 48 Mean amount 9.8 10.1 7.1 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 1.0 6.5 9.2 48 7.3 48 Greatest amount 31.7 30.9 31.6 7.6 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.5 8.0 19.8 4.1 48 48 Least amount 0.2 T T 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9.2 10.2 48 Maximum amount (24 hours) 10.4 18.3 14.7 7.3 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.5 8.0 10.6 9.9 48 8.4 48 Mean number of days 12 10 8 2 Miss 0 0 0 0 Miss 3 10 6.8 48 7.9 48 WIND 9.0 48 9.1 48 Percentage with gales 0.05 0.01 0.07 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.05 0.08 8.3 48 9.4 48 Mean wind speed (knots) 9.5 9.8 10.3 10.2 9.1 8.5 8.0 7.8 8.0 8.2 8.9 9.3 9.4 48 8.9 48 Direction (percentage of observations) 8.6 48 10.2 48 North 9.6 9.8 10.0 7.1 6.6 5.1 4.8 5.9 8.3 8.6 8.7 9.7 10.3 48 9.9 48 North Northeast 5.5 6.3 6.9 6.9 6.3 4.7 3.1 4.6 5.9 6.8 5.6 5.4 48 166 Northeast 3.1 4.3 5.7 6.2 6.5 4.2 3.0 4.2 5.7 5.0 4.1 3.4 48 East Northeast 1.8 2.4 3.0 3.1 3.5 2.6 1.7 2.6 3.0 2.4 2.5 1.9 East 0.9 1.4 1.8 2.0 2.0 1.7 1.4 1.7 1.7 1.5 1.5 1.2 East Southeast 0.9 1.2 1.4 1.8 1.6 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.1 Southeast 1.6 2.2 3.6 4.2 6.0 4.1 4.2 3.4 3.1 2.7 2.3 1.7 South Southeast 2.5 3.5 5.5 7.7 10.2 9.1 7.9 6.5 5.6 4.7 4.0 2.2 South 4.7 5.1 6.6 8.6 10.9 12.6 11.5 10.4 8.5 7.3 6.6 4.7 South Southwest 5.1 4.3 4.9 6.3 7.3 9.6 11.4 10.1 8.2 6.4 5.8 5.3 Southwest 6.2 6.1 4.9 6.3 7.5 10.6 13.0 11.1 8.9 8.4 7.8 7.1 West Southwest 7.9 6.9 5.2 5.6 6.0 7.9 8.7 8.1 7.0 7.6 8.0 8.5 West 8.5 7.0 5.9 6.3 5.0 6.2 6.5 7.1 6.5 7.3 8.1 8.2 West Northwest 13.4 12.7 11.4 8.9 6.2 6.9 7.3 7.3 6.9 8.4 10.0 12.2 Northwest 13.9 13.0 11.5 9.2 5.8 5.9 6.2 6.2 7.9 8.0 10.2 12.7 North Northwest 9.9 9.6 8.9 7.1 5.1 4.3 4.8 5.5 6.8 7.8 8.5 10.2 Calm 4.9 4.3 3.0 2.7 3.4 3.1 3.3 4.1 4.7 6.1 5.1 4.9 Direction (mean speed, knots) North 9.9 10.2 10.5 10.0 9.2 8.3 7.8 7.9 8.3 8.6 9.1 9.3 North Northeast 10.3 11.0 11.3 11.3 10.0 9.8 8.5 8.8 9.7 10.3 9.6 9.8 Northeast 9.6 10.1 10.9 11.0 10.2 9.6 8.4 9.0 9.2 10.0 9.3 10.0 East Northeast 7.7 8.6 9.1 9.5 8.7 8.2 7.1 7.6 8.0 9.0 8.7 8.3 East 6.0 6.7 7.5 7.6 7.2 6.7 6.0 6.4 6.0 6.2 6.7 7.4 East Southeast 7.2 8.1 9.0 8.2 7.4 7.3 6.8 7.7 6.8 8.6 9.0 8.1 Southeast 8.4 8.9 9.3 10.0 9.1 8.8 8.8 8.5 8.7 8.5 8.8 9.5 South Southeast 8.1 9.0 9.7 10.4 9.6 8.9 9.0 8.8 8.5 8.6 8.7 8.7 South 8.1 8.2 8.8 9.3 8.7 8.2 8.1 8.0 8.1 7.9 8.6 8.0 South Southwest 10.2 9.5 10.5 10.6 10.0 8.8 8.8 8.5 9.0 9.0 10.0 10.0 Southwest 9.6 10.3 10.8 11.1 10.4 9.3 8.8 8.4 8.8 9.1 9.7 9.3 West Southwest 9.2 9.8 10.3 10.3 9.3 8.8 8.0 8.0 8.1 8.1 9.2 8.9 West 9.5 9.8 10.2 9.2 8.4 8.3 7.4 7.5 7.2 7.8 8.6 9.1 West Northwest 11.1 11.7 11.6 11.7 10.1 9.2 8.3 8.0 8.0 8.9 10.1 10.8 Northwest 11.0 11.3 11.5 11.5 10.4 9.3 8.6 8.1 8.3 9.2 10.1 10.9 North Northwest 10.7 10.6 11.5 11.1 9.8 8.9 8.1 8.4 8.2 8.7 9.9 10.4 VISIBILITY Mean number of days with fog 11 10 13 13 15 16 17 17 15 14 13 12 * Sea level pressure is station pressure reduced to sea level These tables were prepared by the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), National Environmental Satellite, Data & Information Service (NESDIS), NOAA
■ Appendix B ■ 435 CLIMATOLOGICAL TABLES T = trace (not measurable) amount of precipitation Miss or blank is a missing value WEATHER ELEMENTS BLOCK ISLAND, RI (41°10’N, 71°35’W) 108 feet (32.9 m) YEAR YEARS OF RECORD TEMPERATURE (°F) JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Mean Mean daily maximum 32.0 32.0 37.6 45.9 54.6 63.9 70.3 70.1 64.0 55.2 46.6 36.7 50.9 47 Mean daily minimum 56.9 47 Extreme (highest) 37.9 37.9 43.3 52.1 61.0 70.3 76.5 76.0 69.9 61.0 52.2 42.6 44.4 47 Extreme (lowest) 95 47 PRECIPITATION (inches) 25.5 25.7 31.4 39.2 47.8 57.0 63.7 63.7 57.6 48.9 40.6 30.2 -10 47 Mean amount Greatest amount 62 62 74 92 85 90 92 95 89 80 72 64 Least amount Maximum amount (24 hours) -7 -10 7 18 34 41 51 45 39 30 16 -4 Mean number of days SNOW 3.4 3.2 3.8 3.6 3.2 2.4 2.7 3.6 3.1 2.9 4.0 3.9 40.3 47 Mean amount 8.8 6.8 8.5 9.2 6.0 8.6 7.0 9.7 11.5 8.7 9.1 8.1 59.5 47 Greatest amount 0.2 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.7 T 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.8 0.8 24.0 47 Least amount 3.3 2.8 2.7 2.6 3.6 4.3 3.3 4.2 6.5 6.5 3.4 4.3 6.5 47 Maximum amount (24 hours) 16 15 16 16 16 14 14 14 13 12 15 17 178 18 Mean number of days VISIBILITY 6.1 6.2 5.4 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 T 0.2 2.8 21.0 35 Mean number of days with fog 35 44.1 16.9 24.1 3.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 T 2.5 10.4 65.0 35 35 T 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.0 18 21.2 16.7 11.0 3.