Võ Nguyên Giáp

["V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p m\u00e3i v\u0129nh h\u1eb1ng trong l\u00f2ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta V\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 d\u00e2ng h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 s\u00e1ch b\u00ean m\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ea1i V\u0169ng Ch\u00f9a, s\u00e1ng 25\/8\/2019 151","T\u00f4 Ph\u1ea1m Ph\u00fa Xuy\u00ean H\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e1c \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m vi\u1ebfng m\u1ed9 B\u00e1c t\u1ea1i V\u0169ng Ch\u00f9a 152","V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p NH\u1eeeNG B\u1ee8C \u1ea2NH QU\u00dd C\u1ee6A NGUY\u1ec4N \u0110\u00ccNH TO\u00c1N V\u1ec0 \u0110\u1ea0I T\u01af\u1edaNG V\u00d5 NGUY\u00caN GI\u00c1P \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p v\u00e0 Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc Phan Huy L\u00ea 153","T\u00f4 Ph\u1ea1m Ph\u00fa Xuy\u00ean C\u1ed1 \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p gi\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m cho ng\u00e0nh S\u1eed h\u1ecdc S\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt L\u1ecbch s\u1eed nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p, GS Phan Huy L\u00ea v\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc D\u01b0\u01a1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c 154","V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Gi\u00e0u ng\u00e0y 31\/12\/1996 \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p th\u0103m nh\u1ea1c s\u1ef9 V\u0103n Cao t\u1ebft Nh\u00e2m Th\u00e2n 1992 155","T\u00f4 Ph\u1ea1m Ph\u00fa Xuy\u00ean \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng Chu Huy M\u00e2n t\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1eddng Ba \u0110\u00ecnh ng\u00e0y 12\/11\/2002 \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean T\u1ed5ng b\u00ed th\u01b0 L\u00ea Kh\u1ea3 Phi\u00eau 156","V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p H\u1ed9i nh\u00e0 v\u0103n Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u0103m \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u00e2n d\u1ecbp k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m 50 n\u0103m chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean Ph\u1ee7 (6\/5\/2004) M\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc c\u1ee7a c\u1ed1 \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1edbi nh\u1ea1c s\u1ef9 Ph\u00f3 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ef9 kh\u00e1c 157","T\u00f4 Ph\u1ea1m Ph\u00fa Xuy\u00ean \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0110\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p v\u1edbi ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ef9 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n \u0110\u00e0o Tr\u1ecdng Kh\u00e1nh (28\/5\/2001) 158","V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f9ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng n\u1eef V\u00f5 H\u1ed3ng Anh ti\u1ebfp c\u00e1c ph\u00f3ng vi\u00ean Ho\u00e0ng H\u1ea3i V\u0103n, L\u01b0\u01a1ng Ng\u1ecdc B\u00edch \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f9ng T\u01b0 l\u1ec7nh \u0110\u1ed3ng S\u1ef9 Nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh \u1ee7y \u0110o\u00e0n 559 \u0110\u1eb7ng T\u00ednh n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t l\u00e1n r\u1eebng Tr\u01b0\u1eddng S\u01a1n (3\/1973) 159","T\u00f4 Ph\u1ea1m Ph\u00fa Xuy\u00ean \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh c\u00f9ng T\u1ed5ng b\u00ed th\u01b0 \u0110CS Li\u00ean X\u00f4 Leonid Brezhnev v\u00e0 Nguy\u00ean so\u00e1i Dmitriy Ustinov \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch Fidel Castro trong chuy\u1ebfn th\u0103m Cu ba 160","V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p NH\u1eeeNG C\u00c2U N\u00d3I B\u1ea4T H\u1ee6 C\u1ee6A \u0110\u1ea0I T\u01af\u1edaNG V\u00d5 NGUY\u00caN GI\u00c1P Trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ea7m qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 gi\u00e0nh th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i trong hai cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh l\u1edbn, \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2u n\u00f3i b\u1ea5t h\u1ee7. Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1946, khi cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecfi V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p, t\u00e2n B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng (thay th\u1ebf lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 Phan Anh), ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0m T\u1ed5ng ch\u1ec9 huy Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0 D\u00e2n qu\u00e2n t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7: \u201cN\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ecbch m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn tranh tr\u00ean mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i c\u00f3 161","T\u00f4 Ph\u1ea1m Ph\u00fa Xuy\u00ean th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao l\u00e2u?\u201d. B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Gi\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 tin tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: \u201cC\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng!\u201d. V\u1edbi n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a trung \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam non tr\u1ebb \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea7m ch\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Ph\u00e1p t\u1edbi hai th\u00e1ng t\u1ea1i th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u00ed m\u1eadt r\u00fat kh\u1ecfi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u1edbi 9 n\u0103m. N\u0103m 1950, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi m\u1edf chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch Bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p, khi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 mang qu\u00e2n h\u00e0m \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 kh\u1ea9u l\u00e0 th\u1ecb x\u00e3 Cao B\u1eb1ng hay kh\u00f4ng. \u00d4ng vi\u1ebft trong h\u1ed3i k\u00fd: \u201cTrong t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng Kh\u00ea\u201d. Sau khi qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e1nh \u0110\u00f4ng Kh\u00ea, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p t\u1eeb Cao B\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n k\u00e9o sang ph\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i. Hai binh \u0111o\u00e0n Le Page v\u00e0 Charton b\u1ecb ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 tuy\u1ebfn bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Trung t\u1eeb Cao B\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u00ecnh L\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng. Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda giao l\u01b0u v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1ed1i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 to l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o d\u1eabn t\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean 4 n\u0103m sau \u0111\u00f3. 162","V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p Trong chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean, \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng, T\u1ed5ng t\u01b0 l\u1ec7nh V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 quan tr\u1ecdng, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n cho qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2m \u201c\u0111\u00e1nh nhanh, th\u1eafng nhanh\u201d sang \u201c\u0111\u00e1nh ch\u1eafc, ti\u1ebfn ch\u1eafc\u201d. Sau nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00eam th\u1ee9c tr\u1eafng tr\u0103n tr\u1edf, t\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111o\u00e0n c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Trung Qu\u1ed1c Vi Qu\u1ed1c Thanh s\u00e1ng 26\/1\/1954, \u0111\u00fang ng\u00e0y d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn m\u1edf m\u00e0n chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch, T\u01b0\u1edbng Gi\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i: \u201c\u00dd \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 ra l\u1ec7nh ho\u00e3n cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ngay chi\u1ec1u h\u00f4m nay, thu qu\u00e2n v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u1eadp k\u1ebft, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb l\u1ea1i theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2m \u201c\u0111\u00e1nh ch\u1eafc, ti\u1ebfn ch\u1eafc\u2019\u201d. Sau khi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng Vi Qu\u1ed1c Thanh, t\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb \u0110\u1ea3ng \u1ee7y m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn di\u1ec5n ra sau \u0111\u00f3, T\u01b0\u1edbng Gi\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 c\u00e2u k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn l\u1ecbch s\u1eed: \u201c\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc cao nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh ch\u1eafc th\u1eafng, c\u1ea7n chuy\u1ec3n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2m ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ecbch t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e1nh nhanh th\u1eafng nhanh sang \u0111\u00e1nh ch\u1eafc ti\u1ebfn ch\u1eafc. Nay quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u00e3n cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng. Ra l\u1ec7nh cho b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i tr\u00ean to\u00e0n tuy\u1ebfn 163","T\u00f4 Ph\u1ea1m Ph\u00fa Xuy\u00ean lui v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1eadp k\u1ebft, v\u00e0 k\u00e9o ph\u00e1o ra. C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh m\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh lui qu\u00e2n nh\u01b0 m\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u. H\u1eadu c\u1ea7n chuy\u1ec3n sang chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2m m\u1edbi\u201d. V\u1ec1 sau, trong h\u1ed3i \u1ee9c \u201c\u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean Ph\u1ee7, \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u1eb9n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed\u201d, t\u01b0\u1edbng Gi\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ed5 l\u1ed9: \u201cNg\u00e0y h\u00f4m \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n nh\u1ea5t trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 huy c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh!\u201d. \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u1ec1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u00e0y, t\u01b0\u1edbng L\u00ea Tr\u1ecdng T\u1ea5n, trong d\u1ecbp k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m 10 n\u0103m chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean, n\u00f3i: \u201cN\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh chuy\u1ec3n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2m ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9\u201d. C\u00f2n t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u1eeba V\u0169 nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t: \u201cN\u1ebfu theo c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1nh c\u0169, th\u00ec cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u00eam t\u1edbi 10 n\u0103m\u201d. \u0110\u00e1nh th\u1eafng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p, \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p c\u00f9ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i l\u00e2u, m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c b\u1eaft tay v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i M\u1ef9, \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n khi t\u01b0\u1edbng Gi\u00e1p \u0111\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean. 164","V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p N\u0103m 1972, trong m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng vang \u0111\u1ed9i kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam tr\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed9c t\u1eadp k\u00edch chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i M\u1ef9 v\u00e0o H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ed nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn \u201c\u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean