15-Minute Japanese

ENGLISH TO JAPANESE 149 golf gorufu (difficult) muzukashih hobby shumi golfer gorufah hard lenses (contact) holiday (public) kyu jitsu good ih good! yokatta home ie hahdo renzu homeopathy dohshu good morning hardware store kanamono ohayo gozaimasu ryoh hoh good evening konbanwa ya honest shohjiki (na) goodbye (informal) sayonara; harmony chohwa/hahmonih honey hachimitsu (formal) sayohnara hat bohshi honeymoon shinkon-ryokoh government seifu hate: I hate … watashi wa… hood (car) bonn-netto granddaughter horn (car) kurakushon mago-musume ga daikirai desu horrible osoroshih grandfather ojihsan have motsu horse uma my grandfather sofu hospital byoh-in grandmother obahsan I have … …wa/ga arimasu/ hot atsui my grandmother sobo imasu; …o motte imasu hot chocolate kokoah grandson mago-musko I don’t have … hot water bottle yutampo grapes budoh …wa/ga arimasen/imasen; hotel hoteru grass kusa …o motte imasen hour jikan gray hai-iro (no) can I have …? …o kudasai house ie Great Britain Igirisu have you got …? household products green midori/gurihn …o omochi desuka grill guriru I have a headache katei yo-hin grilled yaita zutsu ga shimasu housewife sengyo-shufu grocery store hay fever kafunshoh how? doh shokuryoh hinten he kare how much? ikura desuka ground floor ikkai head atama hundred hyaku guarantee (noun) hoshoh-sho headache zutsu hungry: I’m hungry (verb) hoshoh suru headlights heddo raito guidebook gaido bukku headquarters honsha onaka ga suite imasu guided tour gaido hear kiku hurry: I’m in a hurry tsuki tsuah hearing aid hochohki guitar gitah heart shinzoh isoide imasu gun (rifle) jyu/raifuru heart attack shinzoh mahi hurt: will it hurt? (pistol) pisutoru heating danboh gutter amadoi heavy omoi itai desuka heel kakato husband goshujin H hello! konnichiwa (on the telephone) my husband otto hair kami moshi moshi hair dryer doraiyah help (noun) enjo/tasuke I hair spray heya supureh (verb) taskeru haircut (for man) sanpatsu help! taskete I watashi hepatitis kan-en ice kohri (for woman) katto her: it’s her kanojo desu ice cream aisukurihmu half hanbun it’s for her kanojo no desu ice pop aiskyandeh give it to her kanojo ni if moshi half an hour sanjippun agete kudasai ignition tenka sohchi ham hamu her book(s) kanojo no hon ill byohki hamburger hanbahgah it’s hers kanojo no immediately suguni hammer kanazuchi (mono) desu impossible fukanoh hand te high takai in: in Japan Nihon ni hand brake hando burehki highway kohsoku-dohro handbag handobaggu hill oka in Japanese Nihongo de handkerchief hankachi him: it’s him kare desu in my room watashi no handle (door) handoru it’s for him kare no desu heya ni handsome hansamu (na) give it to him kare ni India Indo hangover futsuka-yoi agete kudasai Indian (person) indo jin happen: when did hire kariru (adj) indo no his: his shoe(s) kare no kutsu indicator winkah it happen? itsu it’s his kare no (mono) desu indigestion shohka-furyoh okori mashitaka history rekishi infection kansen happy shiawase (na) hitchhike hicchi-haiku information johhoh harbor minato HIV positive eichi ai bui information desk hard katai kansensya madoguchi inhaler (for asthma, etc.) kyu-nyu-ki injection chu-sha

150 DICTIONARY injury kega K leather kawa ink inku leave (go away) deru/saru inn (traditional Japanese) key kih; kagi keyboard kihbohdo (object) nokosu ryokan kidney jinzoh lecture kohgi insect mushi kilo kiro lecturer kohshi insect repellent kilometer kiromehtoru left (not right) hidari kimono kimono mush-sasare yobohyaku kiss (noun) kisu turn left hidari ni insomnia fuminshoh kitchen daidokoro magatte kudasai insurance hoken kitchen towel fukin left luggage tenimotsu interesting omoshiroi knee hiza azukarisho (locker) rokkah internet intahnetto knife naifu leg ashi internet café netto kafeh knit amu leisure reyjah interpret tsu-yaku suru know: I don’t know lemon remon invitation shohtai lemonade remonehdo invoice (noun) shirimasen length nagasa Korea Kankoku lens renzu sehkyu-sho less: less than … Ireland Airurando North Korea Kita Chohsen …yori sukunai Irish Airurando no South Korea lesson jugyoh Irishman airurando jin Daikanminkoku letter tegami Irishwoman airurando jin Korean (person) kankoku jin lettuce retasu iron (metal) tetsu (adj) kankoku no library