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 T 2.1 4.8 21.2 11 11 9 2 0 0 0 0 0 Miss 1 8 42 212113332112 22 18 NEW HAVEN, CT (41°16’N, 72°53’W) 23 feet (7 m) WEATHER ELEMENTS JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC YEAR YEARS OF RECORD TEMPERATURE (°F) 29.4 31.3 38.0 48.2 57.5 67.2 72.7 71.6 64.7 54.8 44.4 33.2 51.7 Mean 36.6 38.7 45.4 56.9 66.5 75.8 80.8 79.8 73.3 63.8 52.0 40.3 59.7 28 Mean daily maximum 21.7 23.5 30.1 39.1 48.0 58.1 64.1 62.9 55.6 45.4 36.2 25.6 43.1 28 Mean daily minimum 65 67 73 87 92 96 100 100 91 84 76 65 100 28 Extreme (highest) 17 32 40 51 43 34 24 14 -3 28 Extreme (lowest) -7 -5 5 -7 28 PRECIPITATION (inches) 3.7 3.4 2.9 Mean amount 3.2 3.3 3.8 6.5 6.4 12.6 3.0 3.4 3.3 3.4 3.9 4.2 42.1 29 Greatest amount 8.3 4.7 10.7 1.5 0.7 0.1 8.7 10.9 7.9 10.0 8.5 7.8 57.2 29 Least amount 0.2 1.0 1.5 2.3 2.3 5.2 0.8 0.9 0.6 0.2 0.3 0.9 27.6 29 Maximum amount (24 hours) 2.6 2.7 3.7 17 17 15 4.5 3.6 5.0 3.8 4.3 2.9 5.2 29 Mean number of days 17 16 17 14 14 13 13 16 17 186 14 SNOW 1.3 T 0.0 Mean amount 8.6 9.4 6.7 19.3 T 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.8 6.9 33.8 29 Greatest amount 21.9 25.3 26.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 63.9 29 Least amount 1.4 0.6 17.1 T 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.3 5.0 18.8 11.8 29 Maximum amount (24 hours) 13.9 16.1 T Miss 0 17.1 29 Mean number of days 19 18 13.0 4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 T 77 14 VISIBILITY 15 0 0 Mean number of days with fog Miss 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.3 5.0 14.2 1 14 Miss 0 0 0 1 5 15 Miss 0 0 Miss 0 0 0 Miss * Sea level pressure is station pressure reduced to sea level These tables were prepared by the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), National Environmental Satellite, Data & Information Service (NESDIS), NOAA
436 ■ Appendix B ■ Volume 2 CLIMATOLOGICAL TABLES T = trace (not measurable) amount of precipitation Miss or blank is a missing value HARTFORD, CT (41°56'N, 72°41'W) 200 feet (61 m) WEATHER ELEMENTS JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC YEAR YEARS OF RECORD SEA LEVEL PRESSURE* 1016.5 47 Mean (millibars) 1017.3 1016.8 1015.3 1014.4 1015.3 1014.3 1015.2 1016.2 1018.3 1018.9 1017.3 1018.1 50.3 60.4 47 TEMPERATURE (°F) 39.7 47 102 47 Mean 25.8 28.3 37.1 49.0 59.6 68.6 73.7 71.6 63.2 52.7 42.0 30.1 -26 47 47 Mean daily maximum 34.1 37.0 46.1 59.9 71.4 80.0 84.8 82.4 74.3 63.9 50.9 38.1 39.7 47 Mean daily minimum 17.0 19.1 27.7 37.6 47.4 56.7 62.2 60.2 51.6 41.0 32.6 21.5 19.5 17.6 47 Extreme (highest) 66 73 87 96 97 101 102 101 101 91 83 74 17.6 47 40.3 47 Extreme (lowest) -26 -21 -8 9 28 37 44 36 27 17 1 -14 47 44.2 RELATIVE HUMIDITY 64.5 47 29.0 47 Average percentage 48.2 43.4 28.2 18.5 28.0 17.5 27.0 36.9 57.9 64.1 47.8 56.4 7.7 47 178 47 CLOUD COVER 46 46.1 Percent of time clear 20.6 22.9 20.9 17.6 16.4 15.5 15.1 18.1 22.2 26.7 18.6 19.7 88.2 47 17.0 47 Percent of time scattered 16.2 16.0 15.5 15.2 16.3 19.6 21.5 22.3 18.7 17.6 16.8 15.9 14.3 47 54 47 Percent of time broken 14.9 14.2 14.6 17.1 19.5 22.8 24.1 21.6 17.7 15.9 15.8 13.4 46 0.04 Percent of time overcast 44.4 43.5 44.9 45.1 41.9 36.1 33.3 32.4 36.3 34.9 44.5 47.2 7.3 47 47 PRECIPITATION (inches) 11.5 6.5 47 Mean amount 3.4 3.1 3.8 3.8 3.7 3.5 3.2 4.0 3.7 3.6 4.0 3.8 3.8 47 1.5 47 Greatest amount 9.6 7.2 9.4 9.9 12.0 13.6 8.4 21.8 9.0 11.6 8.5 8.3 1.2 47 1.2 47 Least amount 0.3 0.4 0.2 1.3 0.7 0.2 1.0 0.5 0.8 0.3 0.5 0.7 2.4 47 5.6 47 Maximum amount (24 hours) 2.2 2.1 2.5 2.9 4.8 5.8 2.9 7.7 5.1 4.3 3.3 2.9 12.7 47 6.9 47 Mean number of days 17 15 17 16 16 14 13 13 13 12 15 17 5.1 47 4.3 47 SNOW 5.2 47 8.0 47 Mean amount 12.4 11.5 9.1 1.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.0 9.7 10.8 47 8.4 47 Greatest amount 37.0 32.2 43.3 14.3 1.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.7 8.7 35.4 5.2 47 47 Least amount 0.2 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 T 7.0 7.2 47 Maximum amount (24 hours) 14.1 14.3 14.0 14.1 1.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.7 7.6 13.5 7.0 47 5.9 47 Mean number of days 14 11 10 3 Miss 0 0 0 0 Miss 4 12 5.0 47 5.5 47 WIND 5.8 47 6.8 47 Percentage with gales 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 7.5 47 7.9 47 Mean wind speed (knots) 7.7 8.2 8.6 8.5 7.5 6.9 6.3 6.1 6.3 6.8 7.3 7.5 8.0 47 7.3 47 Direction (percentage of observations) 7.5 47 9.5 47 North 13.3 13.5 12.2 10.2 9.6 8.0 8.2 11.0 12.7 12.2 12.7 13.9 9.6 47 7.8 47 North Northeast 6.8 7.3 8.1 7.3 7.0 5.2 4.2 5.8 6.9 6.9 6.3 6.7 47 162 Northeast 2.7 3.6 4.7 4.9 5.1 3.8 3.0 3.6 4.1 4.0 3.1 2.7 46 East Northeast 0.7 1.3 1.6 2.1 2.3 1.7 1.3 1.7 1.8 1.5 1.3 0.8 East 0.6 0.9 1.4 1.7 1.7 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.1 0.7 East Southeast 0.7 0.9 1.3 1.5 1.8 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.0 1.0 0.9 Southeast 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.4 3.4 3.1 2.9 2.5 2.6 2.2 1.9 1.9 South Southeast 3.6 3.7 4.5 5.9 7.7 8.3 7.2 6.5 6.2 5.5 4.2 3.3 South 8.7 8.9 9.6 13.3 16.6 18.1 16.9 14.9 12.8 12.6 10.8 9.0 South Southwest 5.1 4.9 4.3 6.0 7.7 9.6 9.3 8.8 7.6 6.9 6.3 5.9 Southwest 4.8 3.9 2.9 3.6 4.3 6.1 7.5 6.5 5.3 4.7 5.5 5.9 West Southwest 4.5 4.1 3.6 3.9 3.6 4.2 5.0 4.5 3.7 4.2 5.0 4.7 West 5.5 5.5 5.1 5.1 4.1 5.0 5.7 5.3 4.9 5.1 5.8 5.0 West Northwest 10.5 10.2 10.6 8.7 6.0 6.0 6.1 5.8 6.2 7.2 9.2 9.6 Northwest 14.9 14.4 14.3 11.7 8.1 7.9 7.5 7.9 8.2 9.9 11.4 13.9 North Northwest 10.1 10.4 10.3 8.3 6.6 5.8 6.9 6.9 8.3 8.0 9.1 9.8 Calm 5.6 4.6 3.6 3.4 4.2 4.4 6.2 6.2 6.3 6.1 5.6 5.6 Direction (mean speed, knots) North 7.4 7.7 8.0 7.9 7.0 6.3 5.7 5.9 6.3 6.6 7.0 7.3 North Northeast 7.4 7.8 8.6 8.5 7.6 6.5 5.8 6.0 6.4 7.1 6.7 7.3 Northeast 5.8 7.2 8.3 8.5 7.0 7.2 5.8 6.5 6.1 7.2 6.3 5.9 East