at makes the Earth angry? man & physical geography: volcanoes and earthquakes owledge Core Text: when magma rises to h which causes bubbles y caused when rock Key Vocabulary breaks along a fault. energy cases the seismic eruption An explosion of steam or lava round shake. dormant from a volcano. magma arge waves generated A dormant volcano is an active nt on the ocean floor Tectonic plates volcano that has not erupted in earthquake, an fault the last 10,000 years. r a volcanic eruption. Magma is the molten or semi- molten natural material from which all igneous rocks are formed. Magma is found beneath the surface of the Earth. The Earth’s outer shell is made pf huge slabs of moving rock called Tectonic plates. Fractures in the Earth’s crust where rocks on either side of the crack have slid past each other. s an Physical Prior Learning: ne geography is the ntre of study of the Earth's KS1 – Why can’t a meerkat live at the South Pole? very natural features, uator such as mountains, rivers, deserts and oceans
Learning Challenge: Will we eve Geography Phase: LKS2 Strand: Phys National Curriculum Objective/s Core Kn Human & physical geography Evaporation is when a li Usually when it heats up Describe & understand key concepts of: vapour. Condensation is when w Physical geography, including: climate zones, biomes & a liquid. vegetation belts, rivers, mountains, volcanoes & earthquakes, and the water cycle. The water cycle is the jo moves from the land to Learning Challenge Questions again. Hydroelectric power sta 1. Why is water a major necessity in any village, energy of water to gen town or city? About 70% of the Earth 2. How does rainwater form in the first place? 3. Why do some places go for a long time without rain and others have too much rain? 4. How is water used to help provide energy to many places? 5. What happens to the water in our home once it disappears down the sink? 6. Which music is associated with water and can you create your own? What we know already… The River Calder runs The River Nile is the Flooding occ through Halifax longest river in the when a river bu banks and over world onto surround land
er see the water we drink again? sical geography: The Water Cycle nowledge Core Text: iquid turns into a gas. Key Vocabulary p. This is called water condensation When water vapour turns into a water vapour turns into cycle liquid. ourney water rakes as it drought A series of events that are o the sky and back regularly repeated in the same ations capture the evaporation order. hydroelectric erate electricity. power A prolonged period of low rainfall, leading to a shortage of is covered in water. water. When a liquid heats up and turns into a gas. Electricity created by water. precipitation Any watery substance such as water vapour rain, water, snow, hail or sleet that falls to Earth. Water that is in the form of a gas. curs The Calder and Prior Learning: ursts its Hebble Navigation rflows Canal was important LKS2 – What is it like in Halifax? ding LKS2 – What makes the Earth angry? in the past
Learning Challenge: What i Geography Phase: LKS2 Strand: Loca National Curriculum Objective/s Core Kn Location knowledge Queen Elizabeth II is the Kingdom. Name and locate counties and cities of the United Kingdom, geographical regions and their identifying human and Officially known as the U physical characteristics, key topographical features the UK is popularly know (including hills, mountains, coasts and rivers), and land-use combines the symbols o patterns; and understand how these aspects have changed St George, Scotland’s p over time. and Ireland’s patron sai not shown because wh Learning Challenge Questions created in 1606, Wales The UK is in the continen 1. What are the countries and cities of the UK and the capital city of the U can you describe their locations using compass city of England, too; Edi points? city of Scotland; Belfast Northern Ireland; Cardif 2. What are the main rivers and seas in the UK? Wales. Where are they on a map? The Lake District is a Nat Heritage Site in North W 3. What are counties? to the highest mountain Pike, and the deepest la 4. How can we find the high areas of land around The River Severn is the lo the UK? 5. How did London change over time and what is the Prime Meridian? 6. How can we describe how the UK has changed over time? What we know already… The countries of the Use directional Use aerial phot United Kingdom are language: North, plan perspectiv England, Scotland, South, East & West; recognise landm Wales and Northern near & far; left & right, to describe the & basic huma Ireland location of features physical featu & routes on a map
is so special about the UK? ation knowledge: counties and cities of the UK nowledge Core Text: e Monarch of the United county Key Vocabulary city Union Flag, the flag of Erosion A region of the UK that has its wn as the Union Jack: it own government. of England’s patron saint tourism A large human settlement, patron saint, St Andrew, tourist bigger than a town. int, St Patrick. Wales is hen the first version was Water, wind, and other natural was part of England. forces cause rocks and earth to nt of Europe; London is wear away. These forces also UK and also the capital move bits of rock and earth to inburgh is the capital new places. This movement t is the capital city of changes the shape of the land. ff is the capital city of Tourism is travel for pleasure or business tional Park and World A tourist is a person who is visiting West England: it is home a place for pleasure and interest, especially when they are on n in England - Scafell holiday ake - Wastwater. ongest river in the UK. tos & Devise a simple Prior Learning: ves to map; and use & marks construct basic KS1 – Could a bog baby live in our woodland? an & symbols in a key KS1 – What would Traction Man find in Elland and the UK? ures. LKS2 – What is it like in Halifax?
