Basketball Handbook

BASKETBALL HANDBOOK Sir Roneth Mangalindan P.E

BASKETBALL (Definition) BASKETBALL IS A TEAM SPORT IN WHICH TWO TEAMS, MOST COMMONLY OF FIVE PLAYERS EACH, OPPOSING ONE ANOTHER ON A RECTANGULAR COURT, COMPETE WITH THE PRIMARY OBJECTIVE OF SHOOTING A BASKETBALL WITH TEAM MEMBERS: 5 PER SIDE FIRST PLAYED: DECEMBER 21, 1891; 130 YEARS AGO. SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS, U.S HIGHEST GOVERNING BODY: FIBA VENUE: INDOOR COURT (MAINLY) OR OUTDOOR COURT (STREETBALL)

BASKETBALL (Definition) BASKETBALL, game played between two teams of five players each on a rectangular court, usually indoors. Each team tries to score by tossing the ball through the opponent’s goal, an elevated horizontal hoop and net called a basket The only major sport strictly of U.S. origin, basketball was invented by James Naismith (1861–1939) on or about December 1, 1891, at the International Young Men’s Christian Association (YMCA) Training School (now Springfield College), Springfield, Massachusetts, where Naismith was an instructor in physical education. For that first game of basketball in 1891, Naismith used as goals two half-bushel peach baskets, which gave the sport its name. The students were enthusiastic. After much running and shooting, William R. Chase made a midcourt shot—the only score in that historic contest. Word spread about the newly invented game, and numerous associations wrote Naismith for a copy of the rules, which were published in the January 15, 1892, issue of the Triangle, the YMCA Training School’s campus paper While basketball is competitively a winter sport, it is played on a 12-month basis —on summer playgrounds, in municipal, industrial, and church halls, in school yards and family driveways, and in summer camps—often on an informal basis between two or more contestants. Many grammar schools, youth groups, municipal recreation centres, churches, and other organizations conduct basketball programs for youngsters of less than high school age. Jay Archer, of Scranton, Pennsylvania, introduced “biddy” basketball in 1950 for boys and girls under 12 years of age, the court and equipment being adjusted for size.

COURT DIMENSIONS A basketball court is 91.86ft long and 49.21ft wide. ... Basketball court dimensions in feet. Court aspect Dimensions Length 91.86ft Width 49.21ft Height 22.96ft Playing area ² 4520.43ft

BASIC EQUIPMENT Water Bottle Hoop Basketball Uniform Sneakers

EQUIPMENT Basketball Hoop Uniform Sneakers Whistle Basketball Court Stop watch Tropy Score Board Water Bottle Basketball is a simple game, it doesn't require any equipment other than a hoop, a ball and a flat court. Even two players can play and have fun with basketball.

BASIC SKILLS the 5 basic skills in basketball Dribbling Shooting Defense Rebounding Passing

BASIC SKILLS DRIBBLING Dribbling in basketball is an action the ball-handler can take to move the ball on the court while retaining possession. Dribbling differs from passing since the same player retains control of the ball. Dribbling is a continuous motion that a player uses to repeatedly bounce the ball off the floor with one hand.

BASIC SKILLS SHOOTING Shooting form is very important to having an accurate jump shot but you also need to have proper balance and use your legs to shoot the shot. Improving your shooting form itself, in my opinion, can help you go from an average shooter to an elite shooter.

BASIC SKILLS DEFENSE A basketball defense refers to the defensive strategies, alignments, and positioning that a team uses to prevent the opposing offense from scoring baskets. In basketball, good defense requires quickness, footwork, and a deep understanding of the fundamentals.

BASIC SKILLS REBOUNDING In basketball, a rebound, sometimes colloquially referred to as a board, is a statistic awarded to a player who retrieves the ball after a missed field goal or free throw.

BASIC SKILLS PASSING You can use one or two hands to pass the ball. You can pass the ball using an overhand or underhand motion. There is no limit on how hard a player can throw the ball. You cannot pass the ball to yourself. Players can not pass from the frontcourt to the backcourt.

TACTICAL AND TECHNICAL SKILLS The technical and tactical skills of basketball are the necessary elements an athlete must acquire in order to maintain beyond-the-arc shots, perfect ball handling, better rebounding, better blocking, accurate passing, better shooting, swift-running patterns, and quick thinking.