Northeast 4.4 5.4 6.2 7.4 6.8 6.0 5.1 5.4 5.5 6.1 5.5 5.0 East 3.2 4.2 5.8 5.8 5.7 5.3 4.5 4.9 4.4 5.5 4.8 3.5 East Southeast 4.2 4.9 5.9 7.1 6.1 5.4 5.1 5.6 5.2 5.0 5.5 4.8 Southeast 4.8 5.3 6.6 7.3 6.3 5.7 5.4 5.6 5.5 5.3 5.6 5.0 South Southeast 6.1 7.0 7.5 7.8 7.2 7.1 6.5 6.2 6.2 6.4 6.3 6.2 South 7.2 7.6 8.1 8.7 8.3 7.6 7.2 6.8 7.1 7.2 7.4 6.9 South Southwest 7.7 7.9 8.5 8.8 8.6 8.0 7.5 7.2 8.0 7.9 7.8 7.8 Southwest 8.6 8.5 8.6 8.6 8.5 7.8 7.6 7.4 7.7 7.7 8.6 7.9 West Southwest 7.7 7.6 8.7 8.1 7.6 7.2 6.9 6.5 6.5 6.8 7.5 7.2 West 8.1 8.8 8.8 8.4 7.4 7.0 6.7 6.1 6.3 6.7 7.3 7.9 West Northwest 10.2 10.9 11.3 10.6 9.3 8.3 7.3 6.8 7.6 8.4 9.5 10.3 Northwest 10.4 11.0 10.8 10.7 9.7 8.2 7.3 7.1 7.8 8.8 9.8 10.2 North Northwest 8.4 8.8 9.1 8.8 7.8 7.0 6.3 6.0 6.5 7.1 7.9 8.0 VISIBILITY Mean number of days with fog 12 10 12 12 13 15 16 17 16 14 13 12 * Sea level pressure is station pressure reduced to sea level These tables were prepared by the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), National Environmental Satellite, Data & Information Service (NESDIS), NOAA
■ Appendix B ■ 437 CLIMATOLOGICAL TABLES T = trace (not measurable) amount of precipitation Miss or blank is a missing value BRIDGEPORT, CT (41°10'N, 73°08'W) 26 feet (7.9 m) WEATHER ELEMENTS JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC YEAR YEARS OF RECORD SEA LEVEL PRESSURE* 1017.1 40 Mean (millibars) 1018.0 1017.5 1016.0 1014.9 1016.0 1015.1 1015.8 1016.9 1018.9 1019.5 1018.1 1018.7 52.2 59.9 47 TEMPERATURE (°F) 44.0 47 103 47 Mean 30.1 31.3 38.7 48.9 58.8 68.2 74.2 73.0 65.9 55.7 45.6 34.6 47 -7 47 Mean daily maximum 36.8 38.3 46.0 57.1 67.3 76.7 82.2 80.9 74.0 64.0 52.9 41.3 46.5 47 Mean daily minimum 22.8 23.8 30.8 40.1 49.9 59.3 65.7 64.7 57.2 46.9 37.8 27.4 22.2 32 Extreme (highest) 65 67 84 91 92 96 103 100 99 85 78 65 18.1 32 16.5 32 Extreme (lowest) -7 -5 4 18 31 41 49 44 36 26 16 -4 38.0 32 RELATIVE HUMIDITY 41.4 47 73.9 47 Average percentage 55.3 50.0 34.5 24.4 35.2 26.4 33.4 43.8 63.5 69.9 55.8 62.4 23.0 47 6.1 47 CLOUD COVER 186 39 Percent of time clear 24.5 25.2 23.5 20.9 17.8 18.6 16.6 19.4 23.5 28.8 22.8 24.2 25.9 47 59.8 47 Percent of time scattered 14.8 15.5 15.2 15.5 17.3 20.6 22.7 23.9 20.2 19.2 17.3 15.3 6.8 47 15.9 47 Percent of time broken 13.4 13.0 14.3 16.3 17.8 19.8 22.5 20.6 17.2 15.8 14.3 12.8 42 39 Percent of time overcast 43.2 42.0 42.9 41.7 41.2 34.7 31.8 29.8 33.4 31.4 40.7 43.6 0.15 40 10.2 40 PRECIPITATION (inches) 6.8 40 Mean amount 3.1 2.9 3.8 3.6 3.6 3.0 3.5 3.7 3.1 3.2 3.7 3.5 4.9 40 6.6 40 Greatest amount 11.2 6.6 9.4 10.7 9.5 17.7 12.8 13.2 7.4 10.7 10.2 7.8 5.2 40 4.9 40 Least amount 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.0 0.4 0.7 0.7 0.3 0.3 0.3 3.3 40 2.5 40 Maximum amount (24 hours) 4.3 2.3 4.2 3.1 3.2 6.1 5.9 4.6 4.4 4.7 3.1 3.6 2.5 40 4.3 40 Mean number of days 17 16 17 17 17 15 14 14 13 13 16 17 5.5 40 9.3 40 SNOW 9.5 40 8.1 40 Mean amount 7.4 7.7 4.8 0.4 T 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 4.9 8.2 40 8.6 40 Greatest amount 26.2 27.9 21.8 6.0 T 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 6.6 20.8 7.4 40 2.6 40 Least amount 0.5 T T 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 T 9.4 40 Maximum amount (24 hours) 15.7 15.9 11.1 6.0 T 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 6.2 15.0 9.5 40 10.3 40 Mean number of days 11 10 8 2 Miss 0 0 0 0 Miss 2 9 11.1 40 10.4 40 WIND 9.7 40 8.8 40 Percentage with gales 0.21 0.21 0.15 0.09 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.04 0.06 0.12 0.16 0.13 8.6 40 8.7 40 Mean wind speed (knots) 11.0 11.4 11.4 11.0 9.9 9.1 8.6 8.6 9.5 10.1 10.7 10.9 10.2 40 10.3 40 Direction (percentage of observations) 10.2 40 10.5 40 North 7.7 7.7 7.9 6.1 4.9 4.4 4.7 5.9 7.8 8.5 7.7 8.4 12.0 40 12.2 40 North Northeast 5.1 5.2 4.7 4.0 3.6 3.3 3.3 5.0 7.0 6.6 5.9 5.6 11.1 40 Northeast 7.9 7.0 6.3 5.2 5.3 4.0 3.6 5.4 8.2 8.9 8.3 8.7 172 39 East Northeast 5.6 6.4 6.9 6.5 6.8 4.3 3.3 3.7 4.7 4.7 4.5 5.3 East 2.9 4.5 6.8 7.1 9.0 6.6 4.6 4.3 4.3 4.0 3.2 2.4 East Southeast 1.4 2.1 3.6 4.4 5.4 5.0 4.3 3.7 3.7 2.9 2.1 1.5 Southeast 0.9 1.5 2.1 2.8 3.4 3.9 3.4 3.4 3.1 2.4 1.8 1.2 South Southeast 0.8 1.0 1.6 2.6 3.3 3.5 4.2 3.8 3.4 2.5 1.7 1.3 South 1.5 2.1 3.0 4.8 5.6 6.4 7.3 7.1 5.3 3.9 2.9 1.7 South Southwest 2.0 2.4 3.9 5.6 7.5 8.8 10.6 9.1 6.6 4.2 3.3 2.0 Southwest 4.7 5.8 7.0 9.2 10.7 15.0 15.3 14.1 10.8 8.4 6.4 4.4 West Southwest 8.4 8.3 6.6 8.6 10.4 13.4 13.6 11.1 8.2 8.6 8.7 7.7 West 12.3 9.3 6.8 6.6 5.6 6.3 6.6 6.2 5.9 8.7 10.8 11.9 West Northwest 13.4 11.1 9.1 7.6 4.6 4.0 4.3 4.3 5.6 8.2 11.6 13.4 Northwest 13.4 12.9 11.4 8.6 5.9 4.7 4.6 5.1 6.4 7.9 10.2 11.5 North Northwest 9.3 10.0 9.9 8.0 5.6 4.5 4.6 5.3 6.4 7.6 8.3 9.6 Calm 3.0 3.1 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.2 2.1 2.8 2.6 2.4 2.6 3.5 Direction (mean speed, knots) North 9.9 10.5 11.2 10.8 9.7 9.1 7.7 7.5 8.4 9.2 8.8 9.5 North Northeast 10.0 10.9 10.7 10.2 10.2 9.0 7.7 8.2 9.1 9.2 9.2 9.5 Northeast 10.8 11.3 11.1 11.1 10.2 9.5 8.1 8.7 9.9 10.4 10.3 10.9 East Northeast 10.6 12.2 12.3 12.4 10.5 10.3 9.1 9.5 11.0 11.4 11.1 10.8 East 9.6 10.8 12.0 11.5 10.4 9.1 8.3 9.2 10.3 10.7 11.4 9.7 East Southeast 8.9 9.7 9.9 10.6 9.1 9.1 8.5 9.4 10.1 10.6 11.1 11.2 Southeast 