toshokan license menkyo (for clothes) airon L license plate is: he/she/it is … nambah-purehto label raberu life seikatsu kare wa/kanojo wa/ lace rehsu lift: could you give me a sore wa… desu lady fujin/jyoseh lift? nosete kure-masenka island shima lake mizu-umi light (not heavy) karui it sore lamb kohitsuji (not dark) akarui itch (noun) kayumi lamp ranpu; denki stando light meter roshutsukei it itches kayui desu lampshade denki stando lighter raitah lighter fuel raitah no gasu J no kasa like: I like … …ga suki desu land (noun) tochi I don’t like it jacket jyaketto suki dewa arimasen jacuzzi jagujih (verb) chakuriku suru I’d like … …o onegai jam jamu language gengo shimasu; …o kudasai January ichi gatsu laptop (computer) lime (fruit) raimu Japan Nihon line (subway) sen Japanese (person) nihonjin (nohto) pasokon (mark) retsu large ohkih (position) narabu (adj) nihon no last (final) saigo (no) lip balm rippu-kurihmu (language) nihongo lipstick kuchi-beni Japanese-style wafu last week senshu liqueur rikyu-ru jazz jazu last month sen getsu liquor store saka ya jealous shitto-bukai at last! tsui ni list risuto jeans jihnzu late: it’s getting late literature (field of study) jellyfish kurage moh osoi desu bungaku jewelry store hohseki shoh the train is late liter rittoru job shigoto densha wa okurete imasu litter gomikuzu jog (verb) jogingu suru laugh warai little (small) chihsai to go for a jog jogingu laundromat koin-randorih just a little hon no sukoshi ni iku laundry (place) kurihningu ya liver kanzoh joke johdan (dirty clothes) sentaku-mono living room ima/ribingu journey ryokoh/tabi laundry detergent senzai lobster ise-ebi July shichi gatsu law (field of study) lollipop boh tsuki kyandeh jumper jampah/sehtah hohritsu/hohgaku long nagai June roku gatsu lawyer bengoshi how long does it take? just: it’s just arrived laxative gezai dono kurai kakari masuka chohdo tsuki-mashta lazy: he is lazy kare wa lost property wasure-mono I’ve just got one left namake-mono desu hitotsu dake nokotte imasu leaf ha/happa leaflet chirashi learn narau/manabu

E N G LI S H TO JA PA N E S E 151 lot: a lot takusan men (bathroom) dansei yoh mussels mu-rugai not a lot ohku arimasen to-ee-reh mustache kuchi hige mustard karashi loud: in a loud voice menu menyu my: my key(s) watashi ohgoe de message messehji midday shohgo no kagi lounge raunji middle: in the middle mythology shinwa love (noun) ai mannaka ni N (verb) ai suru midnight mayonaka lover koibito milk gyu-nyu; miruku nail (metal) kugi low hikui million hyaku-man (finger) tsume luck un good luck! mine: it’s mine watashi no nail file nehru-fairu guddo rakku/ganbatte (mono) desu nail polish manikyua luggage tenimotsu mineral water name namae luggage rack mineraru wohtah my name is … watashi no nimotsu-dana minute fun namae wa… desu lunch chu-shoku mirror kagami napkin oshibori; napukin mistake machigai narrow semai M near: near the door I made a mistake doa no chikaku magazine zasshi machigai-mashita near London mail (verb) yu-soh suru modem modem Rondon no chikaku mom okahsan necessary hitsuyoh (noun) yu-bin-butsu monastery shu-dohin neck kubi mail carrier yu-bin haitatsu Monday getsuyoh bi necklace nekkuresu money okane need (verb) iru I need … nin monkey saru watashi wa… ga irimasu mailbox (private) yu-bimbako month tsuki/…gatsu … are needed monument kinenhi …ga hitsuyoh desu (public) posuto moon tsuki needle hari make tsukuru moped tansha negative (photo) nega make-up keshohhin more motto neither: neither of them man otoko; danseh; hito morning asa dochira mo… masen manager manehjyah good morning neither … nor … map chizu a map of Tokyo ohayo gozaimasu mo… mo…masen in the morning asa ni nephew oi Tohkyoh no chizu mosaic mozaiku never kesshite March san gatsu mosquito ka new atarashih margarine mahgarin mother okahsan New Zealand Nyu-jihrando market ichiba my mother haha New Zealander (person) marmalade mahmarehdo motorboat mohtah-bohto nyu-jihrando jin married: I’m married motorcycle ohtobai news nyu-su Mount Fuji fujisan newspaper shinbun kekkon shite imasu mountain yama newsstand shinbun ya martial arts budoh mountain climbing tozan next tsugi next week raishu mascara masukara mouse (animal) nezumi next month rai getsu massage massahji (computer) mausu