Bio Ch1 - Final-The Living World

The Living World S.No Question Answer 1. 1. Which of the following are unique features of living organisms? 1. (d) All living organisms share certain unified and basic (a) Growth and reproduction characteristics (including energy utilization, regulation or (b) Reproduction and ability to sense environment homeostasis, growth, development, reproduction, (c) Metabolism and interaction adaptation) metabolism and interaction. (d) All of the above 2. 2. Cell division occurs _______ in plants and _______ in animals. 2. (a) All cells arise from pre-existing cells by a process of (a) continuously, only upto a certain age cell division. Cell division is the phenomenon of (b) only upto a certain age, continuously production of daughter cell from parent cell. It occurs (c) continuously, never continuously in plants and only up to a certain age in (d) once, twice animals. The continuous growth in plants termed “unique”, while in animals, cells divide up to a certain stage. 3. 3. In unicellular organisms, with respect to growth and reproduction 3. (c) In unicellular organisms, both Growth and following can be true. Reproduction are inclusive events as unicellular 1. Growth and Reproduction are inclusive events. organisms simply grow by cell division, in which their 2. Unicellular organisms grow by cell division. population size also increases. Both the features are 3. Both are exclusive exclusive in higher organisms. (a) Only 1 correct (b) Only 2 correct (c) Both 1 and 2 correct (d) Only 3 correct 4. 4. In majority of higher animals and plants, _____ and _____ are 4. (c) Growth and reproduction are mutually exclusive mutually exclusive events. events in majority of the higher animals and plants. (a) growth; nutrition Growth may be defined as a positive change in size, often (b) nutrition; consciousness over a period of time. Reproduction leads to production (c) growth; reproduction of progenies, possesing features more or less similar to (d) reproduction; consciousness those of parents. 5. 5. Non-living objects- 5. (a) Non-living objects have characteristic growth called 1. Grows from external surface by collecting substance on it. extrinsic growth in which object grows after 2. Grows from internal surface like living. accumulating substance over its surface. Living organisms 3. Do not grow at all. show intrinsic growth (i.e., grows from inside). Which of the followings option is correct? (a) Only 1 correct (b) Only 2 correct (c) Only 3 correct (d) All 1, 2, 3 correct 6. 6. In multi-cellular organisms, _____ refers to the production 6. (b) Reproduction ensures the continuity of the species, of progeny possessing features more or less similar to those of generation after generation. Genetic variations are parents. created and inherited during reproduction. “Like begets (a) growth (b) reproduction like” is the phrase to explain the similarity between (c) metabolism (d) consciousness parents and offsprings. 7. 7. The fungi, the filamentous algae, the protonema of mosses, all 7. (d) Fragmentation is a sexual mode of reproduction in which an organism is split into fragments. Each of these easily multiply by _____. fragments develops into mature, fully grown individuals that are clones of the original organism. The fungi, the (a) budding (b) fission filamentous algae and the protonema of mosses all easily multiply by fragmentation. (c) regeneration (d) fragmentation 8. 8. Which of the following factors exclusively affects reproduction in 8. (c) Photoperiodism is the physiological reaction of seasonal breeders, both plants and animals? organisms to the length of day or night. It occurs in plants (a) Water (b) Temperature and animals. It can also be defined as the developmental (c) Photoperiod (d) All of these responses of plants to the relative lengths of light and dark periods. Photoperiod exclusively affects the reproduction in seasonal breeders, both plants and animals. 9. 9. The sum total of all the chemical reactions occurring in 9. (a) Catabolism – breakdown of substances eg.,

our body is known as (b) growth Respiration (a) metabolism (d) reproduction Anabolism – Formation of substances. eg., (c) regeneration Photosynthesis. Catabolism + Anabolism = Metabolism. 10. 10. Which of the following term is used to refer the number of These are defining features of all life forms. Simultaneous Catabolism and Anabolism called as varieties of plants and animals on earth? Amphibolism. 10. (c) The term biodiversity is used for the variety and (a) Taxonomy (b) Identification variability among all forms of living organisms like plants, animals, and micro-organisms present in a given region (c) Biodiversity (d) Classification under natural conditions. Biodiversity can be defined as the totality of genes, species and ecosystem of a region. 11. 11. ICBN stands for India is very rich in biodiversity. 11. (a) ICBN (International Code of Botanical (a) International Code of Botanical Nomenclature Nomenclature) is one of the code of nomenclature which is independent of zoological and bacteriological (b) International Congress of Biological Names nomenclature. The foundations of ICBN were found in Philosophia Botanica, a book written by C. Linnaeus. (c) Indian Code of Botanical Nomenclature 12. (b) Binomial nomenclature means that the scientific name of any organism consist of a generic epithet and a (d) Indian Congress of Biological Names specific epithet. Binomial nomenclature was developed by Linnaeus. 12. 12. Binomial nomenclature means 13. (c) In printed scientific names, only the genus is (a) one name given by two scientists. capitalized. Genus is an assembly of related species which evolved from a common ancestor and have certain (b) one scientific name consisting of a generic and specific epithet. common characters. Eg, Solanum tuberosum and Solanum melongena are two species which belongs to the (c) two names, one latinized, other of a person. same genus of Solanum. 14. (d) Taxonomic hierarchy is the sequence of (d) two names of same plant. arrangements of taxonomic categories in a descending order during the classification of organisms. Each 13. 13. In printed scientific names, only the ______ is capitalized. category of taxonomic hierarchy refers to as a unit of classification. (a) class (b) species 15. (c) Systematics, often used interchangeably with taxonomy, is the study of diversity of organisms, their (c) genus (d) family comparative and evolutionary relationships on the basis of findings from various fields of biology. 14. 14. Each category of taxonomic hierarchy refers to as a unit 16. (d) Taxon (Plural: taxa) is a grouping of organisms of of ______. any level in hierarchial classification which is based on some common characteristics. It represents real (a) systematic (b) identification biological objects placed in any category while category itself is an abstract term. (c) nomenclature (d) classification 17. (d) Biological classification is the scientific arrangement of organisms in a hierarchial series of 15. 15. Systematics refers to the groups and subgroups on the basis of similarities and (a) identification and classification of plants and animals. differences in their traits. It helps in building evolutionary (b) nomenclature and identification of plants and animals. pathways and in identifying new organisms. (c) diversity of kinds of organisms and their relationship. (d) different kinds of organisms and their classification. 18. (d) The characteristics of life include: responsiveness to the environment; growth and change; ability to 16. 16. Taxon is a reproduce; have a metabolism and breathe; maintain (a) unit of classification. homeostasis; being made of cells; passing traits onto (b) species. offspring. Differentiation from cells to tissues is not a (c) highest rank of classification. characteristic of life. (d) group of closely related organisms. 17. 17. The practical purpose of classification of living organisms is to (a) explain the origin of living organsims. (b) trace the evolution of living organsims. (c) name the living organisms. (d) facilitate identification of unknown organisms. 18. 18. Which of the following is not a characteristic of life? (a) Reproduction (b) Complex chemical organization (c) Adaptation to environmental changes (d) Differentiation from cells to tissues

19. 19. Families are characterized on which of the following features of 19. (c) A family is a subdivision of an order consisting of a plant species? group of related genera which in turn are composed of (a) External morphology groups of related species. Families are characterized on (b) Anatomy of parts the basis of vegetative and reproductive parts of the (c) Vegetative and reproductive parts plants species. Suffix added in families of both plants and (d) Seasonal similarities and variations animals may be –aceae or –ae. 20. 20. The order generally ends with only in plants 20. (a) The order generally ends with ales. Order being a higher category is the assemblage of families which (a) ales (b) aceae exhibit a few similar characters. 21. (b) Manuals contain information for the identification (c) eae (d) none of these of names of species found in an area. They also provide information about keys, description of family, genus and 21. 21. Which of the following taxonomic aid provides information for species. 22. (d) Taxonomic keys are aids for rapid identification of the identification of names of species found in an area? unknown plants. Flora is an inventory of the plants of a defined geographical region. Herbarium is a safe place for (a) Monograph (b) Manual storing specimens as well as provide suitable atmosphere for research. Monograph is a comprehensive taxonomy (c) Flora (d) Periodical treatment of a taxonomic group, generally a genus or a family, providing all taxnomic data relating to the group. 22. 22. Which one of the taxonomic aids can give comprehensive 23. (b) Key is a taxonomical aid used for identification of plants and animals based on the similarities and account of complete compiled information of any one genus or dissimilarities. The keys are based on set of contrasting characters, generally in a pair called couplet. Each family at a particular time? character of a couplet called lead. Keys are generally analytical in nature. (a) Taxonomic key (b) Flora 24. (c) Herbarium is the store house of dead, dried, pressed and preserved plant specimens on paper sheets, (c) Herbarium (d) Monograph called herbarium sheets. The sheets, along with description of plant specimen, are arranged according to 23. 23. Which one of the following taxonomical aid is used for standard system of classification, and are stored for future use. All sheets carry labels having information identification of plants and animals based on similarities and about date and place of collection, English, local and botanical names, family and collector’s name etc. The dissimilarities? herbarium sheets can be used as a quick reference for taxonomic studies. (a) Flora (b) Keys 25. (a) The famous botanical garden 'Kew' is located in England. Royal Botanic Garden, Kew is a ondepartmental (c) Monographs (d) Catalogues public body in the United Kingdom sponsored by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs. It is 24. 24. Herbarium is a an internationally important botanical research and (a) garden where medicinal plants are grown. education institution, it employs 750 staff. (b) garden where herbaceous plants are grown. 26. (c) Key is a type of taxonomical aid used for the (c) dry garden. identification of plants and animals based on their (d) chemical to kill plants. similarities and dissimilarities. Keys are generally analytical in nature. 25. 25. The famous botanical garden ‘Kew’ is located in 27. (a) Each statement in the key is called a lead. Catalogue is a list or record, systematically arranged and (a) England (b) Lucknow often including descriptive material. 28. (b) The keys are based on contrasting characters (c) Berlin (d) Australia generally in a pair called couplet. Key is an important taxonomic aid used for identification of plants. Each 26. 26. Keys are generally _______ in nature. character of the couplet or statement in the key is called as “lead”. Keys are generally analytical in nature. There (a) physical (b) chemical are separate taxonomic keys specific for each taxonomic category such as Family, Genus, etc. (c) analytical (d) qualitative 27. 27. Each statement in the key is called _______. (a) lead (b) catalogues (c) manuals (d) monographs 28. 28. The keys are based on contrasting characters generally in a pair called _______. (a) flora (b) couplet (c) both (a) and (b) (d) manuals STATEMENT TYPE QUESTIONS

29. 29. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct? 29. (c) Growth is the act or process, or a manner of (a) Only living organisms grow. growing; development; gradual increase. It is an exclusive (b) Plants grow only up to a certain age. event in majority of the higher animals and plants. In (c) The growth in living organisms is from inside. plants, growth occurs continuously throughout their life (d) All of the above. span and in animal, growth is seen only up to a certain age. In living organisms, growth is from inside. Therefore, it cannot be taken as a defining property of living organisms. 30. 30. Growth in living organisms occurs by 30. (d) Accumulation of material by external agency (a) division of cells. cause extrinsic growth which cannot be the feature of (b) increase in biomass. living organism. (c) accumulation of material by external agency. (d) both (a) and (b). 31. 31. Which one of the following is not a correct statement? 31. (b) Biological museums have the collection of (a) Botanical gardens have collection of living plants for reference. preserved animals and plants specimens for study and (b) A museum has collection of photographs of plants and animals. references. Biological museums are generally set up in (c) Key is a taxonomic aid for identification of specimens. educational institutes, i.e. schools and colleges. The (d) Herbarium is a store house that contains dried, pressed and specimens may be preserved dry or in preservative preserved plant specimens. solution in jars or containers. The insects are preserved in insect boxes after collecting, killing and pinning. The larger animals, like mammals and birds are stuffed and are chemically treated for long term preservation. Museums also have collection of animal skeletons. 32. 32. Which two points are known as the twin characteristics of 32. (d) Increase in mass and increase in number of growth? individuals are twin characteristics of growth. Growth is (i) Increase in mass defined as increase in size and mass during the (ii) Differentiation development of an organism over a period of time. It is (iii) Increase in number of individuals measured as an increase in biomass and is associated (iv) Response to stimuli with cell division by mitosis, subsequent increases in cell size, and with the differentiation of cells to perform (a) (i) and (ii) (b) (i) and (iv) particular functions. (c) (ii) and (iii) (d) (i) and (iii) 33. 33. Which of the following statements regarding nomenclature is 33. (d) All the statements regarding nomenclature are correct? correct. Nomenclature is giving distinct scientific names (a) Generic name always begins with capital letter whereas specific to various structures including living organisms for their name with small letter. identification. It is a set of rules used for forming the (b) Scientific name should be printed in italics. names or terms in a particular field of arts or sciences. (c) Scientific name when typed or handwritten should be underlined. Nomenclature is only possible when the organism is (d) All of the above described correctly and we know to what organisms the name is attached to (called identification). 34. 34. Which of the following statements are correct about herbarium? 34. (d) Herbarium is a collection of plant parts that (a) It is a store house of collected plant specimens that are dried and usually have been dried, pressed, preserved on sheets. preserved on sheets. The herbarium sheets also carry a label that provides (b) Herbarium sheets contain information about date and place of information about date and place of collection. collection, names, family, collector’s name, etc. Herbarium serves the quick referral systems for (c) It serves as quick referral systems in taxonomical studies. taxonomical studies. It can also termed as Dry Garden. (d) All of the above 35. 35. Which of the following statements regarding growth is 35. (a) In plants, growth by cell division occurs incorrect? continuously throughout their life span. This continuos (a) In plants, growth by cell division is seen only upto a certain stage. growth in plant is axial (i.e., takes place on two axes) and (b) Growth exhibited by non-living objects is by accumulation of unique. Plant growth consists of primary and secondary material on the surface. growth, on the basis of time when it occurs. (c) A multicellular organism grows by cell division. (d) Growth in in vitro culture of unicellular organisms can be observed by counting the number of cells. 36. 36. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct for 36. (b) Metabolism is defined as the sum total of all the Metabolism? chemical reactions occurring in our body. All plants,