Ph\u1ee7 tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng\u201d, t\u01b0\u1edbng Gi\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng t\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ph\u00f2ng kh\u00f4ng H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i: \u201cC\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. To\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. T\u1eebng gi\u1edd t\u1eebng ph\u00fat, B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 Qu\u00e2n \u1ee7y trung \u01b0\u01a1ng theo d\u00f5i cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. V\u1eadn m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang n\u1eb1m trong tay c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 ph\u00f2ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i\u201d. Sau khi qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u1edbng Gi\u00e1p gi\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng tr\u00ean b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i k\u00fd hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh Paris, r\u00fat qu\u00e2n kh\u1ecfi Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u1ea1o ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 cho nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u1edbng Gi\u00e1p. Trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y cu\u1ed1i cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, T\u01b0\u1edbng Gi\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 cho \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111i b\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed g\u1eedi c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb tham gia chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n Nam, s\u00e1ng 7\/4\/1975: \u201cTh\u1ea7n t\u1ed1c, th\u1ea7n t\u1ed1c h\u01a1n n\u1eefa; t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o, t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o h\u01a1n n\u1eefa; tranh th\u1ee7 t\u1eebng ph\u00fat, t\u1eebng gi\u1edd; x\u1ed1c t\u1edbi m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn; gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n Nam. Quy\u1ebft chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 to\u00e0n th\u1eafng!\u201d 165","T\u00f4 Ph\u1ea1m Ph\u00fa Xuy\u00ean K\u1ebft th\u00fac hai cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh, khi nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn l\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng Navarre, t\u01b0\u1edbng Gi\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o, \u0111\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p Dan- iel Roussel: \u201cNavarre l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f3 t\u00e0i, thua tr\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn\u201d. Trong cu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9, c\u1ef1u B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng M\u1ef9 McNamara n\u0103m 1995, t\u01b0\u1edbng Gi\u00e1p c\u0169ng c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2u n\u00f3i r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng nh\u1edb nh\u01b0: \u201cM\u1ef9 x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 sai l\u1ea7m. M\u1ef9 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d, \u201cCh\u00fang t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd th\u1eafng ngay t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean\u201d, hay \u201cT\u1eeb \u2018lo s\u1ee3\u2019 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 trong t\u01b0 duy qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i\u201d. \u0110\u00e1p l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi ca t\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a b\u00e1o ch\u00ed ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, \u00f4ng n\u00f3i: \u201cV\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbng d\u00f9 c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng lao l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc trong bi\u1ec3n c\u1ea3. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1eafng M\u1ef9. C\u00e1c ng\u00e0i g\u1ecdi t\u00f4i l\u00e0 v\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i t\u1ef1 ngh\u0129 t\u00f4i b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh\u201d. Nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 trao cho 166","V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p m\u00ecnh c\u1ea5p h\u00e0m \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n T\u1ed5ng ch\u1ec9 huy qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, trong h\u1ed3i k\u00fd c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, T\u01b0\u1edbng Gi\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft: \u201cH\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh l\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed\u201d. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o, nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc, t\u01b0\u1edbng Gi\u00e1p lu\u00f4n quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 tr\u1ebb. Ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u t\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Ban ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh H\u1ed9i khoa h\u1ecdc l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 3, kh\u00f3a III n\u0103m 1996 v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch danh d\u1ef1 h\u1ed9i, \u00f4ng tr\u0103n tr\u1edf: \u201cT\u00f4i v\u1eabn c\u00f2n c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u0103n kho\u0103n v\u00e0 h\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u1eefa l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 lo l\u1eafng, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00ec sao ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c l\u1ecbch s\u1eed l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong qu\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1i qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang, nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi tr\u1ebb?