8.6 9.1 9.0 8.7 8.8 8.0 8.0 8.1 9.4 9.5 10.9 9.4 South Southeast 8.2 9.8 9.4 8.9 8.3 7.7 7.7 7.8 8.9 9.1 10.1 10.3 South 8.5 8.9 9.0 9.3 9.2 8.6 8.4 8.0 8.8 8.7 9.3 9.2 South Southwest 10.8 9.1 10.8 11.1 10.6 9.7 9.6 9.4 10.3 10.8 12.4 11.0 Southwest 10.7 10.6 10.5 10.8 10.2 9.4 9.3 9.4 10.6 11.3 11.9 11.8 West Southwest 11.6 10.9 10.4 10.1 9.6 8.9 8.8 9.4 10.4 11.4 11.4 11.8 West 12.2 11.6 11.5 10.1 9.0 8.3 7.8 8.1 9.4 10.6 11.6 11.9 West Northwest 12.6 13.6 14.0 13.4 11.4 10.4 9.2 8.9 9.6 10.8 12.0 12.5 Northwest 12.6 13.7 13.9 14.0 12.5 11.3 9.5 9.5 9.7 10.8 11.6 12.2 North Northwest 11.6 12.4 12.7 12.5 11.2 10.5 9.3 8.8 9.3 10.1 10.8 11.4 VISIBILITY Mean number of days with fog 12 12 14 14 16 16 16 17 15 14 13 13 * Sea level pressure is station pressure reduced to sea level These tables were prepared by the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), National Environmental Satellite, Data & Information Service (NESDIS), NOAA
438 ■ Appendix B ■ Volume 2 CLIMATOLOGICAL TABLES T = trace (not measurable) amount of precipitation Miss or blank is a missing value ISLIP, NY (40°47'N, 73°07'W) 85 feet (25.9 m) WEATHER ELEMENTS JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC YEAR YEARS OF RECORD SEA LEVEL PRESSURE* 1017.6 12 Mean (millibars) 1018.5 1018.1 1017.4 1015.6 1016.0 1015.0 1016.1 1017.4 1019.3 1019.5 1019.8 1019.4 52.7 60.6 12 TEMPERATURE (°F) 44.4 12 101 12 Mean 31.7 32.8 39.8 49.4 59.4 68.6 74.4 72.8 65.1 54.9 45.7 36.0 12 -7 12 Mean daily maximum 39.0 40.1 47.6 57.3 68.2 76.9 81.7 80.4 72.9 63.7 53.8 43.5 51.4 12 Mean daily minimum 23.9 25.0 31.5 41.0 50.1 59.8 66.7 64.9 56.7 45.6 37.1 28.0 22.2 12 Extreme (highest) 67 67 82 86 95 95 101 94 91 85 78 66 19.9 12 21.0 12 Extreme (lowest) -7 2 8 24 34 46 50 45 38 28 11 7 33.1 12 RELATIVE HUMIDITY 44.6 12 65.3 12 Average percentage 60.4 55.7 49.1 30.6 34.8 25.2 36.0 49.0 67.9 70.2 72.7 68.7 34.4 12 6.7 12 CLOUD COVER 164 12 Percent of time clear 23.8 27.0 25.5 20.7 20.2 17.2 14.1 18.1 23.4 31.3 22.7 23.2 20.7 12 33.8 12 Percent of time scattered 16.0 16.0 16.6 17.4 20.2 24.4 23.8 24.7 22.1 19.4 20.2 17.4 11.8 12 8.0 12 Percent of time broken 17.5 16.2 17.3 19.4 21.4 25.9 27.6 28.5 21.1 18.6 20.8 17.0 30 12 Percent of time overcast 39.7 37.4 36.8 38.9 34.7 28.9 30.0 24.3 29.2 27.0 33.3 38.1 0.53 12 7.7 12 PRECIPITATION (inches) 6.5 12 Mean amount 3.4 3.1 3.8 3.0 4.2 3.6 3.6 4.9 3.3 3.5 4.1 3.6 4.9 12 4.2 12 Greatest amount 6.2 5.5 5.5 5.0 10.1 7.8 8.3 13.7 5.0 8.7 8.0 6.0 3.4 12 3.0 12 Least amount 1.3 1.1 1.3 1.2 0.7 0.5 1.2 0.4 0.8 0.3 1.2 0.9 2.5 12 2.6 12 Maximum amount (24 hours) 1.6 2.3 2.5 1.8 4.0 3.5 2.6 6.7 2.2 3.9 2.6 2.6 2.8 12 5.6 12 Mean number of days 15 13 15 16 15 12 13 12 13 11 14 15 7.4 12 10.2 12 SNOW 6.7 12 5.6 12 Mean amount 5.9 6.0 4.4 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.8 3.3 6.8 12 7.6 12 Greatest amount 13.5 20.0 13.3 3.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.6 10.4 7.5 12 13.0 12 Least amount T T T 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 T 8.1 12 Maximum amount (24 hours) 5.7 7.0 8.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.6 9.2 8.7 12 9.3 12 Mean number of days 886100000016 8.5 12 7.5 12 WIND 8.4 12 9.2 12 Percentage with gales 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.00 8.4 12 7.5 12 Mean wind speed (knots) 8.3 8.6 8.9 8.4 7.6 7.5 6.5 6.3 6.6 7.0 8.2 8.2 9.2 12 9.0 12 Direction (percentage of observations) 7.6 12 7.9 12 North 5.8 7.3 8.3 5.3 5.3 5.2 4.7 5.6 8.5 8.3 7.0 6.8 9.9 12 10.5 12 North Northeast 4.3 6.2 5.8 5.5 4.4 3.3 3.1 4.1 4.9 6.8 5.1 5.5 9.4 12 Northeast 5.5 4.0 3.7 4.9 4.5 2.5 3.2 4.3 4.9 3.7 4.4 4.5 196 12 East Northeast 3.1 3.1 3.0 4.4 4.2 3.2 2.2 4.3 4.2 2.6 3.1 3.5 East 1.7 3.8 3.4 3.7 3.2 3.0 3.1 2.9 3.8 2.5 2.2 2.4 East Southeast 1.6 1.6 2.5 4.6 3.8 2.7 2.8 2.2 2.0 2.5 2.2 1.5 Southeast 1.4 1.5 3.4 4.4 4.6 2.4 2.9 1.7 2.5 2.8 2.4 1.2 South Southeast 1.1 1.4 3.1 4.2 4.2 3.2 4.2 3.0 2.7 3.0 1.9 1.3 South 2.8 2.7 4.9 6.0 7.1 8.0 9.4 8.5 6.2 4.3 3.7 2.3 South Southwest 3.9 5.1 6.5 6.8 8.9 12.4 12.2 9.6 8.1 5.5 5.6 3.5 Southwest 7.7 7.7 6.8 8.7 11.1 14.8 14.3 14.1 9.8 9.5 10.1 7.3 West Southwest 8.0 6.1 4.0 4.9 5.4 7.6 7.2 6.9 6.2 6.2 9.1 9.0 West 9.5 7.4 4.6 5.0 4.0 3.4 3.6 2.8 4.0 5.9 8.0 9.7 West Northwest 12.6 11.2 7.6 6.5 4.8 4.8 3.1 3.7 3.4 6.3 7.5 11.3 Northwest 11.0 11.5 11.4 8.3 6.1 6.0 4.3 4.0 5.0 6.0 8.1 9.5 North Northwest 7.3 10.4 10.7 7.9 6.0 7.7 5.4 6.3 7.0 6.3 7.7 8.2 Calm 12.6 9.8 10.3 9.0 12.3 10.3 14.8 16.4 16.7 18.0 12.2 12.9 Direction (mean speed, knots) North 8.3 9.4 9.3 8.1 7.8 7.7 6.9 6.6 7.5 7.8 7.8 8.7 North Northeast 9.3 8.4 9.7 9.6 9.0 8.3 6.8 7.6 7.6 8.8 8.9 9.2 Northeast 9.1 9.2 11.2 10.6 9.5 8.3 7.3 8.2 8.5 9.7 9.5 9.7 East Northeast 8.8 9.2 10.9 9.3 8.5 6.7 6.7 7.8 7.6 8.3 9.0 8.8 East 7.4 8.2 8.7 8.3 7.8 7.3 5.6 6.3 7.0 6.9 7.6 9.4 East Southeast 8.1 9.7 9.2 9.0 8.1 7.9 7.2 7.2 8.3 8.0 9.8 10.2 Southeast 9.2 9.8 9.7 9.3 9.3 8.4 8.3 8.8 8.4 9.6 11.0 8.5 South Southeast 9.0 9.7 9.6 8.3 8.2 8.0 7.2 7.6 8.1 8.6 11.2 8.8 South 7.6 7.4 7.9 7.7 7.8 7.5 7.1 7.3 6.9 7.6 8.8 7.0 South Southwest 9.6 9.4 10.2 10.0 9.1 9.5 8.8 8.2 8.7 9.2 9.4 9.4 Southwest 9.3 9.0 9.7 9.4 9.4 9.0 8.7 8.0 9.1 9.1 9.4 9.1 West Southwest 8.8 8.2 8.3 7.6 7.5 7.3 6.8 6.8 6.8 7.8 7.7 8.0 West 9.2 8.3 9.1 7.8 7.4 7.0 6.0 5.6 6.2 6.9 8.4 8.8 West Northwest 10.9 10.3 11.3 10.2 8.7 8.2 8.2 7.3 7.8 9.2 10.6 10.4 Northwest 11.0 11.2 11.3 10.6 9.8 9.4 8.1 8.7 9.4 9.7 11.9 11.7 North Northwest 9.6 10.8 10.5 10.1 8.8 8.7 8.2 7.7 8.3 8.8 9.6 9.8 VISIBILITY Mean number of days with fog 15 14 16 16 18 16 22 19 17 15 14 14 * Sea level pressure is station pressure reduced to sea level These tables were prepared by the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), National Environmental Satellite, Data & Information Service (NESDIS), NOAA