Learning Challenge: Why do so many peo Geography Phase: LKS2 Strand: Plac National Curriculum Objective/s Core Kn Place knowledge The European continen in the northern hemisph Understand geographical similarities and difference through eastern hemisphere. the study of human physical geography of a region of the United Kingdom, a region in a European country, and a Europe borders onto the region within North or South America North, the Atlantic Oce Mediterranean Sea in th Learning Challenge Questions There are 50 countries in 1. What are the advantages/ disadvantages of 742 million people living living in a Mediterranean country? The three largest countr 2. Why do Mediterranean countries have a warmer Ukraine and France. climate than we do? Vatican City is the smal 3. Which fruits and vegetables are produced in the Europe, but also in the w Mediterranean? Istanbul is the largest cit Many countries in Europ 4. How would you go about attracting someone to Europe, do not have ac visit a Mediterranean country? share national borders o – these are called landl 5. Why doesn’t everyone speak English and use the Hungary, Czech Repub same money? 6. Who are the famous artists of the Mediterranean and what can we learn from them? What we know already… The Arctic is in the Human geograp North Pole and the study of pe Name & locate the world’s seven Antarctica is in the and their South Pole communitie continents & five cultures, econo oceans and interaction the environm
ople go on holiday to the Mediterranean? ce knowledge: a region in a European country nowledge Core Text: nt is located completely Key Vocabulary here and mainly in the Climate The long term pattern of weather e Arctic Ocean in the conditions. ean in the west and the Equator he South. An imaginary line around the Southern Earth that is an equal distance n Europe with more than Hemisphere from the North Pole and the g on the continent. Northern South Pole. Hemisphere ries are Russia, the landlocked The half of the Earth that is South of the Equator. llest country not only in Euro € world. The half of the Earth that is North ty in Europe. European Union of the Equator. pe, mainly in central (EU) ccess to an ocean and A country is landlocked if it has only with other countries no access to any oceans or seas. locked countries, e.g. blic and Switzerland. The euro is the official currency of 19 of the 27 member states of phy is The UK is currently in the European Union. eople the process of leaving the The European Union is a political es, and economic union of 27 omies, European Union (EU) member states that are located ns with – ‘Brexit’ primarily in Europe. ment Prior Learning: KS1 – Why can’t a meerkat live at the South Pole? LKS2 – How can we rediscover the wonders of Ancient Egypt?