\u201d. N\u00f3i v\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7m qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, T\u01b0\u1edbng Gi\u00e1p th\u1ed5 l\u1ed9: \u201cH\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7m qu\u00e2n l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf b\u00ean chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ecdn \u0111\u1eddi v\u00ec \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00ec nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fac m\u1eebng nh\u00e2n d\u1ecbp b\u01b0\u1edbc sang tu\u1ed5i 100, t\u01b0\u1edbng Gi\u00e1p n\u00f3i: \u201cT\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 v\u00ec \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3\u201d. Theo b\u00e1o VnEpress 167","T\u00f4 Ph\u1ea1m Ph\u00fa Xuy\u00ean B\u00c1O CH\u00cd TH\u1ebe GI\u1edaI CA NG\u1ee2I \u0110\u1ea0I T\u01af\u1edaNG V\u00d5 NGUY\u00caN GI\u00c1P (Bqp.vn) - Ngay sau khi c\u00f3 tin \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p t\u1eeb tr\u1ea7n ng\u00e0y 4\/10\/2013, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u0103ng t\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y c\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng tin, b\u00e0i, \u1ea3nh ca ng\u1ee3i cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng. T\u1ea1i M\u1ef9, v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec1 \u201cV\u1ecb T\u01b0\u1edbng huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p qua \u0111\u1eddi \u1edf tu\u1ed5i 103\u201d, h\u00e3ng tin AP m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 huy qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 t\u00e0i ba, m\u1ed9t 168","V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh h\u00f9ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, m\u1ed9t \u201cNapoleon \u0110\u1ecf\u201d, \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1eafng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9. Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u1ef9 Gi\u00f4n M\u1eafc-k\u00ean (John McCain) vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean trang m\u1ea1ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n: \u201cT\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 qua \u0111\u1eddi. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c gia qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 t\u00e0i ba t\u1eebng n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb th\u00f9 danh d\u1ef1\u201d. T\u1edd Th\u1eddi b\u00e1o New York (The New York Times) m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1ea5t l\u00f4i cu\u1ed1n v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t b\u00e1t, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 uy\u00ean b\u00e1c v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t. \u00d4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng s\u1ee9c h\u00fat c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00ean tinh th\u1ea7n cho qu\u00e2n s\u1ef9, l\u00e0m b\u00f9ng ch\u00e1y trong h\u1ecd s\u1ef1 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn cho \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. T\u1ea1i Cuba, trang \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed Cubadebate, h\u00e3ng th\u00f4ng t\u1ea5n Prensa Latina v\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0i truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh Cuba \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0a tin v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p qua \u0111\u1eddi \u1edf tu\u1ed5i 103 t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u0103ng t\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng ch\u00f9m \u1ea3nh t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi anh c\u1ea3\u201d c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam. H\u00e3ng tin Prensa Latina ca ng\u1ee3i \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c gia qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 l\u1ed7i l\u1ea1c, \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 huy qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed5i th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec9nh cao l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean Ph\u1ee7 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng 169","T\u00f4 Ph\u1ea1m Ph\u00fa Xuy\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u00e0i t\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebfn tranh to\u00e0n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9. Tin \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p t\u1eeb tr\u1ea7n \u1edf tu\u1ed5i 103 v\u00e0o chi\u1ec1u 4\/10 t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e1o Anh c\u00f9ng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u0103ng t\u1ea3i. V\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec1 \u201cV\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p - ng\u01b0\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn d\u1eaft c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 M\u1ef9\u201d, b\u00e1o \u201cThe Independent\u201d tr\u00edch l\u1eddi \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: \u201cB\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0o t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00ean c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i h\u1ee9ng ch\u1ecbu th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i\u201d. B\u00e1o \u201cTelegraph\u201d g\u1ecdi \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u201cNapoleon \u0110\u1ecf\u201d. Trang \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a t\u1edd Corriere della Sera, t\u1edd b\u00e1o h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u I-ta-li-a, vi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh h\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 l\u00e0 v\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 huy qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p trong tr\u1eadn \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean Ph\u1ee7 n\u0103m 1954 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 trong c\u00e1c tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960-1970. B\u00e1o \u201cT\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c c\u00f9ng ng\u00e0y c\u00f3 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng lao to l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m y\u00eau m\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e0nh cho \u00f4ng. B\u00e0i b\u00e1o vi\u1ebft, ch\u00ednh \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 170","V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng mang t\u00ean \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00f2n H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh d\u00e0i tr\u00ean 2.000 km \u0111\u1ec3 chi vi\u1ec7n cho b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i. \u0110\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c da cam\/dioxin xu\u1ed1ng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u1eabn t\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p d\u1ecb d\u1ea1ng, khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam cho t\u1edbi ng\u00e0y nay. B\u00e1o \u201cThe Hindu\u201d c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 s\u1ed1 ra ng\u00e0y 5\/10 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean trang nh\u1ea5t tin \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p qua \u0111\u1eddi. B\u00e0i b\u00e1o vi\u1ebft: V\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbng huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p - ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 huy \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1i \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean Ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9, \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb tr\u1ea7n t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ecd 103 tu\u1ed5i. T\u01b0\u1edbng Gi\u00e1p, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 huy \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m n\u00ean chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean Ph\u1ee7, khi\u1ebfn l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u00e1p ph\u1ea3i r\u00fat kh\u1ecfi b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 thi\u00ean t\u00e0i c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 sau Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai. T\u01b0\u1edbng Gi\u00e1p n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb anh h\u00f9ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ee9ng sau Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh\u2026 B\u00e1o Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (Le Monde) c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p s\u1ed1 ra ng\u00e0y 4\/10 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u0103ng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Gi\u0103ng-Cl\u00f4-\u0111\u01a1 P\u00f4-m\u00f4n-ti (Jean- Claude Pomonti) ca ng\u1ee3i \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p l\u00e0 v\u1ecb anh h\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp Vi\u1ec7t Nam. B\u00e0i b\u00e1o vi\u1ebft: \u201cT\u00ean 171","T\u00f4 Ph\u1ea1m Ph\u00fa Xuy\u00ean tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng s\u1ebd \u0111i v\u00e0o l\u1ecbch s\u1eed nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, v\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbng duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 d\u00e1m \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9\u2026\u201d B\u00e1o Li\u00ean H\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00e0i Loan (Trung Qu\u1ed1c) ng\u00e0y 4\/10 ca ng\u1ee3i \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20, t\u1eebng d\u1eabn d\u1eaft b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1eafng tr\u1eadn \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean Ph\u1ee7, gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp cho Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cH\u00f9m x\u00e1m \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean\u201d. \u00d4ng gi\u1ecfi chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1nh du k\u00edch, n\u0103m 1954 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p, n\u0103m 1975 l\u1ea1i gi\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng trong Chi\u1ebfn tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam khi \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam do M\u1ef9 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3, th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc\u2026 (theo TTXVN) 172","V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p C\u00c1C C\u1ef0U TH\u00d9 PH\u01af\u01a0NG T\u00c2Y N\u00d3I G\u00cc V\u1ec0 T\u01af\u1edaNG GI\u00c1P? (Kienthuc.net.vn) - D\u00f9 t\u1eebng l\u00e0 k\u1ebb th\u00f9 tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng Vi\u1ec7t Nam, c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u0129nh cao c\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 M\u1ef9 v\u1eabn th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 k\u00ednh ph\u1ee5c s\u00e2u s\u1eafc d\u00e0nh cho T\u01b0\u1edbng Gi\u00e1p John McCain: T\u01b0\u1edbng Gi\u00e1p l\u00e0 \u201cm\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c gia qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 l\u1ed7i l\u1ea1c\u201d Ngay sau khi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p qua \u0111\u1eddi, Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u1ef9 John McCain vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Twister: T\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p v\u1eeba qua \u0111\u1eddi. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c gia qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 l\u1ed7i l\u1ea1c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eebng n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 \u2018k\u1ebb th\u00f9 danh d\u1ef1\u2019\u201d. Th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng John McCain. McCain l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng tham chi\u1ebfn \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 phi c\u00f4ng h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n. Khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n cu\u1ed9c n\u00e9m bom ng\u00e0y 26\/10\/1967, m\u00e1y bay c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng b\u1ecb b\u1eafn tr\u00fang tr\u00ean b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. John McCain \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1ea3y d\u00f9 xu\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 Tr\u00fac B\u1ea1ch, b\u1ecb b\u1eaft s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh t\u00f9 binh chi\u1ebfn