(a) It is the sum total of all physical reactions taking place inside a animals, fungi and microbes exhibit metabolism. Isolated living system. metabolic reactions in vitro are not living things but are (b) All plants, animals, fungi and microbes exhibit metabolism. nonliving reactions. (c) Isolated metabolic reactions in-vitro are not living but are living reactions. (d) All of the above 37. 37. Which one of the following statements is correct about 37. (d) Biodiversity is the term used to describe the biodiversity? variety of life found on Earth and all of the natural (a) It is the occurrence of varied type of organisms on earth. processes. This includes ecosystem, genetic and cultural (b) Each different kind of plant, animal or organism represents a diversity, and the connections between these and all species. species. The different aspects of biodiversity all have a (c) The number of species that are known and described range very strong influence on each other. between 1.7–1.8 million. (d) All of the above 38. 38. Which of the following statements are not correct? 38. (d) Order being higher category is the assemblage of (i) Lower the taxon, more are the characteristics that the members families which exhibit a few similar characteristic. Dog within the taxon share. (Canis familaris) and Cat (Felis domesticus) belong to two (ii) Order is the assemblage of genera which exhibit a few similar different families—Cancideae and Felidae respectively. characters. (iii) Cat and dog are included in the same family Felidae. (iv) Binomial nomenclature was introduced by Carolus Linnaeus. (a) (i), (ii) and (iii) (b) (ii), (iii) and (iv) (c) (i) and (iv) (d) (ii) and (iii) 39. 39. Which of the following statements are correct? 39. (c) The term ‘taxon’ is used to refer to any rank or (i) Genus comprises a group of related species. level or category of the classification. Based on certain (ii) Taxon represents a taxonomic group of individual organisms. observable characteristics like insects represent a group (iii) Family comprises a group of related genera. of organisms which share some common features like (iv) Taxonomic category class includes related orders. three pairs of jointed legs hence insects can be easily recognized and classified. (a) (i), (ii), and (iv) (b) (ii) and (iv) (c) (i), (iii) and (iv) (d) (ii), (iii) and (iv) 40. 40. Which of the following statement(s) is/are not correct? 40. (b) Reproduction refers to the production of progeny (i) Reproduction is the production of progeny possessing features possessing features more or less similar to those of dissimilar to their parents. parents. The fungi, the filamentous algae, the protonema (ii) The fungi, the filamentous algae, the protonema of mosses, all of mosses, all easily multiply by fragmentation. multiply by budding. (iii) Many organisms like mules, sterile worker bees do not reproduce. (iv) Reproduction is not an all-inclusive defining characteristic of living organisms. (a) Only (i) (b) Both (i) and (ii) (c) Both (ii) and (iv) (d) All of these 41. 41. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct? 41. (d) All the given statements are correct. All living (i) All living organisms have ability to respond the environment organisms have the ability to respond the environment stimuli which could be physical, chemical or biological. stimuli which could be physical, chemical or biological. (ii) Plants respond to external factors like light, water, temperature, Plant responds to external factors like light, water, other organisms, pollutants, etc. temperature etc. Photoperiod is defined as the (iii) Photoperiod affects the process of reproduction. developmental responses of plants to the relative lengths (iv) Human being is the only organism who has self consciousness. of light and dark periods. It exclusively affects the (a) Only (i) (b) Both (ii) and (iii) reproduction in seasonal breeders, both plants and (c) Both (i) and (iv) (d) All of these animals. Human being is the only organism who has self - consciousness. 42. 42. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct? 42. (b) Nomenclature is the providing of standardize (i) Classification is the providing of standardize names to the names to the organisms such that a particular organism

organisms such that a particular organism known by the same all known by the same name all over the world. over the world. Identification is the correct descripton of an organism (ii) Taxonomy is the correct description of an organism and to and its recognition in its scientific name. The branch of recognition in its scientific name. science which deals with the study of principle and (iii) The system of naming with two components (binomial procedure of classification known as taxonomy. It is of nomenclature) is proposed by Carolus Linneaus. two types. (iv) Zoological names are based on International Code for Zoological (i) Classical taxonomy – Based on observable Nomenclature (ICZN). morphological characters. (a) Only (i) (b) Both (iii) and (iv) (ii) Modern taxonomy – Based on external and internal (c) Only (iv) (d) All of these features of organisms.s 43. 43. Which of the following taxonomic categories is being described 43. (a) All the given descriptions are related to taxonomic by the given statements (i-iii)? category called species. Species, the lowest category in (i) It is the basic unit of classification. the taxonomic hierarchy, is the basic unit of taxonomy. It (ii) It is defined as the group of individuals which resemble in their is the group of individual organisms with fundamental morphological and reproductive characters and interbreed among similarities. themselves and produce fertile offsprings. (iii) Human beings belong to the species sapiens which is grouped in the genus Homo. (a) Species (b) Genus (c) Order (d) Family 44. 44. Which of the following statement(s) is/are not correct? 44. (c) Three different genera such as Solanum, Datura (i) Genus comprises a group of related species which has more and Petunia are placed in the family solanaceae. In case characters in common in comparison to species of other genera. of plants, classes with a few similar characters are (ii) Three different genera such as Solanum, Datura and Petunia are assigned to a higher category called division. Phylum is placed in the family malvaceae. used in case of animals. (iii) In case of plants, classes with a few similar characters are assigned to a higher category called phylum. (a) Both (i) and (ii) (b) Only (iii) (c) Both (ii) and (iii) (d) All of these 45. 45. Which of the following taxonomical aids is being described 45. (b) All the given descriptions are related to museum. by the given statements (i-iv)? Museum is one of the taxonomic aids which may be (i) They generally established in educational institutes. defined as a place where large collection of specimens of (ii) They have collections of preserved plant and animal specimens plants and animals are preserved for its further study and for study and reference. references. Museums are generally set up in educational (iii) Insects are preserved in boxes after collecting, killing and institutes such as schools and colleges. Museums often pinning. have collections of skeletons of animals too. (iv) They often have collections of skeletons of animals too. (a) Herbarium (b) Museum (c) Zoological parks (d) Botanical gardens 46. 46. Which of the following statements regarding growth is 46. (c) Growth may be defined as a positive change in incorrect? size, often over a period of time. It can occur as a stage of (a) In animals growth is seen up to a certain age. maturation or a process toward fullness or fulfillment. (b) Increase in body mass is considered as growth. Growth by cell division occurs continuously throughout (c) Growth by cell division occurs continuously throughout their life their life span in plants. span in animals. (d) Increase in mass and number of individuals is the characteristics feature of animal growth. 47. 47. Select the correct statements (i-v) regarding taxonomic 47. (a) Taxonomic studies of all known organisms have categories. led to the development of common categories like (i) Each step or rank in hierarchy is called taxonomic category. kingdom, phylum or division, class, order, family, genus (ii) Species is a group of individual organisms with fundamental and species. Higher the category, greater is the difficulty similarities capable of breeding among themselves. of determining the relationship to other taxa at the same (iii) Taxonomic studies of all unknown organisms have led to the level. development of common categories like kingdom, phylum or division, class, order, family, genus and species. (iv) Lower the category, greater is the difficulty of determining the relationship to other taxa at the same level.

(a) (i) & (ii) only (b) (ii) & (iv) only (c) (i), (ii) & (iii) only (d) All of the above 48. 48. Which of the following statements is incorrect? 48. (b) Genus comprises a group of related species which (a) The scientific name for humans is Homo sapiens. has more characters in common in comparison to species (b) Organisms placed in the same genus are least closely related. of other genera. Organisms placed in the same genus are (c) Moving from species to kingdom, more different species are most closely related. included in each higher category. (d) Species that are in the same genus share very specific characteristics. 49. 49. Study the following statements and select the correct 49. (a) Statement (i) and (ii) are correct regarding description of botanical garden. botanical garden. A botanical garden (or botanic garden) (i) Plant species are grown for identification purposes. is a garden dedicated to the collection, cultivation and (ii) Labeling of each plant consists of its botanical name/ scientific display of a wide range of plants labeled with their name and its family. botanical names. Botanic garden holds the documented (iii) Specimens are preserved in the jars and containers. collections of living plants for the purposes of scientific (iv) It is a type of store house which contains dried, pressed and research, conservation, display and education. preserved plant specimens on sheet. Statement (iii), (iv) and (v) are related to herbarium. (v) Plant specimen contains a labeling of information about date and place of collection. (a) (i) and (ii) only (b) (i), (ii) and (iii) only (c) (ii) and (iv) only (d) All the five statements. 50. 50. Which of the following is the correct sequence of the various 50. (a) Herbarium is a storehouse of collected plant steps of Herbarium formation? specimens that are dried, pressed and preserved on (1) Drying (2) Poisoning (3) Collection (4) Labelling (5) Mounting (6) paper sheets. Deposition (7) Stitching (a) 3, 1, 2, 5, 7, 4, 6 (b) 3, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 1 Herbarium sheet is (c) 3, 1, 2, 5, 7, 6, 4 (d) 3, 1, 2, 7, 5, 6, 4 It serves two primary functions– (1) Accurate identification (2) Alpha taxonomic research. (based on gross morphology) 51. 51. Which of the following pair is correctly matched? 51. (c) Fungi shows Fragmentation, budding, etc but not (i) Fungi – Regeneration regeneration while Planaria truely regenerate during its (ii) Mossess – Fragmentation life cycle. Mossess shows fragmentation for propagation (iii) Planaria – Budding of their progenies. Thallus tip, protonema fragments and (a) (i) and (ii) (b) Both (i) and (iii) even rhizoids can grow into new moss thallus. (c) only (ii) (d) only (iii) 52. 52. Dicotyledons like mango, brinjal and monocotyledons like Wheat 52. (b) Division is a category higher than that of class. and Rice are placed under a taxonomic category known as Term phylum is used for animals while division is used for (a) Phylum – Angiospermae plants. Classes with few similar characteristics are (b) Division – Angiospermae assigned to division. (c) Class – Angiospermae (d) Sereis – Polypetalae 53. 53. Amongst the given taxonomic aids, how many are associated 53. (c) Herbarium and Botanical Gardens only have with preservation of specimens? preserved specimens. Rest all taxonomic aids have living Monograph, Flora, Key, Museums, Botanical Gardens, Catalogue, organisms or their listed descriptions. Herbarium, Manual (a) One (b) Three (c) Two (d) Four 54. In the following questions, a statement of Assertion is followed by a 54. (a) A category is a rank or level in the hierarchial statement of Reason. classification of organisms. Taxon is a unit in classification (a) If both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is the which may represent any level of grouping of organisms correct explanation of the Assertion. based on certain common characteristics. There is some (b) If both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not the confusion in the use of taxon and category, for example correct explanation of the Assertion. Bryophyta is a taxon while division is a category. (c) If Assertion is true but Reason is false. (d) If both Assertion and Reason are false.

54. Assertion : Taxon and category are different things. Reason : Category shows hierarchical classification. 55. 55. Assertion : The species is reproductively isolated natural 55. (b) The species is genetically distinct and population. reproductively isolated natural population. Sexual Reason : Prokaryotes cannot be kept under different species on the reproduction is absent in prokaryotes and some protists. basis of reproductive isolation. In such cases morphological differences, cytotaxonomy and chemo-taxonomy are resorted too. 56. 56. Assertion: Information given on the label of herbarium sheets 56. (d) Herbarium sheet carry a label providing does not include family. information about date and place of collection, English Reason: Families are characterized on the basis of reproductive local and botanical names, family, collectors name etc. features of plant species only. Families are characterized on the basis of both vegetative and reproductive features of plant species. 57. 57. Assertion: Flora contains the actual account of habitat and 57. (b) Flora contains the actual account of habitat and distribution of plants of a given area. distribution of plants of a given area. It provides the index Reason : Flora helps in correct identification. to the plant species found in a particular area. 58. 58. Assertion : Panthera is a polytypic genera. 58. (a) Panthera is a polytypic Genus and it contain Reason : Panthera has specific epithets like leo, tigris and pardus. several species like Panthera leo, Panthera tigris and Panthera pardus. These species have several common features. Polytypic Genera have multiple species while monotypic genera have one species only. 59. 59. Assertion : Biological concept of species is based on 59. (c) Biological concept of species is based on reproductive isolation. reproductive isolation. The most accepted concept of Reason : Most accepted species concept was given by Linnaeus. species proposed by Ernst Mayr. It is called Biological concept of species. According to this concept, A species is (1) Closely related (2) Share common gene pool. (3) Interbreeding. – exception of this concept are – Mule, Hinny, Tigon, Liger 60. 60. Assertion : Botanical Gardens are ex-situ conservation strategy 60. (c) Botanical Gardens provide ex-situ conservation of plants. strategy as it reside large variety of plants collected from Reason : National botanical Garden is situated at Howrah. various places, To enhance study, Research and Recreation, Botanical gardens plays important role. National Botanical Garden present at Lucknow, while Indian botanical Garden situated at Howrah. 61. 61. Assertion : Scientific names for plants have been standardized 61. (c) International code for Botanical Nomenclature through ICBN. (ICBN). Standardize all scientific names for plants. Reason : Naming system which used three word format was given ICBN came into existance in 1961. The naming system by Linnaeus. uses three words (Trinomial system) was proposed by Lamarck. Trinominal system of nomenclature followed by Polynomial system of nomenclature. eg., Corvus splendens splendens (Indian crow), Gorilla gorilla gorilla (Gorilla) 62. 62. Assertion : Two plants A and B are treated as two taxonomic 62. (a) Species is a natural population of individuals which species. resemble one another in all essential morphological and Reason : Both A and B are different in correlated characters. reproductive characters so that they are able to interbreed freely in nature to produce fertile offspring. Two different taxonomic species essentially have different characteristics. 63. 63. Match the common name given in column I with their taxonomic 63. (b) A - IV; B - III; C - II; D - I category order given in column II and choose the correct combination from the options given below.