Learning Challenge: Where wou Geography Phase: LKS2 Strand: Hum National Curriculum Objective/s Core Kn Human & physical geography A settlement is a place establish a community. Describe and understand key aspects of: Human geography, including: types of settlement and land There are four types of s use, economic activity including trade links, and the village, town and city. distribution of natural resources including energy, food, Urban areas are built-up minerals and water live in close proximity. El Learning Challenge Questions Rural areas are country population is spread thi 1. What did early settlers need? Some settlements also h 2. What are the common features you notice when function, e.g. ports - by locating all of Britain’s biggest cities? transport goods; marke farmers sell goods; resor 3. Can you use a map to find settlements built by holiday. early invaders? 4. How is land used in different settlements? 5. Why is the transport system very important in major cities? 6. What are the major differences between a major city and a small town or village? What we know already… The stone age Key human features In the Unite period is said to including: city, town, Kingdom, no o have started just over 3000 years ago village, factory, lives more th when humans farm, house, office, 130km from the started to live in port, harbour & shop Europe
ould you choose to build a city? man & physical geography: settlements Core Text: nowledge hamlet Key Vocabulary village where people live and A small settlement, smaller than a town village and, in Britain, does not settlement: hamlet, city have a church. rural p areas in which people urban A group of houses and buildings, lland is an urban area. larger than a hamlet and smaller than a town, situated in a rural yside areas in which the area. inly. Larger than a village and have a special use, or generally smaller than a city. a river or sea for ships to et towns - where local A large town, usually containing rts - for people to go on a cathedral. a rural area or countryside is a geographic area that is located outside towns and cities. An area where a large amount of people live near to each other. Urban areas have lots of buildings and roads. ed A Community is a Prior Learning: one group of people living in the same KS1 – Why do we love to be beside the seaside? han LKS2 – What is it like in Halifax? e sea place LKS2 – Who first lived in Britain?
Learning Challenge: Where can I find magn Geography Phase: UKS2 Strand: Phys National Curriculum Objective/s Core Kn Human & physical geography Mountains make up 1/5 Describe & understand key concepts of: landscape. Physical geography, including: climate zones, biomes & Mt. Everest is the world’ vegetation belts, rivers, mountains, volcanoes & it is 29,029 feet tall. earthquakes, and the water cycle. There are mountains un sea. Learning Challenge Questions 1. Where are the world’s key mountain ranges? 80% of our fresh water o 2. Can you use a map to find and describe the key mountains. features of mountains? The highest 14 mountain 3. What are the key features if a mountain range? found in the Himalayas. 4. How are different types of mountains formed? 5. What is a mountainous climate like? 6. How does tourism affect mountain regions? What we know already… Mount Snowden is in Volcanoes are Physical Wales caused when geography is magma rises to the study of the Ea surface of the Earth natural featu which causes such as mount bubbles of gas to rivers, deserts a appear in it oceans
nificent mountains and how are they made? sical geography: mountains nowledge Core Text: 5 of the world’s ’s highest mountain and Key Vocabulary nder the surface of the peak The peak is the highest point of originates from valley any mountain. ns in the world are Summit A long depression, or ditch, in the . hill Earth’s surface and usually lies between ranges of hills or mountain range mountains. fold mountains The highest point of a mountain. A hill is a landform that is high, but not high enough to be a mountain. A mountain range is group or chain of mountains that are close together. Fold mountains are formed when two plates run into each other or collide. the Identify the position Prior Learning: arth's and significance of ures, LKS2 – What makes the Earth angry? tains, the Equator, LKS2 – Place and location knowledge and Northern KS1 – Physical & human geography – continents & Hemisphere, oceans Southern Hemisphere, Arctic and Antarctic Circle