tranh trong 173","T\u00f4 Ph\u1ea1m Ph\u00fa Xuy\u00ean 5 n\u0103m r\u01b0\u1ee1i. \u00d4ng c\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u t\u00f9 binh M\u1ef9 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao tr\u1ea3 v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 14\/3\/1973, c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y h\u01a1n 40 n\u0103m, theo \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n trao \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00f9 binh c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh H\u00f2a b\u00ecnh Paris. N\u0103m 1984, John McCain \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean T\u01b0\u1edbng De Castries t\u1ea1i \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean Ph\u1ee7 174","V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p Gi\u00e1p trong m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ebfn th\u0103m H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, ngay sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u v\u00e0o Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i M\u1ef9. V\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i bu\u1ed5i g\u1eb7p m\u1eb7t, \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00f3i v\u1edbi McCain r\u1eb1ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 l\u00e0 \u201ck\u1ebb th\u00f9 danh d\u1ef1\u201d. McCain sau \u0111\u00f3 cho bi\u1ebft: \u201cC\u00e2u n\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0a ra t\u1eeb \u00f4ng \u1ea5y, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3\u201d. Sau n\u00e0y, Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 John McCain \u0111\u00e3 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9 Bill Clinton trong vi\u1ec7c b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f3a quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u0103m 1995. T\u01b0\u1edbng \u201c\u0110\u1edd C\u00e1t\u201d: T\u00f4i h\u00e2n h\u1ea1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a T\u01b0\u1edbng Gi\u00e1p T\u01b0\u1edbng De Castries (1902-1991) l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 huy tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n c\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec3m, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 huy cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p trong tr\u1eadn \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean Ph\u1ee7. Vi\u1ec7c \u00f4ng b\u1ecb b\u1eaft s\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i c\u0103n h\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh ng\u00e0y 7\/5\/1954 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 th\u1ea3m b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 Ph\u00e1p, De Castries \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u l\u1eddi l\u1ebd b\u00e0y t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 th\u00e1n ph\u1ee5c t\u00e0i c\u1ea7m qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p. Vi\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edbng Ph\u00e1p chia s\u1ebb: 175","T\u00f4 Ph\u1ea1m Ph\u00fa Xuy\u00ean \u201cT\u01b0\u1edbng Gi\u00e1p l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f4ng minh, d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ecfi ch\u1ec9 huy du k\u00edch. \u00d4ng \u1ea5y c\u0169ng gi\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. Nay qua tr\u1eadn \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean Ph\u1ee7, t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y T\u01b0\u1edbng Gi\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 ch\u1ec9 huy \u0111\u00e1nh du k\u00edch, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n gi\u1ecfi c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 ch\u1ec9 huy tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecba chi\u1ebfn, ch\u1ec9 huy t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ed3ng binh ch\u1ee7ng, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 nghi binh \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeba t\u00ecnh b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u l\u00e0m t\u00f4i h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft T\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng, h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n v\u00f5 b\u1ecb cao c\u1ea5p n\u00e0o. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i vi\u1ec5n chinh Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e1 Ph\u00e1p ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n nh\u00e0 ngh\u1ec1, thi\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 trang b\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n T\u01b0\u1edbng Gi\u00e1p th\u1eafng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u1edf \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean Ph\u1ee7 l\u00e0m ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1ea5y. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. Nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ngu\u1ed3n ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c n\u00e0o c\u0169ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh tri th\u1ee9c qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c n\u00e0o c\u0169ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh v\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u1ecfi \u0111\u00e2u. 176","V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p T\u00f4i th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn T\u01b0\u1edbng Gi\u00e1p r\u1ea5t s\u00e0nh s\u1ecfi binh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 kh\u00f4n ngoan h\u01a1n, t\u00e0i gi\u1ecfi h\u01a1n t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e0nh, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u1edbng Cogny v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng Navarre. T\u00f4i h\u00e2n h\u1ea1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a T\u01b0\u1edbng Gi\u00e1p, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m k\u1ebb chi\u1ebfn b\u1ea1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp T\u01b0\u1edbng Marcel Bigeard. 