(a) A – I; B – II; C – IV; D – III (b) A – IV; B – III; C – II; D – I (c) A – II; B – IV; C – I; D – III (d) A – III; B – IV; C – II; D – I 64. 64. Match the common name given in column I with their taxonomic 64. (a) A - IV; B - III; C - II; D - I category family given in column II and choose the correct combination from the options given below. Column-I Column-II (Common Name) (Taxonomic category– Family) A. Man I. Poaceae B. Datura II. Anacardiaceae C. Mango III. Solanaceae D. Wheat IV. Hominidae (a) A – IV; B – III; C – II; D – I (b) A – IV; B – III; C – I; D – II (c) A – I; B – II; C – III; D – IV (d) A – I; B – III; C – II; D – IV 65. 65. Match column-I (Biological name) with column-II (Class) and 65. (c) A - II; B - IV; C - I; D - III choose the correct option. Column-I Column-II (Biological name) (Class) A. Homo sapiens I. Dicotyledonae B. Musca domestica II. Mammalia C. Mangifera indica III. Monocotyledonae D. Triticum aestivum IV. Insects (a) A – IV; B – II; C – I; D – III (b) A – II; B – IV; C – III; D – I (c) A – II; B – IV; C – I; D – III (d) A – II; B – I; C – IV; D – III 66. 66. Match column-I with column-II and choose the correct 66. (b) A - IV; B - III; C - I; D - II combination from the options given below. Column-I Column-II A. National Botanical I. Carolus Linneaus Research Institute B. Indian Botanical II. Taxon Garden C. Binomial III. Howrah (India) Nomenclature D. A unit of IV. Lucknow Classification (a) A – III; B – IV; C – I; D – II (b) A – IV; B – III; C – I; D – II (c) A – IV; B – III; C – II; D – I

(d) A – IV; B – I; C – III; D – II 67. 67. Match column I with column II and choose the correct option. 67. (b) A - V; B - IV; C - II; D - I; E - III Column-I Column-II A. Family I. tuberosum B. Kingdom II. Polymoniales C. Order III. Solanum D. Species IV. Plantae E. Genus V. Solanaceae (a) A – IV; B – III; C – V; D – II; E – I (b) A – V; B – IV; C – II; D – I; E – III (c) A – IV; B – V; C – II; D – I; E – III (d) A – V; B – III; C – II; D – I; E – IV 68. 68. Which one of the following animals is correctly matched with its 68. (a) Tiger and tigris both are from same genus with particular named taxonomic category? particular taxonomic category. (a) Tiger – Tigris, the species (b) Cuttle fish – Mollusca, a class (c) Humans – Primata, the family (d) Housefly – Musca, an order 69. 69. Which of the following taxonomic category of housefly 69. (c) Housefly, Musca domestica, is a fly of the order is incorrectly matched? Diptera. It is the most common of all domestic flies. (a) Genus – Musca Primate is a mammal of the order primata. (b) Family – Muscidae (c) Order – Primata (d) Class – Insecta 70. 70. Which of the following organisms is not correctly matched with 70. (c) Cats belongs to the family Felidae. its particular? (a) Human beings – Sapiens, species (b) Lion – Panthera, genus (c) Cats – Felidae, genus (d) Datura – Solanaceae, family 71. 71. In the given columns, column I contains the terms and column II 71. (c) A – III, B – I, C – IV, D – II. Growth may be defined contains its description. Select the correct match from the option as a positive change in size, often over a period of time. given below. Reproduction is the process by which living organisms produce young on of their own type. Metabolism is defined as the sum total of all the chemical reactions occurring in our body. Cellular organization refers to the components of a cell and how these individual parts are arranged within the cell. AB C D (a) I II III IV (b) III I II IV (c) III I IV II (d) II IV III I 72. 72. Match the taxonomic categories given in column I with their 72. (c) A – II, B – I, C – III, D – V, E – IV. Taxon is a taxonomic group of any rank. Species, the lowest feature given in column II. category in the taxonomic hierarchy, is the basic unit of taxonomy. It is the group of individual organisms with fundamental similarities. Division is similar to phylum and used in case of plants. Genus is a group of related species having more character in common with others species. Order is identified based on a number of similar characters.

AB C D E (a) V II IV III I (b) III I IV II V (c) II I III V IV (d) III II IV I V 73. 73. Select the correct taxonomic aids given in column I with their 73. (c) A – II, B – I, C – III, D – V, E – IV. feature given in columns II. AB C D E III (a) I II VIII V V VIII (b) III I IV II IV (c) II VII III V (d) II III VII I 74. 74. Select the correct Match. 74. (d) A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III AB C D (a) II III IV I (b) I IV II III (c) IV I III IV (d) IV I II III 75. 75. Consider following diagram and fill the following blank spaces/ 75. (b) There are 7 obligate hierarchial levels of axonomic categories. These started from species, which is the boxes. unit/basis of taxonomical studies. It constitutes the group of interbreeding organisms. This is natural unit of taxonomical group. Group of families with more or less similar characteristics called order. The upper most category in which Divisions/ Phylum present called Kingdom. It forms the uppermost category of hierarchal system in taxonomical studies.

(a) A-Strain, B-Order, C-Sub kingdom 76. (d) Species is the lowest category in basic taxonomic (b) A-species, B-order, C-kingdom hierarchy and has the maximum common (c) A-subspecies, B-Tribe, C-Domain characteristics with other species under the same genus. (d) A-species, B-Cohort, C-Subdivision The genus is an aggregate or a group of closely related 76. 76. Identify the correct sequence of taxonomic categories. species. Family is the group of closely related genera, and (a) Species ⃗ Genus ⃗Order ⃗Class ⃗Family ⃗ Phylum/ Division has less common characteristics than species or genus ⃗Kingdom rank. Order is a higher taxon and is the assemblage of (b) Species ⃗Genus ⃗Family ⃗Class ⃗Phylum/ Division ⃗Order families having similar characteristics. Class is a group of ⃗Kingdom related orders. (c) Species ⃗Genus ⃗Family ⃗Order ⃗Class ⃗ Phylum/ Division Phylum: The classes with similar features are grouped ⃗Kingdom into phylum in animals and division in plants. (d) Species ⃗Genus ⃗Family ⃗Order ⃗Class ⃗ Phylum/ Division The phyla are grouped into still broader categories, called ⃗Kingdom kingdom. 77. (b) Two plants can be conclusively said to belong to 77. 77. Two plants can be conclusively said to belong to the the same species if they can reproduce freely with each same species if they other and form seeds. The formed seed must be viable. (a) have same number of chromosomes. Two animals can be regarded as species when they can (b) can reproduce freely with each other and form seeds. interbreed each other and form fertile progency. (c) have more than 90 per cent similar genes. (d) look similar and possess identical secondary metabolites. 78. (c) Taxa is a plural form of taxon. Taxon is a grouping of organisms of any level in hierarchial classification 78. 78. ‘Taxa’ differs from ‘taxon’ due to being which is based on some common characteristics. It (a) a higher taxonomic category than taxon. represents real biological objects placed in any category (b) lower taxonomic category than taxon. while category itself is an abstract term. (c) the plural of taxon. (d) the singular of taxon. 79. 79. Taxonomic hierarchy refers to 79. (a) Taxonomical hierarchy (introduced by Linneaus) is (a) step-wise arrangement of all categories for classification of plants arrangement of various taxonomic levels in the and animals. descending order, starting from kingdom upto species. (b) a group of senior taxonomists who decide the nomenclature of The hierarchy indicates the various levels of kinship. The plants and animals. number of similar characters of categories decreases (c) a list of botanists or zoologists who have worked on taxonomy of from lowest rank to highest rank i.e., from species to a species or group. kingdom. Thre are 7 obligate categories which constitute (d) classification of a species based on fossil record. taxonomical hierarchy. In addition to these obligate categories there are some optional categories are as follows. e.g., Tribe, subclass, superclass, etc. 80. 80. Two animals which are the members of the same order must 80. (a) Class is a group of related orders. The lizards, birds also be the members of the same __________. and cattle belong to class reptilia, aves and mammals

(a) class (b) family respectively. (c) genus (d) species 81. 81. One of the most important functions of botanical gardens is that 81. (c) Ex-situ conservation means off-site conservation. It (a) they provide a beautiful area for recreation. is the process of protecting an endangered species of (b) one can observe tropical plants there. plant or animal by removing it from an unsafe or (c) they allow ex-situ conservation of germ plasm. threatened habitat and placing it or part of it under the (d) they provide the natural habitat for wildlife. care of man. Botanical garden is one of the method of ex- situ conservation. 82. 82. The disadvantage of using common names for species is that 82. (d) The disadvantage of using common name for (a) the names may change. species is that the names may change, one name does (b) one name does not apply universally. not apply universally, one species may have several (c) one species may have several common names and one common common names and one common name may be applied name may be applied to two species. to two species. (d) all of the above 83. 83. The most important feature of all living systems is to 83. (b) Replication of the genetic information causes (a) utilize oxygen to generate energy. transfer of genetic information from one generation to (b) replicate the genetic information. the next. It is very important feature of all living (c) produce gametes. organisms. (d) utilize solar energy for metabolic activities. 84. 84. The common characteristics between tomato and potato will be 84. (b) Families are characterized on the basis of both maximum at the level of their__________. vegetative and reproductive features of plant species. (a) genus (b) family Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and potato (Solanum (c) order (d) division tuberosum) belongs to the same family solanaceae. 85. 85. Which one of the following is the first step in taxonomy? 85. (c) Identification is determining the correct place in a (a) Naming (b) Description system of classification and finding out the correct name (c) Identification (d) Classification of the organism. It is carried out with the help of keys. It not only assigns the organism to a particular group, locate its correct name but also provide information if the organism is new to systematics and requires giving a new name. 86. 86. Which of the following is the only taxonomic categories that has 86. (b) Species is the lowest or basic taxonomic category a real existence? which consists of one or more natural populations of (a) Phylum (b) Species individuals that resemble one another more closely than (c) Genus (d) Kingdom individuals of other species, interbreed freely, have a distinct genetic set up and are reproductively isolated from others e.g., Panthera Leo (Lion), Mangifera indica (Mango), Solanum tuberosum (Potato). 87. 87. In angiosperm, characters of flowers are used in classification 87. (c) Classification is the process by which anything because grouped into convenient categories based on some easily (a) flowers are attractive. observable characters. In angiosperms characters of (b) flowers are large. flowers are used in classification because characters of (c) character of flowers are conserved. angiospermic flowers are preserved for its further studies (d) none of the above. and references. In any organism, reproductive character (i.e., Floral characters) are more stable and less susceptible to enviromental influence than vegetative characters. 88. 88. As we go from species to kingdom in a taxonomic 88. (a) All the members of a taxonomic category possess hierarchy, the number of common characteristics some similar characters which are different from those of (a) will decrease. others. The placement of individuals or organisms in (b) will increase. species, genus, family, order, class and phylum are (c) remain same. determined by their specific similar characters and (d) may increase or decrease. relationships. Maximum similarity occurs in species which is also the lowest category in the hierarchy of categories. Similarity of characters decreases with the ascent in hierarchy. 89. 89. Genus represents 89. (c) Genus is the first higher category above the level

(a) an individual plant or animal. of species. A genus may have one to several species. A (b) a collection of plants or animals. genus having a single species is called monotypic. (c) group of closely related species of plants or animals. Currently, the genus Homo is monotypic with a single (d) none of the above. species of Homo sapiens. A genus having two or more species is called polytypic. The genus Panthera is polytypic. Some species of this genus are P. leo (Lion), P. tigris (Tiger), P. onca (Jaguar) and P. pardus (Leopard). 90. 90. The taxonomic unit ‘phylum’ in the classification of animals is 90. (c) Phylum is a taxonomic category higher than class equivalent to which hierarchial level in classification of plants? and lower in rank to kingdom. The term phylum (coined (a) Class (b) Order by George Cuvier) is used for animals while the term (c) Division (d) Family division (coined by Eichler) is used for plants. 91. 91. Which of the following is less general in characters as compared 91. (a) Species is the lowest taxonomic category. Class is a to genus? category made of one or more related orders possessing (a) Species (b) Division similar correlated characters. Family is composed of one (c) Class (d) Family to many related genera. Division comprises of several related classes. 92. 92. If an organism is in the same class but not in the same family 92. (d) Order is a higher taxon and is the assemblage of then it may belong to same families having similar characteristics. However, the (a) genus (b) species common characteristic will be fewer than at family or (c) variety (d) order genus level. In mammals the common orders are primates (monkey, gorilla and human), carnivora, rodentia and cetacea (whale and dolphin). 93. 93. Refer the botanical name of wheat \"Triticum aestivum\" and 93. (c) Genus is an assembly of related species which identify the statement which correctly describes it. evolved from a common ancestor and have certain (a) The second word belongs to genus and starts with a small letter. common characters. In the botanical name of wheat (b) Both the words \"Triticum aestivum\" denote the specific epithet. (Triticum aestivum), the first word Triticum denotes the (c) The first word Triticum denotes the genus which starts with a genus which starts with a capital letter. capital letter. (d) The first word Triticum denotes the specific epithet while the second word denotes the genus. 94. 94. Which of the following characters given below displays the 94. (c) Species is the lowest category in taxonomic description of lowest taxonomic category of organisms in the plant hierarchy. Species is a group of animals, plants or other and animal kingdom? living things that all share common characteristics and (a) It includes one or more than one order. that are all classified as alike in some manner. (b) It is a group containing one or more families. (c) It is a group of related organisms that resemble one another. (d) It is a group of organisms that are closely related and share similar characteristics. 95. 95. Which of the following shows the correct example of taxonomic 95. (a) Potato, tomato and brinjal are three different category - Genus? species but all belong to the genus Solanum. Genus is an (a) Potato, tomato and brinjal belong to Solanum. assembly of related species which evolved from a (b) Monkey, gorilla and gibbon are placed in Mammalia. common ancestor and have certain common characters. (c) Solanum, Petunia, and Datura are placed in Solanacea. Solanum is a polytypic genera with more than one (d) Mangifera indica, Solanum tuberosum, and Panthera leo. species. 96. 96. \"X\" being a higher category is the assemblage of families which 96. (a) Order being a higher category is the assemblage of exhibit a few \"Y\" characters. The \"Z\" characters are less in a number families which exhibit a few similar characters. The as compared to different genera included in a family. Identify \"X\", similar characters are less in number as compared to \"Y\", and \"Z\". different genera included in a family. (a) X - Order; Y - Similar; Z - Similar (b) X - Genus; Y - Similar; Z - Different (c) X - Species; Y - Different; Z - Similar (d) X - Class; Y - Different; Z - Different 97. 97. Couplet represents the choice made between two opposite 97. (d) Couplet represents the choice made between two options which results in opposite options which results in acceptance of only one (a) rejection of both the option. and rejection of the other. (b) acceptance of both the option. (c) either acceptance or rejection of both the option.