Learning Challenge: How can Geography Phase: UKS2 Strand: Geo National Curriculum Objective/s Core Kn Geographical skills & fieldwork Ordnance Survey (OS) is th agency for Great Britain: p Use the 8 points of a compass, 4 &6-figure grid represent only 5% of OS' a references, symbols & key (including the use of produce digital map data Ordnance Survey maps) to build their knowledge of the and sharing services and m United Kingdom & the wider world. The eight compass points and NW. Learning Challenge Questions Keys, symbols, scales and 1. What would a bird’s eye view of your school look like? features of maps. 2. Can you put together a map of the immediate area Invisible lines of latitude an around your school? over the Earth: these lines ordinate to locate a place 3. Can you explain why Elland exists and what would have brought people to live there in the first place? Lines of latitude (also know Earth from east to west. 4. Can you use a key to describe features on an Ordnance Survey map? The lines of longitude or m the lines that run north and 5. Can you use an OS map, including compass point in the same way as the line directions, to help someone plan a route between two Four-figure grid references local points? square, but we six-figure g find an exact location with 6. If you got lost within 50 miles of your home, how would you go about finding your way home? What we know already… Identify the position A map is a drawing An aerial view and significance of on a flat surface that ‘looking from shows features such the Equator, above’, often c Northern as roads, building, a bird’s-eye v rivers, forests and Hemisphere, Southern mountains Hemisphere, Arctic and Antarctic Circle
you find your way to Jo’burg? ographical skills & fieldwork: mapping nowledge Core Text: he national mapping Key Vocabulary paper maps for walkers annual revenue. They also key A map key or legend is included a, online route planning scale with a map to give you the mobile apps. grid reference information needed for are N, NE, E, SE, S, SW, W the map to make sense. latitude grid references are typical longitude The scale of a map is the ratio of a distance on the map to the nd longitude form a grid corresponding distance on the help to create a co- ground. e accurately. Grid lines on maps define the wn as parallels) circle the coordinate system, and are numbered to provide a unique meridians of longitude are reference to each location on d south and are measured the map. es of latitude. s are used to find a grid Latitude is used together grid references are used to with longitude to specify the hin. precise location of features on the surface of the Earth. w is Nelson Mandela was Prior Learning: m from South Africa. called He successfully led UKS2 – Where can I find magnificent mountains and how view the resistance to are they made? LKS2 – What makes the Earth angry? South Africa's policy KS1 – Could a bog baby live in our woodland? of apartheid in the 20th Century
Learning Challenge: W Geography Phase: UKS2 Strand: Hum National Curriculum Objective/s Core Kn Human & physical geography Natural resources includ Describe & understand key concepts of: minerals and water. Human geography, including: types of settlement & land use, economic activity including trade links, & the distribution of The UK’s top trading pa natural resources including energy, food, minerals & water. States. Learning Challenge Questions Fairtrade aims to help p 1. What do we trade? countries to make bette 2. Who do we trade with? 3. What do we trade with El Salvador? There are more than 1.7 4. Why is fair trade important? workers in Fairtrade cert 5. What is the Global Economy? organisations (21% are w 6. How has trading changed? 1599 Fairtrade organisa 50% of all Fairtrade farm Trade is the buying and services between differe What we know already… Human geography is A settlement is a Some settleme the study of people place where people also have a spe live and establish a and their use, e.g. farm communities, community. (agriculture cultures, economies, and interactions with the environment
Why is Fair Trade fair? man geography: economic activity nowledge Core Text: de energy, food, artner is the United producers in developing agriculture Key Vocabulary er trading conditions. export The practise of preparing soil, 71 million farmers and Fair Trade producing crops and raising tified producer livestock (animals) and selling the women). food miles product. import A product sold to a foreign ations in 75 countries. origin (different) country. mer produce coffee. Produce A system that makes sure a d selling of goods and product, usually from a poorer ent countries. country gets a fair price for the product they are selling. The distance a product has travelled from producer to the person who buys the product. A product brought into a country to be sold there. Where something begins. Making or growing something that will be sold. ents Name and locate Prior Learning: ecial the seven continents ming KS1 – Location knowledge: Name & locate the world’s e) and five oceans seven continents & five oceans Why can’t a meerkat live at the South Pole? Locate the world’s LKS2 – Settlements – Where would you choose to build a countries city?