nice suteki (na) mat (straw) tatami mouth kuchi niece mei match (light) macchi move ugoku night yoru two nights (stay don’t move! ugokanaide in hotel) ni haku (sports) shiai (house) hikkosu nightclub naito-kurabu material (cloth) kiji movie eiga nightdress nemaki matter: what’s the movie theater eiga kan nine kyu Mr., Mrs., Ms. -san nineteen jyu-kyu matter? doh shimashitaka much: not much sukoshi ninety kyu-jyu mattress mattoresu much better zutto no (response) ihe May go gatsu ih desu I have no money may be tabun mug kappu okane wa arimasen me: it’s me watashi desu museum hakubutsu kan no entry shin-nyu kinshi mushroom kinoko no problem ihdesuyo it’s for me watashi no desu music ongaku noisy urusai; yakamashih give it to me watashi musical instrument gakki ni kudasai musician ongakuka meal shokuji meat niku mechanic kikai gishi medicine (tablets, etc.) kusuri (field of study) igaku meeting mihtingu; kaigi melon meron memory (computer) memori

152 DICTIONARY nonsmoking (section) or soretomo/aruiwa (political) seitoh kin-en seki orange (color) orenji-iro (no) passenger ryokyaku passport pasupohto noodles men rui (fruit) orenji north kita orange juice orenj jyusu passport control Northern Ireland orchestra ohkesutora (entering) nyu-koku shinsa order (noun) chu-mon; ohdah (leaving) shukkoku shinsa Kita Airurando ordinary futsu-no path komichi nose hana our watashi tachi no patient (in the hospital) not: not today byoh-nin it’s ours watashi tachi no pavement hodoh kyoh dewa arimasen (mono) desu pay harau he is not here out: he’s out kare wa where can I pay? kare wa koko ni imasen gaishutsu shite imasu doko de harae masuka not that one outside soto payment shiharai sore dewa arimasen over (more than) ijyoh peach momo/pihchi notepad nohto (above) ue peanuts pihnatsu nothing nanimo over there mukoh pear nashi novel shohsetsu overpass rittai kohsa pearl shinju/pahru November jyu-ichi gatsu overtake oikosu peas mame now ima oyster kaki pedestrian hokohsha nowhere dokonimo pen pen number (numeral) su-ji P pencil enpitsu (telephone) bangoh pencil sharpener nurse kangoshi Pacific Ocean Taiheiyoh enpitsu kezuri nut (fruit) kurumi pacifier (for baby) oshaburi peninsula hantoh (for bolt) natto pack of cards penknife chihsai naifu penpal penparu O kahdo hitokumi people hitobito package (parcel) kozutsumi (nation) kokumin occasionally tama ni packet pakku pepper (condiment) koshoh ocean umi (vegetable) pihman o’clock: … o’clock …ji a packet of … …hitohako peppermints October jyu gatsu padlock nankinjoh hakka-dorop/minto octopus tako page pehji per …ni tsuki of …no the name of the pain itai; itami per person hitori ni tsuki paint (noun) penki perfect kanzen (na) street michi no namae painting (hobby) perfume kohsui office jimusho perhaps tabun e o kaku koto perm pahma office worker kaisha in pair futatsu (no)/ittsui (no) petticoat pechikohto often yoku/tabi tabi pharmacy yakkyoku oil oiru; sekiyu a pair of shoes phonecard tereka; ointment nankoh kutsu issoku terehon cahdo okay okkeh pajamas pajama (traditional photocopier kopihki old (thing) furui Japanese) yukata photocopy kopih Pakistan Pakistan photograph (noun) shashin (person) toshi o totta Pakistani (person) pakistan (verb) shashin o toru olive orihbu jin (adj) pakistan no photographer shashinka omelet omuretsu pale (face) kaoiro ga warui phrase book furehzubukku on ue on the table (color) usui physics (field of study) pancakes pankehki butsuri tehburu no ue ni pants pantsu; zubon piano piano one (numeral) ichi pantyhose sutokkingu; taitsu pickpocket suri paper kami I’ve been pickpocketed (+ noun) hitotsu (no) (newspaper) shinbun surare mashita one way ippoh tsu-koh pardon? e? nan desuka picnic pikunikku one-way (ticket) katamichi parents ryohshin piece hitokire/hitotsu onion tamanegi park (noun) kohen pig buta only …dake (verb) chu-sha suru pillow makura open (adj) aita (verb) akeru parka anorakku pilot pairotto parking: no parking pin pin what time do you open? chuusha kinshi nanji ni akimasuka parking space shako opening times (museums/ parking lot chusha jyo libraries) kaikan jiman; party (celebration) pahtih (stores/restaurants) (group) dantai eigyoh jikan operating room shujyutsu shitsu