(d) acceptance of only one and rejection of the other. 98. 1. Linnaeus system of classification is [1999] 1. (b) Carolus Linnaeus system of classification is artificial. (a) Natural (b) Artificial (c) Phylogenetic (d) Progressive 99. 2. The basic unit of classification is [2000] 2. (b) The basic unit of classification is species which (a) genus (b) species consists of a natural population of individuals having (c) variety (d) subspecies similar, morphological, anatomical, biochemical, cytological and reproductive characters so that they can interbreed freely and produce fertile offsprings. 100. 3. Binomial nomenclature was introduced by [2000] 3. (a) Carolus Linnaeus gave the binomial system of (a) Linnaeus nomenclature. (b) Darwin (c) Bentham and Hooker (d) Aristotle 101. 4. The usage of binomial names, for plant species was accepted by 4. (b) Carolus Von Linnaeus in his book Genera Plantarum all after the publication of the work by [2001] made use of the artificial system of classification. He (a) Hooker (b) Linnaeus distinguished between the natural and artificial systems. (c) Bentham (d) Darwin He used the binomial nomenclature system and classified organisms into genus and species. 102. 5. Which one of the following is correctly matched regarding an 5. (a) National Institute of Virology is located in Pune. Institute and its location? [2004] The National Institute of Virology (NIV) is a premier virus (a) National Institute of Virology - Pune research laboratory in India. It is one of the major (b) National Institute of Communicable disease - Lucknow Institutes of the Indian Council of Medical Research (c) Central Drug Research Institute – Kasauli Institute (ICMR). It was established at Pune. (d) National Institute of Nutrition – Mumbai 103. 6. “Ordines Anomali” of Bentham and Hooker includes [2006] 6. (d) Bentham and Hooker system was published wel l (a) seed plants showing abnormal forms of growth and before there were internationally accepted rules for development. botanical nomenclature. In this system, termination for (b) plants represented only in fossil state. families was not so as it is now. (c) plants described in the literature but which Bentham and Hooker did not see in original. (d) a few orders which could not be placed satisfactory in the classification. 104. 7. The system of classification based on evolutionary and genetic 7. (a) “Cladogram” emphasizes that the diagram relationships among organisms, ignor ing the morphological represents a hypothesis about the actual evolutionary similarities or differences, is called [2009] relationships of a group. This history is deduced on the (a) cladistics basis of certain shares like homologous characters. that (b) phenetics are thought to indicate common ancestry. While (c) classical systematics “phylogenies” represent true evolutionary history. To (d) new systematics other biologists, “cladogram” suggests that the lengths of the branches in the diagram are arbitrary, while in a “phylogeny,” the branch lengths indicate the amount of character change. 105. 8. Scientific name of Mango plant is Mangifera indica (Linn.) 8. (d) Collection of rules regarding scientific Santapau. In the above name Santapau refers to [2012] nomenclature of plants is known as ICBN or International (a) Variety of Mango Code of Botanical Nomenclature. It was first accepted in (b) A taxonomist who proposed the present nomenclature in honour 1961. According to ICBN, if any scientist has proposed of Linnaeus wrong name then his name (c) A scientist who for the first time described Mango plant should be written in bracket and the scientist who (d) A scientist who changed the name proposed by Linnaeus and corrected the name should be written after the bracket. proposed present name 106. 9. The classification of Linnaeus was mainly based on [2012] 9. (d) Classification proposed by Linnaeus is artificial. (a) Sepals (b) Carpels Linnaeus classified plant kingdom on the basis of only two (c) Petals (d) Stamens characters (1) stamens (2) style 107. 10. Which of the following is less general in characters as compared 10. (a) Species is the lowest taxonomic category. Class is a to genus? [2013] category made of one or more related orders possessing

(a) Species (b) Division similar correlated characters. Family is composed of one (c) Class (d) Family to many related genera. Division comprises of several related classes. 108. 11. Read the following statements [2014] 11. (d) Order being higher category is the assemblage of families which exhibit a few similar characteristics. (i) Lower the taxon, more are the characteristics that the members Dog (Canis familaris) and Cat (Felis domesticus) belong to two different families—Cancideae and Felidae within the taxon share. respectively. (ii) Order is the assemblage of genera which exhibit a few similar characters. (iii) Cat and dog are included in the same family Felidae. (iv) Binomial Nomenclature was introduced by Carolus Linnaeus. Which of the following statements are NOT correct? (a) (i), (ii) and (iii) (b) (ii), (iii) and (iv) (c) (i) and (iv) (d) (ii) and (iii) 109. 12. Choose the correct one [2015] 12. (b) Metabolism takes place only inside the body of a (i) Growth cannot be taken as a defining property of living organism. living organism. (ii) Dead organism does not grow. (iii) Reproduction cannot be an all inclusive defining characteristic of living organisms. (iv) No non-l iving object is capable of replicating itself. (v) Metabolism in a test tube is non-living. (vi) Metabolism is a defining feature of all living organisms. (a) (i) and (iii) (b) All except (v) (c) All except (iii) (d) All of these 110. 13. Match column I with column II and choose the correct option. 13. (b) A - V; B - IV; C - II; D - I; E - III [2017] Column-I Column-II A. Family I. tuberosum B. Kingdom II. Polymoniales C. Order III. Solanum D. Species IV. Plantae E. Genus V. Solanaceae (a) A – IV; B – III; C – V; D – II; E – I (b) A –V; B – IV; C – II; D – I; E – III (c) A – IV; B – V; C – II; D – I; E – III (d) A –V; B – III; C – II; D – I; E – IV 111. Directions for (Qs. 14-15) : These questions consist of two Type B : Assertion Reason Questions statements, each printed as Assertion and Reason. While answering 14. (d) Living organisms are regarded as open system as these questions, you are required to choose any one of the following energy flow is the key function of an ecosystem. five responses. (a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion. (b) If both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion. (c) If the Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect. (d) If both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect. (e) If the Assertion is incorrect but the Reason is correct. 14. Assertion: Living organisms are regarded as closed systems. 15. (b) Systematics is the science of identification, naming Reason: Energy of living organisms cannot be lost or gained from and classification of the organisms into groups. external environment. [2002] 112. 15. Assertion: Systematics is the branch of biology that deals with 16. (a) A category is a rank or level in the hierarchial classification of living organisms. classification of organisms. Taxon is a unit in classification Reason: The aim of classification is to group the organisms. [2002] 113. Directions for (Q. 16) : Each of these questions contains an Assertion followed by Reason. Read them carefully and answer the

question on the basis of following options. You have to select the which may represent any level of grouping of organisms one that best describes the two statements. based on certain common characteristics. There is some (a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the confusion in the use of taxon and category, for example correct explanation of Assertion. Bryophyta is a taxon while division is a category. (b) If both Assertion and Reason are correct, but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion. (c) If Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect. (d) If both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect. 16. Assertion : Taxon and category are different things. Reason : Category shows hierarchical classification. [2013, 14] 114. 1. The living organisms can be unexceptionally distinguished from 1. (b) There are several factors and processes which the non-living things on the basis of their ability for differentiate living beings with non-living beings like (a) interaction with the environment and progressive evolution reproduction, respiration, growth, etc. But among them (b) reproduction reproduction is the only characteristic which (c) growth and movement differentiates without any exception, living being from (d) responsiveness to touch. non-living beings. 115. 2. Which one of the following animals is correctly matched with its 2. (a) Panthera tigris is the scientific name of tiger. particular named taxonomic category? (a) Tiger - tigris, the species (b) Cuttle fish - mollusca, a class (c) Humans - primata, the family (d) Housefly - musca, an order 116. 3. Taxonomic hierarchy refers to 3. (a) (a) Step-wise arrangement of all categories for classification of plants and animals (b) A group of senior taxonomists who decide the nomenclature of plants and animals (c) A list of botanists or zoologists who have worked on taxonomy of a species or group (d) Classification of a species based on fossil record 117. 4. Choose correct scientific name of mango. 4. (b) (a) Mangifera Indica (b) Mangifera indica Linn (c) Mangifera indica Hook. (d) Mangifera indica L 118. 5. Arrange the following taxonomic categories in increasing number 5. (c) of common characteristics w.r.t. plant mango A. Dicotyledonae B. Polymoniales C. Mangifera D. Angiospermae E. Anacardiaceae (a) A ⃗ D ⃗ B ⃗ E ⃗ C (b) A ⃗ D ⃗ C ⃗ B ⃗E (c) D ⃗ A ⃗ B ⃗ E ⃗C (d) D ⃗ A ⃗ C ⃗ E ⃗B 119. 6. The common characteristics between brinjal and wheat can be 6. (a) The common characteristics between brinjal and observed maximum at the level of their. wheat can be observed maximum at the level of their (a) Division (b) Phylum division. (c) Kingdom (d) Both (b) and (c) 120. 7. Study of number of chromosomes for resolving difficulties in 7. (c) Cytotaxonomy is the study of chromosome number, classification is used in size and behaviour. (a) Chemotaxonomy (b) Morphotaxonomy (c) Cytotaxonomy (d) Biochemical taxonomy 121. 8. Most names in biological nomenclature of living organisms are 8. (b) The original scientific names were taken from Latin

taken from which language? and Greek languages. New names are now derived either (a) Hindi (b) Latin from Latin language or are latinised. This is because Latin (c) German (d) French language is dead and therefore, it will not change in the form or spellings with the passage of time. 122. 9. The main objective of plant taxonomy is 9. (d) (a) to study the world's flora (b) to provide a method for identification and nomenclature (c) to provide Latin 'scientific' names for every group of plants in the world (d) all of these 123. 10. Which one of the following has least similar characters? 10. (b) The number of similar characters of categories (a) Family (b) Class decreases from lowest rank to highest rank in a (c) Genus (d) Species taxonomic hierarchy. Out of the given categories i.e., family, class, genus and species, the class being the highest category possesses the least similar characters. 124. 11. The ascending or descending arrangement of taxonomic 11. (c) Hierarchy of categories is the classification of categories is called as organisms in a definite sequence of categories (a) classification (b) taxonomy (taxonomic categories) in a descending order starting (c) hierarchy (d) key from kingdom and reaching upto species or an ascending order from species to kingdom. The number of similar characters of categories decreases from lowest rank (species) to highest rank (kingdom). The taxonomic hierarchy includes seven obligate categories-kingdom, division or phylum, class, order, family, genus and species. Some subcategories like tribe, subfamily, subspecies are also used whenever required. 125. 12. Select the false statement 12. (c) Teleology is the unscientific explanation of (a) Carolus Linnaeus described plants and classified them on the phenomena, while study of vestigeal organs is known as basis of their sexual parts dysteleology. (b) Some facts established by accurate and repeated observations do not require further verification 13. (d) International code for Zoological Nomenclature is (c) Study of the vestigeal organs is called teleology responsible for setting rules for naming of animals and (d) ‘White Revolution’ resulted in enhanced production of milk resolution of nomenclature problems. 126. 13. Animal taxonomists have named the animals according to: 14. (b) When external temperature is warm, the (a) International class for Zoology Nomenclature (b) Indian code for Zoology Nomenclature (c) International classification for Zoological Nomenclature (d) International code for Zoological Nomenclature 127. 14. Which of the following statement is not true?

(a) Homeostasis is a fundamental property of life superficial blood vessels dilate to lose the body heat. (b) When the external temperature is warm, the superficial blood vessels constrict to prevent loss of body heat (c) Human beings are endothermic (d) Human beings are homeothermic 128. 15. Species is : 15. (c) The biological species concept was formulated by (a) population of individuals having same genotypes and phenotypes Theodosium Dobzhansky and Ernst Mayr. According to (b) a group of individuals inhabiting a geographical area this concept “A species is a reproductive community of (c) a group of interbreeding populations populations whose members can interbreed with each (d) population of one type other but not with the members of other species. 129. 16. The usage of binomial names, for plant species was accepted 16. (b) Carolus Von Linnaeus in his book Genera by all after the publication of the work by : Plantanum made use of the artificial system of (a) Hooker (b) Linnaeus classification. He distinguished between the natural and (c) Bentham (d) Darwin artificial systems. He used the binomial nomenclature system and classified organisms into genius and species. 130. 17. Which of the following is less general in characters as compared 17. (a) Species is the lowest taxonomic category. Class is a to genus? category made of one or more related orders possessing (a) Species (b) Division similar correlated characters, Family is composed of one (c) Class (d) Family to many related genera. Division comprises of several related classes. 131. 18. A taxon with reference to classification of living organisms can 18. (d) Taxon is a grouping of organisms of any level in be defined as hierarchy of classification based on some common (a) a group of similar genera characteristic. (b) a group of similar species (c) a group of organisms based on chromosome numbers (d) a group of any one rank of organisms 132. 19. Species are considered as 19. (c) Species is the lowest or basic taxonomic category (a) Real units of classification devised by taxonomists comprising of one or more natural population of (b) Real basic units of classification individuals that interbreed freely. (c) The lowest units of classification (d) Artificial concept of human mind which cannot be defined in absolute terms 133. 20. Linneaus system of classification is : 20. (b) Carolus Linnaeus system of classification is (a) Natural (b) Artificial artificial. (c) Phylogenetic (d) Progressive 134. 21. The book systema naturae was written by 21. (a) Carolus Von Linnaeus wrote the book systema (a) Carolus Von Linnaeus Naturae. (b) Hutchinson (c) Engler and Prantl (d) Bentham & Hooker 135. 22. “Ordines Anomali” of Bentham and Hooker includes : 22. (d) Benthem and Hooker system was published well (a) Seed plants showing abnormal forms of growth and development before there were internationally accepted rules for (b) Plants represented only in fossil state botanical nomenclature. In this system, terminology for (c) Plants described in the literature but which Bentham and Hooker families was not so as it is now. did not see in original (d) A few orders which could not be placed satisfactory in the classification. 136. 23. What is true for individuals of same species? 23. (c) Individuals of the same species can interbreed. No (a) Live in same niche two individuals share the same ecological niche. (b) Live in same habitat (c) Interbreeding (d) Live in different habitat 137. 24. Biosystematics aims at 24. (d) Biosystematics is the study of diversity of (a) Identification and arrangement of organisms on the basis of their organism and all their comparative and evolutionary cytological characteristics relationships. (b) The classification of organisms based on broad morphological