RULES OF THE GAME 1.Only five players per team on the court In the NBA, WNBA, and NCAA basketball, each team can play a maximum number of five players on the court. If a team breaks this main rule, they will lose possession of the ball. Sometimes this inadvertently happens, particularly at low levels of the game, when substitute players che ck into the game and others don't leave the court in time. 2.Score more than your opponent to win To win the game, a team must score more field goals than the other team. A field goal refers to any basket a player scores during gameplay. 3.Score within the shot clock. Teams have a limited amount of time to shoot the ball during a given possession. In the NBA and WNBA, teams are allowed 24 seconds of possession before they must shoot, while NCAA teams are allowed 30 seconds. A shot clock mounted above the hoop on each side of the court displays and counts down the time allotted. If the shot clock elapses, the opposing team forfeits the ball and becomes the defensive team.

RULES OF THE GAME 4.Dribbling advances the ball. Basketball players may only advance the ball by passing or dribbling (bouncing the ball on the floor) as they move up and down the court. If a player stops dribbling, they may not resume; instead, they must pass the ball or shoot it. If an offensive player with possession of the ball stops then continues dribbling before passing or shooting, the referee will call a “double dribble,” and the opposing team gets the ball. Additionally, players may only advance the ball by dribbling it. If they run while holding the ball, they are traveling. Referees will issue a traveling call, and possession of the ball will go to the opposing team. 5.The offense has five seconds to inbound the ball. After the offense scores a basket, the opposing team receives possession of the ball. One of their players has to inbound the ball from a designated spot on the sidelines of the court to resume gameplay. The player has five seconds to pass the ball to another player on his team, or else the team loses possession. The defender cannot contact the ball when the offensive player is trying to inbound it, or the referee can issue a technical foul. 6.The offense must advance the ball. Once an offensive team advances the ball past the half-court line, the ballhandler may not cross that line again, or a referee will award possession of the ball to the opposing team.

RULES OF THE GAME 7.Ball and ballhandler must remain inbounds. Once an offensive team advances the ball past the half-court line, the ballhandler may not cross that line again, or a referee will award possession of the ball to the opposing team. 8.Defenders can’t interfere with a shot on a downward trajectory. After the offensive player shoots the ball, it is illegal for a defensive player to interfere with it once it begins its descent toward the rim. This interference is called a goaltend and will result in an automatic field goal for the offense. 9.Defenders can legally block or steal the ball. The defending team’s goal is to prevent the offensive team from scoring by either stealing the ball, blocking the ball from entering the basket, or using defensive tactics to prevent an offensive player from shooting and scoring.

RULES OF THE GAME 10.Defenders must leave the paint after three seconds. The area directly in front of the basket is sometimes referred to as \"the paint\" or \"inside the key.\" Offensive players may not camp out in this area waiting for the ball or an offensive rebound. Any individual player can spend a maximum of three seconds at a time in the space before they have to move. Once they step out of the paint, they can return. If the referee notices a player hovering in the paint for over three seconds, the team will receive a three-second violation. 11.Each team is allotted a certain number of fouls. The NBA allows each team a total of five fouls per quarter. Once a team surpasses this allotment, they go “into the bonus,” which means the officials will award the opposing team with free throws for every additional foul that a player commits in that quarter of play. In the NCAA, these foul shots are known as \"one and one\" shots, which means that if a player makes the first free throw, they receive a second free throw. If they miss the first free throw, either team can rebound the errant shot and claim possession. After 10 team fouls, the opposing team gets a \"double bonus,\" which means they get to take two foul shots. 12.Illegal contact results in a foul. When a basketball player commits illegal physical contact against an opposing player, the referees will call a personal foul. Most player fouls involve contact that impedes an opposing player's gameplay. When a player fouls another player on an opposing team in the act of shooting, the referee rewards the fouled player with unguarded free throws from the foul line. Each successfully made free throw counts for one point. Referees can assess coaches with fouls for unsportsmanlike acts, such as using profanity to dispute a missed call.

RULES OF THE GAME 13.Illegal contact results in a personal foul. A personal foul is an infraction that violates the rules of the game. Players can incur personal fouls by pushing, blocking, or striking another player in the act of shooting. Shooting fouls result in free throw attempts for the fouled player. If a defender fouls a shooter attempting a two-point shot, the shooter will receive two free throws. If a shooter is fouled during a three-point shot attempt, they will receive three free throws. If the player makes the shot they were attempting at the time of illegal contact, the basket counts, and the shooter will receive one free throw. 14.Excessive contact results in a flagrant foul. Flagrant fouls refer to a personal foul that can potentially injure the opponent. These fouls carry heavier penalties, such as fines, immediate ejection, and even suspension. There are two types of flagrant fouls: flagrant foul—penalty (1) and flagrant foul—penalty (2). Flagrant 1 refers to fouls involving unnecessary contact. The penalty for this foul type is a free throw for the opponent and possession of the ball. Flagrant 2 refers to any foul involving unnecessary and excessive contact. Officials perform an instant-play review to determine if an act qualifies for the flagrant 2 penalty. If it does, the player at fault is assessed a fine and an automatic ejection from the game, and the opposing team receives free throws and possession of the ball.