ENGLISH TO JAPANESE 153 pine (tree) matsu goshokugyoh wa rent (verb) kasu pineapple painappuru professor kyohjyu repairs shu-ri pink pinku profits ri-eki report (noun) hohkoku sho; pipe (for smoking) paip public ohyake pull hiku repohto (for water) suidohkan puncture panku reservation yoyaku pizza piza purple murasaki rest (remainder) sono hoka place basho purse saifu plants shokubutsu push osu (relaxation) yasumu plastic purasuchikku put oku restaurant resutoran plastic bag binihru-bukuro retailer tenshu plate sara Q return (come back) kaeru platform purrattohohmu play (theater) geki/shibai quality shitsu (give back) kaesu pleasant kimochi no ih question shitsumon rice (uncooked) kome please (give me) quick hayai quiet shizuka (na) (cooked) gohan (o) onegai shimasu quite (fairly) kanari rice cooker sui-hanki (please do) dohzo rich (person) kanemochi (no) plug (electrical) konsento (fully) sukkari (food) kotteri shita (sink) sen right (correct) tadashih plumber haikankoh R that’s right sohdesu pocket poketto (direction) migi poison doku rabbit usagi turn right police kehsatsu radiator rajiehtah migi ni magatte kudasai police officer kehsatsu kan; radio rajio ring (to call) denwa suru omawarisan radish daikon (wedding, etc.) yubiwa police report tsuh-hoh railroad tetsudoh ripe jukushita police station kehsatsu sho rain ame river kawa politics seiji raincoat reinkohto road dohro; michi pond ike raisins hoshi-budoh/rehzun roasted rohsuto shita poor mazushih rare (uncommon) mezurashih rock (stone) ishi (music) rokku (bad quality) roll (bread) rohru-pan shitsu ga warui (steak) re-ah roof yane pop music poppu rat dobu-nezumi room heya pork butaniku/pohku raw nama (no) (space) basho/supehsu port (harbor) minato razor blades kamisori rope tsuna/rohpu porter pohtah (train rose bara station) akaboh no ha round (circular) marui possible kanoh read yomu it’s my round postcard hagaki reading dokusho watashi no ban desu poster posutah round-trip (ticket) ohfuku post office yu-bin kyoku reading lamp route (bus, etc.) sen potato poteto dokusho ranpu rowboat bohto poultry toriniku ready yohi ga deki-mashita rubber (eraser) keshigomu powder kona/paudah ready meals (material) gomu pregnant: I’m pregnant kakoh shokuhin ruby (stone) rubih ninshin shite imasu rear lights tehru-ranpu rug (mat) shikimono prescription shohohsen receipt reshihto/ryohshyu-sho (blanket) mohfu pretty (beautiful) reception uketsuke ruins haikyo/iseki kireh (na) record (music) rekohdo ruler (for drawing) johgi price nedan (sports, etc.) kiroku rum ramu priest (Shintoh) kannushi record player run (person) hashiru (Buddhist) obohsan rekohdo-purehyah Russia Roshia (Christian) bokushi red aka Russian (person) roshia jin printer purintah refreshments nomimono (adj) roshia no private kojin (no) refrigerator reizohko problem mondai registered mail S what’s the problem? kakitome yu-bin doh shimashtaka relatives (family) shinseki sad kanashih produce market yao ya relax yukkuri suru safe anzen (na) profession: what’s your religion shu-kyoh safety pin anzen-pin profession? remember oboete iru sailboat hansen I don’t remember sake osake oboete imasen salad sarada

154 DICTIONARY salami sarami separate betsu (no) sightseeing kankoh sale (at reduced prices) sehru separated (from husband, silk kinu sales (figures) uri age silver (color) giniro (no) salmon sake etc.) wakareta salt shio September (metal) gin same: the same dress simple kantan (na)/ kyu gatsu onaji doresu serious (situation) jyu-dai (na) shinpuru (na) the same people sing utau onaji hito (person) majime (na) single (one) hitotsu same again please set (in theater) setto onajino o moh hitotsu seven shichi/nana (unmarried) dokushin onegai shimasu seventeen jyu-shichi/ single room shinguru ru-mu sand suna sink (kitchen) nagashi sand dunes sakyu jyu-nana sister (older) ane sandals sandaru seventy nana-jyu sandwich sando icchi several ikutsuka (no) (younger) imohto sanitary napkins sew nuu six roku seiriyoh napkin shampoo shanpu sixteen jyu-roku satellite TV sateraito terebi/ shave (noun) hige-sori sixty roku-jyu ehseh terebi size (clothes) saizu Saturday doyoh bi (verb) hige o soru skid (verb) suberu sauce sohsu shaving foam skin cleanser saucepan nabe sauna sauna hige-soriyoh sekken kurenjingu-kurihm sausage sohsehji shawl shohru skirt sukahto