characters (c) Delimiting various taxa of organisms and establishing their relationships (d) The classification of organisms based on their evolutionary history and establishing their phylogeny on the totality of various parameters from all fields of studies 138. 25. An animal with same generic, specific and subspecific names 25. (b) Trinomial nomenclature of gorilla is Gorilla gorilla gorilla. is 26. (a) Isotype refers to the duplicate of holotype. When (a) man (b) gorilla the original material is missing, the new nomenclatural type is termed asneotype. When there is no holotype, (c) rabbit (d) elephant any of two or more specimens cited by the author is named as syntype. 139. 26. Two similar holotypes are called 27. (c) Carnivora and Insectivora are two orders of mammals. Mastigophora is a class of Protozoa. Any plant- (a) Isotypes (b) Neotypes eating animal can be termed as a herbivore. 28. (c) Many related families can be grouped under an (c) Syntypes (d) Mesotypes order. 140. 27. Which of the following is not a taxon? 29. (d) NBRI is a research institute situated in Lucknow that is engaged in the field of taxonomy and Modern (a) Carnivora (b) Insectivora biology. 30. (c) Holotype- a specimen on which the original (c) Herbivora (d) Mastigophora description of the species is based. Syntype- any of two or more specimens cited by author 141. 28. The category which includes related families is when there is no holotype. Neotype- a specimen designated when the original types (a) Class (b) Phylum are known to have been destroyed. Paratype- a specimen other than the holotype available (c) Order (d) Kingdom with the author. Isotype- a duplicate of the type. 142. 29. NBRI is situated at 31. (a) Chemotaxonomy is the method of biological classification based on similarities in the structure of (a) Calcutta (b) Bombay certain compounds among the organisms being classified. (c) Madras (d) Lucknow 32. (b) Tautonym is the name in which both genus and species epithet are identical 143. 30. A duplicate of nomenclature type is termed by a taxonomist as (a) Syntype (b) Neotype (c) Paratype (d) Isotype 144. 31. Classification based on sequencing of DNA and chemical nature of protein is (a) Chemotaxonomy (b) Cytotaxonomy (c) Adansonian taxonomy (d) Karyotaxonomy 145. 32. Rattus rattus scientific name is an example of (a) Autonyms (b) Tautonyms (c) Synonyms (d) Homonyms 146. 33. Species belonging to different time period are called 33. (c) Lectotype is a specimen later selected to serve as the single type specimen for species originally described (a) Syntype (b) Paratype from a set of syntypes. 34. (d) Neotype is a type specimen that is selected (c) Lectotype (d) Isotype subsequent to the description of a species to replace a pre-existing type that has been cost or destroyed. 147. 34. A new nomenclatural type submitted when the original 35. (a) Dried specimens are poisoned not by DDT but by material is missing is known as others like formaldehyds. (a) Holotype (b) Isotype 36. (a) Reproduction is a characteristic feature of all living organisms. (c) Paratype (d) Neotype 148. 35. Choose the incorrect statement regarding herbarium (a) Dried specimens are poisoned by using DDT (b) The collections are kept inside metallic vasculum (c) Herbarium sheet is 41 x 29 cm (d) It is used for alpha taxonomic research 149. 36. No non-living object is capable of reproduction or replication by itself. Although reproduction cannot be an all-inclusive defining

characteristics of living organisms because (a) Organisms like mules do not reproduce (b) It brings about variation in offsprings (c) Clones are blueprints of their parents (d) Drones (male honey bees) are produced parthenogenetically 150. 37. Which of the following have more characters in common? 37. (b) Animals in lower hierarchy possess more characters in common. (a) Order (b) Class 38. (c) Phylum, class and family are classificatory units. (c) Phylum (d) Family 39. (c) Homonym is a name for a taxon that is identical in 151. 38. Mark the odd one in the following: spelling to another such name, that belongs to a different taxon. (a) Family (b) Class 40. (a) Autonyms are automatically created names as (c) Taxon (d) Phylum regulated by the International code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants. 152. 39. Which of the following is a name for a taxon that is identical to 41. (d) A binomial name in which the specific name other such name? repeats the generic. (a) Autonym (b) Synonym 42. (b) The most important process for formation of new species is reproductive isolation as this prevents (c) Homonym (d) Tautonym interbreeding in between members of a population, thus giving rise to new species. 153. 40. Which of the following is an automatically created name? 43. (c) Two or more species which are reproductively (a) Autonym isolated from each other but are morphologically quite similar are known as sibling species. Sympatric species (b) Synonym are developed due to reproductive isolation and occur in over lapping or same area of geographical distribution. (c) Homonym Parapatric species are developed in adjacent geographical areas meeting in very narrow regions of overlap. (d) Tautonym 44. (b) Members of same species form population and members of different species form community. 154. 41. When the specific epithet exactly repeats generic name, it is 45. (d) Exobiology is the study of possible extra-terrestrial called life. (a) Basionym (b) Synonym 2 (c) Homonym (d) Tautonym 2 155. 42. Which of the following is most important for speciation? 1 (a) Seasonal isolation (b) Reproductive isolation (c) Behavioural isolation (d) Temporal isolation 156. 43. Species occurring in different geographical areas are called as (a) Sibling (b) Sympatric (c) Allopatric (d) Neopatric 157. 44. All members of different species of plants and animals present in particular area make up (a) Population (b) Community (c) Ecosystem (d) Biosphere 158. 45. The study of the kind of life in outer space is known as : (a) ecology (b) evolution (c) anthropology (d) exobiology 159. 1. Non-living objects (1) do not grow. (2) do not reproduce. (3) undergo metabolism. (4) can respond to stimuli. 160. 2. An isolated metabolic reaction(s) outside the body of an organism, performed in a test tube is (1) either living or non-living. (2) neither living nor non-living. (3) always living. (4) always non-living. 161. 3 ______can indicate categories at very different levels. (1) Taxa (2) Rank (3) Key (4) Catalogue

162. 4. (a) Increase in mass 4 (b) Differentiation (c) Increase in number of individuals. (d) Response to stimuli Which two points are known as the twin characteristics of growth? (1) (a) and b (2) (a) and (d) (3) (b) and (c) (4) (a) and (c) 163. 5. Select the correct statement for growth as one of the 3 characteristic of living organisms. (1) Growth by increase in mass is a defining property of prokaryotic organisms only. (2) Protoplasmic growth is feature of higher organisms only. (3) Intrinsic growth is a characteristic of all living organisms. (4) Growth can be extrinsic or intrinsic for multicellular organisms. 164. 6. Find out the incorrect statement with respect to reproduction. 1 (1) In unicellular organisms, growth and reproduction are two different processes. (2) Reproduction is of two types: asexual and sexual. (3) Asexual reproduction has different modes. (4) Many living organisms which do not reproduce are mules, sterile worker bees and infertile human couples. 165. 7. Select the incorrect statement for consciousness as one of the 3 characteristic of living organisms. (1) It is the most technically complicated process. (2) It is present in all organisms whether unicellular or multicellular. (3) It is an obvious feature not found in prokaryotes. (4) It is regarded as a defining feature of living organisms. 166. 8. Which of the following sets of organisms can reproduce to 2 produce fertile offspring? (1) Worker bees, blue whales and elephants (2) Queen bee, Drosophila and yeast (3) Mules, sharks and kangaroos (4) Sterile human couples, hinny and donkeys. 167. 9. Fill in the blank. 1 All living organisms – present, past and future, are linked to one another by the sharing of common ______, but to varying degrees. (1) genetic material (2) chemical composition (3) cell structure (4) metabolism 168. 10. Which of the following statements is correct? 1 (1) Species diversity, in general, increases from poles to the equator. (2) Conventional taxonomic methods are equally suitable for higher plants and microorganisms. (3) India’s share of global species diversity is about 18%. (4) There are about 25,000 known species of plants in India. 169. 11. In nomenclature, 1 (1) both genus and species are printed in italics. (2) genus and species are always of same name. (3) both in genus and species, the first letter is capital. (4) genus is written after the species. 170. 12. In trinomial nomenclature, 2 (1) The third term in animals represents the strain. (2) The third term in plants denotes the variety. (3) When species and sub-species are same, those names are called

autonyms. (4) The third term in micro-organisms denotes the sub-species. 171. 13. Read the statements given below and identify the incorrect 3 statement. (1) Scientific names are used all over the world. (2) Scientific names indicate relationship between species. (3) Scientific names favour multiple naming for the same kind of an organism. (4) Scientific names are often descriptive and tell us some important character of an organism. 172. 14. Which of the following statements about classification is not 1 true? (a) Members of a family are less similar than members of an included genus. (b) An order has more members than the number of members in an included genus. (c) Families have more members than phyla. (d) Members of a family share a common ancestor in the more distant past than members of an included genus. (e) The number of species in a taxon depends on their relative degree of similarity. (1) Only (c) (2) Only (d) (3) Only (e) (4) None of these 173. 15. The term ‘Taxon’ is used for 4 (1) the ranks of species and genus. (2) the ranks up to phylum. (3) the species epithet only. (4) any rank of taxonomic hierarchy. 174. 16. Biosystematics aims at 1 (1) the classification of organisms based on their evolutionary history and establishing their phylogeny studies. (2) identification and arrangement of organisms on the basis of their cytological characteristics. (3) the classification of organisms based on broad morphological characters. (4) delimiting various taxa of organisms and establishing their relationships. 175. 17. When organism is in same division but is not in same order, the 1 taxonomic term is called (1) class. (2) genus. (3) species. (4) family. 176. 18. Which of the following taxa covers a least number of organisms? 3 (1) Class (2) Order (3) Genus (4) Phylum 177. 19. In taxonomic hierarchy, which of the following group of taxa will 1 have less number of similarities as compared to other? (1) Solanaceae, Convolvulaceae and Poaceae (2) Polymoniales, Poales and Sapindales (3) Solanum, Petunia and Atropa (4) Leopard, tiger and lion 178. 20. Fill in the blanks (a) and (b). 3

Kingdom →Phylum → *a+ → Order → *b+ (1) (a) - Genus; (b) - Species (2) (a) - Family; (b) - Class (3) (a) - Class; (b) - Family (4) (a) - Species; (b) – Division 179. 21. The equivalent rank of Carnivora in taxonomic categories of man 4 and housefly is respectively (1) Homo and Musca. (2) Hominidae and Muscidae. (3) Mammalia Mammala and insect. (4) Primata and Diptera. 180. 22. The Indian Botanical garden is located at 2 (1) Chennai. (2) Kolkata. (3) Lucknow. (4) Dehradun. 181. 23. Which taxonomic aid gives comprehensive account of complete 2 compiled information of a genus or family at a particular time? (1) Flora (2) Monograph (3) Dictionary (4) Herbarium 182. 24 Which of the following statement(s) about taxonomical aids 2 is/are true? (a) Keys are used to identify plants and animals based on similarities and dissimilarities. (b) Flora contains the account of habitat and distribution of plants in a given area. (c) Flora provide an index to the plant species found in a particular area. (d) Monographs provide information for identifying the species found in an area. (1) (a) and (b) only (2) All except (d) (3) (a) and (d) only (4) (a) only 183. 25. Herbarium sheets are arranged according to the system of 4 classification and should have information about (1) time and place of collection, English, local and botanical names, phylum, collector’s name. (2) date and time of collection, English, local and botanical names, class, collector’s name. (3) date and place of collection, English, local and botanical names, order, collector’s name. (4) date and place of collection, English, local and botanical names, family, collector’s name. 184. 26. National Botanical Research Institute consists of 4 (1) dried and preserved plant specimens only. (2) collection of preserved plant and animal specimens. (3) flora, manuals and monographs only. (4) collection of living plants for reference. 185. 27. Among the given taxonomic aids how many are associated with 3 preservation of specimens? Key, Flora, Museum, Botanical Garden, Catalogue, Herbarium, Zoological Park, Monograph (1) One (2) Three

(3) Two (4) Four 186. 28. Live specimens of plants and animals are found respectively in 2 (1) herbarium and museums. (2) botanical garden and zoological parks. (3) museums and herbarium. (4) zoological parks and botanical gardens. 187. 29. Key is 3 (1) a form of herbaria. (2) a type of educational institute. (3) a taxonomical aid used for identifying various organisms. (4) a taxonomic category. 188. 30. Match the following columns 2 Column-I Column-I I (a) Binomial (i) Carolus Linnaeus nomenclature (b) Generic name (ii) Muscidae (c) Family (iii) Panthera (d) Systema naturae (1) (a) - (i), (b) - (iii), (c) - (iii), (d) - (ii) (2) (a) - (i), (b) - (iii), (c) - (ii), (d) - (i) (3) (a) - (ii), (b) - (i), (c) - (i), (d) - (iii) (4) (a) - (iii), (b) - (i), (c) - (ii), (d) - (i) 189. 1. All living organisms are linked to one another because [NCERT 1. (B) Exemplar] (A) they have common genetic material of the same type (B) they share common genetic material but to varying degrees (C) all have common cellular organisation (D) all of the above 190. 2. Match the column-I with column- II and select the correct option: 2. (B) (A) 1-a, 2-b, 3-d, 4-c (B) 1-d, 2-c, 3-a, 4-b (C) 1-b, 2-c, 3-a, 4-d (D) 1-d, 2-b, 3-c, 4-a 191. 3. Which of the following is a defining characteristic of living 3. (D) organisms? [NCERT Exemplar] (A) Growth (B) Ability to make sound (C) Reproduction (D) Response to external stimuli 192. 4. Which amongst the following can exhibit the property of growth? 4. (D) (A) Human (B) Mountain (C) Lizard’s tail (D) All of these 193. 5. Which one of the following is true? 5. (C) (A) In plants and animals, cell division occurs continuously. (B) In plants, cell division occurs up to a certain age whereas in animals, it occurs continuously.