177","T\u00f4 Ph\u1ea1m Ph\u00fa Xuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e0i gi\u1ecfi nh\u01b0 T\u01b0\u1edbng Gi\u00e1p. T\u00f4i ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9 v\u00e0 k\u00ednh ph\u1ee5c \u00f4ng\u201d. T\u01b0\u1edbng Marcel Bigeard: \u201cL\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u00f4i c\u0169ng s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Vi\u1ec7t Minh\u201d C\u1ef1u B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng Ph\u00e1p, T\u01b0\u1edbng Marcel Bigeard (1916 - 2010), ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia ch\u1ec9 huy qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Ph\u00e1p trong tr\u1eadn \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean Ph\u1ee7, \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cT\u01b0\u1edbng Gi\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n th\u1eadt \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t k\u00e9o d\u00e0i su\u1ed1t 30 n\u0103m, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef3 t\u00edch ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng th\u1ea5y. \u0110\u00fang v\u1eady, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i m\u00e0 mu\u00f4n \u0111\u1eddi sau, t\u00f4i tin r\u1eb1ng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea7y huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p m\u00e3i m\u00e3i l\u00e0 t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng, l\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d. Trong h\u1ed3i k\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, c\u1ef1u B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng Ph\u00e1p cho r\u1eafng T\u01b0\u1edbng Gi\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea7m qu\u00e2n m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u01b0 th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p, ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9. \u0110\u00f4i khi th\u1ea5t th\u1ebf, nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n r\u00fat ra b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc, gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i \u01b0u th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn chung cu\u1ed9c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u0129nh kh\u00f4ng ai 178","V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p b\u00ec k\u1ecbp. N\u0103m 1993, t\u01b0\u1edbng Bigeard \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp th\u0103m l\u1ea1i chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean Ph\u1ee7. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ed1t l\u00ean: \u201cH\u1ed3i \u1ea5y n\u1ebfu t\u00f4i l\u00e0 T\u01b0\u1edbng William Westmoreland 179","T\u00f4 Ph\u1ea1m Ph\u00fa Xuy\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u00f4i c\u0169ng s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Vi\u1ec7t Minh\u201d. T\u01b0\u1edbng William Westmoreland: T\u01b0\u1edbng Gi\u00e1p s\u1edf h\u1eefu m\u1ecdi ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p T\u01b0\u1edbng William Westmoreland (1914 - 2005) l\u00e0 T\u1ed5ng t\u01b0 l\u1ec7nh Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i M\u1ef9 t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u00d4ng nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cM\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00ednh t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 l\u1ed7i l\u1ea1c nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft \u0111o\u00e1n, s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh tinh th\u1ea7n, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1eadp trung tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, tr\u00ed th\u00f4ng minh, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u1edf t\u01b0\u1edbng Gi\u00e1p - m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 huy v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i\u201d. \u00d4ng Westmoreland c\u0169ng cho r\u1eb1ng: \u201cCu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam k\u1ebft th\u00fac \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y vai tr\u00f2 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt ki\u1ec7t xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 cao nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 T\u01b0\u1edbng Gi\u00e1p - ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3o luy\u1ec7n trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5ng ch\u1ec9 huy th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfn tranh du k\u00edch\u201d. Robert McNamara (1916 - 2009) l\u00e0 c\u1ef1u B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng M\u1ef9 d\u01b0\u1edbi 2 \u0111\u1eddi t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng John F. Kennedy (1961-1963) v\u00e0 Lyndon B. Johnson (1963-1968). Trong cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 \u201cc\u00f4ng 180","V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p tr\u00ecnh s\u01b0\u201d c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t. Sau khi chi\u1ebfn tranh k\u1ebft th\u00fac, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 hai l\u1ea7n t\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam h\u1ed9i ki\u1ebfn v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eebng l\u00e0 k\u1ebb th\u00f9 \u1edf b\u00ean kia chi\u1ebfn tuy\u1ebfn: \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p. Trong cu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 9\/11\/1995, T\u01b0\u1edbng \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p v\u00e0 C\u1ef1u B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng M\u1ef9 Robert McNamara trong cu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean n\u0103m 1995 181","T\u00f4 Ph\u1ea1m Ph\u00fa Xuy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ef1u th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh khi ch\u1ec9 ra ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n khi\u1ebfn M\u1ef9 thua cu\u1ed9c \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 sai l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 khi kh\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ee9c ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u00e0 hi v\u1ecdng sai l\u1ea7m v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn kh\u00e1c. Trong cu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p m\u1eb7t l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 2, ng\u00e0y 23\/6\/1997, \u00f4ng Mc- Namara ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 cho c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n m\u00ecnh b\u00e0y t\u1ecf \u00fd ki\u1ebfn. D\u00f9 v\u1eady, v\u00ec th\u1eddi gian h\u1ea1n h\u1eb9p v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ec1 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u00edt l\u1ea7n ng\u1eaft l\u1eddi \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng. T\u01b0\u1edbng Gi\u00e1p \u0111\u00e1p l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00ecnh th\u1ea3n v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1, ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea5y ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng l\u00ed l\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea7y thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p, kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn, \u00f4ng McNamara \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i th\u1ed1t l\u00ean: \u201cTh\u1ebf l\u00e0 ng\u00e0i l\u1ea1i th\u1eafng v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian r\u1ed3i\u201d. \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1eabn th\u1ea3n nhi\u00ean \u0111\u00e1p l\u1ea1i: \u201cC\u00e1c ng\u00e0i thua v\u00ec ch\u01b0a hi\u1ec3u, mu\u1ed1n hi\u1ec3u n\u00ean l\u1eafng nghe\u201d. Trong cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch Nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i t\u1ea5n th\u1ea3m k\u1ecbch v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i 182","V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, McNamara \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n M\u1ef9 thua \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 do kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam, v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t. ST 183","T\u00f4 Ph\u1ea1m Ph\u00fa Xuy\u00ean M\u1ee4C L\u1ee4C L\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea7u.....................................................................5 V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p - Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p ................. 21 Th\u1eddi ni\u00ean thi\u1ebfu.............................................................21 Th\u1eddi thanh ni\u00ean............................................................28 B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1...........................................31 \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n VN...........33 Chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch thu \u0111\u00f4ng Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc 1947.............................36 Chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch Bi\u00ean Gi\u1edbi 1950..........................................52 Chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch Tr\u1ea7n H\u01b0ng \u0110\u1ea1o..........................................66 Chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean Ph\u1ee7 ...........................................84 \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9 c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc..............................................................127 Tr\u1eadn \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean Ph\u1ee7 tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng.................................133 Chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed................................140 \u0110o\u1ea1n k\u1ebft..................................................................145 Nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh qu\u00fd c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u00ecnh To\u00e1n v\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p........................................................153 Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u n\u00f3i b\u1ea5t h\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng ............................161 B\u00e1o ch\u00ed th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ca ng\u1ee3i \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng............................168 C\u00e1c c\u1ef1u th\u00f9 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2y n\u00f3i g\u00ec v\u1ec1 T\u01b0\u1edbng Gi\u00e1p..........173 184","V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p V\u00d5 NGUY\u00caN GI\u00c1P CU\u1ed8C \u0110\u1edcI V\u00c0 S\u1ef0 NGHI\u1ec6P T\u00f4 Ph\u1ea1m Ph\u00fa Xuy\u00ean NH\u00c0 XU\u1ea4T B\u1ea2N H\u1ed8I NH\u00c0 V\u0102N 65 Nguy\u1ec5n Du - H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i Tel & Fax: 024.38222135 E-mail: [email protected] http:\/\/nxbhoinhavan.net Chi nh\u00e1nh mi\u1ec1n Nam 371\/16 Hai B\u00e0 Tr\u01b0ng - Q3 - TP. HCM Tel & Fax: 08.38297915 Email: [email protected] Chi nhanh mi\u1ec1n Trung v\u00e0 T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean 277 - Tr\u1ea7n H\u01b0ng \u0110\u1ea1o - TP. \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng Email: [email protected] Chi nh\u00e1nh NXB H\u1ed9i nh\u00e0 v\u0103n khu \u0110\u00f4ng B\u1eafc 114 Ph\u1ed1 H\u1ea3i Ph\u00fac - ph\u01b0\u1eddng H\u1ed3ng H\u1ea3i - TP H\u1ea1 Long - Qu\u1ea3ng Ninh Tel: 090.3409142 - 091.4660592 Ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n: Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c - T\u1ed5ng bi\u00ean t\u1eadp NGUY\u1ec4N QUANG THI\u1ec0U Bi\u00ean t\u1eadp: Nguy\u1ec5n Ch\u00ed Hoan V\u1ebd b\u00eca: T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 S\u1eeda b\u1ea3n in: T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 185","T\u00f4 Ph\u1ea1m Ph\u00fa Xuy\u00ean In 1000 cu\u1ed1n kh\u1ed5 14,5cm x 20,5cm, t\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng ty TNHH In v\u00e0 TM H\u1ea3i Nam \u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 c\u01a1 s\u1edf in: s\u1ed1 18 ng\u00e1ch 68\/53\/9 Quan Hoa, C\u1ea7u Gi\u1ea5y, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. S\u1ed1 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn \u0110KXB: 3332 - 2019\/CXBIPH\/33 - 98\/HNV S\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n: 1527\/Q\u0110 - NXBHNV; k\u00fd ng\u00e0y 18\/9\/2019 In xong v\u00e0 n\u1ed9p l\u01b0u chi\u1ec3u: 10\/2019 M\u00e3 ISBN (d\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1): 978-604-977-549-9 186"]