RULES OF THE GAME 15.Charges and illegal screens result in an offensive foul. An offensive foul is a personal foul that offensive players commit when their team possesses the ball. The two most common offensive fouls are charging and illegal ball screens. Charging is when an offensive player makes contact with a defensive player who has planted their feet in a locked position. An illegal screen is when a non-ball-handling offensive player moves while setting a screen for their teammate to prevent the defender from moving about the court. 16.Certain rule violations result in technical fouls. A technical foul is a penalty for violating the game’s administrative rules. Officials commonly assess technical fouls for fighting and verbal abuse, often assessing coaches with this penalty if they are too abrasive when disputing a call. Technical fouls result in a free throw and a change of possession. If a player or coach receives two technical fouls in the same game, the referee will eject them. Players with a long history of technical fouls risk suspension from the regular season and even playoff games.

HOW TO OFFICIATE THE BASKETBALL The Referee A referee is the official in charge during and after the game. He is the official who watches a game or match closely to ensure that the rules are adhered to and sometimes to arbitrate on matters. He has the full responsibility to enforce the rules and maintain the order of the game. The referee has the final say on disciplinary matters. He also controls the game and takes up positions on opposite sides of the court. The duties of the Referee include the following: a. Inspects and approves all equipment, including court, baskets, ball, backboards b. Inspects timer’s and scorer’s signals c. Designates the official timepiece and its operator d. Designates the official scorebook and the official scorer e. Responsible for notifying each captain three minutes before each half is to begin f. Decides whether or not a goal shall count if officials disagree g. May forfeit the game when conditions warrant h. Decides upon matter on which the timers and scorers disagree i. Has the power to make decisions on any points specifically covered by the rules j. Determines of ground rules are necessary

HOW TO OFFICIATE THE BASKETBALL The Timekeeper The timekeeper also called Timer is charged with certain duties, according to the rules of basketball. The timekeeper should be familiar with all of the rules and obligations in the game. Mastering these rules and regulations can help avoid confusion during the game for both the officials and the timekeeper. He keeps a record of playing time and stoppages in play, and times the time-outs, and indicates when each half or overtime ends. The Timekeeper also keeps and show the time of a basketball game to ensure that all quarters are played evenly and to indicate the end of the game or quarter. If there is a timing mistake in the game, the official timekeeper must also inform the official of any specific knowledge relating to the mistake. The timekeeper has the responsibility of notifying the officials that time has run out and helping them determine if a goal should count. The Timekeeper duties include the followi olng: a. Consults officials as to signals used to indicate a time-out and resumption of time b. Keeps eyes on the officials throughout the game c. Checks on the duration of time-outs, substitution, etc. When to start clock: 1. When ball is legally tapped on all jumps balls 2. When ball is touched in bounds, if resumption of play is by a throw-in after clock has been stopped 3. When ball is legally touched after a missed free throw and ball is to remain alive When to stop clock: 1. When time expires at the end of the period 2. When an official signals a foul 3. When an official signals a jump ball 4. When a violation occurs 5. When an official orders a time-out

HOW TO OFFICIATE THE BASKETBALL The Scorer The scorer also called scorekeepers keeps a record of points scored, all fouls called against each player, timeouts charged to each team, notes the starting line-ups, and keeps a record of all substitutions. Scorekeepers should also refrain from any other distracting activity, such as texting, chatting, or talking during play. It is also advised that the responsibilities for bookkeeping and timekeeping not be delegated to just somebody else for the protection and confidentiality of the scores. Scoring for individual players is least important. The Scorer duties include the following: a. Obtains names and numbers of all players who may participate in the game at least ten (10) minutes before the start of the game. At least three (3) minutes before scheduled starting time, have each team designate its first five players. He also reports any failure to comply referees. b. Records field goals made, free throws made and missed, running summary of points scored, personal and technical fouls on each player, team personal fouls per half and timeouts.

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