(C) In plants cell division occurs continuously whereas in animals, it occurs only upto a certain age. (D) In plants and animals, cell division occurs only upto a certain age. 194. 6. Which of the following cannot reproduce? 6. (B) 6. Mule is sterile. (A) Amoeba (B) Mule (C) Fungi (D) Queen Bee 195. 7. Which amongst the following multiply by fragmentation? 7. (A) 7. In Planaria, true regeneration is observed, i.e., a (A) Planaria fragmented organism regenerates the lost part of its (B) Amoeba body and develops into a new organism. Amoeba divide (C) Bacteria by binary fission. Bacteria divide by binary fission, (D) Virus sporulation, transformation, conjugation and transduction. Viruses do not have cells which divide. New viruses assemble in the infected host cell and the host cell divides. 196. 8. Assertion: True regeneration can be observed in Planaria. 8. (A) Reason: A fragmented Planaria regenerates the lost part of its body and develops into a new organism. (A) Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion. (B) Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion. (C) Assertion is true but reason is false. (D) Both assertion and reason are false. 197. 9. Select the mismatched pair from the following. 9. (D) 9. Fungi reproduce asexually and multiply through (A) Fungi – Asexual spores asexual spores. Yeast reproduce through budding. (B) Yeast – Budding Amoeba reproduce through binary fission. Protonema of (C) Amoeba – Binary fission Mosses multiply by fragmentation. (D) Protonema – True regeneration 198. 10. Find the odd one out: 10. (A) 10. Fungi is multicellular, whereas the rest are (A) Fungi (B) Bacteria unicellular. (C) Amoeba (D) Yeast 199. 11. The system of binomial nomenclature was given by 11. (D) (A) Ernst Mayr (B) John Ray (C) Adolf Mayor (D) Carolus Linnaeus 200. 12. Who gave the nomenclature according to which humans are 12. (D) called Homo sapiens? [BCECE 2015] (A) Darwin (B) Mendel (C) Aristotle (D) Linnaeus 201. 13. Which one of the following is true for the given sentence? 13. (A) For the plants, scientific names are provided by (A) International Code for Botanical Nomenclature (B) International Code for Biological Nomenclature (C) International Class for Botanical Nomenclature (D) International Class for Biological Nomenclature 202. 14. Animal taxonomists have named the animals according to 14. (D) (A) Indian Code for Zoology Nomenclature (B) International Class for Zoology Nomenclature (C) International Classification for Zoological Nomenclature (D) International Code for Zoological Nomenclature 203. 15. Assertion: As we explore different areas, new organisms are 15. (C) 15. As new organisms are identified, they are being identified. classified according to binomial nomenclature. Reason: Vernacular names are chosen for nomenclature of newly found organisms. (A) Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct

explanation of assertion. (B) Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion. (C) Assertion is true but reason is false. (D) Both assertion and reason are false. 204. 16. Nomenclature is governed by certain universal rules. Which one 16. (C) of the following is contrary to the rules of nomenclature? [NEET P-I 17. (C) 2016] 18. (A) 18. The main purpose of classification is to reveal the varying degrees of resemblances and (A) The names are written in Latin and are Italicised. differences among organisms and hence establish relationships. (B) When written by hand, the names are to be underlined. 19. (D) 19. Classification helps in understanding diverse varieties of organisms and also gives an idea about the (C) Biological names can be written in any Language. origin and evolution of organisms which are morphologically similar. (D) The first word in a biological name represents the genus name, 20. (C) 20. Classification may be defined as a system of arrangement of organisms into groups showing and the second is a specific epithet. relationships. 21. (C) 205. 17. Opt for the appropriate way of writing biological name from 22. (A) below 23. (C) (A) Mangifera Indica 24. (D) 25. (C) 25. Category is rank or level in the hierarchial (B) Panthera leo classification of organisms. Classification is the (C) Solanum tuberosum (D) solanum nigrum 206. 18. The main purpose of classification is to (A) establish relationships (B) locate animals (C) study geography (D) study key to evolution 207. 19. Need for a proper system of classification arises because (A) the organisms of the past cannot be studied without it. (B) classification helps in knowing the relationships among the different groups of organisms. (C) it is not possible to study every organism. (D) all of these. 208. 20. Classification deals with (A) naming of plants (B) collection of plants arranged in a herbarium (C) process of arranging plants into groups (D) identification of plants 209. 21. Assertion: The study of classification of organisms is called taxonomy. Reason: Taxonomy and systematics have the same meaning. (A) Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion. (B) Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion. (C) Assertion is true but reason is false. (D) Both assertion and reason are false. 210. 22. Branch of science dealing with classification is (A) Taxonomy (B) Anatomy (C) Morphology (D) Biology 211. 23. The term ‘systematics’ refers to [NCERT Exemplar] (A) identification and study of organ systems. (B) identification and preservation of plants and animals. (C) diversity of different kinds of organisms and their relationship. (D) study of habitats of organisms and their classification. 212. 24. Which scientist is known as the Darwin of the 20th Century? (A) Carolus Linnaeus (B) Lammarck (C) Charles Darwin (D) Ernst Mayr 213. 25. The serial arrangement of taxon is known as (A) Category (B) Classification

(C) Hierarchy (D) Taxonomy arrangement of organisms or groups of organisms in distinct categories in accordance with a particular and well established plan. Taxonomy is the branch of biology which deals with the collection, identification, nomenclature, description and classification of plants and animals. 214. 26. In taxonomic hierarchy, various categories are arranged in 26. (A) (A) descending order (B) ascending order (C) no order (D) all of these 215. 27. Which is the highest in the hierarchy of taxonomic category? 27. (D) [BCECE 2015] (A) Genus (B) Family (C) Order (D) Class 216. 28. As we go from species to kingdom in a taxonomic hierarchy, the 28. (A) number of common characteristics [NCERT Exemplar] (A) will decrease (B) will increase (C) remain same (D) may increase of decrease 217. 29. In a taxonomic hierarchy, the number of characters will increase 29. (D) as we go from [KCET 2016] (A) Class to Order (B) Species to Kingdom (C) Genus to Species (D) Kingdom to Species 218. 30. A group of plants with similar traits of any rank is [CBSE PMT 30. (D) 1990, 92, 96, 97; AFMC 1994; CPMT 1996; CET Chd. 2000; Pb. PMT 2002] (A) species (B) genus (C) order (D) taxon 219. 31. Which is a taxon? [CBSE PMT 1992; Pb. PMT 1998] 31. (D) 31. Taxon is a group of organisms of any rank or (A) Genera (B) Family category. A taxon may be a very large group such as (C) Class (D) None of these division or very small as species. Taxon may range from Plantae to Angiosperms or it may be a very small group such as species e.g. Hibiscus esculentus. 220. 32. Which of the following taxonomical ranks contain organisms 32. (A) least similar to one another? [DPMT 1999; Pb. PMT 2000] (A) Class (B) Genus (C) Family (D) Species 221. 33. Which of the following is not a taxon but category? 33. (A) (A) Division (B) Dicotyledons (C) Angiosperms (D) Polypetalae 222. 34. Opt the correct flow of the categories. 34. (B) (A) Kingdom⃗Phylum⃗Order ⃗Class ⃗ Family ⃗Genus ⃗Species. (B) Kingdom ⃗Phylum ⃗Class ⃗Order ⃗ Family ⃗Genus ⃗Species (C) Kingdom ⃗Class ⃗Phylum ⃗Family ⃗ Order ⃗Genus ⃗Species (D) Kingdom ⃗Phylum ⃗Class ⃗Family ⃗ Order ⃗Genus ⃗Species 223. 35. Genus represents [NCERT Exemplar] 35. (C) (A) an individual plant or animal (B) a collection of plants or animals (C) group of closely related species of plants or animals (D) none of these. 224. 36. 36. (B)

Choose the correct classification of the given picture of the animal: 225. 37. Select the correct option to complete the given table: 37. (A) (A) i. Hominidae ii. Diptera iii. Dicotyledonae iv. Angiospermae (B) i. Hominidae ii. Dicotyledonae iii. Diptera iv. Angiospermae (C) i. Hominidae ii. Diptera iii. Angiospermae iv. Dicotyledonae (D) i. Hominidae ii. Dicotyledonae iii. Angiospermae iv. Diptera 226. 38. Two organisms are from the same phylum, but different family. 38. (B) 38. Family Felidae and Canidae are two different families that belong to the order Carnivora and Phylum They may belong to the same Chordata. 39. (C) (A) Species (B) Order 40. (B) (B) Division (D) Genus 227. 39. Identify the correct sequence of taxonomic hierarchial arrangement in ascending order of the following. [EAMCET 2016] (A) Spermatophyta, Sapindales, Dicotyledons, Anacardiaceae, Mangifera (B) Mangifera, Dicotyledons, Anacardiaceae, Spermatophyta, Sapindales (C) Mangifera, Anacardiaceae, Sapindales, Dicotyledons, Spermatophyta (D) Dicotyledons, Anacardiaceae, Sapindales, Spermatophyte, Mangifera 228. 40. M atch the following and choose the correct option. [NCERT Exemplar] (A) a - 4, b - 3, c - 5, d - 2, e - 1 (B) a - 5, b - 4, c - 2, d - 1, e - 3 41. (C) 41. Dogs belong to the family Canidae and (C) a - 4, b - 5, c - 2, d - 1, e - 3 (D) a - 5, b - 3, c - 2, d - 1, e – 4 Cats belong to the family Felidae. 229. 41. Assertion: Dogs and cats have some similarities. Reason: They belong to the same family Felidae. (A) Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion. (B) Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion. (C) Assertion is true but reason is false. (D) Both assertion and reason are false.

230. 42. Select the incorrect set from the following: 42. (C) 42. Cat belongs to family Felidae and dog belongs (A) Polymoniales - Convolvulaceae, Solanaceae. to Family Canidae. (B) Primata - gorilla, gibbon (C) Felidae - cat, dog 43. (C) 43. Mango - Mangifera indica (D) Panthera - leopard, tiger 44. (B) 231. 43. Which one is the mismatched pair? (A) Wheat - Triticum aestivum (B) Housefly - Musca domestica (C) Mango - Azadirachta indica (D) Lion - Panthera leo 232. 44. Match Column-I with Column-II for housefly classification and select the correct option using the codes given below: [NEET P-II 2016] (A) a-iv, b-ii, c-i, d-iii (B) a-iii, b-i, c-iv, d-i (C) a-iii, b-ii, c-iv, d-i (D) a-iv, b-iii, c-ii, d-i 233. 45. Find the odd one out. 45. (D) 45. Poaceae is a category of family; rest all are (A) Primata from order. (B) Diptera (C) Sapindales (D) Poaceae 234. 46. Select the incorrect statement from the following: 46. (C) 46. Musca is generic epithet. Musca domestica is (A) Mangifera, Solanum and Panthera represent generic epithets. biological name of housefly. (B) Petunia and Datura belong to family Solanaceae. (C) leo, aestivum and musca represent specific epithets. (D) Mango belongs to order sapindales. 235. 47. Assertion: An order may have many classes. 47. (D) 47. Order is a category used in the classification Reason: All the classes of an order have common features. of organisms that consists of one or several similar or (A) Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct closely related families. Class includes related orders. explanation of assertion. (B) Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion. (C) Assertion is true but reason is false. (D) Both assertion and reason are false. 236. 48. Which of the following ‘suffixes’ used for units of classification in 48. (C) 48. - ales suffix is used for order. plants indicates a taxonomic category of ‘family’? [NCERT Exemplar] - ae suffix is used for class. (A) - ales (B) - onae - onae is not used for any taxon. (C) - aceae (D) - ae 237. 49. The taxonomic unit ‘Phylum’ in the classification of animals is 49. (C) equivalent to which hierarchial level in classification of plants? [NCERT Exemplar] (A) Class (B) Order (C) Division (D) Family 238. 50. Assertion: The system of providing a scientific name to any 50. (C) organism is called binomial nomenclature. Reason: Each taxonomic group should have two names. (A) Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion. (B) Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.

(C) Assertion is true but reason is false. (D) Both assertion and reason are false. 239. 51. One of the most important functions of botanical gardens is that 51. (C) [CBSE PMT 2005] (A) they provide a beautiful area for recreation (B) one can observe tropical plants there (C) they allow ex-situ conservation of germplasm (D) they provide the natural habitat for wild life 240. 52. Kew, London is famous for [Wardha 2001] 52. (C) (A) Being the largest biological reserve (B) Herbarium (C) Being the largest botanical garden (D) Diverse flora and fauna 241. 53. Botanical gardens and zoological parks have [NCERT Exemplar] 53. (C) (A) collection of endemic living species only (B) collection of exotic living species only (C) collection of endemic and exotic living species (D) collection of only local plants and animals. 242. 54. A place where wild animals are kept in 54. (A) specially created environment is known as (A) zoological park (B) botanical garden (C) herbarium (D) all of these 243. 55. A zoological garden has all of the following characteristics, 55. (C) except (A) wild animals are under human care. (B) wild animals are provided conditions similar to their natural habitat. (C) it enables us to understand the skeletons and integumentary systems of wild animals. (D) it enables us to know about the food habits and behaviour of wild animals. 244. 56. Match the column and select the correct option 56. (C) (A) 1-a, 2-b, 3-c, 4-d (B) 1-a, 2-c, 3-b, 4-d (C) 1-d, 2-a, 3-b, 4-c (D) 1-d, 2-c, 3-a, 4-b 245. 57. Which one of the following is not a correct statement? [NEET 57. (C) 57. A museum has collection of dead remains of 2013] plants and animals in preserved form for study and (A) Herbarium houses dried, pressed and preserved plant specimens reference. (B) Botanical gardens have collection of living plants for reference. (C) A museum has collection of photographs of plants and animals. (D) Key is a taxonomic aid for identification of specimens. 246. 58. The label of a herbarium sheet does not carry 58. (A) information on [NEET P-II 2016] (A) height of the plant (B) date of collection (C) name of collector (D) local names 247. 59. Assertion: Key is a taxonomical aid. 59. (B)

Reason: Keys are based on couplet. (A) Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion. (B) Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion. (C) Assertion is true but reason is false. (D) Both assertion and reason are false. 248. 60. Taxonomic key is one of the taxonomic tools in the identification 60. (C) and classification of plants and animals. It is used in the preparation of [NCERT Exemplar] (A) monographs (B) flora (C) both (A) and (B) (D) none of these 249. 61. Assertion: Monographs provide index to the plant species found 61. (D) 61. Monographs provide information on any one in a particular area. taxon. Reason: Monographs provide information for the identification of names of species found in an area. (A) Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion. (B) Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion. (C) Assertion is true but reason is false. (D) Both assertion and reason are false. 250. 1. The first step in taxonomy is _______ of an organism. 1. (A) (A) identification (B) nomenclature (C) classification (D) description 251. 2. Which of the following statement/s is / are true? 2. (B) 1. Growth cannot be taken as a defining property of living organisms. 2. Panthera pardus is a scientific name of Leopard in which Panthera represents specific epithet. 3. In binomial nomenclature, biological names are derived from Latin irrespective of their origin. 4. In plants, Orders with few similar characters are assigned to Division. (A) All are true (B) Only 1 and 3 are true (C) Only 1 and 4 are true (D) Only 2 and 3 are true 252. 3. Match the columns and select the correct option: 3. (D) (A) a - 2, b - 5, c - 1, d - 4 4. (B) (B) a - 5, b - 4, c - 2, d - 3 (C) a - 2, b - 3, c - 1, d - 4 (D) a - 5, b - 1, c - 2, d – 3 253. 4. Which of the following statements represents the defining property of living organisms? (A) Worker bees are sterile.