say yu what did you say? she kanojo sky sora nan to iware mashitaka sheep hitsuji sleep (noun) suimin How do you say … in sheet shihtsu Japanese? …wa nihongo de shell kai/kaigara (verb) nemuru nanto ihmasuka sherry sherih to go to sleep neru scarf sukahfu Shinto (adj) shintoh no sleeping bag nebukuro school gakkoh Shintoism shintoh sleeping pill suimin-yaku science (field of study) ship fune sleeve sode kagaku shirt shatsu slippers surippa scissors hasami shoe polish kutsu-zumi slow osoi Scotland Sukottorando shoe store kutsu ya small chihsai Scottish sukottorando no shoelaces kutsu-himo smell (noun) nioi (verb) niou screen (computer, etc.) shoes kutsu smile (noun) hohoemi gamen shrimp shiba-ebi (verb) hohoemu screen door (ryokan) fusuma smoke (noun) kemuri screen window jumbo shrimp ise-ebi (verb) tabako o su (ryokan) shoji shopping kaimono/shoppingu smoking (section) screw neji kitsu-en seki screwdriver neji-mawashi/ to go shopping kaimono snack sunakku sukuryu doraibah ni iku shopping cart snow yuki scroll makimono shoppingu kahto so: so good totemo ih seafood shifudo short (object) mijikai not so much … seafood shop sakana ya (person) (se ga) hikui sore hodo… dewa arimasen seat seki shorts hanzubon/shohtsu soaking solution seat belt shihto-beruto shoulder kata (for contact lenses) second (adj) nibamme (no) shower (bath) shawah kontaktoyoh hozoneki (time) byoh (rain) niwaka ame soap sekken secretary hisho shower gel shawah jeru soccer sakkah (ball) bohru see miru shrimp ebi socks kutsushita I can’t see miemasen shrine jinja soda water sohdasui I see (understand) soh shutter (window) amado soft yawarakai desuka/wakarimashita (camera) shattah soft lenses softo-renzu self-employed ji-eigyoh siblings go kyohdai soil (earth) tsuchi sell uru my siblings kyohdai somebody dareka seminar zemi/seminah sick (ill) byohki I feel sick somehow nantoka/dohnika send okuru kimochi ga warui desu something nanika side (edge) hashi sometimes tokidoki I’m on her side watashi somewhere dokoka wa kanojo no mikata desu son musuko san side mirror saido mirah my son musuko sidelights saido-raito song uta sights: the sights of … …no kenbutsu

ENGLISH TO JAPANESE 155 soon moh sugu string (cord) himo/kohdo takeoff ririku sorry! gomennasai (guitar, etc.) gen talcum powder I’m sorry sumimasen stroller uba-guruma tarukamu-paudah soup supu student gakusei talk (noun) hanashi south minami stupid baka South Africa Minami suburbs kohgai (verb) hanasu subway chikatetsu tall takai Afurika subway station chikatetsu tampon tanpon South African tangerine mikan no eki tapestry tapesutorih (person) minami afurika jin sugar satoh tax: including tax zeikomi (adj) minami afurika no suit (noun) su-tsu taxi takushih souvenir omiyage taxi stand takushih noriba spade (shovel) suki (verb) au/niau tea (Western) kohcha (cards) supehdo it suits you anata spares yobi-hin ni niaimasu (Japanese) ocha spark plug tenka-puragu suitcase su-tsu kehsu teacher sensei speak hanasu summer natsu teahouse chamise do you speak …? sun taiyoh team chihmu …o hanashi-masuka sunbathe nikkohyoku telephone (noun) denwa I don’t speak … sunburn hiyake …wa hanashimasen Sunday nichiyoh bi (verb) denwa suru/ speed supihdo sunglasses sangurasu denwa o kakeru spider kumo sunny: it’s sunny hi ga dete telephone booth spoon supuun imasu/tenki ga ih desu denwa bokkusu sports supohtsu suntan hiyake telephone call sprain nenza suntan lotion hiyake rohshon denwa spring (season) haru supermarket su-pah telephone number (mechanical) bane supplement (for fares) denwa bangoh square (in town) hiroba tsuika ryohkin television terebi stadium stajiamu suppository zayaku temperature ondo stage (in theater) butai surname myohji (fever) netsu staircase kaidan suspenders (pants) temple tera stairs kaidan zubon-tsuri ten jyu stamps kitte sweat (noun) ase ten thousand ichi man stapler hochikisu (verb) ase o kaku tennis tenisu star hoshi (film) sutah sweatshirt torehnah tent tento start shuppatsu/sutahto sweet (not sour) amai terminal (airport) tahminaru (verb) shuppatsu suru (candy) kyandih test (medical) kensa statement (to police) swim cap sui-ei boh than yori hohkoku sho swimming suiei thank (verb) kansha suru station eki swimsuit mizuigi thank you arigatoh statue dohzoh swimming pool