■ Appendix B ■ 439 CLIMATOLOGICAL TABLES T = trace (not measurable) amount of precipitation Miss or blank is a missing value NEW YORK (MANHATTAN), NY (40°47'N, 73°58'W) 131 feet (40 m) WEATHER ELEMENTS JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC YEAR YEARS OF RECORD SEA LEVEL PRESSURE* 1016.6 18 Mean (millibars) 1017.5 1016.8 1015.6 1015.2 1015.3 1015.4 1015.8 1016.8 1018.0 1018.7 1017.2 1017.3 55.1 62.5 33 TEMPERATURE (°F) 47.2 33 104 33 Mean 32.2 33.8 42.6 52.9 63.2 72.0 77.3 75.9 68.2 57.6 47.8 37.1 33 -2 33 Mean daily maximum 38.1 40.4 49.9 61.5 72.0 80.4 85.5 83.9 76.1 65.2 54.1 42.7 63.0 18 Mean daily minimum 25.7 26.7 34.7 43.9 53.8 63.0 68.6 67.4 59.9 49.6 41.0 30.8 23.5 2 Extreme (highest) 68 75 85 96 97 101 104 99 99 88 81 72 27.1 2 17.9 2 Extreme (lowest) -2 -2 8 21 36 46 53 50 40 29 17 -1 31.4 2 RELATIVE HUMIDITY 46.7 32 67.0 32 Average percentage 61.2 60.3 58.5 55.3 62.7 65.2 64.2 66.0 67.8 65.6 65.4 64.2 26.0 32 7.4 32 CLOUD COVER 165 28 Percent of time clear 22.7 25.0 26.8 19.2 20.3 24.4 26.4 18.1 15.0 39.3 25.3 18.8 23.6 33 52.8 33 Percent of time scattered 22.3 19.6 26.2 21.2 30.0 35.0 36.7 35.6 28.5 26.6 18.7 26.4 5.6 33 15.5 33 Percent of time broken 16.6 15.2 13.3 18.8 19.1 20.2 20.6 23.3 21.5 12.7 15.7 18.8 33 28 Percent of time overcast 38.5 40.2 33.8 40.8 30.6 20.4 16.3 22.9 35.0 21.4 40.3 36.1 0.01 18 8.0 18 PRECIPITATION (inches) 8.6 18 Mean amount 3.5 3.1 4.0 3.8 4.3 3.6 4.4 4.1 4.0 3.4 4.4 3.7 1.7 18 11.6 18 Greatest amount 10.5 6.0 10.4 8.2 10.2 9.3 11.7 12.3 9.3 7.8 12.4 9.9 1.7 18 4.3 18 Least amount 0.5 0.5 0.9 1.2 0.5 1.1 1.2 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.7 18 6.6 18 Maximum amount (24 hours) 3.4 2.9 3.4 3.4 3.9 3.0 3.4 4.6 5.5 4.0 7.4 2.4 1.6 18 6.9 18 Mean number of days 15 13 15 15 15 14 13 13 12 11 14 16 1.6 18 14.6 18 SNOW 2.4 18 14.1 18 Mean amount 7.1 8.6 3.8 0.4 T 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 T 0.4 3.3 3.8 18 15.1 18 Greatest amount 20.3 26.4 17.4 9.6 T 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 T 4.7 11.5 2.9 18 1.8 18 Least amount 0.2 T T 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 T 7.2 18 Maximum amount (24 hours) 11.5 15.5 10.2 9.6 T 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 T 4.4 6.7 7.7 18 8.8 18 Mean number of days 9 8 6 1 Miss 0 0 0 0 Miss 2 7 8.7 18 6.7 18 WIND 7.0 18 7.4 18 Percentage with gales 0.00 000 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.05 7.8 18 7.6 18 Mean wind speed (knots) 9.1 9.2 9.3 8.5 7.3 6.8 6.6 6.6 7.2 7.7 8.3 9.1 8.5 18 7.6 18 Direction (percentage of observations) 8.3 18 7.8 18 North 9.9 9.9 9.8 9.3 7.4 6.6 6.3 8.7 10.2 8.2 8.3 8.2 10.2 18 9.2 18 North Northeast 2.0 2.3 1.4 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.4 1.7 2.0 2.3 2.2 1.9 8.8 18 Northeast 9.0 11.8 13.9 12.3 14.2 9.7 9.4 10.8 14.0 12.8 11.1 11.5 1 28 East Northeast 1.1 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.7 2.0 1.2 1.9 2.3 1.1 1.9 1.6 East 2.5 2.5 4.6 5.1 4.9 4.9 3.9 3.7 6.7 6.2 4.4 3.8 East Southeast 0.5 0.4 0.7 0.8 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.9 0.5 0.3 Southeast 2.6 3.3 6.1 7.8 10.6 9.0 8.8 7.1 7.4 5.1 4.0 3.4 South Southeast 0.4 1.0 1.5 1.6 2.7 3.0 2.0 1.6 2.0 1.4 1.4 0.7 South 3.3 4.1 5.2 5.6 8.2 11.1 10.6 10.1 6.9 6.3 5.0 3.6 South Southwest 0.9 1.0 1.4 1.0 1.7 2.0 2.3 2.0 1.8 1.4 1.8 1.5 Southwest 13.3 12.7 8.3 13.0 13.9 19.0 19.4 19.7 14.3 14.8 14.1 12.3 West Southwest 2.7 2.2 1.7 2.5 2.3 2.5 2.9 2.0 1.8 3.4 5.2 3.3 West 20.6 16.4 13.7 11.4 10.7 11.0 13.1 14.3 12.4 15.5 16.3 17.3 West Northwest 5.7 5.1 4.9 4.1 2.4 2.7 2.8 2.1 2.5 3.5 3.9 5.4 Northwest 21.0 20.0 19.2 18.2 11.2 10.2 10.4 9.5 10.9 12.1 15.0 20.8 North Northwest 3.1 4.4 5.2 2.1 2.6 1.4 2.4 2.2 2.4 2.8 2.6 3.2 Calm 1.4 1.1 0.7 1.8 3.0 2.8 2.2 2.2 1.5 2.1 2.3 1.6 Direction (mean speed, knots) North 7.9 8.1 8.7 7.8 6.7 6.5 5.8 6.1 6.1 6.5 7.2 7.8 North Northeast 8.6 7.5 8.7 7.3 6.8 6.1 6.6 7.1 8.2 7.5 9.0 8.3 Northeast 9.9 10.2 9.4 9.7 8.7 7.5 6.8 7.5 8.7 8.5 9.0 9.9 East Northeast 9.1 9.4 10.3 9.1 7.6 7.6 7.1 7.4 8.3 7.6 9.8 10.5 East 7.1 7.6 7.3 7.2 6.2 5.9 5.8 5.8 6.6 6.4 7.1 7.9 East Southeast 9.2 6.6 7.8 8.4 6.4 6.6 6.4 5.3 7.2 6.7 7.6 7.3 Southeast 7.9 8.2 8.2 8.2 7.4 6.8 7.0 6.7 6.9 6.9 7.7 7.7 South Southeast 9.7 8.8 9.3 7.4 7.6 7.4 7.0 7.2 8.1 8.5 7.3 8.3 South 8.1 9.2 8.9 7.7 7.5 7.2 7.4 7.2 7.3 7.7 7.6 7.9 South Southwest 9.7 9.6 8.8 8.8 7.6 7.8 8.1 8.4 8.8 8.4 8.7 8.5 Southwest 8.3 8.5 8.2 8.0 7.5 7.2 7.0 7.1 7.1 7.7 8.0 8.2 West Southwest 9.6 8.7 8.4 8.1 7.4 7.0 6.9 7.8 8.5 9.0 8.6 8.9 West 9.2 9.0 9.3 8.0 6.8 6.2 6.0 5.8 6.2 7.5 8.3 9.0 West Northwest 12.1 11.4 11.4 10.4 8.1 7.2 7.2 6.9 9.7 10.4 10.8 11.0 Northwest 10.0 10.4 10.5 9.9 8.1 7.6 6.6 6.6 7.0 8.9 9.6 10.4 North Northwest 10.0 9.9 10.6 8.9 7.7 7.2 6.9 6.1 7.4 8.1 8.9 9.9 VISIBILITY Mean number of days with fog 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Miss * Sea level pressure is station pressure reduced to sea level These tables were prepared by the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), National Environmental Satellite, Data & Information Service (NESDIS), NOAA