(B) Plants respond to external factors such as light, temperature, water etc. (C) Sand mounds grow due to accumulation of matter from outside. (D) All the above. 254. 5. In binomial nomenclature, name of an animal consists of _______. 5. (B) (A) three epithets (B) two epithets (C) one epithet (D) four epithets 255. 6. Assertion: Key is analytical in nature. 6. (A) Reason: Key represents the choice made between two opposite options in which one is selected and other is rejected. (A) Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion. (B) Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion. (C) Assertion is true but reason is false. (D) Both assertion and reason are false. 256. 7. _______ is the descending arrangement of categories. 7. (A) (A) Hierarchy (B) Systematics (C) Key (D) Classification 257. 8. National Botanical Research Institute is situated at 8. (B) (A) England (B) Lucknow (C) Kolkata (D) Karnataka 258. 9. While writing the biological name of tiger, both the words should 9. (A) be 10. (C) (A) separately underlined (B) italicised (C) without any space between them (D) in capital letters 259. 10. Which of the following number represents incorrect classification of organism? (A) 1, 2 and 3 (B) 1 and 4 (C) 1, 3 and 4 (D) only 2 260. 1. Defining property of living organism? c b a. Reproduction b. Metabolism c c. Consciousness d. Cell division d a 261. 2. Which of the following do not reproduces? a a. Phytoplankton b. Worker bee c. Queen bee d. Mycoplasma 262. 3. Isolated metabolism reaction outside the body performed in test tube a. Living b. Non - living c. Neither living nor Non-living d. Both (a) and (b) 263. 4. Defining feature of life forms? a. Metabolism b. Consciousness c. Cellular organization d. All of the above 264. 5. In which organism reproduction can be considered as synonymous with growth? a. Amoeba b. Planaria c. Star fish d. More then one option are correct 265. 6. The twin characteristics of growth are: a. Increase in number of individuals, increase in mass b. Increase in height and increase in mass c. Increase in molecular weight and increase in mass d. Increase in size and decrease in mass

266. 7. A living organism is unexceptionally differentiated from d a nonliving structure on the basis of d a a. Reproduction a b. Growth and movement a c. Interaction with environment a d. Responsiveness a a 267. 8. The statement ‘nothing lives forever, yet life continues’ a a illustrates the role of c a. Embryogenesis b. Morphogenesis a c c. Replication d. Reproduction d 268. Diversity in Living World [NCERT Pg 6-8] 9. Described biodiversity range? a. 1.7 - 1.8 million b. 1.1 - 1.8 trillion c. 1.7 - 1.8 billion d. 17 - 18 billion 269. 10. ICBN codes for? a. International code for Botanical Nomenclature b. International code for Binomial Nomenclature c. International code for Botanimal Naming d. International code for Binomial Naming 270. 11. ICZN codes for: a. International code of zoological Nomenclature b. International code for zoological Naming c. International coding for zoological Nomenclature d. Inbreeding code for zoological Nomenclature 271. 12. Linnaeus used the title for his publication is? a. Systema Naturae b. Genera Naturae c. Altis vortex d. Die Nature lichen pflanzen 272. 13. The science of giving names to living beings called a. Nomenclature b. Identification c. Classification d. Characterization 273. 14. Select the correctly written botanical/ zoological name a. Panthera tigris b. Mangifera indica c. Sativum pisum d. Homo sapiens 274. 15. Biological names, when hand written, should necessary be: a. Underlined b. Bold (antics) c. In capital letter d. Italics 275. 16. In binomial nomenclature, the first and second components represent: a. Genus and species b. Genus and class c. Species and genus d. Kingdom and class 276. 17. The main purpose of classification of organisms is to a. Study geography b. Locate plants and animals c. Establish relationships amongst organisms d. Study evolution 277. 18. First book of Botany, Historia Plantarum, was given by: a. Theoprastus b. A. P. de Condolle c. Aristotle d. None of these 278. 19. The word systematics is derived from a. Greek word systema b. Italic word systema c. Latin word systema d. English word systema 279. 20. In Mangifera indica Linn. indica refers to a. Genus b. Author

c. Family d. Species 280. 21. Term biology was introduced by: d a. Aristotle b. Darwin c. John Ray d. Lamarck and Treviranus 281. 22. Improvement of human race through improvement of human b environment is: a. Anthropology b. Euthenics c. Euphenics d. Eugenics 282. 23. Edaphology is: a a. Study of soils b. Study of amphibians c. Study of snakes d. Study of elephants 283. 24. As we go lower from kingdom to species the number of common a characteristics goes on a. Increasing b. Remain unchanged c. Decreasing d. Sometimes decreasing 284. 25. A prediction made by a scientist based on his observation is d known as: a. Law b. Principle c. Theory d. Hypothesis 285. 26. The simplest amino acid is: d a. Aspartic acid b. Tyrosine c. Lysine d. Glycine 286. 27. Glucose in taken in test tube and acted upon by hexokinase c enzyme. Resulting substrate is glucose - 6 - phosphate. This isolated metabolic reaction is: a. Occurring in test tube which can be considered as living b. Considered to be in vivo c. Considered to be in vitro and living reaction. d. Considered as non-living reaction 287. 28. Basis of Taxonomy are: a a. Identification - Characterization - Classification - Nomenclature b. Characterization - Identification - Classification - Nomenclature c. Classification - Characterization - Identification - Nomenclature d. Nomenclature - Classification - Identification – characterization 288. 29. The scientific name of banyan is written as Ficus bengalensis L. c which of the following is a correct statement regarding this? a. Letter L signifies Latin language. b. The name should be reverse with bengalensis preceding Ficus c. Letter L signifies taxonomist Linnaeus d. Bengalensis is generic name 289. Taxonomic Categories [NCERT Pg 8-11] a 30. Systematics takes accounts: a. Evolutionary relationship between organisms. b. Breeding relationship between organisms. c. Economic relationship between organisms. d. None of these 290. 31. Taxon represents: a a. Rank in classification b. Basic unit of classification c. Both of these d. None of these 291. 32. In taxonomy the first step is: a a. Identification b. Nomenclature c. Classification d. Affinities 292. 33. Term classification was given by: a a. A.P de Condolle b. Norman E. Borloug c. Tansley d. None of these

293. 34. Which of the following taxonomic categories contains organisms c least similar to one another? a Genera b. Family c. Class d. Species 294. 35. Which of the following combinations is correct for wheat? d a. Genus : Triticum, Family : Anacardiaceae, Order : Poales, Class : Monocotyledonae b. Genus : Triticum, Family : Poaceae, Order : Poales, Class : Dicotyledonae c. Genus : Triticum, Family : Poaceae, Order : Sapindales, Class : Monocotyledonae d. Genus : Triticum, Family : Poaceae, Order : Poales, Class : Monocotyledonae 295. 36. The suffix – inae signifies the rank: b a. Tribe b. Subtribe c. Suborder d. Family 296. 37. Species living in different geographical areas are called: b a. Allochronic b. Allopatric c. Sympatric d. Siblings 297. 38. Determination of age by counting growth rings falls under: d a. Chorology b. Chronology c. Dendrology d. Dendrochronology 298. 39. What is ethnobotany? c a. Cultivation of flower yielding plants b. Use of plants and their parts c. Relationship between plants and primitive people d. Study of soil 299. 40. The timing of seasonal activity of plants in relation to change in b environmental conditions is termed as: a. Dendrochronology b. Phenology c. Time lapse d. Biological clock 300. 41. In a scientific name, the name of the author is printed in d a. Capital letters b. Bold ( antics) c. Italics d. Roman 301. 42. Few rules are written following regarding binomial b nomenclature. Identity the wrong one: a. Biological names are latinized and written in italics b. Generic and specific name starts with capital letter c. Generic and specific name when hand written are underlined d. All are correct 302. 43. Identity the incorrect statement: b a. Class like Mammalia is involved in phylum Chordata b. Order like Insecta is involved in class Mandibulate c. Genus like Panthera is involved in family Felidae. d. Order like Primata is involved in class Mammalia 303. 44. Which is not the component of taxonomy? b a. Identification b. Responsiveness c. Nomenclature d. Classification 304. 45. Taxonomic hierachy is given following; select the correct match: b 305. Species [NCERT Pg 9] d 46. Which of the following is a species?

a. Tamarindus b. Homo c. Triticum aestivam d. Indica 306. 47. Which is less general in characters as compared to genus? d a a. Family b. Class a c. Division d. Species d d 307. 48. Species is considered: d a a. As basic unit of classification b b b. The largest unit of classification d c. Artificial concept of human mind which cannot be defined in a absolute terms b c d. Real unit of classification devised by taxonomists d a 308. Genus [NCERT Pg 9] 49. Genera Plantarum was given by: a. Bentham Hooker b. Engler & Prantl c. A.P de Condole d. None of these 309. 50. Linnaeus put similar species into a larger group called the a. Species b. Family c. Kingdom d. Genus 310. 51. In a taxonomic hierarchy, genus is interpolated between a. Kingdom and class b. Phylum and order c. Order and species d. Family and species 311. 52. The taxonomic category below the level of family is a. Class b. Species c. Phylum d. Genus 312. Family [NCERT Pg 9] 53. Die naturlichen pflanzenfamilien was given by. a. Engler & Prantl b. Lamarck c. Curier d. None of these 313. 54. Olericulture is cultivation of: a. Flowers b. Vegetables c. Fruits d. All the above 314. 55. Family and order of Triticum aestivum (wheat) are a. Poaceae, Monocotyledonae b. Poaceae, Poales c. Poales, Monocotyledonae d. None is correct 315. 56. Family - order - class of Musca domestica (Housefly) are respectively: a. Muscidae - Insecta - Hymenoptera b. Muscidae - Diptera - Mandibulata c. Hymenoptera - Insecta - Mandibuleta d. Muscidae - Diptera – Insecta 316. 57. Family of man (Homo sapiens) is: a. Hominidae b. Hominini c. Primata d. Ceboideae 317. 58. The word ending with - aceae indicates: a. Genera b. Family c. Order d. Class 318. 59. In a taxonomic hierarchy, family is interpolated between: a. Kingdom and class b. Class and order c. Order and genus d. Class and genus 319. 60. Cohort is a group of correlated: a. Order b. Species c. Genera d. Families 320. Order [NCERT Pg 10]

61. Order polyemoniales include a. Convolvulaceae b. Solanaceae c. Both of this d. None of these 321. 62. Carnivora includes c b a. Canis b. Felis b a c. Both of these d. None of these a c 322. 63. Order polyemoniales based on a b a. Reproductive character b. Floral character a b c. Evolutionary character d. None of these b 323. 64. Poales is the order of a a a. Mango b. Wheat a c c. Maize d. Corn a 324. 65. Sapindales is the order of a. Mango b. Maize c. Wheat d. Corn 325. 66. When organisms are in the same class but not in same family, the taxonomic term is called as: a. Order b. Genus c. Family d. Species 326. 67. The category that includes related order is a. Families b. Phylum c. Class d. Kingdom 327. Phylum [NCERT Pg 10] 68. Term phylum was given by: a. Haeckel b. H. J. Lam c. Eichler d. Linnaeus 328. 69. Which of the following categories possess least number of related characters? a. Order b. Phylum c. Class d. Species 329. 70. Two animals belong to the same kingdom but different classes. They may belong to the same a. Phylum b. Order c. Division d. Family 330. Taxonomical Aids [NCERT Pg 11-14] 71. Father of Indian Taxonomy: a. Ajay phadke b. Henry Santapau c. Har Govind Khorana d. Chanukah 331. 72. The term taxon for plants coined by a. Curier b. Adolf Meyer c. H.J Lam d. DeCandolle 332. Herbarium [NCERT Pg 11-12] 73. Largest Herbarium in the world situated in a. Kew b. L.A. c. Johannesburg d. Brazil 333. 74. Herbarium sheet size? a. 29 * 41.5 cm b. 29 * 40 cm c. 30 * 20 cm d. 20 * 20 cm 334. 75. Pesticide used in the Herbarium is: a. 2 , 4 - D b. NAA c. CS2 d. HgCl2 335. 76. Employment of hereditary principles in the improvement of human race is: a. Ethnology b. Euphenics c. Eugenics d. Euthenics 336. Botanical Garden and Museum [NCERT Pg 12] 77. Insects are preserved in insect boxes after:

a. Collecting - Killing - Pinning b. Killing - Collecting - Pinning c. Killing - Pinning - Collecting d. None of these 337. 78. Royal Botanical Garden consists of how many specimens? a c a. 6.5 millions b. 6 millions b c. 6.5 billions d. 6.5 trillions d d 338. 79. Plant species in botanical gardens are labeled to indicate a b a. English and local name d b. Collectors name a b c. Botanical name and family a d. Family and place of collection b b 339. 80. Father of Botany: d c a. Aristotle b. Theophrastus c. Lamark d. Whittaker 340. 81. National Botanical Research Institute located in: a. Chennai b. Lucknow c. Darjeeling d. Kolkata 341. 82. Rearing of bees is: a. Horticulture b. Sericulture c. Silviculture d. Apiculture 342. 83. The collection of preserved plants and animals for study and reference is called: a. Museum b. Keys c. Herbarium d. Flora 343. 84. In museums, larger animals like birds and mammals are: a. Collected, killed and pinned b. Stuffed and preserved c. Preserved in natural habitat d. Both (a) and (b) 344. 85. Museums are known to preserve: a. Insects b. Larger animals c. Skeleton of animals d. All of these 345. Zoological Parks [NCERT Pg 13] 86. First book of Zoology Historia animalicum was given by: a. Aristotle b. Theophrastus c. Carl woese d. Alberto del rio 346. 87. Father of zoology: a. Theophrastus b. Aristotle c. Carl correns d. Von – Tschemark 347. 88. Not applicable to zoological parks: a. In vivo mode of conservation b. Wild animals are kept under human care c. Wild animals are kept in separate enclosures d. All are true 348. Key [NCERT Pg 13] 89. Each statement in key is called a. Couplet b. Lead c. Principle d. None of these 349. 90. Which of the following provide information of any one taxon? a. Manuals b. Monograph c. Flora d. Fauna 350. 91. Providing information for identification of names of species found in an area a. Fauna b. Flora c. Monograph d. Manuals 351. Fact Based Round