thank you very much steal nusumu suimingu pu-ru arigatoh gozaimasu it’s been stolen swim trunks that: that bus ano basu nusumare-mashita suiei-pantsu what’s that? steamed (food) mushita switch suicchi a-re wa nan desuka steps kaidan syringe chu-sha ki I think that … stereo: personal stereo syrup shiroppu …to omoimasu uohkman theater gekijyoh stockings sutokkingu T their: their room(s) stomach onaka karera no heya stomachache fukutsu table tehburu it’s theirs karera no stop (verb) tomaru tablet jyohzai (mono) desu (bus stop) basutei Taiwan Taiwan them: it’s them karera desu stop! tomare take noru it’s for them karera no store mise desu give it to them storm arashi I want to take the train karera ni agenasai stove (kitchen) renji densha ni noritai desu theme park tehma pahku straight ahead massugu can I take it with me? then sore kara/soshite strawberry ichigo/sutoroberih motte itte mo ih desuka there (near you) soko stream ogawa we’ll take it (over there) asoko street michi/dohro kore ni shimasu there is/are … take-out mochi-kaeri …ga/wa arimasu/imasu

156 DICTIONARY there isn’t/aren’t … tobacco tabako U …ga/wa arimasen/imasen today kyoh is there …? …ga/wa toe ashi no tsumasaki umbrella kasa arimasuka/imasuka tofu shop tofu ya uncle ojisan these: these things together issho ni under shita korera no mono/kore toilet to-ee-reh underwear shitagi these are mine toilet paper toiretto pehpah university daigaku korera wa watashi no tomato tomato until … …ma-de (mono) desu tomato juice tomato jyusu unusual mezurashih they karera tomorrow ashita up ue (upward) ue ma-de thick atsui tongue shita urgent kyu (na)/isogi no thief yatoh tonic tonikku thin usui; tonight konya it’s urgent kinkyu desu (person) yaseta too (also) mo us: it’s us watashi tachi desu thing (abstract) koto (concrete) mono (excessive) -sugiru it’s for us watashi tachi think omou/kangaeru tooth ha no desu I think so soh omoimasu toothache ha-ita give it to us watashi tachi I’ll think about it toothbrush haburashi ni kudasai kangaete mimasu toothpaste hamigaki use (noun) shiyoh (verb) third sanbamme torch kaichu dentoh tsukau it’s no use yakuni thirsty: I’m thirsty tour tsuah tachimasen/tsukae masen nodo ga kawaite imasu tourist ryokoh-sha useful yakuni tatsu/benri na thirteen jyu-san tourist information center usual itsumo no thirty san-jyu usually itsumo this: this bus kono basu kankoh an-naijyo what’s this? kore wa towel taoru V nan desuka tower tawah/toh this is Mr. … town machi vacancy (room) akibeya kochira wa…-san desu town hall shiyakusho vacation yasumi those: those things toy omocha vacuum cleaner sohjiki sorera no mono/sore track suit undoh-gi vacuum flask mahohbin those are his sorera tractor torakutah valley tani wa kare no (mono) desu tradition dentoh valve ben thousand sen traffic kohtsuu vanilla banira ten thousand (ichi) man traffic jam kohtsuu-jyu-tai vanity box (ryokan) kyodai three san traffic lights shingoh vase kabin throat nodo trailer (for car) torehrah veal koushi no niku through: through Tokyo train densha vegetables yasai Tohkyoh keiyu translate honyaku suru vegetarian bejitarian thumb tack oshi pin transmission (for car) vehicle kuruma thunderstorm raiu very totemo Thursday mokuyoh bi toransumisshon ticket chiketto travel agency ryokoh very much totemo tie (noun) nekutai vest chokki/besuto (verb) musubu dairi den video games bideo gehmu time jikan tray obon/toreh video tape bideo tehpu what’s the time? traveling ryokoh view keshiki/nagame ima nanji desuka tree ki viewfinder fainda to be on time truck torakku villa bessoh yotei dohri trunk (car) toranku village mura timetable jikoku-hyoh try yatte miru/tamesu vinegar su tip (money) chippu Tuesday kayoh bi violin baiorin (end) saki tunnel tonneru visa biza tire taiya tweezers pinsetto visit (noun) hohmon tired tsukareta twelve jyu-ni I feel tired tsukare-mashita twenty ni-jyu (verb) hohmon suru tissues tisshu twin room tsuin ru-mu visitor hohmonsha to: to England Igirisu e two ni to the station eki e type taipu (tourist) ryokoh sha toast tohsuto vitamin bitaminzai what type of … do you vodka uokkah have? donna taipu no… voice koe desuka voicemail boisu mehru