Learning Challenge: What is Geography Phase: UKS2 Strand: Hum National Curriculum Objective/s Core Kn Human & physical geography Rivers run through every Key aspects of physical geography, including: climate zones, but Antarctica. biomes and vegetation belts, rivers, mountains, volcanoes and earthquakes and the water cycle. Rivers have sources, cha Geographical skills & fieldwork mouths. Use maps, atlases, globes and digital/computer mapping to The River Nile runs throu locate countries and describe features studied and is the longest river i Learning Challenge Questions The Amazon River in Sou 1. Where are the key rivers in the UK? largest river in the world 2. Can you locate the key rivers of the world? Earth's fresh water. 3. What are the key features of a river system? 4. What is the journey of a river? Brazil is the largest coun 5. How are rivers used? and takes its name com 6. What is the impact of building a dam? brazilwood. What we know already… 80% of our fresh The water cyc water originates the journey wa The River Nile is the from mountains rakes as it mo world’s longest river from the land to sky and back a (4,160 miles long) and runs into the Mediterranean sea
s so fascinating about Brazil? man & physical geography: rivers Core Text: nowledge estuary Key Vocabulary river mouth y continent of the world An area where a river or a source stream meets the ocean. annels, tributaries and meander A river mouth is the part of the erosion river where the river flows into ugh 11 countries in Africa another river, a lake, a reservoir, in the world. tributary a sea or an ocean. delta uth America is the The source of a river is where it d, containing 20% of the begins, usually in high ground. A meander is a winding curve or ntry in South America bend in a river. mes from a tree named Erosion occurs when the fastest currents in the river carve intensely into the banks. Where one stream meets another and merge together. Deltas are often found at the mouth of large rivers. cle is The River Thames Prior Learning: ater runs through London oves LKS2 – How can we rediscover the wonders of Ancient o the The River Calder runs Egypt? again through Elland LKS2 – Where would you choose to build a city? LKS2 – Will we ever see the water we drink again? UKS2 – Where can I find magnificent mountains and how are they formed?
Learning Challenge: Why a Geography Phase: UKS2 Strand: Hum National Curriculum Objective/s Core Kno Location knowledge A rainforest is a dense fore Locate the world’s countries using maps to focus on South tropical areas with high ra America, concentrating on their environmental regions, key tropical or temperate. physical and human characteristics, countries and major cities; There are 4 layers of a rain Human & physical geography understorey layer, canopy Key aspects of physical geography, including: climate zones, layer. biomes and vegetation belts, rivers… About 30 million species of Learning Challenge Questions tropical rainforests. 1. Which areas of the world contain rainforests? Most rainforests are found Cancer and the Tropic of 2. What are the main features of rainforests? Around 60% of the Amazo 3. What are the key aspects of a tropical climate? Brazil. 4. Why are rainforests often in the news and what It is estimated that if clima can we do to help? increase the world's tempe Celsius, 75% of the Amazo 5. What can you find out about an endangered animal that lives in the rainforest? The Amazon rainforest is a ‘Lungs of the Planet', prod 6. How important is the Amazon to the South the world's oxygen. American rainforests? It is believed that there ma Amazon native tribes living have never been in conta world. What we know already… The Amazon River in Brazil is the largest The Amazo South America is the country in South Rainforest is loc largest river in the America and takes in Brazil in Sou world, containing its name comes from America 20% of the Earth's a tree named fresh water brazilwood