1. Herbarium is: 1. (c) NCERT (XI) Ch - 1, Pg. 11 a. A garden where medicinal plants are grown b. Garden where herbaceous plants are grown c. Dry garden d. Chemical to kill plants 352. 2. Which one of the following branch is applicable to both plants and C 2. (c) Herpetology: study of amphibians. animals? Saurology: study of lizards. a. Herpetology b. Saurology Ichthyology: study of fish science. c. Taxonomy d. Ichthyology Taxonomy: Classification of animals and plants. 353. 3. For higher plants, flowers are chiefly used as a basis of c 3. (c) The reproductive structures of flowering plants classification, because: are subjected to a much lesser degree of evolutionary a. These show a great variety in colour pressure while vegetative characters such as structure, b. It can be preserved easily size or shape of leaves are often environmentally c. Reproductive parts are more conservative than vegetative parts controlled and extremely variable within a genus or d. They have strong fragrance species. 354. 4. Which of the following species are restricted to a given area? d 4. (d) Endemic species are plants and animals that exist a. Sympatric species b. Allopatric species in a defined geographical location. c. Sibling species d. Endemic species 355. 5. The most convenient way for easy identification ofplants and d 5. (d) NCERT (XI) Ch - 1, Pg. 13 animals by applying diagnostic feature is use of Key is another taxonomical aid used for identification of a. Herbarium b. Botanical gardens plants and animals based on the similarities and c. Museum d. Taxonomic keys dissimilarities. The keys are based on the contrasting characters generally in a pair called couplet. Keys are generally analytical in nature. 356. 6. Classification systems have many advantages. Which of the a 6. (a) The goals of classification includes recognition following is not a goal of biological classification? and complete description of different species; a. To depict convergent evolution development of a system for easy identification of b. To clarify relationships among organisms various species; to establish relationships on the basis of c. To help us remember organisms and their traits resemblance and differences between organisms; and d. To identify and name organisms formulating a scheme of hierarchical grouping of species. 357. Combination Round b 7. Read the following and choose the correct combinations: a. A-3 B-5 C-2 D-4 E-1 a b. A-3 B-5 C-1 D-4 E-2 c. A-1 B-3 C-5 D-2 E-4 d. A-4 B-2 C-5 D-1 E-4 358. 8. Read the following and choose the correct combinations: a. A-3 B-1 C-4 D-2 a b. A-2 B-1 C-4 D-3 c. A-3 B-1 C-2 D-4 d. A-1 B-3 C-4 D-4 359. 9. Read the following and choose the correct combinations:

a. All correct b. One c. 1 & 2 d. Except two 360. 10. Match the columns and find out the correct combination: b a. A-4 B-3 C-1 D-2 a b. A-3 B-4 C-5 D-2 c. A-1 B-2 C-3 D-4 d. A-2 B-1 C-4 D-3 361. 11. Match the columns and find out the correct combination: a. A-5 B-4 C-2 D-1 a b. A-4 B-5 C-3 D-2 c. A-1 B-2 C-3 D-4 d. A-3 B-2 C-4 D-5 362. 12. Match the columns and find out the correct combination: a. A-5 B-4 C-1 D-3 b. A-4 B-2 C-3 D-1 c. A-1 B-3 C-2 D-4 d. A-3 B-1 C-4 D-2 363. Conceptual Round d 13. (d) NCERT (XI) Ch - 1, Pg. 10 13. Choose the correct statements from following: A. Taxonomic hierarchy includes seven obligate categories. B. Haeckel introduced the taxon phylum. C. Three - domain classification was introduced by Carl Woese. a. A & B b. B & C c. A & C d. All 364. 14. Read the following statements and identify the correct d 14. (d) NCERT (XI) Ch - 1, Pg. 6 statements: A. Biodiversity refers to the number and types of organisms present on earth. B. The local names would vary from place to place, even within a country. C. The number of species that are known and described range between 1.7-1.8 million.

D. International Code for Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN) provides scientific names for plants E. Nomenclature or naming is only possible when the organism is described correctly. a. A and B only b. A, B and C only c. A, D and C only d. All of these 365. 15. Incorrect statement is: d 15. (d) Category denotes rank and each rank or taxon a. Naming is only possible when the organism is described correctly. represents a unit of classification. These taxonomic b. Scientific names are based on the principles and criteria provided categories are distinct biological entities and not merely in ICBN. morphological aggregates. c. Description of any organism should enable the people (in any part of the world) to arrive at the same name. d. Category denotes rank, and these categories or ranks are merely morphological aggregates. 366. 16. Incorrect statement are: d 16. (d) NCERT (XI) Ch - 1, Pg. 4, 5 & 7 A. Animals, mammals, dogs, alsatians represent taxa at different levels. B. Phenotypic plasticity is the ability of an organism to change its phenotype in response to environment. C. Nomenclature is only possible when the organism is described correctly. D. In animals, growth is seen only up to a certain age. E. Non-living objects also grow if we take increase in body mass as a criteria of growth. F. Human being is the only organism who is aware of himself. a. C b. B c. A d. Zero 367. 17. Read the following statements. b 17. (b) Statement A and C are incorrect. An isolated A. Isolated-metabolic reactions in-vitro are living things. metabolic reaction(s) outside the body of an organism, B. Reproduction is synonymous with growth in Chlamydomonas. performed in a test tube is neither living nor non-living. C. Reproduction is an all inclusive defining characteristic of living Reproduction also cannot be an all-inclusive defining organisms. characteristic of living organisms. D. Extrinsic growth cannot be taken as defining property of living organisms. How many of the above statement (s) is/are not true? a. One b. Two c. Three d. Four 368. 18. Consider the following statements and select correct set of c 18. (c) NCERT (XI) Ch - 1, Pg. 4 & 12 option. A. The most obvious and technically complicated features are metabolism and consciousness. B. Growth and reproduction are mutually inclusive events for euglenoids and chrysophytes. C. Generally, families and orders are identified on the basis of aggregates of vegetative characters only. D. Herbarium serves as quick referral system in taxonomical studies. a. B, C & D b. A, C & D c. B & D d. A, B, C & D 369. 19. Read the following statements. d 19. (d) NCERT (XI) Ch - 1, Pg. 9 & 14 A. Manuals are useful in providing information for identification of names of species found in an area. B. Potato and brinjal are related species, which has more characters in common in comparison to shimla mirch. C. CO2 dissolving in water, a physical process, is a catalysed reaction in living systems. D. The ribosomes of polysome translate the mRNA into multiple copies of the same protein. a. A and C are correct b. Only B correct

c. B incorrect d. All are correct 370. NCERT Exemplar A 1. (a) Lower the taxa, more are the characteristic that the members within the taxon share. So, lowest taxon Problems share the maximum number of morphological similarities, while its similarities decrease as we move 1. As we go from species to kingdom in a taxonomic hierarchy, the towards the higher hierarchy, i.e., class, kingdom. Thus, rest of the option are incorrect. number of common characteristics: c a. Will decrease b. Will increase C 3. (c) The word systematics is derived from Latin word ‘Systema’ which means systematic arrangement of c. Remain same d. May increase or decrease organisms. 371. 2. Which of the following ‘suffixes’ used for units of classification in c 4. (c) Genus comprises a group of closely related species which has more characters in common in comparison to plants indicates a taxonomic category of ‘family’? species of other genera. The other options do not define genus. a. — Ales b. — Onae c 5. (c) Division includes classes with few similar c. — Aceae d. — Ae characters of group of organism. It is equivalent to ‘Phylum’ in case of animals. 372. 3. The term ‘systematics’ refers to: c 6. (c) Botanical gardens and Zoological parks are used to a. Identification and study of organ systems restore depleted population, reintroduce species, i.e., wild and restore degraded habitats of both exotic and b. Identification and preservation of plants and animals endemic living species. Rest of the options are incorrect. c. Diversity of kinds of organisms and their relationship d. Study of habitats of organisms and, their classification 373. 4. Genus represents: a. An individual plant or animal b. A collection of plants or animals c. Group of closely related species of plants or animals d. A group of plants in a given area. 374. 5. The taxonomic unit ‘Phylum’ in the classification of animals is equivalent to which hierarchical level in classification of plants: a. Class b. Order c. Division d. Family 375. 6. Botanical gardens and Zoological parks have: a. Collection of endemic living species only b. Collection of exotic living species only c. Collection of endemic and exotic living species d. Collection of only local plants and animals 376. 7. Taxonomic key is one of the taxonomic tools in the identification C 7. (c) Taxonomic keys are tools that help in and classification of plants and animals. It is used in the preparation identification of organism based on the characters, which of: includes both monograph and flora. a. Monographs b. Flora c. Both (a) and (b) d. None of these 377. 8. All living organisms are linked to one another because: b 8. (b) All living organisms share common genetic a. They have common genetic material of the same type material, i.e., DNA but with variations, e.g., bacteria have b. They share common genetic material but to varying degrees single stranded circular DNA while in highly evolved c. All have common cellular organization eukaryotic cells of plants and animals, DNA is a long d. All of the above double stranded helix. 378. 9. Which of the following is a defining characteristic of living D 9. (d) Response to external stimuli or to the organisms? environment in which an organism lives, is the most a. Growth b. Ability to make sound important characteristic of any living organism, besides c. Reproduction d. Response to external stimuli growth and reproduction. Growth and ability to make sound are some properties that can also be observed in non-living things. While virus (which 379. 10. Match the following and choose the correct option. B

a. A-4 B-3 C-5 D-2 E-1 b. A-5 B-4 C-2 D-1 E-3 c. A-4 B-5 C-2 D-1 E-3 d. A-5 B-3 C-2 D-1 E-4 380. Past Year Questions b 1. (b) The herbarium sheets carry a label providing 1. The label of a herbarium sheet does not carry information information about date and place of collection, English, on: local and botanical names, family, collector’s name, etc a. Local names b. Height of the plant c. Date of collection d. Name of collector 381. 2. Biodiversity of a geographical region represents: d 2. (d) Biodiversity represents total number of species a. Genetic diversity present in the dominant species of the region present on earth. There are approximately 1.7-1.8 million b. Species endemic to the region species present on earth. c. Endangered species found in the region d. The diversity in the organisms living in the region 382. 3. A living organism can be unexceptionally differentiated from a a 3. (a) All living things reproduce passing on traits from non-living thing on the basis of its ability for: one generation to next. Non – living things cannot a. Reproduction reproduce. b. Growth and movement c. Responsiveness to touch d. Interaction with environment and progressive evolution 383. 4. Biosystamatics aims at: C 4. (c) NCERT (XI) Ch - 1, Pg. 8 a. The classification of organisms based on broad morphological characters. b. Delimiting various taxa of organisms and establishing their relationships. c. The classification of organisms based on their evolutionary history and establishing their phylogeny on the totality of various parameters from all fields of studies. d. Identification and arrangement of organisms on the basis of their cytological characteristics. 384. 5. First life on earth was: b 5. (b) First living beings were formed in the a. Cyanobacteria b. Chemohetrotrophs environment having abundant organic molecules. They c. Autotrophs d. Photoautotrophs absorbed the organic materials for the sake of nutrition and hence were chemoheterotrophs. 385. 6. Viable material of endangered species can be A 6. (a) Gene bank maintains stocks of viable seeds (seed preserved by: banks), live growing plants (orchards), tissue culture and a. Gene bank b. Gene library frozen germplasm with the whole range of genetic c. Herbarium d. Gene pool variability. 386. 7. Which arrangement is in correct ascending order? D 7. (d) NCERT (XI) Ch - 1, Pg. 10 a. Species < genus < order < family b. Genus < species < family < order c. Order < family < genus < species d. Species < genus < family < order 387. 8. ‘Taxon’ is the unit of a group of: b 8. (b) Taxon is a taxonomic group of any rank. a. Order b. Taxonomy c. Species d. Genes 388. 9. Sequence of taxonomic categories is: c 9. (c) To make taxonomic position of a species more a. Class-phylum-tribe-order-family-genus-species precise, the various obligate categories in hierarchical b. Division-class-family-tribe-order-genus-species classification are explained. The correct sequence is: c. Division-class-order-family-tribe-genus-species Division → Class → Order → Family → Genus → d. Phylum-order-class-tribe-family-genus-species Species 389. 10. The high boiling point of water is advantageous to living b 10. (b) This is one of the reason for organisms being organisms because homeostatic (constant body temperature). a. The environment seldom reaches the boiling point of water. b. Organisms can easily boil off enough water to keep themselves cool. c. It allows organisms to spread heat evenly throughout their bodies.

d. Organisms can absorb a great deal of heat before they reach the boiling point from organisms and population. 390. 11. A group of plants or animals with similar traits of any rank is: d 11. (d) NCERT (XI) Ch - 1, Pg. 8 a. Species b. Genus C 12. (c) The term ‘New Systematics’ was given by Julian Huxley (1940). Characters of plants collected through c. Order d. Taxon different branches of science are considered, e.g., ecology, physiology, biochemistry, cytology, genetics, etc. 391. 12. The term “New Systematics” was introduced by: B 13. (b) Carolus Linnaeus introduced Binomial System of Nomenclature in his book Species Plantarum (1753). He a. Bentham and Hooker b. Linnaeus said that there can be variation within species, but they do not change from one species to another. c. Julian Huxley d. A. P. de Candolle 392. 13. Static concept of species was put forward by: a. de Candolle b. Linnaeus c. Mayr d. Darwin