440 ■ Appendix B ■ Volume 2 CLIMATOLOGICAL TABLES T = trace (not measurable) amount of precipitation Miss or blank is a missing value NEW YORK (KENNEDY AIRPORT), NY (40°39'N, 73°47'W) 13 feet (4 m) WEATHER ELEMENTS JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC YEAR YEARS OF RECORD SEA LEVEL PRESSURE* 48 Mean (millibars) 1018.0 1017.4 1015.9 1015.1 1015.8 1014.9 1015.7 1016.6 1018.5 1018.9 1017.9 1018.5 1016.9 34 TEMPERATURE (°F) 54.2 34 61.1 34 Mean 32.5 33.5 41.2 50.8 60.6 70.0 76.0 75.0 67.8 57.2 47.5 37.5 46.8 34 104 34 Mean daily maximum 38.6 39.9 48.1 58.3 68.1 77.4 83.1 82.1 75.0 64.5 54.0 43.5 -2 47 Mean daily minimum 26.0 26.6 33.8 42.8 52.5 62.1 68.5 67.5 60.1 49.5 40.6 31.1 44.2 48 Extreme (highest) 69 68 85 90 99 99 104 101 98 85 77 70 48 22.2 48 Extreme (lowest) -2 0 7 20 34 45 55 46 41 30 19 2 19.3 48 18.3 RELATIVE HUMIDITY 35.5 34 34 Average percentage 54.7 48.7 33.8 26.1 32.5 23.9 31.7 41.0 59.6 63.5 54.0 60.4 40.8 34 59.1 34 CLOUD COVER 25.3 34 4.4 Percent of time clear 23.6 24.7 23.7 22.3 18.4 18.2 17.5 19.2 24.4 29.3 22.8 22.9 168 34 34 Percent of time scattered 16.1 16.6 16.3 16.7 18.8 21.7 25.0 24.7 21.2 19.9 17.9 17.3 22.4 34 48.9 34 Percent of time broken 14.2 14.5 16.0 17.5 20.0 22.3 23.8 22.7 20.1 17.1 16.7 14.7 1.3 34 19.9 Percent of time overcast 42.0 40.5 40.2 38.9 37.7 32.3 27.9 28.1 29.6 29.1 37.9 41.2 30 48 48 PRECIPITATION (inches) 0.18 10.2 48 Mean amount 3.2 2.8 3.5 3.6 3.9 3.0 3.7 3.5 3.3 2.8 3.4 3.5 48 6.4 48 Greatest amount 8.3 4.8 8.1 9.5 10.7 8.0 8.4 8.3 9.6 6.5 9.5 6.7 5.7 48 5.5 48 Least amount 0.4 1.0 0.9 1.3 0.6 T 0.5 0.2 0.9 0.9 0.3 0.6 4.7 48 3.6 48 Maximum amount (24 hours) 2.5 2.4 2.4 3.1 2.8 2.8 3.2 3.7 4.4 3.2 3.9 2.5 2.8 48 2.7 48 Mean number of days 15 13 16 16 15 14 13 13 12 11 14 16 4.1 48 10.3 48 SNOW 8.5 48 7.1 48 Mean amount 6.7 8.0 3.4 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 T 0.4 3.4 8.0 48 6.7 48 Greatest amount 20.1 24.7 15.5 8.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 T 3.7 22.4 7.2 48 8.5 48 Least amount T T T 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 T 6.8 1.4 48 Maximum amount (24 hours) 13.0 19.9 9.0 8.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 T 3.2 18.0 48 9.9 48 Mean number of days 8 8 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 Miss 2 6 9.8 48 9.5 48 WIND 8.6 48 8.2 48 Percentage with gales 0.06 0.11 0.05 0.08 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.02 0.04 0.02 0.10 0.10 8.6 48 9.4 48 Mean wind speed (knots) 11.4 11.5 11.8 11.2 9.9 9.4 8.9 8.7 9.0 9.5 10.6 11.0 10.0 48 10.3 48 Direction (percentage of observations) 9.7 48 9.1 48 North 7.3 7.6 7.3 6.3 5.4 4.9 5.0 5.9 6.7 7.2 6.2 7.1 9.6 48 11.2 48 North Northeast 5.3 6.6 6.0 5.2 4.8 4.3 4.1 5.9 6.9 7.6 5.9 6.2 13.0 48 13.3 Northeast 5.4 5.6 5.5 4.7 5.3 3.9 4.0 5.3 7.3 7.2 5.4 6.3 11.7 34 East Northeast 4.2 4.9 5.4 4.6 4.7 3.6 3.2 4.3 6.5 5.3 4.9 4.7 133 East 2.8 3.7 4.1 4.7 4.8 3.9 2.9 2.9 4.0 3.6 3.2 2.6 East Southeast 1.4 1.9 3.2 4.1 4.9 3.8 3.1 2.7 3.1 2.4 2.2 1.1 Southeast 1.1 1.7 2.5 3.7 4.6 4.0 3.2 3.0 2.7 2.4 2.0 1.3 South Southeast 1.3 2.4 3.7 5.2 6.6 5.9 6.2 5.2 4.9 3.1 2.5 1.5 South 4.5 5.4 8.5 12.4 14.8 17.6 16.7 14.3 10.4 7.9 6.7 4.0 South Southwest 5.0 5.3 5.9 7.6 9.8 13.5 14.4 12.8 9.5 7.7 6.0 4.7 Southwest 5.9 5.5 4.1 5.2 6.3 8.0 10.0 10.3 7.9 7.9 7.2 6.7 West Southwest 9.7 7.9 5.6 5.9 6.1 7.2 8.7 8.5 7.3 8.4 10.0 10.6 West 10.8 8.3 6.1 5.4 4.4 4.4 4.8 5.1 5.2 6.6 9.1 10.5 West Northwest 12.5 10.2 9.1 6.7 4.1 3.9 3.8 3.6 4.4 6.8 9.8 11.6 Northwest 13.3 12.6 12.7 9.5 5.8 4.9 4.1 4.3 5.4 7.6 10.1 12.2 North Northwest 8.4 9.4 8.9 7.2 5.8 4.9 4.5 4.3 6.1 6.6 7.6 8.3 Calm 1.3 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.8 1.2 1.5 1.7 1.4 1.7 1.3 1.0 Direction (mean speed, knots) North 10.4 10.9 11.2 10.9 10.0 9.4 8.4 8.6 9.3 9.3 9.4 10.3 North Northeast 10.3 10.2 11.5 11.2 10.0 9.6 8.4 8.9 9.2 9.3 9.6 9.9 Northeast 10.0 10.6 11.2 11.0 9.8 9.0 7.7 8.2 8.4 9.3 9.3 9.6 East Northeast 8.6 9.6 10.8 10.0 8.9 7.7 6.9 7.0 8.0 8.4 8.5 8.4 East 7.8 8.9 10.0 9.3 8.4 7.4 6.5 7.1 7.3 8.0 8.6 8.1 East Southeast 7.8 8.6 9.6 9.7 8.5 8.2 7.1 7.7 8.0 8.6 9.4 10.0 Southeast 9.3 9.7 10.2 9.7 9.2 9.3 9.2 8.8 9.1 9.3 10.5 9.9 South Southeast 10.7 10.2 10.5 10.7 10.1 9.5 9.7 9.4 9.7 9.3 10.2 11.6 South 9.7 9.2 10.9 11.3 10.9 10.4 10.2 9.9 10.0 9.2 10.3 9.7 South Southwest 10.0 9.8 9.9 10.6 9.9 9.6 9.7 9.4 9.4 9.3 9.5 9.8 Southwest 9.5 9.6 10.0 9.4 9.3 8.6 8.4 8.2 8.9 9.0 9.5 9.7 West Southwest 10.4 10.6 11.5 10.7 9.3 8.7 8.2 8.4 8.4 9.2 10.3 10.0 West 13.1 13.0 13.1 12.6 10.2 8.7 8.3 8.3 9.1 10.1 11.7 11.8 West Northwest 14.0 14.4 15.1 13.9 12.3 11.2 10.3 9.4 10.2 11.6 13.0 13.6 Northwest 14.3 14.8 14.6 14.1 12.7 11.9 10.4 10.3 11.0 12.1 13.2 13.6 North Northwest 12.1 13.0 12.8 12.5 11.5 11.3 9.7 9.8 10.5 10.7 11.7 11.9 VISIBILITY Mean number of days with fog 10 9 11 11 13 12 13 12 11 10 11 10 * Sea level pressure is station pressure reduced to sea level These tables were prepared by the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), National Environmental Satellite, Data & Information Service (NESDIS), NOAA