ENGLISH TO JAPANESE 157 W whisky uisukih (sing. informal) kimi white shiro (plural formal) anata-gata wait matsu who? dare/donata (formal) (plural informal) kimitachi waiter uehtah whom: with whom? dare/ young wakai your: your shoe(s) waiter! sumimasen donata to (formal) anata no kutsu waiting room machiai shitsu why? naze/dohshite (informal) kimi no kutsu waitress uehtoresu wide hiroi yours: is this yours? Wales Uehruzu wife okusan (formal) kore wa anata walk (noun: stroll) sanpo no desuka my wife tsuma (informal) kore, kimi no (verb) sanpo suru/aruku wind kaze youth hostel yu-su hosuteru to go for a walk sanpo window mado ni iku windshield furonto garasu Z wall kabe wine wain/budohshu wallet saifu wine list wain risuto zen zen war sensoh wing tsubasa/hane zen Buddhism zenshu ward byohtoh winter fuyu zen garden zendera no niwa wardrobe yohfuku-dansu with (together with) zipper chakku/zippah warm atatakai zoo dohbutsuen was: I was …to issho ni watashi wa…deshita I’ll go with you he was kare wa…deshita a nata to issho ni ikimasu she was kanojo wa…deshita (using) …de it was sore wa…deshita with a pen pen de washing machine sentaku ki with sugar satoh iri wasp suzume-bachi without …nashi (de) watch (wristwatch) udedokei without sugar (verb) miru satoh nashide water mizu witness (person) waterfall taki shoh nin wave (noun) nami woman onna; jyoseh (verb) te o furu women (bathroom) fujin we watashi tachi to-ee-reh weather tenki wood mori/zaimoku website Web saito wool yohmoh wedding kekkonshiki word kotoba Wednesday suiyoh bi work (noun) shigoto week shu (verb) hataraku welcome! yohkoso it doesn’t work well: I don’t feel well ugokimasen chohshi ga warui desu worse motto warui Welsh Uehruzu (no) worst saiaku (na) were: we were wrapping paper watashi tachi wa…deshita tsutsumi-gami/hohsohshi you were anata wa… wrench spana deshita (sing. informal) wrist tekubi kimi wa…deshita write kaku they were writing paper binsen karera wa…deshita wrong: it is wrong west nishi machigatte imasu the West seiyoh Western-style yohfuu X, Y Westerner seiyoh jin wet nureta x-ray rentogen what? nani/nandesuka year nen wheel (of vehicle) sharin yellow ki iro (steering) handoru yen yen wheelchair kurumaisu yes hai when? itsu yesterday kinoh where? doko yet moh which? (of two) dochira (of more than two) dore not yet mada yogurt yohguruto you (sing. formal) anata

158 HIR AGANA /K ATAK ANA TABLES HIRAGANA/KATAKANA TABLES Japanese is written in three different script systems: kanji, hiragana, and katakana (see p.14). Kanji are Chinese pictograms that need to be learned individually, but hiragana and katakana are “syllabaries,” with each character representing a separate syllable. The full syllabaries are given here to help you work out the characters in a particular word. With time, you will become more familiar with the most common characters. Hiragana あa か ka さ sa た ta な na いi き ki し shi ち chi に ni うu くku す su つ tsu ぬ nu えe け ke せ se て te ね ne おo こ ko そ so と to の no は ha ま ma や ya ら ra わ wa ひ hi み mi ゆ yu りri ふ fu む mu よ yo る ru を wo へ he め me れ re んn ほ ho も mo ろ ro

HIR AGANA /K ATAK ANA TABLES 159 Katakana アa カ ka サ sa タ ta ナ na イi キ ki シ shi チ chi ニ ni ウu ク ku ス su ツ tsu ヌ nu エe ケ ke セ se テ te ネ ne オo コ ko ソ so ト to ノno ハ ha マ ma ヤ ya ラra ワ wa ヒ hi ミ mi ユ yu リri フfu ム mu ヨ yo ル ru ヲ wo ヘ he メme レ re ンn ホ ho モ mo ロ ro There are two signs (\" and º) that are used to add additional sounds to the characters in the syllabaries. For example, the character ヒ hi can become ピ pi, て te can become で de, and ほ ho can become ぽ po. In addition, a long dash (—) is used to lengthen katakana syllables. For example, the katakana character テ te is lengthened to テー teh by adding this dash, used in a word such as テーブル tehburu (table); and the character ピ pi is lengthened to ピー pih, used in a word such as コピー kopih (photocopy).