are rainforests so important? man & physical geography: rainforests owledge Core Text: est normally found in Key Vocabulary ainfall; there are two types: canopy The canopy, which may be over 30m nforest: rainforest floor, above ground, is made up of the y layer and emergent emergent layer overlapping branches and leaves of deforestation the trees. f plants and animals live in biomes temperate The name given to the tops of trees between the Tropic of endangered that poke up above the rainforest Capricorn. canopy. on Rainforest is located in When areas of the rainforest are cut ate change were to down and the area is permanently erature by only 3 degrees cleared for another use. on would be destroyed. Biomes are distinct biological also referred to as the communities that have formed in ducing more than 20% of response to a shared climate. ay still be as many as 50 Relating to or denoting a region or g in the rainforest that climate characterised by mild act with the rest of the temperatures. An endangered species is a species that has been categorised as very likely to become extinct. on Biodiversity: the Prior Learning: cated variety of plant and uth UKS2 – What is so fascinating about Brazil? animal life in a UKS2 – Classification A (Science) particular habitat, usually considered to be important or desirable
Learning Challenge: What is Geography Phase: UKS2 Strand: Loca National Curriculum Objective/s Core Kn Location knowledge On July 4, 1776, the Decla was issued, establishing the Locate the world’s countries using maps to focus on North America, The USA is the third largest concentrating on their environmental regions, key physical and human characteristics, countries and major cities; There are 50 states in the U Identify the position and significance of latitude. Longitude, Equator, Northern Hemisphere, Southern Hemisphere, the Tropics of Cancer and Population is approximate Capricorn, Arctic and Antarctic Circle, the Prime/Greenwich Meridian comparison the UK’s popu and time zones (including day and night) The capital city of the USA Learning Challenge Questions The Mississippi and Missour the longest river system in 1. Where in the world are North and South America? There are four time zones: and Pacific - when it is no 2. Can you use geographical terminology to describe the zone, it is 11 am in the Cen location and characteristics of a range of places the Mountain time zone an across the Americas? zone. Spectacular geographica 3. Can you describe the climates and biomes of different Grand Canyon, Death Va regions across the Americas? On July 4, 1776, the Decla was issued, establishing the 4. Can you identify the position and significance of latitude and longitude? 5. Can you identify similarities and differences in the human and physical geography of your local area and a region of North America? 6. What is Prime/Greenwich Meridian and what are time zones? What we know already… As the Earth rotates on its axis, the Sun only Lines of latitud shines on the side of the Earth that it is (also known a parallels) circle facing. This means: it is daytime for the parts Earth from eas of the Earth that have the Sun shining on them it is night-time for places that are on west. the opposite side of the Earth and are in the shade
s so special about the USA? ation knowledge: North America Core Text: nowledge Key Vocabulary aration of Independence Tliamtiteudzoene A timeLaztoitnuedereisfeurssetdotaongyetrheegrion where he United States of America. tlhoengsaitmudeestandalwrodictthaimtliooenngisoitfkuefdepeatttNouroseprstehocnPifotyhlteehetshuperfraecceise northern end of Eoaf rththe'sEaaxrtihs.South Pole the southern country in the world. ebnidomofeEsarth's axBisioPmriemseaMreedriisdtiinacnt abnioilmogaigcianlary line USA. trThuiemnnweinozgorlntdheirnotuogehaTrcGesiomtsrempeereomnznnoauwsnenniedicttshioewasianertehssLhtadoeatinrvrhnedidadohevnecdemwlibmfoihysaripmcitmhheeea.sdrgpeilinsnitas ry Eastern HemisphlienreesCcoaullendtrimesetrioditahnesewahsitcohfrtuhne ely 325 million (in ulation is 66 million). Prime Meridian Wfroemstethren HNoemrthisPpohleerteoCthoeunStoruieths to A is Washington DC. the west of the PProimlee. Meridian Prime An imaginary line running through ri Rivers combine to form the USA. Meridian Greenwich in London which splits Eastern, Central, Mountain oon in the Eastern time ntral time zone, 10 am in nd 9 am in the Pacific time al landmarks include The alley, and Niagara Falls. aration of Independence he United States of America. the world into eastern and western hemispheres Tropic of Also referred to as the Cancer Northern Tropic, is the most northerly circle of latitude on Earth at which The lines of longitude, the Sun can be directly overhead or meridians of de Prior Learning: as longitude, are the e the lines that run north UKS2 – How can you find your way to Jo’burg? st to and south and are UKS2 – What is so fascinating about Brazil? UKS2 – How did Hitler’s invasion of Europe impact on measured in the Britain? same way as the lines of latitude.
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