■ Appendix B ■ 441 CLIMATOLOGICAL TABLES T = trace (not measurable) amount of precipitation Miss or blank is a missing value NEWARK, NJ (40°42'N, 74°10'W) 26 feet (7.9 m) WEATHER ELEMENTS JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC YEAR YEARS OF RECORD SEA LEVEL PRESSURE* 1017.0 48 Mean (millibars) 1018.3 1017.9 1016.1 1015.1 1015.6 1015.0 1015.5 1016.5 1018.5 1019.1 1018.0 1018.9 54.7 63.0 61 TEMPERATURE (°F) 45.9 61 105 61 Mean 31.6 33.3 41.6 52.2 62.8 72.0 77.2 75.6 68.0 57.3 46.7 35.7 61 -8 61 Mean daily maximum 38.5 40.7 49.7 61.3 72.1 81.1 86.0 84.1 76.7 66.2 54.3 42.5 45.2 48 Mean daily minimum 24.2 25.4 33.1 42.7 52.9 62.3 68.0 66.5 58.8 47.9 38.6 28.4 22.4 48 Extreme (highest) 74 76 89 94 98 102 105 103 105 93 85 72 20.9 48 18.5 48 Extreme (lowest) -8 -7 6 16 33 41 52 45 35 25 15 -1 38.2 48 RELATIVE HUMIDITY 43.4 61 65.5 61 Average percentage 57.8 54.0 35.9 26.2 31.0 24.8 30.0 39.7 59.8 65.7 54.9 64.5 26.0 61 6.7 61 CLOUD COVER 174 61 Percent of time clear 24.1 24.2 23.8 21.3 18.3 18.5 18.5 20.1 23.5 29.8 24.1 22.9 27.0 61 33.4 61 Percent of time scattered 16.5 17.5 18.1 18.9 21.2 25.5 25.9 26.8 23.3 21.2 18.5 17.3 1.9 61 27.4 61 Percent of time broken 14.6 14.5 15.5 18.4 20.1 22.0 24.4 22.7 20.1 17.2 16.9 14.8 37 61 Percent of time overcast 44.8 43.7 42.7 41.4 40.3 33.9 31.2 30.4 33.1 31.8 40.5 45.1 0.02 48 8.9 48 PRECIPITATION (inches) 5.8 48 Mean amount 3.4 2.9 4.0 3.6 3.8 3.2 4.2 4.1 3.6 3.0 3.7 3.4 8.2 48 5.4 48 Greatest amount 10.1 5.8 11.1 11.1 10.2 6.4 9.9 11.8 10.2 8.2 11.5 9.4 3.2 48 2.8 48 Least amount 0.4 0.7 1.1 0.9 0.5 0.0 0.8 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.2 3.5 48 4.0 48 Maximum amount (24 hours) 2.9 2.3 2.7 2.8 3.9 2.9 3.5 5.9 4.7 3.9 6.7 2.7 4.1 48 5.2 48 Mean number of days 16 14 16 16 16 15 14 13 12 12 14 16 7.3 48 10.7 48 SNOW 9.0 48 7.0 48 Mean amount 8.9 9.2 3.7 0.7 T 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 T 0.6 3.9 8.1 48 8.5 48 Greatest amount 31.6 33.4 26.0 13.8 T 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 5.7 29.1 5.8 48 1.7 48 Least amount 0.1 T T 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.0 9.0 48 Maximum amount (24 hours) 27.4 20.0 17.6 12.8 T 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 5.7 25.9 9.0 48 8.9 48 Mean number of days 11 9 7 1 Miss 0 0 0 0 Miss 2 7 8.2 48 6.4 48 WIND 7.4 48 7.8 48 Percentage with gales 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.03 7.5 48 6.8 48 Mean wind speed (knots) 9.7 9.9 10.3 9.7 8.8 8.3 7.8 7.6 7.9 8.3 8.9 9.4 7.6 48 8.2 48 Direction (percentage of observations) 8.9 48 9.2 48 North 5.8 6.4 6.5 5.5 5.0 4.4 5.0 5.4 7.1 6.2 5.8 6.0 11.2 48 12.3 48 North Northeast 9.3 8.8 8.4 6.5 6.4 5.8 5.6 7.6 10.1 10.6 9.1 9.9 11.2 48 Northeast 5.6 6.7 6.1 5.4 6.1 4.4 4.0 5.0 5.9 6.2 4.6 5.3 118 61 East Northeast 2.5 3.3 4.5 4.1 3.9 2.6 2.5 2.5 3.4 3.5 2.7 2.3 East 1.7 2.4 3.4 4.1 4.4 3.4 2.3 2.5 2.9 2.5 2.5 1.6 East Southeast 1.3 2.2 3.9 5.7 6.6 5.3 3.3 3.1 3.6 3.0 2.5 1.2 Southeast 1.1 1.8 3.7 5.5 6.9 6.4 5.5 4.9 4.3 3.5 2.5 1.3 South Southeast 1.7 2.2 3.5 4.5 5.8 6.2 6.8 5.8 4.7 3.5 2.5 2.0 South 3.3 3.9 4.1 4.8 5.6 6.8 7.9 7.7 5.9 4.6 4.6 3.6 South Southwest 5.7 5.3 4.8 6.3 7.7 8.9 9.3 9.0 8.2 8.5 7.4 6.1 Southwest 9.8 7.7 6.1 8.3 10.3 13.1 13.0 13.6 12.1 11.8 11.8 10.7 West Southwest 11.5 9.1 7.0 7.1 7.5 8.9 10.3 9.3 7.7 9.0 9.6 10.5 West 9.7 8.1 6.6 5.9 4.7 5.8 6.6 6.2 6.1 6.7 8.6 9.7 West Northwest 11.5 10.6 10.5 8.6 5.7 6.0 6.4 5.8 5.6 6.3 9.1 11.2 Northwest 11.1 12.5 12.2 9.7 6.7 6.1 6.0 5.2 6.1 6.7 9.2 10.4 North Northwest 6.7 7.3 8.0 6.7 5.3 4.6 4.2 4.7 4.9 5.7 5.5 6.5 Calm 1.9 1.9 1.1 1.2 1.5 1.4 1.7 1.7 1.7 2.0 2.2 1.8 Direction (mean speed, knots) North 9.2 10.1 10.5 9.9 8.8 8.6 7.7 7.8 8.4 8.5 8.5 9.2 North Northeast 9.5 9.6 9.7 9.6 9.4 8.9 7.7 8.3 8.6 8.9 8.8 9.2 Northeast 9.3 9.3 9.8 9.9 9.1 8.4 7.6 8.0 8.6 8.6 8.4 8.9 East Northeast 7.8 8.4 9.1 9.0 8.1 7.9 6.9 7.0 7.8 8.5 7.9 8.2 East 5.4 6.2 7.3 6.9 6.3 6.3 5.7 5.9 6.2 6.8 6.9 5.7 East Southeast 6.3 6.8 8.1 8.2 7.4 7.1 6.8 6.7 7.4 7.6 7.9 7.6 Southeast 6.9 7.1 8.1 8.4 8.0 7.9 7.7 7.7 7.8 7.5 7.6 6.9 South Southeast 6.4 7.3 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.5 7.6 7.8 7.6 6.9 7.1 7.4 South 5.9 6.3 6.9 7.1 7.2 7.1 7.1 7.1 6.9 6.4 6.7 6.0 South Southwest 7.3 7.7 8.1 8.6 8.1 7.9 7.6 7.4 7.3 7.1 7.4 7.5 Southwest 8.3 8.7 9.6 9.2 8.7 8.4 7.8 7.5 7.4 7.7 8.0 8.0 West Southwest 9.7 9.6 10.3 9.9 9.5 8.6 8.1 7.7 7.7 8.2 9.1 8.8 West 10.1 10.3 10.9 10.3 9.3 8.3 7.8 6.9 7.6 8.2 9.4 9.7 West Northwest 12.2 12.5 13.0 12.3 10.7 9.6 9.1 8.7 8.8 10.1 11.6 12.0 Northwest 13.0 13.5 13.8 13.5 11.9 11.1 9.9 9.6 10.2 11.1 12.4 12.9 North Northwest 12.0 12.3 12.1 12.2 11.1 10.6 9.5 9.2 9.9 10.7 11.1 11.5 VISIBILITY Mean number of days with fog 9 9 10 9 11 10 9 10 11 11 9 10 * Sea level pressure is station pressure reduced to sea level These tables were prepared by the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), National Environmental Satellite, Data & Information Service (NESDIS), NOAA