160 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Acknowledgments The publisher would like to thank the following for their help in the preparation of this book. In Japan: Hajime Fukase, Keihin Kyuko Bus Co., Ltd, Takao Abe, Seitoku Kinen Kaigakan, Koei drug, Ichinoyu group, East Japan Railway Company (JR), East Japan Marketing & Communications, Inc. (JR Higashi Nihon Kikaku), Kenichi Miyokawa, Naoki Ogawa, Yumiko Nagahari. In the UK: Capel Manor College, Toyota (GB), Magnet Kitchens Kentish Town, Canary Wharf plc, St. Giles College, Yo! Sushi. Language content for Dorling Kindersley by g-and-w publishing Managed by Jane Wightwick Picture research: Hugh Schermuly, Hajime Fukase Picture credits Key: t = top; b = bottom; l = left, r = right; c = center; A = above; B = below p2/3 DK Images: br; p4/5 Laura Knox: cl; p14/15 DK Images: Paul Bricknell cAl; Ingram Image Library: cbl, cAr; p16/17 Ingram Image Library: ctr; p18/19 DK Images: David Murray tr; p24/25 Takehisa Yano: cbl, Ingram Image Library: tcr; p28/29 DK Images: John Bulmer tcr; Dave King cr; Ingram Image Library: bcr; p30/31 Alamy RF: Comstock Images bcl; DK Images: cl; p34/35 iStockphoto.com: Nicolas cra; p36/37 DK Images: cbr; Dreamstime.com: Slobodan Mraˇcina ca; iStockphoto.com: Nicolas c; p38/39 Takehisa Yano: bl-r, tcr, cr; p40/41 Takehisa Yano: bl, tcr, cAr, cr, cBr, cbA, bcr bcrA; p42/43 Takehisa Yano: bl-r, c, cr, crB; p44/45 Courtesy of Toyota (GB): c; p46/47 Toyota (GB): ctr; Ingram Image Library: cAr; Takehisa Yano: cr, cl, cAl; p48/49 Takehisa Yano: c, bl, cr; p50/51 Takehisa Yano: tcr; Alamy: Peter Titmuss cr; p52/53 Getty: Stone: Kiriko Shirobayashi cl, Alamy RF: Image Farm Inc cAr; Takehisa Yano: bl-r, cr, cBr; p54/55 Alamy: Frank Herholdt bcl; Jackson Smith cBl; Alamy RF: BananaStock cl; John Foxx c; ThinkStock tcr; DK Images: Andy Crawford bclA; p56/57 Takehisa Yano: cl, cAl; Toyota (GB): bl, cBr; p58/59 Alamy RF: Brand X Pictures cBl; Image Source cAAl; DK Images: John Heseltine cr; p60/61 123RF.com: Shutswis c; Alamy RF: Image Source cAr; DK Images: Steve Gorton cAAr; Pia Tryde cAr; p62/63 DK Images: Russell Sadur cBr, Jo Foord cr; Takehisa Yano: bl-r, c; Alamy RF: Goodshoot cAr; p64/65 Alamy: Arcaid bcrA; Alamy RF: Diana Ninov cAr; Ingram Image Library: tcr; p66/67 Alamy: Arcaid cll; Ingram Image Library: bcr; Alamy RF: Image Source cr; Takehisa Yano: bl; p68/69 Takehisa Yano: clAl, clAr, cll, clBl, clBr, ctr, cAr cBr, cbr; p70/71 123RF.com: Sergey Skripnikov c, cr; Dreamstime.com: Bombaert c/mouse; Lwi1977 c/flashdrive; Milotus / Magic Mouse is a trademark of Apple Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries cr/ mouse; p72/73 Alamy RF: Image Source cAr; Comstock Images tcr; p74/75 Alamy RF: Doug Norman bl; p76/77 123RF.com: Sergey Skripnikov ca, ca/laptop; Dreamstime.com: Bombaert cla; Milotus / Magic Mouse is a trademark of Apple Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries ca/mouse; Lwi1977 c; Takehisa Yano: bcl, bcll, bclll, bcAl, bcAll, cbr; p80/81 Getty: Taxi / Rob Melnychuk bc; Ingram Image Library: cAr; Xerox UK Ltd: tcr; p82/83 Alamy: wildphotos.com tcr; Alamy RF: Momentum Creative Group cAl; Ingram Image Library: cl; p84/85 Alamy: Brand X Pictures cr; Alamy RF: SuperStock tr; Ingram Image Library: crB; p86/87 Getty: Taxi / Rob Melnychuk tc; p90/91 DK Images: cl; David Jordan cAr; Stephen Oliver cr; Ingram Image Library: cBr; p92/93 Ingram Image Library: cl; Alamy RF: Pixland cr; DK Images: Guy Ryecart tr; p94/95 Alamy RF: ImageState Royalty Free bcr; DK Images: tcr; p96/97 DK Images: ctl; p98/99 Getty Images: Daisuke Morita c; Alamy: Ian Lambot bl; p102/103 Garden Picture Library: Marie O’Hara b; DK Images: tcr; James Young cAAr; p104/105 DK Images: Bob Langrish cl(6); Jane Burton bcl; Geoff Dann cl(2); Max Gibbs cl(4); Frank Greenaway cl(3); Tracy Morgan c(5); p106/107 Getty Images: Daisuke Morita cr; p110/111 Alamy RF: Stockbyte cl; p112/113 Ingram Image Library: bl; p116/117 Takehisa Yano: bcl, bc, bcr; p118/119 Alamy RF: Pixland tcr; Corbis: Michael S. Yamashita c; p120/121 Alamy: ImageState / Pictor International cl; DK Images: bcl; p122/123 DK Images: Judith Miller / Sparkle Moore at The Girl Can’t Help It cl; p124/125 DK Images: Bob Langrish cl(6); Jane Burton bcl; Geoff Dann cl(2); Max Gibbs cl(4); Frank Greenaway cl(3); Tracy Morgan c(5); DK Images: Clive Streeter tl; Alamy: ImageState / Pictor International cl; DK Images: bcl; p126/127 123RF.com: Sergey Skripnikov tr, ca; Dreamstime.com: Bombaert c; Lwi1977 c/flash; Milotus / Magic Mouse is a trademark of Apple Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries cra; Takehisa Yano: cl, cll, clll; Alamy RF: Image Farm Inc bl; p128 DK Images: Clive Streeter tl. All other studio and location images: Mike Good