442 ■ Appendix B ■ Volume 2 CLIMATOLOGICAL TABLES T = trace (not measurable) amount of precipitation Miss or blank is a missing value ALBANY, NY (42°45'N, 73°48'W) 292 feet (89 m) WEATHER ELEMENTS JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC YEAR YEARS OF RECORD SEA LEVEL PRESSURE* 51 Mean (millibars) 1018.2 1017.4 1015.8 1014.9 1015.1 1014.3 1015.3 1016.3 1018.6 1019.0 1017.4 1018.4 1016.8 50 TEMPERATURE (°F) 47.8 50 58.0 50 Mean 22.1 24.1 34.3 46.9 57.9 66.8 71.8 69.6 61.3 50.8 39.8 27.2 37.2 50 100 50 Mean daily maximum 30.8 33.2 43.4 57.6 69.5 78.2 83.2 80.7 72.5 61.7 48.1 35.0 -28 51 Mean daily minimum 12.9 14.4 24.6 35.7 45.8 54.9 59.9 57.9 49.7 39.4 30.9 18.8 42.5 51 Extreme (highest) 65 67 86 92 94 99 100 99 100 89 82 71 15.9 51 16.8 51 Extreme (lowest) -28 -21 -21 10 26 36 40 34 24 16 5 -22 19.1 51 42.8 RELATIVE HUMIDITY 50 35.7 50 Average percentage 57.4 59.4 32.5 24.4 26.2 18.0 28.1 38.0 60.8 65.4 49.4 58.9 47.1 50 21.5 50 CLOUD COVER 4.0 50 205 Percent of time clear 16.4 18.0 16.7 15.7 14.1 12.7 13.4 16.0 19.4 22.4 12.0 14.0 50 62.5 50 Percent of time scattered 13.7 14.4 14.4 14.8 15.8 20.3 22.9 22.0 19.8 17.0 13.9 12.5 106.7 50 21.1 50 Percent of time broken 14.4 14.9 16.4 18.0 19.9 25.0 27.1 24.7 20.2 18.2 16.5 14.5 22.0 50 Percent of time overcast 51.3 48.6 47.9 46.6 43.8 35.5 29.7 31.0 34.6 36.7 52.3 54.6 77 51 51 PRECIPITATION (inches) 0.12 7.7 51 Mean amount 2.3 2.2 2.8 3.0 3.4 3.2 3.1 3.3 3.0 2.9 3.1 2.9 51 8.2 51 Greatest amount 6.4 5.0 5.9 7.9 8.9 7.3 6.9 7.3 7.8 8.8 8.0 6.7 4.1 51 2.1 51 Least amount 0.4 0.2 0.2 1.1 1.0 0.6 0.4 0.7 0.4 0.2 0.5 0.6 1.1 51 1.2 51 Maximum amount (24 hours) 1.7 1.6 2.0 2.0 2.1 3.4 2.7 4.0 3.4 2.8 2.2 3.1 1.0 51 3.2 51 Mean number of days 22 18 19 17 18 15 15 14 14 14 18 21 11.9 51 14.3 51 SNOW 3.7 51 2.2 51 Mean amount 16.2 14.4 10.9 2.5 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 4.1 14.2 3.2 51 9.0 51 Greatest amount 47.8 34.5 34.7 17.7 1.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.5 24.6 57.5 13.2 51 6.6 51 Least amount 0.6 1.8 T 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.4 10.6 51 Maximum amount (24 hours) 13.4 17.3 22.0 17.3 1.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.5 21.8 13.9 51 7.0 51 Mean number of days 19 16 13 4 Miss 0 0 0 0 1 7 17 8.0 51 6.5 51 WIND 5.3 51 4.0 51 Percentage with gales 0.01 0.04 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 5.5 51 7.6 51 Mean wind speed (knots) 8.5 8.8 9.1 9.1 7.8 7.2 6.5 6.0 6.4 6.9 7.9 8.2 9.1 51 8.1 51 Direction (percentage of observations) 6.4 51 6.0 51 North 9.7 10.1 9.8 8.8 7.9 6.6 6.0 7.7 7.9 8.1 7.5 8.9 8.3 51 10.2 51 North Northeast 4.3 5.0 5.4 4.6 4.5 3.5 2.8 3.7 3.7 3.5 3.9 4.2 11.7 51 9.4 Northeast 2.2 2.3 2.6 2.4 2.5 2.1 1.6 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.9 6.9 50 East Northeast 1.4 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.0 0.9 1.2 1.0 0.9 1.1 1.0 152 East 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.2 1.1 1.4 1.3 1.1 0.9 1.1 East Southeast 0.6 0.8 0.7 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.1 0.9 0.7 Southeast 1.9 2.2 2.8 3.2 3.7 4.1 4.0 3.9 4.0 3.3 2.8 2.5 South Southeast 9.7 9.3 10.0 12.4 12.9 13.7 13.5 12.2 13.2 12.1 12.9 10.6 South 12.3 10.9 9.6 11.6 15.2 18.1 18.0 16.1 16.2 15.4 13.9 13.9 South Southwest 2.5 2.5 2.3 3.0 3.9 4.9 5.2 4.8 4.4 4.3 3.3 3.1 Southwest 1.8 1.6 1.5 2.0 2.4 2.9 3.2 2.6 2.4 1.9 2.2 1.9 West Southwest 3.2 3.0 3.0 3.3 3.3 3.6 3.7 3.6 2.6 3.1 3.5 3.2 West 9.8 9.9 10.1 10.5 8.9 9.0 8.7 7.6 7.3 7.6 9.2 9.0 West Northwest 17.2 18.1 18.5 16.2 11.0 9.7 9.5 8.1 9.0 11.0 14.5 16.5 Northwest 8.1 7.8 8.4 7.2 6.0 5.2 5.4 5.2 5.1 5.8 7.3 7.6 North Northwest 5.3 5.1 5.2 4.5 4.3 3.5 3.5 4.3 4.0 4.3 4.0 4.4 Calm 9.2 9.2 7.9 6.7 9.3 9.6 11.8 14.2 14.5 14.5 10.1 9.7 Direction (mean speed, knots) North 7.2 7.5 7.7 7.7 7.2 6.7 6.1 6.5 6.7 6.9 6.7 6.8 North Northeast 7.7 8.4 8.7 9.0 8.6 7.6 7.2 7.1 7.6 8.1 7.4 7.3 Northeast 5.5 6.8 6.8 8.3 7.3 6.8 6.1 5.9 6.0 5.9 6.2 5.7 East Northeast 4.7 4.8 5.9 6.5 5.9 5.6 4.6 4.7 4.8 5.5 4.9 5.0 East 3.5 3.7 4.3 4.8 4.4 4.4 3.8 3.5 3.4 4.0 4.2 3.3 East Southeast 4.3 5.8 6.5 6.5 6.1 5.4 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.6 5.5 5.4 Southeast 7.5 7.9 9.1 8.6 7.7 7.3 6.9 6.8 7.3 7.2 7.9 7.3 South Southeast 9.5 9.6 10.3 10.6 9.3 8.6 8.1 7.7 8.5 8.8 9.5 9.2 South 8.6 8.5 8.9 9.1 8.5 7.8 7.3 7.1 7.5 7.7 8.3 8.4 South Southwest 6.9 6.6 7.5 7.7 6.6 6.1 5.8 5.8 6.0 6.4 6.7 6.5 Southwest 6.8 6.7 7.2 6.7 6.1 5.9 5.4 5.0 5.5 5.7 6.5 6.4 West Southwest 9.5 9.8 9.2 9.0 8.6 7.7 7.0 6.7 7.1 8.2 8.5 9.0 West 11.7 11.8 11.8 11.5 9.9 9.0 8.3 8.2 8.4 9.2 10.3 11.2 West Northwest 12.8 13.3 13.0 12.6 11.3 10.4 9.6 9.0 9.8 10.5 11.6 12.4 Northwest 10.3 10.5 10.3 10.2 9.0 8.6 8.1 7.8 7.8 9.0 9.6 10.0 North Northwest 6.9 7.0 7.2 7.4 7.4 7.2 6.6 6.1 6.4 6.6 7.2 6.8 VISIBILITY Mean number of days with fog 10 9 11 9 12 13 14 17 17 15 13 12 * Sea level pressure is station pressure reduced to sea level These tables were prepared by the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), National Environmental Satellite, Data & Information Service (NESDIS), NOAA
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